Electro Magnetic Aircraft Launch System
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China's Aircraft Carrier Ambitions
CHINA’S AIRCRAFT CARRIER AMBITIONS An Update Nan Li and Christopher Weuve his article will address two major analytical questions. First, what are the T necessary and suffi cient conditions for China to acquire aircraft carriers? Second, what are the major implications if China does acquire aircraft carriers? Existing analyses on China’s aircraft carrier ambitions are quite insightful but also somewhat inadequate and must therefore be updated. Some, for instance, argue that with the advent of the Taiwan issue as China’s top threat priority by late 1996 and the retirement of Liu Huaqing as vice chair of China’s Central Military Commission (CMC) in 1997, aircraft carriers are no longer considered vital.1 In that view, China does not require aircraft carriers to capture sea and air superiority in a war over Taiwan, and China’s most powerful carrier proponent (Liu) can no longer infl uence relevant decision making. Other scholars suggest that China may well acquire small-deck aviation platforms, such as helicopter carriers, to fulfi ll secondary security missions. These missions include naval di- plomacy, humanitarian assistance, disaster relief, and antisubmarine warfare.2 The present authors conclude, however, that China’s aircraft carrier ambitions may be larger than the current literature has predicted. Moreover, the major implications of China’s acquiring aircraft carriers may need to be explored more carefully in order to inform appropriate reactions on the part of the United States and other Asia-Pacifi c naval powers. This article updates major changes in the four major conditions that are necessary and would be largely suffi cient for China to acquire aircraft carriers: leadership endorsement, fi nancial affordability, a relatively concise naval strat- egy that defi nes the missions of carrier operations, and availability of requisite 14 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW technologies. -
A Brief Review on Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System
International Journal of Mechanical And Production Engineering, ISSN: 2320-2092, Volume- 5, Issue-6, Jun.-2017 http://iraj.in A BRIEF REVIEW ON ELECTROMAGNETIC AIRCRAFT LAUNCH SYSTEM 1AZEEM SINGH KAHLON, 2TAAVISHE GUPTA, 3POOJA DAHIYA, 4SUDHIR KUMAR CHATURVEDI Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India E-mail: [email protected] Abstract - This paper describes the basic design, advantages and disadvantages of an Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) for aircraft carriers of the future along with a brief comparison with traditional launch mechanisms. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the feasibility of EMALS for the next generation indigenous aircraft carrier INS Vishal. I. INTRODUCTION maneuvering. Depending on the thrust produced by the engines and weight of aircraft the length of the India has a central and strategic location in the Indian runway varies widely for different aircraft. Normal Ocean. It shares the longest coastline of 7500 runways are designed so as to accommodate the kilometers amongst other nations sharing the Indian launch for such deviation in takeoff lengths, but the Ocean. India's 80% trade is via sea routes passing scenario is different when it comes to aircraft carriers. through the Indian Ocean and 85% of its oil and gas Launch of an aircraft from a mobile platform always are imported through sea routes. Indian Ocean also requires additional systems and methods to assist the serves as the locus of important international Sea launch because the runway has to be scaled down, Lines Of Communication (SLOCs) . Development of which is only about 300 feet as compared to 5,000- India’s political structure, industrial and commercial 6,000 feet required for normal aircraft to takeoff from growth has no meaning until its shores are protected. -
Ins Vikrant) at Csl, Kochi – 12 Aug 13
ADDRESS BY CNS LAUNCH CEREMONY OF INDIGENOUS AIRCRAFT CARRIER I (INS VIKRANT) AT CSL, KOCHI – 12 AUG 13 1. Shri AK Antony, Hon’ble Raksha Mantri, Shri GK Vasan, Hon’ble Minister for Shipping, Hon’ble Members of Parliament, Hon’ble Members of Legislative Assembly & Council, Vice Admiral Shekhar Sinha, Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Western Naval Command, Vice Admiral Satish Soni, Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Southern Naval Command, Commodore K Subramaniam, Chairman & Managing Director, Cochin Shipyard Limited, Flag Officers, Board of Directors of CSL, the proud work force of CSL, distinguished guests, members of the media, ladies and gentlemen. 2. I would at the outset like to thank the Hon’ble Raksha Mantri and the Hon’ble Minister of Shipping for their presence at this momentous occasion, which is historic not only for the Navy, but for the entire nation. I would also like to compliment the Chairman & Managing Director of Cochin Shipyard and his team for making this occasion a reality. 3. The Navy has always been conscious that designing and building warships is a strategic core capability for any country. After the first indigenous warship INS Ajay was constructed in 1960, 2 the then Prime Minister Smt Indira Gandhi, launched our first indigenous frigate INS Nilgiri in 1968. Since then we have never looked back. 4. The next significant capability achieved was in-house designing. The ships of Godavari, Brahmaputra, Delhi and Shivalik, designed by naval design teams, exemplify this niche competence/ we also constructed two conventional submarines. The valuable exposure to the technical know-how of submarine construction has helped us embark on an indigenous 30 year submarine building programme. -
The Chinese Navy: Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles
The Chinese Navy: Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles The Chinese Navy Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles Saunders, EDITED BY Yung, Swaine, PhILLIP C. SAUNderS, ChrISToPher YUNG, and Yang MIChAeL Swaine, ANd ANdreW NIeN-dzU YANG CeNTer For The STUdY oF ChINeSe MilitarY AffairS INSTITUTe For NATIoNAL STrATeGIC STUdIeS NatioNAL deFeNSe UNIverSITY COVER 4 SPINE 990-219 NDU CHINESE NAVY COVER.indd 3 COVER 1 11/29/11 12:35 PM The Chinese Navy: Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles 990-219 NDU CHINESE NAVY.indb 1 11/29/11 12:37 PM 990-219 NDU CHINESE NAVY.indb 2 11/29/11 12:37 PM The Chinese Navy: Expanding Capabilities, Evolving Roles Edited by Phillip C. Saunders, Christopher D. Yung, Michael Swaine, and Andrew Nien-Dzu Yang Published by National Defense University Press for the Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs Institute for National Strategic Studies Washington, D.C. 2011 990-219 NDU CHINESE NAVY.indb 3 11/29/11 12:37 PM Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Defense or any other agency of the Federal Government. Cleared for public release; distribution unlimited. Chapter 5 was originally published as an article of the same title in Asian Security 5, no. 2 (2009), 144–169. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Used by permission. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Chinese Navy : expanding capabilities, evolving roles / edited by Phillip C. Saunders ... [et al.]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. -
SKI-JUMP LIMITATIONS and PLAN's SOLUTIONS
CAPS In Focus 25 July 2017 www.capsindia.org 61/17 SKI-JUMP LIMITATIONS AND PLAN’s SOLUTIONS Arjun Subramanian P Reports on Chinese naval aviation have been in the news lately and Chinese media is abuzz with photographs of the J-15 fighters operating from the PLAN’s first carrier – the Liaoning. The carrier was en-route to Hong Kong1 along with two escort warships when the flight operations were conducted. The PLAN even released a long video of the operations which gives some insights into the J-15 fighter and the role it will play. There is also some news on China building a carrier borne AEW aircraft to be operated from its CV-001 type vessels.2 China’s lone carrier, the refurbished old Soviet vessel – Varyag – is PLAN’s first experience with an aircraft carrier which it is so actively and boastfully projecting. China is steadily improving and adding up to its naval power projection capability. The released video was of very good resolution where every minute detail was visible and which enables inference of certain information.3 The video primarily contains take-offs and landings of the J- 15 fighter with and without load-outs. In several take-offs, the J-15 can be seen carrying the PL-12 medium range and PL-8 short range air-to-air missile in the middle and outer hard-points respectively. The PL-12 is an active radar-guided BVR missile and is similar to the Russian R-77 Adder and it is widely claimed that its seeker head is the same design as that of the R-77.4 The PL-8, on the other hand, is an IR guided missile and is believed to be based on the Israeli Python-3.5 In few other launches the aircraft can be seen taking off and landing with two YJ-83K anti-ship missiles slung under the centre-wing hard-point on each wing. -
China's Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations
China’s Logistics Capabilities for Expeditionary Operations The modular transfer system between a Type 054A frigate and a COSCO container ship during China’s first military-civil UNREP. Source: “重大突破!民船为海军水面舰艇实施干货补给 [Breakthrough! Civil Ships Implement Dry Cargo Supply for Naval Surface Ships],” Guancha, November 15, 2019 Primary author: Chad Peltier Supporting analysts: Tate Nurkin and Sean O’Connor Disclaimer: This research report was prepared at the request of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission to support its deliberations. Posting of the report to the Commission's website is intended to promote greater public understanding of the issues addressed by the Commission in its ongoing assessment of U.S.-China economic relations and their implications for U.S. security, as mandated by Public Law 106-398 and Public Law 113-291. However, it does not necessarily imply an endorsement by the Commission or any individual Commissioner of the views or conclusions expressed in this commissioned research report. 1 Contents Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................... 4 Methodology, Scope, and Study Limitations ........................................................................................................ 6 1. China’s Expeditionary Operations -
Human Factors of Flight-Deck Checklists: the Normal Checklist
NASA Contractor Report 177549 Human Factors of Flight-Deck Checklists: The Normal Checklist Asaf Degani San Jose State University Foundation San Jose, CA Earl L. Wiener University of Miami Coral Gables, FL Prepared for Ames Research Center CONTRACT NCC2-377 May 1990 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center Moffett Field, California 94035-1000 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 2 1.1. The Normal Checklist .................................................... 2 1.2. Objectives ...................................................................... 5 1.3. Methods ......................................................................... 5 2. THE NATURE OF CHECKLISTS............................................... 7 2.1. What is a Checklist?....................................................... 7 2.2. Checklist Devices .......................................................... 8 3. CHECKLIST CONCEPTS ......................................................... 18 3.1. “Philosophy of Use” .................................................... 18 3.2. Certification of Checklists ........................................... 22 3.3. Standardization of Checklists ...................................... 24 3.4. Two/three Pilot Cockpit ............................................... 25 4. AIRLINE MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS .......................... 27 5. LINE OBSERVATIONS OF CHECKLIST PERFORMANCE.. 29 5.1. Initiation ...................................................................... -
Navy News Week 10-2
NAVY NEWS WEEK 10-2 5 March 2018 Winter in the Frisia for Culdrose Sea King on its final mission over Europe 22/02/2018 For the last time a Royal Navy Sea King has appeared in European skies after completing its final mission on the Continent. For two weeks, a helicopter from 849 Naval Air Squadron at Culdrose has been directing the actions of supersonic F-16 jets over the North Sea and northern Holland – a key stepping stone for working with the UK’s new F-35 stealth fighters in a couple of years time. It’s the task of 849 with their distinctive radar-equipped helicopters to scour the skies for threats to a naval group – and to direct interceptors such as the F-16 Falcons in for the kill if necessary. It took the veteran helicopter eight hours to cover the 500 miles from its base in western Cornwall to Leeuwarden in Frisia, north-eastern Netherlands. A 40-strong detachment of air and ground crew was dispatched to the Dutch Air Force Base for Exercise Skinners’ Gold 4 – an exercise the squadron has attended in previous run-outs. The Sea King Mk7 flew eight night missions with its observer/radar operator in the back of the helicopter choreographing the movements of up to four Dutch jets at a time either using voice commands (English is the common language of the skies) or by using the military’s data-sharing system, Link 16. The Brits guided their Dutch colleagues to intercept up to half a dozen ‘enemy’ jets at a time – which proved to be an invaluable training for 849, particularly as the scenarios played out over Dutch and North Sea skies could not to be recreated back in the UK. -
Aircraft Carriers – Glug Glug Glug….. Really? Significance of Carrier Borne Airpower for India
www.maritimeindia.org Aircraft Carriers – Glug Glug Glug….. Really? Significance of Carrier Borne Airpower for India Author: Dinesh Yadav Date: 23 July 2018 In his recent article published by the Lowy Institute, titled “Glug, Glug, Glug: India’s interest in unsinkable Aircraft Carriers”, David Brewster1, probes India’s medium term plan to develop into a three carrier fleet. Brewster cites huge costs (acquisition, maintenance and operational) and vulnerability issues attached with the Carrier Task Force (CTFs) in support of his assertion and, as an alternative, advocates the use of ‘unsinkable’ island bases as cheaper and more effective options. Dismissing flat-tops as vulnerable status symbols for India, the author recommends the deferment of INS Vishal and instead, use the freed-up capital in shoring up India’s military capabilities in the Andaman and Nicobar (A&N) and Lakshadweep island chains. India currently operates only one carrier, INS Vikramaditya (erstwhile Admiral Gorshkov of the Soviet/ Russian Navy). Whilst India’s first indigenous aircraft carrier, INS Vikrant (IAC-I) is being built by Cochin Shipyard (CSL) and is likely to be commissioned in end 20202, India has already embarked on its follow-on induction3, likely to be named as INS Vishal (IAC-II), and expected to be much larger and more potent. A three-carrier force would allow the Indian Navy to operate one CTF on each of its seaboard at all times, with the third carrier involved in refit or maintenance. Bang for Buck – Misplaced Example of Great Britain The Royal Navy currently operates4 only one Aircraft Carrier, HMS Queen Elizabeth (commissioned in December 2017). -
China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S
China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities—Background and Issues for Congress (name redacted) Specialist in Naval Affairs April 25, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov RL33153 China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities Summary The question of how the United States should respond to China’s military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, is a key issue in U.S. defense planning and budgeting. China has been steadily building a modern and powerful navy since the early to mid-1990s. China’s navy has become a formidable military force within China’s near-seas region, and it is conducting a growing number of operations in more-distant waters, including the broader waters of the Western Pacific, the Indian Ocean, and waters around Europe. Observers view China’s improving naval capabilities as posing a challenge in the Western Pacific to the U.S. Navy’s ability to achieve and maintain control of blue-water ocean areas in wartime— the first such challenge the U.S. Navy has faced since the end of the Cold War. More broadly, these observers view China’s naval capabilities as a key element of a broader Chinese military challenge to the long-standing status of the United States as the leading military power in the Western Pacific. China’s naval modernization effort encompasses a wide array of platform and weapon acquisition programs, including anti-ship ballistic missiles (ASBMs), anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCMs), submarines, surface ships, aircraft, unmanned vehicles (UVs), and supporting C4ISR (command and control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance) systems. -
BEL Preparedness Is the TAKING to the HIGH SEAS Best Deterrent: Jaitley
IMDEX ASIA SUPPLEMENT www.aeromag.in n May 2017 | Vol 11 | Issue 3 BEL Preparedness is the TAKING TO THE HIGH SEAS Best Deterrent: Jaitley and Towed Array Sonar for ships, Short-range, Medium- range and Long-Range Gun Fire Control Systems, Naval Communication Systems for intra-ship, ship-ship, ship- shore communications and Anti-Submarine Warfare System for launch of torpedoes, rockets and decoys. BEL’s journey in the field of Sonars (Sound Navigation and Ranging) commenced in 1977 when in collaboration with DRDO lab NPOL, Kochi, it manufactured the first indigenous Sonar for the Indian Navy called APSOH. Till date, BEL has produced more than 60 Sonars covering the range of underwater applications for surface ships and submarines. Defence Minister Shri Arun Jaitley with Admiral Sunil Lanba, Chief of the Naval Staff Some of the major contributions by BEL in the field of Sonars for Surface Ship projects include Hull A four-day Naval Commanders’ Mounted Sonar/Bow Mounted Sonar, Towed Array Conference was held in New Delhi from The Defence Minister lauded the Sonar and Fire Control Systems. BEL has also exported May 2. Defence Minister Shri Arun Jaitley efforts of Indian Navy in indigenisation three Hull Mounted Sonar Systems. It is noteworthy that addressed the Naval Commanders and and urged the Commanders to focus during the execution of this project, BEL, along with interacted with them along with Minister on furtherance of Domestic Expertise NPOL and industry partners, indigenised the Directing of State for Defence Dr Subhash Bhamre, building up. Gear and the Sonar Dome which were imported until Defence Secretary and other senior then. -
Automatic Carrier Landing System for V/Stol Aircraft
AUTOMATIC CARRIER LANDING SYSTEM FOR V/STOL AIRCRAFT USING L1 ADAPTIVE AND OPTIMAL CONTROL by SHASHANK HARIHARAPURA RAMESH Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Arlington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AEROSPACE ENGINEERING THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON December 2015 Copyright © by SHASHANK HARIHARAPURA RAMESH 2015 All Rights Reserved To my parents, Meera and Ramesh ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My deepest gratitude goes to my supervising professor, Dr Kamesh Subbarao for providing me an opportunity to work on a topic of my interest, for his guidance and encouragement for research. I would like to thank Dr. Atilla Dogan and Dr. Donald Wilson for being a part of my thesis committee. I am thankful to my colleagues at Aerospace Systems Laboratory - Dr Ghassan Atmeh, Dr Pavan Nuthi, Dr Alok Rege, and Pengkai Ru, for their invaluable inputs towards my research. Many thanks to Ameya Godbole, Tracie Perez, Paul Quillen and Ziad Bakhya for their support and encouragement. I would like to thank my roommates Vijay Gopal, Varun Vishwamitra, and Rohit Narayan for their patience, tolerance, and brotherly affection without which my sojourn at graduate school would have been burdensome. I would like to thank my parents for their unconditional love and support. It is only because of their dedication, hardwork, and sacrifice I am what I am today. I am thankful to my sister, Shobhita, and my grandmothers, for their moral support which provided me the strength to deal with uneasy times. Special thanks to my aunt and uncle, Shubha and Ravi Murthy who have been extremely supportive during my stay in USA.