With Female Heterogamety
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Gekko Canaensis Sp. Nov. (Squamata: Gekkonidae), a New Gecko from Southern Vietnam
Zootaxa 2890: 53–64 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Gekko canaensis sp. nov. (Squamata: Gekkonidae), a new gecko from Southern Vietnam NGO VAN TRI1 & TONY GAMBLE2 1Department of Environmental Management and Technology, Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnamese Academy of Sciences and Tech- nology, 85 Tran Quoc Toan Street, District 3, Hochiminh City, Vietnam. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St SE, Minneapolis MN 55455. USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species of Gekko Laurenti 1768 is described from southern Vietnam. The species is distinguished from its conge- ners by its moderate size: SVL to maximum 108.5 mm, dorsal pattern of five to seven white vertebral blotches between nape and sacrum and six to seven pairs of short white bars on flanks between limb insertions, 1–4 internasals, 30–32 ven- tral scale rows between weak ventrolateral folds, 14–18 precloacal pores in males, 10–14 longitudinal rows of smooth dor- sal tubercles, 14–16 broad lamellae beneath digit I of pes, 17–19 broad lamellae beneath digit IV of pes, and a single transverse row of enlarged tubercles along the posterior portion of dorsum of each tail segment. Key words: Cà Ná Cape, description, Gekko, Gekko canaensis sp. nov., Gekkonidae, granitic outcrop, Vietnam Introduction Members of the Gekko petricolus Taylor 1962 species group (sensu Panitvong et al. 2010) are rock-dwelling spe- cialists occurring in southeastern Indochina. -
Cretaceous Fossil Gecko Hand Reveals a Strikingly Modern Scansorial Morphology: Qualitative and Biometric Analysis of an Amber-Preserved Lizard Hand
Cretaceous Research 84 (2018) 120e133 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cretaceous Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/CretRes Cretaceous fossil gecko hand reveals a strikingly modern scansorial morphology: Qualitative and biometric analysis of an amber-preserved lizard hand * Gabriela Fontanarrosa a, Juan D. Daza b, Virginia Abdala a, c, a Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina b Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Houston State University, 1900 Avenue I, Lee Drain Building Suite 300, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA c Catedra de Biología General, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina article info abstract Article history: Gekkota (geckos and pygopodids) is a clade thought to have originated in the Early Cretaceous and that Received 16 May 2017 today exhibits one of the most remarkable scansorial capabilities among lizards. Little information is Received in revised form available regarding the origin of scansoriality, which subsequently became widespread and diverse in 15 September 2017 terms of ecomorphology in this clade. An undescribed amber fossil (MCZ Re190835) from mid- Accepted in revised form 2 November 2017 Cretaceous outcrops of the north of Myanmar dated at 99 Ma, previously assigned to stem Gekkota, Available online 14 November 2017 preserves carpal, metacarpal and phalangeal bones, as well as supplementary climbing structures, such as adhesive pads and paraphalangeal elements. This fossil documents the presence of highly specialized Keywords: Squamata paleobiology adaptive structures. Here, we analyze in detail the manus of the putative stem Gekkota. We use Paraphalanges morphological comparisons in the context of extant squamates, to produce a detailed descriptive analysis Hand evolution and a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based on 32 skeletal variables of the manus. -
Habitat Types
Habitat Types The following section features ten predominant habitat types on the West Coast of the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. It provides a description of each habitat type and the native plant and fauna species that commonly occur there. The fauna species lists in this section are not limited to the species included in this publication and include other coastal fauna species. Fauna species included in this publication are printed in bold. Information is also provided on specific threats and reference sites for each habitat type. The habitat types presented are generally either characteristic of high-energy exposed coastline or low-energy sheltered coastline. Open sandy beaches, non-vegetated dunefields, coastal cliffs and cliff tops are all typically found along high energy, exposed coastline, while mangroves, sand flats and saltmarsh/samphire are characteristic of low energy, sheltered coastline. Habitat Types Coastal Dune Shrublands NATURAL DISTRIBUTION shrublands of larger vegetation occur on more stable dunes and Found throughout the coastal environment, from low beachfront cliff-top dunes with deep stable sand. Most large dune shrublands locations to elevated clifftops, wherever sand can accumulate. will be composed of a mosaic of transitional vegetation patches ranging from bare sand to dense shrub cover. DESCRIPTION This habitat type is associated with sandy coastal dunes occurring The understory generally consists of moderate to high diversity of along exposed and sometimes more sheltered coastline. Dunes are low shrubs, sedges and groundcovers. Understory diversity is often created by the deposition of dry sand particles from the beach by driven by the position and aspect of the dune slope. -
Gekko Japonicus)
Central Washington University ScholarWorks@CWU All Master's Theses Master's Theses Summer 2015 The Evolution of Sex Determination and the DMRT1 Gene in the Japanese Gecko (Gekko japonicus) Lisa-Marie Mullen Central Washington University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/etd Part of the Evolution Commons, and the Genetics Commons Recommended Citation Mullen, Lisa-Marie, "The Evolution of Sex Determination and the DMRT1 Gene in the Japanese Gecko (Gekko japonicus)" (2015). All Master's Theses. 229. https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/etd/229 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Master's Theses at ScholarWorks@CWU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@CWU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE EVOLUTION OF SEX DETERMINATION AND THE DMRT1 GENE IN THE JAPANESE GECKO (GEKKO JAPONICUS) __________________________________ A Thesis Presented to The Graduate Faculty Central Washington University ___________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science Biology ___________________________________ by Lisa-Marie Mullen August 2015 CENTRAL WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY Graduate Studies We hereby approve the thesis of Lisa-Marie Mullen Candidate for the degree of Master of Science APPROVED FOR THE GRADUATE FACULTY ______________ _________________________________________ Dr. Lixing Sun, Committee Chair ______________ _________________________________________ Dr. April Binder ______________ _________________________________________ Dr. Joseph Lorenz ______________ _________________________________________ Dr. Steven Wagner ______________ _________________________________________ Dean of Graduate Studies ii ABSTRACT THE EVOLUTION OF SEX DETERMINATION AND THE DMRT1 GENE IN THE JAPANESE GECKO (GEKKO JAPONICUS) By Lisa-Marie Mullen August 2015 There are different sex-determining mechanisms in our environment. -
Biodiversity Summary: Port Phillip and Westernport, Victoria
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
A Gecko of the Genus Gekko from Taka-Shima Island
Japanese Journal of Herpetology 12 (3): 127-130 ., Jun. 1988 (C) 1988 by The Herpetological Society of Japan In this paper, I report the external morphology A Gecko of the Genus Gekko of a female gecko with the same common from Taka-shima Island, Hirado, characteristics as the above geckos. The gecko was collected from Taka-shima Island (33°11'N, Nagasaki, Japan (Reptilia: Lac- 129°21'E, Fig. 1), Hirado, Nagasaki, Japan on ertilia) August 26, 1980. There has been no report on geckos from the island. Among the neigh- SHOJI TOKUNAGA boring islands, G. japonicus was found on Azuchio-shima Island, Ikitsuki-jima Is., Fukue- Abstract: A female gecko collected from Taka- jima Is., and Uku-jima Is. (Shibata, 1983; shima Island (33°11'N, 129°21'E) had characteristics Ikezaki, 1988). of both G. hokouensis and G. japonicus. It had The gecko was collected by the author in one pair of cloacal spurs, like G. hokouensis, and a room of a small shrine near (within 50m) the enlarged tubercles on the back of the body, the seashore. The snout-to-vent length, head width forearms, the crura, and the thighs, like G. japon- head length, and body weight measured in icus. These characteristics coincide with those of life were 63.1, 1.41, 17.9mm, and 6.35g, some geckos recorded from the Goto Islands and Danjo-gunto Islands. Although the published records respectively. The gecko had a regenerated tail. and specimens of more than 1,300 geckos belonging The length of the original and regenerated parts to G. -
Fauna of Australia 2A
FAUNA of AUSTRALIA 26. BIOGEOGRAPHY AND PHYLOGENY OF THE SQUAMATA Mark N. Hutchinson & Stephen C. Donnellan 26. BIOGEOGRAPHY AND PHYLOGENY OF THE SQUAMATA This review summarises the current hypotheses of the origin, antiquity and history of the order Squamata, the dominant living reptile group which comprises the lizards, snakes and worm-lizards. The primary concern here is with the broad relationships and origins of the major taxa rather than with local distributional or phylogenetic patterns within Australia. In our review of the phylogenetic hypotheses, where possible we refer principally to data sets that have been analysed by cladistic methods. Analyses based on anatomical morphological data sets are integrated with the results of karyotypic and biochemical data sets. A persistent theme of this chapter is that for most families there are few cladistically analysed morphological data, and karyotypic or biochemical data sets are limited or unavailable. Biogeographic study, especially historical biogeography, cannot proceed unless both phylogenetic data are available for the taxa and geological data are available for the physical environment. Again, the reader will find that geological data are very uncertain regarding the degree and timing of the isolation of the Australian continent from Asia and Antarctica. In most cases, therefore, conclusions should be regarded very cautiously. The number of squamate families in Australia is low. Five of approximately fifteen lizard families and five or six of eleven snake families occur in the region; amphisbaenians are absent. Opinions vary concerning the actual number of families recognised in the Australian fauna, depending on whether the Pygopodidae are regarded as distinct from the Gekkonidae, and whether sea snakes, Hydrophiidae and Laticaudidae, are recognised as separate from the Elapidae. -
Tracing the Evolution of Amniote Chromosomes
Chromosoma (2014) 123:201–216 DOI 10.1007/s00412-014-0456-y REVIEW Tracing the evolution of amniote chromosomes Janine E. Deakin & Tariq Ezaz Received: 20 December 2013 /Revised: 3 March 2014 /Accepted: 4 March 2014 /Published online: 25 March 2014 # The Author(s) 2014. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract A great deal of diversity in chromosome number birds and non-avian reptiles presents an opportunity to study and arrangement is observed across the amniote phylogeny. chromosome evolution to determine the timing and types of Understanding how this diversity is generated is important for events that shaped the chromosomes of extant amniote spe- determining the role of chromosomal rearrangements in gen- cies. This involves comparing chromosomes of different spe- erating phenotypic variation and speciation. Gaining this un- cies to reconstruct the most likely chromosome arrangement derstanding is achieved by reconstructing the ancestral ge- in a common ancestor. Tracing such events can provided great nome arrangement based on comparisons of genome organi- insight into the evolutionary process and even the role chro- zation of extant species. Ancestral karyotypes for several mosomal rearrangements play in phenotypic evolution and amniote lineages have been reconstructed, mainly from speciation. cross-species chromosome painting data. The availability of Reconstruction of ancestral karyotypes at various positions anchored whole genome sequences for amniote species has along the amniote (reptiles, birds and mammals) phylogenetic increased the evolutionary depth and confidence of ancestral tree has been made possible by the large number of cross- reconstructions from those made solely from chromosome species chromosome painting and gene mapping studies that painting data. -
Independent Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in Eublepharid Geckos, a Lineage with Environmental and Genotypic Sex Determination
life Article Independent Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in Eublepharid Geckos, A Lineage with Environmental and Genotypic Sex Determination Eleonora Pensabene , Lukáš Kratochvíl and Michail Rovatsos * Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12844 Prague, Czech Republic; [email protected] (E.P.); [email protected] (L.K.) * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] Received: 19 November 2020; Accepted: 7 December 2020; Published: 10 December 2020 Abstract: Geckos demonstrate a remarkable variability in sex determination systems, but our limited knowledge prohibits accurate conclusions on the evolution of sex determination in this group. Eyelid geckos (Eublepharidae) are of particular interest, as they encompass species with both environmental and genotypic sex determination. We identified for the first time the X-specific gene content in the Yucatán banded gecko, Coleonyx elegans, possessing X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y multiple sex chromosomes by comparative genome coverage analysis between sexes. The X-specific gene content of Coleonyx elegans was revealed to be partially homologous to genomic regions linked to the chicken autosomes 1, 6 and 11. A qPCR-based test was applied to validate a subset of X-specific genes by comparing the difference in gene copy numbers between sexes, and to explore the homology of sex chromosomes across eleven eublepharid, two phyllodactylid and one sphaerodactylid species. Homologous sex chromosomes are shared between Coleonyx elegans and Coleonyx mitratus, two species diverged approximately 34 million years ago, but not with other tested species. As far as we know, the X-specific gene content of Coleonyx elegans / Coleonyx mitratus was never involved in the sex chromosomes of other gecko lineages, indicating that the sex chromosomes in this clade of eublepharid geckos evolved independently. -
The Ecology of Lizard Reproductive Output
Global Ecology and Biogeography, (Global Ecol. Biogeogr.) (2011) ••, ••–•• RESEARCH The ecology of lizard reproductive PAPER outputgeb_700 1..11 Shai Meiri1*, James H. Brown2 and Richard M. Sibly3 1Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, ABSTRACT 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel, 2Department of Biology, Aim We provide a new quantitative analysis of lizard reproductive ecology. Com- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA and Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde parative studies of lizard reproduction to date have usually considered life-history Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA, 3School components separately. Instead, we examine the rate of production (productivity of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, hereafter) calculated as the total mass of offspring produced in a year. We test ReadingRG6 6AS, UK whether productivity is influenced by proxies of adult mortality rates such as insularity and fossorial habits, by measures of temperature such as environmental and body temperatures, mode of reproduction and activity times, and by environ- mental productivity and diet. We further examine whether low productivity is linked to high extinction risk. Location World-wide. Methods We assembled a database containing 551 lizard species, their phyloge- netic relationships and multiple life history and ecological variables from the lit- erature. We use phylogenetically informed statistical models to estimate the factors related to lizard productivity. Results Some, but not all, predictions of metabolic and life-history theories are supported. When analysed separately, clutch size, relative clutch mass and brood frequency are poorly correlated with body mass, but their product – productivity – is well correlated with mass. The allometry of productivity scales similarly to metabolic rate, suggesting that a constant fraction of assimilated energy is allocated to production irrespective of body size. -
A Phylogeny and Revised Classification of Squamata, Including 4161 Species of Lizards and Snakes
BMC Evolutionary Biology This Provisional PDF corresponds to the article as it appeared upon acceptance. Fully formatted PDF and full text (HTML) versions will be made available soon. A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes BMC Evolutionary Biology 2013, 13:93 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-93 Robert Alexander Pyron ([email protected]) Frank T Burbrink ([email protected]) John J Wiens ([email protected]) ISSN 1471-2148 Article type Research article Submission date 30 January 2013 Acceptance date 19 March 2013 Publication date 29 April 2013 Article URL http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/13/93 Like all articles in BMC journals, this peer-reviewed article can be downloaded, printed and distributed freely for any purposes (see copyright notice below). Articles in BMC journals are listed in PubMed and archived at PubMed Central. For information about publishing your research in BMC journals or any BioMed Central journal, go to http://www.biomedcentral.com/info/authors/ © 2013 Pyron et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes Robert Alexander Pyron 1* * Corresponding author Email: [email protected] Frank T Burbrink 2,3 Email: [email protected] John J Wiens 4 Email: [email protected] 1 Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, 2023 G St. -
ENCYCLOPEDIA of AUSTRALIAN REPTILES Allen E
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AUSTRALIAN REPTILES Allen E. Greer Herpetology Section Australian Museum 6 College St Sydney, NSW 2010 Introduction The Encyclopedia of Australian Reptiles is an attempt to summarise all the biological information on the reptiles of Australia that may be of interest to a general reader as of August 2006. It is intended for herpetologists and naturalists; students at a secondary, tertiary and post-graduate level; researchers, and bureaucrats involved with Australian reptiles. The Encyclopedia does not aid in the identification of Australian reptiles. For this, one of the many good Australia-wide or regional guides should be consulted. The Encyclopedia offers special assistance to New South Wales users (its ultimate supporters) in listing species that occur in this state in blue, whereas all other species are listed in red. Also, the only maps available to date are those for species that occur in New South Wales. Using the Encyclopedia The easiest way to use the Encyclopedia is to ‘word search’ it for the name of any taxonomic group, say a particular species, or any concept, say, ‘sexual dimorphism’. How to Cite the Encyclopedia The Encyclopedia should be cited as follows. Greer, A.E. 2006. Encyclopedia of Australian Reptiles. Australian Museum Online http://www.amonline.net.au/herpetology/research/encyclopedia.pdf Version date: 7 August 2006. Encyclopedia of Australian Reptiles - Gekkonidae Carphodactylus laevis Distribution. The species occurs in northeastern Queensland. Altitudinally, the species ranges from 150 to # m above sea level (Torr, 1998). Habitats. Seasonal activity. Daily activity. The gecko has been seen out in the open only at night (Schaffer and Tantar, 2005).