THE

Nature's Laws, God's Laws; Obey and Live.

VOL. 10. BATTLE CREEK, MICH., DECEMBER, 1875. NO. 12.

Clothing. It is much to be regretted that women do not always wear woolen next the skin, wheth- BY DR. EDWARD SMITH, F. R. 8. er in summer or winter; and still more so, that there are men who are much exposed to THE requisite clothing depends upon the cold, and do not wear it. All persons should coldness of the weather, and as we live in a wear it from their infancy. very variable climate, the necessary amount 2. As to outer clothing. It is necessary varies more than daily. that there should be an outer garment which 1. As to the underclothing. Linen next may be worn or thrown off according to the the skin very readily gives a sensation of weather and the sensation of heat. This may cold after the body has been heated and has be a cloak, coat, or shawl ; and provided the perspired, so that it rather tends to give trunk be covered, the arms and legs may be than to prevent colds. Cotton absorbs a' covered or uncovered. This should be of larger quantity of moisture, and is much woolen, even for women, and even in warm warmer under the same circumstances, but weather. woolen, while it absorbs less, is the warmest 3. The intermediate clothing. This must of all. As the skin perspires in hot weather depend upon the means of the wearer, mode it is not desirable to wear linen next it, and of life, and season. In cold weather it should cotton or woolen should be substituted accord- no doubt be of wool, whether for women or ing to the heat of the weather. In cold or men ; but at other seasons calico and silk cool weather there can be no doubt that may be substituted for women, and perhaps woolen is preferable, but in the heat of sum- linen for men. The very proper tendency of mer cotton may be substituted. In our cli- our day is, however, in favor of wearing mate we are, however, liable to chilly even- woolen fabrics for outdoor wear by both sexes, ings with warm days, and a thin woolen vest and-at almost all seasons ; but in the hot sea- is safer than an extra cotton shirt. son they are exceedingly light, and of open Woolen vests for cold weather may be texture. They are also the most economical, either thick woven Scotch shirts, or made of and, as now manufactured, look extremely fine Welsh flannel. Fitting the body is, well. How much better does a good woolen however, quite as important as closeness of dress look than a dirty and crushed calico, texture, for if they do not fit well the cold and in the end how much cheaper Hence, air will find ready access underneath. Hence at all seasons, and for every kind of clothing the woven shirt is often a better protector for outdoor wear, woolen is to be preferred. than flannel, but the texture should be close. When silk or very light fabrics are worn This is also the case when in any weather by women there should be sufficient under- much exertion is followed by rest, in which clothing, besides the woolen vest. latter state cold may be readily taken. In warm Clothing in the house must necessarily dif- weather a thinner wool, as that of merino, may fer from that for outdoor at the same season, be substituted, and unless the weather be very but the difference should be chiefly in the hot it is generally the proper clothing. outer garment. In this respect, hovfever, persons differ, as There are few if any subjects so important they do or do not perspire readily, and as in the management of children as clothing, to their skins are sensitive ; for he who per- protect them from changes of temperature ; spires readily requires woolen to prevent cold, and both for them and for the old it is desir- whilst a dry and hot skin may be sufficiently able that it should be such as shall not op- protected by calico clothing. press by heat or starve with cold. Too much 354 THE HEALTH REFORMER. clothing, by causing the skin to perspire free- the warmth of their extremities, for the cir- ly, makes them more liable to take colds, culation being feeble and the production of whilst undue cold lessens vitality. Persons heat small, the hands and feet may become in middle life are more able to resist these as cold, and exhaustion, leading to death, may all other influences. result. Clothing at night is also worthy of attention. Nothing but flannel or some other woolen A thick and heavy cotton counterpane weighs clothing can be sufficient protection to either down the body without giving much warmth, of these classes, and much injury results from so that the body is working during sleep, the absence of it. and is less refreshed in the morning. Except the sheets, all coverings of the bed should be of wool, which gives the greatest warmth in King James's Counterblaste to Tobacco. proportion to its weight, and the counterpane should be either equal to a blanket, or a (Concluded.) blanket should be substituted for it, and a thin light covering like a sheet thrown over THE second Argument, grounded on a show it. If there be too much warmth the body of reason, is, That this filthie smoake, as well is relaxed, the skin made sensitive, and health through the heat and strength thereof as by is impaired. If too little warmth, the body a naturall force and qualitie, is able and fit is unnecessarily wasted by loss of heat. The to purge both the head and stomacke of old rule is, however, a good one ; viz., to keep Rewmes and distillations, as experience teach- the feet warm and the head cool. Hence, the eth, by the spitting and auoyding fleame im- number of blankets to be used must vary mediately after taking of it. But the fallacy with the weather and season. of this Argument may easily appeare, by my Young children and old people need more late preceding description of the Meteors. clothing at night than those of middle age, For euen as the smoakie vapors sucked vp by and in winter the most is required, for all the Sunne, and staied in the lowest and colde ages, at about four to six o'clock in the morn- Region of the ayre, are there contracted into ing, when the cold is the greatest. The sick cloudes and turned into raine and such other demand great consideration in this matter, watery Meteors. So this stinking smoake and usually need more clothing than those being sucked vp by the Nose, and imprisoned who are well. in the colde and moist braines, is by their What kind of night-dress should be worn colde and wett facultie, turned and cast foorth Some say a calico covered by a woolen dress, againe in watery distillations, and so are you and others calico only. The very young and made free and purged of nothing but that aged should have the former, and those of wherewith you wilfully burdened your selues ; middle age the latter ; but if there be rheum- and therefore are you no wiser in taking To- atism about the shoulders, it is better to wear bacco for purging you of distillations, then if the former, and to cover the arms. With for preventing the Cholicke you would take such a woolen dress fewer blankets will be all kinde of windie meates and drinkes, and required. for preuenting of the Stone you would take In traveling, and when making very vary- all kinde of meates and drinkes that would ing degrees of exertion, it is desirable to carry breede grauell in the kidneyes, and then when a Scotch plaid shawl of fine wool, which is you were forced to auoyde much winde out both light and warm, and May be used by of your stomacke, and much grauell in your night or day, and over any part of the body. Vrine, that you should attribute the thanke Woolen stockings are desirable for persons thereof to such nourishments as bred those with cold feet, and are perhaps better than within you, that behoued either to be expelled cotton for everybody ; and shoes or hoots, by the force of Nature, or you to haue burst strong and thick, according to the season and at the broad side, as the Proverbe is. work, should be worn. How easily the mindes of any people, Especial care should be taken as to the wherewith God has replenished this world, clothing of infants and very old people in may be drawen to the foolish affectation of cold weather, for the absence of a sufficient any noueltie, I leaue it to the discreet iudg- degree of heat often causes death. It need ment of any man that is reasonable. not entirely cover the face of infants, as we * * * sometimes see, for then they could scarcely Thus hauing, as I trust, sufficiently an- breathe, and are liable to suffocation ; but it swered the most principal) arguments that is desirable that such young creatures should are vsed in defence of this vile custome, it not breathe extremely cold air. In reference rests onely to informe you what sinnes and to the aged, great attention should be paid to vanities you commit in the filthie abuse • THE HEALTH REFORMER. 355 thereof. First, are you not guiltie of sinne- Empire. And this very custome of taking full and shamefull lust? (for lust may bee as Tobacco (whereof our present purpose is) is, well in any of the senses as in feeling) that, euen at this day, accounted so effeminate although you bee troubled with no disease, among the Indians themselues, as in the but in perfect health, yet can you neither bee market they will offer no price for a slaue to merrie at an Ordinarie, nor lasciuious in the' bee sold, whome they find to bee a great To- Stewes, if you lecke Tobacco to prouoke your bacco taker. appetite to any of those sorts of recreation, Now how you are by this custome disabled lusting after it as the children of Israel did in your goods, let the Gentry of this land in the wilderness after Quailes. Secondly, beare witnease, some of them bestowing it is, as you vse, or rather abuse it, a branche three, some foure hundred pounds a yeere of the sinne of drunkenness, which is the vpon this precious stinke, which I am sure roote of all shines ; for as the onely delight might bee bestowed vpon many farre better that drunkards take in Wine is in the vses. I read, indeede, of a knauish Courtier, strength of the taste and the force of the who for abusing the fauour of the Emperor fume thereof that mounts vp to the braine ; Alexander Seureus, his Master, by taking for no drunkards loue any weake or sweet bribes to intercede for sundry persons in his drinke ; so are not those (I meane the strong Masters eare, (for whom he neuer once heate and the fume) the onely qualities that opened his mouth) was iustly choked with make Tobacco so delectable to all the loners smoake, with this doome, Fumo pereat, gui of it. And as no man likes strong headie fumum vendidit ; but of so many smoake- drinke the first day (because nemo repente fit buyers as are at this present in this kingdome turpissimus) but by custome is piece and I neuer read nor heard. piece allured, while in the ende, a drunkard And for the vanities committed by this fil- will haue,as great a thirst to bee drunke as a thie custome, is it not both great vanitie and sober man to quench his thirst with a draught vncleanenesse that, at the table, a place of when hee hath need of it. So is not this the respect, of cleanlinesse, of modeatie, men very case of all the great takers of Tobacco ? should not bee ashamed to sit tossing of To- which therefore they themselues doe attribute bacco pipes, and puffing of the smoake of To- to a bewitching qualitie in it. bacco one to another, making the filthie Thirdly, is it not the greatest sinne of all, smoake and stinke thereof to exhale athwart that you, the people of all sortes of this King- the dishes and infect the ayre, when very dome, who are created and ordeined by God often, men that abhorre it are at their repast. to besto we both your persons and goods for Surely smoake becomes a kitchen far better the maintenance both of the honour and then a Dining chamber, and yet it makes a safetie of your King and Commonwealth, kitchen also oftentimes in the inward parts should disable your selues in both I In your of men, soiling and infecting them with an persons hailing by this continuall vile custome vnctuous and oily kinde of Soote, as hath brought your selues to this shamefull imbe- bene found in some great Tobacco takers, cilitie that you are not able to ride or walke that after their death were opened. And the iourney of a Iewes Sabboth, but you not only meate time, but no other time nor must haue a reekie cole brought you from action is exempted from the publike vse of the next poore house to kindle your Tobacco this vnciuill tricke ; so as if the wiues of with, whereas hee cannot bee thought able for Diepe list to contest with this Nation for any seruice in the warres that cannot endure good maners, their woast maners would in all oftentimes the want of meate, drinke and reason bee found at least not so dishonest (as sleepe, much more than must hee endure the ours are) in this point. The publike vse want of Tobacco. In the times of the many whereof, at all times and in all places, hath glorious and victorious battailes fought by now so farre preuailed, as diners men, very this Nation, there was no word of Tobacco. sound both in iudgement and complexion, But now, if it were time of warres, and that haue bene at last forced to take it also with- you were to make some sudden Caualcado out desire, partly because they were ashamed vpon your enemies, if any of you should to seeme singular (like the two Philosophers seeke leisure to stay' behind his fellowe for who were forced to duck themselues in that taking of Tobacco, for my part, I should mine water, and so become fools as well as neuer bee sorie for any euill chance that the rest of the people,) and partly to bee as might befall him. To take a custome in any one that was content to eate Garlicke (which thing that cannot bee left againe, is most hee did not loue) that bee might not bee troub- harmfull to the people of any land. 3follicies led with the smell of it in the breath of his and delicacie were the wracke and overthrow, fellowes. first of the Persian, and next of the Roman And is it not a great vanitie, that a man 356 THE HEALTH REFORMER.

cannot heartily welcome his friend now, but wide stretch of the grape yielding countries, straight they must bee in hand with Tobacco ? it is quite impossible to conceive. In the No, it is become, in place of a cure, a point financial year enclitic, in 1874 the duties paid of good fellowship, and hee that will refuse to within the British Isles for the various forms take a pipe of Tobacco among his fellows, of fermented drink were : For foreign spirits (though by his own election hee would rather £5,329,650; foreign wine, £1,989,855; home- feele the savour of a Sinke) is accounted peev- made spirits, £14,639,563 ; and for malt to be ish and no good company, euen as they doe converted into beer, £7,753,657. If to these with tippleing in the colde Easterne Coun- various sums there be added the farther tries. Yea, the Mistresse cannot, in a more amount which represents the brewers' license, manerly kinde, entertaine her seruant then taking the place of the hop duty, and the by giuing him out of her faire hand a pipe of duty on sugar consumed in brewing, it at Tobacco. But herein is not only a great once appears that at the present time the vanitie, but a great contempt of Gods good public revenue derives yearly a clear £30,- gift, that the sweetnesse of mans breath, bee- 000,000 sterling from direct taxes levied on ing a good gift of God, should bee wilfully alcoholic drink; and it will be further ob- corrupted by this stinking smoake, wherein, served that of this great sum very nearly I must confesse, it hath too strong a vertue ; two-thirds relates to the concentrated form in and so that which is an ornament of nature, which the powerful agent is procured by the and can neither by any artifice bee at the employment of the still—that is, by the ap- first acquired, nor once lost, bee recouered plication of science and art to strengthen the againe, shall bee filthily corrupted with an in- spirit beyond the point to which it can possi- curable stinke, which vile qualitie is as di- bly be raised by natural fermentation ; and rectly contrarie to that wrong opionion which very nearly one-half refers to the cheaper is holden of the wholesomnesse thereof, as form of this concentrated product which is the venime of putrifaction is contrary to the prepared in the home manufacture, and which vertue Preserutiue. therefore, it is to be presumed, expresses ap- Moreover, which is a great iniquitie, and proximately the consumption of the less against all humanitie, the husband shall not wealthy portion of the community. The ex- bee ashamed to reduce thereby his delicate, act number of the millions of pounds sterling wholesome, and clean-complexioned wife to that are swallowed in the form of strong that extremitie, that either shee must also drink in our own islands alone can scarcely corrupt her sweete breath therewith, or else be ascertained on account of the diversity of resolue to line in a perpetuall stinking tor- form in which the product is presented for ment. consumption, and on account of the com- Haue you not reason then to bee ashamed, plex relations which connect duty and quan- and to forbear this filthie noueltie, so basely tity in the different forms. The amount can grounded, so foolishly receiued and so grossly only be guessed at under the guidance of such mistaken in the right vse thereof ? In your figures as have been named. If, however, abvse thereof, sinning against God, harming one penny in the pound upon taxable in- your selues both in persons and goods, and comes be taken to represent, as it is stated it raking also thereby the mark es and notes of will shortly do, a sum of X2,000,000, then the vanitie upon you; by the custome thereof £30,000,000 paid yearly to the revenue by making your seines to be wondered at by all alcohol is tantamount to an income tax of fif- forraine ciuill nations, and by all strangers teen pence in the pound upon such incomes, that come among you, to be scorned and con- and to an assessment of £31 a year upon an temned. A custome lothsome to the eye, individual income of £500 per annum. The hatefull to the Nose, harmefull to the braine, fact which is involved in the figures of these dangerous to the Lungs, and in the blacke, several statements would assuredly be a very stinking fume thereof, neerest resembling the surprising one, even if the large sum of mon- • horrible Stigian smoake of the pit that is ey were expended in an article of unproduc- bottomeless. tive but harmless luxury. As Dr. Richardson suggested in his lec- Alcoholic Drinks in England. tures, a very strong impression would be made upon the public mind if, after some THE capital which is invested in the pro- long period in which the boilers of steam en- duction of alcohol in the British Isles is not gines had been fed with a mixture of spirit less than £170,000,000. Of the enormous ad- and water, it was suddenly discovered that dition which would have to be made to this the engines would work quite as well with vast sum if the value were given of the capi- the water, without the spirit, and that the mil- tal employed in the production of wine in the lions of pounds that had been devoted to the THE HEALTH REFORMER. 357 production of the spirit had all been so much smith's arm is much larger than that of an unnecessary waste. But the argument goes idle man. Thus, the more you do, the more very much beyond this in the case of " the you will be able to do. millions of engines called men," if it can be The best time to make great exertion is shown that there is hurtful as well as wast- about two hours after a meal. It is not a ful expenditure, and that in a very large pro- good time before breakfast, although moder- portion of instances the engines would have ate work may then be performed. The body worked even better without the costly addi- is weakest before breakfast. tion of the spirit. In these days of the sci- After a full meal it is not good to take any entific applications of the doctrines of econ- violent exercise, but ordinary work may then omy it certainly must remain a matter of be properly performed. After the labor of some surprise to thoughtful men that in a the day, the body becomes tired, and there- land of advanced cultivation and intelligence fore the evening is not the best time for work. so many millions of good money are continu- Some persons work all night, but it is not ously applied to the production of a commod- so healthful as working by day. It is easier ity which, in the existing habits of society, to work in cool weather than in hot, but in may reasonably be held to be pernicious alike excessively cold weather the limbs are be- to the pockets, to the health, and to the mor- numbed, and cannot move so readily. In als of the community.—Edinburgh Review. hot weather the most laborious work should be done in the morning and evening, and light work in the middle of the day. Exercise. Increase of food is required with much work. If the appetite fail, the body becomes EXERTION, whether called labor, recreation, weak ; but if it remain good, the body is or amusement, is essential to health ; and as strengthened. Therefore, in the healthy state, the body was made for labor, work is its nat- the appetite indicates the quantity of food ural and honorable duty. which is required. An idle man or woman is a discredit to Women are not able to do heavy work like the race, and unusually liable to fall into dis- men, because their bones and muscles are not ease, whilst an industrious person adds to the so large, but they do light and delicate work wealth of the country, and is more likely to better. Children should not be required to be healthy and happy. make great exertion, as their bones are not Exertion is useful, inasmuch as it quickens solid at the ends. Old men cannot make so the circulation, deepens and quickens the much exertion as the young or the middle- breathing, promotes perspiration, and stimu- aged, and their bones are more brittle and lates digestion, and thus helps the body to liable to be broken. An old woman of eighty take food, and to get rid of that which is not years of age falling down, is very liable to required. This is so marked, that the breath- break her thigh at the hip joint. ing is seven times more with fast running Violent or rapid exertion made by chil- than when lying down at rest. The pulse is dren, and also by stout or aged people, often quicker when sitting than lying, when stand- injures, and sometimes ' causes disease of the ing than sitting, when walking than stand- heart, when the same taken in the ordinary ing, and when running in proportion to the way would do no harm. Rapidly running speed. Even moving the hand affects these up-stairs, or to meet a train, sometimes causes actions. death. ence, whilst exercise is of the ut- The reason why exertion is beneficial by most importance to health, it should be taken increasing the vital actions is, that the greater in a regulated and rational manner, and par- the action within the body, the more food is ticularly by those who have passed the period consumed, and the higher the health (if it be of youth. But disease of the heart even in natural and there be sufficient food), whilst youth may often be traced to indiscretion in with sloth there is less vital action, and less this particular, whether in rowing, running, health. or jumping.—Health. There is a restriction, however, as to exer- tion, for the breathing and pulsation are lim- Christianity and Alcohol. ited in frequency to a point beyond which life cannot be maintained. This limit varies ALCOHOL is a match for Christianity. The in different persons, and according to practice higher civilization, which the gospel has cre- and habit, so that one man can do that which ated, would speedily bring the whole race to is impossible to another. But the greater Christ, if sin and drunkenness did not hinder. the exertion, the stronger and larger are the These are the most formidable, persistent, muscles which make it, so that, the black- subtle, unmanageable powers the gospel has 358 THE HEALTH REFORMER. ever met. What Satan may be able to do in Who and What Killed that Young She future, we know not; but alcoholic drinks Lady? surpass all he has ever done, in the past, in power to harm. This invention is parent to BY REV. P. R. RUSSELL. swarms of degrading sins; fosters the basest imaginable crimes ; puts a fatal blight upon A FEW months ago a beautiful and inter- all its victims ; seizes the choicest minds, esting young lady died in Vineland, and her blackens them with vice, and buries them in precious dust was borne away by tender horrors; enters the highest and purest circles, hands to the old family home in Massachu- and decoys to ruin so adroitly that the work setts. The family had resided for a few years is finished before one suspects it fairly begun ; in one of the growing cities of the West. it consumes the character, peace, substance, There she became a member of a Congrega- and prospects of society, and the sufferers are tional church, and was an attractive and lead- so deluded that they promptly fight for a free ing singer in a choir. It is the fashion there, license to be allowed for its ravages. All as here, for the churches, lodges, and clubs of that is done to educate, elevate, Christianize, various kinds to raise funds by catering to the people, by Christians themselves, is only the pleasure-loving dispositions of the young a drop compared to the time, treasure, and and thoughtless. The fairs, festivals, and labor devoted to this instrument of the prince amusements of the churches were frequent, of evil. and she, being a sweet singer, was invited to In New York, in 1874, there were 40,777 all, to help in the attractions and music. She arrests for drunkenness, or one to every 25 enjoyed these gatherings very much, and al- inhaitants ; 27,203 men and 13,574 women. ways had a " good time," eating the nuts, There were 8,403 liquor shops in full blast cakes, pies, confectionery, and ice-creams, the year round, or one to every 119 men, singing and exchanging friendly greetings women, and children of all ages. Allowing with smiling friends, by whom she was much three persons, on an average, to be interested admired. By and by, her health began to in soliciting custom to each of these Satanic give way. Headaches, loss of appetite, and churches where protiacted meetings are held derangement of the stomach would follow all the year round, the number of ministers these nocturnal frolics ; but a little rest and and missionaries employed to entrap and ruin abstinence would soon bring nature around souls would be 25,209. This is below, rath- again to a normal condition, and again and er than above, the actual number engaged. again she would return to the festivities of Cunning allurements, persistent solicitations, these church carnivals. At last she broke are effectively employed, and the victims pay down utterly, and the digestive organs, long dearly for the curse. If the average receipts abused and outraged by irregularities and in- of these places amount to only $ 5' a day, the dulgencies in rich, concentrated dainties, re- tax upon their customers would be $ 15,335,- fused to do their work. 475 a year. Ten dollars a day is nearer their She was dosed by this and that physician, actual receipts, making an aggregate of $ 30,- tried this and that nostrum, but with no de- 670,950. That is more than all the Chris- cided relief. The afflicted family came to tians in America pay for Christian purposes, Vineland, hoping that a change of climate and this vast sum is drawn mainly from the might work the sovereign cure. Here she poor who subsist by daily toil. An invention continued to languish, and grew more and which enables Satan to accomplish such re- more emaciated, with a fickle, capricious ap- sults is fearful to contemplate. petite, that relished nothing but the most We have in New York 800 churches, and concentrated and indigestible dainties. At over 8,000 dram shops ; 2,000 ministers and last, while literally starving on her dying bed, missionaries to save, and over 25,000 labor- her mind became enlightened as to the follies ing to destroy. The churches are open once of the past, and she mourned over it with ag- a week, and the ministers respectively preach onizing remorse. She would say, " Oh ! I about 80 minutes in seven days, while the 8,- have lived only for myself and for pleasure. 000 churches of alcohol, and 25,000 ministers, All I seemed to think or care about was to run with vigor six days in the week, and six eat ice-creams and other dainties, and attend nights every week, and many of them seven, the amusements, and have a good time. Oh, the year round. Consider the capital invest- how could I do so ? This has ruined me. ed, the men employed, the effort put forth, Oh, I see it all now, when it is too late !" the zeal and skill engaged, and the terrible She died in great despondency, unable to havoc effected, and we shall be nearly terri- take any food. Now, who and what killed fied by the enemy that confronts us.—Baptist this interesting and lovely young woman ? Union. Evidently the fashionable dissipation inci- THE HEALTH REFORMER. 359

dental to the frequent midnight festivities. them to breathe, for six hours a day, the life- These broke down the nervous system, and less and poisoned air of some of our school- impaired the energy of the digestive organs. rooms. Let any man who votes for confining But who is responsible for killing this young children in a small room, and keeping them lady Manifestly those who projected and on stagnant air, try the experiment of breath- run these frolics. They did not mean to ing his own breath only four times over; if take her life, but they did it. They encour- medical aid be not at hand, the children will aged and allured her, and thousands of oth- never be endangered by his vote afterward.— ers, while young, and giddy, and ignorant of Horace Manli. the laws of health, to spend the hours that nature requires should be spent in bed, in fashionable and frivolous dissipation. Is this WOMAN'S DRESS AND HER DISEASES.—In the way Christian men and women should an address before the Pennsylvania Medical treat the young Is this the way to honor Society, the president, Dr. Atlee, drew at- God and do good to man ? Is this the script- tention to the bad effects of the change ural way to raise funds to support divine wrought by absurd fashion in the habits and worship Is this the way for the churches dress of women. He held, that in proportion of Christ to honor and commend their adora- as women have departed from simplicity, in ble Redeemer ? Is it •a part, a Heaven- that same proportion have their infirmities in- appointed part of divine worship, to blend creased. The confined waist and weighty dress the service of God and mammon I Shall of women were mercilessly ridiculed. Fash- we teach the young to worship the golden ionable women were compared to pea-fowls calf, " eat and drink, and rise up to play ?" strutting the streets and taking a scavenger- like promenade, gathering filth and exhaust- ing strength. The pernicious effect of the THE HAIR.—Dr. Benjamine Godfrey has fashionable shoe was explained. Nature in- written a book on the "Diseases of the Hair," tended the heel and sole to be on a level, but in which he says that a woman's hair may fashion raises the heel two inches above this grow to the length of six feet, and that a level. Woman is thus walking down hill, young lady of Massachusetts refused a thou- and as far as health is concerned may be said sand dollars for her cranial covering, which to be going down hill all the time. The was only one inch short of this measurement. fashionable woman is a burlesque and carica- Four hundred hairs of ordinary thickness ture on nature.—The Doctor, London. would cover an inch of space. The blonde .111111. belle has about one hundred and forty thou- • sand filaments to comb and brush, while the AN old lady, ninety years of age, 'very red-haired damsel has to be satisfied with wealthy, and full of wit, died recently at eighty-eight thousand ; the brown-haired dam- Fontainebleau, in France. Her will con- sel may have one hundred and nine thousand ; tained this provision : " I leave to my phy- the black-haired but one hundred and two sician, whose enlightened care and wise pre- thousand. Few ladies consider that they scriptions have made me live so long, all that carry some forty or fifty miles of hair on is contained in the old oaken chest in my their head ; the fair-haired may have to boudoir. The key of the chest will be found dress seventy miles of threads of gold every under the mattress of my bed." The heirs morning. A German experimentalist has were much disturbed, for they foresaw a ma- proven that a single hair will suspend four terial diminution of their share of the prop- ounces without breaking, stretching under erty. The fortunate and expectant physician the process and contracting again. But the at length arrived. The notary delivered to hair thus heavily weighed must be dark him the key of the chest. It was opened and brown, for the blonde breaks down under found to contain solely all the drugs and po- two and a half ounces. tions still intact which the worthy physician had given his patient for twenty years back

FRESH AIR.—People who shudder at a flesh wound, or a tinge of blood, would confine AVERAGE OF LIFE.—The yearly mortality their children like convicts, and compel them, of the globe is 42,403,000 persons. That is month after month, to breathe quantities of at the rate of 115,200 per day, 4,800 per poison. It would less impair the mental and hour, 80 per minute. Among 10,000 persons, physical constitution of children, gradually to one arrives at the age of 100 ; one in 500 at- draw an ounce of blood from their veins dur- tains the age of 80 ;.one in 100 to the age of ing the same length of time, than to send 70. In 100 persons, 95 marry.—Ex. LITERARY MISCELLANY)

Devoted to Natural History, Mental and Moral Culture, Social Science, and other Interesting Topics.

A KINDLY DEED. " Can't you go ?" "And leave you? I should not enjoy it BY ALICE HAY JENNER. if I knew you were stitching here. Come." A KINDLY deed is a little seed With a heavy sigh, as if James was exact- That groweth all unseen; ing a sacrifice, instead of giving her a And, lo ! when none do look thereon, Anew it springeth green. pleasure, Abba left the room, and went to A friendly look is a better book her own apartment to dress for the concert. For precept than you'll find While she dressed she was calculating closely 'Mons the sages wise, or the libraries. the time she must save to make up for her With their priceless wealth of mind. evening of pleasure. By rising an hour ear- The little dole of a humble soul, In all sincereness given, lier and retiring an hour later, she might be Is like the wings of the heart as it springs, able to finish the dainty silks that were to Singing clear, to the gate of Heaven. —Set. excite the envy of all the mothers of L on Sunday. All through the evening, while her husband drank in the sweet sounds in One Life Wasted. which he delighted, Abba, with her face all "I HAVE tickets for the concert to-night, polite interest, was thinking of the unfinish- Abba," said James Henley, coming into the ed work. sitting-room where his wife was running a " Was it not delightful ?" James said, as sewing machine with a busy whirr. they walked home in the soft spring moon- " 0, James, how I wish I could go." light. The light died away from the husband's " Delightful ! I am so glad I went, James. face in a second. Mrs. Gordon had on her new spring suit, and " Wish you could go, Abba ! Why, of her dresses all come from New York. The course you will go." trimming on her basque is quite new style, "I can't, James. I must finish these and I am sure I can put Jennie's on in the three dresses before Sunday, and it will take same way." every minute." So the talk went on, and the sewing ma- " Three dresses I" chine whirred for two hours after James slept. " For Jennie, Susie, and Lotta. It is Sunday morning shone clear and cloudless. Easter Sunday, you know, and all the spring Mrs. Henley had put the last stitch into Lot- things are ready but these dresses." ta's dress as the clock struck twelve, and she " But this is only Wednesday." wakened with a pain in her chest and a head- " I know, James ; but look at the work. ache, but a feeling of triumph. Her children There are overskirts to each, and ruffles on would wear their new spring suits, that had all the waists. Jennie's has three flounces." cost nothing but the material. Nothing t " I suppose it is useless for me to repeat Mrs. Henley did not estimate the hours spent what I have said so often, Abba, that you over the machine, the weariness, the neglect are foolish in your choice of work. Little of many little duties. girls do not require the finery you put upon Very pretty the children looked when they your children." were ready for church. Jennie and Susie, " But all the children in the congregation twins ten years of age, were dressed alike in are well-dressed, James. You cannot afford delicate pearl color, trimmed with blue, and to put the sewing out, so I must do it." hats of the newest shape, with blue ribbons. " Let the children dress more simply, then. Lotta wore cerise color, with cerise trimming, Come, Abba, stop that buzz for once and go fir Lotta was a brunette of 'seven. to the concert. I think we can all survive The charges at starting for Sunday-school the disgrace if the children wear some of the were :— dresses they have, on Sunday. It is so sel- " Be sure you lift your overskirts when you dom any really good music is within our reach sit down, do n't lean back upon the streamers at that I hate to miss hearing it." of your hats, and walk where you will not soil 360 THE HEALTH REFORMER. 361 your light boots. Don't strain your gloves, their dresses direct from New York, had an and lift your flounces when you kneel down." entirely new style of overskirt, that made " It is such a relief that they are all Jennie, Susie and Lotta look quite old-fash- dressed," said Abba, as the children started, ioned in the eyes of their mother. While the their little parasols jauntily held, and their sermon was read, Mrs. Henley was trying to• whole air showing their own appreciation of contrive some way of remodeling the obnox- their new finery. ious skirts. All the triumph of the morning " Over-dressed, Abba !" was the reply. in the really beautiful dresses was gone. " Your own dresses are not more elaborate." The Goodwin girls out-dressed the Henley- " It is the fashion now to cut children's girls. dresses like ladies'. But you ought to be Summer came, and the long spring days proud of your children, James. Everybody were spent in preparing a sea-side wardrobe compliments me upon the taste with which I for the children, for Mr. Henley, by the ad- dress them." vice of his physician, was going to take his "Abba !" Mr. Henley said suddenly, lead- wife to the ocean air. ing his wife to a mirror, "Look at your The pain in the side had become very own face." troublesome, and there was a little hacking " Well !" she said, wondering what he cough that meant wakeful nights. The pale could mean. cheeks were seldom tinged with a healthy "Your cheeks are white as chalk; there is color, and the eyes were languid and heavy. a heavy line under your eyes, and your whole People spoke pityingly of Mrs. Henley as air is that of a woman worked to death." " quite an invalid," and her husband mourned " James, what nonsense." over the alteration in his wife. " It is not nonsense. I wish it was. Five He insisted upon having a physician who years ago you had the complexion of a child, would advise fresh air and exercise Abba as clear and rosy as Susie's. Your eyes then took a daily walk, and then made up for " lost were bright, full of animation. You had time" by stitching far into the night. For young children, a house to keep in order, were not the Goodwins, the Wilcoxes, and all and just half our present income. Yet you the leading fashionables of L— going to the could find leisure then for a daily walk, could same hotel where Mr. Henley had taken read in the evening, or sing for me, could en- rooms ? and could Jennie, Susie, and Lotta joy an occasional evening of social pleasure, have one inch less ruffling and tucking than or some entertainment. I had a wife then." they possessed I " James, what do you mean ? " Mr. Henley protested in vain. If he sent "I mean that in the' place of my happy, a seamstress to help his wife, it only gave an healthy wife, I have a sickly, overworked excuse for a dress or two more to be made, seamstress. Those dolls that have just gone and he finally gave up the attempt to bring out have none of the grace of childhood. Abba to a more reasonable ambition. He They are fast becoming little pieces of vanity, was an affectionate husband, a kind father, all absorbed in their finery. Their under- liberal in providing for his family, but his clothing would do for signs in an emporium salary was not sufficiently large for him to of linen, with the embroidery, ruffle and rival the expenditure of the fashionable friends tucks." Abba had made. It was entirely vain to But I do it all myself, James." tell him that it was in his wife's favor that " Exactly. You are stitching your life in- she could, upon smaller means, dress herself to the garments of children who would be far and her children as well as any in L—. happier, healthier, and better in the simple He obstinately maintained that his wife's clothing suited to their years." health, her companionship, her interest in " You are so old-fashioned James. You his pursuits, in the books he read, her music, would not have your children look like and her sweet voice in singing, were far more frights !" valuable than twenty-seven flounces upon " You know as well as I can tell you, that Jennie's dress, or fifty tucks in Lotta's skirt. I like to see them neat and clean, but I do Still he endured as patiently as might be not like to see them dressed like fashion- the loss he deplored of Abba's bright interest plates, at the expense of your health." in what had interested both. He tried to " Oh ! I am well enough. I am pale to-day admire the really exquisite specimens of nee- because I sat up late last night. But I must dle work brought for his inspection. He on- dress for church, or we will be late." ly shrugged his shoulders when his little The glad Easter service passed over Mrs. girls minced along with dainty fine-lady airs, Henley with but little impression. To her instead of bounding with the freedom of chagrin, the little Goodwins, who had all childhood. He bore the steady whir of the 362 THE HEALTH REFORMER. sewing machine in the evening, instead of The Inhumanities of Parents. the voice or the music of his wife. But when Abba's health began to give A POSITIVELY and graciously courteous way, he exerted his authority, and found he manner toward children is a thing so rarely had been silent too long. The love of dress seen in average daily life, the radenesses had grown stronger, and the ambition that which they receive are so innumerable, that had taken so deplorable a path could not be it is hard to tell where t I begin in setting put aside. Abba submitted to all James' forth the evil. Children themselves often directions while he was beside her, and bring their sharp and unexpected logic to bear worked doubly hard when he was away. on some incident illustrating the difference in this matter of behavior between what is re- But the summer wardrobes completed, the quired from them and what is shown to them, dainty bathing-dresses trimmed, the Saratoga as did a little boy I know, whose father said trunks packed, Abba faithfully promised crossly to him one morning, as he came into James to rest during their summer sojourn the breakfast-room, " Will you ever learn to at the seaside. With a sudden conciousness shut the door after you 7" and a few seconds of growing weakness, there came to her an later as the child was rather sulkily sitting appreciation of her husband's love and pa- down in his chair, " And do you mean to bid tience that had been numbed. She began to anybody ' good morning,' or not I " " I don't realize that she had let her ambition for think you gave me a very nice good morn- dress overshadow her love for her husband, ing,' any how," replied satirical justice, aged and that she had wronged him in depriving seven. Then of course he was reproved for him of the companionship he had prized so speaking disrespectfully ; and so in the space highly. of three minutes the beautiful opening of the " I will rest while I am gone, and when I new day, for both parents and children, was come back, James, I will give my evenings jarred and robbed of its fresh harmony by the to you as I did when we were first married." father's thoughtless rudeness. That was her parting promise never to be Scores of times in a day a child is told in a exacted. Only a few days of rest were al- short, authoritative way, to do or not to do lowed her, before an acute attack of lung such little things as we ask at the hands of fever prostrated her. James left his busi- elder people, as favors, graciously, and with ness to burry to the seaside, a nurse was en- deference to their choice. " Would you be gaged, and medical skill did its utmost. But so very kind as to close that window ?" the constitution, weakened by confinement " May I trouble you for that cricket I" " If and overwork, could not resist the disease, you would be as comfortable in this chair as and while the summer days were in their in that, I would like to change places with full beauty, Mrs. Henley knew she was dying. you." " Oh ! excuse me, but your head is be- It was a bitter thought. Life held so tween me and the light ; could you see as much that was precious; her kind, loving well if you moved a little ? " " Would it hin- husband, her beautiful children, her happy der you too long if you stopped at the store home—all these must be left. for me ? I would be very much obliged to " A mysterious dispensation of Provi- you if you would." " Pray do not let me dence," said Mrs. Goodwin; "such a good crowd you," etc. In most people's speech we mother. And those children are just the find, as synonyms for these polite phrases : age when they most need a mother's care." " Shut that window down, this minute." But Abba Henley, in the dread hour " Bring me that cricket." " I want that when she bade farewell to hope, wound her chair ; get up. You can sit in this." " Do n't arms about her husband's neck, and sobbed : you see that you are right in my light ? Move along." " I want you to leave off play- " If I had only listened to you, James, I ing and go right down to the store for me." might have been a guide to our children, a " Do n't crowd so. Can't you see that there companion to you for many years, and when is not room enough for two people here 1" I died have left loving memories instead of a and so on. trunk of fine clothing. I have wasted my On the other hand, let a child ask for any- 1 ife. " thing without saying, " Please," receive any- And James Henley, in his widow's weeds thing without saying, " Thank you," sit still with his three little girls in sombre black be- in the most comfortable seat without offering side him, wonders mournfully how many of to give it up, or press its own preference for the mothers of the land are wasting their a particular book, chair, or apple, to the in- lives in the same struggle for appearance.— conveniencing of an elder, and what an out- Se/. cry we have : " Such rudeness !" " Such an THE HEALTH REFORMER. 363 ill-mannered child !" " His parents must ley, come here a minute ; I want to tell you have neglected him strangely." Not at all : something." Not any one at the table sup- they have been telling him a great many posed it had anything to do with his bad be- times every day not to do these precise things havior. She did not intend that they should. which you dislike. But they themselves have As she whispered to him, I alone saw his been all the while doing these very things to cheek flush, and that he looked quickly and him. imploringly into her face ; I alone saw that Probably most parents, even very kindly tears were almost in her eyes. But she ones, would be a little startled at the asser- shook her head, and he went back to his seat tion that a child ought never to be reproved with a mournful but very red little face. In in the presence of others. This is so constant a few moments he laid down his knife and an occurrence that nobody thinks of noticing fork, and said, " Mamma, will you please to it, nobody thinks of considering whether it excuse me ? " " Certainly, my dear," said be right and best or not. But it is a great she. Nobody but I understood it, or ob- rudeness to a child. I am entirely sure that served that the little fellow had to run very it ought never to be done. Mortification is fast to get out of the room without crying. a condition as unwholesome as it is uncom- Afterward she told me that she never sent a fortable. When the wound is inflicted by child from the table in any other way. the hand of a parent, it is all the more cer- When we consider seriously what ought tain to rankle and do harm. Let a child see to be the nature of a reproof from a parent that his mother is so anxious that he should to a child, and what is its end, the answer is have the approbation and good will of her simple enough. It should be nothing but friends that she will not call their attention the superior wisdom and strength, explaining to his faults ; and that while she never, un- to inexperience and feebleness wherein they der any circumstances, allows herself to for- have made a mistake, to the end that they get to tell him afterward, alone, 'if he has be- may avoid such mistakes in future. If per- haved improperly, she will spare him the ad- sonal annoyance, impatience, antagonism, en- ditional pain and mortification of a public re- ter in, the relation is marred and the end en- proof; and, while that child will lay these se- dangered. Most sacred and inalienable of all cret reproofs to heart, he will still be happy. rights is the right of helplessness to protec- I knew a mother who had the insight to tion from the strong, of ignorance to counsel see this and the patience to make it a rule ; from the wise. If we give our protection and for it takes far more patience, far more time, counsel grudgingly, or in a churlish, unkind than the common method. manner, even to the stranger that is in our She said sometimes to her little boy, after gates, we are no Christians, and deserve to 1 visitors had left the parlor, " Now, dear, I be stripped of what little wisdom and strength am going to be your little girl, and you are we have hoarded. But there are no words to be my papa. And we will play that a to say what we are or what we deserve if we gentleman has just come in to see you, and I do this to the little children whom we have will show you exactly how you have been be- dared, for our own pleasure, to bring into having while this lady has been calling to see the perils of this life, and whose whole future me." may be blighted by the mistakes of our care- Here is a dramatic representation at once less hands.—Bits of Talk. which that boy does not need to see repeated many times before he is forever cured of in- terrupting, of pulling his mother's gown, of A True Story. drumming on the piano, etc.—of the thou- sand and one things which able-bodied chil- A Yourru man and his wife were preparing dren can do to render social visiting where to attend a Christmas party at the house of a they are a martyrdom and a penance. friend some miles distant. Once I saw the same little boy behave so " Henry, my dear husband, don't drink too boisterously and rudely at the dinner table in much at the party to-day. You will promise the presence of guests, that I said to myself, me, won't you I" she said, putting her hand Surely, this time she will have to break her upon his brow, and raising her eyes to his rule, and reprove him openly. I saw several face with a pleading smile. telegraphic signals of rebuke, entreaty and " No, Mollie, I will not ; you may trust warning from her gentle eyes to his ; but me ;" and she wrapped her infant in a soft nothing did any good. Nature was too much blanket, and they descended. for him ; he could not at that minute force The horses were soon prancing over the himself to be quiet. Presently she said, in a turf, and a pleasant conversation beguiled the perfectly natural and easy tone, " 0 Char- way. 364 THE HEALTH REFORMER.

"Now, don't you forget your promise," Great crimes work great wrong, and the whispered the young wife, as they passed up deeper tragedies of human life spring from the steps. the larger passions ; but woful and most Poor thing ! She was [the wife of a man mournful are the uncatalogued tragedies that who loved to look upon the wine when red. issue from gossip and detraction, most mourn- The party passed pleasantly ; the time for de- ful the shipwreck often made of noble natures parture grew near ; the wife descended from and lovely lives by the bitter winds and dead the upper:chamber to join her husband. A salt waters of slander. So easy to say, yet so pang shot through her beating heart as she hard to disprove—throwing on the innocent met him, for he was intoxicated ; he had all the burden and the strain of demonstrat- broken his promise. Silently they rode ing their innocence, and punishing them as homeward, save when the drunken man guilty if unable to pluck out the stings they broke into snatches of a song or unmeaning never see, and to silence words they never laughter. But the wife rode on, her babe hear—gossip and slander are the deadliest pressed closely to her grieved heart. and cruelest weapons man has ever forged " Give me the baby, Mollie ; I can't trust for his brother's heart.—All the Year Round. you with him," he said, as they approached the dark and swollen stream. After some hesitation she resigned her "Conceit Kills, and Conceit Cures." first born—her darling babe, closely wrapped in a great blanket—to his arms. Over the SOME years ago, a young man who had dark waters the noble steeds safely bore them, been studying medicine with an excellent and when they reached the bank the mother physician whom we will call Dr. X., began asked for the child. With much care and to think of practising what he had learned on tenderness he placed the bundle in her arms ; his own account. As he was bidding fare- but when she clasped it to her breast, no well to his tutor, the old doctor said to him :— baby was there ! It had slipped from the " There is one thing, my young friend, that blanket, and the drunken father knew it not. I have never told you. It is an important A wild shriek from the mother aroused him, secret which but few physicians fully under- and he looked around him just in time to see stand." the little rosy face rise one moment above the " What is it?" asked the young doctor, " I dark waters, then sink forever, and that by want to know everything in medicine worth his own intemperance. The anguish of the knowing." mother and the remorse of the father are bet- " The secret is so valuable," replied Dr. X., ter imagined than described. "that I cannot take less tha £30 for it." " Very well," replied the young man, " I agree to pay you that sum when you shall Evils of Gossip. make it known to me." " This, then, is the secret," said Dr. X., I HAVE known a country society which " Conceit kills, and conceit cures." withered away all to nothing under the dry Dr. 0. was somewhat chagrined at what rot of gossip only. Friendships, once as firm seemed to him something of an imposition ; as granite, dissolved to jelly, and then run but stifling his indignation, he paid the fee away to water, only because of this ; love, and quietly went his way. Several years that promised a future as enduring as Heav- passed and Dr. 0. during a very successful en, and as stable as truth, evaporated into practice often found occasion to remember a morning mist that turned to a day's long the saying. He worked hard, made money, tears, only because of this ; a father and son and went abroad for a vacation. After spend- were set foot to foot with the fiery breath ing some years in France he returned to his of an anger that would never cool again be- native land, where his reputation as "the tween them ; and a husband and his young skillful French doctor " found him plenty of wife, each straining at the heated leash which patients and high fees. in the beginning had been the golden 'bond- In one of his long rides through the coun- age of a God-blessed love, sat mournfully by try he chanced one day to pass the house of the side of the grave where all their love and his former instructor, Dr. X. The old gen- all their joy lay buried—and all because of tleman was walking in his garden at a little this. I have seen faith transformed to mean distance from the house, and did not see his doubt, joy give place to grim despair, and former pupil, who seeing him reined his horse charity take on itself the features of black up to the gate, and said in a very decided malevolence, all because of the spell words of though low tone to a bright-eyed granddaugh- scandal, and the magic mutterings of gossip. ter of eighteen who sat knitting on the door THE HEALTH REFORMER. 365 step, " Take that gentleman into the house a particular sun of its own) gives days of dif- immediately, and take care of him, if you ferent colors. There are green days, red days, have any regard for his life. Do you not see blue days, yellow days, corresponding to Sir Is- -how ill he looks'? He has every symptom of aac Newton's seven prismatic colors. Now, all a serious, and I fear dangerous, illness, and I objects visible on these several days will of warn you to obtain medical advice for him course vary according to the particular color. without delay or I will not answer for the The yellow day, from our experience of this consequences." So saying he galloped away color, must be the most dreary and misera- and was soon out of sight. ble ; for though yellow is all very well in its The family was soon alarmed, as the young way, mixed up with other colors, helping, girl communicated what had been said to like a thunder-cloud, to enhance the beauty her mother, and others of the household. of the distant sky, yet, when everything is They did not like to tell the old doctor what yellow, then we discover its peculiar effect on had been said, but telling him he did not our visual organs. A simple and inexpensive look well, they feared he was ill, etc., and experiment, and one that is often shown, il- persuading him to lie down, he soonan eg lustrates the effect of a yellow day. Spirits to think he was really ill, and the more he of wine poured on a teaspoonful of common thought of it the worse he felt, until it was salt in a vial, well shaken, and then put ei- at last determined to send at once for the cel- ther on a lamp-cotton or tow, and ignited, ebrated French doctor of whose wonderful will burn with a peculiar colored flame, giv- cures they had heard. ing out purely yellow rays. This mysteri- The doctor arrived, shook his head in an ous effect changes the appearance of all earth- ominous manner, examined the tongue and ly objects. Coral lips become of a livid hue ; pulse, shook his head• again, and pronounced rosy cheeks turn ghastly pale; red cap rib- it a bad case; but said he would do all he bons become black ; in fact, everything ap- could for him. Dr. 0. was so changed in pears different from what it does by the white personal appearance that Dr. X. did not rec- light that we are familiar with ; and of all ognize his old pupil, who now gave his name things the human face undergoes the greatest a French pronunciation and had altogether a change. Very young children should not be foreign aspect. shown this experiment ; for though there Dr. Cr: ordered first a hot bath for his pa- will be laughing lips and dazzling eyes, yet tient, and then leaving him two or three they are of such an unearthly color that old kinds of medicine to be taken every hour, friends appear with new faces, and a child left him, ordering. perfect quiet and rest. would scarcely know its own mother. Next day he called and pronounced his pa- tient a 'little better but in a very critical " CUTTING A DIDO."--This is a phrase older state. Day after day be renewed his atten- than most people imagine. Do you call to tions and prescriptions, and Dr. X. as well as mind the story of Dido, princess of Tyre his family had begun to think this his last Her husband, Acerbas, priest of Hercules, illness when one day Dr. 0. pronounced his was murdered for his wealth by King Pyg- patient decidedly better. He now gained malion, brother to Dido. The widowed prin- rapidly and was soon quite restored to health. cess succeeded so well in hiding her sorrow " Now, Dr. 0.," said Dr. X., one morning, that she was enabled to escape from Tyre, " let me express to you the gratitude I feel bearing with her the wealth of her husband, for your devoted attentions during my illness. and accompanied by a number of disaffected I feel that you have saved my life." So say- nobles. ing he handed him a check for £50. After a variety of adventures, they landed Dr. 0. took it and handing back £20 said, upon the coast of Africa, where Dido bar- " Dr. X., I will take £30, lihich is just the gained with the natives for as much land as sum I paid you some years ago for an excel- she could inclose in a bull's hide. Selecting lent piece of information which you then gave a large, tough hide, she caused it to be cut me • viz., Conceit kills, and conceit cures." into the smallest possible threads, with which —Household. she inclosed a large tract of country, on which the city of Carthage began to rise. A Singular Planet. The natives were bound by the letter of their bargain, and allowed the cunning queen AT a distance from the earth of which it to have her way ; and after that, when any is utterly impossible to convey any idea, one had played off a sharp trick, they said he there is another globe ; and if the optical and had " cut a Dido." That was almost three astronomical calculations be correct, the sun thousand years ago, and the saying has come which lights and warms that globe (for it has down to our day. IETETICS.

il•

0, Eat ye that which is good." As a man eateth, so is he.

Christmas Dinners. of the harms which may come from holiday digressions. How many valuable lives have been lost In the first place, it conveys a wrong idea, through the agency of " Christmas dinners " ! and fixes a wrong impression, especially in Many fond mothers have sacrificed themselves the minds of the young. If hygienic laws to an overweening anxiety to provide their are disregarded for the sake of getting some- families or friends with " something nice to thing " good " to celebrate an occasion, infan- eat." These same unwholesome titbits have tile logic—which is usually remarkably ac- often sown the seeds of death among those for curate—concludes that nothing good can be whose pleasure they were prepared. obtained in any other way, and, consequently, In common parlance, food is said to be that everything belonging to a hygienic diet- " nice," and " rich," when its real condition ary is bad. The evil thought thus engen- is of quite a contrary character. Pies and dered finally resolves itself into a permanent cakes which are compounded of various and deeply-rooted prejudice against anything sweets, spices, grease, and like articles, are which is hygienic and wholesome, and even " rich " only in the elements which clog the against the very name of hygiene. liver, disable the stomach, befoul the blood, Again, by the occasional indulgence of the and work general mischief in the system. It taste for stimulating and unwholesome food, is in the preparation of these and sundry sim- perverted appetites are kept alive, and the ilar articles, that the great labor in the culin- relish for plain, simple, unstimulating food is ary departments of many households consists. destroyed. It is only by a rigid adherence to The preparation of good, wholesome, nutri- a simple diet that the taste is educated to rel- tious food in a simple manner, requires but a ish food in a natural condition. small outlay of time or labor compared with Still further, not only the taste, but the the demands made in this direction by the whole system is injured by even occasional murderous refinements of modern cookery. indulgence. When a person has long dis- carded irritating condiments from his food, " Oh ! yes; we know this is all true," says the various tissues become more keenly sus- one (a good many we fear), " but then the ceptible to their influence, so that a single children must have something good for Christ- departure from dietetic rectitude is more pro- mas. A little digression once in awhile can ductive of injury than many when the sys- do no harm. It is the long continuance of tem has been accustomed to the transgression. bad habits that works so much mischief." The first quid of tobacco makes a man terri- This is very deceptive logic. It seems very bly sick ; when he has become accustomed to plausible ; but it is false, nevertheless. It is its use, a dozen quids do not produce so much not true that an occasional digression from disturbance. The first lie a boy tells makes the right does no harm. Does it do no harm his cheeks tingle and his conscience smite for a man to lie, cheat, steal, or kill, occasion- him ; the one-hundredth falsehood is uttered ally, if he is pious most of the time ? Would without either shame or remorse. Many it do no harm for a man to take a dose of times, also, the highly-seasoned food custom- poison once in awhile if he refrained from ary on holiday occasions stimulates the appe- doing so in general I Would a man suffer no tite to very great excess. Overeating on injury if he should plunge his hand into the such occasions has often resulted in the death fire now and then, provided he did not form of very useful members of society. Accord- the habit of doing so ? Such logic scarcely ing to report, Vice-President Wilson is now needs an answer; and yet let us notice some almost at the brink of the grave from a simi- 366 THE HEALTH REFORMER. 367 lar cause. A single excessive overloading of The first-named, salt, is probably most gen- the stomach will often occasion a chronic dys- erally used of all condiments. It is a miner- pepsia. al substance ; and, therefore, cannot build up Lastly, aside from all the physical injuries the body. And as for its taste, I marvel which result, there is the additional fact that greatly why it should be desired. Try it, my by even occasional deviation from right we friend, and see if there is any deliciousness in are violating a principle. The mainspring it. I am persuaded that habit alone demands of every person's actions should be a love of its use. The only reason that I can see for right, not alone for the sake of the good its general use is that we have been accus- which we may gain, or the evil which we tomed to it from infancy. It has been, like may escape by right-doing, but for its own lying traditions, handed down from genera- sake, and because that which is right is noble, tion to generation, till it is deemed a necessi- and pure, and good, and wholesome. ty. To the unperverted appetite, food tastes No particular course of action should be much better than salt ; and the logical conse- adopted unless there is a principle involved quence is that food tastes better without it in it. Then it should be accepted and adopt- than with it. ed on principle. When a principle is once In my experience I have found it to be so. adopted, stick to it, no matter how much de- Being convinced by good and self-evident rea- nial of selfish appetites it may demand. It is sons that it could not build up the system, perfectly safe to follow a true principle just and that it had no recommendation but its as far as it leads. taste ; and being convinced also that the taste was not natural, but acquired, I have been educating my taste to do without it; and the Condiments. result is, there are no flavors added to food which I abominate more. I would rather BY R. F. COTTRELL. have white clay, dried and pulverized, mixed with my food than salt. And I believe that THE distinction between food and condi- no better reason can be given for eating salt ments is this : Food contains the elements of than for eating clay, except it is that salt will nutrition, the elements necessary to repair disguise the taste of such food as tastes bad, waste and build up the living body ; while and is therefore not fit to be eaten. " How condiments are nearly, or entirely, destitute can that which is unsavory be eaten without of such elements, are used simply for their salt 1 " I beg not to be forced to eat food so taste, and are added to food to give it relish, unsavory that it cannot be eaten without salt. and to stimulate appetite. Those who always eat their food highly Now the use of condiments seems to imply seasoned with condiments are ignorant of the something disparaging to food ; as if food is sweetness and deliciousness of food in its not what it should be of itself, but needs to pure, unadulterated state ; and they never be improved by human ingenuity and skill to will know its deliciousness until they have make it fit for the purpose for which it was faith enough in the experiment, not only to so evidently designed by,an all-wise Creator. try it for once, or for a few times, but to con- Grains, fruits, and nutritious vegetables, tinue it long enou h to correct a serve cooked in the-niost iBaple- an acquire a normal one. But the ex- manner, are thought to be so insipid, or taste periment will more than pay in the increased so flat, it is considered necessary, in order to pleasure of eating, merely, while in health it use them for the purpose for which they were will pay a hundred fold. Try it, friends. If made, and for which they are acknowledged you will be as persevering in the trial as • to be absolutely necessary, to disguise, .and many are in swallowing the vile and health- almost abolish their natural taste by the use destroying nostrums of quacks, you will find of such foreign and innutritious substances as to your satisfaction that food is more palat- salt, vinegar, pepper, spice, cloves, cinnamon, able, as well as more healthful, than condi- butter, sugar, and the like. Some of these, ments, and that you have lost nothing, but as salt and vinegar, have no nutritive qual- gained much by the experiment. ities. This will be admitted by all. And the others, if they are nutritive at all, are of no value; for all of good in them is more than Trichinatous Pork. counterbalanced by their evil effects upon the delicate membrane of the stomach and bowels. To the pig we are indebted for two of the The spices irritate and inflame ; and all that most repulsive and dangerous worms ever in- are here named, and more, serve rather to re- troduced into the human system—the tcenia tard than to aid digestion. solium, or tapeworm, and trichina. It is to 368 THE HEALTH REFORMER.

the latter that we particularly call attention, ble habit which prevails among German as the people of this country are frequently butchers of tasting in a raw condition all in the habit of partaking of cold foreign meat that they slaughter. sausages and uncooked pork relishes, liable to But a more terrible scene was yet to be en- contain this deadly parasite. The trichina acted. In October, 1863, at the little town spiralis seems to have been first observed by of Helstadt, in Prussia, on a festive occasion, Tidemann in the year 1822, but was not de- one hundred and three healthy persons dined scribed until 1835 by Owen. Between the together. Before a month had elapsed, latter date and 1859 this worm remained twenty had died of trichinatous disease, very much of a dissecting-room curiosity, and eighty were in the excruciating agonies of was not regarded as dangerous; but immedi- the fearful malady, while the remainder, not ately afterward the Prussian doctor Virchow yet attacked, lived in continual terror of the had no less than six patients suffering from fatal worm. Case after case perished linger- trichinatous disease in one year. Fear and ingly and horribly, as, although most of the interest were at once excited, especially as leading physicians of the country were con- Zeuker, another Prussian medical man of re- sulted, none were able to cure or even assuage pute, showed that the migrations of trichina; the pangs of the dying. At first it was sus- among human muscles, so far from being pected that the distemper was the result of harmlss, as had hitherto been believed, pro- intentional poisoning, but microscopical in- duced symptoms of the most agonizing kind, vestigations of the remains of the feast re- inducing death even in the strong and healthy vealed the cause of all the suffering and within a few weeks after the sufferer had death. The damage had been done at the eaten contaminated pork. third course of the dinner, consisting of ROs- Dr. Philip Frank, on the staff of H. M. tewurst, or smoked sausage meat, which, on Army Medical Department, was the first to examination, turned out to have been made remit an account of this terrible disease from from an ill-conditioned pig, and swarmed with Germany. It appeared in the Medical Times encapsuled worms. Attention was once more and Gazette of May 26, 1860, of which the directed toward the perishing sufferers, small following is a condensed account : portions of their muscles were excised and The girl whose sufferings are detailed, was subjected to the microscope, when the tissue a servant at a farmhouse where two pigs was also found thronged with trichinae in all and an ox had been killed about Christmas stages of development. —Food Journal. of the previous year. She fell ill soon after having eaten some ham and sausages, and complained of extreme lassitude, depression, John Wesley a Vegetarian. sleeplessness, loss of appetite, and other symp- toms, which earned for the case the name of TILE following are a few extracts from the typhoid fever. Presently her whole muscular system suffered from excruciating pain, es- diary of John Wesley :— pecially toward the extremities. Dropsical " I can hardly believe that I am this day en- swelling of the limbs followed, the poor girl tered into the 68th year of my age ! How mar- perishing miserably on or about the thirtieth velous are the ways of God ! How has he kept clay from the commencement of her illness. me even from a child ! From 10 to 13 or A post mortem examination revealed myr- 14, I had little but bread to eat, and not iads of trichina alive, in all stages of develop- great plenty of that. I believe that this was so ment, in every striated muscle, not even ex- far from hurting me, that it laid the founda- cepting the heart. Hearing of the occur- tion of lasting health. When I grew up, in rence, Professor Zenker visited the farm- consequence of reading Dr. Cheyne, I chose house and obtained some of the ham and to eat sparingly, and drink water. This was sausages which the unfortunate girl had eaten, another great means of continuing my health when he discovered that both were infested till I was about 27. I then began spitting with the parasite in the encysted condition. blood, which continued several years. A He also learned that soon after the girl became warm climate cured this. I was afterward ill, the housekeeper and all the other servants brought to the brink of death by a fever, but were prostrated, although they ultimately re- it left me healthier than before. Eleven years covered after more or less suffering. The after, I was in the third stage of a consump- butcher who had officiated was confined to tion ; in three months it pleased God to re- bed for three weeks, troubled with what was move that also. Since that time I have said to be rheumatic pains in the limbs, known neither pain nor sickness, and am arising, no doubt, from trichinatous infection, now healthier than I was forty years ago ! the result of the well-known but reprehensi- This hath God wrought." At the age of 82, THE HEALTH REFORMER. 369

Mr. Wesley observes, " To-day I entered on most social, cheerful, and pleasant. No my 82d year, and found myself just as strong troubles, perplexities, nor unpleasant news to labor, and as fit for exercise in body and should ever be brought to the table. mind, as I was forty years ago ! " " Again, I am as strong at 81 as I was at 21, but abundantly more healthy, being a stranger to An Ancient Yegotarian.—Notwithstanding the headache, toothache, and other bodily disorders which attended me in my youth." the oft-repeated statement that vegetarianism Also at the age of 83, he remarks, " I am a is unfavorable to longevity, all the facts wonder to myself ; it is now twelve years are decidedly in favor of a contrary opinion. since I have felt any such sensation as weari- Many of the most remarkable cases of hu- ness. I am never tired (such is the goodness man longevity have occurred among vegeta- of God !) either with writing, preaching, or traveling ; one natural cause, undoubtedly, is rians, or those who ate meat very rarely. It my continual exercise and change of air." is also a fact worthy of note that those ani- Mr. Wesley was a thorough vegetarian, as mals which attain the greatest age are, al- other passages in his diary clearly indicate. most without exception, those which belong to the vegetable-eating classes. , The long life AIMP of the elephant is proverbial. The following Silent Meals. paragraph affords another interesting evi- FROM time immemorial, almost, it has been dence from the lower animals :— taught by all writers on health that a hearty " There has been a great deal of talk about laugh is promotive of digestion ; hence, peo- centennials and centenarians recently, but ple have been exhorted to cultivate socia- they have all been thrown into the shade by an individual who recently departed this life bility at meals, to engage in cheerful conver- in Paris aged 203 years. This aged creature sation and laughter, and by all means to was, however, not a human being, but a avoid eating in silence. Recently, we are goose, belonging to a workman named Payen, told by a writer who seems desirous of gain- who resided at Villeneque Saint George. It ing notoriety by making startling statements, had been in the possession of the family over that a meal to be well eaten and digested two centuries, as certain documents in the hands of its present owner conclusively must be taken in silence. He believes in the proved. It was called Babette, and knew its Bible doctrine, " Whatsoever thy hand find- name perfectly, always coming when called eth to do, do it with thy might," and so would by it. For three years past it has been in a have us devote our whole attention to the semi-lethargic condition, but up to that time matter of eating while engaged in taking food. it had been lively and preserved a good ap- No good arguments are offered in support pearance. The Director of the Jardin des of the doctrine advanced, for the very good Plantes, hearing of the existence of this ven- erable fowl, caused it be purchased. The reason that none could be 'yen. It remains -of a journey to—Paris-were too-much as true as ever that cheerfulness is an aid to for a constitution enfeebled by two centuries digestion. Cheerful emotions increase the of existence, and Babette expired in a few vigor of the circulation and favor the devel- hours after her arrival at her new home. opment of nerve force, which are essential to She is to be stuffed and installed with all digestion. " Laugh and grow fat " is an an- honors in the museum attached to the gar- dens." cient adage which is good hygienic doctrine. Of course it is possible to overdo the matter. A person may injure himself by too hearty Didn't Agree with Him.—" What is the laughter, or he may choke himself by trying matter, sir ?" said a surgeon to his patient. to laugh, or talk, and eat, both at the same " Well, I have eaten some oysters, and I sup- instant. Or, a person might occupy so much pose they have disagreed with me." " Have of his time in talking that he would find no you eaten any thing else 3" " Well, no— why, yes, I did, too ; that is, I took for my time to eat. An excess of any good thing is tea a mince-pie, four bottles of ale, and two injurious. A sullen, sour, silent eater will glasses of gin, and I have eaten the oysters surely become a dyspeptic in time. Of all since, and I really believe the oysters were family gatherings, the meal should be the not good for me." lip ARM AND 740USEHOLDf.-

Devoted to Brief Hints for the Management of the Farm and Household.

Mending Tin-Ware.—Every house-keeper squash, melon, and tomato vines, potato tops, can save many dollars by mending her own etc., and burn it, so that the soil will be ready pans, dippers, and basins. Get an ounce of for spring work. muriatic acid at the drug store. (Handle it carefully, for it is very corrosive.) Place it Horses and Colts.—If the stable is comfort- in an earthen dish and dissolve in it bits of able, no horse should be blanketed at night. zinc until effervescence ceases. Replace it in Much mischief is done by keeping animals the bottle, and it is ready for use. Buy also too warm. The coat is greatly thickened as a little soft solder, which will cost but a trifle. cold weather approaches, and provision is If a hole in a basin is to be stopped, scrape made by nature for the change of season. the inside of the basin just around the hole Good ventilation is absolutely necessary, and until it is bright. Dip the end of a little a temperature of 40° in the stable is more wooden rod in the fluid, and rub it upon the healthful in winter than 60°. A pound of scraped surface. Now place a small bit of oil-cake meal at each feed, will help to keep solder over the hole, and heat the under sur- a horse warm and his coat smooth. If his face over a candle flame until the solder melts. coat is smooth he is in good health. Colts In a minute it cools, and the hole is stopped. should have plenty of exercise, and a moder- This soldering fluid is much used by tinners ate but regular supply of grain. Coarse food and traveling tinkers. given to colts tends to enlarge the digestive organs, and produce a " pot-belly," which de- Washing Vegetables. — Many cooks wash stroys their future capability for quick work. such vegetables as cabbage, greens, spinach, —Am. Agriculturist. and celery in salt water to free them from Warm quarters should be provided for all dirt and insects. Hot water is much more kinds of stock. Nothing can be gained by effective in killing insects, and is far superior keeping animals out in the cold, for they re- for cleansing purposes. Salt water hardens quire more food to keep them in health and the particles of dirt which may be adhering maintain heat. Animals have nerves and to the leaf and makes them less soluble. Af- feelings as well as humans. ter immersion in hot water, the vegetables should be at once dipped in cold water, and Winter Flowers.—Hyacinths intended for well shaken. This makes them crisp and winter flowering should be placed in the cel- tender. lar until the roots are well formed. Chrys- anthemums will flower if placed in pots in- Muck as a Fertilizer.—Experienced agri- doors. No ornament adds more to the at- culturists claim that muck is of little utility tractiveness of a sitting room than a few when used alone, but becomes very valuable house plants. The care required to keep them when mixed with the products of the stable in excellent condition is very trivial indeed. and barn-yard and allowed to ferment. We advise all who have not already done so to invest a few dimes or dollars in plants. They will repay both principal and interest Garden Work.—Those who have neglected in a short time. to do so until now should at once attend to the pruning of currants, raspberries, and blackberries. All the old wood should be Plant Lice.—To free plants from lice, or cut away, and the new growth should be other small insects, syringe thoroughly with a trimmed back to a proper Night. Mulching solution composed of a tablespoonful of alco- with leaves or coarse manure pays well in in- hol, half a teaspoonful of carbolic acid, and a creased crops. All tender plants should be pint of water. laid down and covered lightly. Cuttings of fruit trees and grape vines should be kept in To Cure Warts.—Touch them twice a day the cellar in sand for early spring use. It is with strong acetic acid. If this fails, apply now a good time to collect all the old rubbish, nitric acid, or aqua fortis, in the same way. 370 THE HEALTH REFORMER. 371

Holiday Bill of Fare. nut is a favorite addition with some. Sprink- le upon a pie-dish fine oatmeal to the depth MOST people wish to notice the occurrence of an eighth of an inch. Add the pumpkin of national holidays by some little deviation carefully so as not to disturb the meal, and from the ordinary bill of fare. Too many bake half an hour. It may be made more among professed reformers seek to obtain the attractive by ornamenting the top with the required variety by resorting to the discarded meats of hickory or other nuts. Squash pie dishes which they have learned to be un- may be made in the same way. wholesome. This course is both unwise and Tarts.—Make a stiff dough of two cups of unnecessary. The following list of recipes graham flour and one of grated cocoanut with would make a dinner which ought to be rel- cold water, kneading well. Add one cupful ished by any one whose tastes are not so of boiled rice. Mix thoroughly and roll thoroughly perverted as to be no longer thin. Bake in gem pans, watching carefully. human Fill with grape or berry sauce just before Christmas Pudding.—In a deep basin or they are to be eaten. nappy, place first a layer of rice which has Oatmeal Crisps.—Take oatmeal pudding been boiled until nearly done. Add next a and knead into it sufficient graham flour to layer of equal parts of sliced tart apples, form a stiff dough. Roll very thin, prick raisins, and dates. The dates and raisins with a fork to prevent blistering, and bake should be chopped. Add another layer of on a grate, leaving them in the oven with rice, then one of fruit, etc., alternating un- the doors open for a few minutes after they til the dish is full. Cover, and bake half or are done. If slightly browned, they have a three-quarters of an hour. Berries or any very pleasant nutty flavor. other kind of fruit may be used in the same way. Chestnut Pudding.—Boil, peel, and pound Stop Such Dangerous Sport !—Dr. Kedzie, of ripe chestnuts, and rub them through a col- Lansing, contributes to the Lansing Republi- ander. Pare and grate ripe, sub-acid apples. can the following protest against the foolish To one part of the chestnuts add two parts of practice in schools of scattering percussicn apples, a little lemon juice, and a sufficient quantity of chopped dates, or date sauce, to matches upon the floor :— sweeten. Bake a few minutes. " It may be a boy's ideal of fun to see a Pearl Barley.—To four parts of water add scholar jump when a match explodes under one part of pearl barley. Cook in a double his foot, to see the school in a little ferment boiler, if possible, for two hours. Pour into of excitement, and the teacher annoyed and teacups, and let it cool. Warm slightly be- perplexed. If they will consider the possible fore placing upon the table, turn out on a consequences of this sport, I think any boy suitable dish, and serve with grape, raspberry, of generous instincts will abandon at once or whortleberry sauce. and forever so dangerous a practice. Crushed wheat, a very wholesome and " A girl's underclothing is composed of delicate article of food, may be cooked and very inflammable materials. If a girl should, served in the same wa • . It re uires a little tread on one of these •ercussion matches, less water, and less time in cooking. there is great danger that her clothing would Fig Pudding.—Soak a half pound of figs be set on fire, in which case she would be until soft. Scald a quart of graham flour and frightfully burned, if not killed ! This is not make it into a stiff dough. Fill full of the a fancy picture. Some three years ago the soft figs, and bake or steam an hour and a Archduchess Sophia, of Austria, was burned half. Serve with lemon, plum, or pie-plant to death in this way. She stepped on a sauce. match which ignited and set fire to her dress, Pumpkin Pie.—Can pumpkin pie be made and she was roasted to death in her own pal- without eggs or milk Certainly; and here ace, surrounded by her attendants, who in is the way to do it. Pare, cut, and stew a vain endeavored to extinguish the flames. ripe, sweet pumpkin, using as little water as " A similar fate befell the the second wife possible, and preserving all the juice. Rub of the poet Longfellow, in 1861. The laces through a colander or sieve, and add a little on her clothing caught fire from carelessly graham flour or oatmeal, and a little water, handling a ' drop-light' attached to a gas- if necessary. Some add an equal quantity of burner, and she was fatally scorched in the oatmeal which has been well boiled and presence of her own helpless children, to their strained. It should be thicker than when life-long grief and horror. made with milk. Chopped dates may be " Children, don't practice any sport which added for sweetening. A little grated cocoa- may destroy human life !"

TEIE

EALTH 1-,FORMER

BATTLE CREEIA' I) ECE 1FBER, 1875.

J. H. KELLOGG, M. D., EDITOR. TERMS, $1.00 A YEAR.

The Hygienic System. nothing but those things which are of posi- tive injury to him. It takes from him no THE " hygienic system," or " health re- real pleasure, and deprives him of no real form," as it is sometimes called, is very little good. It only corrects his bad habits and understood outside of the ranks of its adher- educates him in good ones. It shows him ents. The majority of people believe it to be the depravity of his nature, and restores him a " horrid " doctrine which teaches all man- to right relations with life. It enables him ner of absurdities, such as " starvation diet," to appreciate pleasures of which he was for- " bran-bread diet," "cold-water cure," and merly unconscious. It cleanses his body, similar notions. • frees his mind, unfetters his soul, and sharp- Some people entertain a still more discred- ens his senses. itable opinion of it. When President White,, To those to whom this subject is new, we of Cornell University, was performing his du- would say, Investigate it candidly and thor- ties as a member of a committee to examine oughly; then you will be prepared to judge the health commissioners of New York with of its merits. During the year 1876, it will reference to their .fitness for their office, he be the object of this journal, as heretofore, to asked one of them to define hygienic. " Hi- explain and illustrate the great principles of jin-nicks," said the commissioner, " is a bad this reform. smell arising from dirty water " All this popular prejudice and misunder- " Thou Shalt not Kill." standing is found, by a little examination, to be founded in sheer ignorance of the real IN those four words is summed up the teachings of this system. Hygienic doctrines whole of man's relation to human life. The •have the support of both science and common concise language of the commandment has a sense. Nearly every new discovery in physi- wider signification than most people attach ology confirms the teachings of this system. to it. It is a divine injunction intended not " Water cure," " hydropathy," and " vege- only to strike with terror the midnight as- tarianism " are epithets which are in no way sassin as he waits for his victim, but to palsy applicable to the' hygienic system. Those with fear the hand of the cowardly suicide terms are justly applied to certain specialists which is raised against his own life. More who are not proper representatives of health than this, it falls with equal force upon the reformers, or hygienists in general. Like fiend who, with deeper plotting, murders his every other great reform it numbers among victim by slow degrees, watching, meanwhile, its professed adherents, extremists, fanatics, with inhuman delight, the silent ravages of enthusiasts, quacks, tyros, and pretenders. some subtle poison doing the fatal work. It These, also, must not be taken as representa- also condemns not only the man who deliber- tive hygienists. The public are often unable ately cuts his throat, or swings himself off to discriminate between genuine reformers into eternity from the end of a rope, but the and pretenders, and the whole system is thus individual who knowingly and unnecessarily brought into disrepute. continues to do that which will shorten his Health reform requires a man to sacrifice life, thus committing suicide by degrees. ‘3' 7 2 • THE HEALTH REFORMER. 37:3

The spirit of the precept requires that man the kindly natures whom it chooses for its vic- should not only refrain from taking the life tims. Pathologists tell us that one of the ear- of his fellows, but that he should do all in liest indications of consumption is a deficiency his power to save and lengthen life. The of the fat globules of the blood, one of its com- mon causes a want of it in the food, or an in- man who stood listlessly by and saw a help- ability, from dyspepsia, to digest it. They tell less fellow-creature sink beneath the wave us, too, that wool-combers, and whale-men, or perish in the flames, without offering to and all other workers in oil, are remarkably save him, would be deemed almost a murder- exempt from it. Why not profit by such a er. It is equally binding upon every intelli- lesson 1 Health and beauty alike demand a gent being to care for his own life, and to do generous diet, and few men have any of that imputed sentimentalism which is said to dis- everything in his power to lengthen it ; for like a hearty appetite. he is not required to love his neighbor better " In our attempts to be intellectual and than himself. spiritual, to nurse our minds, and ' scorn the It is only by careful attention to the laws wants of the body '—to use a cant phrase de- of life and health that human life can be pro- lighted in by fools—we have degenerated to longed. It is evident, then, that "obedience premature old age, to physical and consequent to the laws of life and health is a moral obli- mental debility. Eat of good things, butter gation." The man who disregards these laws your bread on both sides, oil well your salads, laugh and grow fat." not only suffers the penalty of physical trans- gression—sickness, but he must also answer Here we have another good illustration of for a moral transgression. Of course, every the way in which men of little renown, and sin is mitigated by the ignorance of the still smaller ability, attempt to rush into transgressor ; but the acquisition of knowl- notoriety by gouging out the eyes of their edge sweeps away this subterfuge ; and will- superiors. The insignificant little king-bird ing ignorance is as sinful as willing trans- would scarcely be known but for his impu- gression. dent behavior toward the proud bird whose The man who drags himself into a drunk- image waves on all our national banners. ard's grave with daily potations of the liquor We imagine that little harm can come from which he knows is killing him, is no less a an effusion like the above, and yet, lest even suicide than the man who ends his career in a few should be deceived, we will notice it a minute with prussic acid. somewhat in detail. The foolish young woman who compresses 1. It is a glaring falsehood that the doc- her waist by tight-lacing, when fully warned trines of. Dr. Graham brought to him " an of the inevitable consequences, is as truly early death :" a. Because he did not die guilty of self-murder as the wretch who ex- early, being nearly sixty at the time of his tinguishes his life by means of compression death ; b. Because his life was prolonged ottlie-toat with a tightly drawn noose. many years • y s e sump e regimen w i le Implicit obedience to all known laws of adopted. When young, his friends did not life and health is the moral duty of every expect him to reach maturity, even, his con- member of the human family. ' stitution was so delicate. He surprised them all by attaining so ripe an age amidst Poor Living vs. Health. the most arduous labors. Those who know- best tell us that trouble of mind arising from, A CERTAIN Dr. Foote, of Buffalo, flings a domestic infelicity had more to do with short- " stunner" at the hygienic system under the ening his days than any other influence. above heading, in the following style :— 2. How generally Dr. Foote's sorry tale is " It is a sorrowful truth, but one now gen- " recognized by medical men " is evidenced erally recognized by medical men, that the by the fact that of the numerous eminent doctrines of Graham—which brought an early writers upon the subject of consumption, not death to their propounder—are the seed and source of very much of that fearful tendency one of them mentions it. The great causes to consumption which overspreads New Eng- of 'consumption in the New England States land, and sweeps away, every year, so many are confinement in-doors, breathing tainted of the gentlest spirits of humanity—for it is air, deficient exercise, and an unfavorable cli 374 THE HEALTH REFORMER.

mate. The most numerous victims are luscious fruit, nourishing grain, and whole- among factory operatives and sedentary peo- some vegetable known to man. Dr. Graham ple. Many recover by a simple change of taught no worse a doctrine than this. He climate. was a useful man, and left behind him noble 3. We are prepared to show that numer- traces of his work. And yet we do not base ous diseases arise from the use of animal fats, our faith on Dr. Graham. We go back to the and that those who eat them the most freely same fountain of truth from which he drank, are the least healthy. We are also prepared and find our solid ground-work in the science to show that the abundant use of fat is no of human physiology. preventive of consumption. Besides, of what 5. Do hygienists " scorn the wants of the possible use could it be for a consumptive to body" / Not they. They pay so much at- eat fat when unable to digest it, as is the case tention to the proper feeding, clothing, and with nearly all consumptives since dyspepsia cleansing of the body that they are often ac- is a usual accompaniment of the disease ? If cused of being quite too material in their wool-combers and whale-men are particularly views. Hygienists have done more than all exempt from lung diseases it is on account of others combined to teach the world that the their active employment, rather than the mind is so dependent upon the body that greasy character of their work. Wool-comb- perfect mental health is impossible without a ers are not usually in the habit of masticating corresponding degree of physical health. the oily products which soil their hands ! It is evidently true of Dr. Foote, as with Neither do whale-men generally imbibe very most others who denounce the doctrines of freely of whale oil. health reform so unsparingly, that he either 3. Supposing it to be true that there is a carelessly or maliciously stigmatizes that of deficiency of fat globules in the blood, what the first principles of which he is totally ig- has this to do with the cause of consumption ? norant. It is a mere result of the disease, not a cause. There is also a deficiency of red blood corpus- A Good Home Wasted.—Some weeks ago we cles ; why not call this the cause of the mal- met a gentleman who has for thirty years ady ? There is attendant emaciation, why been addicted to the use of tobacco. Being naturally of a remarkably robust constitution, not attribute the origin of the tuberculous de- he has argued stoutly for many years that it posit to this condition 1 Consumptives, also, did him no harm. But as he finds himself are generally troubled with a persistent already growing old when he ought to be in cough; why not attribute the origin of the his prime, becoming nervous when his nerves disease to this morbid action ? All of these ought to be like iron, he begins to suspect abnormal conditions and actions are simply that possibly the poisonous weed may have been working more mischief than he thought. the results of the disease. He at least confessed to a little uneasiness 4. " Health and beauty alike demand a over the subject, and was willing to talk generous diet." Certainly they do. We are of the possibility of abandoning the use of the glad to find one true assertion. Though we weed. do not give it the credit of originality, we As a matter of curiosity, we made a careful heartily agree. We must add a qualification, estimate of the cost of the worse than useless however ; the diet must be pure and whole- luxury during the thirty years that he had been addicted to chewing. Reckoning at some, as well as generous. Indeed, it could compound interest, we found that it amount- not well be generous if impure, for nothing ed to more than $2,500.00, which would buy could be more ungenerous than to cram the any man a comfortable home, or give all his body with harmful viands and gross impuri- children a good education. The sum thus ties. Judging from the last sentence of the wasted was rather astonishing, and somewhat extract, Dr. Foote's notion of a generous diet strengthened the half-formed resolution to would seem to be summed up in grease, the reform. We hope he will, and before his constitution is so hopelessly undermined that foul product of the stall and the sty, of gross- there can be no relief for him. If he contin- ness and disease. Our idea of a generous ues chewing at the old rate for ten years diet embraces every really good thing that longer, his tobacco fund will reach the snug grows, from the equator to the poles—every sum of more than $7,000.00. EOPLE'S VEPARTMENT&

Devoted to Brief Discussions of Health Topics, Individual Experiences, and Answers to Correspondents.

Appreciative.—A correspondent who has "I Eat Graham.”—An ignorant opposer of read the REFORMER two years and followed hygienic notions was one day holding forth its teachings, says, " I have become convinced very loudly in a village store, saying all sorts that disease cannot be cured with poisonous of absurd and untruthful things about "bran drugs, but by nature's remedies only. I bread," etc., declaring that these health re- think the HEALTH REFORMER is the best formers could always be told by their lean, health journal in America. I would not do scrawny, starved look. Just• then a fine- without it for ten times the price." looking little boy of about six summers came Says another, " I have received much ben- into the store on an errand for his mother. efit from perusing its pages, and am confi- His plump cheeks, rosy countenance, and dent it is the very best publication of the beaming eyes, betokened the most perfect kind of the age." health. " There," said the speaker, " that is a healthy boy ; you won't see any of those bran-bread urchins look like that. See here, Vegetarian Problems.—A California friend little boy, what makes you so fat ?" " I eat who is much pleased with the REFORMER asks graham bread," responded the little fellow, to the following questions :- the great discomfiture of the garrulous igno- ramus who was unaware of the fact that the 1. If you do not eat meat what will you boy was the son of the very health reformers do with all the animals ? he had been ridiculing. It is needless to say 2. Could you substitute anything else for that the remainder of the laughter was at his boots and shoes ? If so, what expense. Answer. We do not eat horses, and yet AM. we find plenty for them to do. Oxen are Graham Better than Iron.—A. new convert- useful, and cows could also be used for simi- to reform writes that after suffering for years lar purposes, as they are in other countries. with rheumatism and dyspepsia, for which he Sheep will produce much more wool while took huge doses of carbonate of iron, but con- alive than after death. Hogs could be al- tinued to get worse (of course), he accidentally lowed to attend to their legitimate business came across a copy of the REFORMER, by means as scavengers. If they should become so of which he was led to renounce the iron, and numerous as to seriously interfere with hu- take in its stead wheat-meal porridge. His man life, they could be used for the manu- health began to improve at once. Although facture of oil for lubricating purposes. very weak before, his strength returned so as The killing of animals for their hides is to enable him to engage in his occupation of wholly unnecessary, since there are so many farming. substitutes for leather. India rubber, which is now made from the common milk-weed, Poisonous Candy.—A lady correspondent will answer for many uses. Shoes are now sends us the following account of how her made from paper in some countries, and they babe was affected by eating colored candy :— are found to be not only light and cheap, but " A lady friend gave her a little piece an very durable. They can be made wholly im- inch long. It was colored red. I thought pervious to water, and are as warm as leather. in an instant of what I had read in the HEALTH In some countries, wooden shoes are quite REFORMER about poisonous candies and ex- fashionable, and are pronounced to be very pressed my fear of it, but the lady said, I comfortable. They are even worn in some guess it is good, I have been eating of it and Dutch settlements in this country. it didn't hurt me.' So I foolishly allowed her 37 6 376 THE HEALTH REFORMER. to have it. The next day, baby worried a along with Magnes. Sulph. in the Infus. great deal. Wondering if it was teething Rose. But this is merely a supposition. that caused her worriment, I looked into her You can't dissolve medical science and skill, mouth, and what a sight ! The tongue was either in Infus. Rose, or Mist. Camphae., or Aqua Pump. Why, then, should not medi- very red and swollen, and the end was cov- cal practitioners follow out the California no- ered with little white pimples. There were tion, and charge for their opinions, as ex- also cankers upon the inside of the lip. For pressed in their interjections As for in- several days she was unable to take her usual stance :— food. I write this as another note of warn- Humph ' 2s. 6d, ing to beware of pretty poisonous candy." Ha ! ls. 6d. Oho I 3s. Od. Indeed 4s. 6d. Benefits Received.—I have been taking the Well, well 5s. Od. HEALTH REFORMER for two years and now feel as if I could not keep house without it. The idea might be extended, so that the I thought health reform was a terrible doc- scale of fees should rise proportionally with trine when I first heard it, but I must confess the elongation of the professional utterance, that the more I read and study it the more I as thus believe it. I see in my brother-in-law's fami- Put out your tongue, . . Gs. 8d. ly a wonderful change for the better, from the Let me feel your pulse, . . 13s. 6d. adoption of health reform. They now seem to enjoy religion as well as good health. But here we forbear, considering that our MRS. M. BARR. recommendation to charge — addressed to Health reform is one of the greatest aids doctors—must appear to patients rather like the exhortation, " Up; guards, and at them !" to practical piety. Yes, the practice of its —London Punch. teachings is piety. Any person can enjoy re- ligion better with a clear brain, a clean skin, Value of Hygiene.—" As they advance in and a healthy stomach. Mrs. Barr's experi- life, young practitioners will find, like myself, ence is like that of all who investigate with that pharmaceutics do not fulfill all their candor ; the more they see of this reform, the promises, and they very frequently return to better they understand its principles, the bet- the employment of well-directed hygienic ter they like it. modifications. Such is the history of all re- flecting and observant practitioners."—Prqf. Bouchardat. Why he Died.—A doctor, who was arrested because his patient died, has been acquitted on the ground that he did the best he could, gave all the medicines he knew the name of. elinfions anb minas. He put in a plea that he never insured a case when he took it. An intelligent jury would Loss of Memory—Heaviness.—G. A., N. Y., find ample grounds for conviction of any man says, I should like you to answer in your for murder who gave all the poisons he could journal what you would do for loss of mem- find to a fellow-being, were he any other than ory, and heaviness in the head, with thought a doctor. Why should the addition of two and speech not so clear as they ought to be. Latin initials to the name so change their ver- Ans. There are several causes which may dict ? Certainly there could be no wonder produce the conditions described, as dyspep- why the patient died. sia, nervous debility, exhaustion, loss of sleep, inactive liver, and breathing impure air. Of Doctors' Bills.—A California writer, speak- course these causes must be removed. Atten- ing of medical practice in that country, says tion to all the laws of health is essential. that he paid twenty-seven dollars " for three The memory can be greatly improved by cul- ahems ? ' and a ' lie ! ' " Hence may be de- tivation. The cultivation of memory chiefly rived a scheme for the reformation of doctors' consists in studying methodically, and taking bills. To charge a shilling or eighteen pence great pains to impress the mind as deeply as for a draught consisting of rose, holding a possible by calling into action as many differ- neutral salt in solution, value one penny, ent faculties as may be. A more definite would be a monstrosity, did we not know statement of your mode of life, occupation, that the practitioner's education, knowledge, etc., would enable us to give more definite di- and abilities are supposed to be dissolved rections. THE HEALTH REFORMER. 377

Paper Collars—Brown's Troches, etc.—A., healthy activity of the body demands the Iowa, asks, 1. Will sleeping with paper collars maintenance of a certain temperature, 98°, F. affect the throat 1 2. Are Brown's troches If this degree of heat is increased, water is good for huskiness of the voice 4 3. Are poured out upon the whole surface of the body paper bosoms injurious to health when worn ? for the purpose of getting rid of the extra 4. Is going to bed immediately after hard heat. If an extreme degree of heat be 'ap- study productive of nightmare plied, water is poured out immediately be- neath the cuticle, for the purpose of protection. Ans. 1. Unglazed paper collars are harm- In this way a portion of the skin is sacrificed less. Those which are glazed usually contain for the protection of the rest. The abnormal arsenic, and are poisonous. It is a bad plan, activity of the tissues to protect themselves however, to sleep with any restriction about sometimes results in their death. the throat, as the venous circulation from the head will be obstructed by so doing. School Physiology.—R. M. C., Iowa : The Tight collars are bad at any time. 2. Brown's best work we know of at present is Cutter's, troches will never cure throat disease. They published by J. B. Lippincott Sz Co., Phila- sometimes seem to palliate the irritation and delphia, Pa. Although this is a very good hoarseness, but they never cure. Do not use work, it is not free from errors. them. They never enter the air-passages, as the slightest knowledge of anatomy will show, M. A. R., Mass., is troubled with intense but pass directly down into the stomach, irritation in the lower part of the right side where they are productive of much mischief. on coughing or sneezing. Wishes to know The only thing they can do, is harm. 3. the cause. Paper bosoms are not harmful. 4. Going to Airs. The information given is too meager bed when the mind is unduly excited, no to enable us to even make a good guess at the matter what the cause, will often occasion difficulty. Please state the kind of irritation, disturbance of sleep. This is especially true the length of time it has been present, and after a hearty supper. The mind should constitutional symptoms, if any are present. always have some pleasant recreation before retiring, if sound sleep would be obtained. Whooping Cough.—Mrs. J. B. asks for the proper treatment of whooping cough. Tetter.—J. Z., Tenn., writes, I have a daugh- ter fourteen years of age.. For the last six Ans. The disease will cease of itself in months she has had the tetter very bad, and due time if let alone, the patient being care- the doctor has been treating the case all the fully nursed, meanwhile. No remedies will while, and has done no good. If you can materially shorten its duration. Warm baths, give me a remedy for it, I will be thankful. wholesome food, plenty of fresh air, and warm clothing of feet and limbs, are the most im- Ans. The disease is probably due to de- portant measures. Give no drugs. Emetics rangement of the stomach and liver. This are very injurious, exhausting the patient and must be regulated by correct diet, out-of-door disordering digestion. exercise, and general attention to the laws of health. If the disease is confined to a small Bronchitis.—J. H., Kansas : Your difficulty portion of the body, wear the wet bandage is bronchitis. You have not consumption. upon it constantly, renewing it several times Hygienic diet and treatment will do wonders a day. If the whole body is affected, give for you. You can do something at home one or two wet-sheet packs each week, and a with a home prescription, but will do far rubbing wet sheet every other day. The better at a good institution. Walnuts which pack should be continued about an hour, and are not too strong and oily are wholesome for should be followed by vigorous rubbing. The healthy stomachs. Hickory nuts, almonds, temperature of packs and baths should be and chestnuts are better. about 95°. Abscess of Ear.—Mrs. L. H., Kan., has a Burns.—J. R., Ind., asks for an explanation babe which is suffering with abscess of the of a burn, saying that it is to him a self-evident ear ; requests a remedy. fact that dead matter cannot act on living, Ans. Abscesses in and about the ear have but he would like an explanation of how liv- very different points of origin, requiring dif- ing matter acts against heat in producing a ferent treatment accordingly. We would burn. advise you to apply to a good surgeon who Ans. Our space is insufficient in this de- can make a careful examination. Give the partment to explain the whole subject of vital child no medicine. Keep the parts cleansed reaction ; perhaps a word will suffice. The with warm water, and promote free discharge. tOPULAR $,CIENCE?t

In this Department Will Be Noted the Progress of Science, New Discoveries, and Inventions.

Our Daily Supply of Heat. amined it, though no explorations can take place. It is feared by many that a volcanic IT has been shown, by the researches of eruption may break forth there some time. Sir John Herschel and Pouillet, that on the Such a thing has occurred in places as unex- average our earth receives, each day, a sup- pectedly.—S'el. ply of heat competent to heat an ocean 260 • - yards deep over the whole surface of the Subterranean Fishes. earth, from the temperature of melting ice to the boiling point. Now, on or about June IN boring artesian wells in the Desert of 30, the supply is about one-thirtieth less, Sahara, very small fishes, resembling the while on or about Dec. 30, the supply is one- white-bait, not unfrequently occur, which in- thirtieth greater. Accordingly, on June 30, habit the waters of the subterranean bed of the heat received in a single day would he the desert. They are identical with a species competent only to raise an ocean 2513 yards from the waters of Biskra. The male differs deep from the freezing to the boiling point, from the female in being transversely barred, whereas, on Dec. 30, the heat received from so that some authors have regarded it as a the sun would so heat an ocean 2681 yards distinct species. The eyes are well formed, deep. The mere excess of heat, therefore, on although these fishes live a part of the time Dec. 30, as compared with June 30, would in obscurity. It seems that as far back as suffice to raise an ocean more than 17 1849 the governor of the Oases of Thebes yards deep, and covering the whole earth, and Gaibe, in Egypt, stated that an artesian from the freezing-point to the temperature of well, about 105 feet deep, which he had boiling water !—Popular Science Monthly, cleaned out, furnished for his table fishes which probably came from the Nile, as the sand which he had brought up from this A Breathing Cave. artesian well was identical with that of this river. IN the range of mountains in Western North Carolina known as the Fox Range, is Singular Discovery. a most singular phenomenon. It is a breath- ing cave. In the summer months a current A REMARKABLE discovery Was made on an of air comes from it so strongly that a per- island in the Mississippi, eight miles below son cannot walk against it, while in winter the Davenport, Iowa, Aug. 28, by some fisher- suction is just as great. The cool air from men. It was a subterranean cave, hewn out the mountain in the summer is felt for miles, of the solid rock, which was covered by a in a direct line from the mouth of the cave. huge rock, and which was reached by stone At times a most unpleasant odor is emitted steps. The floor of this subterranean cavity, upon the current, from dead carcasses of ani- which had undoubtedly been made thousands mals sucked in and killed by its violence. of years ago, was thickly strewn with ashes, The loss of cattle and stock in that section in the charred remains of bones, and a substance winter is accounted for in this way : They range which they took to be dead leaves, first wet- too near the mouth of the cave, and the current ted, then pressed together, and resembling in carries them in. At times, when the change color and solidity the cake from oatmeal. from inhalation to exhalation begins, the air Among the dry ashes they picked up three is filled with the hair of various animals ; tusks about the size of boar's teeth, and still not unfrequently bones and whole carcasses lower the boat-hook came in contact with a are found miles from the place. The air has hard substance which proved to be a skull, been known to change materially in temper- brown as polished walnut, perfect in every ature during exhalation, from quite cool to respect, and of extraordinary size. On fur- unpleasantly hot, withering vegetation within ther examination almost a complete skeleton reach, and accompanied by a terrible roaring, was discovered. But the most singular part gurgling sound, as of a pot boiling. It is un- came to light in the hardened and almost pet- accounted for by scientific men who have ex- rified leather straps, bronze buckles, and a 378 THE HEALTH REFORMER. 379 wooden leg which continued the right ex- Anaesthetizing during Sleep.— Prof. Dol- tremity, that limb having been removed about bean has shown by elaborate experiments midway between the hip and the knee. This upon sleeping persons that about one-third is a -at ry interesting discovery, proving that a can be made totally insensible by chloroform knowledge of bronze was among the learning without awakening them, if the drug is skill- of the aboriginal Americans, and that mechan- fully administered. Most people will be ical surgery in those days was equal at least awakened at once by the inhalation of chlo- to the adaptation of a timber extremity.—Chi- roform. Ether could not be used with any cago Tribune. degree of success on account of its irritating properties. Bichloride of methylene is said Photographs by Lightning.—The leaf-like to have been successfully used by burglars for figures which are so frequently found upon the purpose of stupefying their victims. It the bodies of men and animals struck by acts more rapidly than chloroform. lightning are generally believed to be impres- sions of the foliage in the vicinity where the accident occurs, made by the lightning in Iron in Snow.—Dr. Nordenskiceld, a great some manner analogous to the process of pho- northern traveler, has discovered that iron is tography. There are strong reasons, however, always present in snow. By means of a in support of the proposition advanced by magnet he was able to extract it in small Mr. Tomlinson, F. R. S., that these figures particles. It is supposed to be of meteoric are not derived from trees at all, but repre- origin, and is found alike in the snow which sent the fiery hand of lightning itself, the falls in temperate latitudes and in the arctic trunk being traced by the main discharge, region. while the spray-like branches proceed from the electric feelers first cast out, as it were, Sudden Fall of Temperature.—The changes to find the line of least resistance. The of temperature at Denver, Col., are sometimes sensation of cob-webs' being drawn over the unpleasantly rapid. In one case the mer- face, which has sometimes been felt by sail- cury fell 48° in a single hour. In another ors just before their ship was struck by light- instance there was a fall of 36° in five min- ning, is by him attributed to these sprays of utes. The sudden changes were supposed to electricity preceding the main discharge. It be caused by an almost instantaneous fall of is nevertheless true that neighboring metallic large masses of cold air. objects, such as a horseshoe, for example, are frequently impressed with marvelous distinct- ness upon the body of the person struck. Experiments with the Sense of Taste.—Dr. Stone has recently called attention to a curi- Brain of Man and Apes.—Prof. 0 wen is ous fact relating to the sense of taste. If a quoted as saying, before the Anthropological strong solution of nitric acid is drawn upon society of London, that the brain of man is the tongue through a glass tube, a swallow of more complex in its organization than the water taken immediately afterward will oc- brain of inferior animals, it is more subject casion a sweet taste. An electric current to injury, and more liable to experience the passed through the head will produce a me- want of perfect development ; that instances tallic taste in the mouth by excitation of the of idiocy occur among all races of mankind, gustatory nerves. The same effect may be and that extreme smallness of the skull indi- produced by placing a piece of zinc and a cates want of intellect approaching to idiocy. copper penny upon opposite sides of the Alluding to the attempts that have been tongue. made to find a link of connection between man and apes, he remarked that it was possi- Mechanical Action of Light.—Prof. Crookes ble that an idiot with an imperfectly devel- claims to have proved that rays of light can oped brain might wander into some cave, and be utilized as a motive agency by means of there die, and in two or three years his bones properly constructed apparatus. The model might be covered with mud, or be imbedded which he exhibited somewhat resembled a in stalagmite, and, when discovered, such a windmill. skull might be adduced as affording the long- looked-for link connecting man with the in- Gold in the Ocean.—A. chemist has discov- ferior animals. He expresses the opinion ered that sea water contains gold in solution. that the difference in question is altogether According to careful estimates, the propor- too wide to be bridged over by the skull of tion is one grain to a ton of water, or about any creature yet discovered. 400 tons of gold to a cubic mile of sea water. SEWS AND ti ISCELLANY

In this Department Will Be Summarized the Most Important of the Events of the Day.

—The civil war in Spain still continues. In —Thousands of cattle have been affected with a recent battle both parties claimed the victory. foot-and-mouth disease in England during the last few weeks. Comparatively few animals have —Count von Arnim has been sentenced to long died of the distemper, however, as the butchers imprisonment, and is about to be formally cash- generally manage to get the start of nature a iered from the public service. little in killing them and sending them to mar- —The Cuban struggle is still as active as ever ket. with no prospect of a termination until Spain either kills all the natives or frees them. —Vice-President Wilson died at Washington, Nov. 22. His funeral services were attended —The Cheyenne and Osage Indians are be- with great pomp. Mr. Wilson was born in 1812, coming very troublesome, and reinforcements and first came before the public as a stump are being sent to the agencies of those districts. speaker for the whig party. He was early asso- —The broken cable of the direct United States ciated with Sumner and Horace Mann. line has been grappled by the steamer Farraday, and is probably spliced. —Carruth, the unfortunate editor of the Vine- land Independent, has finally died from the ef- —A letter sent from New York City recently fects of the bullet which was lodged in his brain made the entire circuit of the globe in eighty- last spring by Landis, the founder of the Vine- eight days, a little less than three months. land community. About the time of the trage- —The present population of the world, ac- dy a long article from the pen of Mr. Landis cording to the latest statistics, is 1,391,032,000, appeared in an English magazine describing the of which the United States have about 40,000,- wonderful peace and domestic felicity which 000. reigned in his community. —About one-sixth of the revenue of the Unit- —According to the London Farmer the num- ed States is paid by the single State of Illinois, ber of cases of cattle disease in England for the the larger share being for tobacco and whisky. quarter ending Oct. 16, was as follows : In Som- —The threatened difficulty with Spain con- ersetahire, 83,000 ; in Cheshire, 50,000 ; in Dor- cerning the treaty of 1795 has finally passed over setshire, 48,000 ; in Gloucestershire, 44,000 ; in without serious disturbance. Oxfordshire, 39,000; in Warwickshire, 33,000 ; in Norfolk, 31,000 ; in Cumberland, 23,000. —More than ninety lives are reported to have Throughout England and Wales there were for been lost with the steamship Pacific which found- the same time over 500,000 cases. The money ered between Portland, Oregon, and San Fran- damage is estimated at a million dollars. cisco, the 4th of Nov. —Can foot-and-mouth disease be communi- —The recent floods in England have de- cated to man ? A writer in the Live Stock Jour- stroyed many lives, inundated thousands of nal of London says, Yes, and vouches for an in- homes, destroying millions of property, and al- stance, though he withholds names. The Dub- most wholly obstructed traffic in some districts lin _Express is authority for the statement that by preventing transportation. the disorder has affected a number of persons in —A serious insurrection among the Turks that neighborhood, and that the sylnptoms are threatens to occasion still greater trouble by re- much the same as those that mark its presence viving the Eastern Question. Sixty Christians in its dumb victims, the mouth being greatly were recently murdered in a town near the Dal- blistered and a similar soreness in the feet. matian frontier. —Notwithstanding the rigid surveillance of —The recent expulsion of Mrs. Moulton and the British government, the murder of sick peo- Deacon West from Plymouth Church has given ple still continues in India, although more in- occasion for a letter from the former in which frequent than formerly. When a man has out- another investigation of the scandal is demanded. lived his usefulness, he is carried to the river The writer reiterates with emphasis her former side to die. If he lingers more than a day or charges against Mr. Beecher. two in spite of neglect and rough usage, he is placed in the water and held there until life is —The epizootic disease has been prevailing extinct. Not long since some noted writers in quite extensively during the past few weeks. England attempted to introduce this custom of Diseases among cattle are also very prevalent, murdering sick and useless people under the some being quite unknown before. Hog chol- euphonious term of "euthanasia," proposing to era is destroying thousands of scrofulous scav- engers in Illinois. produce death by means of chloroform. 380 ate t EITERARY ROTICES

The World Is Full of Literature, but Good Reading Is very Scarce. ^^^ THE LIFE AND LABORS OF DAVID LIVINGSTONE, ful information to young men. So far as we LL. D. Philadelphia : Hubbard Bros. have examined it, we find it quite free from This is a work of 805 pp., is elegantly bound, those objectionable features which make most and amply illustrated with splendid engravings. works of this kind productive of far more harm As the title implies, it embodies a sketch of the than good. The world is suffering for proper early history of this world-renowned missionary information on subjects of this nature. explorer, as well as a full account of his inde- fatigable efforts to open up to the improving in- MYSTERIES OF THE HEAD AND THE HEART. By fluences of civilization the wilds of Central Afri- J. Stanley Grimes. Chicago : Keen, Cooke, & ca. The book is one which cannot fail to inter- Co. est alike the scholar, the scientist, the theologian, Prof. Grimes was one of the earliest lecturers and the general reader. It abounds with felici- on the subject of phrenology, beginning his ca- tous descriptions of the many curious and thrill- reer more than thirty years ago as a traveling ing sights and scenes, and wonderful objects phrenologist and mesmerizer. He claims that which were met by a diligent observer of nature mesmerism is a psychical phenomenon wholly de- in a country a large portion of which was pre- void of any supernatural element. He lays claim viously unknown to Europeans. The compiler to several very important discoveries in mental of the work, a clergyman, improves every op- physiology and phrenology, differing in several portunity of pointing a moral from every inci- particulars from other phrenologists both in the dent or fact susceptible of such use, giving to classification and the naming of the different the work a decidedly religious cast. It is doubt- faculties. The general style of the work would less, on the whole, the best book on Livingstone be pronounced by many somewhat egotistical. and Africa which has yet appeared. It is hav- The author evidently believes himself right, and ing a large sale, being sold by subscription. We seems to have the opinion that every one who can heartily commend it to all whose tastes are reads his book will be compelled to acknowledge pleased with novel experiences and thrilling ad- the same. Mr. Grimes indorses the psychical ventures told without romantic coloring. part of spiritualism, but pronounces all the phys- ical manifestations as trickery. His arguments HEALTH. By Edward Smith, M. D., F. R. S. are quite ingenious, but to our mind, not wholly New York : D. Appleton & Co. conclusive. Au excellent little work by one of the most able and scientific writers upon subjects pertain- FUNGI: Their Nature and Uses. By M. C. ing to health. The work is commendable for its Cooke, M. A. New York: D. Appleton & Co. scientific accuracy while at the same time it is This is indeed a charming volume for all lov- quite free from technical words and phrases. ers of nature. It is illustrated by more than Here is what the author says of tobacco : " It is one hundred engravings, and is gotten up in doubtless a delusion to believe that the mind is excellent style throughout. It is one of the more fitted for work when soothed by tobacco. latest of the International Scientific Series, pub- . . - We are of opinion that it is more fitted lished by Appleton, and is fully up to the high to discharge the duties of life when not under standard maintained in all of its predecessors. the influence of this or any other narcotic." The author is well known as a close student of Again, " It may be true that tobacco is smoked nature, abundant proof of painstaking industry with impunity, but it is equally true that the being found all through the volume. The book whole tendency of its action is towards disease, is certainly indispensable to every teacher or and it is impossible to say how much of good it student of botany, and cannot fail to be of in- has prevented. When to this is added the nni- terest to the intelligent general reader, on ac- sauce which it creates to many, the waste of count of the many curious and interesting facts money which might have been profitably em- which are related concerning a class of vegeta- ployed, and which was perhaps needed for edu- tion which is usually trodden under foot as too cation or other modes of advancement in life, or insignificant for notice. for the help of those nearly related, it can be re- garded as little leas than a sin." "It contains VICK'S FLORAL GUIDE is one of the most ele- no nourishment, but, on the contrary, is a pow- gant catalogues of seeds and bulbs published. erful poison . . . . so powerful that doctors It is, in fact, much more than a mere catalogue, dare not use it." containing a great amount of valuable informa- tion respecting the proper cultivation of plants, GOLDEN HYGIENIC RULES FOR THE CURE OF laying out of grounds, etc. It is as useful as NERVOUS DEBILITY. By T. F. Hicks, M. D. elegant. Published at Rochester, N. Y., at A small pamphlet containing much very use- 25 cts. a year. 381 382 THE HEALTH REFORMER.

vered against all opposition in introducing our ftt for the outfit. publications where they were previously un- • known, many times illustrating in their own per- t A BLUE cross by this paragraph signifies that sons the benefits to be received from living the the subscription has expired, and that this number is principles of reform. the last that will be sent till the subscription is re- And so, with an army of missionary workers newed. A renewal is earnestly solicited. at our back, we are confident of future success, and have no thought of suspending, as some of our younger contemporaries are talking of doing. .X4r. The subscriptions of several hundreds of A few more agents are wanted. Send in or- our subscribers expire with this number. They ders for outfits. An agent can do little without will please recollect that our terms are " $1.00 suitable facilities, and there is no risk to run, a year in advance," and remit at once so as to for the books received for the $1.50 sent are save us the unpleasant necessity of dropping more than worth the money. Agents who wish their names from our list. We are willing to time on books should send references with their orders. wait on those who are in close circumstances if they will notify us to that effect. Children's Books.

Health Reformer for 1876. To supply a long-felt lack among our people, of proper reading for youth and children, we Oux old patrons will observe several changes have begun to publish several series of small in the present number which we hope will not books, each series adapted to readers of a differ- be unacceptable to them as well as to new ent age. friends whose acquaintance we hope to form We now offer twenty little books, post-paid, during the year 1876. The object of introduc- for fifty cents. Each will have a pretty colored ing literary, news, and farm and household cover and will contain sixteen pages of the most departments has not been to make the RE- interesting reading matter, for children from FORMER any less a health journal, and a pioneer the ages of five to twelve years. of reform in all that relates to human health, This matter has been carefully selected by but to make it something more of a family pa- Mrs. W. during the past twenty years, and it per. The times are hard, and many feel as has been the object that these books should be though they can hardly afford the luxury of free from those expressions which are designed more than one, or at most two, periodicals. to impress young minds with the popular the- They want to find in those two about all that is ological fables of the day. necessary to know. One is expected to impart This first series will be particularly appropri- a sufficiency of moral and religous instruction, ate for Christmas and New Years gifts, as well while the other is required to keep the family as for prizes and rewards of merit in the Sab- posted in all other matters. bath schools. It cannot be expected, of course, that any of We shall have the series complete, neatly put the miscellaneous departments can deal with up in packages, in season to reach any part of their several subjects as exhaustively as a jour- the United States before the holidays. Order nal devoted to each of them as specialties ; we at once. First come ; first served. shall try to give the most essential features on- We repeat the offer : Twenty small books, ly of each subject, extracting the choicest bits each different, containing sixteen pages of t'he from the great mass of heterogeneous matter best reading matter, for fifty cents. which comes under our eye. Address, SIGNS OF THE TIMES, Oakland, Cal- We hope to be able to make the new depart- ifornia. JAMES WHITE. ments so practical that they will be well worth the price of the journal even to a person who is not SPECIAL EDITION OF HEALTH ALMANAC.-At particularly interested in the subject of health. the request of friends, we have issued a special edition of the Family Health Almanac. It is An Army of Missionary Canvassers. printed on the very finest paper in the market, and is covered with an extra-fine cover, which is THAT canvassing for our health publications ornamented with bronze. It is furnished with is found to be profitable as well as philanthropic an eyelet and tape ready for hanging up, and is is evidenced by the way in which orders are re- just the thing for those who wish something ornamental as well as useful. Those who wish ceived for canvasser's outfits. We are glad to to put copies of the almanac into banks, reading see such energetic activity on the part of our rooms, hotels, or other public places, would do friends, who are evidently intent on spreading well to obtain a few copies for that purpose. abroad the gospel of health for the enlighten- Retail price, 15 cts. By the quantity, 10 cts. ment of their benighted friends and fellow-men. Thus far we have achieved success, even be- ERRATUM. —On page 340 of last number, the yond our fondest hopes. This, we are very word " Trade " was inadvertently substituted for willing to grant, has been mostly due to our Health in the first heading. A few copies were hundreds of earnest co-workers, who have perse- printed before the error was discovered.

THE HEALTH REFORMER. 3&3

" I Shall Eat What my Appetite Verbal Vices 176 INDEX TO VOL. X. Craves " 170 Ventilation 260 Infirmities of Speech.... 225 We Can Make Home Happy 35 Influence of the Imagination 265 Why not Greater Progress 46 GENERAL ARTICLES. Importance of Bodily Exercise 268 What to Teach Our Sons 273 PAGE. Is tie Sick? 303 Who and What Killed that King James's Counterblaste to Young Lady 358 A Dann and a Word 3 Winter Flowers An Encouraging Rumor 8 Tobacco 324, 354 370 A Remarkable Case 49 London 11 Always too Late 66 Limit your Wants 43 EDITORIAL. A Little Elbow Room 67 Leprosy in America 72 Air. Pure Air 75 Look Out 145 American Health Association 22 A Cheap Window 'Ventilator 113 Miscellaneous Paragraphs 31 A Notable Falsehood 23 Adam Clarke on Tobacco 143 Medical Problems 44 A Medical Revival 50 A Holocaust to Tobacco 167 Ministers end Cigars 48 Aids to Vegetarianism 116 Apoplexy 168 Medical Practice in 1700 166 Another Evidence of Progress 147 Appearances often Deceptive 209 News and Miscellany 380 A Sermon on Water 148 Amateur Nursing 295 One Life Wasted 360 Acute Dysentery 270 A Chapter on Manners 304 Physiology and Hygiene A Good Home %V asted 374 A Vain Delusion 329 35, 67, 100, 129 Bathing 210 Anecdote of Dr. Cox 335 Physical Culture 73 Bogus Health Institutes 306 A Chat about Sleep 335 Polite Children 144 Beef Tea and Extract of Meat 339 Alcoholic Drinks in England 356 Power of Appetite.. 232 Cigar-Making Again 55 A Kindly Deed 360 Physiological Effects of Moder- Chicken Pie and Potato Bugs 278 A True Story 363 ate Drinking 260 Cigar-Box Coffins 310 A Singular Planet 365 Regard for the Aged 17 Diptheria . 50 Bible Hygiene.....1, 38, 65, 97, 161 Remarkable Health of the Jews 241 Drugs, Dress, and Diet 82 Bad Advice 338 Smoking " to the Glory of God" 12 Diet vs. Whipping 116 Carbonic Acid & its Fatal Effects 79 Sunshine 12 Does Alcohol Make Men Work Cheap Bitters 144 Society for the Prevention of Easier 181 Case of Chronic Arsenic Poisoni 170 Cruelty to Women and Disinfectants and Disinfection 242 Criminal Responsibility. 198 Children 46 Domestic Education . 811 Cleanliness and Care of the Skin 234 Scarlet Fever 77 Encouraging Words • 24 Cleanliness and Godliness 286 Social Reformers 109 Food and Force. 114 Curious Curatives 265 Schools and School Children 171 Fatal Drugging and Profession- Children's Eyes 296 Swedish Movements.. 227, 269, 327 al Fighting 275 Causes of the Degeneracy of Sleep and Beds 237 Hypercritical Hygienists 84 the Teeth 336 Sunlight and Exercise 270 Hygienic Dress 85 Clothing 353 " Sin no More " 271 Herb Medicines 180 Christianity and Alcohol 357 Seasonable Fashion Gossip 272 Homeopathy Outdone 183 " Conceit Kills and Conceit " So near Grows Death to Life " 273 Homeopathy in Michigan Uni- Cures " 364 Small Waists and Consumption 800 versity 807 " Cutting a Dido " 865 Self-Murder 805 Iron Tonics 839 Dangers of Pork-Eating Ex- Stop Such Dangerous Sport 371 Ministers vs. Tobacco 52. posed 9 The Medical Use of Alcohol 8 Mineral Springs 274 Death 49 True Gentlemen 7 Michigan Board of Health 840 Disinfectants and Deodorizers 106 The Health Reform, • 7 Narcotizing Horses 182 Don't Kiss the Baby. 138 The Blood 8 Necessity for Specific Rules of Dress Reform 163, 194 The Confession of a Reformed Health 278 Discussion of the Salt Ques- Smoker 13 Our Religious Creed 182 tion 172, 202 That Package 41 Parlor Lectures ' 211 Diagnosis of a Cold 201 The Better Way and the Best Poor Living vs. Health 373. " Dressed to Kill " 802 Way . 43 Refreshing 86 Do n't Worry about Yourself 305 Treatment of the Drowned 69 " Regular " Heroic Treatment 146 Dr. Holmes on Trail Dresses 833 The Study of Medicine 71 " Regular " Hospital Practice 149• Excitement and Short Life ...: 143 Things that Should not Be Read 75 Sensible and Suggestive 55 Eating for Strength 197 "To the Front" 100 Softening of the Brain 114 Excessive Death Rates among • The Great Foe of the South 104 Smoky Science 117 Children 297 The American School Girl 112 Should the Aged Drink Wine? 146 Eat Slowly 304 Table Manners 138 The Old Year and the New 18 Evidence in Favor of the Cura- That Spare Room 139 The Hygienic Platform 13 bility of Diseases by Nature 330 Two Minutes' Sermon to Young The HEALTH REFORMER in Neu- Exercise 857 Ladies 176 chatel 19 Evils of Gossip 864 The Story of Caspar Hauser 177 Tape-worm in Beef 54 Foreign Incrustations on the The Physical Effects of Alcohol 193 Those Loathsome Parasites 117 Teeth—Tartar 292 Tea, Coffee and Tobacco 228 Tobacco Pledge 149 Female Education 305 Tea Drunkards 241 Testimony in Favor of Vegeta- Farm and Household no The Unconscious Action of the rianism 182 Good Words 208 Brain 257 The New Treatment of Fever 213 Genuine Nobility 273 The Inhumanities of Parents 362 The Temperance Cause in Switz- Garden Work 370 The Skin 272 erland 243 Hygienist Abroad . 39 The Causes of Physical Degen- The Use of Alcohol as a Med- Hints toward Reform.. 81, 137, 237 eracy 289 icine 243 Hands vs. Brains 99 Thoughts Concerning Wine 294 The " Tribune " Groggery 245 Health Reform in Switzerland 107 The Bible Wine Question 800 Typhoid Fever 308 Health of American Girls 144 The Causes of Dyspepsia 321 The Methodists vs. Tobacco 340 Hygienic Education 235 The Line of Safety 326 " Thou Shalt not Kill " 372 Hydrophobia 269 Temperance and Vegetarianism 328 The Hygienic System 372 Health and Happiness 302 The Game of Life 834 Universal Suffocation 10' Holding a Council 304 The Hair 359 Ventilation 338 Hatching Out a Woman 834 Use of Stimulants by Women 104 Who Are Extremists 21 Horses and Colts 870 Unnatural Deaths 105 What Is Medicine 53 Holiday Bill of Fare 371 U. I. M. E. Conference and Wonderful Success. 83. Is the Use of Salt Wholly In- Tobacco 106 Waste Pipes 118 jurious 131 Victims of Opium-Eating 140 Why Americans Die 311

3S4 THE HEALTH REFORMER.

PEOPLE'S DEPARTMENT. Hygienic Dishes 124 To Remove Stains 318, 349 How to Peel Onions without Whitewashing 222 An Acknowledgement 87 Tears 252 Waterproof Coating for Walls WA A Pioneer 88 How to Keep Apples and Pears 815 What to Do in Case of Accident 254 A Word from Indiana 121 Hygienic Cookery and Cook A Case of Whooping Cough 151 Book 845 SCIENTIFIC. Apothecary 185 Hygienic Dishes 846 A New Danger 215 Is Proper Food Stimulating 92 Arsenical Colors 191 A Salt Item 248 Interesting Notes 190 Action of Absinthe and Alcohol 228 Avoid the Poisons 279 John Wesley a Vegetarian 368 Amount of a Day's Work 350 Among the Doctors 811 Keeping Lemons and Oranges 816 Artificial Respiration in Asphyx- A Puzzled Reformer 341 Lead in Potable Waters 221 ia and in Snake Bite 350 Benefits Received 812 Lungs and Livers 847 Amount of Force Derived by the Conservatism Refined. 120 Oatmeal Pie Crust 158 Earth from the Sun's Heat 350 Carrying Things too Far 216 Preserving Fruits & Vegetables 250 A Breathing Cave 378 Circulate the REFORMER 247 Physical Strength of the Irish 251 Brain of Man and Apes 879 Cure for Dyspepsia 248 Preserving Fresh Grapes 315 Cements 191 Care of the Sick 313 Recipes 219, 252 Counting the Blood Corpuscles 350 Calomel in America 842 Recipe for Unfermented Wine. 347 Cemeilt for Wood and Stone 350 Silent Meals 369 Economic Value of the Sunflower 286 Col. James Bowie.... 343 Talking at Table Do n't Want It 89 27 Fungi 350 Death in the "Spare Bed " 185 Two New Facts for Vegetarians 56 Guano 350 Doing Wonders 217 Tea and Coffee.... 92, 110, 155, 188 Gilding 851 The Date 125 How Water Is Injured by Or- Dress Reform in Finland 279 The Emperor Julian a Health Dear REFORMER 312 ganic Matter ... 191 Experience vs. Butter 89 Reformer 126 Little Giants 350 Trichina; 187 New Theory of Volcanoes 286 Facts Test Theories 150 The Alcoholic Strength of Vari- Good, if Lived Out 185 Our Daily Supply of Heat 378, ous Bitters 220 Poison of Tobacco 255 Graham Better than Iron 375 To Cook Rice Hygiene Will not Do for Us 153 252 Photographs by Lightning 379 The Best Way of Roasting Rabies Mephitica 191 Hygiene Unpopular 216 Chestnuts 252 How Farmers Live .... 217 Singular Discovery 378 The Banana 285 Subterranean Fishes 378 Hair Dye 246 To Keep Sweet Potatoes 816 How Fashions Originate 312 The Prevailing Hour of Death 223 Trichinatous Pork 367 The Effect of Emotion 223 Is Health Reforni Impracticable 119 Unwholesome Food Improper Diet for Man " 151 219 Toughened Glass 265 Vegetable Food 285 Vegetation as a Disinfectant 223 Importance of Hygiene 342 What May We Eat 25 " I Eat Graham " 375 What Parisians Eat 57 Medical Science 184 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. Medical Twaddle 280 SEASONABLE HINTS. Not so far Wrong 89 29, 62, 90, 122, 153, 186, 218, 248, Overfed Ministers 215 280, 318, 344, 376. One Hundred Dollars Saved 215 A Hint for Boys 28 Air for Infants 61 Poisonous Candy 375 LITERARY NOTICES. Swedish Movement Cure 184 A Cheap Fumigator 222 A Lotion for Fetid Feet 222 Scarlet Fever. 246 A Message to the Women of Salt 247 Banking Houses for Winter 818 Color of Clothing 28 the Land 95 Sponge Baths 313 Baldness : Its Cause and Cure 287 Salt Items 342 Cheap Bedding 61 Condiments for Cattle 127 Bradford Mills 819 Scowlng 343 Care of the Sick 851 Too Big a Pill 217 Cleansing Rooms 318 Diseases of Artisans 253 Fungi : Their Nature and Uses 381 The HEALTH REFORMER .... 246 Golden Hygienic Rules for the Testimonies for Reform 311 Detection of Adulterated Oils 849 ElasticVarnish for Ladies'Shoes 254 Cure of Nervous Debility 381 U p-Hill Work 312 Health 381 Vegetarian Problems 375 Extinguishing Lamps 849 Flavoring Extracts 28 Longevity 351 What Children Can Do 90 Malt Liquors 95 Who Knows 9 150 Glue 222 Get Ready for Winter 348 Mysteries of the Head and Heart 381 Hair Dyes 61 Nature's Secrets 287 DIETETICS. Hints to Housekeepers 159 Our Wasted Resources 319 How to Avoid Contagion 254 Prohibition Does Prohibit 319 Adulteration of Sirups and How to Remove Rust from Pre-Historic Races of the Unit- Sugars 187 Clothing 287 ed States of America 319 A New Delicacy for Gourmands 190 How to Keep Lemons 349 Preventive Medicine 351 Action of Salt on Trees 252 Indian Treatment of Quacks 264 Report of the Hygiene of the Animal Food 284 Insect Destroyers 348 United States Army 223 An Ancient Vegetarian 369 Look out for Nuisances 222 Report on Trichinosis 851 Beets—Onions 158 Marking Tools 849 Shall We Use Wine and Beer 95 Common Salt 26, 58 Putting Things to Rights 253 Second Annual Report of the Candy Poisoning 220 Poison 318 Mich. State Board of Health 191 Crazy for Meat 316 Poisoned by Hats and Stockings 848 The Sanitary Journal. 63 Christmas Dinners 366 Preventive of Injury from Frosts 349 The Duty of theChristianChurch 95 Condiments 367 Recovery from Lightning Stroke 349 The Woman's Crusade 95 Dirty Food 58 Sanitarium 95 The Great Conversers 127 Do Fish Eat Salt 9 315 Sanitarium for April 127 The Brook and the Tide Turning 191 Effect of Diet 126 Suffocation of Babies 127 The World on Wheels 319 Eating Horses 220 Sanitarium for August 253 The Cottage Hearth 319 Effects of Paris Green upon Scouring Silver 287 The Sanitarian 319 Vegetables 221 Sanitary Rules 817 The Life and Labors of David Eating and Sleeping 283 Tobacco Poisoning 127 Livingstone, LL. D. 381 Fruit as Food 346 To Preserve Fence Posts 222 Grasshopper Soup 284 The Danger of Sedatives 287 ITEMS FOR THE MONTH. Humbug Food 25 To Kill Moths 287 How Flavors and Jellies Are To Test Water 318 32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192, 224, Made 56 To Remove Paint Stains.. , 318 256, 288, 320, 852, 882.