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A Stakeholder Analysis of the Soviet Second Economy by CHOI, Jae
A Stakeholder Analysis of the Soviet Second Economy By CHOI, Jae-hyoung THESIS Submitted to KDI School of Public Policy and Management in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF PUBLIC POLICY 2015 A Stakeholder Analysis of the Soviet Second Economy By CHOI, Jae-hyoung THESIS Submitted to KDI School of Public Policy and Management in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF PUBLIC POLICY 2015 Professor Chang-Yong Choi A Stakeholder Analysis of the Soviet Second Economy By CHOI, Jae-hyoung THESIS Submitted to KDI School of Public Policy and Management in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF PUBLIC POLICY Committee in charge: Professor Chang Yong CHOI, Supervisor Professor Jung Ho YOO Professor June Soo LEE Approval as of April, 2015 Abstract This research aims to demonstrate, through a stakeholder analysis, that the institutionalization of the second economy in the Soviet Union was a natural byproduct of the interaction among three major stakeholders of Soviet society: the state, the bureaucracy, and the people. The three stakeholders responded to the incentive structure of the socialist economic system, interacting with each other in order to enhance their own interests. This research argues that their interaction was the internal necessity or dynamics that formed this informal market mechanism and elevated it to a characteristic feature of Soviet society. i Table of Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... -
Is It Power Or Princiiple? a Footnote on the Talbott Doctrine
Is It Power or Princiiple? A Footnote on the Talbott Doctrine FREDO ARIAS-KING As long as there are reformers in the Russian Federation and the other states lead- ing the journey toward democracy's horizon, our strategy must be to support them. And our place must be at their side. -President Bill Clinton, May 1993 M uch has been written about the Clinton administration's excesisive focus on Boris Yeltsin at the expense of other democratic figures in Russia.) That policy has been attributed to Deputy Secretary of State Strobe Talbott, the brainy former journalist who, under a succession of different titles, is the government official de facto in charge of Clinton's policy toward Russia and the other post- Soviet countries.2 Although the practice of putting Yeltsin and his interests first seems to have created generous and debatably warranted U.S. support for former prime minis- ter Viktor Chernomyrdin and his successors, there is doubt that this policy was also extended to the other democratic forces that ceased to dominate Russian pol- itice in late 1993. Yeltsin tacitly supported Russia's Choice as the preferred party to win the December 1993 elections for the Duma and carry out the reform agen- da that the late Supreme Soviet had stalled. However, the failure of Russia's Choice and other reform-oriented parties in that election forced Yeltsin to change his strategy, once again relying on Chernomyrdin, his emerging "Party of Power," the industrial-military complex, the armed forces, and the KGB--to ithe detriment of the legislature and Russian democracy.33 The leaders of the Democratic Russia Movement, the coalition that pressed Mikhail Gorbachev to annul the communist monopoly on power in February 1990, that launched Yeltsin into the Russian presidency in June 1991, and that then gave birth to the Russia's Choice party, believe that Strobe Talbott did not support them in that crucial hour of need in late 1993. -
14 Activating the 'Human Factor': Do the Roots of Neoliberal
FORUM FOR ANTHROPOLOGY AND CULTURE, 2018, NO 14 ACTIVATING THE ‘HUMAN FACTOR’: DO THE ROOTS From Fieldwork WrittenFrom to Text OF NEOLIBERAL SUBJECTIVITY LIE IN THE ‘STAGNATION’? Forum Sergei Alymov № 14 2018 From Fieldwork to Written Text Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences for Anthropology and Culture and Culture Anthropology for Forum 32a Leninskiy Av., Moscow, Russia Expeditions Reviews Forum Articles Personalia [email protected] 2018 №14 A b s t r a c t: This article examines the ideas of Soviet philosophers and economists of the 1970s and 80s about personality / Soviet man. The author analyses the views of official philosophers of the conservative and liberal camps on the nature of developed socialism. The reformers (A. P. Butenko, A. S. Tsipko) stressed the growth of the significance of the individual in a modern society and economy, connecting the ‘humanisation’ of society with a growth in consumption and the development of the personality. The orthodox (R. I. Kosolapov) cited the definition of labour as the native essence of man given by Marx. In creating the model of Soviet man, they orientated themselves on the image of the industrial worker (G. L. Smirnov). In their opinion his activity was founded on the coincidence of the interests of the personality and society. This concept was attacked by the criticism that it took no account of ‘human nature’. The reformers pointed to the ‘selfish interests of the person’ and activity connected with them as a biological given. The ‘tough’ peasant often figured as a symbol of this. ‘Activating the human factor’ became a topical point on the reformers’ agenda. -
Putin's Popularity
The Popularity of Russian Presidents Why did Boris Yeltsin’s approval rating fall drastically, whereas Vladimir Putin’s surged during his first months and remained at unprecedented heights throughout his presidency? Analyzing time series of presidential approval since 1993, I find that the popularity of each closely followed perceptions of economic performance, which, in turn, reflected objective economic indicators. Perceptions of the political situation contributed, but these were caused in part by economic perceptions. Most other factors invoked by commentators had only marginal, temporary effects. Simulations suggest the sudden improvement in the Russian economy in 1999 would have carried Putin—or another Kremlin candidate—to victory in the 2000 election without any war in Chechnya or terrorist bombings. Had Yeltsin presided over Putin’s economy, simulations suggest he would have been similarly popular. Had Putin been president in the 1990s, his rating would have sunk even lower than Yeltsin’s. Daniel Treisman Department of Political Science University of California, Los Angeles 4289 Bunche Hall Los Angeles California 90095 [email protected] 12 May 2008 Preliminary draft, comments welcome. I thank Tim Frye, Scott Gehlbach, Arnold Harberger, Brian Richter, Richard Rose, and Jeff Timmons for comments. 1 Introduction Since his appointment as prime minister in August 1999, Vladimir Putin has become by far the most popular politician in Russia’s recent history. During his first three months, the share of respondents saying that on the whole they approved of Putin’s performance jumped from 31 to 78 percent. This astronomical rating followed him when, in January 2000, he became acting president. -
The Evolving Relationship Between Youth and the State in Putin's Russia
University of Mississippi eGrove Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors Theses Honors College) Spring 5-2-2021 From Ideological Resource to Financial Asset: The Evolving Relationship Between Youth and the State in Putin's Russia Eleanor Schmid University of Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis Part of the International Relations Commons, Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons, and the Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies Commons Recommended Citation Schmid, Eleanor, "From Ideological Resource to Financial Asset: The Evolving Relationship Between Youth and the State in Putin's Russia" (2021). Honors Theses. 1929. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/1929 This Undergraduate Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College) at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FROM IDEOLOGICAL RESOURCE TO FINANCIAL ASSET: THE EVOLVING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUTH AND THE STATE IN PUTIN’S RUSSIA ã 2021 By Eleanor J. Schmid A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for completion Of the Bachelor of Arts degree in International Studies Croft Institute for International Studies Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College The University of Mississippi University, Mississippi May 2021 Approved: ____________________________ Advisor: Dr. Joshua First ____________________________ Reader: Dr. Ana Velitchkova ____________________________ Reader: Prof. Ashleen Williams i ã 2021 Eleanor J. Schmid ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT This thesis identifies four periods of Russian youth policy, and discusses how President Vladimir Putin's approach to youth and youth issues is markedly different than that of previous heads of state, and that it has evolved even within his tenure. -
11/26 Reading Assignment. Russia As a Case Study of the Impact of Political Culture on Democratization
11/26 Reading Assignment. Russia as a case study of the impact of political culture on democratization. 1. What's the difference between "mental software" and "ideology"? The features of Soviet Man according to Yuri Levada, a sociologist, is relevant. 2. When the Communist regime collapsed in 1991 there was an expectation, both in the West and in Russia, that the country would embrace Western values and join the civilized world. What was not taken into account in that expectation? 3. How did Boris Yeltsin's firing on parliament in 1993 mark a turning point? Turning away from what and towards what? 4. What Yuri Levada's polling shows (see graph)? 5. The two factors that made Putin popular. 6. The elements of Putin's strategy for consolidating his power: a. his response to the oligarchs and the costs of 1990s-era freedom; b. his understanding of the longstanding nexus between property and political power; c. the conistency, yet different means, of monetizing privilege from Soviet era to the present d. his reinforcement of the "fortress mentality." e. Instructive examples/details: Mikhail Khodorkovsky and Yukos oil company. One in six businessmen in Russia. Yegor Gaidar's 1994 warning. "The bureaucracy's main resource is participation in the rent- distribution chain" (rent seeking). Examples of the "fortress mentality" _____________________________________________________ Russia The long life of Homo sovieticus This week’s elections and upheavals in Russia show how hard it is, 20 years after the system collapsed, for the country to put away its Soviet past Dec 10th 2011 | MOSCOW |From the print edition of The Economist TWENTY years to the month since the Soviet Union fell apart, crowds of angry young people have taken to the streets of Moscow, protesting against the ruling United Russia Party (“the party of crooks and thieves”) and chanting “Russia without Putin!” Hundreds have been detained, and the army has been brought into the centre of Moscow “to provide security”. -
Annual Report 2011 Democracy Involves the Right of the People Freely to Determine Their Own Destiny
ANNUAL REPORT 2011 Democracy involves the right of the people freely to determine their own destiny. The exercise of this right requires a system that guarantees freedom of expression, belief and association, free and competitive elections, respect for the inalienable rights of individuals and minorities, free communications media, and the rule of law. — “Statement of Principles and Objectives,” 1984 ANNUAL REPORT 2011 Chairman’s Message | 2 President’s Message | 4 The Year at NED | 7 Fiscal 2011 Programs Africa | 10 Asia | 22 Central and Eastern Europe | 32 Eurasia | 42 Latin America and the Caribbean | 52 Middle East and North Africa | 60 Global | 70 World Movement for Democracy | 72 Center for International Media Assistance | 74 International Forum for Democratic Studies Democracy Rersource Center | 76 Overview | 77 Journal of Democracy | 78 Fellowship Programs | 80 International Forum for Democratic | 83 Studies Research Council 2011 Independent Auditors’ Report | 84 Board of Directors | 93 Officers and Directors | 93 From the Chairman t is difficult to look back on 2011 without concluding that it Ioffered more reasons to be optimistic than fearful. With the exception of 1989, no single year has presented as much vindication of NED’s mission or as much promise for our vision. The pro-democracy revolts of the Arab Spring not only broke the region’s au- thoritarian stronghold, but also generated fresh momentum for democratic change that could be felt as far away as China and Cuba. As the year ended, long repressed but newly engaged forces in Russia and Burma were pressing for democratic reform. Just two weeks into 2011, protests sparked by the self-im- veys show, the ferment was primarily caused by socioeco- molation of Tunisian street vendor Muhammad Bouazazi nomic grievances, by the popular demand for opportunity ousted the authoritarian regime of Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali — the chance to get a job, an education, to walk the streets after 23 years of repressive rule. -
Russia's 'Generation Z': Attitudes and Values
145 RUSSIA’S ‘GENERATION Z’: ATTITUDES AND VALUES 2019/2020 Lev Gudkov, Natalia Zorkaya, Ekaterina Kochergina, Karina Pipiya, Alexandra Ryseva 146 RUSSIA’S ‘GENERATION Z’: ATTITUDES AND VALUES THE FRIEDRICH-EBERT-STIFTUNG The Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) is the oldest political foundation in Germany, with a rich tradition in social democracy dating back to 1925. The work of our political foundation revolves around the core ideas and values of social democracy – freedom, justice and solidarity. This is what binds us to the principles of social democracy and trade unions. With our international network of offices in more than 100 countries, we support a policy for peaceful dialogue and cooperation, social development and democracy. We promote the trade union movement and a strong civil society. YOUTH STUDIES SOUTHEAST AND EASTERN EUROPE 2018/2019 The “FES Youth Studies” is an international youth research project carried out in many countries in East, Southeast Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia. The main objective of the surveys has been to identify, describe and analyse attitudes of young people and patterns of behaviour in contemporary society. The data for this study was collected in May and June 2019 from 1,600 respondents aged 14–29. A broad range of issues were addressed, including young peoples’ experiences and aspirations in different realms of life, such as education, employment, political participation, family relationships, leisure and use of information and communications technology, but also their values, attitudes and beliefs. Findings are presented in both Russian and English language. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 INTRODUCTION 9 METHODOLOGY 11 Description of the quantitative poll 11 Description of the qualitative study 15 OUTLOOK: OPTIMISTIC VS. -
Two Simplified Pictures of Putin's Russia, Both Wrong
Vladimir Shlapentokh is a professor of sociology at Michigan State University. Two Simplified Pictures of Putin’s Russia, Both Wrong Vladimir Shlapentokh As we all know, stereotypical images tend probably the chasm between a Trotskyist universally to dominate mainstream politi- pamphlet circulated in Detroit and the cal discourse. The world recently glimpsed Detroit News. opposing images of America conjured by Russian writers of the pessimistic per- Republicans and Democrats. Both view- suasion assume the universality of democ- points, however, converged in supporting racy and the market economy, and assess the major tenets of American democracy. Russian developments using democratic This is not the case today in President standards. Russian writers in the second, Vladimir Putin’s Russia. “realist” camp see their country from a per- Indeed, analysts who belong to the same spective that may be described as a version Russian mainstream—even close friends and of the Eurasian ideology. This ideology as- colleagues—offer diametrically opposed im- sumes Russia has a unique role in history, ages of their country. One viewpoint is pes- determined by its size, its geographic iden- simistic, as propagated in a few liberal peri- tity spanning Europe and Asia, its ties to odicals such as Novaia Gazeta and Moskovskie the Muslim world, its historical traditions, Novosti and the radio station Ekho Moskvy. and even by its climate, an argument that It can also be found in some less ideological- became popular in Russia after the publica- ly driven newspapers, such as Moskovskii tion in 2000 of the popular Russian author Komsomolets, and even the solidly neutral Dmitry Parshin’s book, Why Russia Is Not Izvestia. -
Civil Society and Informal Associations in the Soviet Union
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 1992 Perestroika from Below: Civil Society and Informal Associations in the Soviet Union Jerry James Sheehan This research is a product of the graduate program in Political Science at Eastern Illinois University. Find out more about the program. Recommended Citation Sheehan, Jerry James, "Perestroika from Below: Civil Society and Informal Associations in the Soviet Union" (1992). Masters Theses. 2219. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2219 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses & Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THESIS REPRODUCTION CERTIFICATE TO: Graduate Degree Candidates who have written formal theses. SUBJECT: Permission to reproduce theses. The University Library is receiving a number of requests from other institutions asking permission to reproduce dissertations for inclusion in their library holdings. Although no copyright laws are involved, we feel that professional courtesy demands that permission be obtained from the 'author before we allow theses to be copied. Please sign one of the following statements: Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University has my permission to lend my thesis to a reputable college or university for the purpose of copying it for inclusion in that institution's library or research holdings. /J. Date I respectfully request Booth Library of Eastern Illinois -
Soviet Russia in Comparative Perspective
IMT Institute for Advanced Studies, Lucca Lucca, Italy Transformations of Political Culture in Post-Totalitarian Societies. Post-World War II West Germany and Post-Soviet Russia in Comparative Perspective PhD Program in Political Systems and Institutional Change XXI Cycle By Jane Lezina 2010 The dissertation of Jane Lezina is approved. Program Coordinator: Prof. Giovanni Orsina, Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali “Guido Carli” LUISS – Roma Supervisor: Prof. Tatiana Vorozheikina, The Higher School of Economics, Moscow Tutor: Assist. Prof. James Melton, IMT Institute for Advanced Studies, Lucca The dissertation of Jane Lezina has been reviewed by: Prof. Lev Gudkov, The Levada Analytical Center, Moscow IMT Institute for Advanced Studies, Lucca 2010 To my family Contents Acknowledgements x Abstract xi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Understanding Democratization in West Germany and Russia: 1 the Basis for Historical Comparison 1.2 Theoretical Framework and the Thesis Structure 9 1.2.1 Analyzing Political Context of Transformations 12 (Institutional Dimension of Democratic Consolidation) 1.2.2 Analyzing Political Culture: Focusing on Political 15 Attitudes and Political Behavior 1.2.3 Analyzing Political Culture: Focusing on Symbolic 24 Structures of National Identity and Collective Memory Formation 1.3. The Case-Studies’ Literature Overview and Remarks on 31 Methodology 2 Political Context of Transformations in post-WWII West Germany 34 and post-Soviet Russia 2.1 Comparative Analysis of Political Transformations post-WWII 37 West Germany -
The Shadow Economy of the USSR
THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARC H TITLE : The Shadow Economy in the USSR 1. A Survey of Soviet Researc h 2. Sizing Up the Shadow Economy : Review and Analysis of Soviet Estimate s AUTHOR: Valeriy M . Rutgaizer Paper #34, Berkeley-Duke Occasional Papers on the Second Economy in the USS R NCSEER NOTE The Berkeley-Duke series on the second economy was originally funded by the National Council under it s Contract #900-03 with Duke University. That Contract has expired and this paper was volunteered to th e Council by the Editors of the series and the WEFA Group, for supplementary distribution. BERKELEY-DUKE OCCASIONAL PAPER S ON THE SECOND ECONOM Y IN THE USS R THE SHADOW ECONOMY IN THE USS R 1. A SURVEY OF SOVIET RESEARC H 2. SIZING UP THE SHADOW ECONOMY : REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF SOVIET ESTIMATE S Valeriy M . Rutgaizer Paper No. 34, February 1992 EDITOR S Gregory Grossman Vladimir G. Treml Department of Economics Department of Economic s University of California Duke Universit y Berkeley, CA 94720 Durham, NC 27706 TECHNICAL EDITOR Kimberly C. Neuhauser Department of Economic s Duke University Durham, NC 27706 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number : 91-7648 5 Individual authors of contributions to the BDOP series retain sole copyright to their material . BERKELEY-DUKE OCCASIONAL PAPER S ON THE SECOND ECONOMY IN THE USS R 1. Gregory Grossman. "The Second Economy in the USSR and Eastern Europe : A Bibliography." September 1985, 13 pp . [Out of print; superseded by Paper No . 21 . ] 2. Gregory Grossman .