International Journal of Engineering Research in Current Trends (IJERCT) ISSN: 2582-5488, Volume-3 Issue-2, April 2021 Modeling and Forecasting Passenger Demand for a New Domestic Airport with Limited Data Amit Kumar Prof. Abhisek Bhandari Department of Mechanical Engineering, NRI Institute of Department of Mechanical Engineering, NRI Institute of Research & Technology, Bhopal, India. Research & Technology, Bhopal, India. Abstract : Forecasting of air travel demand using demand models air travel and national GDP and population information, and enables better planning for infrastructure development for air calibrate it for a specific origin-destination set making use of transportation. Modeling for air travel demand is the process of small questionnaire surveys. We believe our simplified but relating a vector of socioeconomic variables and a vector of novel approach of combining nationwide econometric transport system variables to the demand for air travel. In estimations and location specific calibration can be useful to microanalysis of air travel demand, when models are stratified by origin and destination, the resulting models are called city‐pair researchers and practitioners alike when extensive location models. In this study, a city‐pair model for the demand for or individual specific information is not available.This paper domestic air travel has been developed based on the air travel in is structured as follows. Section 2 gives an overview of the large city in India. The model was calibrated with aggregate air transportation system in India and the context of the cross‐sectional data using multiple linear regression analysis. proposed airport. Section 3 briefly reviews travel demand The model has been validated by two different procedures: the forecasting models for air travel with emphasis of gravity cross‐validation technique and a backward prediction method to models. Section 4 describes our own demand model for air know the statistical and logical validity of the model for use in travel in Indian like country. Section 5 presents the travel demand forecasting. As an illustration of the usefulness of calibration of the demand model for forecasting travel the model in travel demand forecasting, the model was used to predict future demand for air travel.Adequate information on demand for a specific new airport. Section 6 presents the travel behavior of people is often unavailable in developing scenarios for demand forecasts and the forecast results. countries, making demand modeling for a new airport difficult. Section 7 concludes. This paper presents a simple modeling approach which uses limited aggregate information about a country to generate a 2. AIR TRAVEL IN INDIA forecast for passenger patronage in a new airport. The model utilizes aggregate time series information on national level and Current status of air travel- patronage at other airports to develop a gravity type demand India is large country. 486 total airports, airstrips, flying model for the country. This modeling approach is applied to schools and military bases available in India. Indira Gandhi forecast the demand of a new airport. International Airport is the largest and busiest air port India. Aviation in India, broadly divided into military and civil Keywords aviation, is the fastest-growing aviation market in the world Air travel demand, passenger demand forecast, airport, panel according to the International air transport association econometrics (IATA). The hub of the nation's aviation manufacturing industry is at Bangalore which has a 65% share of this 1. INTRODUCTION economic sector.1 The government's UDAN (regional Feasibility analysis is an important part of any transport connectivity scheme) is driving the growth of civil aviation infrastructure project and a standard practice in almost all and aviation infrastructure in India. India had the world's countries in the world. In order to carry out such feasibility third-largest civil aviation market in 2017, with the number studies, it is important to understand the benefits (and costs) of passengers growing at an average annual rate of 16.3% arising from the proposed projects. In a typical new airport between 2000 and 2015. It recorded an air traffic of 131 project (and most transportation infrastructure projects), the million passengers in 2016. Despite this growth, much of the major benefits are generally the savings in the generalized country's aviation potential remains untapped. IndiGo, Air travel costs to the users as a result of the project. And in India, SpiceJet and GoAir are the major carriers in order of order to understand the total savings it is important to their market share. These airlines connect more than 80 determine the number of users, i.e. the demand, of the cities across India, and are joined by several foreign airlines proposed airport project over its life time. In addition to in providing international routes. benefits modeling for new airports, passenger demand The Ministry of Civil Aviationis responsible for civilian forecasts are also important for existing airport authorities in aviation, through regulatory oversight by the Dirctorate order to better plan the expansion or contraction of the General of Civil Aviation (DGCA). National Civil Aviation facilities, Economic or for airlines to make decisions about Policy 2016 sets broad goals for safety and operations. The new flights or altar existing flight patterns. In developing UDAN (regional connectivity scheme) is a plan to develop a countries such information is often unavailable. Even sustainable air network in over 400 tier-2 cities across India, crossSectional or time series aggregate data on cities or with an estimated expenditure of ₹500 million (US$7.0 regions, representing the origins and destinations of travel, million) per airstrip. may not be available. This paper presents an approach where passenger demand for a proposed domestic airport in India is modeled using national aggregate data. In particular, we develop an econometric demand model relating regional 12 Modeling and Forecasting Passenger Demand for a New Domestic Airport with Limited Data Infrastructure this brings in tourists from countries like Thailand, China, The primary civilian aviation hub is Indira Gandhi Malaysia, Thailand, Japan and Singapore as well. International Airport in the National Capital Region of The existing 2100-meter airstrip at Kasia was chosen for the Delhi.Since 2009, it has been the busiest airport in India in project and it was decided to extend the tarmac to 3200 terms of passenger traffic and international traffic, and the meters as per international standards. In the feasibility second-busiest in terms of cargo traffic (after surveys conducted in 2010 and 2013, it was found that the Mumbai).Since 2010, it has had the capacity to handle more site would be less than 2 km from the East-West corridor than 40 million passengers per year, with a planned (NH-28) connecting Porbandar in Gujarat to Silchar in expansion for 100 million passengers by 2030. Assam. It also noted the cargo potential given the fact that UDAN is assessing 486 existing airports for potential Nepal was a land locked country. development. Phase I of UDAN helped to raise the number Despite all this, the Public Private Partnership model failed of operational civil aviation airports to 131, a 34% increase to attract investment because companies were not sure about over 20 months. In addition, the Airport authority of India its feasibility. Several attempts were made to revive the (AAI) granted in-principal approval to 19 new airports in bidding process and even the project size was reduced, but December 2017. In September 2018, the Civil Aviation to no avail. Minister said that as many as 100 new airports would be Meanwhile, the farmers started demanding higher built in the next 10 to 15 years to meet the growing domestic compensation for the land acquired as they saw similar demand. demands in western Uttar Pradesh were being met. Amidst In 2015, there were 22 airlines operating in India, which add protests, the BSP government was finally able to acquire a total of about 50 airliners to their fleets each year. To about 550 acre of land for the project in 2011-2012. support these fleets, several aviation-industrial parks are Despite the entire land parcel being available, the being set up, such as in Hisar, Gujrat, and Chennai. Samajwadi Party took time to reconsider the project. With the 2013 bidding process too not finding must takes, the 3. THE PROPOSED AIRPORT Akhilesh Yadav-led UP government approached the Centre for viability gap funding — aimed at making a project The Uttar Pradesh government is eyeing a record of sorts by feasible for private players. The Centre gave in principal developing two new international airports and upgrading a approval for 20 per cent viability gap funding, with land on bunch of World War II vintage airstrips into functional lease and other concessions being offered to the private airports in different parts of the state. Sixteen such airstrips, players. Then government claimed it was the first airport now used for elections campaigns and as flying clubs, are on project in the country to get this approved. the radar of the state and central governments for But with private players still not playing ball, the state development now, especially since the elections are just a approached Airports Authority of India in 2015. In March couple of years away. 2019, a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between AAI and UP government for “taking over the development 4. KUSHINAGAR INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT and operationalisation of existing Kushinagar Airport Though over a decade old, the Kushinagar International belonging to State Government of Uttar Pradesh”. In its Airport has now become the pet project of not just the Uttar official communiqué, AAI said this included the 589 acres Pradesh Government but also the Centre with Chief Minister along with the existing infrastructure like runway and apron. Yogi Adityanath and Union Civil Aviation Minister It also called for bids to operate flights to Lucknow and Hardeep Puri personally reviewing the project and Gaya from Kushinagar under the UDAN-3 scheme.