Potash Sulfurated 1
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Evaluating the Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Potassium Carbonate and the Interactive Effects Between Sodium and Potassium on Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Master's Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Fall 2020 Evaluating the acute and chronic toxicity of potassium carbonate and the interactive effects between sodium and potassium on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Ashutosh Rao University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis Recommended Citation Rao, Ashutosh, "Evaluating the acute and chronic toxicity of potassium carbonate and the interactive effects between sodium and potassium on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)" (2020). Master's Theses and Capstones. 1395. https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis/1395 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses and Capstones by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Evaluating the acute and chronic toxicity of potassium carbonate and the interactive effects between sodium and potassium on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) By Ashutosh Rao BS in Marine, Freshwater, & Estuarine Biology, University of New Hampshire, 2017 THESIS Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences: Marine Biology September 2020 i This thesis was examined and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master’s in Biological Sciences: Marine Biology by: Thesis/Dissertation Director, Dr. Elizabeth Fairchild, Research Associate Professor in Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire Dr. Todd Guerdat, Assistant Professor of Agricultural Engineering, University of New Hampshire Dr. -
Ryflor™ Chemical Compatibility List
Chemical Compatibility List The following information is based on known chemical compatibility data for RyFlor™, and should only be considered as reference. Further laboratory tests may be required to verify the compatibility of a particular chemical with expanded RyFlor™ products. Chemicals Compatible with RyFlor™ Acetaldehyde Barium Sulfide Cetane (Hexadecane) Acetamide Beer Chloric Acid Acetic Acid Benzaldehyde Chlorinated Water Acetic Anhydride Benzene Chlorine Acetone Benzoic Acid Chlorine Dioxide Acetophenone Benzonitrile Chloroacetic Acid Acetylene Benzyl Alcohol Chlorobenzene Acrylic Anhydride Benzyl Chloride Chloroethylene Adipic Acid Black Liquor (Sulfate Chloroform Allyl Acetate Liquor) Chlorosulfonic Acid Allyl Alcohol Borax Chromic Acid Allyl Chloride Boric Acid Chromic Anhydride Aluminum Chloride Brine Citric Acid Aluminum Flouride Bromine Copper Acetate Aluminum Hydroxide Butadiene Copper Chloride Aluminum Nitrate Butane Copper Fluoride Aluminum Potassium Butyl Acetate Copper Sulfate Sulfate (Alum) Butyl Alcohol (Butanol) Cottonseed Oil Aluminum Sulfate Butyl Amine Creosote Ammonia Butyl Chloride Cresols (Cresylic Acid) Ammonium Carbonate Butyl Ether Crude Oil Ammonium Chloride Butyl Phthalate Cyanic Acid Ammonium Fluoride Butyl Methacrylate Cyclohexane Ammonium Hydroxide Butylene Cyclohexanol Ammonium Nitrate Butyric Acid Cyclohexanone Ammonium Phosphate Calcium Bisulfite Dibutyl Phthalate Ammonium Sulfate Calcium Chloride Dichlorobenzen Amyl Acetate Calcium Hydroxide Dichloroethane Amyl Alcohol Calcium Hypochlorite Dichloroethylene -
United States Patent (19) (11) 4,078,917 Swanson 45) Mar
United States Patent (19) (11) 4,078,917 Swanson 45) Mar. 14, 1978 54 EXTRACTION OF ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE from antimony sulfide ore concentrate by solubility FROMANTIMONY SULFDE ORE differential of the trioxide in lower alkanol solutions of 76 Inventor: Rollan Swanson, The Baker House, sodium or potassium hydroxide and wherein the total 220 California Ave., Santa Monica, amount of water contained in the concentrate, the alka Calif. 95405 nol and the hydroxide is not more than 26.52 volume percent of the antimony sulfide content; which process (21) Appl. No.: 652,093 includes treating the ore in the absence of substantial (22) Filed: Jan. 26, 1976 amounts of air with an alkanol solution containing an excess of sodium or potassium hydroxide, basis Sb2S3 51) Int. Cl’.............................................. C22B 30/02 content in the ore; separating also, in the absence of 52 U.S. C. .................................... 7.5/101 R; 7.5/108; substantial amounts of air, insoluble concentrate mate 75/121; 42.3/87; 423/617 rial from a filtrate composed of water, alkanol, hydrox 58) Field of Search ..................... 75/101 R, 121, 108; ide and sulfide of potassium or sodium, antimony triox 423/87, 617 ide trihydrate, sodium or potassium dihydro pyroan (56) References Cited timonite; repeatedly extracting the insoluble material U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS with the filtrate also in the absence of substantial 796,849 8/1905 MacArthur ........................ 75/121 X amounts of air; allowing the filtrate to settle so as to 975,148 ill/1910 Masson .................................. 75/121 form a precipitate of antimony trioxide and sodium or 1,548,854 8/1925 Schleicher . -
Research Module: Scheme 2A. N-Benzylation Using Benzyl Bromide 63
Research Module: Scheme 2A. N-Benzylation Using Benzyl Bromide 63 O Scheme 2 Option O Methanol Solvent NH N-Benzylation + Br NH2 N via Alkyl Halide 1 K2CO3 Workup NH 8 R1 R1 (0.139g/mmol) 6a-e Synthesis of 3a-e Benzyl Bromide N-Benzyl 171 g/mol N-Benzyl 1.438 g/ml Pyrazolidinone Pyrazolidinones 119 ml/mol Scheme 2 Part A: Redissolve in Methanol 1. Turn hot plate to 5. 2. To the flask with your product 3 from Scheme 1, attach a condener with gentle water flow. 3. Add 15 mL of methanol. • For 4-methoxy compoud 3c, you may need to add 20 mL of methanol, since the 4-methoxy substrates is probably less soluble. 4. Heat the mixture on the hot plate with the stirrer at 6 until the material dissolves and becomes completely homogeneous. Once it’s dissolved, reduce the hot plate setting to 4. • If the stir bar isn’t coming free even after several minutes, you may wish to detach the condenser and poke the stir-bar free with a spatula • Make sure that there aren’t chunks or blobs of undissolved material on the outside. Everything needs to be dissolved. 5. Calculate 0.9 equivalents of benzyl bromide. Calculate how many mL of benzyl bromide (119 mL/mol) you need to add 0.90 mmol benzyl bromide per mmol of 3. In other words, if you have 20.0 mmol of 3c, how many mL of benzaldehyde will it take to provide 18.0 mmol? • You need to know how many mmol of reactant 3 you are working with. -
Safety Data Sheet - Patina Gel Revision 11/14/2016
Safety Data Sheet - Patina Gel Revision 11/14/2016 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product name: Patina Gel / Sulfurated Potash 39365-88-3 CAS #: 39365-88-3 Manufacturer: Cool Tools 945 N. Parkway St Jefferson, WI 53549 Telephone: 888-478-5060 Fax: 262-546-5275 Emergency Phone #: Chemtrec USA & Canada 800-424-9300 International 703-527-38 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION GHSClassification Acute Toxicity, Oral (Category 3) Skin Irritation (Category 2) Serious Eye Irritation (Category 2) GH3 Label elements, including precautionary statements Signal Word: Warning Hazard statement(s) H303 May be harmful if swallowed. H315 Causes skin irritation. H320 Causes eye irritation. Precautionary statement(s) P264 Wash hands, face and clothing after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well ventilated area. P280 Wear protective gloves/clothing/eye protection P305 & P351 If in eyes, rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. P338 Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P312 Call a poison center/doctor if you feel unwell. HMIS Classification NFPA Classification Health hazard: 2 Health hazard: 2 Contact: 1 Reactivity: 0 Flammability 0 Flammability: 0 Physical hazards: 2 Personal B Distributed by: Cool Tools 945 N Parkway St Jefferson, WI 53549 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Synonyms: Liver of Sulfur, Sulfurated potassa, hepar sulfuris Potassium Trisulfide CAS No. 37488-75-8: 6.25% Potassium Thiosulfate Hydrated CAS No. 10294-66-3: 18.75% Glycerin CAS No. 56-81-5: 75% 4. FIRST AID MEASURES Inhalation: Not likely to occur except as a mist. -
Spe-128 the Catalysis of Potassium Carbonate Solutions in Carbon Dioxide Absorption
SPE-128 THE CATALYSIS OF POTASSIUM CARBONATE SOLUTIONS IN CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORPTION By A. G. Eickmeyer, Chemical Engineering Consultant Prairie Village, Kansas ABS~:RACT bing. The activity o£ hot potassium car THEORY AND DEPINITIONS Downloaded from http://onepetro.org/speatce/proceedings-pdf/61fm/all-61fm/spe-128-ms/2087284/spe-128-ms.pdf by guest on 01 October 2021 bonate solutions has been £ound to be a function of contaminants, having a de The absorption of an acid gas in leterious effect, and catalysts, which any alkaline solution is classed as activate the solution. A small amount chemi-sorption, that is, absorption ll of "Catacarb catalyst cancels the e£ accompanied by chemical reaction. The £ect o£ contamination and larger amounts rate o£ chemical reaction determines give a much more active solution than the size of the towers required by the pure potassium carbonate. In commercial process. plant tests in existing carbonate Unlike caustic, a carbonate solu plants, the Catacarb Process resulted tion has very few hydroxyl ions to re in increased capacity, reduced steam act directly with CO , Therefore, it usaze, and less residual CO , In 2 2 is believed that CO2 must £irst become new plant construction, ~ ss equipment ·hydrated, or react with water to £orm and utility requirements o£ the Catacarb carbonic acid, which in turn reacts Process permit savings in capital in with a carbonate ion to form two bi vestment and operating costs. carbonate ions. INTRODUC '1'1 ON (1) CO2 • H2 0 = H2 CO 3 The hot potassium carbonate £r~cess, developed by the Bureau o£ Mines, ,-, has been applied extensively in recent years to CO 2 removal in the puri£ica Con£irmation o£ the reaction with tion of hydrogen and natural Gas. -
Chemical List
1 EXHIBIT 1 2 CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION LIST 3 4 1. Pyrophoric Chemicals 5 1.1. Aluminum alkyls: R3Al, R2AlCl, RAlCl2 6 Examples: Et3Al, Et2AlCl, EtAlCl2, Me3Al, Diethylethoxyaluminium 7 1.2. Grignard Reagents: RMgX (R=alkyl, aryl, vinyl X=halogen) 8 1.3. Lithium Reagents: RLi (R = alkyls, aryls, vinyls) 9 Examples: Butyllithium, Isobutyllithium, sec-Butyllithium, tert-Butyllithium, 10 Ethyllithium, Isopropyllithium, Methyllithium, (Trimethylsilyl)methyllithium, 11 Phenyllithium, 2-Thienyllithium, Vinyllithium, Lithium acetylide ethylenediamine 12 complex, Lithium (trimethylsilyl)acetylide, Lithium phenylacetylide 13 1.4. Zinc Alkyl Reagents: RZnX, R2Zn 14 Examples: Et2Zn 15 1.5. Metal carbonyls: Lithium carbonyl, Nickel tetracarbonyl, Dicobalt octacarbonyl 16 1.6. Metal powders (finely divided): Bismuth, Calcium, Cobalt, Hafnium, Iron, 17 Magnesium, Titanium, Uranium, Zinc, Zirconium 18 1.7. Low Valent Metals: Titanium dichloride 19 1.8. Metal hydrides: Potassium Hydride, Sodium hydride, Lithium Aluminum Hydride, 20 Diethylaluminium hydride, Diisobutylaluminum hydride 21 1.9. Nonmetal hydrides: Arsine, Boranes, Diethylarsine, diethylphosphine, Germane, 22 Phosphine, phenylphosphine, Silane, Methanetellurol (CH3TeH) 23 1.10. Non-metal alkyls: R3B, R3P, R3As; Tributylphosphine, Dichloro(methyl)silane 24 1.11. Used hydrogenation catalysts: Raney nickel, Palladium, Platinum 25 1.12. Activated Copper fuel cell catalysts, e.g. Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 26 1.13. Finely Divided Sulfides: Iron Sulfides (FeS, FeS2, Fe3S4), and Potassium Sulfide 27 (K2S) 28 REFERRAL -
Possible Hazards for CHEM-101 Introduction to Chemistry
Possible Hazards for CHEM-101 Introduction to Chemistry This list of substances represents the possible hazards currently identified for this course; however, substitutions or additions are possible. Do not assume a substance is safe if it is not listed. You will be notified of changes as soon as they are available. If you are aware of any known allergies or sensitivities to chemicals, please let your professor know prior to the first lab class. Gold Metal 6M Sodium Hydroxide Granular Zinc 0.1 M Barium Chloride Hardness Test Tablets 0.1 M Barium Nitrate Hexamethylenedamine 0.1 M Calcium Chloride hexane 0.1 M Calcium Nitrate Household Ammonia 0.1 M Cobalt Chloride household vinegar 0.1 M Cobalt Nitrate Hydrogen Peroxide 3% 0.1 M Lithium Chloride Iodine powder 0.1 M Magnesium Chloride Iron Sulfate 0.1 M Magnesium Sulfate Iron Tablets 0.1 M Potassium Iodide latex, red, blue, white 0.1 M Potassium Nitrate lemon juice 0.1 M Strontium Chloride Lithium Chloride 0.1M Ammonium Hydroxide Magnesium Chloride 0.1M and 2M Sodium Hydroxide Magnesium Metal 0.1M Copper Chloride Magnesium metal strips Chloride Test tablets Manganese Dioxide Citric Acid milk of magnesia Cobalt Chloride Mossy Zinc Metal Concentrated Nitric Acid Mr. Clean Copper Sulfate Muriatic Acid (HCl) Copper Test Tablets Nickel Chloride Copper Wire Nitrate tablets Cupric Nitrate Oxalic Acid food coloring pH buffer 10 Fructose pH buffer 4 pH buffer 7 pH Tablets polyvinyl alcohol Potassium Iodide Salt 0.1M Copper Sulfate 0.1M Hydrochloric Acid 0.1M Hydrochloric Acid 0.1M Magnesium Chloride 0.1M Phosphoric Acid 0.1M Sodium Hydroxide 0.2M Sodium Hydroxide 1% alcoholic phenolphthalein 10% Hydrochloric Acid 3.5% Sea water 5% borax 5% Sodium Hydroxide 6M Sulfuric Acid Acetone Albumin Alka-Seltzer tablets Aluminum metal Ascorbic Acid aspirin tablets Caffeine Calcium Chloride Calcium Hydroxide Calcium Oxide Calcium w/Vit D Carbon 100% Alcohol 1M Sulfuric Acid Updated: August 23, 2019 ss Complete List of Chemicals These chemicals are stored in an adjacent area. -
Cotton Response to Foliar Application of Potassium Compounds at Different Ph Levels
Arkansas Cotton Response to Foliar Application of Potassium Compounds at Different pH Levels By M. A. Chang and D. M. Oosterhuis The pH of potassium (K) solutions used in foliar fertilization of cotton has a major effect on leaf burn, leaf expansion, K uptake by leaves, movement to the bolls, and lint yield. Leaf burn was decreased, while K concentration of plant organs and lint yield were increased at neutral to acidic pHs. WIDESPREAD K deficiencies have Table 1. Standard (S) and adjusted (A) pHs of K been reported across the U.S. Cotton Belt. solutions prepared to deliver 4.4 lb K 0/A in 10 gallons of water. These deficiencies are associated with the 2 introduction of early-maturing, short- season cultivars with higher fruit loads. K compound Standard (S) Aadjuste d (A) Deficiencies can be corrected by soil or KN03 9.4 4.0 foliar applications of K. Soil application at KCI §A 4.0 mid-to-late season may be less beneficial K S0 9.9 4.0 because of inefficient K uptake by the root 2 4 K2S203 6.8 4.0 system during boll development. K2C03 11.6 7.0 KOH 13.6 7.0 Foliar applications have the advantage KHCO3 8.2 _i of rapid absorption into the leaf and effi CH3COOK 8.3 _i cient movement to the developing bolls. 1 However, the response to foliar fertili Not adjusted due to excessive volume of buffer needed. zation with K has been inconsistent. Research in Tennessee has indicated four times with a carbon dioxide - pres that lowering the pH of foliar-applied sured backpack sprayer at 4.4 lb K 0/A at potassium nitrate (KN0 ) solutions 2 3 weekly intervals starting two weeks after increases K absorption by the leaf. -
Salting out Ethanol from Water
NCSU – Dept. of Chemistry – Lecture Demonstrations Organic Chemistry Salting Out Ethanol from Water Description: A mixture of ethanol and water is made immiscible by the addition of potassium carbonate. Materials: Deionized water Test tubes Ethanol Bromothymol blue K2CO 3 1 M HCl Procedure: 1. Prepare a large test tube with 10 mL ethanol, 10 mL water, a few drops of bromothymol blue indicator and one drop of 1 M HCl. The solution is homogeneous and yellow. 2. Add 3 g of K 2CO 3 to a second test tube and pour the solution from step 1 into this test tube. The test tube is sealed with a rubber stopper and mixed thoroughly with shaking. At this point the solution will become biphasic and the organic phase will be blue. Alternatively, this reaction can be scaled up in large graduated cylinders. NCSU – Dept. of Chemistry – Lecture Demonstrations Organic Chemistry Discussion: Water and ethanol are miscible due to their existing intermolecular forces, the strongest of those being hydrogen bonding. As an electrolyte (in this case K 2CO 3) is added to water, the solvation of the electrolyte makes water unavailable to hydrogen bond with ethanol. The solubility of ethanol decreases as a result of the lack of hydrogen bonding interactions with water. As a result, the organic dye which was initially yellow due to the acidic solution is absorbed into the organic phase with ethanol and becomes blue. Safety: Ethanol is flammable and should be kept away from any open flames. Disposal: The resulting mixture should be flushed down the drain with plenty of water. -
Chemical Names and CAS Numbers Final
Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number C3H8O 1‐propanol C4H7BrO2 2‐bromobutyric acid 80‐58‐0 GeH3COOH 2‐germaacetic acid C4H10 2‐methylpropane 75‐28‐5 C3H8O 2‐propanol 67‐63‐0 C6H10O3 4‐acetylbutyric acid 448671 C4H7BrO2 4‐bromobutyric acid 2623‐87‐2 CH3CHO acetaldehyde CH3CONH2 acetamide C8H9NO2 acetaminophen 103‐90‐2 − C2H3O2 acetate ion − CH3COO acetate ion C2H4O2 acetic acid 64‐19‐7 CH3COOH acetic acid (CH3)2CO acetone CH3COCl acetyl chloride C2H2 acetylene 74‐86‐2 HCCH acetylene C9H8O4 acetylsalicylic acid 50‐78‐2 H2C(CH)CN acrylonitrile C3H7NO2 Ala C3H7NO2 alanine 56‐41‐7 NaAlSi3O3 albite AlSb aluminium antimonide 25152‐52‐7 AlAs aluminium arsenide 22831‐42‐1 AlBO2 aluminium borate 61279‐70‐7 AlBO aluminium boron oxide 12041‐48‐4 AlBr3 aluminium bromide 7727‐15‐3 AlBr3•6H2O aluminium bromide hexahydrate 2149397 AlCl4Cs aluminium caesium tetrachloride 17992‐03‐9 AlCl3 aluminium chloride (anhydrous) 7446‐70‐0 AlCl3•6H2O aluminium chloride hexahydrate 7784‐13‐6 AlClO aluminium chloride oxide 13596‐11‐7 AlB2 aluminium diboride 12041‐50‐8 AlF2 aluminium difluoride 13569‐23‐8 AlF2O aluminium difluoride oxide 38344‐66‐0 AlB12 aluminium dodecaboride 12041‐54‐2 Al2F6 aluminium fluoride 17949‐86‐9 AlF3 aluminium fluoride 7784‐18‐1 Al(CHO2)3 aluminium formate 7360‐53‐4 1 of 75 Chemical Abstract Chemical Formula Chemical Name Service (CAS) Number Al(OH)3 aluminium hydroxide 21645‐51‐2 Al2I6 aluminium iodide 18898‐35‐6 AlI3 aluminium iodide 7784‐23‐8 AlBr aluminium monobromide 22359‐97‐3 AlCl aluminium monochloride -
POTASH by James P
POTASH By James P. Searls Domestic survey data and tables were prepared by Joseph M. Krisanda, statistical assistant, and the world production table was prepared by Linder Roberts, international data coordinator. Potash denotes a variety of mined and manufactured salts, all photography, some fire extinguishers, animal feed supplements, containing the element potassium in water-soluble form. At the and as a catalyst for synthetic rubber manufacture. Generally, end of the 19th century, potash was made from hardwood trees these uses have accounted for no more than about 10% of and was a mixture of potassium carbonate and potassium annual consumption in the United States. hydroxide, both of which are caustic. Lye meant sodium hydroxide, and potash lye was potassium hydroxide, a higher Production grade product that made a better (softer, facial) grade of soap. Since approximately 1950, the term potash has been used to Production of all types and grades of potash in the United indicate potassium chloride (KCl, sylvite), potassium sulfate States could not be accurately published in 2001 owing to [K2SO4 or sulfate of potash (SOP), usually a manufactured proprietary data constraints. Production decreased by less than product and sometimes known in Russia and China as Lemery 10% compared with that of 2000 (table 1). salt], and potassium-magnesium sulfate [K2SO4C2MgSO4 or The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed domestic langbeinite or sulfate of potash magnesia (SOPM or K-Mag)]. potash data from voluntary semiannual surveys of U.S. Muriate of potash (MOP) is an acceptable mix of potassium operations. Of the seven survey requests sent to operations for chloride (95% or greater) and sodium chloride that includes both semiannual surveys, six operations responded.