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The Hokkaido Dialect
The Hokkaido Dialect A Standardising Dialect? Michael Kleander Bachelor Thesis Lund University Japanese Studies Centre for languages and literature Spring 2018 Supervisor Shinichiro Ishihara ABSTRACT This thesis explores the standardisation process of the Hokkaido Dialect, a Japanese variety spoken on Japan’s northernmost island. This dialect, in turn, will be compared to the island of Okinawa and its regional equivalent Uchinaa-Yamatoguchi. These islands are parallel to each other as they share similar historical and political events. To investigate the standardisation process and to be able to compare it to Uchinaa-Yamatoguchi, a survey was conducted. The aim of the survey was to investigate the usage of Hokkaido Dialect and the users’ attitudes towards the dialect among three different generations of Dosankos, people from Hokkaido. This study concludes that the standardisation process has been long in the making but that it has slowed down over time. Furthermore, evidence shows that the young generation is more positive about the Hokkaido Dialect than past generations. Based on this, one can conclude that rather than standardising, the dialect is stabilising. Keywords: Hokkaido Dialect, Dosanko, Kokugo, standardisation, language attitudes, language ideology, Standard Japanese, Common Japanese, Okinawa, Uchinaa-Yamatoguch II ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to personally extend my deepest gratitude for everyone that has helped me with my thesis. My deepest thanks to everyone who spread my survey around to Dosankos across Hokkaido, and of course to everyone who took the survey. I would further like to extend my thanks to Maya, I could not have done this thesis without her help, support and the materials I could not have accessed without her. -
PIS the E-BARQ Questionnaire Will Take Approximately 20
05/10/2020 Qualtrics Survey Software English PIS The E-BARQ questionnaire will take approximately 20 - 30 minutes to complete. E-BARQ is voluntary and your information is confidential. If you answer all of the questions, you will receive a Share-&-Compare graph on completion. This graph will show you where your horse compares to the population on 14 different categories, including Trainability, Rideability, Social Confidence and so on. Please respond to all questions to receive your graph (which can be found on your E-BARQ dashboard (under the E-BARQ Results tab) , immediately on completion). Please click here to download the E-BARQ personal information statement. I have read and agreed to the Personal Information Statement and Terms and Conditions of the E-BARQ project. Yes No (this option will remove you from E-BARQ) https://sydney.qualtrics.com/Q/EditSection/Blocks/Ajax/GetSurveyPrintPreview?ContextSurveyID=SV_3dVyqziNawK514h&ContextLibraryID=U… 1/85 05/10/2020 Qualtrics Survey Software Your email address registered: ${e://Field/user} Is this your FIRST time completing an E-BARQ questionnaire? Select 'No' if you already have an E-BARQ Dashboard (have completed an E-BARQ for another horse). Yes No, I have completed an E-BARQ previously 1st E-BARQ Demographics Are you? In which country do you reside? https://sydney.qualtrics.com/Q/EditSection/Blocks/Ajax/GetSurveyPrintPreview?ContextSurveyID=SV_3dVyqziNawK514h&ContextLibraryID=U… 2/85 05/10/2020 Qualtrics Survey Software What is your age? Are you RIGHT or LEFT handed? Demographics Your horse's name: ${e://Field/horsename} Your horse's E-BARQ ID: ${e://Field/ebarqid} You are welcome to complete one E-BARQ for each horse that you own but this survey will refer only to the horse named here. -
List of Horse Breeds 1 List of Horse Breeds
List of horse breeds 1 List of horse breeds This page is a list of horse and pony breeds, and also includes terms used to describe types of horse that are not breeds but are commonly mistaken for breeds. While there is no scientifically accepted definition of the term "breed,"[1] a breed is defined generally as having distinct true-breeding characteristics over a number of generations; its members may be called "purebred". In most cases, bloodlines of horse breeds are recorded with a breed registry. However, in horses, the concept is somewhat flexible, as open stud books are created for developing horse breeds that are not yet fully true-breeding. Registries also are considered the authority as to whether a given breed is listed as Light or saddle horse breeds a "horse" or a "pony". There are also a number of "color breed", sport horse, and gaited horse registries for horses with various phenotypes or other traits, which admit any animal fitting a given set of physical characteristics, even if there is little or no evidence of the trait being a true-breeding characteristic. Other recording entities or specialty organizations may recognize horses from multiple breeds, thus, for the purposes of this article, such animals are classified as a "type" rather than a "breed". The breeds and types listed here are those that already have a Wikipedia article. For a more extensive list, see the List of all horse breeds in DAD-IS. Heavy or draft horse breeds For additional information, see horse breed, horse breeding and the individual articles listed below. -
An Historical Perspective on Animal Power Use in South Africa
An historicalAnimal traction perspective in South Africa: empowering on animal rural communities power use in South Africa by Bruce Joubert Early reports Company to establish a replenishment station The first known reports of animal traction in for their ships, which plied between Europe and South Africa come from the early European the far East. The Dutch, in Holland, used explorers and date back to as early as 1488, mainly draft horses to pull their carts, wagons when Bartholomeu Dias first sighted the Cape and farm implements. Owing to the nature of and named the bay where he made his land fall sea travel in those days van Riebeeck brought Angra dos Vaqueiros, which means `Bay of no horses or carts with him. Furthermore he Cowherds' (Burman, 1988). brought no long-term supplies of food, as the Dutch East India Company expected his people The western and south-western Cape was at to grow their own grain and vegetables and to that time inhabited by the `Khoi-khoi' who barter animals from the Khoi-khoi. For belonged to the same racial group as the bartering purposes they offered copper wire, `Bushmen'. Early Dutch settlers named these copper plates, beads, tobacco and liquor in people `Hottentots' after their language, which exchange for cattle and fat-tailed sheep. The had many clicks. The Khoi-khoi were building of the first European settlement was pastoralists and kept large herds of cattle and achieved largely using human power, although sheep. They were semi-nomadic and moved a few oxen bartered from the Khoi-khoi were about within a large but defined area as the used to pull a carpenter's cart. -
Electronic Supplementary Material - Appendices
1 Electronic Supplementary Material - Appendices 2 Appendix 1. Full breed list, listed alphabetically. Breeds searched (* denotes those identified with inherited disorders) # Breed # Breed # Breed # Breed 1 Ab Abyssinian 31 BF Black Forest 61 Dul Dülmen Pony 91 HP Highland Pony* 2 Ak Akhal Teke 32 Boe Boer 62 DD Dutch Draft 92 Hok Hokkaido 3 Al Albanian 33 Bre Breton* 63 DW Dutch Warmblood 93 Hol Holsteiner* 4 Alt Altai 34 Buc Buckskin 64 EB East Bulgarian 94 Huc Hucul 5 ACD American Cream Draft 35 Bud Budyonny 65 Egy Egyptian 95 HW Hungarian Warmblood 6 ACW American Creme and White 36 By Byelorussian Harness 66 EP Eriskay Pony 96 Ice Icelandic* 7 AWP American Walking Pony 37 Cam Camargue* 67 EN Estonian Native 97 Io Iomud 8 And Andalusian* 38 Camp Campolina 68 ExP Exmoor Pony 98 ID Irish Draught 9 Anv Andravida 39 Can Canadian 69 Fae Faeroes Pony 99 Jin Jinzhou 10 A-K Anglo-Kabarda 40 Car Carthusian 70 Fa Falabella* 100 Jut Jutland 11 Ap Appaloosa* 41 Cas Caspian 71 FP Fell Pony* 101 Kab Kabarda 12 Arp Araappaloosa 42 Cay Cayuse 72 Fin Finnhorse* 102 Kar Karabair 13 A Arabian / Arab* 43 Ch Cheju 73 Fl Fleuve 103 Kara Karabakh 14 Ard Ardennes 44 CC Chilean Corralero 74 Fo Fouta 104 Kaz Kazakh 15 AC Argentine Criollo 45 CP Chincoteague Pony 75 Fr Frederiksborg 105 KPB Kerry Bog Pony 16 Ast Asturian 46 CB Cleveland Bay 76 Fb Freiberger* 106 KM Kiger Mustang 17 AB Australian Brumby 47 Cly Clydesdale* 77 FS French Saddlebred 107 KP Kirdi Pony 18 ASH Australian Stock Horse 48 CN Cob Normand* 78 FT French Trotter 108 KF Kisber Felver 19 Az Azteca -
High Horses Horses, Class and Socio-Economic Change in South Africa1
Chapter 7 ❈ High Horses Horses, Class and Socio-economic Change in South Africa1 ‘Things are in the Saddle and ride mankind.’ 2 n the first half of the twentieth century there was a seismic shift in the Irelationship between horses and humans in commercial South Africa as ‘horsepower’ stopped implying equine military-agricultural potential and came to mean 746 watts of power.3 By the 1940s the South African horse industry faced a crisis. There was an over-production of horses, exacerbated by restrictions imposed by the Second World War, which rendered export to international markets difficult.4 Farm mechanisation was proceeding apace and vehicle numbers were doubling every decade.5 As the previous chapter has shown, there were doomed attempts to slow the relentless mechanisation of state transport. As late as 1949 the Horse and Mule Breeders Association issued a desperate appeal to the minister of railways and transport to stall mechanisation and use animal transport wherever possible.6 Futile efforts were made to reorientate the industry towards slaughtering horses for ‘native consumption’ or sending chilled equine meat to Belgium.7 Remount Services had been transferred to the Department of Agriculture, a significant bureaucratic step reflecting the final acknowledgement of equine superfluity to the modern military. As the previous chapter discussed, the so-called ‘Cinderella of the livestock industry’ had to reinvent itself to survive.8 A new breed of horses thus entered the landscape of the platteland: the American Saddlebred.9 Unlike the horses that had preceded them, these creatures were show horses. The breed was noted for its showy action in all Riding High 07.indd 171 2010/05/31 12:04 PM Riding High paces, its swanlike neck with ‘aristocratic arch’ and its uplifted tail. -
2015 49Th Congress, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
Applied ethology 2015: Ethology for sustainable society ISAE2015 Proceedings of the 49th Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology 14-17 September 2015, Sapporo Hokkaido, Japan Ethology for sustainable society edited by: Takeshi Yasue Shuichi Ito Shigeru Ninomiya Katsuji Uetake Shigeru Morita Wageningen Academic Publishers Buy a print copy of this book at: www.WageningenAcademic.com/ISAE2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned. Nothing from this publication may be translated, reproduced, stored in a computerised system or published in any form or in any manner, including electronic, mechanical, reprographic or photographic, without prior written permission from the publisher: Wageningen Academic Publishers P.O. Box 220 EAN: 9789086862719 6700 AE Wageningen e-EAN: 9789086868179 The Netherlands ISBN: 978-90-8686-271-9 www.WageningenAcademic.com e-ISBN: 978-90-8686-817-9 [email protected] DOI: 10.3920/978-90-8686-817-9 The individual contributions in this publication and any liabilities arising from them remain First published, 2015 the responsibility of the authors. The publisher is not responsible for possible © Wageningen Academic Publishers damages, which could be a result of content The Netherlands, 2015 derived from this publication. ‘Sustainability for animals, human life and the Earth’ On behalf of the Organizing Committee of the 49th Congress of ISAE 2015, I would like to say fully welcome for all of you attendances to come to this Congress at Hokkaido, Japan! Now a day, our animals, that is, domestic, laboratory, zoo, companion, pest and captive animals or managed wild animals, and our life are facing to lots of problems. -
Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China
Country Report for the Preparation of the First Report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China June 2003 Beijing CONTENTS Executive Summary Biological diversity is the basis for the existence and development of human society and has aroused the increasing great attention of international society. In June 1992, more than 150 countries including China had jointly signed the "Pact of Biological Diversity". Domestic animal genetic resources are an important component of biological diversity, precious resources formed through long-term evolution, and also the closest and most direct part of relation with human beings. Therefore, in order to realize a sustainable, stable and high-efficient animal production, it is of great significance to meet even higher demand for animal and poultry product varieties and quality by human society, strengthen conservation, and effective, rational and sustainable utilization of animal and poultry genetic resources. The "Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the "World Status of Animal Genetic Resource " compiled by the FAO. The Ministry of Agriculture" (MOA) has attached great importance to the compilation of the Report, organized nearly 20 experts from administrative, technical extension, research institutes and universities to participate in the compilation team. In 1999, the first meeting of the compilation staff members had been held in the National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, discussed on the compilation outline and division of labor in the Report compilation, and smoothly fulfilled the tasks to each of the compilers. -
The Breeding Value of Wielkopolski Horses Belonging to Particular
ISSN 1644-0714 ISSN 2300-6145 (online) www.asp.zut.edu.pl Acta Sci. Pol. Zootechnica 14(1) 2015, 77–90 THE BREEDING VALUE OF WIELKOPOLSKI HORSES BELONGING TO PARTICULAR STALLION LINEAGES IN THE SUCCESSIVE VOLUME OF THE STUD BOOK, AS EVIDENCED BY THEIR BODY CONFORMATION AND PERFORMANCE TRAITS Marian Kapron´1, Elzbieta˙ Czerniak1, Marek Łukaszewicz2, Agata Danielewicz1 1Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities 2Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding in Jastrz˛ebiec Abstract. The study of the body conformation and performance traits of the 11 376 Wielkopolski horses registered in the six successive volumes of the Stud book iden- tified 24 principal stallion lineages [subsequently divided into 4 origin groups (li- neage types – “Trak./East–Pruss”, (Trakehner/East–Prussian), “Han.” (Hanoverian), “xx” and “o/xo”] which comprised 10 630 horses. The particular lineages were repre- sented by highly different numbers of horses, with a tendency for some of them to gradually decline (“Trak./East–Pruss.” type), stagnate (“o/xo”) or distinctly progress (“xx” and “Han.”). A considerable number of statistically significant differences were found in the mean values of the body conformation and performance trait indices of the analysed horses (chiefly at P < 0.01) between the lineage origin groups, which suggests a high degree of breeding influence on the development of Wielkopolski performance traits. Moreover, emphasis was laid on the evident need for maintaining the existing lineages in the Wielkopolski subpopulation covered by the gene -
4 Day a Week School Classes Underway
34th Year, No. 50 Ph. 814-683-4841 P.O. BOX 451, LINESVILLE, PA 16424 [email protected] Monday, February 1, 2021 • CNRP ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS, LINESVILLE! • CONNEAUTVILLE BORO MAY BUILD NEW OFFICE! Community News changes noted, hard copy Feb. 8 4 day a week school Due to the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 virus, Community News, has changed to an online/hard copy publication schedule through February with decisions at that time about returning to a weekly hard copy edition. classes underway Community News will offer a free online edition of Community News on Monday, January 4, 2021, Starting today, Monday, Febru- ten. the hard copy edition on Monday, January 11, 2021, then online editions on January 18, January 25, and ary 1, all Conneaut schools are re- Additionally, if you, or anyone February 1, with a hard copy edition Monday, February 8. Online editions will continue then through turning to full attendance Monday in your household, is symptomatic, the rest of February. through Thursday while Friday awaiting test results, or have had a Hard copy editions will carry many of the online edition stories and advertising for those who may will continue to be a virtual day for positive test, please contact your have been unable to read the online editions. students. This will also allow for school nurse to let them know. deep cleaning of buildings. Some extra runs to keep buses The Community News ON-LINE editions can be viewed simply by typing in Again, all students will attend as un-crowded as possible, extra each day, Monday through Thurs- lunch periods and/or using gyms communitynewslinesville.com day and virtually from home on for lunches as well are planned. -
South 4Fric4 (1400-1881)
Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies, Vol 7, Nr 4, 1977. http://scientiamilitaria.journals.ac.za ~ILIT 4RY USE OF 4~1~4LS ~ SOUTH 4FRIC4 (1400-1881) LT ~c:GILL .4.LEX.4.~[)E~* Introduction credibly tough Cape Horse. This new breed was also known as the 'Hantam'.1 The extent to which military operations de- pended on animals prior to the gradual From the Cape Horse two indegenous breeds mechanisation of armed forces which has were developed as the horse, with the white \ taken place this century, is seldom fully settlers, spread further east and north. These' appreciated by the soldier in a modern army. were the 'Boerperd', which accompanied the In South Africa, with its relatively short Voortrekkers on the Great Trek, and the Ba- history profusely studded with bellige- suto Pony.2 rent actions ranging from internecine tribal squabbles through riots, rebellions, civil Responses of the non.white races to horses wars, invasions and conquests to inter- national conflicts, animals have played a sig- The introduction of mounted soldiers into nificant role in the conduct of military affairs. South Africa had an electrifying effect on the The varied topography and climate of the non-white races. Together with their use of sub-continent has enabled animals to be guns, it was this factor which gave the utilized under many conditions which have whites almost constant military superiority taxed their capabilities in various fields to over them. Yet, curiously, it was only the the utmost. Basuto who, in later years, adopted the horse on a large scale, and even then not as a com- It is the aim of this paper to examine bat animal. -
Posicionamiento Genético De La Raza Equina Hispano- Bretón
Actas Iberoamericanas de Conservación Animal AICA 5 (2015) 70-77 POSICIONAMIENTO GENÉTICO DE LA RAZA EQUINA HISPANO- BRETÓN GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE HISPANO-BRETON HORSE BREED Cortés O.1*, Vega-Pla J.L.2, Berruezo A.3, Chomon N.4, Oom M.M.5, Dunner S.1, Delgado J.V.6, Gama L.7, Ginja C.5, Jordana J.8, Landi V.6,9, Luís C.5,10, Martín-Burriel I.11, Martínez A.M.6,9, Zaragoza P.11, Cañón J.1, BioHorse Consortium12 1Departamento de Producción Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid. España. *[email protected] 2Laboratorio de Investigación Aplicada. Ministerio de Defensa. España. 3Consejería de Desarrollo Rural, Ganadería, Pesca y Biodiversidad. Santander. España. 4Centro de Selección y Reproducción Animal (CENSYRA). Cantabria. 5CE3C – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal. 6Universidad de Córdoba, España. 7CIISA – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. 8Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, España. 9Animal Breeding Consulting S.L. España. 10Centro Interuniversitário de História das Ciências e da Tecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. 11Universidad de Zaragoza, España. 12BioHorse Consortium: http://biohorse.jimdo.com/ Keywords: Hispano-Breton Abstract horse breed The Hispano-Breton equine breed is located in the North of the Iberian Peninsula Genetic diversity and currently is an endangered breed. In order to analyze the genetic variability of Genetic the Hispano-Breton horse breed and its genetic relationships with other horse breeds relationship located in the Iberian Peninsula a total of 25 autosomal microsatellites have been Molecular markers analyzed in 30 samples of the Hispano-Breton horse breed and in an additional 20 Iberian horse horse breeds that represent a comprehensive sampling of current Iberian Peninsula breeds horse breeds.