Index

Adenauer, Konrad 107 Christian Democratic Union Agrarian Party of Russia 143 (CDU) 90, 98, 101–5, 107, 108 Andropov, Yurii 125 Chubais, Anatoli 129, 130, Alexander, Herbert 1, 58 132, 139 Amigo affair 9, 112, 205 Chung, Johnny 54 Aquino, Corazon 173, 187 Clinton, Bill 7, 54, 55, 58 Asian values 163–5 Colorado Republican Federal Audit Chamber 146 Campaign Committee v. FEC (1996) 43 Baldwin, Stanley 21 Committee on Financial Aid to Ballot Act (1872) 16 Political Parties (Houghton Barschel affair 90, 205 Committee) 28 Barzel, Raine 102 Committee on Standards in Public Berlusconi, Silvio 5, 79, 82, Life (Neill Committee) 11,15, 200, 204 27, 30–4, 207 Berezovskii, Boris 130, 133, 141, Committee to Re-elect the President 144, 147 (CRP) 40 Beyme, Karl von 3, 4 Common Cause 45, 49, 54 Blair, Tony 208 Communist Party (PCI) 61, 63, 64, Boiko, Maksim 133 75, 76 Boldyrev, Yurii 151 Communist Party of the Russian Bowman, Phyllis 31 Federation (CPRF) 134, 135, Brauchitsch, Eberhard von 102 136, 141, 142, 143 Brezhnev, Leonid 124, 125 Communist Party of the Soviet Buckley v. Valeo (1976) 31, 41, Union (CPSU) 126, 127, 134, 45, 49 136, 157 Bush, George 56, 57 Companies Act (1985) 25 Corrupt and Illegal Practices Caltagirone scandal 71 (Prevention) Act (1883) 16, Cazzaniga, Vincenzo 71 27, 32 Central Election Commission Court of Accounts 78, 79, 85 (CEC) 148, 153, 203 ‘Cranborne’ Money 28 Centre Party (Zentrum) 105 Cranston, Alan 53 Chernenko, Konstantin 125 Chernomyrdin, Victor 133, 142, Daley, Richard 139 144, 145, 150 Davidson, J.C.C. 20 Chiatante, Ennio 71 Democratic Choice of Russia Chiesa, Mario 62 (DVR) 142, 143 Christian Democrat Party (DC) 61, Democratic Party of the Left 64, 69, 75 (PDS) 62

211 212 Index

Democratic Party (US) 41, 54, 56 Hansen, George 46 Dole, Robert 49, 55 Hatch Act (1940) 39 Dornbush, K. Terry 54 Holovaty, Serhiy 155 Dubinin, Sergei 146 Home Affairs Committee 29, 31 Honours (Prevention of Abuses) Act Ecclestone, Bernie 27, 30, 208 (1925) 26 Election Commission of Thailand Horten, Helmut 103 (ECT) 167, 172, 173, 175 European Convention on Human Ilyumzhinov, Kirsan 146 Rights 31 Independent Election Monitoring Committee (KIPP) 78, 179 Fabian Society 4, 18 Independent Labour Party 18 Federal Audit Office 93–5 Indonesian Democratic Party Federal Constitutional Court 91, (PDI) 76, 177, 180 100, 101, 107, 108, 109, 112, 205 Federal Corrupt Practices Act 39, 46 Johnson, Lyndon 40 Federal Election Campaign Act (1971) 39, 41, 42, 43, 46, 48, Kanchanalak, Pauline 54 49, 53, 54, 55 Kazhegeldin, Akezhan 157 Federal Election Commission Keating, Charles 53, 206 (FEC) 41, 44, 46, 49 KGB 125, 126 Federation of Independent Trade Kim, Jay 46 Unions (FNPR) 136, 137 Kirienko, Sergei 133, 144 Flick affair 90, 102, 112, 205 Kliment’ev, Andrei 132 Foreign contributions 7 Koberts, General Konstantin 151 Forza Italia 5, 79, 82 Kokh, Alfred 132 Free Democrat Party (FDP) 94, 98, Kohl, Helmut 90 99, 102, 103, 104, 107, 108, 113 Konyakhin, Gennadi 128 Friderichs, Hans 102 Kruchina, Nikolai 157 Kulikov, Anatolii 130 Gaidar, Yergov 142, 144 General Strike 21 Labour Party 4, 18, 23, 25–7, Georgian Communist Party 125 29, 208 German Party Foundations 110 Labour Representation Committee Glenn, John 46 (LRC) 18 Golong Karya (Golkar) 177, 178, Labour Representation League 18 179, 180 Lambsdorff, Count Otto Gorbachev, Mikhail 124, 125, Lapshin, Mikhail 143 126, 136 Lawrence, M. Larry 54 Gore, Al 7 Lebed, Alexander 143, 144, 154 Green Party 96, 98, 99, 104, 112 Legal Aid Institute (LBH) 179 Gusinsky, Vladimir 133, 141 Lenin, V.I. 124 Liberal Democratic Party of Russia Habibie, B.J. 180, 190 (LDPR) 134, 142, 154 Hansard Commission on the Liberal Party 16–19, 21 Financing of Political Parties Ligachev, Yegor 125 (1981) 29 Lisovski, Sergei 131 Index 213

List’ev, Vladislav 131 People’s Consultative Assembly Lloyd George, David 20, 21 (MPR) 176, 180 Lolashvili, Otari 124 People’s Representative Assembly Luzhkov, Yurii 139, 148, 149, 154 (DPR) 177 Perot, Ross 200 McCain–Feingold bill 56 Plumbers’ Case (1905) 18 Mafia 63 Podberezkin, Aleksei 136 Major, John 208 Podgornov, Nikolai 128 Marcos, President 173, 175 Potanin, Vladimir 129, 132, Maskhadov, Aslan 46 133, 141, 144 Mitchell, George 57 Political Action Committee Mohamad, Prime Minister (PAC) 40, 44, 49–52, Mahathir 163 56–7, 206 Mussolini, Benito 63 Political corruption Mzhavanadze, Vasillii 125 definitions 3, 45–8, 123, 127, 149, 165 National Conservative Political measurement of 70 Action Committee Political Parties Act (1967) 91, 92, (NICPAC) 50 100, 101, 103, 105, 108, 109 National Movement for Free PollWatch Organization 171, 172, Elections (NAMFREL) 174, 175, 179, 180, 188 175, 179 Popov, Gavriil 128 National Socialist Party 105 Primakov, Yevgenii 147 National Sports Fund (NFS) 129 Nationalist Party 166 Radical Party 74, 75 Nemtsov, Boris 133, 150 Rais, Amien 163 New Order Regime 176, 178, 179 Ramos, President 173, 187 Reform Act (1867) 16 Osborne v. Amalgamated Society of Republican Party 40, 52, 53, 56–7 Railway Servants (ASRS) 18–19 Republikaner Party 112 ‘Our Home is Russia’ Party Representation of the People (NDR) 133, 134, 135, 142 Act 25, 28 Russian National Unity (RNE) 137 Packwood, Robert 50 Russian Orthodox Church 129 Parchyarachun, Prime Minister Russian Social Political Centre Anand 171 (ROPTS) 137 Pannella, Marco 80 Parliamentary Council 106 Sarbanes, Paul 54 Partitocrazia (partyocracy) 61, 62, Savings and Loan Scandal 7 63–7, 75, 76, 204 Savitskii, Viralii 152 Party finance Semago, Vladimir 134, 135 definition 12 Sevryugin, Nikolai 128 types 2–3 Shevardnadze, Eduard 124, 125 Party of Democratic Socialism Shmakov, Mikhail 137 (PDS) 96, 98, 99 ‘Short’ Money 24, 28, 34 People’s Action Party (PAP) 181, Shuratov, Prosecutor-General 203 183, 185 Sobchak, Anatolii 128 214 Index

Social Democratic Federation 18 Trade Disputes and Trade Unions Act Social Democratic Party (SPD) (1946) 21 94–5, 98–9, 103–5, 107, 108 Trade Union Act (1913) 19, Socialist Party (PSI) 65, 69, 76 20, 21 Soeharto, President 165, 175, Trade Union Act (1984) 21 176, 178, 180, 190 Trades Union Congress (TUC) 18 Soekarnoputri, Megawati 176, 177, Transparency Watch 112–13 178, 179, 180 ‘Soft Money’ 43, 44, 46, 52–4 United Malays National Soros, George 64 Organization (UMNO) 166, Standards and Privileges 180, 181, 183 Committee 27 Stankevich, Sergei 128, 132, 151 Vavilov, Andrei 143 Starovoitova, Galina 134 Steele v. South Wales Miners’ Watergate scandal 40–1, 48, 206 Federation 18 Streletskii, Valerii 150 Yabloko Party 134, 135, 148 Supreme Court 48 Yavlinskii, Grigorii 134 Yeltsin, Boris 126, 128, 131, Taft–Hartley Act (1947) 39 133, 140, 144, 147, 150, Tangentopoli 62, 69, 70, 76, 82, 204 151, 153, 203 Teapot Dome 39 Yzer, Cornelia 90 Thatcher, Margaret 21 Tillman Act (1907) 39 Zhirinovski, Vladimir 134 Trade Disputes and Trade Unions Act Zubov, Valerii 143 (1927) 21 Zyuganov, Gennadii 136, 154