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Les Ammonites Domérien Des Causses

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Les Ammonites Domérien Des Causses Christian MEISTER LES AMMONITES DU DOMÉRIEN DES CAUSSES (FRANCE) cahiers de paléontologie « cahiers de paléontologie • cahiers de paléontologie Éditions du CNRS CAHIERS DE PALÉONTOLOGIE LES AMMONITES DU DOMERIEN DES CAUSSES (FRANCE) Analyses paléontologiques et stratigraphiques par Christian Meister U A 157, Dijon ÉDITIONS DU CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE 15, quai Anatole France — 75700 PARIS 1989 Christian M eister Institut des Sciences de la Terre de l’Université de Bourgogne et Centre de Géodynamique sédimentaire et Evolution géobiologi­ que, U.A. C.N.R.S. 157, 6 Bd Gabriel 21100 Dijon, dans le cadre d’un travail subventionné par le Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique. © Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, 1989 ISSN 0766-0502 — ISBN 2-222-4310-7 TABLE DES MATIERES RESUMÉ/ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................... 9 I. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................... 11 II. CADRE GÉOGRAPHIQUE ET GÉOLOGIQUE ............................................................................. 12 III. SUCCESSION DES FAUNES D’AMMONITES DOMÉRIENNES ............................................. 14 Le Samonta ............................................................................................................................................... 15 Rivière-sur-Tarn......................................................................................................................................... 16 St-Paul-des-Fonts....................................................................................................................................... 21 Cornus (Antignes) ..................................................................................................................................... 23 IV. SYSTÉMATIQUE ..................................................................................................................................... 26 Phylloceratidae........................................................................................................................................... 27 Phylloceras......................................................................................................................................... 27 Partschiceras ..................................................................................................................................... 28 Calliphylloceras ................................................................................................................................. 29 Juraphyllitidae ........................................................................................................................................... 30 Tragophylloceras ............................................................................................................................... 30 Juraphyllites....................................................................................................................................... 30 J. (Harpophylloceras) ....................................................................................................................... 31 Lytoceratidae ............................................................................................................................................. 32 Lytoceras ........................................................................................................................................... 32 Derolytoceras..................................................................................................................................... 33 Liparoceratidae ......................................................................................................................................... 34 Liparoceras ....................................................................................................................................... 34 L. (Becheiceras)................................................................................................................................. 34 Cymbites............................................................................................................................................. 34 Dactylioceratidae....................................................................................................................................... 35 Reynesoceras ..................................................................................................................................... 35 Hildoceratidae ........................................................................................................................................... 38 Pro logra mm o ce ras............................................................................................................................. 38 P. (Matteiceras)................................................................................................................................. 38 P. (Fieldingiceras) ............................................................................................................................. 40 P. (Paltarpites)................................................................................................................................... 41 8 Fuciniceras..................................................................................................... 42 Arieticeras ........................................................................................................ 42 Emaciaticeras ...................................................................................................................... 53 V. BIOSTRATIGRAPHIE DU DOMÉRIEN CAUSSENARD ............................................................... 55 Zone à Margaritatus ............................................................................................................................. 55 Zone à Spinatum...................................................................................................................................... 60 VI. COMPOSITION DES FAUNES ............................................................................................................ <53 VII. CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................................... 73 REMERCIEMENTS ................................................................................................................................ 73 VIII. BIBLIOGRAPHIE .................................................................................................................................. 74 IX. INDEX TÀXONOMIQUE .................................................................................................................... 79 X. ICONOGRAPHIE .................................................................................................................................. 81 RÉSUMÉ Les Ammonoidea du Domérien des Causses font l’objet d’une étude taxonomique (à l’exclusion des Amaltheidae) et biostratigraphique. L’étude des trajectoires ontogénétiques de la densité costale chez des Arieticeras démontre l’importance de la variabilité de ce caractère morphologique et permet de mettre en évidence un pôle paedomorphique (formes à côtes fines et serrées) et un pôle peramorphique (formes à côtes plus espacées et plus grossières). La mise en évidence de 18 horizons biostratigraphiques basés sur des faunes d’ammonites d’origine paléobiogéo­ graphique différente fournit des éléments de corrélations entre la partie occidentale de la province eurocaucasienne sensu SAPUNOV (domaine nord-ouest européen) et la province téthysienne. L’analyse de la composition de la faune des ammonites de ce bassin montre que les influences des faunes d’affinité téthysienne sont le résultat de plusieurs transgressions sporadiques souvent représentées par un nombre important d’individus, oblitérant parfois presque complètement la faune locale composée essentiellement d’Amaltheidae. Ces pénétrations fauniques sont souvent assez éphémères, mais parfois elles sont suivies d’une évolution endémique de certains taxons. MOTS-CLEF : Jurassique — Ammonites — Lias — Domérien — Taxonomie — Ontogenèse — Hétérochronies — Biostratigraphie — France — Causses. ABSTRACT A taxonomie (excluding Amaltheidae) and biostratigraphic study of the Domerian Ammonoidea in the Causses bassin (France) is presented here. The study of ontogenetic trajectories for the ribbing density among Arieticeras underlines the importance of the variability for this morphological feature. It is also possible to establish a paedomorphic pôle (fine and close ribbed forms) and a peramorphic pôle (more spaced and coarser ribbed forms). The detailled analysis of 4 stratigraphical profiles enabled us to recognize 18 horizons based on ammonites faunas coming from different paleobiogegraphic origin. This situation provides corrélation éléments between the Eurocaucasian (North-West European domain) and the Tethysian provinces. In this bassin, the analysis of the ammonites faunas composition shows that the influences of Tethysian faunas resuit from several sporadic invasions which often are represented by a high number of individuals. Sometimes the local fauna, mainly Amaltheidae, is nearly entirely obliterated. Often these faunal pénétrations are quite ephemeral
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