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The Nature of Hellenistic Domestic Sculpture in Its Cultural and Spatial Contexts
THE NATURE OF HELLENISTIC DOMESTIC SCULPTURE IN ITS CULTURAL AND SPATIAL CONTEXTS DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Craig I. Hardiman, B.Comm., B.A., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2005 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Dr. Mark D. Fullerton, Advisor Dr. Timothy J. McNiven _______________________________ Advisor Dr. Stephen V. Tracy Graduate Program in the History of Art Copyright by Craig I. Hardiman 2005 ABSTRACT This dissertation marks the first synthetic and contextual analysis of domestic sculpture for the whole of the Hellenistic period (323 BCE – 31 BCE). Prior to this study, Hellenistic domestic sculpture had been examined from a broadly literary perspective or had been the focus of smaller regional or site-specific studies. Rather than taking any one approach, this dissertation examines both the literary testimonia and the material record in order to develop as full a picture as possible for the location, function and meaning(s) of these pieces. The study begins with a reconsideration of the literary evidence. The testimonia deal chiefly with the residences of the Hellenistic kings and their conspicuous displays of wealth in the most public rooms in the home, namely courtyards and dining rooms. Following this, the material evidence from the Greek mainland and Asia Minor is considered. The general evidence supports the literary testimonia’s location for these sculptures. In addition, several individual examples offer insights into the sophistication of domestic decorative programs among the Greeks, something usually associated with the Romans. -
T2-H-5271-Pompeii-Photo-Information-Powerpoint Ver 1.Pdf
This colonnade forms part of the forum. The forum was a public square which would have been used for meetings, criminal trials, public speeches, and markets. Colonnade Many streets remain in Pompeii. Here you can see cobbled streets with pavements on each side. In the distance is Mount Vesuvius – the volcano that destroyed Pompeii. Street In ancient Pompeii, there were many types of entertainment. One popular pastime was the theatre where people went to watch plays. This theatre had space for 1,000 spectators. Odeon – small theatre The Romans worshipped many gods. This temple is dedicated to Apollo, the god of music, and was built on a high platform to make it look more impressive. Temple of Apollo The House of the Vettii was one of the most impressive and richly decorated houses in Pompeii. It was named after the owners, Aulus Vettius Conviva and Aulus Vettius Restitutus. House of the Vettii The Romans use mosaics to decorate wealthy houses and public buildings. Each mosaic used thousands of tesserae (small pieces of tile or stone) to create a picture or pattern. Mosaic Another popular way of decorating rooms was with wall paintings (frescoes). This one, in the Casa del Menandro (House of Menander) shows a hunting party. Can you see the dogs and the man with a bow and arrow? Paintings in Casa del Menandro Myths and legends were a common source of inspiration for Roman artists. This painting depicts Narcissus who was so beautiful that he fell in love with his own reflection. Painting of Narcissus Archaeologists at Pompeii have found so many artefacts, it is not possible to have them all on display at once. -
Sounds from Under the Ashes: the Music of Cults and Mysteries in the Ancient Vesuvian Land
Roberto Melini Sounds from under the Ashes: The Music of Cults and Mysteries in the Ancient Vesuvian Land Haec iuga quam Nysae colles plus Bacchus amauit;hoc nuper Satyri monte dedere choros. (Mart. Ep. 4.44.4–5) The Roman people living in the land dominated by the threatening Mount Vesu- vius (Fig. 1) still regarded the Greek heritage as their own. It was in fact on the island of Pithekoussai (now Ischia, near Naples) that the first Greeks landed in the beginning of the eighth century bce. They had sailed across the Mediterra- nean Sea in quest for new lands to settle, bringing with them a cultural heri- tage that included a pantheon and music. The sonorous horizon of the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, and the villas of Stabiae and Oplontis, built some centuries later, are the offsprings of a melting pot in which the Greek tradition was deeply intertwined with the themes and the customs of the Italic and Etrus- can communities. In the year 79 ce the volcano erupted, sealing the Vesuvian area along with its rich culture under layers of ash and lava. Fig. 1: The Vesuvius from the forum of Pompeii. Excavations in Herculaneum began in 1738, and a decade later, in Pompeii; Spanish, Austrian, German, French and Italian archaeologists have been taking turns excavating the two sites in an ongoing international engagement. At first, the findings were kept in the Reggia of Portici (a royal palace near Herculaneum), but finally, fearing another eruption, they were transferred to the new Naples Brought to you by | The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Authenticated Download Date | 12/26/19 1:34 PM Sounds from under the Ashes 341 National Archaeological Museum.1 Among these unearthed treasures — astonish- ingly preserved for centuries by the lava’s seal — there is much valuable evidence concerning sounds and music. -
The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii: Interim Report
THE INSULA OF THE MENANDER AT POMPEII: INTERIM REPORT By ROGER LING, F.S.A. INTRODUCTION THE British project in the Insula of the Menander at Pompeii was instituted in 1978 by the late Dr. J. B. Ward-Perkins in consultation with the then Superintendent of Antiquities for Campania, Professor Fausto Zevi. Funding has until now been provided by a generous grant from Imperial Tobacco Ltd., a proportion of the profits of the exhibition 'Pompeii 79' held at the Royal Academy of Arts, London, in 1976-7. To these mentors and sponsors the author is deeply indebted—to Imperial Tobacco for their enlightened patronage of archaeological research, to Professor Zevi for first suggesting a programme of recording and analysis in the Insula of the Menander, and above all to Dr. Ward-Perkins for taking up the suggestion and largely shaping the present project. This project is in a very real sense his brainchild, and it is as a tribute to his memory that we intend to continue with it and bring it to completion in the manner that he would have wished. Special thanks must also be given to Dr. Stefano De Caro, the Director of the site at Pompeii, who has been unfailingly courteous and helpful over the past five years, and to his henchmen, Dr. Federico, the assistant director, Sig. Pelli, the technical director, Sig. Cirillo, his assistant, and Sig. Sicignano, the head foreman, for their invaluable practical assistance. Finally, mention must be made of the chief members of the team. After a brief exploratory season in September 1978, full programmes of work have been conducted in August-September 1979, 1980, 1981 and 1982. -
Pompeii and Herculaneum: a Sourcebook Allows Readers to Form a Richer and More Diverse Picture of Urban Life on the Bay of Naples
POMPEII AND HERCULANEUM The original edition of Pompeii: A Sourcebook was a crucial resource for students of the site. Now updated to include material from Herculaneum, the neighbouring town also buried in the eruption of Vesuvius, Pompeii and Herculaneum: A Sourcebook allows readers to form a richer and more diverse picture of urban life on the Bay of Naples. Focusing upon inscriptions and ancient texts, it translates and sets into context a representative sample of the huge range of source material uncovered in these towns. From the labels on wine jars to scribbled insults, and from advertisements for gladiatorial contests to love poetry, the individual chapters explore the early history of Pompeii and Herculaneum, their destruction, leisure pursuits, politics, commerce, religion, the family and society. Information about Pompeii and Herculaneum from authors based in Rome is included, but the great majority of sources come from the cities themselves, written by their ordinary inhabitants – men and women, citizens and slaves. Incorporating the latest research and finds from the two cities and enhanced with more photographs, maps and plans, Pompeii and Herculaneum: A Sourcebook offers an invaluable resource for anyone studying or visiting the sites. Alison E. Cooley is Reader in Classics and Ancient History at the University of Warwick. Her recent publications include Pompeii. An Archaeological Site History (2003), a translation, edition and commentary of the Res Gestae Divi Augusti (2009), and The Cambridge Manual of Latin Epigraphy (2012). M.G.L. Cooley teaches Classics and is Head of Scholars at Warwick School. He is Chairman and General Editor of the LACTOR sourcebooks, and has edited three volumes in the series: The Age of Augustus (2003), Cicero’s Consulship Campaign (2009) and Tiberius to Nero (2011). -
11 Amazing Day Trips You Can Take from Naples
22 JANUARY 2018 NEEN 3535 11 AMAZING DAY TRIPS YOU CAN TAKE FROM NAPLES One of the greatest benefits of visiting Naples is its close access to many nearby beaches, cathedrals, museums, and UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Italy’s central coastline offers stunning natural scenery which continues to draw millions of tourists from around the world who come to eat, drink, and be merry under the silhouette of Naples historic past. Whether you’ve come to Naples to taste the region’s famous pizza, explore the elongated coastline, enjoy a cultural performance, or learn more about Italy’s rich heritage—there’s never a dull moment in your adventure with Ciao Florence. Embrace the spirit of “dolce vita” or the “sweet life” as our expert guides take you on a perfectly curated journey around the region of Campania. Florence based Tour Operator offers 11 different day trips from Naples to choose from, allowing you to tailor your Italian experience to satisfy your wanderlust. Indulge in the beautiful tranquility of the Italian countryside as we travel by bus, train, and even boat to cities like Pompeii, Capri, Sorrento, and the Amalfi Coast. Along the way you will be given lots of time to explore these cities for a more intimate connection to this historic Italian landscape. Whichever route you choose, feel confident that you are getting the most out of your Italian experience when you travel with Ciao Florence. From Naples to Pompeii Visit the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Pompeii which was made infamous in the volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 A.D. -
Roman Domestic Religion : a Study of the Roman Lararia
ROMAN DOMESTIC RELIGION : A STUDY OF THE ROMAN LARARIA by David Gerald Orr Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland in partial fulfillment of the requirements fo r the degree of Master of Arts 1969 .':J • APPROVAL SHEET Title of Thesis: Roman Domestic Religion: A Study of the Roman Lararia Name of Candidate: David Gerald Orr Master of Arts, 1969 Thesis and Abstract Approved: UJ~ ~ J~· Wilhelmina F. {Ashemski Professor History Department Date Approved: '-»( 7 ~ 'ii, Ii (, J ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: Roman Domestic Religion: A Study of the Roman Lararia David Gerald Orr, Master of Arts, 1969 Thesis directed by: Wilhelmina F. Jashemski, Professor This study summarizes the existing information on the Roman domestic cult and illustrates it by a study of the arch eological evidence. The household shrines (lararia) of Pompeii are discussed in detail. Lararia from other parts of the Roman world are also studied. The domestic worship of the Lares, Vesta, and the Penates, is discussed and their evolution is described. The Lares, protective spirits of the household, were originally rural deities. However, the word Lares was used in many dif ferent connotations apart from domestic religion. Vesta was closely associated with the family hearth and was an ancient agrarian deity. The Penates, whose origins are largely un known, were probably the guardian spirits of the household storeroom. All of the above elements of Roman domestic worship are present in the lararia of Pompeii. The Genius was the living force of a man and was an important element in domestic religion. -
The Roman House
THE ROMAN HOUSE 1. FAUCES, the main entrance, consisting of a passageway between the front door and the ATRIUM, sometimes with a vestibule. 2. ATRIUM, the social and religious center of the house. It is the first open space that confronts the visitor entering from the street, and was often colonnaded and decorated to impress upon the visitor the importance of the family that owns the house. 3. IMPLUVIUM, located in the Atrium directly beneath the COMPLUVIUM (open skylight) in the ceiling, collects rainwater. 4. ALAE, recesses often used for the display of imagines or ancestor portraits. 5. TABLINUM, or reception room, where the leader of the household (almost always the pater familias , or father of the family) conducts business and meets clients. It is the axis of the house, in the sense that the rooms that preceded it were public or semi-public, and the rooms behind it (below) were for more private use. 6. PERISTYLE, often with a small reflecting pool or garden 7. PRIVATE / SERVANT ENTRANCE 8. CUBICULUM, a bedroom. In fact, the function of the rooms in the private area of the house vary greatly from house to house, or even season to season, so most of these rooms could also be used as a cubiculum. 9. TRICLINIUM, the dining room. Again, the location varies, and any of numerous rooms could have been used for dining, with seasonal considerations in mind. But the hallmark of a dining room in Roman (and in Greek) architecture is the off-center door. Central doors do not allow for an optimal spacing of dining couches. -
Marble, Memory, and Meaning in the Four Pompeian Styles of Wall Painting
MARBLE, MEMORY, AND MEANING IN THE FOUR POMPEIAN STYLES OF WALL PAINTING by Lynley J. McAlpine A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Classical Art and Archaeology) in the University of Michigan 2014 Doctoral Committee: Professor Elaine K. Gazda, Chair Professor Lisa Nevett Professor David Potter Professor Nicola Terrenato Emeritus Professor Norman Yoffee The difference between false memories and true ones is the same as for jewels: it is always the false ones that look the most real, the most brilliant. Salvador Dalí, The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí © Lynley McAlpine All Rights Reserved 2013 Acknowledgements This project would have been impossible without the guidance of my advisor and dissertation chair, Elaine Gazda, who has provided unflagging support for all aspects of my work. I am grateful to have been able to work under the supervision of someone who I consider a model for the kind of scholar I hope to become: one who has a keen critical eye and who values collaboration and innovation. I have also benefited greatly from the sensible advice of Lisa Nevett, who has always helped me to recognize the possibilities and limitations of my approaches and evidence. David Potter’s perspective has been indispensable in determining how literary and historical sources could be employed responsibly in a study that focuses mainly on material culture. Nicola Terrenato has encouraged me to develop a critical and rigorous approach, and his scholarship has been an important model for my own. Finally, Norman Yoffee has been a continual source of advice and guidance, while opening my eyes to the ways my research can reach across disciplinary boundaries. -
Ancient Rome & the Renaissance
Introducing Choose your travel companions | Select your dates Private Departures: Opt for 3-, 4-, or 5-star accommodations Ancient Rome & the Renaissance: Art, Architecture & Cuisine Five nights in Rome | Two nights in Naples | Three nights in Amalfi © L-BBE © Derbrauni Archaeology-focused tours for the curious to the connoisseur. Dear Traveler, Schedule your own, private AIA Tour that fits your travel dates and your budget. Travel with expert local guides who also handle all of the logistics, so you can relax and immerse yourself in learning and experiencing ancient and Renaissance art and architecture, including numerous UNESCO World Heritage sites. Enjoy delicious food and wine, and hand-picked 3-, 4-, or 5-star hotels, all perfectly located for exploring on your own during free time: five nights in central Rome, two nights in Naples (where 4- and 5-star hotels overlook the Bay of Naples), and three nights in Amalfi overlooking the Tyrrhenian Sea. © WolfgangRieger Your wonderful, expert-guided excursions are many and include: Above: Mosaic at Naples Archaeological Museum. Below: A courtyard at Rome's • The Roman Forum, with a private visit to the Temple of Antoninus and Faustina; Capitoline Museums. • Special entry to the Colosseum's upper levels and underground tunnels; • Stunning paintings and mosaics at the Palatine Hill and House of Augustus; • The Capitoline Museums, with their magnificent Classical and Renaissance art; • Outstanding Renaissance sculptures and paintings at the Borghese Gallery; • Breakfast within the Vatican Museums -
The Casa Della Regina Carolina (CRC) Project, Pompeii: Preliminary Report on 2018 and 2019 Field Seasons
The Journal of Fasti Online (ISSN 1828-3179) ● Published by the Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica ● Palazzo Altemps, Via Sant’Appolinare 8 – 00186 Roma ● Tel. / Fax: ++39.06.67.98.798 ● http://www.aiac.org; http://www.fastionline.org The Casa della Regina Carolina (CRC) Project, Pompeii: Preliminary Report on 2018 and 2019 Field Seasons Caitlín Barrett - Kathryn Gleason - Annalisa Marzano - with additional contributions on palynology by Dafna Langgut Questo articolo presenta i risultati delle prime due campagne di scavo (2018-2019) condotte nel giardino della “Casa della Regina Carolina’ a Pompei (VIII.3.14) nell’ambito di un progetto scientifico multidisciplinare che investiga la relazione tra cultura materiale, ruoli sociali e cambiamenti storici. La domus oggetto di studio fu scavata nel XIX secolo, ma il giardino, tra i più ampi giardini domestici di Pompei, non fu investigato e questo ha consentito di effettuare vari saggi stratigrafici mi- rati, da un lato, ad individuare la superficie coltivata in antico e dall’altro a chiarire come lo spazio fosse utilizzato e vissuto da parte dei vari ‘utenti’ dal diverso ceto sociale (ad es. il padrone di casa, lo schiavo-giardiniere, etc.). Lo scavo ha restitui- to non solo dati interessanti sulla natura del giardino distrutto nel 79 d.C., ma ha anche rivelato i resti monumentali di una domus a peristilio di età sannitica. Il diverso orientamento di questa domus che, date le dimensioni e vicinanza al foro pro- babilmente apparteneva ad un membro di spicco della Pompei repubblicana, indica che l’intera insula subì un drastico ri- maneggiamento. I dati attualmente a nostra disposizione suggeriscono che tale rimaneggiamento risalga al periodo suc- cessivo al terremoto del 62 d.C. -
The Archaeology of Household Activities
Chapter Five Labels for ladles: Interpreting the material culture of Roman households Penelope M.Allison INTRODUCTION On a general level, Roman domestic behaviour is perceived to be a relatively well understood phenomenon. It is widely believed that problems which face investigations of household behaviour in other archaeologies are easily solved for the Roman world (e.g. Ascher 1961: 324 n.21; McKay 1977:6; Schiffer 1987:237). To some extent this is true. Textual references abound and the extraordinary site formation processes at Pompeii and Herculaneum provide an archaeological record of domestic material which inspired generations of scholars to concern themselves with Roman social life. In fact, in times when other branches of archaeology had been restricted—by the nature of their data, the state of their methodology and the impetus of their theories—from concerning themselves with such mundane and specific levels of inquiry as household behaviour, the nature and extent of the material remains of the Roman world were leading scholars to confront questions concerning the domestic lives of individuals in the past. However, I would like to demonstrate that this wealth of data and this long history of research has resulted in current perspectives of Roman domestic life which are still entrenched in antiquarian approaches to material culture, and which, to a large extent, have tended to ignore changing approaches to the archaeological record (see Hijmans 1996). While other disciplines (e.g. social history and anthropology) and other branches of archaeology have been re-evaluating the principles behind their own perceptions on past domestic life, these antiquarian approaches to Roman domestic life have continued to be embellished unquestioningly.