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European Strategies of the New Right - the Example of the FPÖ
European Strategies of the New Right - the example of the FPÖ The European politics of the FPÖ (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs / Freedom Party of Austria) is not only a mirror of the entire diversity of a quite contradictory and in parts very tactical relationship of the entire New Right towards "Europe". Due to the character of the FPÖ as a populistic mass movement, the European politics of the FPÖ is often characterized by short- and medium-term concerns of realpolitik (= pragmatic politics). On the one hand, the aim is to maximize votes with populistic discourses and actions before elections, on the other to serve the economic interests of the industrialists and business circles that maintain close relations to the party. This may at least give a rough idea of the reasons for the relatively jerky changes and the lack of consistency in the position of the FPÖ towards the European Union. Nevertheless, a careful reading of various FPÖ publications reveals a view of Europe that in spite of variations in the tactical and strategic reflections shows a certain degree of continuity. The position of the FPÖ has to be seen in the context of an ideological evolution of the party which needs to be presented here so that its position on Europe can be situated in an ideological context. Continuities of the "Third Camp" In Austria, the FPÖ represents the so-called "Third Camp" that has evolved in the 19th century as a quite heterogeneous camp between national liberalism and German nationalism and has largely merged, in the 30ies of the 20th century, into the Austrian sections of the NSDAP (National- Sozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter-Partei / National-Socialist German Workers' Party). -
The Black International in Europe from 1945 to the Late 1980S
Political models to make Europe (since modern era) The Black International in Europe from 1945 to the late 1980s Olivier DARD ABSTRACT The subject of a European “Black International” of neo-fascist or neo-Nazi inspiration was very popular among journalists during the “Years of Lead” (1970-1980). Although the European radical Right tried after 1945 to establish a neo-fascist International, known as the European Social Movement, the attempt ended in failure. The absence of a structured organization did not however diminish the important international links present especially from the 1960s to the 1980s. From doctrines with common themes and references to publications in publishing houses, along with radio and press agencies, the European radical Right expressed itself through circulations, networks and transfers. This did not take the form of a “black orchestra” so dear to its detractors during the 1970s, but rather of an informal albeit active International. The Venice conference's signatories: Jean Thiriart, Adolf von Thadden, Oswald Mosley, an unknown person, Giovanni Lanfre. During the 1970s, a series of journalistic essays proclaimed the existence of a “neo-fascist” or “neo-Nazi” International, said to have been formed in the mold of the Organisation armée secrète (OAS) [Secret Army Organization], a terrorist organization that had fought to uphold French Algeria. Its history apparently extended to Europe and Latin America, where this “OAS International” allegedly found supporters and built support bases. Rejecting this vision fuelled on sensationalism does not prevent one from exploring the long-standing relations of the European radical Right at the international level. The interwar period was characterized by an attempt to establish a fascist International (1934 Montreux fascist conference), and the Spanish Civil War saw the arrival of volunteer contingents to fight alongside the Francoists. -
Curriculum Vitae-Hank Johnston
CURRICULUM VITAE HANK JOHNSTON Professor of Sociology Hansen Chair of Peace and Nonviolence Studies Publisher and managing editor, Mobilization: An International Quarterly Department of Sociology 220 Nasatir Hall San Diego State University San Diego, CA 92182-4423 Phone: 619.594.1323, Fax: 619.594.2835 [email protected] EDUCATION Ph.D., Sociology. University of California, San Diego M.B.A., New York University. AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION Social movements and nonviolent protest, with emphasis on civil resistance, peaceful transitions from repressive state regimes, and the violence-nonviolence spiral in ethnonationalist movements. Also, the cultural analysis of mobilization processes. Social change, with emphasis on state building, peaceful democratic transitions, world- systems and globalization theory. Social psychology, with emphasis on symbolic interaction, framing perspectives, discourse analysis, and ethnic conflict/conflict resolution. Comparative ethnic relations, with concentration in minority nationalism, ethnonationalist movements, ethnic relations and state building, both in the U.S. and internationally. ACADEMIC EMPLOYMENT Professor of Sociology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4423. Hansen Chair of Peace and Nonviolence Studies. Courses regularly taught: Social Psychology, Social Movements, Political Sociology, Social Change, Social Theory, Minority Group and Ethnic Relations. New Course: Nonviolence, Peace, and Social Change. Founding Editor and Publisher. Mobilization: An International Quarterly, Department of Sociology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. 92182-4423. Mobilization is a highly ranked sociology journal based on citation indices. It has been published contin- uously at the Center for the Study of Social Movements, Department of Sociology, San Diego State University, since 1996. Hank Johnston 2 Series Editor, Mobilization Series on Protest, Social Movements and Culture. -
Another Europe: Conceptions and Practices of Democracy in the European Social Forums/Edited by Donatella Della Porta
Another Europe Given the recent focus on the challenges to representative democracy, and the search for new institutions and procedures that can help to channel increasing participation, this book offers empirical insights on alternative conceptions of democracy and the actors that promote them. With a focus on the conceptions and practices of democracy within contempo- rary social movements in Europe, this volume contributes to the debate on the dif- ferent dimensions of democracy, especially on representation and participation. The book explores the transnational dimension of democracy and addresses a relevant, and little analysed aspect of Europeanization: the Europeanization of social move- ments. From a methodological point of view, the research innovates by covering a group of individuals traditionally neglected in previous studies: social movement activists. The various chapters combine analysis of the individuals’ attitudes and behaviour with that of the organizational characteristics, procedures and practices of democracy. Providing a cross-national comparison on the global justice movement, the theoretical challenges of the new wave of protest and the rich empirical data this book will appeal to students and scholars of sociology, political sociology, social movement studies, and transnational as well as comparative politics. Donatella della Porta is professor of sociology in the Department of Political and Social Sciences at the European University Institute, Italy. Routledge/ECPR studies in European political science Edited by Thomas Poguntke, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany on behalf of the European Consortium for Political Research The Routledge/ECPR Studies in European Political Science series is published in association with the European Consortium for Political Research – the leading organization concerned with the growth and development of political science in Europe. -
Dreaming of a National Socialist World: the World Union of National Socialists (Wuns) and the Recurring Vision of Transnational Neo-Nazism
fascism 8 (2019) 275-306 brill.com/fasc Dreaming of a National Socialist World: The World Union of National Socialists (wuns) and the Recurring Vision of Transnational Neo-Nazism Paul Jackson Senior Lecturer in History, University of Northampton [email protected] Abstract This article will survey the transnational dynamics of the World Union of National Socialists (wuns), from its foundation in 1962 to the present day. It will examine a wide range of materials generated by the organisation, including its foundational docu- ment, the Cotswolds Declaration, as well as membership application details, wuns bulletins, related magazines such as Stormtrooper, and its intellectual journals, Nation- al Socialist World and The National Socialist. By analysing material from affiliated organisations, it will also consider how the network was able to foster contrasting rela- tionships with sympathetic groups in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Europe, al- lowing other leading neo-Nazis, such as Colin Jordan, to develop a wider role interna- tionally. The author argues that the neo-Nazi network reached its height in the mid to late 1960s, and also highlights how, in more recent times, the wuns has taken on a new role as an evocative ‘story’ in neo-Nazi history. This process of ‘accumulative extrem- ism’, inventing a new tradition within the neo-Nazi movement, is important to recog- nise, as it helps us understand the self-mythologizing nature of neo-Nazi and wider neo-fascist cultures. Therefore, despite failing in its ambitions of creating a Nazi- inspired new global order, the lasting significance of the wuns has been its ability to inspire newer transnational aspirations among neo-Nazis and neo-fascists. -
Youth and Social Movements
Youth Participation in Contemporary European Social Movements Cristina Flesher Fominaya Introduction Policy makers and academics have long observed -and despaired of -the perceived lack of interest of youth in political participation. While it is true that youth interest in and participation in formal political institutions and processes such as voting have declined over the past decades, along with trust in democratic institutions and leaders, it is only when applying a very narrow definition of political participation1 that one could conclude that youth have a low participation or interest in politics. If we broaden our definition beyond participation in elections and formal political institutions to include participation in civic and voluntary associations and in protest and social movements, the picture changes considerably. While it is true that youth are less inclined to vote in elections, the cases of the Colour Revolutions and the elections after the 11-M Madrid bombings (Flesher Fominaya 2011) show that at key moments youth will vote, and will work hard to mobilize the non-voting electorate. In this article I will focus on youth participation in social movements in contemporary Europe, highlighting some general characteristics over the past decades, as well as examples of key movements in which youth participation has been notable. First, however, a definition of social movements is in order. Defining social movements Definitions of social movements in the academic literature tend to be centered around some or all of the following characteristics: collective or joint action 1 For an overview of definitions of political participation in the context of a discussion of youth, see Forbrig (2005). -
Collusion Or Homegrown Collaboration?
Collusion or Homegrown Collaboration? Connections between German Far Right and Russia Marlene Laruelle Ellen Rivera April, 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Authors’ Bios .............................................................................................................................. 3 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 6 The AfD Ecosystem: Russia’s Pillar of Influence ........................................................................... 9 Russian Media Support for the AfD ........................................................................................ 12 Canvassing the Russian-German Minority ............................................................................. 15 Visits to Crimea and Donbas ................................................................................................... 16 The Echo Chambers Ecosystem: Peripherical Groups and Individuals....................................... 20 German Centre for Eurasian Studies ....................................................................................... 20 Analytical Media Eurasian Studies (AMES) ............................................................................ -
Uniting the Far Right: How the Far-Right Extremist, New Right, and Populist Frames Overlap on Twitter – a German Case Study
European Societies ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/reus20 Uniting the far right: how the far-right extremist, New Right, and populist frames overlap on Twitter – a German case study Reem Ahmed & Daniela Pisoiu To cite this article: Reem Ahmed & Daniela Pisoiu (2020): Uniting the far right: how the far-right extremist, New Right, and populist frames overlap on Twitter – a German case study, European Societies, DOI: 10.1080/14616696.2020.1818112 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2020.1818112 Published online: 13 Oct 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 4 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=reus20 EUROPEAN SOCIETIES https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2020.1818112 Uniting the far right: how the far-right extremist, New Right, and populist frames overlap on Twitter – a German case study Reem Ahmed a and Daniela Pisoiu b aUniversity of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; bAustrian Institute for International Affairs, Austria ABSTRACT Recent elections in Europe have demonstrated a steady rise in the success of right-wing populist parties. While advancing an anti-immigration agenda, these parties have been adamant to distance themselves from ‘right-wing extremism’. This article analyses a sample of tweets collected from the Twitter accounts of the German AfD, Identitarian Movement and the Autonomous Nationalists by employing frame analysis. We conclude that the frames of far-right actors classified as extremist, New Right, and populist in fact converge and we discuss our findings in the context of related case studies in other European countries. -
Eurasia? the Difficult Establishment of Neo-Eurasianism in Spain Nicolas Lebourg
Arriba Eurasia? The Difficult Establishment of Neo-Eurasianism in Spain Nicolas Lebourg To cite this version: Nicolas Lebourg. Arriba Eurasia? The Difficult Establishment of Neo-Eurasianism in Spain. Marlene Laruelle. Eurasianism and european far right : reshaping the Europe-Russia relationship, 2015. hal- 01696047 HAL Id: hal-01696047 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01696047 Submitted on 30 Jan 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. DRAFT Chapter Six Arriba Eurasia? The Difficult Establishment of Neo-Eurasianism in Spain Nicolas Lebourg [6.0] As a movement, neo-Eurasianism is far removed from the nationalist tradi- tions of Spanish politics. It was imported as part of the long quest for new ideas and doctrinal references that followed the dictatorship of General Fran- cisco Franco, who ruled from 1939 to 1975. Neo-Eurasianism is one of the ideological products patched together in the hope of resolving a political impasse—the far right has been limited to around 1 percent of the vote since the return to representative democracy in 1977. In addition to electoral impo- tence, the Spanish extreme right is characterized by exceptional fragmenta- tion and powerful heteronomy compared with its European counterparts, especially in France and Italy. -
Urban Continent, Urban Activism? European Cities and Social Movement Activism
Urban Continent, Urban Activism? European Cities and Social Movement Activism Matthew Schoene Assistant Professor Department of Anthropology & Sociology Albion College [email protected] Keywords: Social Movements; European Union; Urban Sociology; Political Action Direct correspondences to: Matthew Schoene, Department of Anthropology & Sociology, Robinson Hall, Albion College, Albion MI 49224, [email protected]. I wish to thank Dr. Andrew Martin, Dr. J. Craig Jenkins and Dr. Rachel Dwyer for helpful comments and feedback during the process of writing this paper. I also express my gratitude to the three anonymous reviewers for the helpful comments. A previous version of this paper was presented at the 2015 annual meeting of the American Sociological Society in Chicago, Illinois. Matthew Schoene is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at Albion College. His research focuses on how cities facilitate social movement activity, especially in the European Union. His current projects include a study of how rising urban inequality influences European social movements, and a study of social movement organizations headquartered in global cities. 1 ABSTRACT The European Union is currently experiencing a major protest wave (Kriesi 2012; Othengrafen et al. 2015). Citizens all over the continent are taking to the streets in droves to express their dissatisfaction with austerity policies, high unemployment, ineffective leadership and other issues. Many of these protests have been centered in large cities, but while some scholarly work notes the expressly urban nature of contemporary social movement activity (Anthony & Crenshaw 2014), no studies test the effect of urban residential status on the likelihood of social movement participation in the presence of other factors. -
Backgrounds, Experiences and Responses to Online Hate Speech: a Comparative Cross-Country Analysis
Backgrounds, Experiences and Responses to Online Hate Speech: A Comparative Cross-Country Analysis This report was produced within the framework of the project "PRISM - Preventing, Redressing and Inhibiting hate speech in new Media”, co-funded by the European Union and coordinated by Associazione Arci The report was elaborated by: Olga Jubany and Malin Roiha, Universitat de Barcelona Based on the national reports by: La Ligue de l’enseignement, France (M. Roturier, E-L. Gay & M. Schoger) ARCI and CITTALIA, Italy (M. Giovannetti & C. Minicucci) FDP, Romania (I. Codreanu) UB, Spain (O. Jubany, M. Roiha, J. Bestard & A. Martínez) ROTA, UK (R-E. Preotescu) Disclaimer The content of this report does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed therein lies entirely with the authors. 2 Table of Contents PART I – Setting the Scene....................................................................................................................... 5 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1. Definitions of hate speech ....................................................................................................... 6 1.2. Previous research and concepts in relation to online hate speech ........................................ 7 2. Methodology, scope and sample .................................................................................................. 11 -
The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements, Edited by David A
Snow / Blackwell Companion to Social Movements 17.11.2003 6:26pm page 1 The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements Snow / Blackwell Companion to Social Movements 17.11.2003 6:26pm page 2 BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO SOCIOLOGY The Blackwell Companions to Sociology provide introductions to emerging topics and theoretical orientations in sociology as well as presenting the scope and quality of the discipline as it is currently configured. Essays in the Companions tackle broad themes or central puzzles within the field and are authored by key scholars who have spent considerable time in research and reflection on the questions and controversies that have activated interest in their area. This authoritative series will interest those studying sociology at advanced undergraduate or graduate level as well as scholars in the social sciences and informed readers in applied disciplines. The Blackwell Companion to Social Theory, Second Edition Edited by Bryan S. Turner The Blackwell Companion to Major Social Theorists Edited by George Ritzer The Blackwell Companion to Political Sociology Edited by Kate Nash and Alan Scott The Blackwell Companion to Medical Sociology Edited by William C. Cockerham The Blackwell Companion to Sociology Edited by Judith R. Blau The Blackwell Companion to Major Classical Social Theorists Edited by George Ritzer The Blackwell Companion to Major Contemporary Social Theorists Edited by George Ritzer The Blackwell Companion to Criminology Edited by Colin Sumner The Blackwell Companion to the Sociology of Families Edited by Jacqueline Scott, Judith Treas, and Martin Richards The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements Edited by David A. Snow, Sarah A. Soule, and Hanspeter Kriesi The Blackwell Companion to Law and Society Edited by Austin Sarat Forthcoming The Blackwell Companion to the Sociology of Culture Edited by Mark Jacobs and Nancy Hanrahan Snow / Blackwell Companion to Social Movements 17.11.2003 6:26pm page 3 The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements Edited by David A.