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Time to Uncover the Histories of Occupation and Oppression

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Time to Uncover the Histories of Occupation and Oppression Quarterly Magazine Volume 3, Issue 3 - July 2021 / Dhul Hijjah 1442 ISSN 2632-3168 £5 where sold Time to Uncover the Histories of Occupation and Oppression OLSI JAZEXHI DENIJAL JEGI IAN ALMOND MASSOUD SHADJAREH ć How did Israel go from Liberating Lebanon Terrorism Got COVID: Why We Need to Get Pariah to become and Decolonising the Or, The Constant- Beyond Regimes of God’s Chosen Nation Discourse that Threat News-Culture Anti-terrorism, and in the Balkans? Occupies It We Live In Fast In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful he recent Israeli war on Palestinians cally the ‘threat’ of terrorism that most of Contents: has highlighted once more – despite us in the Westernised world had become the best efforts of powerful countries accustomed to on a daily basis for almost and compliant media – the brutality of the two decades. That is, until the beginning TIsraeli project of occupation. As with pre - of the pandemic. Having fallen off the 3 Olsi Jazexhi : vious such wars, the limelight soon fades news agenda almost entirely, Almond ar - How did Israel go from Pariah as ceasefires are called, and the ongoing gues that the Coronavirus crisis has ex - stifling of Palestinian life and aspirations, posed the news media as complicit in to become God’s Chosen by routine physical and psychological vio - promoting an exaggerated image of the Nation in the Balkans? lence remains invisible. The strategies – dangers society faces from ‘terrorism’. This military and political – that mask this bru - exaggeration serves the interests of elites, tality and injustice feature in two of this is - whilst simultaneously providing salacious sues’ articles. The tropes used to justify Denijal Jegić: ongoing news content that panders to the 6 such violence are identified in the dissec - needs of a 24-hour news cycle. He hopes Liberating Lebanon and tion of news media and political tropes Decolonising the that the hiatus is noticed by the average and processes that create the ‘threat’ of the news consumer, and that this is the start of Discourse that Occupies It Muslim / terrorist other. a more critical evaluation on the part of the Our lead essay focuses on the general public of the processes of big turnaround of Israel’s fortunes and posi - media organisations and the political tion in the Balkans, specifically in Albania Ian Almond: agendas they serve. and Kosovo. Olsi Jazexhi argues that the 10 Terrorism Got COVID: Our final essay looks at the bigger pic - lobbying by the Israeli government and the ture behind and ahead of the anti-terror - Or, The Constant-Threat cajoling of the US of Albania and Kosovo ism regime in the UK. Taking an overview News-Culture We Live In into striking vociferous pro-Israel alliances of 20 years of laws and policies, Massoud is a lesson for other Muslim majority coun - Shadjareh argues that in challenging each tries. Such shifting of political cultures – incoming piece of legislation or new policy, from countries which had had pro-Pales - Massoud Shadjareh : we have lost sight of the shift in social and 12 tinian governments, civil society and Why We Need to Get political mores. Those norms now sup - publics, to the current situation, was made Beyond Regimes of Anti- press political dissent across the spectrum with the help of well-worn Islamophobic terrorism, and Fast and police the thoughts and aspirations of tropes being adopted into official discourse many more than just the Muslims, for and used to silence dissenting voices, par - whom such laws and programs were ini - ticularly but not solely, amongst the reli - tially designed. From the appointment of gious Muslim population. Whilst much Islamophobes to key positions to the ever has been made of the recent ‘normalisa - widening scope for being branded an ex - tion’ between certain Arab states and Is - tremist, the political landscape in the UK rael, the lesser-known history of has narrowed, with Muslims now just one ‘normalisation’ in the Balkans is one that of many groups excluded from having any needs to be heeded and learned from. political and sometimes even social agency. The Alongside military partnerships, civil soci - As this edition goes to print, news that ety finds itself often criminalised on the a(nother) 11-year-old child has been re - ong View basis of Islamophobic tropes that recycle L Quarterly Magazine ferred to Prevent – by their teacher - based colonial motifs of the Muslim and Islam as on his comment that he wanted to ‘give violent, anti-Semitic and barbaric. alms to the oppressed’ – highlights the These tropes are also what has been in - level of thought policing that exists in this ternalised by mainstream media in its dis - country. It also evidences how the malign cussion – or in fact lack of discussion – of shadow of Islamophobia hangs large over Editor: the almost daily violence inflicted by Israel all social settings from which even children Arzu Merali on Lebanon. In our second essay in this are not safe. issue, Denijal Jengi argues that the colo - Shadjareh ends with a plea to Muslim nial project that is Isrćael relies upon the re - The Long View is a project civil society to end its internalisation of the cycling and reproduction of such and publication of Islamic narratives that have led it to capitulate in stereotypes, which serve to render invisible large part to the Prevent agenda, and team Human Rights Commission the military incursions perpetrated against up with other affected groups and like- (a limited company no 04716690). Lebanon. Decolonising the region, he ar - minded activists to challenge what has gues, relies on actors rejecting these tropes been happening. As all our contributors Web www.ihrc.org.uk and resisting the representation of them - argue, it is time to see and to make seen the E [email protected] selves and their aspirations. In this the fate injustices that have been hidden in plain Tel +44 20 8904 4222 of Lebanon and Palestine are intertwined, sight. Help us to do so by joining this con - where liberation is not solely about physi - versation. All views are the authors' own and do cal sovereignty but also language and not reflect IHRC's views or beliefs. meaning. Ian Almond highlights the pervasive - Arzu Merali Cover illustration by Alireza ness of ‘threat’ in our culture, and specifi - Editor Bahmanpour Join the conversation by emailing us on [email protected] , tweeting @ihrc or find us on Facebook. You can even send us an old fashioned letter to IHRC, PO Box 598, Wembley, HA9 7XH, UK. Or pop by to the IHRC Bookshop, (when the coronavirus crisis has subsided), for one of our events at 202 Preston Road, Wembley, HA9 8PA. We are still holding events online so tune in to www.ihrc.tv. Find out what events are coming up at www.ihrc.org.uk/events . 2 The Long View - Quarterly Magazine July 2021 / Dhul Hijjah 1442 Israel's influence in the Balkans How did Israel go from Pariah to become God’s Chosen Nation in the Balkans? Olsi Jazexhi looks at the often overlooked history of pro-Palestinian sentiment and pro-Israel lobbying in the Balkans. This history, he argues, is an essential portent for other countries. he demise of the Soviet Union con - Ummah. Turkey, Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, istan and Malaysia closed their embassies stituted a turning point in the rela - United Arab Emirates, Malaysia and Pak - and left the country. These policies were fol - tions of many Balkan states not only istan were some of the major Islamic coun - lowed by the government of Sali Berisha with the West, the United States and tries which opened embassies in Tirana and (2005 – 2013) during which time Albania es - NATO but even Israel. The establishment of supported Albanians with investments and tablished direct flights with Israel (2008). In US hegemony over the Balkans after the fall training. These relations made Israel suspi - 2011 Berisha declared Iran a Nazi state and Tof communism brought along major political cious towards Albania. kept the side of Israel at the UN against the changes in the perception of Israel and the The hostility between Albania and Israel Palestinians bidding for statehood. The Palestinian issue. If during the era of com - was publicly demonstrated in 1999 when warming of relations culminated in 2012 munism most socialist Balkan states, Alba - NATO intervened in Kosovo to stop the Ser - when the Israeli Foreign Minister, Avigdor nia, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia sided with the bian military suppression of ethnic Albani - Liberman announced the opening of the Is - Arabs and Palestinians, after the American ans. Israel did not welcome this. Its Foreign raeli Embassy in Tirana. A few months later, takeover of Eastern Europe most established Minister Ariel Sharon protested the U.S.-led in 2013, the government of Sali Berisha relations with Israel, 1 which before the 1990s bombing campaign against Yugoslavia, de - turned Albania into one of the major allies of was considered a tool of Western imperialism claring that NATO intervention could help Israel in the Balkans in its war against Iran. against the Arab peoples and states. transform an autonomous Kosovo into a It offered asylum to 210 members of the Albania was one of the strongest denun - springboard for Islamic fundamentalist ter - Iranian terrorist organisation the Muja - ciators of Israeli imperialism in the Middle rorism. Sharon warned the American Jewish hedin-e Khalq (MKO, MEK). The final set - East. Enver Hoxha described Israel as the leaders that Kosovo could “turn into a part of tlement of MKO ended in 2016 when Edi gendarmerie of US imperialism in the region, Greater Albania, and to serve as a base for Rama was Prime Minister and 3000 fighters armed to the teeth in order to make bloody radical Islamic terrorism—a core of which al - settled in the country.
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