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Oversight of Missile Defense (Part 2) WHAT ARE THE PROSPECTS? WHAT ARE THE COSTS?: OVERSIGHT OF MISSILE DEFENSE (PART 2) HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL SECURITY AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF THE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION APRIL 16, 2008 Serial No. 110–149 Printed for the use of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/congress/index.html http://www.oversight.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 48–660 PDF WASHINGTON : 2009 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:41 May 07, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 U:\DOCS\48660.TXT KATIE PsN: KATIE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM HENRY A. WAXMAN, California, Chairman EDOLPHUS TOWNS, New York TOM DAVIS, Virginia PAUL E. KANJORSKI, Pennsylvania DAN BURTON, Indiana CAROLYN B. MALONEY, New York CHRISTOPHER SHAYS, Connecticut ELIJAH E. CUMMINGS, Maryland JOHN M. MCHUGH, New York DENNIS J. KUCINICH, Ohio JOHN L. MICA, Florida DANNY K. DAVIS, Illinois MARK E. SOUDER, Indiana JOHN F. TIERNEY, Massachusetts TODD RUSSELL PLATTS, Pennsylvania WM. LACY CLAY, Missouri CHRIS CANNON, Utah DIANE E. WATSON, California JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR., Tennessee STEPHEN F. LYNCH, Massachusetts MICHAEL R. TURNER, Ohio BRIAN HIGGINS, New York DARRELL E. ISSA, California JOHN A. YARMUTH, Kentucky KENNY MARCHANT, Texas BRUCE L. BRALEY, Iowa LYNN A. WESTMORELAND, Georgia ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, District of PATRICK T. MCHENRY, North Carolina Columbia VIRGINIA FOXX, North Carolina BETTY MCCOLLUM, Minnesota BRIAN P. BILBRAY, California JIM COOPER, Tennessee BILL SALI, Idaho CHRIS VAN HOLLEN, Maryland JIM JORDAN, Ohio PAUL W. HODES, New Hampshire CHRISTOPHER S. MURPHY, Connecticut JOHN P. SARBANES, Maryland PETER WELCH, Vermont ——— ——— PHIL SCHILIRO, Chief of Staff PHIL BARNETT, Staff Director EARLEY GREEN, Chief Clerk DAVID MARIN, Minority Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL SECURITY AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS JOHN F. TIERNEY, Massachusetts, Chairman CAROLYN B. MALONEY, New York CHRISTOPHER SHAYS, Connecticut STEPHEN F. LYNCH, Massachusetts DAN BURTON, Indiana BRIAN HIGGINS, New York JOHN M. MCHUGH, New York TODD RUSSELL PLATTS, Pennsylvania DAVE TURK, Staff Director (II) VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:41 May 07, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 U:\DOCS\48660.TXT KATIE PsN: KATIE C O N T E N T S Page Hearing held on April 16, 2008 .............................................................................. 1 Statement of: Gronlund, Lisbeth, Ph.D., senior scientist and co-director of the global security program, Union of Concerned Scientists, research affiliate, Program on Science, Technology and Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Richard L. Garwin, Ph.D., fellow emeritus, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, IBM Corp.; Jeff Kueter, president, George C. Marshall Institute; and Philip E. Coyle III, senior advisor, Center for Defense Information, associate director emeritus, Lawrence Liver- more National Laboratory ............................................................................ 12 Coyle, Philip E. .......................................................................................... 51 Garwin, Richard L. .................................................................................... 22 Gronlund, Lisbeth ..................................................................................... 12 Kueter, Jeff ................................................................................................ 38 Letters, statements, etc., submitted for the record by: Coyle, Philip E., III, senior advisor, Center for Defense Information, associate director emeritus, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, prepared statement of ................................................................................... 54 Garwin, Richard L., Ph.D., fellow emeritus, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, IBM Corp., prepared statement of ................................................. 25 Gronlund, Lisbeth, Ph.D., senior scientist and co-director of the global security program, Union of Concerned Scientists, research affiliate, Program on Science, Technology and Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, prepared statement of ......................................................... 16 Kueter, Jeff, president, George C. Marshall Institute, prepared statement of ..................................................................................................................... 41 Shays, Hon. Christopher, a Representative in Congress from the State of Connecticut: Information concerning testing history ................................................... 116 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 3 Tierney, Hon. John F., a Representative in Congress from the State of Massachusetts, prepared statement of ................................................... 8 (III) VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:41 May 07, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 U:\DOCS\48660.TXT KATIE PsN: KATIE VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:41 May 07, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 U:\DOCS\48660.TXT KATIE PsN: KATIE WHAT ARE THE PROSPECTS? WHAT ARE THE COSTS?: OVERSIGHT OF MISSILE DEFENSE (PART 2) WEDNESDAY, APRIL 16, 2008 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL SECURITY AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS, COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM, Washington, DC. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 3:35 p.m., in room 2157, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. John F. Tierney (chair- man of the subcommittee) presiding. Present: Representatives Tierney, Lynch, Yarmuth, Welch, Shays, Foxx, and Franks. Staff present: Dave Turk, staff director; Davis Hake, clerk; Dan Hamilton, fellow; Christopher Bright, minority professional staff member; Nick Palarino, minority senior investigator and policy ad- visor; Benjamin Chance, minority clerk; and Todd Greenwood, mi- nority research assistant. Mr. TIERNEY. A quorum is now present. The Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs hearing entitled, ‘‘What are the Prospects? What are the Costs?: Oversight of Missile Defense (Part 2),’’ will come to order. I ask unanimous consent that only the chairman and the ranking member of the subcommittee be allowed to make opening state- ments. And I ask unanimous consent that the gentleman from Ari- zona, Congressman Trent Franks, be allowed to participate in this hearing. Without objection, so ordered. I ask unanimous consent that the hearing record be kept open for 5 business days so that all members of the subcommittee will be allowed to submit a written statement for the record. And, without objection, that is so ordered. I want to extend my sincere apologies to all of the witnesses. They are substantial people who we invite to come and work with us and tell us what knowledge you have and then we have a cir- cumstance like that extended period of votes. So I hope you will ac- cept our profound apologies and know that we appreciate your being here and helping the committee out. We are going to go out of order here, because Mr. Shays has to make a brief stop elsewhere. So I have asked Mr. Shays to please do his opening remarks, and that will be followed by mine. Mr. Shays, you are recognized. (1) VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:41 May 07, 2009 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 U:\DOCS\48660.TXT KATIE PsN: KATIE 2 Mr. SHAYS. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, for scheduling this hear- ing today and continuing the subcommittee’s oversight of this im- portant topic. And thank you for your courtesy for allowing me to go out of order and make a statement first. In September 2000, our subcommittee held a hearing entitled, ‘‘National Missile Defense: Test Failures and Technology Develop- ment,’’ on precisely the issues we will examine today. In July 2002, our subcommittee held a hearing entitled, ‘‘Missile Defense: A New Organization, Evolution, Technologies, and Unrestricted Testing,’’ on required knowledge for missile defense development. Many of us forget that the National Missile Defense Act of 1999 states, ‘‘It is the policy of the United States to deploy as soon as technologically possible an effective national missile defense system capable of defending the United States against limited ballistic missile attacks.’’ Adopted with broad bipartisan support and signed into law by a Democratic President, the statute answered the question of wheth- er to deploy a missile defense shield. Its decision was supported by the current administration and has also been endorsed by Congress in the fiscal year 2008 National Defense Authorization Act. The question now is not if but, rather, how to deploy a national missile defense. Without doubt, this is an extremely complex tech- nical challenge. It literally is rocket science and demands an un- paralleled degree of technological precision. The challenges missile defense must reliably solve include launch determination, target discrimination, command and control coordination, and target interception. With such daunting demands, one can only expect the program to progress unevenly and experience a certain degree of setback. We are here to look at the technical process of the progress of the program since those hearings. Over the past decade, Congress has appropriated
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