Newsletter for INFORSE International Network for SustainableNEWS Energy. No. 39, December 2002

NewsNews from:from: GermanyGermany RomaniaRomania EU-UpdateEU-Update EritreaEritrea EnergyEnergy PartnershipsPartnerships NamibiaNamibia

Contact List World 2002 (excl. ) - Included Editorial

Sustainable Energy News Prevent ISSN 0908 - 4134 Published by: Dangerous INFORFORSE Man-made EUROPE Climate International Network for Demonstrations parallel to the climate Sustainable Energy (INFORSE) COP8 in Delhi in November 2002 for is a worldwide NGO network Change the NGOs’ Climate Justice Summit. formed at the Global Forum Photo by Nadia Khastagir in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1992. CorpWatch. Source: www.corpwatch.org

Editorial Address: Sustainable Energy News INFORSE-Europe The above ultimate objective of the Climate try, there are many indications that the ben- Gl. Kirkevej 82, DK-8530 Convention, signed ten years ago in Rio de efits would outweigh the costs. With large- Hjortshøj, . Janeiro, is behind most international activities scale introduction of energy-efficiency and Ph: +45-86-227000 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It is also renewable-energy technologies, the prices Fax: +45-86-227096 E-mail: [email protected] the objective for most NGOs, local authorities, would go down, and with decrease of fossil- http://www.inforse.org/ companies, and many others to get involved fuel use, energy-crisis and security-of-supply Editors: in activities to reduce climate change. Yet, in issues could be problems of the past. Gunnar Boye Olesen many ways, global development has been go- Judit Szoleczky ing in the wrong direction since 1992. In spite of the potentials, activities to reduce Niki Fowler (text advice) greenhouse-gas emissions have been far from Advisory Board: During the last ten years, we have learned a adequate to stop the global growth of emis- Emil Bedi, FAE, Slovakia lot more about the problems of climate change, sions. However, within the dark overall pic- Sécou Sarr, ENDA, Senegal M.C. Mapako, BUN, Zimbabwe and of the role of man-made greenhouse-gas ture, several positive developments are seen Raymond Myles, INSEDA, India emissions. Based on scientific studies summa- in individual countries: a number of European Emilio La Rovere, LIMA, Brazil rized by the International Panel on Climate countries have managed to combine economic Roque Pedace, Rejima, Argentina Change (www.ipcc.ch) in 2001, the Climate growth with reduced emissions during the 90’s, D. Sukkumoed, SENT, Thailand Action Network has concluded that, to prevent and some developing countries such as China Deadline for next issue: 15.01.2003 the most dangerous climate change, the global have partly decoupled economic growth from Next issue: February 2003 emissions must peak within the next 20 years rises in emissions, as documented by the World The newsletter is quarterly. and must decline quickly thereafter1 . Even if Watch Institute in “Reading the Weathervane” Feel free to use the information, but please state the source. this is done, climate change will cause irre- (see p. 16). versible damage to some unique ecosystems, Annual subscription rate: EUR 25/year. Plus bank cost significant damages to agricultural production On a smaller scale, rapid reductions of green- at checks: EUR 10. in some developing country regions, growing house-gas emissions are taking place in a The newsletter is free of charge to water shortages, and other problems. number of towns, islands, and other local ar- NGOs as long as possible. eas as results of local decisions to take climate Printed by: If development as proposed in Vision2050 for change seriously. The challenge is to progress Fjerritslev Tryk, phase-out of fossil and nuclear energy were from such smaller successes to global reduc- Denmark in realised globally, emissions of CO2, the most tions. Ten years of climate action plans show 3,000 copies. important greenhouse gas, would decline that there is no simple way. It has to be a com- quickly after 10-20 years of transition. In the bination of many more local actions, forward- Sustainable Energy News INFORSE network, we are committed to show looking national strategies, and more effective is supported financially by: European Commission DG Environ- how the transition could be made in a number co-operation among like-minded countries ment - Civil Society Support; of countries, what the benefits and costs would such as those in the EU to reduce emissions. Forum for Energy & Development, be, and what limits it would set to growth in Denmark; and the Antinuclear various sectors such as transport. While the movement, Denmark (OOA) The articles reflect the views of the transition will not happen by itself in any coun- 1 ) Climate Action Network position paper authors and of INFORSE, not of Preventing Dangerous Climate Change, 31/10-02, the financial supporters. see www.climnet.org or www.climatenetwork.org.

Photo on the front page: ARTEFACT Center, , now included in the INFORSE database on sustainable energy successes in Europe. Gunnar Boye Olesen See article on page no. 12. INFORSE Co-ordinator for Europe

Sustainable Energy News2 No. 39, December 2002 World UNFCCC: COP8 Ends with

No Excitement INFORSE Coordinators Delhi Program approved; too little for at COP-8 in Delhi, India From left to right: climate but still important for change. Emil Bedi (Europe), Raymond Myles (South Asia), By Roque Pedace, REJIMA, Argentina, Mika Ohbayashi (Japan), INFORSE regional coordinator Roque Pedace (South America), Suphakij Nuntavorakarn The United Nations Framework Confer- (East Asia and Pacific). th ence on Climate Change had its 8 COP But the funds available are orders of mag- work programmes will require the in New Delhi last October. Extended ne- nitude below what is needed, both for strengthening of national institutions and gotiations around a key demand of devel- adaptation to and for mitigation of climate capacities as well as establishment of a oped countries, i.e., inclusion of ‘a dia- change. Contentious funding issues have mechanism to provide and exchange in- logue on further commitments by devel- been only partially resolved or deferred, formation. oping countries upon entry’ in the Kyoto with arguments centering on the tone of Under this program, climate-change Protocol, proved useless and the issue was documents and deferral dates rather than issues will be integrated with the curricula finally dropped. on substance. There was “further action” at all educational levels and across disci- On the other hand, reporting rules for mentioned in the declaration, but no fu- plines; the third assessment report of the industrialised and developing countries ture commitment to significant emission inter-governmental panel on climate were discussed, and an international pro- reductions nor to renewable-energy tar- change, IPCC, will be translated into vari- gramme for public education and aware- gets. ous languages for wider distribution. This ness was agreed upon. is an opportunity for NGOs working on Awareness Programme this field to become involved and to put CDM, also with Sinks? The good news is that national climate- forward proposals at the country level. An The Clean Development Mechanism change secretariats will be set up in all INFORSE working group was set at the (CDM) is now fully operational after the developing countries to help generate meeting to follow up the Delhi Program. first report of its Executive Board. Ap- public awareness about the issue under a proval of first projects will take place five-year work programme involving all Kyoto Protocol Development early in 2003. But even here, negotiations stakeholders. Canada and New Zealand have already on rules for the use of ‘’carbon sinks’’ Under this “Delhi Programme”, edu- ratified the Kyoto Protocol, and Russia is have been deferred after serious objec- cation, training, public awareness, and expected to do so before October 2003, tions on the treatment of forestry and land public participation, as well as public ac- taking it past the critical threshold of ac- use by several countries. cess to information and international co- cession by countries producing 55 percent operation, will be supported to increase of total emissions in 1990 and thus ren- New But Small Funds people’s understanding of the climate- dering it effective. The meeting provided guidance to the change issues. Capacity-building to adapt Climate Action Network is now focus- global environment facility (GEF) on the to changes brought about by climate ing on the obstacles for the Kyoto Proto- priorities for two new funds - the special change in the developing countries and col’s implementation in the longer term. climate change fund and the least-devel- in countries with economies in transition In this regard, development of equitable oped countries fund. The first one will be will be assisted to develop and implement climate-change strategies was the main is- used for capacity-building as well as for cost-effective and country-driven ap- sue of the Climate Justice Summit in New technology development and transfer; the proaches to further the principles of sus- Delhi, sustainable energy being the cor- second mostly for adaptation. tainable development. Implementation nerstone of this approach.

Coalition of the Willing for Renewables SEE IN THIS ISSUE: At the end of the Johannesburg Summit (WSSD), when it was clear • INFORSE-Europe Activities p. 4-5 that no agreement would be reached on a global target for renewable • EU updates p. 6-7 energy, the EU launched a coalition of like-minded countries commit- • Energy Partnerships p. 8-9 ted to increasing their use of renewable energies through quantified, • CDM v. Big Hydro Critic p. 10 time-bound targets. In addition to the 15 EU countries and Commis- sion, the Coalition consists of 52 countries, of which 12 are EU acces- • Contact List with 500 addresses! 14 pages sion countries, three are other Western European countries, 39 are small island states, and the last country is New Zealand. • Education in Finland, UK & Uganda p. 11 This Coalition is not registered as a partnership in UN, but it is po- • Success Stories: tentially an important driver for renewable energy. Therefore, INFORSE Romania & Germany p. 12-13 as well as other NGOs will follow its development. One of the opportu- • News from Namibia & Eritrea p. 14-15 nities to see the results of the coalition will be a large conference on • Event list p. 16 renewable energy organised by Germany in 2004. • Publication list p. 17

No. 39, December 20023 Sustainable Energy News Europe INFORSE-Europe Activities INFORSE-Europe Seminar, Annual Meeting 2003

30. September - 4. October The CAT in Wales, where the INFORSE-Europe Similar to previous years, INFORSE-Eu- Seminar and Annual Meeting will be in 2003. rope plans to hold a one-week “Seminar By Gunnar Boye Olesen and Emil Bedi, on Sustainable Energy for Europe”. INFORSE-Europe The Seminar will include sessions on The Annual INFORSE-Europe Meeting large-scale successes with sustainable will be organised in connection with the New INFORSE-Europe energy and exchange of information Seminar. The venue will be the Center for Action Plan & Work Program among NGOs on barriers against and suc- Alternative Technology in Wales, UK, cesses with sustainable energy, as well as which offers a good opportunity to expe- At the Annual Meeting of INFORSE- EU policies along with the Pan-European rience practical sustainable energy solu- Europe, held as an email conference in Environment for Europe Process. tions of many kinds. November, the Action Plan and Work The Seminar will also have a session Program were set for 2003. on global co-operation for sustainable More information on the Seminar in Planned activities include continuation energy. next issue of Sustainable Energy News. of current focus on EU and UN policies, Vision2050 for Europe, the DIERET, continued collection of sustainable energy More Sustainable-Energy Successes successes, and others. A new activity will focus on aware- INFORSE-Europe’s database of sustainable-en- ness-raising in areas with little current at- ergy successes has received seven new cases tention to sustainable energy. This will in- from , , Romania, Ar- clude a mobile exhibition in Romania. menia, and Germany. Following the meeting, an application The cases are available at INFORSE-Europe’s was sent to the EU Commission for sup- website, and two of them -from Romania and port for INFORSE-Europe activities in Germany - are included in this newsletter. 2003. While we have kept the The meeting also re-elected Emil Bedi main focus on Central and and Gunnar Boye Olesen as INFORSE- Eastern Europe, we have Europe Co-ordinators. decided to include a few The full Work Program has been sent cases from Western Eu- to INFORSE-Europe members, and a rope, starting with Ar- shorter Action Plan version is available tefact in Germany. on the INFORSE-Europe website: http://www.inforse.org/europe. Solar Over 30 DIERET Students & More Prize With more than 30 students following the to INFORSE Distance Education Program on Renewable Energy Technologies Sustainable (DIERET), mainly from NGOs, the con- cept has proved its success. Energy News Each student receives a CD with the On October 30, this newsletter was material and questions via email. A new honoured with the Danish part of the updated version of the study material is European Solar Prize 2002 in the being made in English, while versions in category for media. The prize Russian and Albanian are expected to be was given in the Danish available by the end of the year. The front page of the homepage of the DIERET, Parliament by the In 2003, the program will continue ‘Distance Education on Renewable Energy Danish Solar Prize Technologies’ made by INFORSE-Europe. with courses in English, Russian, and Al- Committee. The Euro- banian. Interested? Send e-mail to INFORSE-Europe, pean solar prize is See INFORSE-Europe website for more Foundation for Alternative Energy, Slovakia: organised by [email protected]. information: www.inforse.org/europe. EUROSOLAR

Sustainable Energy News4 No. 39, December 2002 Europe Vision 2050 - Examples from Denmark and Slovakia The Vision 2050 for phase-out of fossil The work on Slovakia shows that the re- energy among countries, though much and nuclear energy has been developed newable energy potential is large enough less than current international trade in further for Denmark, Slovakia, and the to cover the energy demand, even with fossil fuel. EU-15 countries. While the overall vision less efficiency than is expected in the Part of the work has been devoted to a shows how the global energy demand can work on Denmark. This requires, how- new computer tool with energy balances be met by the year 2050 with use of en- ever, large energy plantations of 4000 for a base year and for each decade. The ergy efficiency and renewable energy, the km2, similar to the area of farmland be- user defines the expected trends per dec- national and regional aspects of Vision ing considered for reforestation with re- ade of demand for energy services, level 2050 show in more detail how it can be structuring of agriculture. If less land is of efficiency, and use of renewable en- done in countries and local areas, and used, either because a different agricul- ergy. In addition to the current work, it is which trends are necessary to make these tural restructuring is chosen, or because expected that this tool will be used for developments happen within a period of part of the new forest will be used for non- other countries and local areas in the com- 50 years. energy purposes, there is a choice between ing year. Current plans include a local area The work on Denmark combines a higher-efficiency and import of energy. in Romania, a region in Hungary, and scenario until 2030 with a simple vision The global vision predicts some trade in maybe Belarus. for 2030-2050. The graph below shows the expected development of the electric- Heat & Fuel from Renewables Electricity from Renewables ity supply. While the overall decrease is - 256 PJ - 101 PJ small, there is a change of consumption because it is expected that the current use of electricity for industry, households, etc. will be reduced to less than half the cur- rent level with energy efficiency, while an increasing part of the electricity will be used for transport, directly and via pro- duction of hydrogen. It is also expected that electricity will be used for heating via heat pumps that are used only when there is large production of windpower.

kWh Graph above: Slovakian potentials for renewable energy, enough to supply the needs, 7000 if energy is used efficiently. Solar PV Graph to the left: Scenario and Vision for 6000 electricity consumption in Denmark (kWh/ capita). An increasing part can be used for Wind/Hydro/Wave transport. 5000

4000 Kyoto-protocol Biomass period 2008 - 12 Waste 3000

2000 Fossil fuels

1000 Statistics Proposal (Scenario) Vision 0 Read more about the Vison2050 at ‘90 ‘95 2000 ‘05 ‘10 ‘15 2030 2050 www.inforse.org/projects.php3. Subsidies, EU-policy, Partnership & More at the Seminar - Now on the Web

INFORSE-Europe’s Seminar on ‘European Sustainable Energy Policies’ in November, 2002, in Brussels gave the opportunity for more than 20 participants to listen to presentations from the EU Commission, NGOs, and industry on EU policy and its ability to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions and other pollutants. It also featured discussions on subsidies, EU’s partnership with developing coun- tries, and others. The presentations are now available on the INFORSE-Europe website.

No. 39, December 20025 Sustainable Energy News Europe EU-Update By Gunnar Boye Olesen, INFORSE-Europe

New Homepage on EU Policy for Sustainable Energy ECO-Forum INFORSE-Europe has expanded its homepage with extensive coverage of EU policies that Demands for Kiev 2003 affect sustainable energy. The homepage gives an overview of EU proposals under negotia- At the ECO-forum strategy meeting held tion or newly adopted, along with INFORSE-Europe positions as well as links to informa- December 7-8 in Bratislava, the NGOs tion on official sites and to NGOs that have commented on the proposals. Look at: www.inforse.org/europe/eupolicy.htm present agreed on a “Bratislava Decla- ration” with NGO proposals and de- New Directive on Energy Cap & Trade CO2 Emissions mands for the Pan-European Environ- Efficiency in Buildings mental ministers‘ meeting, May 21-23, The EU environmental ministers made 2003, in Kiev. The new directive on energy performance in December a political agreement on a The declaration includes chapters on of buildings was adopted by the energy system for limiting and trading CO2 emis- sustainable energy and on nuclear energy. ministers on November 25, 2002. sions in the EU, 2005-12. The chapters focus on practical propos- The directive gives a good framework The proposal includes the sectors of als that the ministers could decide upon for energy savings in buildings, but leaves energy, iron, pulp, paper, and board. The in Kiev to take Europe from words to ac- important decisions dependent on the im- countries can set the allowed emissions tion on energy issues. It was proposed to plementation in each of the EU countries. company by company or sector by sec- phase out environmentally harmful sub- Thus, it is important that stakeholders in- tor. In the period 2005-07, the allowances sidies, support development of sustainable terested in energy efficiency promotes a will be given for free, while countries can heat supply, increase environmental re- strong national implementation of the di- choose to auction up to 10% of the al- quirements for energy markets, and estab- rective. lowances from 2008 onwards. The pen- lish decommissioning funds for the most Unfortunately, in many countries, large alties for emitting more CO2 than the al- unsafe nuclear power plants. parts of the construction industry try to lowance + purchased quotas is set to 40 It was also proposed to set a Pan-Euro- weaken energy-efficiency requirements, EUR/ton 2005-07 and thereafter to 100 pean renewable-energy target. It was not even though it is usually in their interest EUR/ton. possible to set a global target at the World to have high standards. The environmental ministers will con- Summit on Sustainable Development in Jo- The main points of the directive are: tinue the negotiations to work out a more hannesburg, but a Pan-European goal • minimum efficiency standards for detailed agreement (common position), should be possible. The declaration is buildings, based on common method- and will then negotiate the proposal with available on the INFORSE-Europe ology, but each country decides the ef- the EU Parliament. homepage and on www.eco-forum.org. ficiency level independently. • certification systems for buildings. Read more on www.inforse.org/europe/ Phase Out Harmful Subsidies and Sup- • regular checks of heating and cooling em-trad.htm port Sustainable Heating equipment. The ECO-Forum Energy & Climate The directive must be implemented in Group will focus on how to phase out national law in the period 2003-2005, environmentally harmful subsidies. though some requirements can be post- The reason for this is that the countries poned until 2008. decided to phase out environmentally harmful subsidies from 1998 to 2005, but Read about the directive at: have not made any substantial co- www.inforse.org/europe/build-di.htm. ordinated activity to realise this. The group’s activities might include a study with questionnaires before May and a Low-energy houses & solar should be supported side-event at the ministerial meeting in by the new buildings directive. Kiev. The group will also continue to Photo from Braamwish, Hamburg, Germany. work on the sustainable-heating guideline that was mentioned in Sustainable Energy UN-ECE Guidelines to Reform Subsidies News 38, though the activities depend on The UN-ECE Task Force on Reforming Energy Prices proposed guidelines for re- possible funding. forming energy prices and subsidies at its meeting on November 19, 2002. The group and INFORSE-Europe ex- The guidelines should help countries to phase out environmentally harmful subsi- pect to present a short NGO seminar on dies in a socially acceptable manner. They were discussed by the UN-ECE Commit- sustainable energy at the Kiev conference tee on Sustainable Energy in November, and are proposed to be adopted by the in May. This could include discussions on European environmental ministers in Kiev, May 2003. sustainable heating, visions for phase-out of nuclear and fossil fuels, and NGO ac- Read more on the INFORSE-Europe homepage and on the official site tivities on phase-out of environmental http://www.unece.org/energy/nrgdocuments.html. harmful subsidies.

Sustainable Energy News6 No. 39, December 2002 Europe

EU Gas & Electricity Market Intelligent Energy in Europe New EU Nuclear Proposals In November, the EU energy ministers The EU energy ministers agreed to the The EU Commission has launched a reached a political agreement on a change proposed new EU framework programme number of proposals on nuclear power in of the electricity and gas market direc- on renewable energy and energy effi- November, 2002: tives, including: ciency 2003-2006, but they only agreed • Acceleration of the opening of electric- to a budget of 190 mill. EUR for the en- - A proposal for a directive on waste ity and gas markets for competition. tire four-year period. The proposal by the management, proposing to set a dead- Households should be able to choose Commission was 215 mill. EUR ,while line of 2008 for locating sites for final their supplier by July 2007, and most the EU Parliament proposed 255 mill. storage of high-level waste and of 2018 other consumers, three years before: EUR. Now the ministers and the Parlia- for start of operation of the storage fa- July 2004. ment will discuss the issue to seek a com- cilities. Several NGOs, including • Independence of system operators (i.e., promise in a reconciliation procedure. INFORSE, find these deadlines unneces- managers of the flows in the grid, etc.) sary, and maintain that the focus must be from other power companies, to ensure Read about the proposal at on safety rather than on a quick location fairer competition. www.inforse.org/europe/inte-en.htm of storage sites. The proposal can only be • Labelling of electricity, to allow all adopted with consensus among the coun- consumers to know the sources of their tries, because it is proposed under the power, as well as its contribution to EURATOM treaty.

CO2 and nuclear waste. EURATOM The proposal will be discussed again reform? - A proposal for a directive with basic among the energy ministers to reach a obligations and general principles on The EU’s EURATOM more detailed agreement (common posi- the safety of nuclear installations. A part Treaty is the only tion), and then it will be negotiated with of the proposed directive is a restriction treaty that EU is based the EU Parliament. Probably, the proposal of the use of nuclear decommissioning on that has not been will be finalised in 2003, summer or fall. and waste funds. Utilities such as E-On changed since it was in Germany and Electricité de use adopted in 1957. It gives EURATOM a Read more at www.inforse.org/europe/ these funds for operational investments, double function of supporting nuclear en-mark.htm including purchase of competitors. If the power and dealing with nuclear safety. proposal is adopted, independent Among many others, INFORSE-Europe decommissioning funds should be cre- supports the proposal of a EURATOM ated. Unfortunately, the proposal contin- reform, to transform it into a pure regula- ues with, “In the case where exceptional tory body that has no role in promotion and duly justified reasons make such a New EU Initiatives of nuclear power. The ongoing EU Con- separation of funds impossible, the man- The EU Commission is preparing a vention to reform EU’s framework should agement of funds could continue to be number of new initiatives on energy, in- include such a reform in its proposals. undertaken by the operator,....” This sen- cluding: tence undermines this part of the direc- • Renewable Energy Heat - a directive tive. It has been criticised by INFORSE or recommendation expected to be pro- and by many other NGOs. posed in 2003. Biofuel Agreement • Energy Services - a directive expected In November, the EU countries reached - A proposal to increase the EURATOM to be proposed in 2003. an agreement about the proposed direc- loan funds by 2 billion EUR. In recent • Campaign for Take-off in energy effi- tive on biofuels for transport. years, the loans are mostly used for ex- ciency - an initiative expected in 2003. A major element in the agreement is pansion of nuclear power in Central and • Energy-efficiency Standards - a direc- to replace the mandatory targets proposed Eastern Europe. tive expected in 2003 to replace or by the EU Commission with indicative It is proposed by the Commission that strengthen existing SAVE directives on targets. The targets still specify 2% the loans also be used to support energy efficiency. biofuels in transport by the end of 2005 decommissioning of nuclear power and 5.75% by the end of 2010. In 2003, plants. It is very questionable whether this On renewable-energy heat, INFORSE the countries will negotiate with the EU is feasible, since decommissioning does recommends that the Commission pro- Parliament to agree on a final text of a not provide any income to pay back such pose a directive with: directive. loans. • targets, INFORSE-Europe proposes that the Friends of the Earth, INFORSE-Eu- • labels and standards for equipment, mandatory targets be kept, but that the rope, and a number of other NGOs have • obligations for district heating opera- scope of the directive be increased to in- proposed that the EURATOM loan facil- tors to buy heat from renewable energy, clude transport use of hydrogen and elec- ity not be increased. Germany, Belgium, • obligations for the public sector to use tricity made from renewable energy and have also expressed positions renewable heat when available. sources. against the increase of EURATOM loans.

Read more on www.inforse.org/europe/ Read more at www.inforse.org/europe/ Read more about the new proposals at eupolicy.htm. biofuels.htm. www.inforse.org/europe/eupolicy.htm

No. 39, December 20027 Sustainable Energy News World

Energy Partnerships EU Energy Initiative for Poverty Eradication and A new feature of the Johannesburg Summit (WSSD) was registration of partnerships Sustainable Development for sustainable development. This was presented by some countries (headed by USA) Through this Initiative partnerships will as the new tool for sustainable development, while others (mainly developing coun- be developed between the EU (Member tries) focused on the weaknesses of these activities. States and the EU Commission) and de- In energy, 40 partnerships are registered with the UN, headed by countries, inter- veloping countries. national organisations, and (a few) by NGOs. The partnerships are very diverse. To date, 22 developing countries, and Some will be important in local, sustainable development, while others might dis- 2 regional organisations (the Pacific Is- appear soon. lands Forum Secretariat, and CCAD (rep- Three of the most important of these partnerships are described in the following resenting Central American countries)) text in 3 boxes; the others are listed on page 9. have chosen to associate themselves with the Initiative. In addition, the following Global Global Village Energy stakeholders have associated themselves: Network Partnership GVEP Global Forum for Sustainable Energy on Energy for Sustainable (Austria), AFREPREN, ENEL Green Development This initiative is based at the UNDP/ Power (an Italian utility), Nuon (a Dutch World Bank Energy Sector Management utility), and NGOs like ITDG (UK), OVE This partnership, launched by UNEP Assistance Program (ESMAP) and is (Denmark), and FONDEM. and others, will work on knowledge open to all interested parties. The partnership was presented in Jo- generation in sustainable energy for de- GVEP proposes to offer the follow- hannesburg as a significant energy part- velopment. ing major types of services: nership. New funding has not been ear- It will work with a number of “centers • Action Plans for national develop- marked, as activities are based on de- of excellence” including ENDA in ment. mands from beneficiary countries/re- Dakar, FWD/AFREPREN in Nairobi, • Capacity Development in relevant ar- gions; however a co-ordination and pos- EDRC in Cape Town, Teri in New Delhi, eas. sibly a focus of existing funds is ex- and COPPE in Rio de Janeiro. • Enterprise Development for Energy pected. It is also hoped that the political In addition to the centers, partner- Service Delivery to rural and peri-ur- interest that the Initiative has created will ships will be held by governments, in- ban markets. mean an increase in demands from ben- dustry, international institutions, and • Consumer Engagement to design fi- eficiary countries/regions for energy-re- NGOs. nancing mechanisms and organiza- lated development co-operation activi- After the launch in Johannesburg, an tional models. ties. There is a focus on poverty eradi- interim Steering Committee was estab- • Funding Facilitation to help energy cation and the Millennium Development lished with prof. Tomas Johansson consumers and suppliers access credit Goals by improving access to adequate (Lund University, Sweden) and sources. sustainable energy services. Technical Ogunlade Davidson (EDRC) as co- • Training to local banks, assistance to options are to be made by beneficiary chairs, and an interim secretariat was set establish new funds, and a Village En- countries/regions, and the EU does not up in Denmark. ergy Seed Capital Fund for nascent come with pre-conceived ideas; however The first thematic work of the part- enterprises. it was made clear at WSSD that nuclear nership will be on energy access, with • Project Development and Implemen- energy is not part of the Initiative. the results expected to come mid-2003. tation to support the private sector, A lack of environmental priority has The activities are supported by Germany NGOs, and others. been criticized by several NGOs, includ- and other Western European countries, The partnership currently has 70 partners ing Greenpeace, WWF, FOE, and as well as by UNEP, the UN Founda- and is preparing a number of activities, INFORSE. tion, and the power industry group E7. including an interesting website The EU has announced a 2-year dis- In INFORSE, we expect to report on (www.gvep.org) . cussion period concerning the partner- the activities in Sustainable ship. INFORSE expects to take part in Energy News. Contact: ESMAP, World Bank, 1818 H this discussion, and will use its influence Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 to ensure that as many of the activities Contact: www.e4sd.net; USA. Ph: +1-202- 458 2849, as possible will support sustainable so- and GNESD Interim E-mail: [email protected] , lutions. Secretariat, UNEP Col- http://www.gvep.org. laborating Center, P.O. Box 49, Contact: European DK-4000 Roskilde, Commission, Ph:+45-36322288, Directorate General [email protected]. for Development, Rue de la Loi 200, Bruxelles, B-1049. Ph: +32 2 299 3296, E-mail: [email protected]

Sustainable Energy News8 No. 39, December 2002 World

• African Energy Legacy Projects. A • Global Lead Initiative. Headed by Al- • Market Facilitation Partnership for partnership of African states and power liance to End Childhood Lead Poison- Concentrating Solar Power Technolo- companies with the aim of developing ing. gies. Headed by UNEP-GEF Technol- hydropower and power transmission • Global Master Plan for Cycling. ogy Transfer Networks. lines throughout Africa. Headed by Velo Mondial. • Mechanism for the development of re- • An integrated approach to manage- • Global Gas Flaring Reduction Partner- newable energy and energy efficiency ment of the demand for electricity as ship. Headed by World Bank. in developing countries. Headed by well as of urban and industrial devel- French Development Agency. opment. A partnership headed by the • Global Partnership on Clean Fuels and French Foreign Affairs Ministry. Vehicles. Headed by US EPA,UN- • Modern Biomass Technology for Ru- DESA, UNEP. ral Energy Needs. Headed by CIRAD • APFED Partnership Initiatives for Research Institute, France. Knowledge Network and Capacity- Building. Headed by Institute for Glo- • Network of People and their repre- bal Environmental Strategies in Japan. sentatives for Action on Atmospheric Issues. Headed by (CUTS) Centre for • AREA: Alliance for Rural Energy in Sustainable Production and Consump- Africa. Headed by Electricité de tion. France and others. • Pacific Umbrella initiative: Pa- • Clean Fuels and Vehicles cific Islands Energy for Sustain- Partnership. Headed by The 37 Other Partner- able Development. Headed by USA’s Environmental ships in Energy Sustainable development Protection Agency. (PIESD), July 2002 - Decem- Read the partnerships’ own ber 2012. • Collaborative Labelling presentations at and Appliance Standards www.johannesburgsummit.org/ • Promotion of Renewable Program (CLASP). html/sustainable_dev/ Energy in the Mediterranean p2_protecting_energy1.html . Region. Headed by Italian Min- • Dams and Development. istry of the Environment and Ter- Headed by UNEP Dams and ritory. Development Project. • Renewable-Energy-Based Rural Elec- • Designing Country Profiles on Sustain- trification Initiative (RERE). Headed able Energy Development. Headed by by Pacific International Centre for International Atomic Energy Agency High Technology Research. (Hawaii). (IAEA). • Sustainable African Public-private • Development Strategies to Promote Partnerships for Infrastructure Devel- Rural Energy Systems. Headed by opment (SAPPID). Headed by Eskom UNIDO. (Johannesburg) . • Energy and Environment Partnership • Improving the provision of sustainable • Sustainable Development and Man- with Central America. Headed by Fin- energy services for the Small Island agement of the Caribbean Sea. land and Commission Centroamericana Developing States. (SIDS) . de Ambiente Y Desarrollo. • The Industrial Energy Efficiency Ini- • Indicators for Sustainable Energy De- tiative. Headed by UNIDO. • Energy Integration in Western Africa. velopment (ISED). Headed by IAEA. Headed by the French Government. • The Johannesburg Climate Legacy. • Indonesia-French Public-Private Part- Headed by IUCN South Africa Coun- • Energy Literacy Initiative. With Japan, nership to Develop Mini Hydro Power try Office. Thailand, Australia, and others. in Rural/Remote Areas, on a Sustain- able Basis. Headed by Ministry of En- • The LPG Challenge. Headed by • Enterprise of Trust, Economic Welfare ergy and Mineral resources in Indone- UNDP, World LP Gas Association. in Rural Areas through the Use of Re- sia. newable Energies. With SUDERETA • Transport, Health and Environment in Tanzania and North South Initiative • International Center for Carbon Seques- Pan-European Programme (The PEP). e.V., in Germany. tration and Biomass Energy (ICSS). Headed by UN/ECE and WHO Sec- Headed by Pro-Natura International. retariats. • Fostering Regional Energy Coopera- tion in APEC: Energy for Sustainable • Local Procurement for Development Development. Headed by Govern- and Sustainable Global Markets. ments of Australia and Mexico. Headed by ICLEI European Secretariat.

No. 39, December 20029 Sustainable Energy News World Big CDM Hydros Threaten Renewable Energy Funding

Inadequate Rules for Hydro Hydro-Easy for Investors While the rules and guidelines for the Large hydropower projects look likely to By Timothy CDM were accepted only a year ago in capture most of the available credit for Byakola, CDI, Marrekesh, over 30 projects are seeking CDM investment in developing countries INFORSE Focal validation or have received validation as since, in essence, large hydros have larger Point, Uganda eligible for CDM credits. These rules re- generating capacities than other renew- main quite inadequate about the inclusion able-energy projects. Project developers • Today, the lack of access to conven- of large hydro-power projects. This is so will find it more attractive to invest in the ient and efficient energy services is a because of their environmental and social large hydro-power sector. major barrier to achieving meaning- aspects, which contradict sustainable de- For instance, Bujagali is claiming ful and lasting solutions to poverty. velopment principles. nearly four times more than the largest re- • Renewable energy technologies using newable energy project undergoing vali- biomass, wind, solar, small hydro- dation under the CDM regime. power and geothermal energy sources can provide energy services for sus- Inflation of Baselines tainable development based on indig- The use of inflated emission baselines to enous sources. justify large hydros is rising as another • Renewable energy technologies tend to issue of concern. Baseline is a calcula- be characterized by relatively low en- tion of the scenario of what would hap- vironmental costs. pen without the proposed project. It is • Both solar photo-voltaics and wind en- used to estimate the amount by which ergy are experiencing rapid sales carbon emissions would be reduced by the growth and declining capital costs. proposed project. A high carbon baseline increases the amount of carbon credits. Because of these developments, market Reviews of CDM hydro proposals show opportunities exist to innovate and to take that developers are submitting inflated advantage of emerging markets. The de- baselines to justify funding. velopment and use of these sources prom- The West-Nile Hydro Power project in ises to enhance diversity in energy sup- Uganda, which is being submitted under ply markets, contributing to a reduction the World Bank Prototype Carbon Fund of local and global emissions. (PCF), used fossil fuels as their assumed The Kyoto Protocol to the UN Frame- baselines, a surprising choice from a work Convention of Climate Change rec- country that generates almost all of its ognizes the responsibility of industrialized Are Hydro Projects Additional? electricity from hydropower sources. countries to take the lead in reducing Bujagali Dam in Uganda is now being greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. registered as one of these projects. The In general, although costs for renewables CDM & Energy project has been submitted to the Dutch have gone down considerably, local re- Government Carbon procurement firm newable energy technologies will con- The Clean Development Mechanism Senter International. The initial contract tinue to have trouble competing with cen- (CDM) has been proposed as the means to build the dam was signed eight years tralised energy sources such as large hy- through which industrialized countries ago and was approved for World Bank dro, also for CDM credits. can work towards compliance with their funding in 2001. The financing plan does commitments to reduce their GHG emis- not mention the need for carbon credits. sions by supporting sustainable develop- Projects like these are not initially de- ment projects in developing countries. signed to generate economically efficient A number of these so-called CDM climate benefits. These projects, in fact, Contact: projects are already targeting the energy would have taken place even without the Timothy Byakola, Program Coordinator, sector. In order to qualify for Certified help of funding from carbon credits. Most CDI, Climate & Development Initiatives Emission Reductions under the CDM, already have received funding commit- P.O.Box 8849, Kampala, Uganda. projects need to be additional to ongoing ments from governments and developers. Ph: +256-41-342685 development and address leakage and The carbon-credit funding simply adds Fax: +256-71-214202 sustainable development issues. profit for project developers. e-mail: [email protected] .

Sustainable Energy News10 No. 39, December 2002 Education in Europe & Africa Education Possibilities News from Finland East African NGO Course By Ari Lampinen, Member of Technol- Training on Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) and the Clean Develop- ogy for Life, Finland (INFORSE - ment Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol. 12th - 23rd August 2003. Europe member organization) By Timothy Byakola, CDI, INFORSE Focal Point, Uganda Summer Courses in English The objective of the CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) is to mitigate impacts of The University of Jyvaskyla, Finland is climate change through funding of projects that reduce greenhouse-gas emissions, or organising a graduate level summer maybe sequester carbon. The introduction of the CDM is expected to attract private school for 11-29 August, 2003, includ- sector investments in East Africa, particularly in the energy, transport, and forestry ing 4 courses on renewable energy. sectors. All courses are to be given in English. Since the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, the environmental and social The courses cover: biomass, biogas, fuel implications of using forestry and land-use activities to sequester carbon have raised cells and hydrogen technology and solar a number of public concerns, especially among forest peoples. Supporters of Carbon thermal and PV technology. Grants are Sinks, however, argue that establishing a market incentive for carbon will create new available for CEE and developing coun- motivation for improved environmental management and biodiversity conservation. try students. Anybody can apply with A strong knowledge base, particularly within civil society, will support minimiza- BSc-level studies in any science. tion of environmental degradation from CDM projects. The Training Course will increase participants’ understanding of issues in the A New Renewable-Energy University international climate-change discussions. The course will provide skills and tools for Program assessing impacts and mitigation options for projects under the CDM regime in the The renewable-energy education and re- East African region. search program of the University of Jyvaskyla will be established in January, Contact: CDI, Uganda. See on page 10. 2003. It starts in January, 2003 only for those who understand Finnish. The next CAT Renewable group will be taken in September and may Energy Courses include non-Finnish speakers. The pro- in 2003 gram will consist of 3 subprograms: By Joan Randle and • The education subprogram is a MSc Laura Snowball,CAT, programme offering renewable-energy Centre for Alternative specialization in three disciplines: re- Technology, newable-energy technology for engi- (INFORSE-Europe neering, physics, and chemistry ma- member organisation) jors; environmental impacts of energy production for environmental science and technology majors; and energy economics and policy for economics March 3-7 Wind Power and social-science majors. March 14-16 The Whole House: Ecological building from new • The research subprogram is focused April 4-6 Solar Electric Systems on small-scale distributed renewable- May 6-9 Solar Water Heating Systems for Installers energy generation. The facilities con- May 9-11 Introduction to Renewable Energy Systems sists of a newly established research June 6-8 DIY Solar Water Heating Systems laboratory and existing units within the June 23-27 The Solar House: Low impact housing university, such as waste-to-energy and Sept. 26-29 Solar Water Heating Systems for Installers chemical solar-cell laboratories. Other Sept.30-Oct.4 INFORSE-Europe Seminar (See page 4). local institutions provide extensive re- Oct. 5-10 How to Build a Wind Turbine search co-operation opportunities. Oct. 17-19 Solar Electric Systems • The demonstration subprogram aims Oct. 20-24 Teaching about Energy, Sustainability and Environment at demonstrating various distributed re- Nov. 3-6 Green Energy Systems newable-energy generation technolo- Nov. 7-9 Hydro Electric Power Systems gies in co-operation with municipali- Nov. 24-28 Wind Power ties, farms, and industries. The projects result in technical, economic, and so- Besides the above courses, there are several courses offered on house building, cial feasibility information for use in gardening, willows, wood work, ecodesign, alternative building and alternative technology development and policy. sewage treatment methods. The program is funded by the EU struc- tural funds, municipalities, and companies. Info: CAT, Machynlleth, Powys, SY20 9AZ. UK. Ph: +44 1654 705990, fax: +44 1654 702782, Contact: E-mail: [email protected], email: [email protected], http://www.cat.org.uk http://www.jyu.fi/summerschool/

No. 39, December 200211 Sustainable Energy News Europe artefact Successful Solar School & Center in Germany

By Werner Kiwitt, Artefact, Germany

2000 Particpants on 120 Small Courses in 10 years ARTEFACT, Global Learning and Local Action, „So what about the payback period of Bremsbergallee 35, 24960 Glücksburg, Germany. your Mercedes?“ answers Martin Ph: +49 4631 6116-0, Fax: + 49 4631 6116-28, Petersen to the question of his counter- E-mail: [email protected], www.artefact.de. part Frank Kebel, concerning the eco- nomical efficiency of a solar roof. The emotional discussion is just a part ARTEFACT has been entered as of a role play within the workshop pro- Energy ‘Infotainment’ Center the first Western European case in gram „consultancy and financing“. Expects 100,000 visitors the INFORSE database of sustain- Together with 14 other electricians, able energy successes in Europe. chimney sweepers, and physics teachers, During the coming year, 100,000 visitors http://www.inforse.org/europe they take part in the fifth „solar school“ are expected on the site. of ARTEFACT in Glücksburg, in the The PowerPark, Germany´s first en- northern corner of Germany. The 4-day ergy „infotainment“ centre, attracts school The ARTEFACT center is self-suffi- crash course is offered twice a year with classes as well as tourists and groups for cient in terms of electricity. the non-profit „Union of Energy Consum- special programs. More over it sells electricity to the ers“. You can experience energy, from the grid at a price of 45 cents/kWh. During last 10 years, about 2000 par- fossil coal to the modern wind energy, The electricity is generated by a 30- ticipants have been trained in about 120 with all your senses and still may get some kW Kano wind generator, and by an courses. The participants came from all motivation to take responsibility for your 11-kW peak PV installation integrated over Germany, paving the way for the in- own energy consumption. into the roof. troduction of renewable energy in the The heating of the guest house’s usually rather conservative circles of Plans To Meet Worldwide apartment and the conference rooms craftsmen. Courses are offered, with in- Interest as well as water for showers are creasing success, in photovoltaics - the mostly covered by solar collectors. In electrical use of solar radiation - and in Increasing numbers of requests are arriv- the winter, a cogeneration plant pro- solar thermal applications - the support ing from other countries for our solar vides extra heat. of heating systems. Our first course in school program. So far, we counted par- Glücksburg on solar thermal energy at- ticipants from , , Sri Lanka, and The Powerpark’s installations, among tracted just 5 participants, whereas, in the Nicaragua. Since the present courses are others, include: most recent one, there were 16. From sev- conducted in German, I´m sure that there • 300-W Solar Home System, eral „oldies“ we heard that they success- is an even much higher demand for cor- • PV Solar fountain with tracking, fully integrated their new skills into their responding courses in English, French, or • Schwarzler solar cooker, business activities. Spanish. • Micro wind-power plant, The required combination of theoreti- Therefore, the search for cofunding of • Savonius rotor, cal lessons on basic knowledge, techni- program costs has begun! • Archimedean wind screw, cal calculation, practise on the solar train- ARTEFACT itself doesn´t receive any • Indian Swastik biogas plants. ing roof, and excursions to demonstra- institutional funding and has to cover all • Different type of solar collectors tion sites can be offered excellently by costs with participants’ fees. But, look- • PV modules for roofs. the ARTEFACT centre. The international ing at the proclaimed targets of Johannes- The center provides: guest house is self-sufficient with renew- burg and the European community, there • Fully equipped meeting rooms for able-energy sources - one of the reasons should be ways to extend an obviously up to 50 persons, and ARTEFACT received Eurosolar´s Euro- successful concept to other target groups • 8 guest rooms with up to 32 beds. pean Solar award in 1998. on an international level.

Sustainable Energy News12 No. 39, December 2002 Europe The First Romanian Energy Brigades in Action in a Kindergarten

By Ion Constantin Zamfir, Prietenii Pamantului (Earth Friends), Galati, Romania

The First in Romania The Earth Friends became the national coordinator of the International Energy Brigade (IEB) Romania in September The windows and doors needed substan- Impressions of the volunteers (excerpts ,2002. The Romanian Energy Brigades tial repairs; the locks have been repaired from the evaluation questionnaire): project is the first one in Romania deal- or changed. To insulate the windows bet- ing with practical activities in the area of ter, we removed the old and damaged “It’s important for people to under- thermal rehabilitation or so called layer of putty and installed a new one. We stand that such activities can make the weatherisation of buildings. Improving used 70 m silicon strips, 2 window locks, difference.” the heating insulation in concrete 1 door lock, scotch tape, putty, screws, “I’ve learned how to weatherize the doors homes or a public building demon- nails. The total material costs were and windows, how to use the tools and strates that NGOs are able to turn verbal 1,500,000 ROL = 45 EUR. the materials for insulation, how we can claims of how to save energy into con- protect ourselves against noise and dust.” crete results. The labour for this service Activity development is done by volunteers. The cost of the “I had the chance to learn something new, materials is covered either by the build- Before and during the insulation, the vol- to work in a team.” ing owners or buy outside funds. unteers were trained on how to use the electrical machines (drilling machine, the “I’ve learned a lot about energy saving.” 2 days for 5 Volunteers circular saw, milling machine). Prior to the insulation activity, we had Kindergarten (Flat): The weatherisation of the state-owned No. two workshops with the volunteers, pre- Annual heating: 12,000 kWh 6 kindergarten in Galati was the first ac- senting the Energy Brigades concept, en- Cost of material: 45 EUR tion accomplished by Romanian Energy ergy-saving importance, sustainable de- Overall cost of the project: 80EUR Brigades in this year (2002). It was a typi- velopment, and various technical issues Energy saved: 500 KWh in 45 days, at cal activity for an “Energy Brigade”. The regarding energy efficiency. a cost of 30 EUR (heat costs 0.06 EUR/ beneficiaries are 60 children between the The volunteers mastered the main ideas kWh) This was the supplementary en- ages of 3 and 6, along with 3 educators necessary for understanding the insulation ergy needed to assure the standard tem- The kindergarten is on the ground floor activity; appreciating not only the direct perature for children during the first 45 of a block of flats, and has 9 rooms (prin- gains (improving their working skills, days after the insulation was mounted. cipal’s room included). It occupies 2 flats, working in teams etc) but also the indi- 4 rooms + 5 rooms, both with similar rect ones (comprehension of energy im- orientations. It has two similar wings. portance in our every day life, volunteer- Contact: We’ve insulated the 5-room apartment, ing for social reasons). Ion Constantin Zamfir, Earth Friends, leaving the other uninsulated. This will Str. Portului 25, bloc. Siret 4, ap. 109, allow the Brigades to audit the thermal Follow-up of the activity 6200 Galati, Romania. performances of the insulation by com- Ph/Fax: +40-236-462564, paring the temperatures of the two wings The Energy Brigades will give to the kin- e-mail: [email protected] of the kindergarten. The activities began dergarten thermometers and tables for See Energy Brigades Success story the in mid-November. The heating is pro- collecting data for the energy audit of the in Czech Republic at: vided by the central heating system. insulated rooms. The data will be col- http://www.inforse.org/europe/ The actual activity took two days (16 lected by the educators and children, mak- contents.htm linking to hours) for 5 volunteers, 17 to 24 years old. ing this activity a daily game. http://www.zpok.hu/inforse/07.html

No. 39, December 200213 Sustainable Energy News Africa Solar Heated Hot Water for a Hospital in Eritrea By Bernd Sitzmann, dipl. mechanical engineer, Oekozentrum Langenbruck, INFORSE-Europe member, Switzerland

In spring, 2002, the Oekozentrum carried out the construction of a hot-water solar installation in Eritrea, eastern Africa. In a joint workshop with Eritrean pro- fessionals, specialists from Langenbruck constructed and installed the plant onto the roof of the hospital in Dekemhare. Due to Photos: Hot-water solar installation its educational nature, the project will pro- on the roof of Dekemhare hospital and building of a solar collector. mote the local production of solar instal- lations in the near future. A preliminary study, which was done poses, two solar collectors were installed in 2000, had shown that the energy sup- without a glass cover. The comparison of ply of Eritrea was almost completely de- glazed and unglazed systems will provide pendent on imported energy. Also, con- data for determining whether it is possi- ventional energy sources such as oil, gas, ble to save the glazing costs in future. electric energy, and wood are very expen- The total price of each installation was sive for the local population. approx. 750 EUR, a sum which is paid On the other hand, Eritrea’s climatic back within three years at the present lo- conditions are ideally suited for the use cal energy cost. of solar energy: with total radiation of around 2008kWh/m2 year, Eritrea ranks Joy at the Availability of Hot among the sunniest places in the world. Water Especially in the highlands, there is little The project consisted of an educational diffusion of solar radiation to diminish the course followed by the construction and thermal solar energy. installation of six solar hot-water heaters. Serial Production Should Follow Soon Enabling Eritrean People to Fifteen representatives of the Eritrean Build Solar Water Heaters public authorities and private economy The planned follow-up to this project is sectors participated in the course. After concerned with establishing the serial pro- The main aims of this project are to re- the theoretical lectures, the participants duction of solar water heaters and the lo- duce dependencies on conventional en- applied their new skills by assembling and cal production of hot-water tanks. Al- ergy sources and to promote the use of installing the collectors on the roof of the ready, the first requests for solar water renewable energy. In order to raise inter- hospital of the city of Dekemhare: six heaters have been received, which shows est in solar energy and thus to achieve a solar water heaters, each with a collector that a potential market for these installa- multiplication effect, vocational training area of 2 m2. tions does exist. It is intended that the was included in the workshop. In future, With these systems now working, hot- follow-up project take place next winter. professionals from Eritrea will be able to water is running once again in the At the third stage, these techniques are to continue the construction of solar instal- Dekemhare hospital. Naturally, the joy of be included in the curriculum of a local lations which, in turn, will help to stimu- the laundry staff was great at the moment vocational school. A training course for late the local economy. when hot water was available for the first teachers is being projected for summer, The planning of the solar installations time. Until then, the laundry had been 2003. took into consideration the use of locally done with cold water because the old oil available materials and technology. As burner had broken down some time ago. More information: Oekozentrum few as possible high-tech materials were Besides the educational training and Langenbruck, Centre for Appropriate used, and the installations were carried out construction of solar installations as de- Technology and Social Ecology, as self-circulating systems, which don’t scribed above, a local company was Schwengistrasse 12, CH-4438 need a control unit of any kind. equipped with the necessary tools for the Langenbruck, Switzerland. At present, the most expensive parts of construction of solar water heaters. With Ph:. +41 62 387 31 11, the installations are the hot-water tanks these tools, the next generation of solar Fax: +41 62 390 16 40, and the glazing of the collectors, which is water heaters will be installed by the E-mail: [email protected], used for wind-protection. For test pur- Eritrean people themselves. www.oekozentrum.ch .

Sustainable Energy News14 No. 39, December 2002 Africa Biomass Kick Off in Namibia

By Robert Schultz, R3E, Namibia. Oshakati manufacturer.

Efficient wood stove technol- ogy is simple and can be manufactured planned, to be held at the Gobabeb Train- from readily ing and Research Centre (GTRC) in the available Namib Desert, Namibia. materials. ProBEC is supported by the GTZ (Ger- Stoves to Market Better man Technical Co-operation), but in- tor forest utilization and to consolidate the creased self-sufficiency of the regional Namibia is the driest African country resulting information with data from: network is imperative and is a priority for south of the Sahara. It is 16% arid and • other development initiatives (roads, the national partners. 69% semi-arid. Fully 70% of its rural power lines, water storage dams, etc.), population depends on wood for its ther- • environmental factors (bush fires, in- Energisation mal needs, resulting in an annual con- vader species, rainfall, etc.), Namibia is putting great emphasis on the sumption of about 200 million tonnes. • energy-related input (location and sta- preservation and sustainable utilization of Namibia has a national Biomass En- tistics of biogas digesters, solar vil- wood fuel and is also investigating viable ergy Management Program, which aims lages, renewable energy resources, alternatives (bio-gas, wood fuel gasifica- to alleviate the problem through aware- etc.) and tion). This awareness greatly compliments ness raising and community-based for- • further proposed developments (expan- the national drive towards rural electrifi- estry programs as well as through the pro- sion of towns, conservancies, game re- cation and “energisation”. duction and dissemination of wood-effi- serves, emergency grazing areas, etc). At this juncture, some important cient stoves. A recent evaluation of the In essence, this project will pave the way stakeholders need to be complimented on Program, (available from R3E upon re- towards informed and equitable decision- their unwavering commitment to the task: quest) indicates that several of the stove making in regards to the conservation and the Desert Research Foundation of Na- producers trained under the Program are sustainable utilization of biomass energy mibia (DRFN), along with the Ministries still operational and economically self- resources in Namibia. of Mines & Energy (MME), Agriculture, sustaining. Their sales figures remain too Water & Rural Development (MAWRD), low, however. R3E has submitted a small- Biomass Symposiums: and Environment & Tourism (MET). scale proposal to the Ministry of Mines March 2003 South Africa & Energy (MME) that addresses market- 2004 in Namibia More info: R3E, Renewable Energy and ing the stoves through agricultural, hard- Energy Efficiency Bureau of Namibia, ware, and camping retail stores. This Namibia is a member of the regional net- (Previously called REINNAM) Poly- should expand the market beyond that of work “Program for Biomass Energy Con- technic of Namibia, PO Box 40765, rural households in communal areas. It servation” (ProBEC), along with Zimba- Windhoek, Namibia. Ph/Fax: +264 61 will also reach households on commer- bwe, South Africa, Mozambique, 2072088, [email protected]. cial farms, as well as tour operators. Swaziland, and Lesotho. Participation in You can also read more in the Sustain- The project is scheduled to kick off regional networks is of great value. able Energy News No. 37, Aug. 2002. before the Christmas in 2002. A number of regional activities planned for the Okahao group. Stove manufacturing in Namibia is done by near future include a small groups of entrepreneurs. The demand for the product is Management Tools workshop on stove tech- increasing steadily. A project of significant size, the “UNDP/ nologies, aimed at consoli- MME Biomass Energy Conservation dating the various stove Strategy and Management Tool”, will also designs and reach consen- commence towards the end of 2002. With sus on a small number of financial support from UNDP and co- stoves with regional appli- funding from MME, the project lists sev- cability and appropriate- eral key deliverables, including: a Key ness. The workshop will Issues Paper, a Strategy Paper, a Geo- be held in South Africa in graphic Information System (GIS)-based March, 2003. Management Tool, and Biomass Energy An International Biomass Resource Map. Energy Conservation The Management Tool will be used to moni- Symposium 2004 is also

No. 39, December 200215 Sustainable Energy News Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Applications Renewable Energy, Current German and Publications Lessons Learned European Legislation and More

Sustainable Finance and Banking

By Marcel Jeucken, Rabobank Group.

The Financial Sector and the Future of Planet. Overview of marketing, economic, financ- The German Renewable Energy Act 2000, How the paradigm shift effects the financial ing, institutional, social and technological granting priority to renewable energy sector towards sustainable banking? aspects. Cases of service applications like sources, which has proved to be highly effi- Financial role of banks with many illus- parking meters or bus shelters (Australia, cient for accelerating the expansion of renew- trating small case studies and a comparison Canada, Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, able energies. of 34 international banks. In the Appendix the UK), and remote buildings (Finland, France, list of the financial institutions signing the Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain) and islands 69 pages, May 2002. Environmental Policy, UNEP statement on environment and sustain- systems (Japan, and Korea). It´s our Future. able development. Edited by Geerling Loois, and Bernard van ISBN 1-85383-766-0, 310 pages, 2001, 29.95£ Hemert, ECOFYS Contact: Public Relations Division, ISBN 1-873936-91-5, 70 p., 1999. Federal Ministry of the Environment, Contact: Earthscan Publications Ltd, 120 Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, Pentonville Rd, London N1 9JN, UK. Contact: James and James, (Science Alexanderplatz 6, 10178 Berlin, Germany. Ph:: +44 20 7278 0433, Publisher) 35-37 William Road, London E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +44 20 7278 1142, NW1 3ER, UK. Ph: +44 20 73878558, http://www.bmu.de, E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +44 20 73878998, e-mail: [email protected] http://www.earthscan.co.uk http://www.jxj.com

Reading the Power Politics, Equity and Environment in Technology Weathervane, Electricity Reform Transfer for Climate Policy Renewable from Rio to Energy, Johannesburg Overcoming Barriers in By Seth Dunn, Developing Worldwatch Countries Institute.

By Gill Wilkins, RIIA, UK.

The paper access and compares the climate policies of 11 coun- Role of renewables to improve energy secu- tries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, rity, powering sustainable development, re- Germany, UK, India, Japan, Russia, South ducing environmental impacts. Key actors Africa, USA) and the EU. Figures shows the The changing global context for electricity re- and roles in transferring technology to de- carbon emissions and the carbon intensity form, and cases of Argentina, India, Indone- veloping countries and its barriers and op- from 1990-2001. It recomends the swift sia, , Ghana, South Africa. tions. Case study of solar home system implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. Edited by Navroz K. Dubash, WRI. projects, and biomass cogenerations projects. ISBN 1-878071-63-7, 100 pages, ISBN 1-56973-503-4, 175 pages, 2002. ISBN 1-85383-753-9, 234 p., 2002. 18.95£ Worldwatch Paper 160, August 2002. Contact: World Resource Institute (WRI), Contact: Earthscan Publications Ltd, London, Contact: Worldwatch Institute, Institutions and Governance program, 120 Pentonville Road, London, N1 9JN, UK. 1776 Massachusetts Ave., NW, 10 G Street, NE, Washington DC 20002, USA Ph: +44 20 7278 0433, Washington DC 20036, USA.. Ph: +1 202 729 7766, Fax: +44 20 7278 1142, Ph: +1-202 452 1992, Fax: +1 202 7297759, E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +1 202 2967365, E-mail: [email protected], http://www.earthscan.co.uk http://www.worldwatch.org. http://www.wri.org

Sustainable Energy News16 No. 39, December 2002 Events highlighted with green and * means that INFORSE is partici- Events pating on the event. Underlined events means that INFORSE-Europe organises the event.

February 3-4, 2003 May 12-16, 2003 June 14-15, 16-19, 2003 III International Slovak Biomass Forum World PV Conference, Osaka, Japan ISES’03 ISREE-9, Göteborg, Sweden conference, Bratislava, Slovakia. Combines the world’s 3 big PV conferences: The International Solar World Congress and Miroslava Mitkova, Energy Centre Bratislava, 18th European PV Solar Energy Conference, the 9th International Symposium on Renew- Bajkalska 27, 821 01 Bratislava, Slovakia. 14th Asian PV Science and Engineering Con- able Energy Education Ph:+421 2 58248472, fax:+421-2 582448470, ference, and 31st Institute of Electrical and Info: Prof. Lars Broman, Solar Energy Re- [email protected], www.ecb.sk Electronics Engineers, PV Specialists Confer- search Center SERC, Dalarna University, SE ence. 781 88 Borlange, Sweden. Ph: +46 2377 February 15-18, 2003 Info: Tokyo A & T University, Kosuke 8203/8710, fax +46 2377 8701 Regional Workshop on Sustainable Im- Kurokawa, Ph/fax: +81 4 238-87132/-56729 proved Cookstove Dissemination with Spe- [email protected], www.cc.tuat.ac.jp. or June 26-29, 2003 cial Emphasis on Commercialisation, Cebu, WIP Sylvensteinstr. 2, 81369 Munich, Germany. InterSolar 2003, ESTEC 2003, Freiburg, Philippines Ph: +49 89 72012739, fax: +49 89 720 12791 Germany. Info: ARECOP, PO box 19,YKBS, Bulaksumur, [email protected], www.wip-munich.de The first European Solar Thermal Energy Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Fax: 62-274-885423, Conference E-mail: [email protected], May 21-22, 2003 Info: Deutscher Fachverband Solarenergie [email protected], [email protected] All-Energy Opportunities, Aberdeen, UK e.V., DFS, Bertoldstrasse 45, D-79098 Conference and Exhibition. Org by BWEA, Freiburg. Ph: +49 761 2962090, fax +49 761 February 20-23, 2003 Scotisch Renewable Forum 2962099, [email protected], CLEAN 2003 Bangalore, India Info: 34 Ellerker Gardens, Richmond, Surrey www.estec2003.org, www.intersolar.de. India International Clean Energy Expo 2003 TW10 6AA UK. Ph: +44 20 8241 1912, fax: Info: PDA Trade Fairs, PDA House, 32/2 +44 20 8940 6211, info@all- energy.co.uk, August 11-29, 2003 Spencer Road, Frazer Town, Bangalore www.all-energy.co.uk Summer Course, University of Jyvaskyla, 560005, India. Ph: +91 80 5547434, fax: +91 Finland 80 5542258, www.cleanenergyexpo.com May 21-23, 2003 See article on page 11. Pan-European Environmental Ministers’ East African NGO Course February 18-28, Tour: March 1-2 2003 Meeting, KIEV, * Technology Selection for Small The Environment for Europe process includ- August 12-13, 2003 Hydropower Development, Roorkee, India ing public participation, energy efficiency, Training on EIA, CDM, Uganda International Training Course environmental education. See article on page 11. Info: Alternate Hydro Energy Centre, Roorkee Info: www.unece.org/env/wgso/ 247 667, Uttaranchal, India. September 30 - October 4, 2003 www.eco-forum.org. See page 6. Ph: +91 1332 74254, fax +91 1332 73517, INFORSE-Europe Seminar, CAT, UK. [email protected], [email protected], May 26-28, 2003 Info: INFORSE-Europe, Ph: +45 86 22 7000, www.ahecindia.com. www.hydrohelp.com Renewable Energy Sources for Islands, fax: +45 86 22 7096, [email protected], Tourism and Water Desalination www.inforse.org/europe or February 26 - March 1, 2003 International Conference, Crete, Greece Loan Randle, Centre for Alternative Technol- Renewable Energy Exhibition, Lyon, Info: EREC - European Renewable Energy ogy (CAT) Machynlleth, Powys, SY20 9AZ, France Council, Renewable Energy House, 26, rue Wales, UK. Ph: +44 1654 705990, Info: Christophe Guillemet, du Trône, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. fax: +44 1654 702782, www.cat.org.uk. Ph: +33 4 72 223260, fax: +33 4 72223258, Ph: +32 2 546 1933, Fax: +32 2 546 1934, e.mail: [email protected], November 13-17, 2003 [email protected], www.energie-ren.com CIES 2003, Cuba www.erec-renewables.org 1st Int Convention on Energy and Environ- March 5-7, 2003 ment´, III Symposium on Renewable Energy June 2-5, 2003, Brussels, Belgium World Sustainable Energy Day, Wels, Aus- and Energy Efficiency, Spanish and English. Green Week, Conference & Exhibitions tria, Energy Globe Award 2003 Info: PhD. Luis Oliva Ruiz, Energetic Effi- This 3rd Green Week organised by the EU Info: O.Oe. Energiesparverband, 4020 Linz, ciency Studies Center. Universidad of Oriente, Commission, DG Environment, has renewable Landstraße 45, Austria. Ave. Las Américas s/n. Santiago de Cuba, energy as a special theme. Local Green Days Ph: +43 732 7720 14386, fax: +43 732 7720 90900, Ph: 053- 22- 644509, 053- 22- 643120, in the period May 30 - June 9. 14383, [email protected], www.esv.or.at Fax: 053- 22- 687286, 053- 22- 632689 Info: European Commission, http:// e-mail: [email protected], March 18-19, 2003 europa.eu.int/comm/environment/greenweek/ [email protected], Fuel Cells for Stationary Applications, Lon- e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]. don, UK June 8-12, 2003 Driving Forward Commercialisation and December 1-12, 2003, Italy “Sharing Indigenous Wisdom: An Interna- Regulation UN Framework Convention on Climate tional Dialogue on Sustainable Develop- Info: Ola Samuelsson, 4 Cavendish Square, Change, 9th Session of the Conference of ment.” Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA London, W1G 0BX, UK. the Parties (COP 9) Info: College of Menominee Nation/Sustain- E-mail:[email protected] Info: UNFCCC Secretariat, P.O. Box 260124, able Development Institute, Delia M. Kundin D-53153 , Germany. March 19-22 2003 P.O. Box 1179, Keshena, WI 54135, USA. Ph: +49 228 8151000, Fax: +49 228 8151999 SolarExpo 2003, Verona Ph: +1-715-799-5600, E-mail: [email protected], Info: Ambiente Italia, Research Institute, E-mail: [email protected] http://www.unfccc.int Piazzetta Trento e Trieste 10/b, 32032 Feltre, www.sharingindigenouswisdom.org Ph: +39 0439 840922, fax +39 0439 849854, [email protected], www.solarexpo.com

No. 39, December 200217 Sustainable Energy News Contents Help Improving the Contact List 2002 Editorial p. 2: If you have any changes to your entry, please return this form with • Prevent Dangerous Man-made all fields filled in. The European part is in the previous issue (No. 38) Climate Change INFORSE p. 3 [ ] Please, correct our address • UNFCCC: COP8 Ends with [ ] We would like to subscribe to Sustainable Energy News (USD 25/yr) No Excitement • Coalition of the Willing for RE [ ] We are interested to be member of INFORSE (only NGOs !) Europe p. 4-7 • INFORSE-Europe Activities Please print clearly. Carefully fill in ALL the relevant categories. - New Action Plan - Seminar in 2003 at CAT, UK Name of Organisation: - Over 30 DIERET Students - More Success Stories ...... - Solar Prize to SEN - Vision 2050: Denmark, Slovakia Address: - Subsidies, EU Policy ...... - ECO-Forum Demands for Kiev - UNECE Guidelines ...... • EU Update: - Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Contact Person(1): ......

- Cap & Trade CO2 Emissions, - EU Gas & Electricity Market, Contact Person(2): ...... - Intelligent Energy in Europe - Biofuel Agreement, Ph: ...... - EU Nuclear Proposals Fax: ...... World p. 8-10 • Energy Partnership E-mail: (1) ...... • Big CDM Hydros Threaten Renewable Energy Funding E-mail: (2) ......

World Contact List http: ...... (excl. Europe) - 14 pages Description of Organisation ...... World/Education p. 11 • Education Possibilities (Finland, Activities: ...... UK, Uganda) [ ] NGO Successes in Europe p. 12-13 [ ]Governmental • ARTEFACT, Successful Solar [ ] Education School & Center in Germany [ ] Company • The First Romanian Energy Bri- [ ] R&D, Research gades in Action in a Kindergarten Please Return the form to: Sustainable Energy News / INFORSE Africa p. 14-15 Gl. Kirkevej 82, DK-8530, Hjortshøj. Denmark. • Solar Heated Water for a Hospital Fax: +45 86 22 70 96, E-mail: [email protected] in Eritrea • Biomass Kick Off in Namibia The Annual Worldwide Contact List is published by INFORSE in the Publications p. 16 Sustainable Energy News since 1992. The List includes about 800 NGOs and institutions working with renewable energy, energy efficiency, and Events p. 17 sustainable energy development. See it at http://www.inforse.org