BRIEF FOR COMMITTEE ON HEMISPHERIC SECURITY
Presented by TONYA T. AYOW Head of Secretariat/ Deputy Director (ag), Projects, CARICOM IMPLEMENTATION AGENCY FOR CRIME & SECURITY (IMPACS) WASHINGTON, DC, USA – 25 NOVEMBER, 2008
RESTRICTED 1 PRESENTATION OUTLINE OVERVIEW OF CURRENT THREAT ASSESSMENT CARICOM’ S MENU OF RESPONSES
MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK & GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS REGIONAL SECURITY MECHANISMS SUMMARY ACCOMPLISHMENTS CARICOM MARCHING FORWARD •CISNET • SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS/RIBIN • CAWS/CARIBSECS • HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT • CARIPASS • CRIMINAL DEPORTATION STRATEGY • OUTREACH ACTIVITIES
RESTRICTED COMMON THREAT AREAS
1 • Drugs and Arms Trafficking 2 • Serious Organized Crime (murders, kidnapping, counterfeiting) 3 •Public Safety and Terrorism 4 • Human Trafficking 5 • Illegal and Irregul ar Migrati on 6 • Financial and Electronic Crime 7 • Corruption
RESTRICTEDRESTRICTED SUMMARY THREAT & RISK ASSESSMENT
REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT MAINLY CHARACTERISED BY: • Porous bbdorders • Inadequately patrolled coastlines • Unmanned airstrips • Under-resourced law enforcement and security agencies •Deffficiencies in forensic capacity THAT HAS SEEN AN INCREASE IN: • Domestic and violent crime fuelled by organized crime and the illicit trade in narcotics and firearms • Transference of crimes and criminal expertise due to globalisation and freedom of travel • Negative impact from the absorption of criminal deportees, other criminal individuals and the global skills they add to the criminal landscape • Illegal Migration and trafficking in Humans • Homicides influenced by gang activities and domestic situation • Sporadic evidence of cyber and electronic crime • Vulnerabilities to electronic attacks and failures • Witness tampering and elimination DEPORTEES From their shared prison spaces in the USA, Canada and the UK…….
…….. have they established formidable criminal alliances both within their respective countries and throughout the Region.
…….. what of those hardened criminals who are now indoctrinated extremists DEPORTEESCOUNTRIES 1990 - 2005 ADDITIONS 2007 JAMAICA 33, 268* 59885,988 39, 256
TRINIDAD 2983* 272 3,255 AND TOBAGO GUYANA 932* 523 1455
ANTIGUA 283* 54 337
TOTAL 37,466* 6,837 44,303 DEPORTEES INCREASED OVER LAST TWO YEARS AT 0 – 3% Per 100,000 50% OF PRISON POPULATION ‐ JAMAICA Threat Level MODERATE
*Beyond Boundaries – A Comparative Study on Criminal Deportee in the Region, Annmarie Barnes, Ph.D MURDER RATES PER 100, 000 (2007)
24
20 32 61
37 9 13 32 4 11
30
13 6 ELEMENTS OF THE RESPONSE TO DATE
A tried and tested Management Framework
A Strengthened Border Security System
A Mechanism for the Sharinggg of Intelligence
An Efficient Regional Operational Planning Capacity A robust Legislative Framework to support the Security Architecture Ongoing initiatives to build capacity and strengthen regional security institutions Engggagement of international partners CARICOM FRAMEWORK FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CRIME AND SECURITY – JULY 2005
CONFERENCECONFERENCE OFOF HEADSHEADS OFOF GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT
LEAD HEAD OF GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBLE LEADLEAD HEADHEAD OFOF GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT RESPONSIBLERESPONSIBLE FOR CRIME AND SECURITY FORFOR CRIMECRIME ANDAND SECURITYSECURITY
Council of Ministers Responsible for Ministerial Sub – Committee On Resource CouncilCouncil ofof MinistersMinisters ResponsibleResponsible forfor MinisterialMinisterial SubSub –– Committee Committee OnOn ResourceResource National Security and Law Enforcement Mobilisation and Implementation NationalNational SecuritySecurity andand LawLaw EnforcementEnforcement MobilisationMobilisation andand ImplementationImplementation
Security Policy Advisory Committee Implementation Agency for Crime (()SEPAC) CIMA And Securityy( (IMPACS)
Standing Standing Standing Standing Standing Committee Committee Committee Committee Committee Heads of Intel Commissioners Chiefs of Military Heads Chiefs of & Financial of Police Immigration Customs Investigations REGIONAL SSSSECURITY MECHANISMS
STRENGTHENED BORDER SECURITY SYSTEM Advance Passenger Information System (APIS)and the Joint Regional Communications Centre (JRCC) CARICOM Common Visa Issuance System ADVANCE CARGO INFORMATION SYSTEM (ACIS) CARICOM TRAVEL CARD
INTELLIGENCE SHARING SYSTEM Regional Intelligence Committee (RIC) CARICOM Intelligence Sharing Network (CISNET) Regional Intelligence Fusion Centre (RIFC) CARICOM Watchlist System (CAWS)
SECURITY ASSISTANCE SYSTEM Security Assistance Treaty CARICOM Operations Planning and Coordinating Staff (COPACS)
LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK ••RobustRobust framework enabled implementation of Regional Security Strategy
RESTRICTED ADMINISTRATIVE RELATIONSHIPS
• COORDINATION WITH OTHER CARICOM CARICOM ORGANS AND SECRETARIAT INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS • POLICY FORMULATION
• MECHANISMS TO SUPPORT ENHANCED BORDER SECURITY • ADVANCE PASSENGER INFORMATION SYSTEM (APIS) • VISA SCREENING JRCC • ADVANCE CARGO INFORMATION SYSTEM (ACIS) • REGIONAL WATCHLISTS
• INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT FOR REGIONAL BORDER SECURITY AND LAW ENFORCEMENT ENTITIES • CISNET • CAWS RIFC • REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SHARING • JOINT ANALYSIS AND THREAT ASSESSMENT
• INTER-SECTOR COOPERATION • ENHANCED COLLABORATION AND INTEGRATION STANDING • POOLING OF ASSETS AND RESOURCES COMMITTEES • HARMONIZATION OF OPERATIONS •IMPLEMENTATION AND TECHNICAL • INTEGRATED TRAINING AND COORDINATION RESOURCE MANAGEMENT •POLICY RESEARCH AND PROJECT • INTEGRATED INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT •MONITORING, REVIEW AND FEEDBACK •INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND RESOURCE MOBILISATION Caribbean Community Implementation Agency for Crime & Security (IMPACS)
Evolved from the Regional Task Force on Crime Security (RTFCS) established in 2001
Based on the recommendations of the Task Force, a decision taken of the Conference of HdHeads of Governmen t at its 26th Mee ting in St Luc ia (Ju ly 2005 ) “to approve the establishment of the Management Structure for the Crime and Security Agenda” Inter-Governmental Agreement establishing IMPACS signed by Heads of Government in July 2006
Headquartered in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
IMPACS in transition/d/startup mode in Septemb er 2006
IMPACS engaged in limited operations by January 2007
Currently fully operational CARICOM IMPACS …
Is an institution of CARICOM dedicated to enhancing the individual and collective law enforcement and security capacity of CARICOM Member Sta tes
Is the nerve centre for CARICOM’S Crime & Security Management Framework which is aimed at controlling crime and effectively participating in international counter crime and security initiatives
Is primarily responsible for the IMPLEMENTATION and EXECUTION of regional projects relating to crime and security
Working alongside its sub-agencies (the JRCC and the RIFC) IMPACS reports directly to the Council of Ministers
Focuses on security related project research, management and delivery of counter crime and security agenda items
Is the focal point for technical coordination of international and regional initiatives aimed at building law enforcement and security capacity and upgrading security strategies and mechanisms ABOUT THE JOINT REGIONAL COMMUNICATIONS CENTRE Central agency which receives, analyses and disseminates passenger information to support Border Security, Intelligence and Law Enforcement Agencies
Staffed permanently by contracted and seconded law enforcement and border security officers
Engaged in 24/7 operations
Acts as the main point of contact for API from all carriers (air and maritime))gg transiting the region
Assists in detecting and monitoring persons of concern/criminal elements attempting to transit the Region. KEY FUNCTIONS OF THE JRCC
Cross checks all API data and visa applications with Regional and international watch lists/databases.
Prescreens travelers to and from any territory within the participating Member States.
Provides reliable and timely information on security concerns to regional border security and law enftforcement agigencies
Liaises with Interpol, regional NCBs and other international agencies for SLTD and other info.
Prepares analytical reports on persons of interest
77th INTERPOL General Assembly - ST PETERSBURG, RUSSIA – 7 – 10 OCTOBER, 2008 INTELLIGENCE SHARING
Initial Regional Threat Assessment
Design, development and installation of CISNET
Establishment of 24/7 Regional Intelligence Fusion Centre (RIFC) staffed primarily by seconded intelligence assets from Member States
Compilation of CARICOM Watchlist System (CAWS)
Development of CARICOM Intelligence Management System (CIMS)
Ongoing Joi nt Th reat Assessments, Intelli gence briefs, and quarterly virtual and physical meetings CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL RIFC’s KEY FUNCTIONS
To provide 24/7 support to the JRCC in Border protection
To collect information that reveals the plans, itintenti ons and capabilities of threa t entities and provides the basis for decision and action.
Toproducetimelyanalysesthatprovide insight, warning and opportunity to the decision makers charged with protecting and advancing the Region’s interests RECENT LEGISLATIVE INSTRUMENTS: Memorandum of Understanding for the Sharing of Intelligence Among Member States of the Community
Immigration (Amendment) Bill 2007
Customs (Advance Passenger and Cargo Information) Regulations 2007
Memoran dum of ItInten t (CARICOM-US) on APIS
Agreement Between [State] and [State] for the Pre-clearance of Passengers and Cargo
Treaty on Security Assistance Among CARICOM Member States
Protocol to the Treaty on Security Assistance among CARICOM Member States (COPACS)
Status of Forces Agreements CARICOM BORDER PROTECTION PROCESS 1 2 3 4
Visa Info and/or API collected Screening of API or Hit information Passenger Validation of Visas to Agencies Landed/ Not Landed/ or Other*
JRCC Barbados Access GdGranted or Denied Passenger checks in API collected
Watchlists (CAWS, InterPol, UN) & CARICOM Da ta bases
Border Security & Aircraft, Law Enforcement Ships, RIFC Trinidad agencies in YYhtachts Member States
Other* 1. Land individual and recommend detention for further action by Immigration and or Law Enforcement 2. Land individual and request Law Enforcement to monitor (surveillance) 3. Land individual and alert Law Enforcement 4. Arrest, detain and repatriate. TOTAL PASSENGERS PRE-PRE-SCREENEDSCREENED (FEB 2007 – AUG 2008)
APPROX 1.2 M PAX SCREENED MONTHLY
11,880,700 YEAR 2008
YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008
9,553,533 YEAR 2007
0 2,000,000 4,000,000 6,000,000 8,000,000 10,000,000 12,000,000 HIT ACTIVITY CARICOMCARICOM--INTERPOLINTERPOL (MARCH 2007 – PRESENT)
TOTAL NO OF CASES
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0 Qtr 2 2007 Qtr 3 2007 Qtr 4 2007 Qtr 1 2008 Qtr 2 2008 Qtr 3 2008 TOTAL NO OF CASES 14 33 74 75 53 88 RESULTS OF COOPERATION WITH INTERPOL
6 countries in WANTED, 17 DRUG EUROPE and ASIA, TRAFFICKING, 30
FRAUD, 10 TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME, 17
SLTDs, 263
•336 CASES (including 71 CC/ 266 International) •263 SLTD HITS •7 ARRESTS NOTABLE JRCC/RIFC SUCCESSES
Identified 2 Middle Eastern citizens wanted for Fraud. Deported and handed over to country of departure.
Stopped 2 hired assassins travelling to Country A to murder a potential target. Arrested and charged.
Identified a ggproup of individuals who were usin g CARICOM S pecial Visa for human trafficking. Arrested by International partner.
Detected and deported Paedophile/ Rapist in the region during CWC 07.
Stopped a known terrorist (deported to the region) from travelling to propagate his form of Islam. Deported to country of origin (Dec 2007).
Identified and arrested a known drug trafficker who was travelling through the region conducting business (January 2008).
Identified a North American wanted by a European NCB on an international warrant for Rape of a Minor. Individual arrested on outbound journey in transit through US (March 2008)
Alerted authorities of Country A of inbound travel of individual wanted by Country A and on InterPol Warrant for Fraud. Individual was arrested by Country A upon arrival. (March 2008) CARICOM OPERATIONS PLANNING AND COORDINATING STAFF (COPACS)
To coordinate the assistance of the international community to fulfil the obligations under the concept of operations
To coordinate the development of national security plans and the regional security plan
To facilitate the amalgamation and deployment of regional maritime resources
To coordinate the mobilization and deployment of operational personnel and materiel, during the operations phase
To provide task force support to complement and/or supplement operatilional capacity wihiithin MbMember States SUMMARY ACCOMPLISHMENTS Comprehensive intelligence picture of regional security threats
Culturally relevant regional security strategy and plans which were planned, managed and mainly resourced by CARICOM
Innovative use of technology in the upgrade of the regional border security and intelligence infrastructure
ICT systems designed and implemented by CARICOM resources
Innovative use of technology in the introduction of virtual communications systems to interconnect political, operational and public service stakeholders
Important new cooperative relationships formed with non‐ traditional international partners CARICOM MARCHING FORWARD…..
REGIONAL CRIME & SECURITY STRATEGY ANTI CYBER CRIME STRATEGY COUNTER PROLIFERATION STRATEGY (SALW) DEPORTATION COORDINATION STRATEGY
ENHANCED BORDER SECURITY SYSTEMS ADVANCED PASSENGER INFO SYSTEM ADVANCED CARGO INFO SYSTEM
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTELLIGENCE SHARING WITH THIRD COUNTRIES SECURITY COOPERATION WITH THIRD COUNTRIES REGIONAL AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS HEMISPHERIC ORGANIZATIONS INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS
REGIONAL CRIME MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS CARICOM AIRSPACE & MARITIME COOPERATION AGREEMENT CARICOM ARREST WARRANT TREATY REGIONAL INVESTIGATIONS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM INTEGRATED CRIMINAL RECORDS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REGIONAL INTEGRATED BALLISTICS INFORMATION NETWORK RESTRICTED 27 CISNET CARICOM Intelligence Sharing Network (CISNET) [Secure Voice/ and Data Transmission Network]
A wholly CARICOM created, owned and operated system
Developed specifically to facilitate the secure exchange of Intelligence reports and the conduct of online meetings and conference calls
Enables real time sharing of information among intelligence and law enforcement agencies of MbMember States
Its efficiency is predicated on the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the CARICOM ACCREDITATION AND WATCHLIST SYSTEM (CAWS)
The establishment of the RIFC and CISNET enhanced secure communication and enabled joint assessment of national intelligence reports. Their fusion provided a regional perspective on security issues and the development of more informed and predictive assessments. RIBIN Regional Integrated Ballistics Information Network
Targeting ‘crime guns’ through ballistic identification and sharing this inf ormat ion among CARICOM Memb er States’ law en forcement agencies and ultimately with potential ‘source countries’
Allow link age of CARICOM Memb er States’ ABIS both regi onall y an d internationally
31 32
U.S NIBIN Bermuda EURO IBIS
NATIONAL IBIS Regional Server
CARICOM Member States Associate Members OTHER Off map NETWORKS Suriname CAWS/CARIBSEC System CARICOM ACCREDITATION WATCHLIST SYSTEM (CAWS) CARIBSEC System MODULES CARIBSEC System Criteria for Watchlist COMPARISON OF SYSTEMS
CAWS CARIBSECS
Independent non scalable system An integrated modular web-based system
Centralised third party data entry and Member States controlled data entry and third party update system update system One category of data Multiple categories of data
No differentiation in the category of hits Hits separated and identified by categories Limited capacity – single entry datasets Expanded capacity – multiple entry for identification of POI’s datasets for identification of POI’s Centralised query and retrieval system Decentralised query and retrieval system
High instances of duplicate records Decreased possibility of duplication of records HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES
• Advanced intelligence • Joint Operations
analysis • Homicide Investigations n n nn • Advanced intelligence • Counter and Anti tradecraft Kidnapping operations ent:ent: itsits
• Threat and Risk assessment ding iding i
ing foring for • Ballistics Identification l lll nnnn mmmm ddd d • Cy ber crime itinte lligence an d • Forensic Interviewing investigations and Polygraph • Scenario Planning Examinations ence uence u ty builty buil nforcenforce
• Predictive Analysis city buicity bui • Forensic Sciences ggg g iii i e eee aaa a • Bomb disposal • Underwater surveillance CapCap law law CapacCapac IntelliIntelli CARIPASS
About CARIPASS (CARICOM TRAVEL CARD)
The implementation of automated electronic immigration clearances at participating Member States’ designated airports through the use of a swipe card and based on a biometric match of finggperprint and facial recognition technology.
The travel card solution, comprising of a number of interdependent systems, will integgyrate seamlessly with related Border Management Systems, the Advanced Passenger Information System (APIS) and various watch lists systems currently used for passenger vetting at the JRCC. BENEFITS OF THE TRAVEL CARD SYSTEM
A highly SECURED & TRUSTED travel regime
Faster electronic processing of low risk travelers at immigration points of entry Redeployment of scarce immigration/law enforcement resources to concentrate on international and other high risk travelers Secure/Counterfeit-proof Travel Document which can be remotely revoked/cancelled/deactivated upon request STRATEGIC Member States can increase biometric verification needs dependent on national alert states
Biomet ri c Da ta Cap ture w ith re dun dancy bu ilt in to tech nol ogy
Failsafe of Passport MRZ on Travel Card (reverse side of the card) readable on passport readers BENEFITS OF THE TRAVEL CARD SYSTEM
Expedited processing through immigration checkpoints addaddging to ttehe coveececonvenience of tethe regoaegional taveetraveler
Fewer requirements for the use of passports for regional travel CARD HOLDER Extended availability of CARICOM passports for non-regional travel
Credit card sized for portability
Minimal Risk of Counterfeiting of cards and Fraudulent Use by impostors ELIGIBILITY
Minimum age requirement -16 years
CARICOM NATIONALS, who meet the enrollment requirements (valid passport, security clearances, authentic feeder documents, etc)
Nationals of third countries legally resident within participating Member States Surname English, French, DthDutch Given Names
Facial Image
Document Number Passport NbNPlaatsumbe rvan Afgifte
Verval Datum Datu m v an Afgifte
Signature 46 CARIPASS: THE CARICOM TRAVEL CARD SYSTEM
CRIMINAL DEPORTATION STRATEGY Mandate of the CARICOM Working Group on CiCrim ina lDl Depor ta tion
The Fourth Meetingg(y of the Council of Ministers (May 2007) mandated that a Working Group (WG) be established to: • review the recommendations of all the studies, (Jamaica, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, Antigua) and arrive at consensus on those that should be recommended for adoption; • deve lop proposals for an AiAction Programme for CACOCARICOM MS, which identifies a strategy, work plan and next steps, and formulate a CARICOM policy position on criminal deportation; • give consideration to the World Bank/ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) report; • review the assessment of the IOM programme to determine its usefulness/ adaptability for the region; (based on the recommenda tion of the Caucus of Am bassa dors ) Comppgposition of the Working Group
Fourth Council decided that WG be composed as follows:
• the principal consultant, Dr. Annmarie Barnes, • a representative of each of the countries in which studies were conduc te d (Guyana, Jama ica an d Tri nid a d an d To bago ), • a representative of Antigua, the OECS agreed by Council; • a representative from IMPACS and • a representative from the CARICOM Secretariat
2 Meetings held:
• Jamaica - November 2007 • Antigua & Barbuda – October 2008 STATUS REPORT:
Studies conducted in 4 CARICOM states: Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Antigua & Barbuda
Joint Report on studies, Beyond Boundaries in final stages of publication
Studies tabled at national level and made available in public domain;
Draft Declaration considered by CONSLE and recommended to Heads
Core Elements of MOU refined by CARICOM Consultant , appended to Declaration, now pending action at CCS
Draft model proposal for the establishment of transition centres to be considered at next meeting of WG SUMMARY IMPERATIVES:
• Reactivation of Resource Mobilization Committee •Resumption of CARICOM-UK SHORT Dialogue •Resumption of CARICOM-US Dialogue TERM • Finalization of CARICOM- Interpol Cooperation Agreement
• Initiation of CARICOM-SICA Security Dialogue • Finalization of Crime Prevention MEDIUM Strategy (CARICOM-UNODC) • Review of concept of Single Domestic Space and CARICOM TERM Common Visa SUMMARY IMPERATIVES:
• Implementation of CARICOM-Interpol SHORT Cooperation Agreement • Coordination of 4th Meeting of CARICOM-UK JMC TERM • Advancement of Deportation Coordination Strategy
• Signature of MOUs for Intelligence Sharing with Third States • Roll out of CARIPASS Project • Implementation of Counter Proliferation MEDIUM (of SALW) Strategy (RIBIN etc) • Implementation of Advance Cargo Information System (ACIS) TERM • Finalization of Regional Crime and Security Strategy • Finalization of Anti Cyber Crime Strategy www.caricom.org www.cariiicomimpacs.org
Contacts: LYNNE ANNE WILLIAMS, Executive Director TlTel: +1‐868‐628‐3311 Fax: +1‐868‐628‐6795 Mobile: +1‐868‐793‐5949/+1‐246‐826‐2352 Email: [email protected] RESTRICTED