Annual Report 2011 Democracy Involves the Right of the People Freely to Determine Their Own Destiny

Annual Report 2011 Democracy involves the right of the people freely to determine their own destiny. The exercise of this right requires a system that guarantees freedom of expression, belief and association, free and competitive elections, respect for the inalienable rights of individuals and minorities, free communications media, and the rule of law.

— “Statement of Principles and Objectives,” 1984

Annual Report 2011

Chairman’s Message | 2 President’s Message | 4 The Year at NED | 7

World Movement for Democracy | 72 Center for International Media Assistance | 74

t is difficult to look back on 2011 without concluding that it Ioffered more reasons to be optimistic than fearful. With the exception of 1989, no single year has presented as much vindication of NED’s mission or as much promise for our vision.

The pro-democracy revolts of the Arab Spring not only broke the region’s authoritarian stronghold, but also generated fresh momentum for democratic change that could be felt as far away as China and Cuba. As the year ended, long repressed but newly engaged forces in Russia and Burma were pressing for democratic reform.

Just two weeks into 2011, protests sparked by the self-im- veys show, the ferment was primarily caused by socioeco- molation of Tunisian street vendor Muhammad Bouazazi nomic grievances, by the popular demand for opportunity ousted the authoritarian regime of Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali — the chance to get a job, an education, to walk the streets after 23 years of repressive rule. without fear of police brutality and to live life without en- countering the persistent venality of a bribe-driven political Within weeks, the contagious effect of Tunisia’s Jasmine culture. NED and our core institutes have over recent years revolution saw the swelling of pro-democracy protests highlighted the need for a social agenda in giving poor and across the Arab world. Another impromptu blending of marginalized citizens a stake in democracy, while stressing Web-based youth activism, labor solidarity and citizen mo- the importance of ensuring that “democracy delivers,” by bilization forced Egypt’s President Mubarak to cede power addressing needs as well as rights. after pro-democracy forces called a general strike and began to march on the state TV’s headquarters. While the region’s revolts ended the authoritarian monopoly in Arab states, they present profound challenges As protests spread to Yemen, Bahrain, Morocco and Syria, to Arab democrats, to the West’s democracies as well as a common refrain was heard across the region — a demand to NED and the wider democracy assistance commu- for human dignity. nity. Can new democratically-elected governments cope with the economic crises many will inherit? Will they The revolts repudiated the myth that Arab citizens were respect the rights of women and minorities? Can they somehow immune to the democratic spirit — that they did develop governing structures that are both effective and not want or need the right to vote, freedom of assembly free of corruption? and association, an end to authoritarian dynasties, and the other constitutional rights and safeguards we all too often As we have seen over the years, so many promising break- take for granted. throughs are squandered by weak transitions. And yet, as NED’s 2012 points out, if Tunisia can The Arab Spring also demonstrated the importance of the Strategy Document become a successful Arab democracy, “it will represent an social and economic dimensions of empowerment. As sur-

2 | National Endowment for Democracy inspiring model for the region and a potential support base death, Havel expressed his concern for Burma’s future, of- for movements in other countries.” fering for inspiration the example of the struggle his own countrymen had endured in overcoming 50 years of tyranny. Such democratic movements are personified by the slight but formidable figure of Tawakkol Karman, the Yemeni She told this story in a video tribute played at the memorial rights activist and one of three women to share the 2011 service for President Havel that the Endowment organized Nobel Peace Prize. A NED grantee for several years, she in cooperation with the Czech Embassy in Washington on represents the drive and commitment so characteristic of January 6th of this year, the 35th anniversary of the libera- the dissidents, human rights tion movement Charter 77. and women activists, trade “Although he is no longer unionists, business figures The pro-democracy revolts here,” she pointed out, “I feel and civil society groups that he continues to give us help the Endowment nurtures and of the Arab Spring not by his example, by his belief supports, often in the least only broke the region's in people’s ability to over- promising of circumstances. come their weaknesses, by his authoritarian stronghold, belief in a society’s ability to One of the most intracta- reconstruct itself along the ble cases was thought to be but also generated fresh lines that will be most accept- the military dictatorship of momentum for democratic able to its people.” Burma, a country that has long been a high priority change that could be felt as far Due in no small part to the for NED. But that country’s away as China and Cuba. bipartisan commitment of prospects for a democratic the US Congress and the breakthrough became more Obama administration, the promising in recent months, arising from the government’s Endowment has the good fortune and privilege to be able reform process and the revived democratic opposition, led to provide the practical assistance, vital resources and po- by Aung San Suu Kyi. The Endowment has been the larg- litical solidarity that help thousands of activists and groups est and most consistent source of assistance for Burmese worldwide strive day in and day out to spread, reinforce and democrats and civil society for many years, and we are amplify the moral force and vision that Václav Havel per- well-positioned to help turn signs of progress — relaxed sonified. censorship, economic reforms, release of political prison- At a time of financial stringency and tightening budgets, it ers, growing freedom of association, including independent is not a privilege that we take for granted. Rather, it is a pro- labor unions — into sustainable democratic reform. found responsibility that we will embrace and exercise over One of the Burmese democracy movement’s greatest cham- the coming year. pions was former Czech President Václav Havel, whose death toward the close of 2011 was felt deeply by all who believed in the universality of freedom and democracy. Richard Gephardt In a letter to Aung San Suu Kyi that she received after his Chairman, National Endowment for Democracy Annual2011 Report | 3 President’s Report

he uprisings that swept the Arab Middle East during the Tpast year will forever define 2011 as an epochal moment in the history of democracy.

It is still far too soon to know if these momentous events, that have come to be called the Arab Spring, have initiated a process that will lead eventually to the democratic transformation of the Middle East. The situation is still too uncertain and var- ies from country to country — from the encouraging democratic transition that began in Tunisia to the more troubled processes that are underway in Egypt and Libya; from the gradual reform of the monarchy in Morocco to the resistance to reform in the kingdoms of Saudi Arabia and Bahrain; and from the protracted effort to negotiate a settlement in Yemen to the harsh repression and violence in Syria.

If there is no single pattern to the changes that have erupted proud that our grantee and longtime friend Tawakkol Kar- over 2011, they nonetheless ended the authoritarian paraly- man, who is the founder of Women Journalists without sis of a region that had been untouched by the third wave of Chains, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the leading democratization and that some had thought was impervi- role she played in the peaceful demonstrations for democ- ous to pressures for democratic change. That by itself be- racy in Yemen. speaks the historic significance of the Arab Spring, even if In addition to making hundreds of grants that are detailed the prospect for democracy in the region is uncertain and on the NED website, NED’s International Forum for Dem- great challenges lie ahead. ocratic Studies convened expert meetings on Tunisia, Egypt Along with its institutes and discretionary grantees, NED and Libya that brought together scholars and practitioners was actively involved throughout the region in 2011, work- to identify critical challenges and lay out a possible road- ing for democratic openings and reforms and helping to map for democratic transition in each country. NED also strengthen the capacity of democratic groups and the pros- convened a meeting of the leaders of key private founda- pects for peaceful democratic transitions. We are especially tions at which they heard from top Middle East analysts,

If there is no single pattern to the changes that erupted over 2011, they have nonetheless ended the authoritarian paralysis of a region that had been untouched by the third wave of democratization...

4 | National Endowment for Democracy We are especially proud that our grantee and longtime friend Tawakkol Karman (above, center), who is the founder of Women Journalists Without Chains, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the leading role she played in the peaceful demonstrations for democracy in Yemen.

grants program, with support going to aid democratic ef- program specialists, and officials and were able to discuss forts in more than 100 countries. Among the priorities in priority areas of assistance to aid democratic transitions. Asia were China, where a fearful government tightened The 2011 Democracy Award honored those who struggled controls in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings and the and sacrificed in the uprisings in Egypt and Tunisia, and awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to Liu Xiaobo; and the individuals accepting the award on their behalf were re- Burma, where the military regime unexpectedly initiated a ceived in the Oval Office by President Obama. In addition, process of political opening and dialogue with Daw Aung the Eighth Annual Seymour Martin Lipset Lecture on De- San Suu Kyi. In Africa, special attention was given to Sudan, mocracy in the World featured Professor Abdou Filal-An- where the South voted overwhelming for independence in sari of Morocco, who lectured on “The Arab Revolutions: a referendum and the new state of South Sudan was estab- Democracy and Historical Consciousness.” lished in July; and the Democratic Republic of the Congo While responding to the Arab Spring was a priority for where civil society organizations continued to wage a brave NED in 2011, the organization maintained a robust global struggle for reconciliation and human rights in the face of Annual2011 Report | 5 While responding to the Arab Spring was a priority for NED in 2011, the organization maintained a robust global grants program, with support going to aid democratic efforts in more than 100 countries.

increased repression, massive corruption, electoral instabil- ians committed to defending human rights, strengthening ity, and insurrectionary violence. In the post-communist re- independent parliaments, and increasing funding for inter- gions, significant NED support aided civil-society groups, national democracy assistance. This last goal of expanding human-rights defenders and independent media in Belarus democracy assistance was advanced during 2011 by Po- in the aftermath of the crackdown following the December land’s establishment of a new Foundation for International 2010 president election; and also in Russia where mass pro- Solidarity and the European Union’s announced intention tests erupted in response to electoral fraud and the prospect to create a NED-like institution called the European En- of Vladimir Putin resuming his presidency. Priority was also dowment for Democracy. given to aiding the democratic transitions that have started NED mourned the death in 2011 of a number of outstand- in Kyrgyzstan and Moldova. And in Latin America, NED ing democratic activists and leaders. They included former increased aid to the movement of civic resistance in Cuba Reagan-Fascell Fellows Vitali Silitski, a political scientist and to those in Venezuela fighting for open political space from Belarus, and Suvash Darnal, a Dalit activist from Ne- and a level playing field in the lead-up to the October 2012 pal; the Argentine political scientist and presidential election. Journal of Democ- racy board member Guillermo O’Donnell; Elena Bonner, NED also continued to provide the secretariat for the the widow of Dr. Andrei Sakharov and a great Russian dem- World Movement for Democracy which helped maintain ocrat in her own right; Laura Pollán, the founder and leader the WMD’s regional and functional networks of activists of the Ladies in White in Cuba who was posthumously and scholars, issued regular alerts supporting activists un- honored with NED’s Democracy Service Medal; and der attack by repressive governments, and laid plans for Václav Havel, the former dissident and Czech President the WMD’s seventh global assembly, which will be held in who used his great international stature to support dissi- Lima, Peru, from October 14-17, 2012. In addition, NED dents still fighting for freedom in repressive societies. expanded its participation in the Community of Democra- We remember these individuals not just to honor their cies, buttressing the Community’s efforts to defend civil so- contribution to a freer and more peaceful world, but also ciety and oppose the adoption by governments of restrictive to draw inspiration for the difficult struggles that lie ahead. NGO laws. These efforts were aided in 2011 by the success- May we be worthy of their sacrifice, courage, and devotion ful WMD-led campaign to establish within the UN a Spe- to the values of democracy. cial Rapporteur on Freedom of Assembly and Association. Maina Kiai, a member of the WMD Steering Committee, was selected to be the first incumbent in that new post. NED also assisted in the creation of the Parliamentary Fo- Carl Gershman rum for Democracy, a worldwide network of parliamentar- President, National Endowment for Democracy

6 | National Endowment for Democracy The Year at NED

Left to right: US Under Secretary of State William J. Burns, Jamel Bettaieb, Zahraa Said, and Carl Gershman pose with the 2011 Democracy Award presented on June 22 to honor the people of Tunisia and Egypt in their struggle to establish democracy in their countries.

2011 Democracy Award businessman who was beaten to death by po- Honors the People of lice because he had video evidence of police Tunisia and Egypt corruption. A Facebook page titled "We are n June 22, 2011, the National Endow- all Khaled Said" fueled the organization of Oment for Democracy presented its Egyptian protestors that led to the end of the Democracy Award to the people of Tunisia Mubarak regime. and Egypt in honor of the struggle to estab- The award presentation was preceded by lish democracy in their countries. US Under a roundtable on the broader challenges ahead Secretary of State William J. Burns was on for a democratic future throughout the Mid- hand for the presentation, and Congressmen dle East. The roundtable featured reports and Greg Meeks (D-NY) and Steve Chabot (R- insights from key activists connected to the OH) made remarks during the ceremony, struggles underway in their home countries which was held on Capitol Hill. The Award of Egypt, Tunisia, Bahrain, Yemen, and Libya, was accepted by Jamel Bettaieb and Zahraa and Syria. Video from the conference is avail- Said. Bettaieb is a Tunisian activist, teacher, able online at www.NED.org. and trade unionist from Sidi Bouzid, the Days after the presentation in Washington, hometown of Mohammed Bouazizi, the un- NED President Carl Gershman traveled to Tu- employed fruit vendor who burned himself nisia to deliver the NED award in person to the

to death and ignited the Arab Spring; Said is The Goddess of Democracy statuette presented offices of Bettaieb’s trade union, the UGTT, the sister of Khaled Said, a young Egyptian to Democracy Award recipients. where the statue will reside as an acknowledge-

Annual2011 Report | 7 ment of the important role played by both Sidi Bouzid and the trade union movement in Tunisia’s democratic uprising.

Democracy Service Medal The Endowment’s Board created its De- mocracy Service Medal in 1999 to recognize individuals who have demonstrated, through personal commitment, their dedication to the advancement of freedom, human rights, and democracy. In 2011, NED honored Congolese democracy activist Floribert Che- beya, Dr. Jean Bethke Elshstain, and Cuban democracy activist Laura Pollán. Floribert Chebeya was awarded the Medal posthumously at the close of "Voices from the Congo: Floribert Chebeya the Road Ahead," held at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum. The Endowment honored the late Floribert Dr. Jean Bethke Elshstain NED Board specialist for South Asia, which Chebeya with its Medal in a July ceremony In October, NED presented the Medal to actively involved her in the process of review- at the United States Holocaust Memorial long-time Board member Jean Bethke Elshtain ing grant proposals, and then presenting and Museum. The medal presentation was an in a ceremony at the University of Chicago Di- explaining these at each Board meeting. As emotional end to a half-day conference, vinity School. Dr. Francis Fukuyama, another Gershman noted, “Voices from the Congo: the Road Ahead,” long-time Board member and himself a Medal “…her favorite project was the quaintly co-organized by NED, the United States recipient, and Martin Paloush, former Czech named Pakistan Fisherfolk Forum, a Karachi- Holocaust Memorial Museum and the East- Ambassador to the US and the UN, were on based grassroots social movement with 60,000 ern Congo Initiative. hand to present tributes. Elshtain served as the (dues paying) members that works to protect Chebeya, a longtime grantee of NED and a the rights of Pakistan’s large inland and coastal pillar of Congo’s civil society, was awarded the fisherfolk community from abuse by govern- medal posthumously for his work as founder ment, landowners, and other powerful inter- and president of Voix des Sans Voix (Voice ests. It had all the qualities that Jean likes: real of the Voiceless), a leading Congolese human people, tied to their local communities, work- rights organization that works to defend and ing together to solve real problems…” empower citizens in the Democratic Republic Elshtain, who is on the faculty at the Uni- of the Congo. He was killed in June 2010 af- versity of Chicago Divinity School, has also ter criticizing the police inspector general for written and lectured extensively on the topic of violently suppressing a political and religious religion and democracy. In 2008 she delivered movement in the DRC. NED’s annual Lipset Lecture. “To countless people in the DRC, as well as in other African countries, Floribert was a Laura Pollán savior,” Carl Gershman said at the ceremony. In December, the Endowment again presented “From his unmarked and humble office, he a Medal posthumously, this time to Laura Pol- fought for Congolese citizens whose rights the lán, the founder of Cuba’s Las Damas de Blan- country’s leaders had ignored and trampled co (The Ladies in White). The Capitol Hill upon.” ceremony was preceded by a panel on “The Chebeya’s widow, Annie Chebeya Mang- Legacy of Laura Pollán,” moderated by NED Dr. Jean Bethke Elshtain received the benga, accepted the medal on his behalf. Democracy Medal in October. director for Latin America and the Caribbean

8 | National Endowment for Democracy Miriam Kornblith. a society based on The ceremony included a video Islamic law (shar- link to Laura’s husband and daugh- ia) can be recon- ter in Cuba, as well as remarks from ciled with their Members of Congress Ileana Ros- desire to live under Lehtinen (R-FL), Howard Berman democracy. A revised (D-CA), Albio Sires (D-NJ) and Sen. version Filali-Ansary’s lec- Robert Menendez (D-NJ). The Med- ture was published in the April 2012 al was accepted by Yolanda Huerga on issue of the Journal of Democracy. behalf of Las Damas de Blanco. The Lipset Lecture series, spon- Pollán founded the Damas de sored jointly by NED and the Munk Blanco when her husband was ar- Center for International Affairs at rested along with 74 others in Cu- the University of Toronto (where ba’s “Black Spring” of 2003, rallying Filali-Ansary spoke on Oct. 24), is other women whose loved ones had named for one of the great democrat- been imprisoned. The women held ic scholars and public intellectuals of weekly marches, dressed in white the twentieth century, Seymour Mar- to symbolize the purity of their tin Lipset. The Lipset Lecture acts motives and carrying gladioli. She as a vehicle for continued coopera- passed away on Oct. 14, 2011, sever- tion between the United States and al weeks after the Damas de Blanco Canada in promoting democracy and were attacked by a mob. democratic ideals around the world, and provides an annual opportunity Abdou Filali Ansary for influential audiences of both the Delivers Eighth countries to hear and discuss a decla- Annual Lipset Lecture ration on democracy by a prominent Laura Pollan was awarded the Medal posthumously; it was The Eighth Annual Lipset Lecture accepted by Yolanda Huerga on behalf of Las Damas de Blanco. intellectual. was delivered on Oct. 26 at the Em- bassy of Canada in Washington, DC, by Abdou Filali Ansary, professor at Aga Khan University’s Institute for the Study of Muslim Civilisation. Dr. Filali-Ansari spoke on “The Arab Rev- olutions: Democracy and Historical Consciousness.” Filali-Ansary contended that “democracy has become a universal norm,” and that in Arab societies today “the only political legitimacy that is acceptable is the democratic one.” He argued that this was true even for the “mainstream Islamists.” Much of his talk and the question-and-answer session that followed focused on how the desire of many Muslims to live in Abdou Filali Ansary delivered the Eighth Annual Lipset Lecture. Annual2011 Report | 9 he year 2011 was a momentous one for democracy in Africa. Milestones included the referendum for TAFRICAself-determination in Sudan in January, leading to the independence of South Sudan in July; resolution of the political crisis in Cote d’Ivoire in March; democratic elections in Nigeria in April; Liberian elections in October; and elections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in November. While the repercussions of many of these are still unclear, the general trend was towards greater democratic popular engagement. NED and its partners contributed in many ways.

Through 15 years of civil war and gradual reform,Sudan constitution-making process; and as conflict erupted along the and South Sudan have now entered a new era. To adjust, new border and in the South, their conflict resolution efforts organizations in both countries received NED support for a gained urgency. strong civil society and independent press, constitutional development, national reconciliation, and the entrenchment of a The elections inCote d’Ivoire in December 2010 ended culture of human rights and democracy. NED partners played in chaos. The work of many of NED’s partners was suspend- leading roles in mobilizing youth to participate in Sudan’s ed during the crisis, but with the return of stability in 2011, (continued on page 13)

Voter registration campaign run by the Center for Constitutional Governance in Lagos, Nigeria. 10 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Left: A citizen election monitoring training workshop in the DRC run by Civil Initiatives for Development with Integrity gives completion certificates to those who finish the course. Right: A get-out-the-vote campaign led by the Center for Constitutional Governance in Osun State, Nigeria.

Country Spotlight on the electoral process, Democratic Republic of Congo educating citizens on citizenship and elections, ivil society in the Democratic Republic of and helping diffuse ten- Congo (DRC) was challenged both by historic sion among citizens and C RECIC national elections and the deteriorating political envi- officials. helped ronment in 2011. Despite this, the Endowment’s 34 lead an important civil partners in DRC helped foster dialogue among com- society election network. peting political parties and the government, launched Endowment partners de- a historic reconciliation process between warring ployed some 300 election groups, and exposed and reported on human rights observers and produced and election-related abuses in over half the country. detailed information on the credibility of the exer- There were fewer formal opportunities for civil soci- cise. NDI created the only ety to contribute during the 2011 elections than there viable forum for dialogue Young Congolese voter; photo by were in the 2006 elections. The election commission among political parties Anita Vandenbeld, courtesy of NDI had no place for civil society, and funding for elec- and the election commis- tions-focused organizations had dwindled. sion, while IRI sent a high-level delegation to assess the pre-electoral environment. Four Endowment partners Ten Endowment partners, however, worked on the were also closely involved in a high-level conference in electoral process, including observing and reporting Washington, DC, in July to assess the current stability in the Congo (see page 8).

Endowment partners were also active outside the elections. Using NED and other donor funding, Search for Common Ground completed a historic reconciliation process in March and April 2011 between two warring groups in Equateur Province that had displaced 130,000 people. Current and former Endowment-supported groups such as Voix des Sans-Voix contributed to a national law prohibiting torture that was passed in 2011, while APDIK set up the first community radio station in the isolated Minembwe area of South Kivu Province, helping bring reliable information to a com- Journalistes en Danger marched in protest of threats made toward a journalist by a member of Parliament in the DRC. munity that had been buffeted by ethnic conflict.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 11Annual2011 Report | 11 AFRICA

Grantee Spotlight and general voting sheets to discuss the voting pro- Facilitating electoral cess. NAYMOTE’s efforts reached over 5,000 people, 30 communities, 30 schools, 10 market centers and participation in Liberia 2,000 individual homes. Volunteers in feedback ses- sions extolled the benefits of going door-to-door to n late 2011, Liberians went to the polls three times engage directly with voters and encourage respon- Iin the span of four months, to participate in a refer- sible decisions, especially in rural and under-served endum — the first since 1984 — and to choose among communities. presidential and legislative candidates during general and run-off elections. In 2011, NED grantees worked NAYMOTE also developed a civic and voter educa- in communities throughout the country on the civic tion guide which was widely distributed to civil so- and voter education initiatives that encouraged the 1.7 ciety organizations, the National Electoral Commis- million registered voters to make their voices heard. sion and community radio stations. After constant Many young Liberians voted for the first time. engagement with youth and despite an opposition boycott in the presidential runoff, NAYMOTE no- To ensure that as many eligible registered voters as pos- ticed a change in young people’s attitude that was sible turned out for the 2011 general elections, NED much less violent and more tolerant of the various grantee National Youth Movement for Transparent campaigns, and that stressed accountability to vote Elections (NAYMOTE) conducted civic and voter on candidates’ platforms. In addition, the organiza- education that focused largely on youth, women, and tion’s use of volunteers who live in the communities the disabled, who make up a significant portion of they engage has helped forge lasting partnerships eligible voters. NAYMOTE worked with hundreds with school authorities, local community leaders of volunteers from Margibi County’s youth networks and National Electoral Commission local represen- and university student unions, underscoring the im- tatives, building community confidence in local gov- portance of civic engagement, who used illustrative ernment structures, which continue to struggle with banners, posters, pamphlets, and sample referendum transparency.

12 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Left: An accountability forum held by the Center for Constitutional Governance raises awareness about the responsibilities of government-appointed and elected officers, and creates platforms for open dialogue between the local councils and the public. Right: Through Voice of Democracy Xamar, community elders and civil society talk about what it means to forgive, reconcile and resolve conflict on Radio Xamar in Somalia.

(continued from page 10) years had fought corruption and advocated for human rights they threw themselves with renewed vigor into a leading role and democracy there with NED support. CIPE’s program to in the justice and reconciliation process, coming together in a strengthen the voice of the private sector in Nigeria expanded unique consortium to document the human rights problems into the north, and the Solidarity Center’s focus on service of the past decade. As the smoke cleared, NDI re-opened its sector unions increased membership and won collective bar- office in Cote d’Ivoire supporting political party dialogue gaining agreements despite the tragic accidental death of the and party development for upcoming local elections. Center’s field representative, Jason Campbell.

Nigeria’s 2011 elections were arguably the best since inde- Liberia’s elections were peaceful and free, even though the pendence. NED’s partners provided important support in vot- opposition boycotted the second round due to allegations of er education, election monitoring, and advocacy for reform. fraud. Again, NED’s partners made important contributions Unfortunately violence marred the process and continues to to voter education efforts, and helped strengthen the indepen- threaten Nigeria’s stability. The ongoing efforts of NED’s part- dent press and promote accountability. The award of the No- ners to encourage accountability, increase the democratic par- bel Peace Prize to President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf and Leymah ticipation of women and youth, strengthen trade unions and Gbowee recognized the important role women have played in business associations, and promote peaceful co-existence have bringing peace and democracy to Liberia, an effort supported helped to counter these threats. NED mourned the murder by NED grants to Liberia for many years. There was high in- of Chidi Nwosu, founder and director of the Human Rights cumbency turnover in the elections, which some have attrib- Justice and Peace Foundation in Abia State, who for many uted to the monitoring activities of NED partners.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 13Annual2011 Report | 13 Congo’s elections at the end of the year were a disappoint- helped prevent an explosion of violence. Partial justice was ment as fraud and violence left doubts about who the real meted out by the courts for the assassins of Floribert Chebeya winner was. Nevertheless, the impressive determination of and Fidele Bazana of NED’s long-time partner the Voice of Congolese to go to the polls to vote was testimony to the hard the Voiceless, but the fight against impunity continues. NED work of many of NED’s partners to educate and mobilize citi- held a conference in Washington in partnership with the US zens to exercise their democratic rights and responsibilities. Holocaust Memorial Museum and the Eastern Congo Initia- NED’s partners also monitored the elections and the human rights environment, sometimes under duress. Their appeals for a peaceful resolution to the election disputes seem to have

Grantee Spotlight South Sudan: A New Country Emerges

011 marked an unprecedented year in the Sudans. 2Pursuant to the provisions in the 2005 Com- prehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) that ended Af- AFRICA rica’s longest-running civil war, southern Sudan was granted a referendum on self-determination in Janu- ary. Millions turned out to vote overwhelmingly in favor of separation in a free and fair process that occurred without major incident. The success of the referendum was due in part to the work of local civil society, including NED partners Bakhita Radio and the Sudanese Organization for Nonviolence and Asma M. Taha is Executive Manager of the Ustadh Mahmoud Development , who organized large-scale civic and Taha Cultural Center in Sudan. voter education drives in the months ahead of the referendum. several NED partners, including the Al-Khatim Adlan Center for Enlightenment (KACE), the While the following months brought euphoria to Ustadh Mahmoud Taha Cultural Center and the South Sudan, which officially celebrated its inde- Babiker Badri Scientific Association for Women’s pendence in July, the situation in Sudan became Studies organized cultural events, dialogue forums increasingly precarious. Violent conflicts erupted and workshops, which brought together diverse between government forces and rebels in the key groups of Sudanese citizens united in their vision states of South Kordofan and Blue Nile, leading for a better Sudan. to the displacement of thousands of citizens. As the conflicts escalated, NED partner the African As these and other events unfolded, civil society Centre for Justice and Peace Studies played an remained committed to the greater political open- invaluable role in both monitoring, documenting ness envisioned by the CPA. NED partner the and reporting on the human rights situation in both Institute for the Development of Civil Society states, providing information otherwise unavailable led a national initiative establishing the Sudanese to the international community. Many of the dis- Initiative for Constitution-Making, a coalition of placed fled to Khartoum, leading to several initia- 40 civil society organizations, including ten NED tives by local civil society to support them and shed partners, that will continue to engage citizens to light on the root causes of the conflicts. In addition mobilize for a democratic constitution as Sudan to assembling resources such as food and clothing, embarks on a new era.

14 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Top left: Banner welcoming participants to a Community Democracy Clinic run by Citizens Center for Integrated Development and Social Rights in Nigeria. Top right: Local residents gather before conducting a social audit of a neighborhood school with the help of the Mitano Development Foundation in Uganda. Bottom left: The Sharmarke Peace Foundation trains journalists on reporting humanitarian issues. Bottom right: Ligue Togolaise des Droits de l'Homme organized a national forum, gathering security forces and civil society to discuss democratic concepts in Togo. tive which provided a platform for civil society voices from the women, and youth. And NED began support to the democ- DRC and focus attention on the elections. The widow of Flo- racy movement in Swaziland, led by the trade unions and ribert Chebeya, Annie Chebeya, accepted NED’s Democracy civil society. Service Medal on his behalf. In Guinea, NED partners took initiatives to reform the se- Of course, democratic progress is not simply a catalog of elec- curity sector and improve prison conditions. NED’s partners tions, and elsewhere throughout Africa NED partners made in Sierra Leone promoted government accountability to tangible contributions to freedom and human rights. In its citizens. Working in tandem, NED and NDI supported the Somalia, NED support to independent media buttressed development of the West African Election Observers Network. freedom of speech and kept citizens informed. NED part- In the context of flawed presidential elections inCameroon , ners helped protect Somaliland’s new democratic govern- NED’s partners strengthened civil society networks and in- ment, increasing engagement with civil society, the legislature, creased citizen awareness. NED’s partners in Equatorial youth, women, and minorities. In Uganda, support to youth Guinea built on their initiative to expand civil society space organizations amplified their voice in the political debate. in one of the world’s most repressive countries. NED’s partners IRI strengthened the effectiveness and accountability of local in Angola reached out to rural communities with civic educa- government in Kenya. In Zimbabwe, NED partners in- tion, and developed capacity to monitor the Angolan govern- creased the political engagement of grassroots communities, ment via the Internet.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 15Annual2011 Report | 15 Africa | 2011 Grants

For more detailed descriptions of these grants, please visit www.NED.org/where-we-work

Civil Initiatives for Development Association pour la Promotion Angola with Integrity des Libertes Fondamentales Acção Angolana Para O Melhoramento $50,000, Electoral Transparency au Tchad (APLFT) E Apoio Ao Meio Rural and Constitutional Reform $58,079, Improving Access to Justice $32,150, Integration and Citizenship Interfaith Vision Foundation Cameroon Public Interest Law Center (PILC) Acção de Solidariedade & $29,867, Promoting Gender Equality $47,670, Access to Justice for the Poor Desenvolvimento through Grassroots Democracy Education $33,092, Civic Education and Constitutional Rights, Phase II The Bridge Africa Congo $30,000, Strengthening Communication Associação de Mulheres Strategies for Civil Society II Association pour les Droits de das Áreas Rurais l’Homme et l’Univers Carceral Women in Alternative Action $29,000, Civic & Electoral Education in Bie $45,454, Evaluating the Poverty (WAA Cameroon) Reduction Strategy Document (PSRP) Associação para Promoção do $32,330, Building Inclusive Democracy Desenvolvimento Endógeno through an Alternative Approach for Commission Diocésaine Justice das Comunidades de Base Women and Youth Political Participation et Paix de Pointe Noire $29,600, Civic & Electoral $29,637, Human Rights and Access to Justice in Pointe Noire Education in Cacuaco Central African Forum dos Agentes Eleitorais GLOBAL RIGHTS - Partners for Justice $28,624, Political and Civic Engagement $76,158, Advocating against Economic Republic and Social Rights Abuses Maka Angola Fondation Hirondelle $64,000, Project Makaangola.com $50,006, Institutional Support Rencontre pour la Paix et les for Radio Ndeke Luka Droits de l’Homme (RPDH) National Counselling Centre $35,700, Promoting Socio-Economic $40,000, Electoral Education Chad Rights and Transparency Burundi Association de Coopération et de Recherches pour le Developpement Congo, Democratic Coalition de la Société Civile $30,500, Participation and Political Republic pour le Monitoring Electoral Engagement in Rural Chad $32,318, Post-Election Monitoring Action for Reconciliation, Association des Femmes pour Peace and Development Forum pour la Conscience le Développement et Culture $59,027, Promoting Fundamental et le Développement de la Paix au Tchad Democratic Rights in Equateur Province $29,560, Mobilizing University $30,680, Strengthening Women Leaders Youth for Peace to Combat Gender-based Violence Jeunesse pour la Culture et le Développement Humain, Ruciteme-Culture Spending by program focus in Africa, 2011 $32,270, Improving Local Accountability Governance in Burundi $1,369,081 $3,609,691 Parole et Action pour le $1,143,985 Civic Education Réveil des Consciences et l’Evolution des Mentalités Conflict Resolution $28,250, Legal Reform on Corruption and Access to Information Democratic Ideals and Values

Developing Market Economy Cameroon $2,755,224 Freedom of Association Activity Center for Youth $1,872,298 Development (CAJAD) $28,513, Promoting Human Rights Freedom of Information in Informal Justice Institutions $215,818 $775,851 Human Rights Center for Human Rights and Peace Advocacy (CHRAPA) $2,136,816 NGO Strengthening $29,000, Rights-based Approach to Enhancing Participatory Democracy $1,223,167 Political Processes $369,145 $2,814,165 Rule of Law $1,018,204 Strengthening Political Institutions

16 | National Endowment for Democracy Actions pour les Droits, Centre de Recherche sur Solidarite-Echange pour le l’Environnement et la Vie L’Environnement, la Democratie Developpement Integral $46,158, Local Community Advocacy et les Droits de l’Homme $32,820, Human Rights for Responsible Extractive Industry $64,300, Mobilization against Monitoring in South Kivu Torture and Arbitrary Arrests Aide et Action pour la Paix Voice of the Voiceless $38,482, Managing Land Centre Olame $86,800, Consolidation of Democracy and Conflict in North Kivu $30,218, Preparing Women for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders the 2011 Electoral Process Alliance Feminine pour le Développement Collectif des Organizations des Jeunes Côte d’Ivoire $38,859, Strengthening Political Solidaires du Congo Kinshasa Coalition Ivoirienne des Défenseurs Process Understanding in Rural $39,070, Promoting Nonviolence Communities of Punia Territory and Independence during the des Droits Humains Elections in Universities $34,116, Building the Capacity Ambassade Chrétienne of Human Rights Defenders pour la Paix au Congo Compagnie Tam-Tam Théâtre $34,491, Peaceful Elections through $39,000, Promoting Tolerance and Mouvement des Peuples Pour Voter Education and Monitoring Community Dialogue through Theater L’apprentissage Des Droits Humains $33,664, Promoting Children’s Amis de Nelson Mandela pour la Congo en Images Rights in Western Côte d’Ivoire Defense des Droits de l’Homme $40,000, On the Path toward $43,483, Civic Education and Good Governance Mouvement Ivoirien des Droits Humains MIDH

Monitoring the Electoral Process AFRICA Foundation for the Building $51,027, Helping Victims of Association Africaine de Defense of Public Capacity Human Rights Violations des Droits de l’Homme $29,170, Preparing the Kasongo $47,396, Monitoring Elections, Territory Population for Elections National Democratic Institute Human Rights Abuses and for International Affairs Groupe LOTUS Press Freedom Violations $450,000, Promoting National $51,678, Mobilizing Civic Reconciliation & Political Reform Association des Femmes des Engagement around Elections Medias du Sud Kivu Organisation des Femmes Actives Institute for War and Peace $33,340, Training for Rural de Côte d’Ivoire -OFACI Reporting - Netherlands (IWPR) Female Journalists $33,300, Capacity Building for New NGOs $49,665, Women’s Reporting Collective Association des Jeunes Playdoo-CI International Republican Institute Femmes du Maniema $35,000, Promoting Reconciliation $350,000, Increasing Confidence $36,340, Consolidation of Peace, in Western Côte d’Ivoire in National Elections Justice, Human Rights, and Regroupement des Acteurs Ivoiriens Democracy in Maniema Province Journaliste en Danger des Droits Humains -RAIDH $54,812, Monitoring Freedom of the Association for the Development $236,643, Producing a Ten- Press and Protecting Media Practitioners of Rural Population Initiatives Year Assessment Report on $26,800, Defending the Rights of Journalists for Human Rights Human Rights Violations Prisoners in North Kivu Province $35,528, Stabilizing Democracy Regroupement des Acteurs Ivoiriens through Rights Media Association Paysanne pour le des Droits Humains -RAIDH Développement Intégré au Sud-Kivu Mwanga Association $39,643, Strengthening the Rule $50,239, Democratic Local $42,230, Consolidating Local Communities’ of Law and Democracy through Radio in Minembwe Access to Forest Resources and Justice Training and Education Bureau Islamique pour la Défense National Democratic Institute SOS Exclusion $36,414, Cultivating a Nonviolent and des Droits Humains (BIDH) for International Affairs Democratic Culture in Local Communities $36,504, Promoting Muslim Women’s $450,000, Strengthening Political Party Participation in Political Life Competition in the 2011 Elections Center for Human Rights Promotion de la Democratie et Equatorial Guinea and Humanitarian Law Protection des Droits Humains Equatorial Guinea Justice $37,214, Promoting Human Rights $40,460, Promoting Peaceful $31,160, Using A Human Rights Protection and Democratic Culture Cohabitation and Responsible Land Framework to Enhance Citizen Participation Management in North Kivu Centre d’Etudes et de Formation Populaire pour les Droits de l’Homme Réseau d’Education Civique au Congo Ethiopia $30,120, Strengthening Media’s Reporting $45,350, Improving Urban Good Capacity during Elections in Kasai Orientale Governance in Kinshasa Awramba Times Newspaper $36,000, Free Press Centre d’Etudes Juridiques Appliquées Search for Common Ground $40,000, Improving Human $62,025, Civil Society Bright Africa Integrated Rights in North Kivu Strengthening in Haut-Uele Development Association $61,722, Youth and Women Empowerment Centre d’Etudes et d’Encadrement Securitas-Congo pour la Participation au $40,640, Facilitating Community Bright Africa Women Développement Endogène Dialogue with Local Police Development Association $34,585, Promoting Non-Violence and $21,926, Building the Capacity of Girl and Solidarité pour la Promotion Women Led Organizations in Ethiopia Participatory Democracy in South Kivu Sociale et la Paix $61,800, Promoting and Defending Human Rights during the Electoral Period 2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 17Annual2011 Report | 17 Debebe and Temesgen Law Office Nairobi Disabled Empowerment $48,599, Enabling Legal Environment Programme Mozambique for Civil Society and the Media $28,200, Promoting the Rights National Democratic Institute of Persons with Disabilities for International Affairs Vision Ethiopian Congress $300,000, Strengthening Citizen for Democracy Youth Alive! Kenya Participation in Constitutional & $34,439, Increasing Awareness of $37,266, Uzalendo - Youth Electoral Reform Processes Human Rights and Democracy Patriots Project Phase III Ghana Liberia Niger Groupe Anfani Center for International Action for Community and $34,250, Promoting Democratic Private Enterprise Human Development Inc. Values in Niger $226,699, Strengthening the Voice $52,125, Promoting Grassroots of Civil Society in Policymaking Participation in Democratic Governance Center for Sustainable Human Nigeria Guinea Development, Inc. American Center for International $47,500, Promoting Judicial Labor Solidarity Avocats Sans Frontières Guinée Transparency and Voter Education $556,441, Promoting Worker Rights, $54,229, Promoting Access Freedom of Association & Accountability to Justice in Prisons Committee for Peace and in the Service Sector -- Phase I Development Advocacy Les Mêmes Droits pour Tous $39,000, Voter Education and Center for Constitutional Governance $56,190, Promoting Judicial Legislative Accountability $42,842, Enhancing Representative and Prison Reform Democracy in Nigeria Forum for the Rights of Women Partners for Democratic $31,722, Promoting Civic Center for International Change - Senegal Education in Rural Areas Private Enterprise $45,350, Supporting Civilian AFRICA $320,214, Enhancing the Capacity Military Relations in Guinea Human Rights Watch of Parliamentarians -- Phase II Women & Children, Inc. Search for Common Ground $33,870, Education and Advocacy Center for International $73,923, Strengthening Cross- Campaigns for the Protection of Ivoirian Private Enterprise Border Youth Networks in Côte Refugees and Host Liberian Communities $164,641, Creating an Enabling d’Ivoire, Guinea, and Liberia Business Environment through Liberia Democracy Watch Syndicat Libre des Enseignants Public-Private Dialogue $35,130, Enhancing National Debates et Chercheurs de Guinée for Greater Democratic Participation Center for International $23,722, Promoting the New Guinean Private Enterprise Constitution and Electoral Code Liberia Democratic Institute $197,633, Fostering Private Sector $34,114, Strengthening Participation in Policymaking Kenya Legislative Accountability through Tax Reform -- Phase II Liberia Women Media Action Committee Centre for Constitutionalism and Center for International $46,800, Promoting Peaceful Demilitarization (CENCOD) Private Enterprise Elections in 2011 $259,632, Empowering Civil Society $36,000, Democracy Journal Project National Youth Movement for to Advocate for Budget Reforms Centre for Development Transparent Elections - Partners Research and Advocacy Center for International for Democratic Development Private Enterprise $39,931, Protecting the Rights $64,790, Increasing Youth Participation of Northern Youth $265,225, Enhancing Private Sector in 2011 National Elections Participation in Constitutional Centre for Environment, Human The Fund for Peace Implementation Rights and Development $45,000, UNLocK Liberia: Conflict $42,000, Investigating Human Centre for Economic and Early Warning and Prevention Libertarian Affairs - Kenya Rights Abuses in the Niger Delta The Liberia National Law $39,900, Citizen Engagement in Centre for Human Enforcement Association (LINLEA) Constitutional Implementation Empowerment, Advancement $50,215, Strengthening Criminal and Development (CHEAD) International Republican Institute Justice Institutions in Liberia $800,000, Enhancing Local Governance $31,997, Campaign against Extra-Judicial Service Delivery & Transparency The National Institute For Killings and Other Violent Crimes Public Opinion, Inc. Centre for Research and Documentation Kenya Muslim Youth Alliance $42,395, Promoting Violence-Free Elections $46,700, Fostering Good $26,114, Assessment of Public Governance through the Media Perception of Democracy in Kano State Media Focus on Africa Foundation Madagascar Christian Foundation for $25,000, Examining the Role and National Democratic Institute Social Justice and Equity Influence of Media on Democratization for International Affairs $26,000, Grassroots Participation $103,000, Enhancing Citizen Participation for Good Governance in the Political Process through Civic Engagement in Public Dialogue

18 | National Endowment for Democracy Citizens Centre for Integrated Youngstars Development Initiative Danan Broadcasting Network Development and Social Rights $130,048, Youth Good Governance $19,510, Strengthening Democracy $30,472, Deepening Internal Training and Advocacy Campaign and Human Rights in Banadir Region Democracy among Community Youth for Technology Foundation Dr. Ismail Juma’le Human Groups in Southeast Nigeria $32,000, Yes Youth Can II: ‘PeaceOpoly’ Rights Organization Community Policing Partners for $35,080, Public Awareness of Youth Initiative for Advocacy Justice, Security and Democratic Human Rights and Democracy Growth & Advancement Reforms (COMPPART) $30,000, Building Youth Leadership Formal Education Network $32,825, Policing Voter’s Human Rights for Effective Engagement for Private Schools and Advocacy against Electoral Violence $38,815, Peace and Human Youth Society for the Prevention Connecting Gender for Development Rights Education in Schools of Infectious Diseases and $36,000, The FOI Act: A Tool for Hiiraan Online, Inc. Enhancing Transparency and Women’s Social Vices (YOSPIS) $42,000, Supporting Free and Rights in Northern Nigeria $45,000, Strengthening Northern Youth Participation in Democracy Building Independent Media Environmental Rights Action Kaalo Relief and Development $26,782, Raising Awareness about the Implications of Illegal Oil Bunkering Rwanda Organization $64,600, Puntland Youth for Human Rights Justice and Conseil National des Organisations Peace Building & Democracy Peace Foundation Syndicales Libres au Rwanda $19,876, Promoting Informal Sector National Union of Somali Journalists

$47,990, Entrenching Sustainable AFRICA $45,150, Promoting and Reinforcing Democracy in Southeast Nigeria Domestic Workers’ Rights Journalist Rights and Ethics Human Rights Law Service International Bridges to Justice Organization for Somalis’ $30,000, Strengthening the $50,000, Legal Aid Public Elections Petitions Process Defender Program Protection and Development $24,600, Enhancing Communication among Independent Advocacy Project Rwandese League for the Promotion Local Authorities and Citizens in Mogadishu $41,895, Anti Corruption Curriculum and Defense of Human Rights for Elementary Schools $20,050, Improving Women’s Radio Banadir Broadcasting Participation in Decision-making $32,000, Peace Promotion Institute for Human Rights and Operating Support and Humanitarian Law Radio Daljir $40,000, Strengthening Democracy Senegal $47,050, Sustaining the Voices in the Niger Delta through Media Center for International of Somali Women and Coalition Building Private Enterprise Sharmarke Peace Foundation Kebetkache Women Development $204,504, Empowering Small & $35,000, Humanitarian Reporting Project & Resource Center Medium Enterprises for Reform $30,000, Promoting Sustainable Somali Family Services Peace in Post-Amnesty Niger Delta $65,891, Improving Government Sierra Leone Accountability in Puntland Network on Police Reform in Nigeria Campaign for Good Governance $33,000, Advancing Police Reform $30,247, Fostering Participatory Dialogue Universal Somali TV Ltd in Nigeria through Media $35,020, Operational Support for Centre for Democracy and Human Rights Universal TV in Mogadishu New Initiative for Social Development $30,000, Strengthening Local NGO $30,968, Protection and Defense of Capacity on Local Governance Voice of Democracy Radio Xamar Women’s Rights in Ekiti State IV and Human Rights $39,355, Democratic Dialogue through Media Niger Delta Environment Green Scenery and Relief Foundation $30,335, Capacity Building for Commercial WARDI Relief and $46,186, Local Government Motorbike Riders in Democracy, Development Initiatives Accountability Campaign Human Rights, and Rule of Law $21,850, Promoting Democracy and Human Rights in Somalia Nigeria Automobile Media Foundation for Peace Technicians Association and Development Women Association for Relief $40,000, Legislative Advocacy for $40,910, Educating Citizens through Radio and Development Actions Social Protection of Informal Workers $34,000, Promoting Birimigoydo Transparency International Sierra Leone and Human Rights in Somalia The Fund for Peace $35,000, Enhancing Financial $40,000, UNLocK Nigeria: Conflict Early Accountability and Transparency Yamayska Foundation Warning and Prevention Project Ahead of the 2012 Elections $41,200, Promoting Peace, Rule of Law and Democratic Governance Women Advocates Research and Documentation Center Somalia $47,000, Governance Accountability Somaliland Initiative Project (GAIN) Books for Africa $20,000, Books for the Puntland Barwaaqo Voluntary Organization Young Men’s Christian Association Library and Resource Center $42,235, Promotion of Women’s Political $28,343, Youth Leaders Rights and Democracy in Somaliland Development Project Brothers Relief and Development Organization Charity for Rehabilitation $41,033, Empowering Minority Youth Research and Development in the Lower Shabelle Region $36,301, Participative Youth Advocacy

Annual2011 Report | 19 Consortium of Somaliland Non- Organization for Non-Violence Ustadh Mahmoud Taha Cultural Center Governmental Organizations and Development $25,000, Promoting Democratic $45,790, Promoting Participation $27,700, Conflict Resolution Culture in Sudan in Political Decision Making Tapari Multi-Purpose Zenab for Women Development Independent Diplomat, Inc. Cooperative Society $33,500, Human Rights Awareness $45,000, Assistance to the $42,000, Southern Sudan Post- for Women Farmers Government of Somaliland Referendum Training on Insecurity Institute for Practical Swaziland Research and Training Sudan Swaziland Transport and $60,999, Enhancing Political Institutions in Somaliland African Centre for Justice Allied Workers Union and Peace Studies $34,368, Protecting Worker Rights Somaliland National Youth Organization $55,000, Enhancing Monitoring in Swaziland’s Transport Sector $30,580, Fostering Youth Action Structures for Human Rights Reporting for Democratic Consolidation Al-Khatim Adlan Centre for Togo Somaliland Youth Development Enlightenment and Human Development Action pour la Promotion Association (SOYDA) $60,000, Educational Reform for de l’Enfant Rural $39,460, Promoting Prisoners’ Rights Plurality and Peace in Sudan $38,846, Promoting Good Governance Somaliland Youth Voluntary Al-Khatim Adlan Centre for in Rural Communities Organization Enlightenment and Human Development Association Féminine la Lumière $41,890, Youth Citizenship $41,960, Monitoring Post- $49,203, Civic Education in Rural Areas and Democracy Support Referendum Violence and Popular Consultations in Sudan Togdheer Youth Voluntary Organization Centre d’Observation et de Promotion de l’Etat de Droit $41,526, Strengthening the Rights of Badya Centre for Integrated $33,952, Promoting the Women, Minorities and the Disabled Development Services Decentralization Process AFRICA United Trust Associations $62,600, Building Peace in the $40,586, Strengthening Communication, Border Region of South Kordofan Groupe de Reflexion et d’Action Advocacy and Networking for and North Bahr Al-Ghazal pour le Dialogue, La Democratie Women in Togdheer Gender Center for Research and Training et le Developpement $27,029, Building a Civil Society Platform Voices of Somaliland Minority $55,400, Enhancing Women’s Human Rights in the Constitution on Democracy and Governance Women Organization $36,910, Promoting Political Gesr Center for Development Ligue Togolaise des Droits de l’Homme Participation for Minorities $34,480, Youth Agenda $27,565, Promoting Human Rights within the Military and Law Enforcement Women in Journalism Association HelaHelp $50,300, Enhancing Women’s $37,415, Peace and Coexistence Political Role through Media through Music and Theater Uganda Women’s Rehabilitation and Institute for the Development of Center for International Development Association Civil Society, Sharg El Neil College Private Enterprise $36,990, Promoting Active $105,500, Enhancing Youth Participation $237,751, Fostering Grassroots Private Citizenship by Women in the Constitution-Making Process Sector Participation in Energy Policy Institute for the Development of Centre for Women in South Africa Civil Society, Sharg El Neil College Governance (CEWIGO) $48,165, Enhancing Sudanese $58,500, Empowering Women International Republican Institute Youth Leadership in the Albertine Region $50,000, Democratic Ideas and Values National Center for Peace Facilitation for Peace and National Democratic Institute and Development Development (FAPAD) for International Affairs $60,400, Sudan Democracy Building Center $23,037, Strengthening Civic Participation $298,000, Advancing Democracy and Accountability in the Lango Region at the Local Level Shabab: Youth Centre for Cultural Change Foundation for Human $20,000, Strengthening Youth Rights Initiative (FHRI) South Sudan Participation in Political Processes $55,000, Democratic Bakhita Radio Consolidation in Uganda Sudanese Development Initiative $43,360, Engaging Civil Society $40,000, Expanding Opportunities for Mitano Development in Democratic Governance Media and CSOs in North Sudan Foundation (MIDFO) and Nation Building $28,198, Good Local Governance in Sudanese Organization for Non- Kwoto Cultural Center Kanungu and Rukungiri Districts Violence and Development $60,000, Promoting Reconciliation and National Democratic Institute Positive Nationalism in South Sudan $40,000, Promoting Democracy through Nonviolence and Conflict Transformation for International Affairs Mundri Relief and Development $200,000, Enhancing Parliamentary Sudanese Studies Centre Association Technology Tools $49,660, Promotion of Peace, Security $50,500, Supporting Transparent and Democracy in Post-Conflict Sudan Ride-Africa and Accountable Governance $39,455, Accountable Governance in Western Uganda

20 | National Endowment for Democracy Students for Global Democracy Uganda Zimbabwe Community National Democratic Institute $23,200, Promoting Civic Development Trust for International Affairs Responsibility among Youth $54,989, Promoting Non-violent $200,000, Legislative Strengthening Participation in Zimbabwe through HIV/AIDS Responses Toro Development Network & Technical Activities $27,800, Improving Local Governance Zimbabwe Election Support Network through Radio in the Rwenzori Region $39,910, SADC-ESN Regional Electoral Project Twerwaneho Listeners Club West Africa Regional $28,600, Defending the Rights of Zimbabwe Human Rights Association American Center for International Citizens in the Rwenzori Region $78,436, Citizen Empowerment Labor Solidarity $414,821, Promoting Worker Rights, Uganda Youth Network (UYONET) Zimbabwe Lawyers for Human Rights Freedom of Association & Accountability $35,325 Strengthening Uganda’s Civil $55,000, Human Rights Literacy in Extractive Industries -- Phase IV Society Participation in Local Governance & Advocacy Project Ghana Center for Democratic Development Zambia Central Africa $60,000, Increasing the Effectiveness of Center for International Citizens Election Observers in West Africa Private Enterprise Regional National Democratic Institute $168,912, Improving Azur Développement Democratic Governance $64,766, Strengthening the for International Affairs Capacity of Women’s Organizations $125,500, Promoting the African Charter

on Democracy, Elections & Governance AFRICA Zimbabwe in HIV/AIDS Advocacy Réseau des Défenseurs National Democratic Institute American Center for International des Droits Humains for International Affairs Labor Solidarity $40,410, Advocacy for the Security $450,000, Increasing the Effectiveness $560,000, ZCTU Promoting Democracy of Human Rights Defenders of Citizen Election Observers & Rule of Law -- Phase VI Réseau Ouest Africain des Défenseurs Bulawayo Progressive des Droits Humains / West African Residents Association East Africa Regional Human Rights Defenders Network $36,000, Community Dialogue Project American Center for International $51,840, Building the Capacity Labor Solidarity of Human Rights Defenders Centre for Community $284,232, Empowering Journalists’ Development In Zimbabwe Unions to Develop a Regional $38,460, Democratic Approach to Promoting Freedom of Africa Regional Consolidation in Zimbabwe Association & Press Freedoms International Republican Institute Institute for a Democratic American Center for International $450,000, Institutionalizing Alternative for Zimbabwe Labor Solidarity Democratic Governance – Replicable $36,000, Great Zimbabwe $749,281, Promoting Workers’ Models for Best Practices Scenarios Project Rights, Freedom of Association & National Democratic Institute Institute for Young Women Women’s Leadership Development for International Affairs Development in the Trade Union Movement $192,000, Promoting the African $28,560, Young Women’s East & Horn of Africa Human Union’s Charter on Democracy, Political Participation Rights Defenders Project Elections & Governance National Constitutional Assembly $52,760, Improving the Capacity of $60,001, Benchmarks for a Human Rights Defenders in East Africa Democratic Constitution National Democratic Institute Radio Dialogue Trust for International Affairs $29,487, Citizen Media Project $200,000, Strengthening Legislative Capacity to Develop Regional Standards to Radio Voice of the People (VOP) Improve Extractive Industry Governance $32,000, Independent Short- Wave Broadcasting Sexual Rights Centre Southern Africa $30,000, Advocating LGBTI Regional Rights under the Constitution American Center for International Women of Zimbabwe Arise Labor Solidarity $42,867, Building a Social Movement $535,000, Promoting Democracy & Worker for Zimbabwe Democratization Rights through Capital Strategies -- Phase II Youth Alliance for Democracy American Center for International $28,020, Youth Political Labor Solidarity Awareness and Participation $159,179, Promoting Democracy Youth Forum through Collaborative Trade $40,015, Youth Voter Union Strategies -- Phase IV Registration Campaign Living Together Institute $36,180, Civic Education: Freedom’s Next Steps

Annual2011 Report | 21 he Endowment continued to concentrate its funding in four critical countries in Asia in 2011: TChina, North Korea, Burma and Pakistan. In each of these countries, despite numerous challenges, the ASIAEndowment’s consistent long-term approach has allowed it to respond quickly to opportunities as they arise. The Endowment also supported modest programs in a efforts to tightly control independent political expression. number of other countries in Asia, focusing on those that The Endowment responded by increasing its support for face serious challenges. Towards this end, NED increased rights defenders and civil society organizations that are work in Sri Lanka and the Philippines and maintained pro- engaged in a broad range of initiatives to expand space for grams in Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia. The -En civic engagement. In addition, NED increased its support dowment also remained engaged in Indonesia, Southeast for independent media, including policy journals. Asia’s most populous country. The Endowment continued to prioritize the rights of eth- In the aftermath of Liu Xiaobo’s 2010 Nobel Peace Prize nic groups in China, including robust programs focusing and the Arab Spring, China’s government continued its on Xinjiang/East Turkistan and Tibet. The Endowment

Aware Girls educates and mobilizes young women in Pakistan to participate in political and democratic processes.

22 | National Endowment for Democracy supported Uyghur diaspora organi- Country Spotlight zations that serve as voices providing Burma: Surprising the World essential information and analysis about the situation in Xinjiang. In fter the deeply flawed elections in November 2010, the Tibet, which saw an unprecedented ABurmese government surprised the world by changing course and embarking on a series of unprecedented and dramatic steps that appeared wave of self-immolations in protest to recognize both the need of repressive Chinese policies, NED for political reform and continued to support programs the role of the political op- focusing on human rights protec- position in the process. tion, the free flow of information, Towards this end, the and civic and democratic educa- government allowed the tion among the Tibetans. The En- National League for De- mocracy to register as a dowment also supported efforts by

party and run candidates ASIA ethnic Mongolians to defend their in by-elections scheduled rights under China’s legal frame- for 2012; relaxed press restrictions; invited back work for autonomy. exiles; released political prisoners; suspended con- Pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi, right, visits North Korea In , where the leader- struction on a Chinese- patients at an HIV shelter founded by Phyu Phyu Thin, an HIV activist and Member of Parliament. ship transition was still underway, financed dam; and an- the Endowment concentrated on nounced cease-fire deals with a number of ethnic nationality forces. The international community programs that promote the free flow responded accordingly: ASEAN awarded Burma the chairmanship of of information, as well as document- ASEAN in 2014, and the U.S and many other countries dispatched their ing human rights conditions in the top diplomats to the country for the first time in over 50 years. country. NED also supported a num- As the situation in Burma unfolded, NED encouraged its grantees to take ber of new initiatives that capitalize advantage of this new opening to push for further democratic space in the on the emergence of informal mar- country. More than 50 grantees worked in a wide variety of programmatic kets across the country, strive to form areas, including human rights, political organizing, labor advocacy, and independent media. social networks of North Korean citizens with access to the Internet in NED — with over 20 years of experience working on Burma-related issues — had the in-depth knowledge of the country to adapt to the changing environment. The Endowment was able to support new initiatives from existing grantees as well as broaden its support across the country, reaching political entities and actors who only the year before were completely cut off from the rest of the world.

Although the transition to democracy in Burma is far from complete (conflict still raged in a number of the country’s ethnic states, for example), NED support for the country’s prodemocracy forces has helped to push open the door of reform in one of the world’s most repressive countries.

The Democratic Voice of Burma is an independent Burmese news organization. 2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 23Annual2011 Report | 23 Africa

Left: The Tibetan Women's Association brings together groups of young and dynamic Tibetan women for women's leadership training. Right: Pakistan's Syed Nayyar Hussain Bukhari (right), who is Leader of the House in Senate, addressed an elections roundtable arranged by the Center for Civic Education.

the Asia region, and develop democracy and human rights strengthen nationwide networks of lawyers engaged in ef- education curricula suitable to North Korea. forts to strengthen the rule of law.

In Burma, President Thein Sein’s short tenure has been In Malaysia, NED continued to support groups that pro- marked by a period of relative openness. The Endowment mote adherence to democratic constitutional norms and to quickly adapted to take advantage of the limited politi- foster public understanding of basic rights. NED also con- cal space that opened. This included support for nascent tinued to support independent media and rule of law or- civil society organizations that emerged following Cyclone ganizations, trade union strengthening, and political party Nargis and in response to the regime’s planned mega infra- communication and constituent outreach. structure projects; independent media outlets dedicated to The Endowment’s work inIndonesia focused on anti- accurate reporting; and training opportunities within the corruption initiatives, improving local and corporate country that could not have taken place previously. In ad- governance, and empowering trade unions to engage poli- dition, NED continued its support for a variety of ethnic cymakers regarding national policies and the local imple- nationality-related projects. mentation of labor laws. In Vietnam, the Endowment In the Philippines, the 2010 election of a reform-oriented focused on support for human rights programs, capacity president opened the door for activists to begin repairing building, and Internet-based democracy education. broken democratic institutions. NED continued to sup- Pakistan is entering a critical phase that may determine port civil society efforts that focus on institutionalizing whether its fragile democratic transition can deliver on its reforms, sustaining citizen participation in governance, im- promise of greater political stability and economic prosper- proving transparency and accountability, and building the ity or if the country will revert to military rule. To support capacity of independent media. democratic consolidation, NED worked with Pakistani In Thailand, which has entered a phase of relative political partners on strengthening democratic governance in the stability, NED increased its support for initiatives designed wake of political devolution; ensuring full public participa- to help Thais overcome their political differences and to tion and the integrity of elections scheduled in 2012 and

24 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa Africa

The Citizens Alliance for North Korean Human Rights hosted the 11th International Conference on North Korean Human Rights & Refugees in Geneva, Switzerland, in November 2011.

Grantee Spotlight CHINA Publishing in the People’s Republic

ED supports a wide-range of print and online NChinese publications that provide in-depth analysis, objective news, historical essays, and censored lit- erature. Before the explosion of Internet usage in Chi- na, banned authors had great difficulty finding outlets for their writing. With the advent of online publications, many of these voices can now be heard inside China. The publications are run with a sensitivity to the needs of civil society and cutting-edge intellectual and social trends. Among those writers and public intellectuals who have been featured in these publications are Nobel Peace Prize laureate Liu Xiaobo, writer Liao Yiwu, and the recently-exiled essayist Yu Jie.

Despite the government’s robust, well-funded and sophisticated effort to censor prodemocracy publications, the sheer number of Chinese social media users (or “netizens”) — 500 million — has made it virtually impossible to totally control access to information in China. In addition, a large number of readers use circumvention software to ‘tunnel’ through the Great Firewall to read NED-supported sites each day, including Human Rights in China Biweekly, Demo- cratic China magazine, and the webzine of the Inde- pendent Chinese PEN Centre.

NED-supported sites — including HRIC Biweekly (top), Democratic China (center) and the Independent Chinese PEN Centre (bottom) — provide an alternative to government-owned news outlets.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 25Annual2011 Report | 25 2013; and promoting peaceful alternatives to militancy awareness and increasing citizen understanding and partic- and extremism through civic education and strengthening ipation in the democratic process and supporting efforts to cultural movements and political institutions that rein- ensure that Nepal’s new constitution includes protections force values of democracy and human rights. for the rights of minority communities. In Sri Lanka, the Endowment concentrated on efforts to promote citizen The Endowment’s partners in Nepal focused on raising engagement in the political process, long-standing minor-

Grantee Spotlight Moreover, the Institute provided a platform for new, PAKISTAN emerging voices in the public policy arena. Navigating the public square As part of its Open Democracy Initiative, the Jinnah Institute organized roundtables on issues such as the n 2011, the Endowment supported the Jinnah blasphemy laws and economic policy, produced policy IInstitute’s Open Democracy Initiative to en- briefs on issues including reforming the blasphemy gage policy-makers, government officials, media -or law, the new constitutional right to education, bonded ganizations, civil society, and academia on issues of labor, population, and the cultural representation of ASIA human rights and democratic accountability through women in media. Jinnah Institute staff also published research-based analysis and advocacy. The idea behind opinion pieces in major news outlets as well as on the the Open Democracy Initiative was to strengthen the Institute’s website emphasizing the core themes of the institutional foundations of Pakistan’s democracy by Open Democracy Initiative, such as media freedom, improving public participation and input into the pol- the right to information, and minority rights.

Another Jinnah Institute priority is to engage youth in politics. The Institute organized a capacity-building workshop on developing policy solutions for 70 youth leaders from Tharparkar to raise their awareness on development issues and encourage them to take the initiative to bring about transparent and accountable change. The Jinnah Institute also organized policy discussions aimed at youth as part of its “Generation Next” speaker series.

Countering extremism and protecting the rights of minorities and other vulnerable groups has been a consistent theme of the Jinnah Institute’s work. The Institute’s president, Sherry Rehman, received international attention after radical Islamists assassinated The Institute's roundtables bring together leaders and activists to two political leaders, the governor of Punjab province promote an informed policy dialogue in Pakistan. Salman Taseer in January and the Federal Minister for Minorities Shahbaz Bhatti in March, both of whom icy-making process. The Jinnah Institute quickly estab- had spoken out against the blasphemy law. As a leg- lished itself as one of Pakistan’s premier public policy islator, Rehman had drafted and submitted a bill to think tanks, attracting influential politicians, top gov- reform Pakistan’s controversial blasphemy laws and ernment officials, prominent academics, leading activ- became the target of death threats from religious ex- ists, and journalists to participate in its activities and tremists. Rehman was appointed Pakistan’s Ambassa- engage in substantive and informed policy dialogue. dor to the United States in November 2011.

26 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Top left: A peaceful demonstration organized by Tibetan NGOs in Dharamsala to protest the brutal crackdown on Tibetans in Tibet. Top right: The Asian Network for Free Elections Foundation provides workshops on election monitoring, voter education, election systems, and good governance. Bottom left: The Antenna Foundation Nepal increases citizen participation in Nepal's democratic process through radio. Bottom right: Suvash Darnal founded and directed the Samata Foundation, a policy institute dedicated to improving the lives of Nepal’s Dalits. He was tragically killed in a car crash while traveling in Washington, DC, in 2011. ity rights issues, and the rule of law. NED programs in supported cross-border solidarity that strengthens local Bangladesh continued to be modest, consisting of one or efforts in areas such as maintaining the free flow of infor- two core institute projects. mation; supporting independent, professional journalism; improving transparency and accountability; and bolstering Regional and sub-regional programs drew upon the exper- domestic election monitoring. tise and experience available throughout the region and 2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 27Annual2011 Report | 27 Asia | 2011 Grants

For more detailed descriptions of these grants, please visit www.NED.org/where-we-work

$27,000, Independent News and $25,000, Strengthening Community Bangladesh Information in Western Burma Organizing inside Burma Center for International $33,000, Information and News $13,000, Capacity Building in Kachin State Private Enterprise Service, Shan State $167,759, Promoting the Sustainability $50,000, Capacity Building in Kachin State of Women’s Business Advocacy $75,000, Burmese-Language $60,000, Raising Public Awareness about Current Affairs Journal and National Democratic Institute Human Rights and Democracy in Burma Establishment of Libraries for International Affairs $53,345, Human Rights and $475,000, Supporting Women’s $15,800, News and Analysis Community Organizing Trainings, Participation & Inclusion in on Kachin State Publications, and Advocacy Policy Development HUMAN RIGHTS $85,000, Human Rights Documentation $60,000, Supporting the Democracy and Education in Mon State Burma and Human Rights Activities of the Monastic Community $150,000, Civil Society American Center for International Development in Burma Labor Solidarity $30,000, Support for the Burmese $300,000, Unions & Democracy Prodemocracy Movement $72,278, Increasing Awareness and Building International Support $25,000, Documenting and International Republican Institute for Democracy in Burma $300,000, Expanding the Raising Awareness on Resource Political Opposition Extraction in Arakan State $28,792, Promoting Kachin Women’s Political Participation International Republican Institute $95,000, Building Support in Southeast $300,000, Building Political Asia for Democracy in Burma $15,693, Human Rights Documentation and Advocacy in Karen State Campaign Structures $100,000, Assistance for Political Prisoners $15,000, Strengthening a National Democratic Institute $50,000, Capacity Building for Human Network for Human Rights for International Affairs Rights Documentation Network $275,000, Strengthening the Capacity Documentation and Advocacy $20,000, Building Support in India of the Democracy Movement $90,000, Supporting Prodemocracy for Democracy in Burma and Human Rights Activities National Democratic Institute $30,000, Women’s Rights and for International Affairs $30,000, Promoting Palaung Empowerment in Burma $10,000, Supplement Women’s Political Participation $55,000, Human Rights CIVIC EDUCATION $75,000, Building Local Capacity to Documentation and Advocacy $30,000, Capacity Building in Burma Document Crimes Against Humanity $25,350, Humanitarian Assistance for $27,000, Capacity Building and Social Internally Displaced People in Karen State Justice Education for Shan State Youth DEMOCRATIC IDEAS AND VALUES $30,000, Awareness Raising on Human Rights and Democracy in Chin State Spending by program focus in Asia, 2011 FREEDOM OF INFORMATION Accountability $26,500, Computer Training $2,371,941 $1,486,088 and ICT Development $813,209 $135,000 Civic Education $475,000, Burmese-Language Shortwave $1,257,628 $1,884,646 Radio and Satellite Television Broadcasts Conflict Resolution $29,680, Expanding Information $1,190,000 Democratic Ideals and Values Technology Access and Training $473,610 $150,000, English and Burmese- Developing Market Economy Language News Magazine and Website Freedom of Association $12,000 Advancing the Burmese $2,236,019 Democracy Movement’s Freedom of Information Understanding of the Military $4,517,272 $20,000, Karenni State News Human Rights and Information Service NGO Strengthening $25,000, Karen State News and Information Service Political Processes $60,000, Information and $5,162,942 News Service - Burma Rule of Law $3,717,840 Strengthening Political Institutions

28 | National Endowment for Democracy Asia

Demonstrators exercise their freedom of speech in Hong Kong. Photo courtesy of the National Democratic Institute.

$23,000, Human Rights Center for International Southern Mongolian Human Documentation in Shan State Private Enterprise Rights Information Center $89,034, Improving Transparency $148,000, Southern Mongolia $36,000, Enhancing Shan Women’s in Local Governments Human Rights Monitoring Political Participation $32,000, Human Rights and Political Center for International Wei Jingsheng Foundation, Inc. Training for Palaung Youth Private Enterprise $54,300, Analysis of Trends in $3,322, Encouraging Free & Open China’s Democratization $25,000, Strengthening Thai Support Dialogue on Policy Reform for Democracy in Burma FREEDOM OF SPEECH China Free Press $30,000, Citizen Initiatives for $125,000, Civil Society $220,000, Free Media Forum: Hosting Freedom of Information Development in Burma Banned Websites and Civil Rights Page ACCOUNTABILITY $170,000, Building Civil Society in Burma China Human Rights Lawyers $130,000, Enhancing public $60,000, Promoting the Role of Women Concern Group awareness of legal rights $140,000, Legal Aid and Rights in the Struggle for Democracy in Burma HUMAN RIGHTS Training for Lawyers NGO STRENGTHENING $490,260, Promoting awareness $33,000, Promoting Civil China Labor Watch, Inc. and action on human rights $90,000, Worker Legal Aid and Hotline Society inside Mon State RULE OF LAW RULE OF LAW Democratic China, Inc. $391,220, To raise awareness of citizens' $45,000, Legal Aid, Research, $224,000, Democratic China and officials' legal rights and responsibilities and Advocacy in Burma Electronic Magazine $47,750, Capacity Building and Networking Human Rights in China, Inc. China (Hong Kong) $160,000, Raising Awareness and Support for Lawyers in Burma American Center for International Support for Human Rights in China STRENGTHENING POLITICAL Labor Solidarity INSTITUTIONS Independent Chinese PEN Centre, Inc. $153,106, Expanding Workers’ $80,000, Promoting Democracy in Burma $170,000, Defending Freedom Rights & Democracy of Expression in China Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor Initiatives for China $170,000, Hong Kong Human Cambodia $85,000, Conference to Promote Rights Monitoring American Center for International Interethnic Understanding Labor Solidarity and Democratic Values $150,000, Protecting Trade China (Tibet) Union & Workers Rights International Federation of Journalists-Asia Bodkyi Translation and Research House $50,760, Media Monitoring $20,000, Legal and Information Technology China and Encouraging a Democratic Training for the Monastic Community Media Culture in China American Center for International Consultations Samdup Labor Solidarity International Republican Institute $50,000, Human Rights Dialogue $296,287, Worker Rights Awareness $1,000,000, Support to Civil Between Tibetans and Chinese Society Reformers to Strengthen Gu-Chu-Sum Movement of Tibet Asia Catalyst, Inc. Independent Voices & Institutions $200,000, Building a Foundation for Change $45,000, Support for Tibetan Princeton China Initiative Political Prisoners Celeluck Company, Ltd. $490,000, Rights Protection International Campaign for Tibet $42,000, Open Magazine Mini-grants Initiative and Media Freedom $20,000, Emergency ICT Proposal Princeton China Initiative Center for International International Campaign for Tibet $171,500, China in Perspective Magazine $50,000, Tibet-China Democracy Private Enterprise Networking Program $148,658, Protecting Rural Land Rights Princeton China Initiative $370,000, China Digital Network: Empowering Citizen Media in China

Annual2011 Report | 29 International Tibet Network National Democratic Institute NK Reform Institute $50,000, Strengthening International for International Affairs $160,000, North Korea Reform Radio Support for Democracy and $285,000, Citizen Engagement North Korea Intellectual Solidarity Human Rights in Tibet in Electoral Redistricting $20,000, Building a North Korean Khawa Karpo Tibet Culture Centre Suara Inisiatif Sdn Bhd Defector-run Think Tank $30,000, Tibet Express Newspaper $60,000, Human Rights and Open North Korea Democracy Campaign Khawa Karpo Tibet Culture Centre $140,000, Open Radio North Korea $20,000, Tibet Express Newspaper Radio Free Chosun Students for a Free Tibet, Inc. Mongolia $150,000, Radio Free Chosun $20,000, Leadership Training International Republican Institute The Daily NK for Tibetan Youth $475,000, Mongolia: Enhancing Local $175,000, Daily Internet Newspaper Governance & Accountability The Foundation Voice of Tibet Focusing on North Korea $45,000, Shortwave Tibetan- Language Radio Program Developing Market Economy Nepal $60,000, Democracy and Market Tibetan Literacy Society Antenna Foundation Nepal Economy Training for North Koreans $30,000, Tibet Times Newspaper $95,000, Using Community-Based Young Defectors’ Alliance for Radio to Promote Democracy Tibetan Women’s Association (Central) North Korean Human Rights $20,000, Promoting Women’s Rights Center for International $40,000, Leadership Education in the Tibetan Exile Community Private Enterprise for Defector Students $169,593, Economic Growth Agenda China (Xinjiang/ Nepal National Dalit Social Pakistan Welfare Organization American Center for International

ASIA $50,000, Promoting Dalit Rights East Turkistan) Labor Solidarity and Political Participation International Uyghur Human Rights $575,000, Supporting Workers Rights, and Democracy Foundation Samata Foundation Industrial Relations, & Trade Unions $240,000, Human Rights Advocacy and $31,000, Ensuring Dalit Rights in Aware Girls Civic Education for Uyghur Women Nepal’s Policies and Legislation $25,000, Political Empowerment of International Uyghur PEN Club Search for Common Ground Young Women in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa $73,399, Freedom of $40,000, Women Building Community Baacha Khan Trust Expression for Uyghurs Peace in the Eastern Terai Educational Foundation Uyghur American Association Youth Action Nepal $50,000, Strengthening Civil Society $280,000, Uyghur Human Rights Project $30,000, Youth Participation in Human in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and FATA Rights, Democracy, and Political Affairs World Uyghur Congress Balochistan Institute for Development $195,000, Democracy and Rights $65,000, Women’s Rights and Leadership Training for Uyghurs North Korea Empowerment in Balochistan Center for International Catholic Commission for Indonesia Private Enterprise Justice and Peace American Center for International $85,686, Creating Political Space $80,000, Campaign for Equal Rights through Private Markets Labor Solidarity Center for Civic Education Pakistan $943,496, Trade Unions for Citizens’ Alliance for North $100,000, Constitutional Literacy Campaign Democratic Advances -- Phase VI Korean Human Rights Center for International $190,000, North Korean Human Center for International Private Enterprise Rights and Democratization Private Enterprise $871,431, Promoting Economic $168,828, Promoting Business Database Center for North Reform through Business Advocacy Ethics & Reducing Corruption Korean Human Rights Center for Peace and Civil Society $60,000, Human Rights $75,000, Strengthening Malaysia Information Clearing House Civil Society in Sindh International Republican Institute Ewha Institute of Unification Studies Centre for Human Rights Education $450,000, Enhancing Political $45,000, Promoting Rights- $50,000, Training Institute for Capacity & Responsiveness based Development Human Rights Defenders Lawyers for Liberty Imjingang Inc Centre for Peace and $85,000, Imjingang Magazine $45,000, Promoting Human Development Initiatives Rights and Access to Justice National Democratic Institute $115,000, Strengthening Civil Society Liberal Banter Sdn Bhd for International Affairs to Improve Democratic Accountability $45,000, Voter Education and $150,000, Strengthening the Capacity Civil Society Support Programme Electoral Reform Advocacy of Democracy Advocates $60,000, Empowering the Voices Merdeka Center for Opinion Research Network for North Korean of a New Generation $60,000, Public Opinion Research Democracy and Human Rights Individualland Trust $80,000, Democracy Education $70,000, Conflict Reporting along Mkini Dotcom Sdn Bhd for North Koreans $100,000, Supporting Independent the Pakistan-Afghanistan Border Media in Southeast Asia

30 | National Endowment for Democracy Insan Foundation Trust Center for International International Republican Institute $50,000, Bridge for Peace and Democracy Private Enterprise $200,000, Public Opinion Research $147,164, Improving Corporate & Political Communications Interactive Resource Centre Governance in Firms $125,000, Human Rights Advocacy National Democratic Institute through Video and Interactive Theater Center for International for International Affairs Private Enterprise $500,000, Promoting Dialogue Between International Republican Institute $240,760, Combating Corruption Citizens & Elected Representatives $500,000, Political Party Support in the Private Sector Thai Volunteer Service Jinnah Institute Center for International $75,000, Human Rights $80,000, Open Democracy Initiative Private Enterprise Lawyer Volunteer Project Khwendo Kor $241,941, Improving Public Governance $50,000, Voice for Rights in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Center for Media Freedom Vietnam & Responsibility, Inc. Association of Vietnamese Mehergarh: A Centre of Learning $79,000, Promoting Responsible Overseas : Culture & Liaison $45,000, Making Democracy Journalism and Press Freedom Work in Pakistan $97,000, Quê Me: Action for International Center for Innovation, Democracy in Vietnam Omar Asghar Khan Transformation and Excellence in Overseas Organization to Support the Development Foundation Governance (INCITEGov) Inc. Humanist Movement in Vietnam $130,000, Citizen’s Actions for Responsible $100,000, Strengthening a Movement $38,000, Democracy Education and and Accountable Leadership for Democratic Governance and Reform Independent News Via Internet Radio Organization for Development Philippine Center for

RULE OF LAW ASIA and Peace Investigative Journalism $70,000, Legal Advocacy for Civil and $30,000, Promoting Democracy and $42,600, Protecting the Media: Extrajudicial Political Rights and Religious Freedom Protecting Human Rights in South Punjab Killings and the Culture of Impunity Pakistan Fisherfolk Forum $115,000, Community Sri Lanka Southeast Asia Empowerment for Peace, Sustainable Development, and Democracy American Center for International Regional Labor Solidarity American Center for International Pakistan Press Foundation $405,000, Defending Core Labor Rights Labor Solidarity $110,000, Promoting $742,500, Labor Program in Democratic Governance through Janawaboda Kendraya Thailand, Malaysia, & Burma Effective Use of Media $24,000, Increasing Citizen Engagement through Drama and Discussion Global Witness Potohar Organization for $40,000, Promoting Transparency and Development Advocacy Neelan Tiruchelvam Trust Accountability and Addressing Land $100,000, Civil Rights, Peace $24,785, Improving the Safety and Grabbing in the Mekong Region Education, and Democratic Security of Human Rights Defenders Development in Rural Communities Transparency International Sri Lanka Initiatives for International Dialogue $80,000, Advocacy and Capacity Building SHEHRI - Citizens for a $44,000, Enhancing Accountability through Dialogues, Training, and Internships Better Environment and Community Participation $130,000, Police Reforms and in Local Government Southeast Asian Press Alliance Human Rights Training Viluthu, Ltd. $45,000, Supporting Independent Media in Southeast Asia Taangh Wasaib Organization $67,000, Strengthening Civil $80,000, Promoting Human Society through Study Circles Rights in Schools Asia Regional Trust for Development Thailand American Center for International Studies and Practices Center for International Labor Solidarity $85,000, Empowering Private Enterprise $415,000, Enhancing the Rule Women in Balochistan $165,960, Private Sector of Law in Employment Women Media Centre of Pakistan Approaches to Anti-Corruption American Center for International $90,000, Enhancing the Role of Cross Cultural Foundation Labor Solidarity Women Journalists in Media $50,000, Building a Network of $321,883, Occupational Safety & Health Program HUMAN RIGHTS Human Rights Lawyers $45,000, People’s Actions for Environmental Litigation and Asian Network for Free Democracy, Peace, and Tolerance Advocacy for the Wants Elections Foundation $50,000, Strategic Litigation and $120,000, Strengthening Domestic Public Awareness Focused on Election Monitoring in Asia Philippines Environmental Protection Ateneo School of Government $56,209, Pugadlawin Youth Foundation for Community Empowerment Project Educational Media $50,000, Supporting Independent Caucus of Development NGO Networks Media in Southeast Asia $87,300, Deepening Democratic Governance through an Active Citizenry

Annual2011 Report | 31 CENTRAL AND EASTERNhe Endowment’s priority in Europe has been to assistEUROPE civil society in promoting government account- Tability and the reforms necessary for Euro-Atlantic integration. Since 1989, the prospects of EU and NATO accession have been key factors in fostering democratization in Eastern Europe. But while virtually all of the region’s governments have identified integration as a top priority, most appear unwilling to take the steps necessary to complete this process. In 2011, NED assisted independent organizations striving to consoli- date transitions and push officials to meet the requirements for integration.

Ukraine’s transition is facing its most significant chal- In response, NED boosted support to analytical centers lenge in the country’s 20 years of independence. Since that monitor officials and track the country’s backslid- its 2010 election, the Yanukovych government has rolled ing. With pressure mounting against civil society, NED back the gains of the Orange Revolution (see page 36). strengthened regional NGOs engaging in grassroots cam-

The Youth Communication Center promotes civic activism among young people in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

32 | National Endowment for Democracy Remembering VÁclav Havel CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE ormer Czech President Václav Havel died on De- Fcember 18, 2011. More so than any intellectual and political leader in the post-communist space, Havel used his position, voice and moral authority to advance struggles for freedom over more than three decades.

The Endowment had a long and fruitful partnership with the inspirational playwright, dissident, politician and icon. During the communist period in Czechoslo- vakia, NED helped to publish and disseminate Havel’s underground political and literary writings. NED's Polish grantees forged solidarity across borders by Václav Havel led the successful international campaign to give Chinese writer Liu Xiaobo the Nobel Peace Prize, launching it with an open letter meeting with Havel and Czech dissidents on the two to Chinese President Hu Jintao demanding Liu's release from prison. The countries’ “green border.” letter was delivered to the Chinese embassy in Prague on Jan 6, 2010 (pictured here), the 33rd anniversary of the day Havel himself was arrested In the new Czech Republic, NED contributed to realiz- for delivering the democracy manifesto Charter 77 to the Prague Castle. ing Havel’s conviction that “the creation of civil society On the 30th anniversary of Charter 77, Havel was is the primary task of our time,” as he declared in a 1994 awarded NED’s Democracy Service Medal for, among Journal of Democracy piece. After the country became a other reasons, the “unique sense of solidarity that member of NATO and the EU, the Endowment began bound [him] to dissident movements the world over.” working on a crossborder basis with NGOs created or At a January 6th memorial event, the Endowment paid aided by Havel, such as People in Need and Civic tribute to a great European whose actions and words Belarus, to share the lessons learned from the Czech still bring hope to those aspiring to a life of democratic experience with other states in transition and support freedom and human dignity. NED will continue help- democrats in Burma, Cuba, Belarus and other authori- ing Czech NGOs, whose leaders and activities were in- tarian states. spired by Havel, to carry on his legacy and work. paigns to foster local civic activism. Support also went to ing third sector resource centers, which have proven to be the traditional and new media outlets fostering freedom of best means of assisting local NGOs and independent media, the press, defending journalists, and informing citizens in Belarus’ regions. about the country’s direction. After breakthrough elections in 2009-2010,Moldova Following the flawed December 2010 presidential election emerged as one of the few success stories in the former and brutal crackdown spanning 2011, Belarus again be- Soviet space. The country, however, still faces many prob- came Europe’s pariah. In difficult conditions, NED increased lems, including faltering reforms and ineffective gover- support to core programs promoting human rights, freedom nance. Moldova also remains divided, with the rogue of information, political party building and the preservation region of Transnistria run by an authoritarian regime. In of civil society. Aiding the crackdown’s victims was a prior- 2011, NED supported civil society organizations moni- ity. Another focus was on strengthening independent me- toring and advocating for reforms while improving gov- dia reporting on the country’s political and economic crisis. ernment performace. NED also continued to support NED assisted scores of newspapers and websites. NED also groups nurturing civil society and promoting human helped to keep civil society alive and functioning by support- rights in Transnistria.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 33Annual2011 Report | 33 Grantee Spotlight ents. KDI, for example, led a coalition of NGOs in Eastern Europe: Building a successful initiative to nullify an article of Kosovo’s Law on Rights and Responsibilities of Parliament Parliamentary Accountability Members, which would have allowed MPs to begin collecting a pension 10 years earlier than other public olding politicians accountable for promised employees. OSF is contributing its monitoring results Hreforms is critical to promoting democratic and expertise to a new civic initiative “Chesno” (Hon- transitions and Euro-Atlantic integration in Eastern esty), which is increasing public awareness of candi- Europe. To this end, NED supported a series of civil dates and their platforms prior to Ukraine’s important society initiatives designed to reshape the idea of ac- October 2012 parliamentary elections. countability by providing average citizens with an opportunity to learn more about the performance of Similar programs promoting the accountability and their elected officials. transparency of executive and legislative bodies were also conducted at local levels. In Bosnia and Herze- In 2011, the Open Society Foundation — Ukraine govina, a monitoring effort by theYouth Movement (OSF) monitored the Verkhovna Rada, the Kosova Revolt found that, almost a year after being elected, Democratic Institute (KDI) tracked the performance the Tuzla Canton government had addressed less

CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE of the Assembly, and the MOST Citizens Association than 14 percent of its campaign promises. Follow- monitored Macedonia’s Sobranie. For the first time, a ing the flawed 2010 local elections, five branches of program monitoring Serbia’s parliament was launched the Committee of Voters of Ukraine monitored by the Center for Research, Transparency and newly-elected city councils and regional legislatures Accountability (CRTA). The NGOs painstakingly throughout the country, with a focus on the east. analyzed proceedings; judged compliance with laws One result was that the Odessa City Council passed and procedures; produced and publicized evaluations a regulation requiring the mayor and local deputies of institutional, party and personal performance, es- to produce public reports on every meeting with pecially through websites; and encouraged greater cit- constituents. izen understanding and oversight. In CRTA’s case, the monitoring required reviewing over 39,000 pages of transcripts. These efforts proved invaluable for holding government bodies accountable to their constitu-

The Center for Research, Transparency and Accountability (CRTA) The Kosova Democratic Institute (KDI) promotes its semiannual promotes the Open Parliament online tool fostering transparency and parliamentary monitoring scorecards. oversight of Serbia’s legislative body.

34 | National Endowment for Democracy Grantee Spotlight CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE sistance replaced confiscated equipment for more than Belarus: Reaching out 20 leading NGO, political party and independent me- to Political Prisoners dia groups. The NED support united the efforts of four leading human rights groups and more than 30 regional s democratic backsliding and attacks on civil soci- offices to assist victims, thereby not only building soli- Aety in parts of the Europe region increased, NED darity with activists and citizens but within the sector boosted its focus on human rights in 2011. More than itself. Thanks, in part, to this support, not a single NED a dozen programs provided direct assistance to victims partner ceased activities due to the crackdown. of abuses and promoted adherence to international human rights standards. The Moldovan NGO Promo-Lex Association assisted victims of abuses in another repressive part of Europe, Of immediate concern was Belarus, where NED as- the breakaway region of Transnistria. During an im- sisted human rights groups in responding to an unprec- portant election year, the authoritarian regime there edented crackdown following the flawed 2010 presi- also cracked down on civil society. In 2011, Promo-Lex dential election. After a series of protests that began on monitored and reported on the situation while pro- December 19, 2010, more than 3,500 NGO activists, viding legal aid to about 100 residents of Transnistria, politicians, journalists, students and ordinary citizens some of them victims of torture. The NGO has filed 88 were beaten, detained, arrested, imprisoned, expelled cases with the European Court of Human Rights and from schools or dismissed from jobs in 2011. Timely won 14. Promo-Lex also organized three international and sustained NED support helped more than 500 re- events and conducted numerous presentations, includ- pressed Belarusians and their families — including more ing one at NED, to bring attention to the territory’s than 40 political prisoners — to receive legal, humani- deplorable rights record. For its efforts to promote and tarian, medical, psychological and other aid. Dozens of defend human rights in Transnistria, Promo-Lex was offices of civil society groups were also raided. NED as- awarded a UN Human Rights Award in 2011.

With its faltering transition, Bosnia and Herzegovina Euro-Atlantic integration, especially building a construc- became NED’s leading priority in the Balkans. While the tive relationship with Kosovo. Ethnic unrest grew in trou- October 2010 election saw progress in bringing about bled regions, and intolerance and extremism still plague the greater issue-based rather than ethnic-based voting, it took country. As a result, NED supported youth NGOs working 14 months to form a government. A lack of dialogue and in multiethnic, vulnerable, and underdeveloped parts of the an ongoing political stalemate are blocking the country’s country, as well as those addressing persistent discrimina- European integration and even renewing fears of conflict. tion against minorities. Political and other special interests In response, the Endowment provided increased support in Serbia continued to put pressure on independent media. to watchdog, advocacy and policy initiatives promoting NED therefore promoted freedom of information through greater accountability and prodemocratic political insti- support for technical assistance, investigative journalism tutions. NED also assisted youth and independent me- training, and disseminating objective information. dia groups that fostered freedom of expression, instilled Europe’s newest state, Kosovo, continued to face seri- democratic values, and promoted a better understanding ous international and domestic challenges, and Kosovar of human rights among a new generation of political and society is still divided along ethnic lines. Pressure on free civic leaders. media and anticorruption NGOs grew. In 2011, NED Despite arresting two leading war criminals in 2011, supported programs monitoring accountability, boost- Serbia failed to meet all of the conditions necessary for ing transparency, and strengthening the country’s fragile

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 35Annual2011 Report | 35 Country Spotlight dangerous for Ukraine’s own transition but also under- Ukraine: Uncertainty mines the efforts of other democrats in the region who were inspired by the country’s example. ince gaining independence in 1991, Ukraine has Sstruggled to shrug off its communist legacy and To address this challenging environment, NED sup- establish itself as a democratic, European state, some- ported programs focusing on increased transparency thing that is vital for the future of Eastern Europe. Un- and accountability in all aspects and at levels of gov- fortunately, according to Freedom House’s Freedom in ernment. Sadly, the worsening situation has also meant the World 2012, “Ukraine has moved from a status of increasing support to human rights and media defense Free to Partly Free and suffered deterioration on most organizations, which had not been a NED priority for indicators.” The country’s course towards European in- several years. Given these challenges and uncertainties, tegration has been stymied by erratic and inconsistent support to civil society and other independent actors domestic and foreign policy. This situation is not only has become increasingly important. CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

Left: The Kremenchug City Committee of Youth Organizations held a forum for youth activists in Ukraine. Right: Participants of Kinocamp, a camp for youth interested in film and civil society, run by the Independent Association of Broadcasters in Ukraine. political institutions. NED particularly focused on sup- In 2011, NED continued to work with civil society in porting minority media, which faced difficult market Central Europe to assist democrats on a crossborder and conditions and struggled to maintain their objectivity regional basis in the former communist bloc and beyond. and independence. This work consisted primarily but not exclusively of Czech, Polish and Lithuanian NGOs sharing lessons learned, best While Albania and Macedonia have made progress to- practices and innovative program models with counter- wards Euro-Atlantic integration, their transitions have been parts in Russia’s regions, Belarus, Moldova, the Caucasus hampered by polarization between governing and opposi- and Central Asia. The projects transferred practical skills tion parties and flawed and contested elections. In 2011, in the fields of independent media, strengthening politi- NED supported some of the only programs that bridged the cal institutions and youth activism. A specific focus was political divide in these two countries by bringing together on reinvigorating the Community of Democracies during youth and women from different political parties. In Mace- Lithuania’s presidency. In 2011, the Europe Section also donia, NED contributed to a cleaner election by supporting launched its first crossborder programs to assist democratic new media accountability tools and election monitoring. activists in Egypt.

36 | National Endowment for Democracy Grantee Spotlight CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE other exposure to internation- Civic Education through Film al, independent culture, especially that dealing with human o counteract governmental neglect of human rights and democracy issues. Trights issues, NGOs in Eastern Europe are developing civic education tools that use popular media to Already Kosovo’s most suc- promote a better and broader understanding of hu- cessful grassroots initiative man rights. In 2011, NED supported a series of hu- and the most prominent man rights film festivals that used documentary films documentary festival in the and other popular media to raise awareness of politi- Balkans, DokuFest expand- cal repression and minority rights, support freedom of ed its activities to include speech and independent media, increase interethnic weekly screenings of socially- Poster promoting the and intercultural understanding, and stimulate discus- themed films for secondary human rights-oriented sion on events of the recent past. school students throughout MAKEDOX documentary film festival in Macedonia. the year. To reach more Kos- During DokuFest in Kosovo, Pravo ljudski in Bos- ovar youth and introduce the nia and Herzegovina, MakeDox in Macedonia, use of documentaries into civic education school cur- VIVISECTfest in Serbia, and Docudays UA and ricula, DokuFest teamed up with the Prague-based Kinomedia in Ukraine, tens of thousands of citizens People in Need, whose award-winning “One World attended several hundred film screenings, photo exhi- in Schools” program uses documentary films and bitions, discussions, workshops, debates, exhibitions other audiovisual materials to educate students from and concerts focusing on pressing human rights issues. elementary schools to universities on human rights The festivals were reported on in more than 750 stories and democracy. Thanks to this sharing of experienc- appearing in newspapers and on radio, television and es, DokuFest established cinema clubs to screen its the Internet. Organizing the events involved bringing documentaries at high schools in two cities in south- together scores of local NGOs and other civil society ern Kosovo. Pravo ljudski has joined the effort and partners. The events were not confined to cultural now uses a selection of its films to conduct human elites in country capitals. MakeDox travelled to six ru- rights education programs for students in five cities ral communities around Macedonia, VIVISECTfest in both entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina. These visited 13 cities in Serbia, and Kinomedia took place efforts have inspired MakeDox to pilot the same pro- in six regions of Ukraine, as well as Crimea. With a gram in Macedonia in 2012. The three festivals have travelling edition that reached more than 100 Ukrai- come together to form an informal regional network nian cities, Docudays covered more national territory to share best practices and support each other’s ef- than any other single-country film festival in Europe. forts to integrate the use of documentary films into Many of the locales visited by these festivals have no high school curricula throughout the Balkans.

Left: At the Pravo ljudski human rights film festival. Right: The "One World in Schools" program reaches out to students of all ages to educate them about human rights and democracy. Annual2011 Report | 37 Central and Eastern Europe | 2011 Grants

For more detailed descriptions of these grants, please visit www.NED.org/where-we-work

Center for Informative Transparency International Albania Decontamination of Youth Bosnia and Herzegovina Center for International $40,000, Promoting Political $50,000, Combating Conflict of Interest Private Enterprise Debate Among Youth $195,741, Building an Effective Why Not Public-Private Dialogue Center for Investigative Reporting $56,000, Promoting the Accountability $51,000, Promoting Transparency of Elected Officials Center for Public Information Issues of Public Financing $30,000, Promoting the Accountability Youth Communication Center of Local Government Center for Policy and Governance $45,000, Promoting Civic $41,000, Promoting Accountability Participation among Youth European Movement in Albania of Policymakers $35,880, Promoting Youth Youth Cultural Center Abrasevic Participation in Local Government Foundation for Creative Development $41,000, Encouraging Public $43,500, Promoting Civic Debate in Herzegovina MJAFT! Movement Activism through Television $36,000, Encouraging Public Youth Initiative for Human Rights Debate in Albania Mozaik Foundation - Bosnia and Herzegovina $30,000, Strengthening Youth Participation $42,000, Promoting Ethnic and National Democratic Institute in Decision-Making Processes Historical Reconciliation for International Affairs $295,000, Advancing Women’s Leadership National Democratic Institute Youth Movement “Revolt” through the Women’s Network for International Affairs $30,000, Promoting Government $525,000, Promoting Local Transparency and Accountability Youth in Free Initiative Public Policy Development $40,000, Promoting Youth Activism in Northern Albania Ostra Nula Kosovo $24,700, Promoting Government Transparency and Accountability Association of Independent Broadcast Media of Kosovo Belarus Pravo ljudski $21,700, Supporting Minority Freedom of Information $41,250, Promoting Human Media in Kosovo $1,231,045 Rights through Film Balkan Investigative Reporting NGO Strengthening Press Council in Bosnia and Herzegovina Network Kosovo $766,498 $37,850, Encouraging Professional $54,400, Promoting Open Media Reporting Human Rights Debate and Accountability $715,839 Studio 88 Center for International $40,875, Strengthening Local Private Enterprise Political Processes Independent Media $550,000 $146,758, Strengthening Public Procurement and Governance Civil Society $312,483 Bosnia and Spending by program focus in Central and Eastern Europe, 2011

Herzegovina $2,032,683 Accountability Alternativna Televizija (ATV) $2,607,600 $47,000, Promoting Civic Education Investigative Journalism $803,069 Association of Independent Conflict Resolution $172,751 Creators and Activists (GETO) $330,100 $29,218, Promoting Youth Activism Democratic Ideals and Values $797,678 Balkan Investigative Reporting Developing Market Economy Network Bosnia and Herzegovina $39,500, Fostering Objective Freedom of Information Reporting on War Crimes Trials $806,304 $3,647,467 Center for Civic Cooperation-Livno Human Rights $24,500, Promoting Citizen Participation in Local Government NGO Strengthening

Center for Development of $3,068,198 Political Processes Media and Analysis $42,700, Promoting Transparency Strengthening Political Institutions and Accountability $1,713,442

38 | National Endowment for Democracy AFRICA

Left: Vojvodjanka - Regional Women's Initiative uses innovative campaigns to advocate the observation of basic democratic values and human rights. Center: Promotional materials for Kosovo 2.0 magazine and web portal. Right: A small grant awarded by Heartefact Fund raised awareness about war crimes committed during the conflict in Kosovo.

Center for Peace and Tolerance $36,300, Promoting Diversity and Macedonia Moldova Cooperation through Media Association for Citizen Association for Participatory Tolerance and Cooperation Democracy ADEPT DokuFest $41,440, Promoting Transparency $25,892, Educating and Mobilizing Voters $40,400, Promoting Democratic Values and Accountability and Human Rights through Film Association of Broadcasters Center for Regional Policy Research “AICI Network” Forum for Civic Initiatives and Cooperation “Studiorum” $36,113, Promoting Freedom $45,000, Promoting Oversight $40,000, Advancing Human of Information of Security Institutions Rights in Macedonia East European Democratic Center INC Network of Radio Stations Center for Research and Policy Making $54,282, Increasing the Professionalism $36,200, Fostering Crossborder $20,000, Encouraging Dialogue and of the Moldovan Third Sector Media Cooperation and Dialogue Cooperation between Young Leaders Eco-Razeni Public Association Initiative for Progress MakeDox $18,275, Strengthening Civic $39,200, Promoting Transparency and $22,000, Raising Human Rights Participation at the Local Level Accountability in Southeastern Kosovo Awareness through Film Eco-TIRAS International Environmental Institute for Advanced Studies GAP Metamorphosis Foundation Association of River Keepers $42,000, Strengthening $40,000, Promoting the $37,888, Strengthening Civil Democratic Institutions Accountability of Public Officials Society in Transnistria Kosova Democratic Institute MOST Citizens Association Independent Journalism Center (IJC) $45,000, Promoting the Transparency $80,000, Promoting the Transparency $30,000, Strengthening and Accountability of the Parliament and Accountability of the Parliament Independent Journalism Kosova Live News Agency National Democratic Institute Institute for Development and $51,400, Supporting for International Affairs Independent Local Media Social Initiatives (IDIS) Viitorul $180,000, Strengthening Citizen $37,600, Supporting Moldova’s Kosovo Glocal Involvement in the Legislative Process Democratic Transition $27,365, Promoting Open Debate Ohrid Institute for Economic and Democratic Values Institute for Public Policy - Romania Strategies and International Affairs $48,482, Promoting Accountability National Democratic Institute $50,000, Encouraging Youth of Elected Officials for International Affairs Political Dialogue Institute of Health and Medical $50,000, Youth Advocacy and Transparency International - Macedonia Community Leadership Social Assistance from the $50,000, Empowering Citizens in Republic of Moldova Radio KIM the Fight against Corruption $16,623, Promoting Reform in $33,330, Supporting Minority Media Moldova’s Health Sector Youth Cultural Center - Bitola Speak Up $44,355, Promoting Youth Civic International Republican Institute $31,000, Combating Corruption Participation at the Local Level $300,000, Promoting through Public Oversight Democratic Governance Youth Educational Forum Youth Initiative for Human $40,000, Fostering Youth NGO Center Contact Rights - Kosovo Activism in Macedonia $20,156, Strengthening Civic $51,800, Promoting Tolerance and Participation at the Local Level Reconciliation through Youth Activism NGO Perspectiva $15,939, Promoting Youth Activism in Rural Moldova Annual2011 Report | 39 People in Need Novi Sad School of Journalism Center for the Study of Social $56,250, Fostering Crossborder $58,000, Raising Awareness Processes and Humanitarian Issues Networking and Activism in Moldova about Dangers of Corruption $29,731, Monitoring Sociopolitical Processes PROMO-LEX Association Regional Center for Minorities $78,192, Strengthening Civil $29,800, Promoting Implementation Center UA Society in Transnistria of the Anti-discrimination Law $24,580, Promoting the Accountability of Public Officials Public Association “Lawyers Resource Center Leskovac for Human Rights” $30,800, Promoting Youth Chernihiv City Youth Organization $12,208, Promoting Awareness Activism in Southern Serbia “Educational Centre “Initiative” of Human Rights $29,804, Chernigiv City Youth Organization Urban In ‘Educational Center ‘Initiative’ Transitions Online $38,000, Promoting Open $44,156, Developing the New Debate in Sandzak Chernivtsi Committee of Media Community Vojvodjanka - Regional Voters of Ukraine $26,794, Promoting Accountability Women’s Initiative in Southwestern Ukraine Serbia $50,000, Raising Awareness about Human Rights Democratic Initiatives Foundation Association of Local Independent $39,940, Strengthening Think Tanks Media “Local Press” Youth Center CK13 $40,000, Strengthening Local $26,986, Fostering Youth Activism Donetsk Committee of Voters of Ukraine Independent Media $46,310, Promoting NGO Zajecar Initiative Networking in Eastern Ukraine Center for Civil Resources Development $48,900, Promoting Youth $40,586, Fostering Freedom of Activism in Eastern Serbia “Donetsk Press Club” Expression, Tolerance and Reconciliation $37,383, Fostering Freedom of Information Center for International Ukraine East European Democratic Center

CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE Private Enterprise $64,395, Strengthening the Third Association “Ukrainian Helsinki $256,569, Strengthening Sector in Southern Ukraine Human Rights Union” the Voice of Business $45,190, Informing the Public about Europe XXI Foundation Center for Research, Transparency Human Rights Issues in Ukraine $45,990, Promoting Youth Participation and Accountability Civic Organization “Young Rukh” Foundation for the Development $48,750, Promoting the Transparency $43,738, Promoting Tolerance of the City of Mykolaiv and Accountability of the Parliament among Ukrainian Youth $25,005, Strengthening Civil Center for Research, Transparency Society in Southern Ukraine Association of Ukrainian Law and Accountability Enforcement Monitors Human Rights Center “Postup” $47,000, Promoting the $45,070, Monitoring Human Rights $22,580, Protecting Youth Against Accountability of Public Officials Compliance of Law Enforcement Police Abuse in Eastern Ukraine E-Novine Agencies in Ukraine Independent Association $41,850, Encouraging Debate Bukovyna Partnership Agency of Broadcasters on Media Responsibility $24,445, Promoting Local Dialogue $46,171, Promoting Youth Hourglass Human Rights Awareness Center for Creative Initiatives $39,700, Encouraging Public East Ukraine Independent Center of Political Debate in Serbia $14,886, Promoting Local Government Researchers and Journalists Independent Journalists’ Transparency in Eastern Ukraine $32,350, Analyzing Regional Association of Serbia Security in Crimea Center for International $31,500, Promoting Private Enterprise Institute of Mass Information Investigative Journalism $163,262, Improving Governance $34,490, Monitoring Freedom Independent Journalists’ in the SME Sector of the Press in Ukraine Association of Vojvodina Center for International Institute of Political Education $29,800, Promoting Debate Private Enterprise $45,890, Strengthening Local Democracy on Decentralization $217,915, Business Association International Republican Institute Lawyers Committee for Human Rights Capacity -- Phase II $100,000, Promoting Effective $44,700, Promoting Debate on Center for Political Studies and Analysis Governance in Cherkasy Constitutional Reforms $16,430, Increasing Transparency of International Republican Institute Millennium Public Sector Spending in Ukraine $100,000, Fostering a Better Election Code $29,900, Promoting Democratic Center for Research on Social Ideas in Central Serbia Kharkiv Committee of Voters of Ukraine Perspectives in the Donbas $24,240, Promoting Accountability National Coalition for Decentralization $48,850, Supporting Regional Media in Northeastern Ukraine $43,950, Promoting Center for Society Research Decentralization in Serbia Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group $29,855, Promoting Freedom of Assembly $47,040, Providing Information NIP Vranjske and Analysis of Human Rights $20,000, Promoting Interethnic Center for Support of Civic and Dialogue in Southern Serbia Cultural Initiatives “Tamarisk” $28,285, Strengthening NGO Networks in Ukraine’s East

40 | National Endowment for Democracy Kherson City Association of Makhuldyur Association National Democratic Institute Journalists “South” $23,220, Strengthening for International Affairs CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE $42,061, Promoting Human Communities in Crimea $295,000, Political Party Rights through a Film Festival Development and Policymaking Ukrainian Catholic University Kremenchug City Committee $50,000, Promoting Religious Freedom People in Need of Youth Organizations $50,000, Promoting Democratic Values Ukrainian Center for Economic $27,760, Civic Initiatives in Poltava and Human Rights through Film and Political Research Named and Cherkassy Regions After Oleksandr Razumkov Why Not Lion Society $40,000, Analyzing Ukraine’s $40,000, Promoting Accountability $49,896, Promoting Local Activism Democratic Development through New Media Luhansk Regional Public Organization Ukrainian Center for Independent Youth Initiative for Human Business Club “European Choice” Political Research Rights- Serbia $21,200, Strengthening Democratic $99,970, Advancing Democratic $200,000, Advancing the Process of Ethnic Ideas among Ukrainian Youth and Political Stability Reconciliation in the Former Yugoslavia Lviv Committee of Voters of Ukraine Ukrainian Youth Association of Ukraine $17,900, Promoting Accountability $42,450, Strengthening Youth Europe Regional in Western Ukraine Activism in Eastern Ukraine Danish Association for National Democratic Institute Vinnytsia Youth Organization Investigative Journalists for International Affairs “Nashe Podillya” $21,150, Danish Association for $368,000, Galvanizing Civic and Political $52,011, Community Initiatives Investigative Journalists Activism through Petition Drives Youth Alternative DEMAS - Association for Democracy Odesa Committee of Voters of Ukraine $80,587, Preparing the Future Leaders Assistance and Human Rights $44,100, Promoting Accountability and $52,590, Building Capacity to Assist Zakarpattya Regional Organization Transparency in Southern Ukraine Civil Society in Europe and Eurasia of Committee of Voters of Ukraine Open Society Foundation - Ukraine $18,270, Promoting Accountability European Institute for Democracy $55,000, Promoting Accountability in Southwestern Ukraine $37,943, Strengthening the in the Legislature Civil Society Dimension of the Community of Democracies Our House - Svatovschina Southeastern $20,049, Strengthening Civil Foundation Center for Society in Luhansk Region Europe Regional International Relations $23,800, Fostering Crossborder Pylyp Orlyk Institute for Democracy Access Info Europe Democracy-Building Programs $77,050, Consolidating Civil $43,900, Improving the Skills of Society in Ukraine’s Regions Investigative Journalists Institute of Democratic Politics $45,901, Strengthening Regional Press Development Institute Balkan Investigative Reporting the Youth Dimension of the $55,578, Promoting Government Network Regional Community of Democracies Transparency $52,662, Supporting the Professional Development of Independent Journalists International Republican Institute Regional Resource Agency $1,200,000, Democracy Support Crimea Perspective Beta News Agency $24,215, Strengthening Civic $54,000, Supporting Local International Republican Institute Oversight in Crimea Independent Media $150,000, Training Institute School for Policy Analysis of EUROPEUM Institute for International Republican Institute the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy European Policy $50,000, Assistance to The $53,200, Building Civil Society by Involving $40,600, Fostering Debate on Parliamentary Forum for Democracy the Public in Constitutional Reform European Integration National Democratic Institute Smoloskyp Heartefact Fund for International Affairs $38,236, Promoting Youth $65,950, Strengthening the $500,000, Empowering and Engaging Participation in Ukraine Capacity of Small NGOs Roma in the Political Process Social Action Center International Republican Institute $24,380, Protecting the Rights of Refugees $250,000, Encouraging Citizen Oversight to Improve Western Sumy Regional Committee Balkans Fiscal Governance of Youth Organizations $32,731, Promoting Civic Activism Johns Hopkins University in Northeastern Ukraine $14,748, Fostering Regional Dialogue and Cooperation in the Western Balkans Sumy Regional Committee of Youth Organizations National Democratic Institute $68,553, Promoting Civic Activism for International Affairs in Northeastern Ukraine $250,000, Strengthening Western Balkan Legislatures Telekritika $69,444, Promoting a Pluralistic and Balanced Media Environment in Ukraine

Annual2011 Report | 41 n 2011 Eurasia witnessed several watershed events, which indicated deep-seated public dissatisfaction and IEURASIAa growing capacity for sustained protest. This new activism galvanized civil society throughout the region and NED partners sought to support the growing popular demand for accountability, transparency, and adherence to human rights norms.

In Russia, the December 2011 State Duma elections rep- In the Caucasus, 2011 was also marked by increased politi- resented a decisive moment for Russian society. Despite a cal activity as Armenia and Georgia began preparations for near monopoly on media, the abuse of administrative re- 2012 parliamentary elections, while Azerbaijan experienced sources, and massive electoral fraud, United Russia received a wave of repression. In Armenia, opposition protests led less than 50 percent of the vote. Two rallies in December to talks between the government and the main opposition protesting election fraud unified broad segments of Rus- bloc, which in turn yielded important concessions, includ- sian society with an emerging protest movement which ing permission to hold rallies in symbolic locations and an seeks free elections and the release of political prisoners. amnesty of all political prisoners. NED has increased sup- Although unable to achieve these goals in the short term, port for civic activism on issues of public concern, including a new generation of Russian activists continued to work to- the deaths of Armenian soldiers during peacetime, as docu- ward these goals through online activism. The paramount mented by NED grantee Journalists’ Club Asparez, and the priorities for Russian civil society and NED grantees were release of political prisoners, driven by the activism of Shah- the protection of the freedoms of assembly and association, khatun Women’s Democracy Promotion NGO. as well as human rights monitoring and reporting. NED In Georgia, civic organizations and political parties began grantees, including the Levada Center and the think tank preparations for the 2012 parliamentary elections, which “Panorama,” focused on voter education, monitoring, in- (continued on page 44) formation dissemination, and public opinion polling. The League of Women Voters helped organize a rally in support of the freedom of assembly on Palace Square in St. Petersburg in August 2011.

42 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Left: A client receives a legal consultation from the Ural Human Rights Group staff in Russia's Chelyabinsk region. Right: A man visits the 12Km Moscow Tract memorial of the Stalinist repressions.

Country Spotlight election monitoring. Golos Svobody, Kylym Shamy, Kyrgyz Republic and the Jalalabad network of human rights organizations Spravedlivost monitored and publicized hu- n the first year since the bloody overthrow of Presi- man rights abuses while advocating for judicial and Ident Bakiev and the ethnic riots that swept the coun- security reforms. NDI, IRI, the Coalition for De- try’s south, the Kyrgyz Republic made important strides mocracy and Civil Society, and the Central Asian towards restoring stability and introducing democratic Free Market Institute (among others) monitored reforms. Despite greater openness and political competi- the reform process, particularly as it pertained to the tion, however, serious flaws remained in the treatment of development of the new parliamentary system. national minorities, due process, judicial independence, Other organizations focused on fostering the devel- corruption, and government transparency and account- opment of professional and objective multilingual ability. Civil society groups in the country learned the media, and promoting the democratic development lessons of the failed democratic transition following the of political institutions in the country. In a country so revolution of 2005, and played a crucial role as a watch- recently affected by violence, support to civil society dog of the democratic reform process. remains crucial. In 2011, NED allocated almost half of its Central Asia budget to programs in the Kyrgyz Republic, including grants to each of the four core institutes. NED supported projects in eight program focus areas, with a particular emphasis on human rights, conflict resolution, accountability, and freedom of information. NED responded to rapidly to changing conditions on the ground and supported a variety of programs that reflected the changing priorities for civil society throughout the year. NED’s partners worked at the local and national levels in every region of the country, and their programs were varied and wide-ranging. National Democratic In- stitute, the International Republican Institute, Taza Shailoo, and the Coalition for Democracy Participants in the Institute for Public Policy’s Advanced School of and Civil Society supported voter education and Mediation (Kyrgyzstan) develop their conflict resolution skills.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 43Annual2011 Report | 43 will be a historical crossroads for Georgia’s democractic The most severe crackdown on activists in the region oc- development. NED’s partners in Georgia focus on sup- curred in Azerbaijan, where youth groups, academics, porting democratic political processes and instilling dem- political activists and NGOs became the targets of gov- ocratic values. The International Society for Fair Election ernment repression. The government also accelerated its and Democracy (ISFED) conducted a national audit of the efforts to renovate downtown Baku, involving the demoli- voter lists, an area which was particularly problematic dur- tion of several whole neighborhoods, dislocating hundreds ing the 2003 elections. Media projects including televised of people without adequate compensation. Those build- talk shows produced by Studio Re, radio talk shows from ings demolished included the offices of long-time NED NGO Abkhazia Info, and investigative reporting produced grantee, the Society of Women of Azerbaijan for Peace by Studio Monitor that provided independent, objective and Democracy in the Caucasus. Another grantee, Pub- information to Georgian society. lic Forum “For Azerbaijan”, became the target of a smear

Grantee Spotlight In 2011, Shahkhatun staff supported 10 such appeals ARMENIA to the ECHR. These cases included those of Artak Nazaryan, an Armenian army officer whose death

EURASIA Due process for political prisoners was ruled a suicide despite numerous bruises to his face and body, and Grigor Voskerchyan, the for- n Armenia, Shahkhatun Women’s Democracy mer mayor of Abovyan who was imprisoned for 16 IPromotion NGO played a crucial role in obtain- months after being found guilty of “organizing mass ing the release of political prisoners. The organiza- public disturbances related to the protests in spring tion’s strategically timed protests and savvy outreach of 2008.” The organization held regular pickets out- to international organizations contributed to the reside the Prosecutor General’s Office in Yerevan to lease of all of remaining political prisoners in Armenia demand the release of all political prisoners. These during a gen- weekly protests inspired copycat protests in regional eral amnesty cities and helped to create a national demand for the in May 2011. release of political prisoners. The organization began Shahkhatun received increased international atten- as a group of tion this year, and the organization held meetings wives, sisters, with Margaret Sekaggya, the UN Special Rapporteur and other rela- for Human Rights Defenders and received frequent tives of politi- coverage in Armenian media outlets. To keep political prisoners cal prisoners in the public eye, Shahkhatun produced working to four films on human rights themes. These films were obtain due shared through mobile phones, Facebook, and iPods process of law and were posted to the organization’s website, www. for their loved shahkhatun.am. The short film series, known as Pro- The Shahkhatun Women’s Democracy ones and in- jections, won second prize out of over 450 entries Promotion NGO held weekly pickets outside the form the pub- at the POPOK International Advertising Festival Prosecutor General's Office in Armenia. lic about their in October 2011. In a very short period, the organi- plight. With zation has become a leading voice in the Armenian NED funding, the organization was able to expand NGO sector. As Armenia enters the pre-2012 elec- its activities to include legal assistance for political tion period and political persecution increases, the prisoners and developing cases for submission to the work of Shahkhatun will remain integral to Armenia’s European Court of Human Rights. struggle for democracy.

44 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Left: Yekaterinburg Memorial staff hand out the organization's newsletter to people visiting the 12Km Moscow Trackt memorial of the Stalinist repressions. Right: A protestor demanding political competition is detained in Baku, Azerbaijan (image courtesy of grantee Institute for Reporter Freedom and Safety).

campaign in government-backed media provoked by its dress ongoing ethnic tensions and mistreatment of national success in recruiting highly-regarded members of the intel- minorities, lack of due process of the law, corruption, and ligentsia to campaign for increased liberalism in the coun- lack of judicial independence. try. In this context, NED assisted international advocacy Elsewhere in Central Asia, governments remained largely efforts, including the Sing for Democracy campaign aimed authoritarian throughout 2011. In Kazakhstan, the pres- at raising awareness of Azerbaijan’s democratic shortcom- idential and parliamentary elections, which were criticized ings in the run-up to the May 2012 Eurovision contest in for lacking real political competition, ensured that President Baku. NED has also emphasized support for forums where Nazarbayev and the ruling Nur-Otan party would remain democratic activists can gather to discuss important issues in power. Space for civic and political participation contin- and introduce young people to democratic ideas and val- ued to shrink as independent NGOs, media organizations, ues. Such programs include the Center for National and trade unions and political activists were subjected to in- International Studies, which brings together Azerbaijani creasing pressure by the government. In a particularly stark and Turkish activists to draw parallels between the political example, the police violently broke up a protest by striking cultures in the two countries, and the FAR Center, where oil workers in Zhanaozen, killing at least 16 unarmed pro- experienced civic activists provide advice and resources for testors. To address these challenges, NED programs includ- youth groups. ed monitoring and reporting on freedom of assembly and Meanwhile, in Central Asia, the Kyrgyz Republic pre- defending human rights activists and independent media. sented the most promise for democratic development in the In Tajikistan, the government continued its assault on near term. Since the April 2010 overthrow of the Bakiev religious freedom by shutting down mosques where imams regime, the country has successfully reformed its constitu- have criticized state policies, exerting pressure on ma- tional system and held three competitive national elections. drasahs to adopt a government-approved curriculum, and In December 2011, Interim President Otunbaeva became seeking to marginalize the Islamic Renaissance Party. NED the first Central Asian leader to stand down at the end of programs attempted to counter these trends by support- her term. However, the Kyrgyz Republic still needs to ad- ing Asia Plus’s new website aimed at providing objective

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 45Annual2011 Report | 45 Grantee Spotlight zens’ daily lives, RUSSIA the Vibor 33 web- Crowdsourcing local site gives Vladimir investigative reporting residents an opportunity to dis- vents in 2011 in Russian politics, cuss local issues, Eincluding post-election protests and to connect and the election of independent can- those issues to gov- didates for mayor, regional duma and ernment policies. local assemblies across Russia, high- Lebed’s regional lighted the importance of local activ- correspondents ists who can identify regional issues Lebed’s website Vibor 33 keeps citizens in Vladimir oblast covered develop- and rally citizens around them. One informed and connected. ments in local leg- such organization is the Intellectual islatures, electoral Public Movement “Lebed.” Located in Vladimir, campaigns, and social initiatives. Moreover, the on- 120 miles east of Moscow, Lebed exemplifies how In- line activism has led to concrete results. Vibor33 and ternet technology has been used to inform, connect its readers have been involved in stopping the illegal EURASIA and inspire young activists in Russia. With Endow- construction of a nuclear power plant, campaigning ment support, Lebed maintains a website called Vibor to continue direct elections of the Vladimir mayor, 33 (www.vibor33.ru) or Choice 33 in English, where and in supporting the election of new officials in the the number 33 is the license plate code for Vladimir March 2011 local elections. While Lebed’s Internet oblast. Since October 2010, Lebed has also hosted presence has drawn significant support from the re- a “Map of problems of Vladimir,” where citizens can gion's youth and digerati, its efforts to ensure greater report problems including public nuisances, ecologi- transparency and accountability resonate with a broad cal hazards, social problems and housing issues. Lebed cross section of Vladimir’s population. This conflu- has followed up on many reports, and, thanks to their ence of real-world and online activism is especially status as a registered media organization, the govern- important given Russia’s soaring Internet audience, ment is obligated to respond to their inquiries within which is among the fastest growing in the world with seven days, which has created both legal and public over 90 percent of market growth in rural areas such pressure to address the problems as Vladimir. Lebed's project has served as a litmus test for providing not only an alternative to Russia’s state- In a country where virtually all attention is focused controlled media, but also an outlet for an increasingly on Moscow and politics can seem remote from citi- active and engaged population.

news and analysis on religious issues. Independent media, rate. NED’s programs were aimed at redressing some of the however, was another target of the government’s oppressive most egregious human rights violations by providing legal policies. NANSMIT, a NED grantee and leading advocate aid to citizens, monitoring human rights in prison colonies, for media freedom, offered legal assistance to persecuted and providing alternative news and information to audi- journalists throughout the year, including to the director of ences inside and outside of the country. “Fourth Power,” a NED grantee in Khujand who was sen- Finally, Uzbekistan offered little hope for any improve- tenced to prison for his journalism work. ment in the government’s respect for political, civil, and hu- Meanwhile, the government in Turkmenistan continued man rights. NED’s programs focused on educating citizens to restrict access to alternative sources of information, and about their basic human rights and providing free legal aid the country’s human rights situation continued to deterio- to the most vulnerable segments of society.

46 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Left: A student demonstrates what she has learned at a seminar on cooperation between youth and police in the Dagestan Republic, Russia, led by Nonviolence International. Right: After the December 2011 parliamentary elections, an activist holds a sign that says "Think, know the laws, demand!" with a copy of the Russian constitution.

IHR adapted its legal assistance to its clients by tailor- Grantee Spotlight ing assistance for individuals who wanted to stay off CENTRAL ASIA the court dockets for fear of discovery. This approach became necessary following the kidnapping of a Tajik Extending legal rights to refugees client after he was granted amnesty status in Russia. As these extra-legal tactics have risen in popularity in Cen- he Moscow-based Autonomous Non-Commercial tral Asian countries, IHR has adapted its program to ac- TOrganization Institute of Human Rights (IHR) commodate increasing fear among its clients while still works to encourage governments in Russia and Central providing quality legal assistance. Asia to respect international legal commitments and to promote domestic Russian legal reforms that bring The Institute has won several milestone court cases legislation in line with international human rights stan- before the European Court of Human Rights, which dards. Through its NED-supported program, the Insti- has positively influenced how such cases are handled tute provides legal assistance to refugees from Central in Russian courts. For example, in 10 cases pursued Asia who are being prosecuted on spurious charges or by IHR, the Russian General Prosecutor’s office -ei are threatened with illegal deportation or extradition. ther prevented extradition or cancelled deportation, When necessary and after all domestic remedies have a de facto means of extradition. One of the decisions been exhausted, the Institute prepares and submits se- released by the Russian General Prosecutor’s office -di lect cases before international legal bodies such as the rectly reflected a decision rendered by the ECHR in European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). 2010, which was a first for the organization and which provides tangible hope for future extradition cases. IHR’s clients have included, among others, ethnic Uzbeks who fled southern Kyrgyzstan after ethnic clashes in spring With the continuing attacks against civil and political 2010; Tajiks being persecuted on religious grounds; and activists in Central Asia, the Institute’s program will political and religious refugees from Uzbekistan, includ- continue to offer an invaluable resource for protection ing civic and political activists. Over the past several years, against extra-legal and extrajudicial persecution based the Institute has won a number of important victories. on ethnic or religious grounds.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 47Annual2011 Report | 47 Eurasia | 2011 Grants

For more detailed descriptions of these grants, please visit www.NED.org/where-we-work

“Uluchay” Social-Economic Center for Economic and Political Armenia Innovation Center Research “FAR Center” Meltex Ltd. $36,150, Sheki Youth Information Center $61,410, Youth Resource Center $62,960, Internet Broadcasting Republicanist Alternative Janub Khabarlari Helsinki Citizens’ Assembly – Vanadzor $28,250, Developing a Democratic Agenda $42,700, Promoting Independent $43,550, Training and Networking Regional News for Young Human Rights Activists Public Forum “For Azerbaijan” $28,200, Open Forum: Dialogue on Reform Human Rights Club – Azerbaijan Helsinki Association $29,450, Eurovision and Human Rights $48,600, Defending Human Rights Society of Women of Azerbaijan for Peace and Democracy in the Caucasus Center for National and Investigative Journalists NGO $30,225, Independent Think Tank International Studies $47,000, Independent News Website $69,370, Democratic Values Azerbaijan Lawyers Association in Azerbaijan and Turkey Chap, LLC $36,360, Defending the $40,140, GALA Television Political Rights of Citizens Media Rights Center $34,582, ‘Free Space’ Website Shahkhatun Women’s Ganjabasar Newspaper Democracy Promotion NGO $42,200, Ganjabasar Newspaper Public Union “Democracy and $45,180, Organizing Women Human Rights Resource Centre” “Legal Help” Public Association for Political Action $40,000, Promoting International $33,502, Human Rights Human Rights Standards Committee to Protect Education in the South Freedom of Expression $31,000, Monitoring Government Turan News Agency Georgia Information Sources $50,400, Contact.com: An Internet Newspaper NGO Abkhazia Info Caucasus Center of Peace- $42,645, Radio Talk Show Making Initiatives Ol! Azerbaijan Youth Movement $34,100, Mock Court for Human Rights $39,640, Free Thought University Nonprofit Organization Studio Monitor $18,512, Investigative Reporting Journalists’ Club “Asparez” NGO Institute for Reporter $29,100, Protecting Soldiers’ Rights Freedom and Safety Partnership for Social Initiatives $74,250, Defending $56,000, Assessing Democratic Reforms Democracy School Independent Journalism $44,950, Democracy School Human Rights House – Tbilisi Alliance of Women for Civil Society $30,000, Human Rights Media Center $39,700, Model Public Hearings Azerbaijan Regional Cooperation and Community Development Center $29,580, Local Advocacy Spending by program focus in Eurasia, 2011 and Resource Centers Accountability $719,981 Social Union of Legal Education $937,353 of Sumgait Youth Civic Education $671,679 $55,900, Supporting Civil $278,706 Society in the Regions $138,406 Conflict Resolution Public Association for Assistance $596,498 Democratic Ideals and Values to Free Economy $863,718 $40,250, Defending the Developing Market Economy Property Rights of Citizens $619,437 Human Rights Center of Azerbaijan Freedom of Association $32,460, Center for Strategic Litigation on Women’s Rights $835,017 Freedom of Information

Institute for Reporter Human Rights Freedom and Safety $2,082,760 $349,999 $25,125, Internet TV NGO Strengthening “Young Leaders” Education, Political Processes Training and Development Union $47,140, Ganja Media Center Rule of Law Internews Azerbaijan Public Association $2,292,564 $33,000, Youth Television Program Strengthening Political Institutions

48 | National Endowment for Democracy AFRICA

Left: Youth volunteers with Kylym Shamy participate in a protest in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Right: Audience members participate in discussion at Free Thought University run by Ol! Azerbaijan Youth Movement.

Association “Studio Re” Nonprofit Organization Studio Monitor Kazakhstan International Bureau of $76,900, Televised Talk Shows $35,000, Investigative Reporting Human Rights and Rule of Law $74,000, Supporting Human Rights Centers International Society for Fair Union Article 42 of the Constitution Elections and Democracy $37,838, Promoting Implementation $55,400, Voter List Audit of Georgia’s Criminal Code Kyrgyz Republic Former Political Prisoners Newspaper “Akhali Gazeti” Public Fund “System P” for Human Rights $27,672, Investigative Journalism $37,421, Internet News $34,500, Strengthening Human Rights Independent newspaper “De-facto” Human Rights Center Kazakhstan $55,100, Promoting Independent $48,450, Legal Aid and Human Kyrgyz-language Media Legal Policy Research Centre (LPRC) Rights Monitoring in Georgia $50,000, Strategic Litigation Rural Development Fund Independent Journalists’ House before UN Committees $27,096, Conflict Resolution $39,000, Developing Democratic Ideas Using Peer Knowledge National Association of TV and Internews Georgia Radio Broadcasters of Kazakhstan Public Fund “Door Media” $29,850, Independent Web Site: Media.Ge $75,520, Legal Support for Regional Media $38,327, Television Talk Shows “The Rustavi News” Newspaper Kazakhstan International Bureau of Institute for Public Policy $34,750, Supporting Regional Newspapers Human Rights and Rule of Law $50,310, Advanced School for Mediators $52,300, Human Rights Centers Caucasus Centre for Civil Hearings Public Association Osh $21,760, Model Public Hearings Ecological Society “Green Salvation” Media Resource Center $48,480, Encouraging Public Participation $28,314, Training Young Journalists Cultural-Humanitarian Fund “Sukhumi” in South Kyrgyzstan $63,848, Promoting Women’s Political Participation Annual2011 Report | 49 Coalition for Democracy Informational - Analytical Autonomous Non-Profit and Civil Society Center ‘Rakurs’ Organization “Mashr” $28,304, Promoting Parliamentary $50,000, Publication of the $61,805, Legal and Informational Aid Accountability Independent Human Rights for Victims of Human Rights Abuses Newspaper “Dagestanskii Rakurs” Central Asian Free Market Information Research Institute, Public Foundation Chelyabinsk Regional Organ Center ‘PANORAMA’, $50,585, Promoting Budget Transparency of Public Independent Action $75,000, Electoral Cycle 2011-2012 “Ural Human Rights Group” Social Fund “Information International Protection Center $61,447, Ural Human Rights Center Security Media Center” $50,000, Human Rights Reception Center $25,100, Student Newspaper Pskov Regional Public Organization Chechen Committee for “Council of Soldiers’ Mothers” Public Foundation to Support Economic National Salvation $25,395, The Adaptation of Young $70,000, Self-Government and Development and Education Soldiers to the Military Collective $61,000, Network of Social Mediators Informational Aid for Chechen Refugees Center for the Development of and Inhabitants of Refugee Camps Association “Taza Shailoo” Democracy and Human Rights in Ingushetia and Chechnya $19,032, Youth Voter Education $40,000, Corruption as a Factor of Russian-Chechen Friendship Society Human Rights Violations in Russia: Center for Support of $15,000, International Justice for Chechnya International Protection Analysis and Response by Civil Society Andrei Sakharov Foundation $30,500, Promoting Human Rights Planet of Hopes $75,000, Ninth Interregional $45,044, Closed Cities of Youth Human Rights Group Teachers’ Contest on the History of Russia - Path to Freedom $59,500, Youth Initiatives Political Repression and Resistance Jalalabad Regional Human Rights Autonomous Non-Commercial Movements in the USSR Organization Spravedlivost Organization “Center for Journalism Fund for the Support of Youth $79,000, Human Rights Network in Extreme Situations” Initiatives “Vision of Tomorrow”

EURASIA $50,000, Information Patrol for Freedom $50,000, New Technologies, Public Foundation Golos Svobody of the Press and the Rights of Journalists $38,000, Strategic Litigation in New Civil Leaders Defense of Human Rights Human Rights Resource Center Voice of Beslan $39,120, Increasing the Professionalism $20,000, Monitoring and Protecting Public Foundation “Kylym Shamy” of Initiative Groups and Young NGOs $39,318, Human Rights Monitoring Human Rights in North Ossetia Center for Information and Norwegian Helsinki Committee Coalition for Democracy Protection of Human Rights and Civil Society $52,000, Natalia Estemirova $46,000, Information and Human Documentation Center $70,000, Promoting Parliamentary Rights Center “Memorial” Accountability Environmental Human Center for Social Projecting Institute for Public Policy Rights Center ‘Bellona’ ‘VOZROZHDENIYE’ $49,940, Ecology, Law, Information $47,353, School of Young Parliamentarians $50,000, National Deputy School Information Agency ‘Memo.ru’ International Historical $85,000, Support and Development of the Russia Educational Human Rights and Internet Portal Caucasus Switchboard Regional Nonprofit Charitable Charity Society “Memorial” Foundation for Local $49,961, The Uses of History in Sverdlovsk Oblast Public Society “Kaliningrad” Election Period (2011-2012) Organization “Parity” $44,880, Youth and Elections $34,997, The Elevation of Transparency Interregional Social Organization in the Housing Sector: the Role and Human Rights Center “Memorial” Moscow Group of Assistance in the Capabilities of Institutions of Civil Society $25,000, Legal Clinic for Applicants to Implementation of the Helsinki Accords Perm “Center for Assistance to Victims the European Court of Human Rights $50,000, Combating Religious of Violence and Human Trafficking” Xenophobia, Intolerance, and Dagestan Regional Public Discrimination in Russian Regions $34,340, Building the Capacity of Organization “Mothers of Russian Civil Society to Resist Excessive Dagestan for Human Rights” Civil Rights Defenders and Unlawful Anti-Extremism $35,000, Monitoring and Legal $72,375, Stockholm Process for Human Rostov City Nonprofit Defense to Victims of Gross Human Rights Defense in the North Caucasus Organization “Eko-logika” Rights Violations and Human Rights Committee Against Torture $25,060, Engaging the Public to Increase Defenders of Dagestan Republic $79,000, Preventing Torture in Access to Information in Rostov Oblast Centre de la Protection Internationale the Republic of Chechnya Foundation for the Support of $50,000, Effective Presentation Nonviolence International Information Freedom Initiatives of Cases before the European $54,398, New Youth Policies $90,000, Monitoring Government Court of Human Rights for Local Government and Bodies’ Information Resources Regional Public Organization Police - Road to Integration Kaliningrad Regional Civic for Assistance in Observance of Center for the Development Organization “Baltic Migrants” Human Rights “Hot Line” of Social Partnership $15,859, Partnership in the $102,951, The Protection of Social, Civic, $49,998, Strengthening Democracy Name of Development and Voting Rights of Citizens of Russia in Yaroslavl Oblast

50 | National Endowment for Democracy Center for Public Information Vladimir Oblast Intellectual Bureau on Human Rights $40,000, Information from Public Public Movement “Lebed” and Rule of Law Organizations for the Media and $39,940, Support and Development $48,717, Legal Aid and Human Democratic Movement of the Website Vibor33 Rights Monitoring Center for Social and Labor Right Center of Social and National Association of Independent $66,000, Your Rights in the Workplace Educational Initiatives Mass Media in Tajikistan $25,000, From Civic Education $47,000, Supporting Independent Media Independent Council of Legal Expertise to a Democratic Culture $45,000, Civic Control of Legislative News Agency Asia Plus, LLC and Law Enforcement Politics Kabardino-Balkar Republic $59,234, National Network of Correspondents Kostroma Regional Public Organization Public Human Rights Center $60,000, Defending Human “Soldiers’ Mothers Committee” NGO “The Fourth Power” Rights in Kabardino-Balkaria $26,201, Monitoring the Military $33,626, Supporting Local Media Draft and Service in Kostroma Regional Civic Institute Research Human Rights Center and Information Center Memorial Yuri Levada Analytical Center $35,158, Courtroom Monitoring $71,242, Election Monitoring 2011-2012 $40,000, Phase Three: Digital Archives Public Association “Youth Interregional Association of Human Memorial Center for the History of of the 21st Century” Rights Organizations “AGORA” Political Repression ‘Perm-36’ $39,000, Center for the Development $50,000, International School $80,000, Legal Defense for NGO Activists

of Democratic Leadership EURASIA of History Teachers Regional Civic Initiative - The Right Center for the Support of to Life and Human Dignity Perm “Center for the Support of Civil Society “Kalam” $47,000, DOSH Magazine Democratic Youth Initiative” $50,000, Support for NGO Resource $30,000, A Future without Stalin Interregional Civic Foundation Center and Newspaper Information and Analysis Center ‘SOVA’ in Support of Civil Society $71,067, Counteracting Development “GOLOS” Turkmenistan Extremism and Xenophobia $51,477, Voter Education in 2012 Presidential Campaign Developing Market Economy Center for Peacebuilding and $217,176, To improve the legislative Community Development Council of Non-Governmental environment for business, increase the $30,000, Young Women’s Development Organizations flow of independent information, and Groups in the Chechen Republic $30,000, Monitoring the Human Rights inform youth about entrepreneurship. Situation in the North Caucasus Center for Psychological Assistance and Freedom of Information Psychological Post-Crisis Rehabilitation Kaliningrad League of Women Voters $72,060, Freedom of Information programs. $24,999, Improving Access to $20,596, A Right to Know- Justice for Women in Ingushetia Youth and Elections Human Rights $83,220, Human Rights programs St. Petersburg Human Rights Regional Public Organization to provide free legal aid to Public Organization “League “Peace of Mind” vulnerable populations. of Women Voters” $59,082, Helping the Helpers in Chechnya $40,000, Public Action “For Tula Municipal Civic Human Rights Honest Elections” Organization “For Human Rights” Uzbekistan Human Rights Soldiers’ Mothers of St. Petersburg $13,937, Voter 11/12 $54,000, Human Rights programs to $84,966, On the Path to Yaroslavl Regional Public Organization provide free legal services to vulnerable Changing Draftee-Slavery in support of Civic Initiatives “Dialog” segments of the population. Rostov “League for Civil $24,961, Stimulating the Sociopolitical Rights Protection” Activity of Youth in Yaroslavl Oblast $40,046, NGOs, Business, and Regional Civic Organization in Eurasia Regional Authorities: Anticorruption Cooperation Defense of Democratic Rights Civil Initiative on Internet Policy Foundation “Independent Press Center” and Liberties “GOLOS” (CIIP) Public Foundation $60,005, Independent Press Center $49,945, Long-Term Observation of the $44,864, Teaching Information 2012 Presidential Elections to Mobilize Security and Advocacy Foundation for Assistance in the Citizens and Protect Voters’ Rights Autonomous Non-commercial Protection of Citizens’ Rights and Organization “Institute Freedoms “Public Verdict” $30,000, Alternative NGO Report to Tajikistan of Human Rights” UN Committee against Torture $57,408, Assistance to Independent Newspaper “Daybreak” Refugees of Central Asia Regional Charitable Social $20,916, Supporting Autonomous Non-Commercial Organization “Women’s Dignity” Independent Print Media Organization “Center for Journalism $29,984, Women’s Movement NGO Women Voters for Democracy in Extreme Situations” $46,972, Promoting Women’s Participation $55,000, Internet Magazine “Oasis” Perm City Public Organization “Center Young Lawyers Association “Amparo” Caucasus Institute Foundation for Civic Education and Human Rights” $42,738, Defending Human Rights $41,590, Human Rights School $41,970, Training Young Journalists

Annual2011 Report | 51 LATIN AMERICA AND THEn 2011, NED grantees CARIBBEAN in Latin America and the Caribbean addressed a multitude of challenges associated Iwith the wide variety of regimes and political systems in the region. At one end of this spectrum is Cuba, the only dictatorship labor rights violations and the lack of freedom and democ- in the Americas. Though still repressive, timid economic racy in Cuba. reforms were recently set in motion, and a significant num- Haiti’s challenges are also substantial, with the country cur- ber of political prisoners were released and exiled in 2011. rently ranked fifth on ’s list of failed states. The Endowment supported ordinary Cubans interested Foreign Policy During 2011, NED and its core institutes focused on pro- in taking advantage of new economic opportunities by moting local ownership of the reconstruction process fol- providing assistance to navigate the complicated Cuban lowing the 2010 earthquake, as well as on developing the system while continuing to support human rights activists ability of local organizations to better interact with the and their families. NED focused on enhancing the use of international donor community and the Haitian govern- new communication technologies by providing increased ment. NED supported programs to promote peaceful support and training to independent journalists and youth, conflict resolution, improve relations with elected officials, thereby increasing the flow of information both inside and and strengthen nascent civil society organizations. In 2011, outside Cuba. NED grantees engaged emerging actors NED assisted organizations focused on growing electoral (such as youth, artists, bloggers, and women) to strengthen participation, enhancing the advocacy and oversight capac- civil society on the island. In addition, NED helped re- ity of civil society organizations, and building the capacity cently released political prisoners exiled in Spain and other of legislators and union leaders. countries to raise international awareness of human and (continued on page 54)

Workshop in the indigenous Apanguito community in Mexico run by Centro Regional de Defensa de Derechos Humanos 'Jose Ma. Morelos y Pavon.'

52 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Left: Smart phone app developed by Fundacion Ethos (a project of the Avance-Análisis Investigación y Estudios para el Desarrollo in Mexico) to increase civic engagement of youth. Center: CEJIL has worked with the Sarayaku in their land rights case before the Inter-American Court. Right: The National Democratic Institute trained election observers across Latin America and the Caribbean.

Country Spotlight Unsurprisingly, the 2011 presidential election was Nicaragua: Severe Setbacks tainted by fraud and widespread irregularities. Ortega to Democracy received 63 percent of the vote, double the historical voting preference for Ortega. National organizations, he late 2000s saw Nicaragua experience severe including NED grantee Asociación Hagamos Tdemocratic setbacks. In 2009, government- Democracia, were denied the right to register as appointed judges of the Supreme Court’s Consti- electoral observers, and international observers were tutional Chamber ruled that Article 147 of the impeded from entering 20 per cent of voting centers. Nicaraguan Constitution establishing term limits for The US government initiated a review of bilateral co- the president, vice-president, and mayors was “inappli- operation with Nicaragua following the 2011 elec- cable.” This judicial ruling allowed Daniel Ortega to tion results. stand for and win re-election in November 2011. Since then, media outlets and civil society organizations that are critical of government policies have come under attack. The government imposed new tariffs on the import of paper, ink and other supplies, targeting media companies and investigating the main opposition newspaper, La Prensa, for taxes allegedly owed on these supplies from previous years. Civil society leaders have experienced increased government pressure on their organizations, including unduly stringent audits and pressure on their members to leave their networks. Many international donors have stopped support for democracy and governance programs to avoid friction with the regime, and other donors have left the country altogether. In an environment where increasing

Directors of Movimiento PUENTE in the media giving their opinion pressure is expected, NED support to civil society and about Nicaragua's electoral process. other independent actors continues to be critical.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 53Annual2011 Report | 53 Grantee Spotlight Andean Region: Human Rights and Extractive Industries

n the last decade, in the midst of sustained economic Igrowth, the numbers and intensity of social conflicts in Latin America, and especially in the Andean region, have increased. These tensions have a variety of origins and manifestations, but the common framework is conflicting government, business and community interests in areas where large infrastructure projects and extractive industries are located. NED has identified this conflict as an emerging challenge to democratic among human rights and indigenous activists, but also governance and stability in the region and supports among intellectuals, legislators, businesses and deci- organizations working to address it from a democratic sion-makers at the national level. perspective. DPLF has also facilitated local CSO participation in LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN One such organization is the Due Process of Law thematic hearings before the Inter-American Com- Foundation (DPLF), a NED grantee since 2005, mission on Human Rights. DPLF’s work in the An- which established a new Human Rights and Extrac- des and before international bodies has yielded results. tive Industries Program. DPLF is a nongovernmen- In September 2011, DPLF’s work was instrumental tal, not-for-profit organization based in Washington, in promoting the passage of Peru’s Law of Prior Con- DC, that promotes the rule of law and human rights sultation — the first in the region — which created a in Latin America. Over the past two years, DPLF has domestic legal framework for protecting the right to worked to gather information and gain expertise on informed prior consent before the implementation issues related to natural resources management and of large-scale extractive projects. DPLF has provided exploitation, indigenous peoples’ rights, and the rel- legal analysis and support to organizations advocating evant national and international legal frameworks. for similar legislation in Bolivia and Ecuador. Known for its timely and thoroughly-researched reports, DPLF has published papers on the right to pri- The organization’s legal analysis and advocacy efforts or consultation and on extractive industries’ corporate have contributed to governments, indigenous groups accountability in the Latin American region. Civil and extractive industries’ understanding and use of society organizations (CSO) and government agen- the right to prior consultation as a viable and peaceful cies across the region use these documents, which at- means for conflict prevention, and to the need for dia- tests to their continued relevance and utility not only logue and negotiation on these sensitive issues.

Meanwhile, in Bolivia, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and on programs addressing freedom of expression, access to Venezuela, the Endowment focused on defending and information, and protection for journalists. NED further strengthening democratic institutions, processes, and actors supported organizations to promote free, fair, and competi- under attack by governments with authoritarian leanings. tive elections in unequal playing fields, including the con- Freedom of expression was curtailed in these four countries, stitutional referendum in Ecuador, the election of judicial as networks of state-owned media expanded, and opposi- authorities in Bolivia, presidential and legislative elections tion and independent actors came under attack. Assaults in Nicaragua, and the upcoming elections in Venezuela. took place most prominently, but not exclusively, in Ec- Through good governance and government accountability uador. In response to these challenges, NED concentrated programs, NED increased citizen participation and over-

54 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Left: A volunteer with Movimiento Mi Cometa consults the local population in Guayaquil, Ecuador, about the country's justice system. Right: The host interviews David Luna, Bogota mayoral candidate, on La Silla Vacía ("The Empty Chair"), an independent Colombian news website. sight of governments at the national, regional, and local several of which were conducted in Mexico and Central levels. In these four countries, NED-supported programs America. addressed political, social and ethnic polarization by pro- In Argentina, programs sought to protect freedom of expres- moting dialogue, pluralism, and political participation sion and promote presidential debates on public policies, across social sectors. Specifically, NED supported programs while in Colombia, programs supported displaced people to increase the participation and inclusion of indigenous and victims of the armed conflict, especially Afro-Colom- communities in Bolivia, and to identify and educate emerg- bian communities. In Guatemala, NED grantees worked to ing Venezuelan leaders in pluralistic and democratic values. defend the rights of women and indigenous populations, NED also worked to help new democracies succeed. foster accountability in social programs, and promote com- While Argentina, Colombia, Guatemala, Honduras, prehensive fiscal reform. Programs in Honduras focused on Mexico, Paraguay, and Peru differ in their levels of diminishing polarization, redefining civil-military relations, democratic consolidation, the decentralization process that protecting freedom of expression, and strengthening the has occurred in each has provided many opportunities to legislative branch and political parties. In Mexico, NED as- strengthen democracy. In this set of countries, NED sup- sistance empowered civil society to address citizen insecurity, ported programs to promote citizen participation, improve improve the capacity of trade unions, defend freedom of ex- candidate selection and public policy formation, advance pression and journalists, and protect women and indigenous accountability and transparency, and increase elected offi- populations. Programs in Paraguay strengthened a fledgling cials’ capacity to respond to constituent demands, among civil society. Programs in Peru addressed conflicts over natu- other programs at the regional and local levels. ral resource exploitation, indigenous rights, and transparency in public universities. Yet other emerging challenges have led to an increase in violence and citizen insecurity across the region. These chal- There were also opportunities to support several programs lenges are related to organized crime; illegal armed forces; with a regional focus, including strengthening trade unions, drug, arms, and human trafficking; and ordinary delin- improving political parties and the capacity of elected of- quency. NED grantees addressed these complex challenges ficials, and supporting the market economy. Other regional through a range of domestic and cross-regional programs, programs included fighting impunity and defending the

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 55Annual2011 Report | 55 victims of human rights abuses; litigation before the In- rounding natural resource exploitation in the Andean re- ter-American System; an online version of the Journal of gion; and building a cross-regional network of civil society Democracy in Portuguese; citizen security; conflicts sur- activists to defend and promote democracy.

fended the President’s honor. Though Correa has since pardoned the defendants, the questionable judicial proceedings and the precedent set by the lawsuit and ruling point to a serious decline in freedom of expression and in Ecuador’s institutions.

El Universo is only the tip of the iceberg. Through comprehensive research and an innovative national alert network, Fundamedios has documented mounting threats against journalists throughout Ecuador. With Endowment support, in 2011 Fundamedios reported 156 assaults against freedom of expression through its monitoring network. This figure marks a steady rise in LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN violations registered over the last four years, increas- César Ricaurte (right), director of Fundamedios, discusses press freedom ing from 22 cases in 2008, to 109 in 2009, and 117 in in Ecuador. 2010. The majority of attacks reported in 2011 origi- nated with a public official, 18.6 percent of which were Grantee Spotlight instigated directly by President Correa. Ecuador: Standing up for In addition to its alert system, Fundamedios’ timely Freedom of Expression and salient reports on the libel cases filed by President Correa have directly informed statements condemn- reedom of expression in Ecuador is under sus- ing the repression of free media by international orga- Ftained assault from a hostile government. In 2011, nizations such as the Committee to Protect Journal- President Correa’s confrontational relationship with ists, Human Rights Watch, Freedom House, and the the media – which he accused of representing the tra- Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression at the ditional economic and political elite – continued to Organization of American States, among others. worsen. Correa’s controversial May 2011 referendum included a question allowing for government greater Fundamedios also played a leading role in facilitating control over the media, and its passage now enables dialogue on the proposed Communications Law, iden- the government to regulate media ownership and con- tifying and publicizing its implications for freedom of tent through the creation of a Council on Communi- expression. Fundamedios also conducted strategic liti- cation and Information. gation before the Constitutional Court to halt misuse of defamation laws and seek their removal from Ecua- As Ecuador’s leading media watchdog organization, dor’s criminal code. Fundamedios is raising domestic and international awareness about the alarming rise of violations of free- Fundamedios has become the leading freedom of dom of expression in the country, illustrated by 2011’s expression organization in Ecuador and the region. El Universo case, a personal libel case initiated by Presi- Despite increasing direct attacks against the organi- dent Correa. Three executives and an editor from the zation, Fundamedios’ unwavering dedication to sup- Guayaquil-based newspaper, El Universo, were sen- porting freedom of expression has effectively exposed tenced to three years imprisonment and a $40 million the abuses of governments and provided support to fine for the publication of an article that allegedly of- journalists under threat.

56 | National Endowment for Democracy Latin America and the Caribbean | 2011 Grants

For more detailed descriptions of these grants, please visit www.NED.org/where-we-work

Oficina Jurídica para la Mujer Corporación Ocasa Argentina $41,232 Providing Legal $48,000 Promoting Youth Agendas Center for International Assistance and Education for Municipal Development Private Enterprise $128,397 Agenda for the President Red Participación y Justicia Corporación Transparencia $95,000 Promoting Judicial por Colombia Foro de Periodismo Argentino (FOPEA) Transparency and Accountability $40,002 Promoting Accountability $40,500 Monitoring Freedom Among City Councils of Expression in Argentina Red Participación y Justicia $20,000 Supplement Fundación Cívico Social Pro Foro de Periodismo Argentino (FOPEA) Cartagena (FUNCICAR) SAYARIY $22,500 Supplement $55,000 Monitoring the City $50,963 Consolidating Local Council of Cartagena and the Transparency Practices Bolivia Departmental Assembly of Bolivar Fundación Ideas para la Paz Asociación Boliviana de Ciencia Política Colombia $39,945 Promoting Truth and Reconciliation $45,000 Promoting Democratic Asociación de Afrocolombianos Debate on the New Autonomy Law Fundación para la Libertad de Prensa Desplazados - AFRODES $48,000 Monitoring Violations of Asociación Juventud para el $40,000 Defending the Rights of Journalists’ Rights in Legal Environments Desarrollo “JUDES” Displaced Afro-Colombian Communities $70,000 Promoting Citizen Participation Universidad Industrial de Santander in the Election of Judicial Authorities Blogósfera Producciones S.A.S. $25,000 Promoting Transparency in $39,920 The Citizen as a Protagonist the City Council of Bucaramanga Asociación Nacional de la Prensa in Colombia’s Electoral Debate $55,023 Defending Freedom of Expression and the Press Corporación Caribe $39,953 Monitoring the City Councils Cuba Casa de La Mujer of Barranquilla and Santa Marta Afro-Cuban Alliance, Inc. $45,000 Democratic Governance and $124,466 ISLAS: A Journal on Corporación Cívica de Caldas Local Development with a Gender Focus Race and Civil Rights in Cuba $28,000 Monitoring the Departmental Center for International Assembly of Caldas Center for a Free Cuba Private Enterprise $55,000 Supporting Human Rights Corporación Manos Visibles $183,847 Promoting Dialogue $40,000 Leadership Training for on Alternative Policies Afro-Colombian Women Center for International Private Enterprise Spending by program focus in Latin America $172,919 Strengthening the Voice of Business and the Caribbean, 2011

CIUDADANÍA, Comunidad de Accountability Estudios Sociales y Acción Pública $1,140,414 $45,000 Empowering Women to $380,406 Civic Education Increase Local Transparency $750,895 Conflict Resolution Fundación Construir $4,627,729 $44,115 Strengthening the Indigenous $444,357 Democratic Ideals and Values Legal System in Cochabamba Fundación Nueva Democracia Developing Market Economy $45,410 Monitoring and Reporting $1,370,887 on Human Rights Violations Freedom of Association

Instituto de Desarrollo y Gobernabilidad Freedom of Information $42,668 Promoting Youth Participation $1,365,519 in Political Processes Human Rights International Republican Institute $917,497 NGO Strengthening $500,000 Strengthening Inter- $129,995 Regional Coordination to More Political Processes Effectively Address National Issues $2,957,059 Observancia – Centro Interdisciplinario $1,413,129 Rule of Law $45,100 Promoting Dialogue between $209,038 Civil Society and the National Assembly Strengthening Political Institutions Annual2011 Report | 57 Committee for Free Trade Unionism Centro de Acción Legal-Ambiental Asociación Libertad y Democracia $85,000 Inter-Regional Democratic y Social de Guatemala $40,076 Promoting Dialogue Networks and ILO Action $37,000 Strengthening the Promotion of among Civil Society Leaders Rule of Law in Environmental Matters Cuban Democratic Directorate Centro de Documentación de Honduras $162,089 Supporting Instituto Centroamericano $48,000 Strengthening Civilian Oversight Independent Civil Society de Estudios Fiscales of the Armed Forces and Defense Sector $40,000 Including Fiscal Issues in CubaNet News Inc. Fundación Democracia sin Fronteras the National Electoral Debate $252,000 To support independent $40,000 Monitoring the National Legislature Cuban reporting. National Democratic Institute Grupo Internacional para Haiti for International Affairs la Responsabilidad Social American Center for International $400,000 Supporting Responsive Corporativa en Cuba Labor Solidarity & Inclusive Political Processes $177,628 Supporting Independent Unions $325,000 Building Union Capacity for Labor Rights Advocacy & Enforcement Instituto Político para la Libertad Perú Mexico $61,727 Educating Youth on Democracy, Centre de Formation Citoyenne American Center for International Technology and Social Media et d’ Appui au Développement Labor Solidarity $139,620 Promoting Participatory National Democratic Institute $644,431 Promoting Freedom Local Development in Rural Haiti for International Affairs of Association through Trade $395,000 Empowering Civil Society Coordination Communale de Union Strengthening Observatorio Cubano de Comités d’Initiatives de Limbé Avance-Análisis Investigación y $42,000 Strengthening Civil Society and Derechos Humanos Estudios para el Desarrollo Local Authorities in the North Department $67,434 Human Rights Observation $45,000 Promoting Coordination des Comités d’Initiatives Responsible Governance People in Need de la Commune de Gonaïves

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN $160,202 Supporting Independent Campaña Global por la Libertad $35,000 Consolidating Civil Society Journalists and Community Magazines de Expresión A19 A.C. for Local Development in Gonaives $35,000 Strengthening Freedom of People in Peril Association Expression through Strategic Litigation $49,189 Enhancing Young Cubans’ Coordination Nationale des Understanding of Democratic Processes. Organisations de Base Centro de Derechos Humanos $40,455 Fostering Peace and de las Mujeres A.C. Civic Education Inclusion in Conflict-Ridden $30,000 Promoting Women’s Rights $50,703 Neighborhoods of Port-au-Prince and Access to Justice in Chihuahua Rule of Law Fondation Espoir / Jeune Ayiti Centro de Periodismo y Ética Pública $11,204 $99,959 Citizen Initiatives in Community $36,602 Monitoring Freedom of Expression Development and Participatory Democracy Centro Regional de Defensa Institut Panos Caraïbes Ecuador de Derechos Humanos “José $40,000 Training Investigative Journalists Accountability and Freedom of Information in Three Provinces of Haiti Ma. Morelos y Pavón” A.C. $263,272 $45,873 Promoting Human Rights International Senior and Citizen Participation in Indigenous Human Rights Lawyers Corporation Communities of Guerrero $34,320 $75,000 Promoting Rule of Law IDHEAS, Litigio Estratégico en Strengthening Political Institutions and Justice Sector Reform Derechos Humanos, A.C. $50,414 Jurimédia $30,000 Strategic Litigation for Access Corporación Participación $60,430 Consolidating a Human Rights to Justice and Due Process Network in the North-East Department Ciudadana Ecuador (PC) National Democratic Institute $50,034 Monitoring Spending Jurimedia for International Affairs on Public Advertising $15,430 Supplement $330,000 Supporting More Inclusive Public Security Policy Development Processes Fundación para el Avance Le Collectif des Notables de Cité Soleil de las Reformas y las $50,000 Promoting Citizen Oversight Oportunidades (Grupo Faro) $65,500 Promoting Municipal Transparency Rassemblement des Citoyens Nicaragua Organisés de la Grand Anse Asociacion Hagamos Democracia Fundación Ciudadanía y $35,000 Strengthening Civil $65,000 Monitoring the National Assembly Desarrollo (FCD) Society in Grande Anse. $30,202 Monitoring the National Assembly Asociación Instituto de Estudios Rassemblement National des Estratégicos y Políticas Públicas Citoyens Organisés pour le $60,000 Analyzing the Role of the Guatemala Développement d’Haïti Armed Forces in Nicaragua within Acción Ciudadana $70,809 Promoting a New the Central American Context Civil Society Leadership $74,798 Citizen Oversight of Centro de Investigaciones the Conditional Cash Transfer de la Comunicación Program ‘Mi Familia Progresa’ Honduras $45,012 Promoting Electoral Debate in the Media Asociación Estoreña Para Asociación Comité por el Desarrollo Integral la Libre Expresión Civic Education $34,958 Promoting Civic Participation for $39,856 Promoting Access to Public $60,000 Maya Q’eqchi’ in the Electoral Process Information and Transparency

58 | National Endowment for Democracy LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

Civic Education Center for International American Center for International $15,000 Supplement Private Enterprise Labor Solidarity Comision Permanente de Derechos $199,681 Emprende Ahora: Democracy, $449,301 Trade Union Strengthening Humanos de Nicaragua Entrepreneurship, & Youth Leadership in Colombia & Venezuela Humanos de Nicaragua Ciudadanos al Día American Center for International $55,000 Improving Access to Justice $69,970 Demanding Good Government Labor Solidarity Practices from Regional Authorities $425,699 Trade Union Strengthening Freedom of Information in Bolivia, Ecuador, & Peru $54,800 Consultores en Planificación $48,750 Engaging Youth in American Center for International Freedom of Information Local Development $15,000 Supplement Labor Solidarity $400,000 Sectoral & Industrial Consultores en Planificación Fundación Iberoamericana Strategies to Promote Freedom of $15,000 Supplement de la Cultura (FIBRAS) Association & Collective Bargaining $50,033 Developing a National Coordinadora Departamental de American Center for International Campaign for Civic Rights Defensorías Comunitarias del Cusco Labor Solidarity $35,023 Promoting Coordination to Prevent Fundación Iberoamericana $49,301 Supplement Violence against Women and Children de la Cultura (FIBRAS) Center for Justice and International Law $80,000 Strengthening Youth Leadership Derecho, Ambiente y $150,000 Promoting Human Rights Recursos Naturales Grupo Projusticia in the Northern Andean Region $50,000 Promoting Indigenous $45,370 Understanding Democratic Governance Centro para la Apertura y el Constitutional Rights Desarrollo de América Latina Instituto Prensa y Sociedad Instituto Nicaragüense de $109,128 Promoting Regional $75,000 Social Conflict, Support for Democratic Values Estudios Humanísticos Exclusion and the Media $72,400 Local Agendas for Centro Edelstein de Pesquisas Sociais Municipal Development Universidad Coherente $9,750 Journal of Democracy in Portuguese $46,850 University Observatory Movimiento Puente Due Process of Law Foundation $29,200 Promoting Youth Universidad Coherente $99,535 Promoting Rule of Law, Human Voting in Nicaragua $15,000 Supplement Rights, and Natural Resources Instituto para la Seguridad Paraguay Venezuela y la Democracia, A.C. Asociación Trinidad: Ciudadanía, Center for International $75,000 Strengthening Citizen Cultura, Desarrollo Private Enterprise Observatories on Human Rights $35,200 Citizen Observatory for Access $209,038 Building Democratic Advocacy of Migrants on the to Information and Legislative Oversight Dialogue in the Workplace Mexico-Guatemala Border Centro de Estudios Judiciales Center for International International Republican Institute del Paraguay Private Enterprise $650,000 Promoting & Sustaining $49,480 Promoting Participatory $167,727 Enhancing Democratic Dialogue Democratic Governance in Guatemala, Local Governance through Legislative & Economic Analysis El Salvador, & Honduras Centro de Información y Accountability International Republican Institute Recursos para el Desarrollo $180,000 $250,000 Regional Integration of $50,938 Promoting Citizen Accountability Substantive Policy Proposals Civic Education Instituto de Derecho y $533,671 International Republican Institute Economía Ambiental $240,000 Support the Magazine Freedom of Information $32,000 Promoting Access to Information Perspectiva to Encourage Mainstreem $117,920 and Transparency in Paraguay Public Debate of Issues Human Rights Instituto de Estudios para Latin American and Caribbean $65,000 la Consolidación del Estado Network for Democracy, Inc. de Derecho (ICED) Strengthening Political Institutions $96,818 Effective Networks for $35,000 Citizen Oversight of $39,300 Strengthening Democracy in Latin America the Judiciary in Paraguay Political Processes National Democratic Institute Juventud Que se Mueve $220,417 for International Affairs $29,028 Youth Leadership Program $520,000 Supporting Inclusive Citizen Security Policy Semillas para la Democracia Latin America and $55,000 Strengthening Local Participation National Democratic Institute Caribbean Regional for International Affairs $250,000 Political Party Network Peru American Center for International Labor Solidarity RESDAL Red de Seguridad y Defensa Asociación Pro Derechos Humanos $450,000 Building & Strengthening de América Latina Asociación Civil $54,995 Promoting a Culture of Modern Democratic Unions in $201,640 Strengthening Institutional Dialogue in Ayacucho and Apurimac Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Civilian Capacity in the Nicaragua, & Costa Rica Security and Defense Sectors

Annual2011 Report | 59 MIDDLE EAST AND NORTHhe year saw the end of decades ofAFRICA political stagnation in MENA countries, raised citizens’ expectations, Tand brought about a new political dynamic. At this defining moment in MENA’s history, NED ex- tended a critical lifeline of solidarity and support to embattled civic rights and media groups, policy advocacy forums, democracy coalitions, and youth movements. Throughout the region, NED reached out to the new generation of media organizations, youth bloggers, and citizen journalists who were energized by the Arab spring and the spread of digital technology. In particular, NED increased its support to independent media groups, human rights monitors, and advocates for democratic ideas and values.

NED partners provided citizens with unique access to tices, effective tools and advanced trainings on a wide range news, platforms for human rights networks, informational of advocacy, reform and transitional issues. With the rise of tools to strengthen grassroots activism, and forums on the political Islam, NED supported programs that integrated benefits of democratic governance. Through NED support, Islamic values and democracy as well as regional exchang- democrats benefited from technical support in collecting es and networks. NED partners exchanged information, information and broadcasting it within and beyond their shared experiences, utilized resources, and coordinated countries’ borders. Local activists, civil society groups and their campaigns and networks. networks reached out to each other in search of best prac- (continued on page 62) Tawakkol Karman of Women Journalists Without Chains addresses a rally in Yemen.

60 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Left: The Network of Democrats in the Arab World disseminates best practices and facilitates the exchange of technical expertise among civil society groups. Right: The Oruj Learning Center in Afghanistan promotes women's participation in the workplace and decision-making bodies.

Country Spotlight MOROCCO Building local governance from the grassroots up

he voice of civil society is more vibrant than ever Tbefore and the participatory approach is becoming an important part of local governance programs in Mo- rocco. NED partner Espace Libre de Citoyenneté, de Formation, et de Développement à Mohammedia (ELCIFODEM) is a leading voice in the promotion of local governance, and an effective and inclusive net- ELCIFODEM connects Morocco's grassroots civil society organizations to create a strong voice for reform. work of 44 grassroots organizations working to reshape politics locally. velopment plans according to the communal charter and the provision of Article 14 of the Municipal Act. To con- In 2011, ELCIFODEM solidified its NGO network, solidate its efforts, ELCIFODEM signed partnership created monitoring committees inside five municipali- agreements with Sidi Moussa Ben Ali and Sidi Moussa ties, developed partnerships between CSOs and local AL-Majdoub municipalities to promote more transpar- governments, promoted transparency and accountabil- ency and efficiency in managing local public affairs. ity, facilitated collaborative approaches to address citizens’ needs, and established four commissions of parity ELCIFODEM led innovative programs in local gover- and equality according to the provisions of Article 14 nance, engaged local stakeholders through collaboration of the municipal charter in Sidi Moussa, Mohammedia and partnership, and enhanced accountability through city, Chellalat, and Sidi Moussa Ben Ali municipalities. a participatory approach. ELCIFODEM programs have a profound impact on those communities where ELCIFODEM also focused on effectively engaging lo- it is active, and the success of its collaborative efforts is cal actors in the decision-making process, identifying evidence that community-based organizations and lo- challenges and opportunities to improve local gover- cal authorities can work together to improve the lives of nance, and developing strategies to implement local de- people in urban and rural communities.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 61Annual2011 Report | 61 With NED support, civic groups in Tunisia, Egypt, unions, professional syndicates, and owners of small busi- Yemen, and Libya participated in the complex transi- nesses, and developed their capacity to influence public tional processes of building and shaping national and po- policy and advocate reform. In addition, NED expanded its litical institutions. NED partners, especially women and youth, established and led public debates and lobbied decision makers to uphold democratic reforms. NED focused on established and newly formed independent trade

Grantee Spotlight Yemen: Women Journalists Without Chains

omen Journalists Without Chains (WJWC) Whas been a NED grantee since 2008, but it was only with the Arab Spring protests in 2011 that the or- Tawakkol Karman (center) of Women Journalists Without Chains ganization’s dynamic founder, Tawakkol Karman, began (photo: Sadeq Al-Wesaby, Yemen Times). MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA to garner international attention which culminated in her sharing the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize. tions protesting government corruption and abuse. These continued every Tuesday, despite constant hostil- Karman’s story actually starts in 2005, the year she es- ity from authorities, such as when the Ministry of Infor- tablished Female Reporters Without Borders with mation refused WJWC a license for a newspaper and seven other journalists. The goal was to provide a voice for a radio station. The size of the demonstrations varied for women’s rights and freedom of expression. When — some days barely a handful joined her. In 2010, Kar- a clone organization loyal to the Saleh government re- man was nominated by the American Embassy in Sana'a ceived a license for the same name, she renamed her or- for the US State Department's “International Woman of ganization Women Journalists Without Chains. Courage” award. Though she was passed over, it was an indication that the international community was start- The organization quickly became a media and women’s ing to notice her work. rights resource. In 2006, WJWC started an instant mes- saging service, sending news on human rights to mobile Then, on January 15, 2011, the day after President Ben phones across Yemen. Its popularity caught the attention Ali fled Tunisia, Karman posted a message on Facebook of the country’s Ministry of Information, which shut the and organized a rally of solidarity with the Tunisians. It service down within a year. WJWC began publishing started small, but every day more Yemenis arrived un- annual reports on press freedom in Yemen, which docu- til it became obvious that Yemen was joining the Arab mented growing levels of governmental abuse. Karman Spring. She was briefly detained by security forces and also started a list of the most “anti-free press” officials in received (and still receives) death threats, but Karman Yemen, which she posted publicly. The organization es- took the lead in the formation of the pro democracy Su- tablished a daily news website, and runs journalist train- preme Council for the Youth Revolution and was soon ing seminars for women and young people. nominated as a member of the National Council for Peaceful Revolution Forces. And although WJWC initially focused on media rights, it soon expanded its scope to include reports on corrup- Karman shared the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize with Li- tion, as well as other projects promoting good gover- berians Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and Leymah Gbowee nance, democratic reform, and civil rights. for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women’s rights to full participation in peace- In 2007, Karman began regular, peaceful demonstra- building work.

62 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Top left: The Freedom of Expression Association holds monthly town hall meetings in Bursa, Turkey. Top right: The Enmaa Center for Research and Studies in Iraq stimulates debate within civil society on public policy issues. Bottom left: The New Libya Foundation supports the development of civil society within Libya. Bottom right: The Community Media Network (AmmanNet) organizes events to raise public awareness of parliamentary activity in Jordan.

support to policy forums and advocacy groups seeking to generation of media-savvy and politically active civil society map out feasible political and public policy reform propos- groups, especially women and youth. At the national and als, educate public officials and institutions, and advocate provincial levels, NED partners formed advocacy networks for democratic reforms. and facilitated policy forums.

In Jordan and Morocco, citizens openly called for In Iraq, Afghanistan, Lebanon and West Bank and elected accountable governments under constitutional Gaza Strip, citizens in conflict zones confronted dysfunc- monarchies. For the first time, these monarchs pledged con- tional governments and public institutions afflicted with ram- stitutional reforms at the expense of their sovereign powers. pant corruption. With NED support, civil society advocated Citizen demands focused on constitutional amendments, for accountability, better legislation and inclusive national empowering parliament, strengthening local government, policies. NED partners strengthened citizen-state relation- holding freer elections, setting up independent national ships, engaged local officials on budgets and priorities, forged commissions, and easing restrictions on political and civic nationwide alliances, worked with parliament on national participation. NED expanded its support to include a new agendas, and disseminated civic and democratic values. They 2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 63Annual2011 Report | 63 oil wealth to subsidize citizens’ cost of living in expectation of their acquiescence to ongoing authoritarian kingdoms. Algeria, too, increased public sector salaries and promised reforms but failed to satisfy public demands for accountability; the government used brutal force against street protests and banned local NGOs from accepting foreign funding. In Syria, peaceful street protests interrupted decades of authoritarian rule and brought out new voices. Spontaneous youth groups organized mass street protests The New Libya Foundation offers leadership training and mentorship for throughout Syria. In a year colored by the Arab spring, young activists in Libya. Iran’s Islamic Republic intensified its repression and pre- campaigned on themes that united local factions on electoral vented any form of dissent or street protest. In such tough law, labor law, and greater private-sector participation. environments, NED supported human rights networks, In closed countries, NED provided critical support to cou- independent journalists, and advocates of democratic ideas rageous human rights defenders and independent women’s and values. NED brought activists in these countries to- MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA and youth groups. In the Gulf, superficial reforms and gether with their counterparts in regional and sub-regional meaningless pledges failed to quell street demands for pow- networks to exchange information, improve their commu- er sharing and accountability. Gulf rulers leveraged their nication tools, and amplify their voices.

Grantee Spotlight with the prominent Islah party. Al-Qadi and Tawak- YEMEN kol Karman (the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize co-recipient) are leaders of an enlightened Islamic trend in Yemen’s Integrating Islamic values into conservative tribal society. NODS’s intensive program democratic societies gave birth to the al-Nahda network of over 200 re- formist religious leaders. Many religious authorities ree and fair elections brought major victories to Is- now work hand-in-hand with civil society. For exam- Flamic groups in Egypt and Tunisia. With sensitivity ple, a group of participant imams who attended the to this regional trend, Yemen’s National Organization training rallied in Change Square in Sana’a and Free- for Developing Society (NODS) led public debates dom Square in Taizz to oppose a fatwa issued during and dialogue on integrating Islamic values as a key un- the popular uprising opposing a civil state. Many of derpinning of fundamental human rights in civil demo- the clerics continue to partner with NODS and other cratic states. In 2011, NODS culminated its four-year NGOs to raise awareness of women’s and children’s NED-supported program and trained over 500 local rights. Their Friday sermons now regularly incorporate imams in most of Yemen’s provinces on the principles concepts such as democracy, rule of law, civic freedoms, of a civic state and human rights, and on the compat- and citizen participation. ibility of Islam and democracy. NODS addressed the lack of awareness of human rights principles in Yemen, NODS became a leading civic voice during an historic mobilized an influential sector of preachers, and sup- period that witnessed both the mainstreaming of civil ported open-minded religious leaders. society work in Yemen and the introduction of democratic principles in popular religious discourse. It will NODS president and founder Shawqi Al-Qadi is a continue to play a leading role and facilitate more dia- former imam, a vocal proponent of human and wom- logue on the role of Islam in public life and advocate for en’s rights, and a member of the Yemeni parliament a democratic civil state.

64 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Left: The Afghan Women's Resource Center conducts rights awareness workshops in Laghman, Nangarhar, and Kapisa. Right: The Ramallah Center for Human Rights Studies promotes leadership, democracy and good citizenship. Middle East and the North Africa | 2011 Grants

For more detailed descriptions of these grants, please visit www.NED.org/where-we-work

Development Organization Welfare Association for Afghanistan for New Afghanistan Development of Afghanistan Afghan Education Productions $38,400, Raising Civic Awareness $50,000, Fostering Advocacy and Organization in Returnee Communities Political Engagement Among Maliks $65,300, Democracy through Theatrical Performance and Radio Educational and Training Centre for Poor Western Afghan Women’s Network Women and Girls in Afghanistan (ECW) $36,000, Confronting Domestic Afghan Media Resource Center $62,000, Combating Violence Violence in Rural Herat $35,000, ‘Erada’ Daily Newspaper Against Women Women Activities and Social Afghan Women’s Resource Center Hasht-e Subh Daily Services Association $46,500, Empowering Civic Councils $180,000, Hasht-e Subh Daily - Herat $58,000, Consolidating Civic Engagement in Herat Afghanistan Human Rights Organization Institute for War and Peace Reporting $75,000, Women Human $76,000, Balkh Reporters’ House Women and Youths for Peace and Rights and Empowerment Development Project Development Organization $62,000, Religious Leaders and Afghanistan National Justice for All Organization Responsible Community Leadership Participation Association $50,000, Legal Advocacy and $109,000, Broadening Public Judicial Accountability Wakht News Agency Discourse on Democracy and Islam $70,000, Capacity Building Khorasan Legal Services Organization for Women Journalists Afghanistan Organization Women Arise $78,500, Legal Awareness and $20,400, Women’s Empowerment Aid for Indigent Afghans Youth Educational Services in Ghor Province $40,000, Youth Democracy Training Legal and Cultural Services for Afghanistan Youth National Afghan Women and Children and Social Organization $60,500, Legal Awareness Algeria $63,500, Governance Seminars and Accountability for Afghanistan’s Citizens Collectif des Familles de Modern Organization for Disparu(e)s en Algerie Bureau for Reconstruction Development of Education $40,000, Promoting Human Rights and Development $59,400, Communications through the Restoration of Truth $42,000, Demanding Transparency and Skills for Women Leaders Accountability from Local Government AGIR Association for Youth Oruj Learning Center Development and Growth Center for International $195,000, Oruj Learning and $33,000, Promoting Youth Citizenship Private Enterprise Management Institute $1,371,645, Increasing Institutional Rally for Youth Action (RAJ) Capacity & Access to Information Social Services for Afghan $25,000, Promoting Youth Women Organization Civic Engagement Cooperation Center for Afghanistan $53,700, Women’s Rights within Islam $95,000, Strengthening Civil Society in Central Afghanistan

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 65Annual2011 Report | 65 Human Development Association Salam Institute for Peace and Justice Egypt $30,400, Citizenship Watch $50,000, Imams as Advocates for American Center for International Democratic Change and Reform Labor Solidarity Ibn Khaldun Center for $84,521, Raising Awareness of Development Studies Technological Center for Human Rights Worker Rights Violations $50,000, Enhancing Public Debate $22,600, Digitizing the Process on Critical Issues Relating to of Monitoring and Documenting Andalus Institute for Tolerance Democratic Transition in Egypt Fair Trial Violations and Anti-Violence Studies Transparency Center for Studies $50,500, Democracy Academy International Republican Institute $100,000, Broadening and Development Training Arab Council Supporting Fair Democratic Participation $9,500, Empowering Communities Trial and Human Rights Affected by the Cairo 2050 MEMO 98 $34,000, Influencing Public Policy Urban Development Plan $56,859, Fostering Free and Fair Elections through Strategic Litigation United Journalists Center One World Foundation for Arab Foundation for Civil Society $25,500, Supporting Local Electronic Media Development and Civil Society Care and Human Rights Support $55,000, Forum for Democratic Yalla Nesharek of Social $37,400, Building Effective and Human Rights Studies Development Association Professional Associations $19,000, Promoting Youth Policy Association for an Open Society Association for Women’s Total Participation in Local Governance $59,000, Policy Institute Support Advancement and Development on Transition Issues $33,000, Mentoring and Advocacy Program Press Action Group Iran Association for Women’s Total $19,500, Press Action Group Abdorrahman Boroumand Foundation Advancement and Development $100,000, Iran Human Rights $25,000, Start Me Up Mentoring Program The Project on Middle East Democracy Memorial Project $36,500, Building Egyptian and Bokra for Media Production, Media Tunisian Policy Sector Capacities Association for Civic Society MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Studies, and Human Rights and Democracy $27,000, A New Generation Regional Center for Research $85,000, Raising Human of Media Professionals and Consultations Rights Awareness in Iran $27,000, Parliamentary Reform Forum CEDAW Center for Democracy Civic Education and NGO Strengthening Roya Center for Development and Human Rights $133,300 $50,000, National Campaign for and Media Studies Women’s Political Participation $24,100, Strengthening Electronic Freedom of Information Journalism’s Election Coverage $957,800 Center for Peace and Human Development Rural Development Association Human Rights and Democratic Values $44,000, Promoting Accountability $34,000, Activating Citizen $254,000 and Transparency Oversight of Local Government Center for International Rural Studies Center Private Enterprise $23,200, Democratic Mechanisms $363,496, Enhancing Grassroots for Combating Corruption Participation in Reform Convergence and Safety Consultancy Spending by program focus in Middle East $80,000, Security Sector Reform and North Africa, 2011 Egyptian American Rule of Law Assocation $73,000, Reforming Freedom $1,456,400 Accountability $2,427,500 of Information Legislation for Better Governance $806,400 Civic Education

Egyptian Center for Education Rights $810,700 Conflict Resolution $26,100, Strengthening Democratic $2,256,296 Practice among Education Professionals Democratic Ideals and Value $1,210,796 Egyptian Democracy Institute Developing Market Economy $43,500, Legislative Monitoring $98,600 Egyptian Democratic Academy Freedom of Association $2,002,000 $75,600, El Mahrousa Academy Freedom of Information El-hak Center for Democracy and Human Rights Human Rights $25,000, Strengthening the $3,523,845 Capacity of Local Journalists NGO Strengthening

Fares Foundation for Social Welfare Political Processes $30,000, Democracy through Art $2,982,567 Rule of Law Hukuk Elnas $1,258,587 $10,000, Promoting Street Law $2,426,842 Strengthening Political Institutions

66 | National Endowment for Democracy Empowerment Center for Kurdistan Civil Rights Organization MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Iraq Partnership and Equality $39,000, Dialogue between Duhok Al Aawg Foundation for Development $32,500, Leadership Training for Female Provincial Council Members and Citizens $39,000, Developing Democratic Political Party Cadres in Dhi Qar Province Awareness among Students Kurdish Institute for Elections at Diyala University Enmaa Center for Researches $79,000, Strengthening the Role of the and Studies Citizen in the Legislative Process Al Noor Universal Foundation $50,000, Strengthening Civil Society Mawtini Organization for $110,000, Activating the Role of Impact on Policy Making Citizens and CSOs in Developing Local Youth Development Councils and Services in Diyala Humanitarian Charity $25,000, Networking Youth and Organization (Al-Khair) Political Leaders in Qadisiyya Al Tahreer Typical Society $41,000, Empowering Youth in Masaarat for Cultural and Media $94,000, Supporting Local Accountability of Political Parties in Maysan Provincial Council Members and Members Development (MCMD) of Parliament in Ninewa Province Hammurabi Organization for Human $50,000, Human Rights Advocacy Rights and Democracy Monitoring through Media in Iraq Altadamon Ligament for $142,000, Human Rights and Media Center for Iraqi Civil Sporting and Youth Rule of Law Training in Salah Society Organization Iraq $42,000, Anti-Corruption Education Eddine and Alanbar Province among Youth in Alanbar Province $40,000, Strengthening the Role of Civil Hope, Peace, Joy Organization Society in the Legislative Process Amal Humanitarian Association (Basra) $30,000, Civic Education for Youth Leaders $30,500, Strengthening Youth Model Iraqi Women Organization Leadership in Rural Society International Forum for Islamic Dialogue $25,000, Legislative Advocacy $69,000, Youth Success in for Women’s Rights American Center for International a Changing World Labor Solidarity National Foundation for $396,887, Strengthening & International Institute Human Development Defending Union Partnerships for the Rule of Law $37,000, Leadership Training $49,000, Strengthening Civil Society for Youth in Karbala Athar Center for Development Support for Judicial Independence $68,850, Athar Center for Development New Iraq Academic Organization Iraq Civic Action Network $34,000, Strengthening Cooperation Awareness Cultural Association $110,000, Capacity Building between Citizens and Local Government $40,000, Increasing Citizen Engagement for Legislative Advocacy and Government Accountability Public Policies Forum Iraqi al-Firdaws Society $37,000, Public Policy Forum in Baghdad Babylon National Association $66,000, Addressing Community Needs in Rawafad Al-Kheer for for Human Rights Basra through Women and Youth Advocacy $35,500, Monitoring and Documenting Youth Organization Violations of the Rule of Law and Iraqi Association for Human $35,000, Engaging Citizens of its Impact on the Judiciary Rights in Basra Shatrah in Legislative Oversight of $37,000, Radio Programs to Raise Dhi Qar’s Provincial Council Bent Al-Rafedain Organization Awareness of Violence against Women $45,000, Training Leaders for Shabak Women Association Advocacy on Women’s Rights Iraqi Center for Human Rights Activists $35,000, Women’s Rights in Mosul $41,000, Citizen Participation in Society to Defend Press Freedom in Iraq Center for Victims of Torture Documenting Human Rights Violations $150,000, Action Plan for Prison Monitoring $45,600, Freedom of Expression in Iraq Iraqi Center for Human Rights Southern Youth Organization Center for International and Democracy Studies $25,000, Communication and Private Enterprise $42,000, Advocacy Campaign for Municipal Negotiation Skills for Youth in Shatra $556,442, Building Constituencies Council Elections in Baghdad Province for Reform - Phase VII Sufraa Foundation for Development Iraqi Human Rights Watch Society $39,000, Activating Democratic Policy Civil Dialogue Forum $35,000, Engaging Local and Provincial Formation Within Local Councils in Babil $42,000, Mechanisms for Partnership Council Members in Promoting between Civil Society and State Institutions Human Rights in Karbala Women and Child Rights Center $42,900, Strengthening Opportunities Civil Society Initiative Iraqi Institute for Human Rights for Participation in Local Elections $34,000, Youth Political $50,000, Human Rights Training Participation in Sulaimaniyya and Monitoring in Kirkuk Women’s Legal Assistance $33,000, Reinforcing the Protection Civilized Dialogue Organization Iraqi Journalists Rights of Women’s Rights in Sulaimaniyya $30,000, Building Bridges between Defense Association Citizens and Local Government $48,000, Supporting Freedom Youth Activities Developing Center Cultural Humanitarian Iraq of of Information in Iraq $25,000, Youth Civic Participation in Sulaimaniyya Province the Future Organization Iraqi Social Education Team $33,700, Women’s Forum and Monitoring $111,450, Leadership Training for Young Legislation in Najaf Province Political Party Activists in Baghdad Jordan Democracy and Social Jssor Youth Organization Community Media Network Support Organization $20,800, Civic Education and (AmmanNet) $36,000, Youth Leadership Initiative Participation in Dhi Qar $109,000, Monitoring the Parliament Greyscale Films (Aramram) $35,000, Empowering the Voiceless Annual2011 Report | 67 Mleih Young Women’s Association Third Millennium Association for Social Development Mauritania for the Development of Civic $23,600, Advancing Women’s Rights National Democratic Institute Action in the Southeast for International Affairs $40,300, Strengthening Local Partnership Center for Democracy $170,000, Supporting Women’s Governance in Southeastern Morocco $59,000, Strengthening a Advocacy Initiatives Pro-Democracy Cadre Union of Associations of Fes-Medina $33,600, Fighting Corruption in Fès-Medina Vision Institute for Civil Society Studies $29,400, National Civil Society Morocco The Women’s Action Union Dialogue on Provisional Laws American Center for International $40,700, Combating Violence Labor Solidarity against Women in Casablanca Lebanon $869,070, Worker Empowerment and Union Capacity Building Saudi Arabia Arab Group for Christian- Alternative Citizen Movement (ALCI) Muslim Dialogue $41,000, Strengthening the Role of National Democratic Institute $29,600, Public Forum for Civil Society in Local Governance for International Affairs National Dialogue $260,000, Developing the Capacity Al Amane Association for the of Women Advocates Center for International Development of Women Private Enterprise $35,200, Promoting Human Rights $198,006, Expanding Entrepreneurship and Civic Engagement through Syria Education to the National Level Media and Technology Human Rights Development for People and Association Jeunes pour Jeunes (AJJ) $17,000 Nature Association (DPNA) $20,000, Promoting Youth Democratic Ideas and Values $115,200, Support for Local Engagement in Policy Monitoring Government Leadership $38,700 Association Mouvement Freedom of Information

MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Justice Without Frontiers Rihanate Citoyennes $94,300 $31,100, Justice for Women $30,000, Advocating for the Lebanese Association for Civil Rights Implementation of Constitutional Reforms International Republican Institute $500,000, Supporting Democratic Reform $47,500, Campaigning for an Optional Center for Humanities Lebanese Personal Status Law Studies and Research Lebanese Center for Policy Studies $65,000, Promoting Youth Leadership Tunisia $37,400, Responding to Political Crisis and Democratic Change Al-Jahedh Forum for Free Thought National Democratic Institute Espace Libre de Citoyenneté, de $115,500, Capacity Building for International Affairs Formation, et de Développement and Civic Education $325,000, Policy Development Center à Mohammedia (ELCIFODEM) Arab Institute for Human Rights $46,000, Promoting Local Ofaq Association for Development $42,900, Enhancing Civil Society’s Governance in Mohammedia Use of Video Documentation and Democracy $37,500, Dialogue in Ba’albak-Hermel Ibn Rochd Center for Studies Association Irtikaa for Effective and Communication Women Participation Rural Women and Development $31,100, Promoting Civic Journalism $28,000, Promoting Women’s $20,000, Women Participation Empowerment and Rights The Mediator for Democracy in Democratic Transition in the Beqaa’ Valley and Human Rights Center for International $25,000, Promoting Government Private Enterprise Sho’oun Janoubia (SJ) Accountability $80,000, Sho’oun Janoubia Magazine $259,657, Economic Platform Development Moroccan Association for the for Political Parties & Capacity Building Tamkeen wa Tanmiya Development of Social, Cultural, for Private Sector Political Engagement $46,300, Women’s Empowerment Program and Sports in Marrakesh International Republican Institute $20,000, Youth Participation in Human $50,000, Public Opinion Polling Rights, Democracy and Political Affairs Libya International Republican Institute Akhbar Libya Cultural Limited Moroccan Center for Human Rights $250,000, Supporting Political $70,000, Akhbar Libya website $20,000, Monitoring Human Rights & Civic Activists Violations at the Grassroots Level International Republican Institute International Republican Institute $80,000, Public Opinion Polling National Democratic Institute $475,000, Supporting for International Affairs Democratic Governance Libya Human and Political $200,000, Empowering Young Development Forum Leaders to Influence Youth Policies Kawakibi Democracy Transition Center $105,000, Advocating for Political Reform $25,000, Strengthening Citizenship Moroccan Review of Public Policies National Democratic Institute $29,000, Evaluating Public Policies Search for Common Ground for International Affairs $139,500, Enhancing Youth $168,500, Support for Political Transition Tanmia Association Engagement through New Media $30,000, Enhancing Civil Society’s New Libya Foundation Usage of Web-based Tools Youth and Skills Association (Maharat) $50,000, Youth Leadership and Civil $20,000, Promote Youth Civic Engagement Society Development Program

68 | National Endowment for Democracy Gaza Community Mental Women Journalists Without Chains MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA Turkey Health Programme $90,000, Civic Dialogue Forums in Yemen Association for Monitoring $21,700, Promoting Rights-based Yemen Foundation for Social Studies Equal Rights (AMER) Concepts in the Rule of Law $55,600, National Monitoring Network $37,300, Developing Democratic Culture The General Union of and Women’s Rights in Rural Communities Freedom of Expression Association Cultural Centers-Gaza Youth and Childhood Association $199,900, Participation of Civil $38,100, Promoting Youth Civic $20,200, Engaging Youth Society in Law Making Process Participation in Gaza Strip in Active Citizenship Human Rights Research Association Palestinian Center for Democracy $46,600, Advocating Comprehensive and Conflict Resolution (PCDCR) Legislation on Hate Crime $69,000, Together for Middle East and International Republican Institute National Reconciliation North Africa Regional $700,000, Enhancing Political Ramallah Center for Human American Center for International Party Competition Rights Studies Labor Solidarity National Democratic Institute $34,000, Promoting Tolerance $91,886, Building Support for Independent for International Affairs and Voluntarism Unions in Algeria, Egypt, & Palestine $600,000, Fostering a More Informed American Center for International & Responsive Political Environment Yemen Labor Solidarity Social Development and Gender Arab Foundation for Supporting $93,602, Strengthening Equality Policies Center Women and Juveniles Independent Unions $32,000, Partners for Equality $25,000, Building Women’s American Center for International Leadership Capacity Labor Solidarity West Bank and Attanweer Association for $247,763, Strengthening Teachers’ Social Development Unions in Jordan, Lebanon & Palestine Gaza Strip $25,000, Political Empowerment Al-Quds Center for Political Studies American Center for International for Yemeni Women Educators $60,000, Lessons from Turkish Democracy Labor Solidarity Center of International Humanitarian Center for the Study of $428,629, Union Building for Law and Human Rights a Democratic Future Islam and Democracy $25,000, Developing Youth $111,400, Muslim Democrats Network Al-Dameer Association Leadership Capacities Center for International for Human Rights Center for International $33,000, Promoting Human Rights in Gaza Private Enterprise Private Enterprise $394,939, Advancing Democratic Reforms Al Maqdese for Society Development $221,396, Supporting Entrepreneurship by Improving Access to Information $34,600, Protecting Workers Rights & Civic Engagement The Gulf and Middle East Safad Advertising Company (Wattan TV) Center for International Association for Civil Society $96,000, Holding Public Private Enterprise $78,500, Creating a Civil Society Officials Accountable $178,028, Building Communications Capacity for Business Associations International Center for Journalists, Inc. The Arab World Democracy $84,500, Strengthening the Capacity and Electoral Monitor Civil Development Foundation of Journalists in MENA Region $37,800, Towards a Strong $8,800, Establishing a Media Center Representative Elected Government for Independent Youth for Change International Forum for Islamic Dialogue $428,000, Islam21 Civic Education Network Center for Democracy and Civil Development Foundation Community Development $50,000, Strengthening Coordination International Republican Institute $30,000, Promoting Youth Citizenship and Strategy of Yemeni Youth Groups $500,000, Arab Women’s Leadership Institute Center for International Madar Legal Foundation National Democratic Institute Private Enterprise $27,000, Strengthening the $244,482, Expanding Corporate Independence of the Judiciary for International Affairs Governance Culture throughout $250,000, Promoting Online Community National Forum for Human Rights Building among Democrats the Private Sector $40,000, Monitoring Human Civitas Institute Rights Violations Network of Democrats $31,600, Citizen Participation in Gaza in the Arab World Partners Association for Development $405,000, Addressing Transitional Needs Coalition for Accountability $25,000, Advocating Women’s of Civil Society in the Arab World and Integrity (AMAN) Political Rights $37,000, Fighting Corruption Qualification and Legal Through Education Assistance for Human Rights Small Gulf States Community Media Center $25,000, Capacity Building for Regional $27,400, Promoting Women’s Human Rights Activists American Center for International Voices in Gaza Women Journalists Without Chains Labor Solidarity Filastiniyat $40,000, Strengthening the Role of New $331,147, Strengthening $59,400, Palestinian Female Media in Support of Freedom of Expression Trade Union Capacity Journalists Club

Annual2011 Report | 69 American Center for International Center for International International Republican Institute Labor Solidarity Private Enterprise $900,000, Women’s Democracy Network $480,108, Promoting Democratic $228,990, Improving Democratic & GLOBALInternational Republican Institute Participation & Rights for Economic Governance on the Local Level $572,500, Rising Stars Exchange Domestic Workers - Phase IV Center for International International Republican Institute American Center for International Private Enterprise $189,998, Rising Stars Exchange Labor Solidarity $219,139, Institutionalizing $241,714, Organizing Workers Responsible Corporate Citizenship National Democratic Institute in the Informal Economy in Development Banks for International Affairs $84,106, Promoting Innovations, American Center for International Center for International Interactions & Capacity Development Labor Solidarity Private Enterprise among the Regional & Global Networks $224,381, The Link Between $191,925, Knowledge Management 2011 of Nonpartisan Citizen Election Monitors Union Activism & the Expansion Center for International of Democratic Space National Democratic Institute Private Enterprise for International Affairs American Center for International $100,445, Forum on Economic $75,000, Training Materials to Labor Solidarity Freedom Network Implement of the Democracy & $176,808, Using International the Challenge of Change Guide Worker & Human Rights Standards East & Horn of Africa Human to Build Rule of Law Rights Defenders Project National Democratic Institute $41,550, The Pan African Human for International Affairs Center for International Rights Defenders Network $67,500, Delivering on Democracy Private Enterprise by Strengthening Policy $298,541, Forum on Economic Freedom Global Forum for Media Development $100,144, Advancing Support Development & Implementation Center for International for Independent Media National Democratic Institute Private Enterprise International Center for Journalists, Inc. for International Affairs $241,317, Supporting Youth $114,834, IJNet $60,000, Participation in the Community of Entrepreneurship & Leadership Democracies Non-Governmental Forum International Coalition of Historic Site Museums of Conscience $250,000, Regional Networks of Conscience

The Scholars at Risk Network, based at New York University, convened an advocacy team of experts in the fields of higher education and human rights to develop initiatives to protect academic freedom.

70 | National Endowment for Democracy Africa

Top left: As part of an International Coalition of Sites of Conscience-supported project, the Gulag Museum at Perm-36 trained staff members from Russian museums in interpreting histories of political repression and fostering dialogue on current threats to democracy. Top right: International Coalition of Sites of Conscience meeting in East Timor. Bottom left: The Women’s Learning Partnership and Sisterhood, a Global Institute/Jordan partner, organized a Youth Tech Festival with participants from the Middle East and North Africa. Bottom right: Collective Research and Training Development Action, a partner of the Women’s Learning Partnership, conducts advocacy in support of its Claiming Equal Citizenship campaign in Lebanon.

National Democratic Institute Women’s Learning Partnership for Center for International for International Affairs Rights Development and Peace Private Enterprise $50,000, International Standards $414,240, Women’s Empowerment $134,343, Program management and Model Codes of Conduct and Leadership for Democratic Legislatures International Republican Institute $150,000, Program development. National Democratic Institute Miscellaneous International Republican Institute for International Affairs $120,000, Program management $50,000, Strengthening the American Center for International Labor Solidarity Parliamentary Forum for Democracy National Democratic Institute $130,002, Program management National Democratic Institute for International Affairs $298,000, Program development for International Affairs American Center for International Labor Solidarity $35,000, Roundtable on Promoting National Democratic Institute $250,000, Program development Effective Political Party Assistance for International Affairs National Democratic Institute Center for International $132,394, Program management for International Affairs Private Enterprise $115,500, Strengthening Monitoring $336,095, Program development and Evaluation Systems in the Field

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 71Annual2011 Report | 71 statement for the project that offers recom- mendations to donors and policy makers. Both reports and the statement are available at the World Movement’s website. The World Movement for Democracy, initiated by NED in 1999, is a global network of activists, practitioners, scholars, donors, and others engaged World Movement Networking in advancing democracy around the world. Through electronic networking, The World Movement sponsors or promotes a number of partner networks, each regional meetings, global assemblies, and special projects, the World Movement focused on a particular geographic region facilitates the sharing of knowledge, information, and experiences to help or special function. These networks offer enhance the work of its participants and thus leverage the support provided by a unique depth for democracy advocates democracy assistance organizations like NED. interested in specific places or topics.

Defending Civil sistance Project has two key components: Networking Highlights: The Latin Society Project a series of country case studies conducted America and Caribbean Network for De- In 2007, the World Movement launched the by the Madrid-based think tank FRIDE mocracy (Redlad) continued its efforts Defending Civil Society Project to respond based on extensive interviews of democ- to strengthen Freedom of Association in to growing governmental restrictions on de- racy assistance recipients and other in- the region. After successfully advocat-

WORLD MOVEMENT FOR DEMOCRACY mocracy and human rights organizations. In formed observers in fourteen countries ing for the passage of the Organization of an effort to help bring civil and political soci- at various stages of democratic develop- American States Freedom of Association ety together to advance reforms, the World ment; and an online survey to gauge the and Assembly Resolution, it has remained Movement and the International Center views of democracy assistance practitio- engaged with several members of the OAS for Not-for-Profit Law ICNL joined several ners and recipients. Permanent Council, key officials within the other nongovernmental networks and organi- OAS, and other civil society organizations In 2011, Joel D. Barkan, of the Center zations in a Working Group on Enabling and in the region to pursue effective imple- for Strategic and International Studies, Protecting Civil Society of the Community of mentation of the Resolution. These efforts authored Democracies. The Working Group’s efforts Perceptions of Democracy Assis- included the Redlad in collaboration with , a report on the results of the survey. were influential in establishing the UN’s Spe- tance the Due Process of Law Foundation and FRIDE Director General Richard Youngs cial Rapporteur on Freedom of Assembly and the International Center for Not-for-Profit authored Association. In 2011, World Movement Steer- How to Revitalise Democracy Law to obtain a special hearing at the Inter , based on the ing Committee member Maina Kiai (Kenya) Assistance: Recipients’ Views American Human Rights Commission on country case studies. The World Move- became the first person to hold this position. freedom of association in the region. In ment Steering Committee prepared a The Defending Civil Society Project also saw the release of a new series of 15 country reports. These reports, prepared by World Movement participants and legal experts, analyze the legal environment under which civil society operates in five specific countries in each of three regions: Af- rica, Asia, and Latin America/Caribbean. The reports are available online at www. wmd.org/projects/defending-civil- society/country-reports. Democracy Assistance Project

The World Movement’s Democracy As- The World Movement’s Facebook page can be found at www.Facebook.com/ worldmovementfordemocracy

72 | National Endowment for Democracy WORLD MOVEMENT FOR DEMOCRACY

World Movement Steering Committee Mariclaire Acosta—Mexico Ana Gomes—Portugal Center for Investigation and Member of European Parliament Economic Teaching Paul Graham—South Africa Antoine Bernard—France Idasa: An African Democracy Institute International Federation Bambang Harymurti—Indonesia for Human Rights Tempo Publishing Igor Blaževic—Bosnia Hisham Kassem—Egypt People In Need, Czech Republic The Egyptian Today Francesca Bomboko— Asma Khader—Jordan Dem. Rep. of Congo Sisterhood Is Global Institute International Research and Consulting Bureau Maina Kiai—Kenya InformAction Kenya Ladan Boroumand—Iran Abdorrahman Boroumand Foundation Radwan Masmoudi—Tunisia Kim Campbell—Canada (Chair) Center for the Study of Former Prime Minister, Canada Islam and Democracy Kavi Chongkittavorn—Thailand Reginald Matchaba-Hove— The full report as well as the country case studies Nation Media Group Zimbabwe and a Steering Committee statement on the Zimbabwe Election Support Network Michael Danby—Australia project are available at www.wmd.org Member of Parliament George Mathew—India Institute of Social Sciences addition, the Network has launched an Melinda Quintos de Jesús— The Philippines Inna Pidluska—Ukraine effort to monitor human rights and de- Center for Media Freedom International Renaissance Foundation mocracy violations and issue alerts when and Responsibility Jacqueline Pitanguy—Brazil CEPIA – Citizenship Studies needed. As part of this effort, the Redlad Alicja Derkowska—Poland Education Society of Malopolska Information Action developed a specific website to gather this Han Dongfang—China (Vice Chair) Carlos Ponce—Venezuela information and track progress of alarming China Labour Bulletin Consortium for Justice and Development situations (http://defensores.net/). Esther Dyson—United States EDventure Holdings Vladimir Ryzhkov—Russia In 2011, its alerts reached more than Hannah Forster—The Gambia Russia’s Choice 50,000 recipients. African Centre for Democracy Hans Tippenhauer—Haiti Fondation Espoir and Human Rights Studies David French—United Kingdom Roel von Meijenfeldt— In 2011, the World Youth Movement for Convener Associates The Netherlands Democracy continued its efforts to build Carl Gershman—United States European Partnership for Democracy solidarity and provide opportunities for (ex officio*) Yevgeniy Zhovtis—Kazakhstan National Endowment for Democracy Kazakhstan International Bureau for young people to engage on democracy. * representing the Secretariat Human Rights and Rule of Law Hundreds of members from around the world participated in the first “Snapshot saw the addition of 21 new videos fea- of Democracy Global Photo Contest” by turing activists and practitioners sharing submitting their original photographs. their experiences and insights. The Youth Movement also sponsored the annual World Youth Day for Democracy DemocracyAlerts: In 2011, the World on October 18. To commemorate the Movement Secretariat issued or updated day, young people in a number of coun- 10 alerts on World Movement participants tries participated in activities held under and other democracy activists facing danger. the theme of “Ignite Change”. DemocracyNews: The World Move- World Movement ment’s monthly e-newsletter, Democ- Communications racyNews, reaches over 4,300 activists, DemocracyVoices: The World Move- scholars, and practitioners. Subscribe for ment’s video project, launched in 2010, free via the World Movement website. Annual2011 Report | 73 weekly Digital Media Mash Up. Sign up for these and other CIMA mailings and follow CIMA on Facebook and Twitter at www.cima.ned.org/about-cima/follow- cima. CIMA’s core activities complement NED’s he Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) at the role as a supporter of grassroots democracy ini- TNational Endowment for Democracy works to strengthen the support, raise tiatives and address many of the challenges that the visibility, and improve the effectiveness of independent media development have been identified in the field of US-spon- throughout the world. The Center provides information, builds networks, sored development of independent and sustainable media. To learn more about CIMA, conducts research, and highlights the indispensable role independent media please visit www.cima.ned.org. play in the creation and development of sustainable democracies. CIMA works to achieve these goals through discussions, in-depth reports,

CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL MEDIA ASSISTANCE and catalyst activities.

Discussions CIMA organizes panel discussions, working groups, and roundtables featuring practitioners and academics to investigate important issues in international media. CIMA held 15 public events in 2011 on topics including “Democ- racy, Dissent, and Digital Media in the Arab World” and “License to Censor: The Use of Media Regulation to Restrict Press Freedom”. All of CIMA’s upcoming and past events can be found with summaries and video and audio recordings at http://cima.ned.org/events. Mariane Pearl, widow of murdered Wall Street Journal journalist, Daniel Pearl, speaks on a panel Catalyst Activities discussion organized by CIMA on Capitol Hill marking World Press Freedom Day on May 3, 2011. CIMA maintains a comprehensive bib- liographic database of media assistance CIMA Advisory Council resources with more than 1,100 items. Patrick Butler Alex S. Jones Dale Peskin On its website, CIMA has posted country Esther Dyson Shanthi Kalathil Adam Clayton Powell III profiles detailing the status of indepen- Stephen Fuzesi, Jr. Susan King Monroe E. Price dent media in countries around the world and comparing media freedom indexes. William A. Galston Craig LaMay Adam Schiff These can be accessed on CIMA’s website Suzanne Garment Caroline Little Kurt Wimmer at www.cima.ned.org. CIMA also gath- Karen Elliott House Richard Lugar Richard Winfield ers articles from numerous news sources Ellen Hume Eric Newton on developments in media and distributes Jerry Hyman William Orme them via a Media News mailing and a

74 | National Endowment for Democracy CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL MEDIA ASSISTANCE

CIMA Reports CIMA commissions research reports on key topics in media development and also publishes papers summarizing some of its events and working groups. The Center published 14 reports in 2011: • Continental Shift: New Trends in Private U.S. Funding for Media Development • Challenges for Independent Media in a Post-Gaddafi Libya • Media Codes of Ethics: The Difficulty of Defining Standards Torben Brandt of International Media Support is interviewed after the CIMA event on Challenges • The Legal Enabling for Independent Media in a Post-Gaddafi Libya on October 6, 2011, by a journalist from al-Hurra Environment for Independent television. Media in Egypt and Tunisia • News on the Go: How Mobile Devices Are Changing the World’s Information Ecosystem • Matching the Market and the Model: The Business of Independent News Media • Media and the Law: An Overview of Legal Issues and Challenges • Confronting the News: The State of Independent Media in Latin America • Independent Media in Exile • Funding Free Expression: Janis Karklins, assistant director-general of UNESCO's Communication and Information Sector, moderates a session to adopt the Washington Declaration at UNESCO’s 2011 World Perceptions and Reality Press Freedom Day celebration at the National Press Club in Washington on May 3, 2011. in a Changing Landscape • Voices from Villages: World Press Freedom Day 2011 Community Radio in the Developing World 21st Century Media: New Frontiers, New Barriers • Iraq’s News Media After IMA’s major project in 2011 was its role as lead organizer of UNESCO’s World Saddam: Liberation, Repression, CPress Freedom Day conference. The three-day event, which took place at and Future Prospects the Newseum and the National Press Club in Washington, DC, was the biggest yet in UNESCO’s 20-year history of celebrating the occasion. The event hosted • Social Media in the Arab 800 registrants from more than 100 countries; featured 104 speakers from 45 World: Leading up to the countries; sponsored 75 fellows from nearly 30 countries; reached nearly 9 Uprisings of 2011 million people through social media; and inspired 500 news articles about the • Caught in the Middle: Central conference. CIMA leveraged its relationship with the State Department, media and Eastern European non-governmental organizations, and private industry to carry out the event, which resulted in the Washington Declaration, a resounding call for Internet and Journalism at a Crossroads media freedom around the world. Key donors for the event included the John S. CIMA’s reports are available for free and James L. Knight Foundation, Omidyar Network, Open Society Foundations, download at www.cima.ned. and Google. org/publications.

Annual2011 Report | 75 Democracy Resource Center he Democracy Resource Center (DRC) articles, DVDs, and more. WorldCat lets anyone Tcollects, organizes, and disseminates build and share lists, contribute reviews, find library information and analysis produced by and about items on a mobile phone, or use WorldCat apps in the wide range of groups and organizations Facebook. A subscription to WorldCat Local connects working to strengthen democracy abroad. the Democracy Resource Center to a network of 72,000 libraries from 170 different countries and The DRC consists of a library and an archive that territories. Visit the catalog: ned.worldcat.org holds approximately 20,000 works in 60 languages collected from NED grantees and other sources • International Democratic Development that can be searched via an online catalog. The Database: This database contains information on DRC also maintains several online resources, many more than 100 philanthropic organizations that provide of which are accessible on the NED website. grants, fellowships, and awards for groups working in the area of international democratic development. Library and Archives • Democracy Research Guide: The guide The library and archives house a collection of more includes suggested books, journals, websites than 20,000 books, journals, grantee reports, DVDs and and organizations on democracy promotion and CD-ROMs, and other publications on democracy. The related topics. The Democracy Research Guide DRC provides a unique collection of materials produced also includes a three-step research tutorial for by prodemocracy groups worldwide, documentation developing a structured research project. DEMOCRACY RESOURCE CENTER on the history of the Endowment and programs it has funded, and information on the activities of other • NDRI Digital Library: The NDRI Digital Library democracy-building groups and organizations. on Democracy (DLD) features more than 4,000 full- text publications produced by Network of Democracy Online Resources Research Institute (NDRI) member institutions. Internet resources created and maintained by the This online library provides scholars, activists, and DRC include: others interested in democracy promotion and related issues with access to an online repository • Online Catalog: WorldCat is a single search of materials, many produced by new think tanks that connects users to all of the library’s books, in developing and transitional countries.

The Democracy Resource Center is Washington's leading center for research on democracy.

76 | National Endowment for Democracy he International Forum for Democratic Studies was established as a division THE INTERNATIONAL FORUM within the Endowment in April 1994. Since then the Forum has emerged as Ta leading center for analyzing and discussing the theory and practice of democratic development and a clearinghouse for information on groups and institutions working to achieve and maintain democracy around the world. Through its publications, conferences, and academic networking, the Forum also supports and enhances the Endowment’s grants program and the World Movement for Democracy.

The Forum’s activities, many of which are funded by private contributions, involve and benefit scholars, policy makers, and activists representing diverse experiences and views. The Forum carries out three interrelated programs:

A Research and Conferences Program; the quarterly publication of the Journal of Democracy; and a Fellowship Program, comprising the Reagan-Fascell Democracy Fellows Program and a small Visiting Fellows Program. To learn more, visit http://www.ned.org/research.

Research and Conferences Program

Forum research focuses on issues of ences Program, the Forum administers nance program convened a meeting democratic transition and consolidation the Network of Democracy Research of democracy assistance practitioners as well as on the common challenges Institutes (NDRI), an international and leading experts on Tunisian politics, facing both new and established democ- association of research centers that democratic transitions, and electoral and racies. Each year the Forum convenes study democracy, democratization, constitutional design. The participants meetings ranging from international con- and related topics in comparative sought to identify potential obstacles to ferences to smaller seminars, lectures, politics and international affairs. To reform and to put forward options that and colloquia in Washington, D.C. In the learn more, visit www.ndri.ned.org. Tunisians might choose among as they past year the Forum cosponsored two attempt to craft a democratic transition. major international conferences—one The Forum also serves as the sec- on democracy in Asia and one on the retariat for the Comparative Democ- Roundtable Discussion: foreign policies of emerging market ratization section of the American “Egypt’s Transition Process” democracies—as well as an international Political Science Association, for which In February, the Forum and Georgetown workshop, several roundtable meet- it publishes an electronic newslet- University’s Democracy and Gover- ings on the Middle East in light of the ter, maintains a website, and helps to nance program convened a meeting “Arab Spring,” two lectures, including promote collaboration among US-based of government officials, democracy the prestigious Seymour Martin Lipset and foreign democracy scholars. assistance practitioners, and leading Lecture on Democracy in the World, experts on Egyptian politics, political and numerous luncheon colloquia. Roundtable Discussion: “Tunisia: transitions, and electoral and constitu- The Problems of Transition, the tional design for the purpose of iden- Network of Democracy Challenge of Democratization” tifying the challenges and options for Research Institutes In January, the Forum and Georgetown supporting indigenous Egyptian efforts As part of the Research and Confer- University’s Democracy and Gover- to initiate a transition to democracy.

2010 NED ANNUAL REPORT 77Annual2011 Report | 77 Conference: “Foreign Policies of Roundtable: “The Challenges of a and future prospects of democracy in Emerging Market Democracies: Transition to Democracy in Libya” East Asia. Revised versions of papers What Role for Democracy On July 27, the Forum organized a round- presented at the conference will appear and Human Rights?” table discussion on the situation in Libya. in a Journal of Democracy book to On April 14–15, the Forum cospon- The meeting brought together specialists be published early in 2013. For sored a conference with the Brookings on Libyan affairs and leading experts on more information, please see: Institution entitled “Foreign Policies the challenges of post-conflict societ- www.ned.org/events/democracy-in-east- of Emerging Market Democracies: ies, democratic transitions, and electoral asia-andtaiwan-in-global-perspective. What Role for Democracy and Human and constitutional design in order to Rights?” The conference featured identify some possible paths toward Conference on “Nigeria’s 2011 panels on the records of India, Brazil, the emergence of a democratic Libya. Elections and the Challenges Ahead” Turkey, South Africa, Indonesia, and On September 15, the Forum organized South Korea in advancing human rights International Workshop on a half-day conference in Washington, and multilateral democracy. A report “Translating Research Into Policy” D.C., entitled “Nigeria’s 2011 Elec- on the meeting is available at: www. On August 18–19, the Forum’s Net- tions and the Challenges Ahead.” ned.org/events/foreign-policies-of- work of Democracy Research Institutes emerging-market-democracies-what- (NDRI) and Korea’s East Asia Institute Eighth Annual Seymour THE INTERNATIONAL FORUM role-for-democracy-and-human-rights. co-hosted a Korea Foundation-sponsored Martin Lipset Lecture on workshop in Seoul entitled “Translat- Democracy in the World: Roundtable: “Democracy ing Research into Policy: Successful Abdou Filali-Ansary delivered the Assistance for North Korea” Experiences, Relevant Lessons.” eighth annual Seymour Martin Lipset On June 7, the Forum and the Korea Lecture on Democracy in the World. Institute for National Unification orga- International Conference on See the "News and Events" sec- nized a conference on “Democracy “Democracy in East Asia and tion of this report for more details. Assistance for North Korea.” Panelists Taiwan in Global Perspective” focused on possible scenarios of regime On August 24–25, the Forum and The International Forum for Democratic transition, the transition experiences National Taiwan University cospon- Studies colloquium series included topics of other countries, and recommenda- sored a conference in Taipei entitled ranging from "Latin America's Changing tions for the international community. “Democracy in East Asia and Taiwan in Political Landscape" to "The Chechen Global Perspective.” Leading scholars, Struggle: Independence Won and Lost." including Pippa Norris, Stephan Haggard, Visit www.ned.org/research to learn more. Benjamin Reilly, Jih-wen Lin, and Tun- jen Cheng, discussed the current state

Since its first appearance in 1990, the Javier Corrales, Eduardo Posada-Carbó, Schraeder and Hamadi Redissi, Tarek Journal of Democracy has established and Michael Shifter—January); assessed Masoud, and Philip N. Howard and Mu- itself as the leading voice in discus- the advantages and dangers of new com- zammil M. Hussain—July); and compared sions of the problems and prospects munications technologies in struggles for the Arab revolts both with one another of democracy around the world. democracy (with Rebecca MacKinnon, and with previous revolutionary waves Xiao Qiang, and Evgeny (with Zoltan Barany, Stéphane Lacroix, In 2011 the Journal examined shifts in Morozov—April); analyzed the upheav- Lucan Way, Marc F. Plattner, and John political trends in Latin America (with als in Egypt and Tunisia (with Peter J. Carey and Andrew Reynolds—October).

78 | National Endowment for Democracy International Advisory Committee

Chinua Achebe Adam Michnik THE INTERNATIONAL FORUM Shaul Bakhash Guillermo O’Donnell (1936–2011) Zbigniew Brzezinski Ergun Özbudun Hernando de Soto Julio María Sanguinetti Václav Havel (1936–2011) Philippe C. Schmitter Saad Eddin Ibrahim Natan Sharansky Byung-Kook Kim Mário Soares Martin C.M. Lee Lourdes Sola Arend Lijphart Hung-mao Tien Juan J. Linz

edited by Marc F. Plattner and Larry $11.00 for postage; those outside North Diamond and published by the Johns America add $15.60 for air freight. For Hopkins University Press. More than further pricing information, including on- two dozen books have been published line subscriptions, please visit our Web The 2011 issues also included two in the series. For the complete list of site at www.journalofdemocracy.org. essays by imprisoned Nobel laureate Journal of Democracy books, please Liu Xiaobo (January); an analysis of the visit www.journalofdemocracy.org. To subscribe, send a check or money “Paradoxes of the New Authoritarian- order in US dollars to The Johns Hop- ism” by Ivan Krastev (April); an exami- The Journal of Democracy is published kins University Press, Journals Division, nation of the situation in Sudan on the quarterly by the Johns Hopkins Univer- 2715 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD eve of South Sudan’s independence sity Press in January, April, July, and 21218-4363, Tel: 800-548-1784, Fax: by Khalid Mustafa Medani (July); and October. Subscriptions are $40 per year 410-516-6968, or visit www.press.jhu. a set of essays on the foreign policies for individuals and $150 for institutions. edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/. of new democracies by Pratap Mehta, Subscribers in Canada and Mexico add Rizal Sukma, Soli Özel and Gencer Özcan, and Ted Piccone (October). Journal of Democracy Editorial Board Beginning in 2009, an annual edition of the Journal of Democracy en Español Sheri Berman Bruce Gilley Joshua Muravchik has been published by the Institute Nancy Bermeo E. Gyimah-Boadi Andrew J. Nathan of Political Science at the Pontifical Ladan Boroumand Donald L. Horowitz Ghia Nodia Catholic University of Chile. Beginning Michael Bratton Richard Joseph Minxin Pei in 2012, a semi-annual online edition Daniel Brumberg Robert Kagan Condoleezza Rice of the Journal of Democracy: Edicão Thomas Carothers Terry Lynn Karl Olivier Roy em Português will be published by the Yun-han Chu Ivan Krastev Andreas Schedler Fernando Henrique Cardoso Institute Donald K. Emmerson Steven R. Levitsky Lilia Shevtsova (São Paulo) and the Edelstein Center João Carlos Espada Cynthia McClintock Aleksander Smolar for Social Research (Rio de Janeiro). Charles H. Fairbanks, Jr. Michael McFaul Alfred Stepan Abdou Filali-Ansary (on leave) Vladimir Tismaneanu Pratap Bhanu Mehta Selected essays originally published Steven Friedman Arturo Valenzuela Leonardo Morlino in the Journal of Democracy have Francis Fukuyama Lucan A. Way Alina Mungiu-Pippidi been collected into a series of books Sumit Ganguly Laurence Whitehead

Annual2011 Report | 79 how the rise of endemic violence in Latin America is challenging democratic consolidation. In Feb. 2011, he gave a Named in honor of two of NED’s principal founders, former US President presentation at NED entitled “Violence, Ronald Reagan and the late US Congressman Dante Fascell (D-FL), the Rea- Criminality, and the Erosion of the gan-Fascell Democracy Fellows Program enables democratic activists, prac- Democratic State in Latin America.” titioners, scholars, and journalists from around the world to deepen their understanding of democracy and enhance their ability to promote democratic Dr. Levan change. The program is based at the International Forum for Democratic Stud- Berdzenishvili ies, NED’s research and publications arm, in Washington, D.C. Reagan-Fascell (Georgia, Oct. 2010- fellowships are typically five months in duration and focus on the political, so- Feb. 2011) is found- cial, economic, legal, and cultural aspects of democratic development. ing president of the Republican Institute, In 2010–2011, the Reagan-Fascell Democracy Fellows Program hosted lead- a think tank focusing democratic activists, journalists, and scholars from a wide range of coun- ing on civic education and democracy tries, including Angola, Cameroon, China, Georgia, Ghana, India, Iran, building in Georgia. Following his involve- Mauritius, Mexico, Nigeria, Russia, Ukraine, and Venezuela. ment in the establishment of the under-

FELLOWSHIPS ground Republican Party of Georgia in Ms. Mahboubeh Investigative Reporting (ICIR) in Abuja. 1978, he spent three years in the Soviet Abbasgholiza He previously served as senior associate Gulag (1984–87). Trained as a classical deh (Iran, Feb.- editor and Abuja bureau chief for TELL, philologist, he helped to found the Unit- July 2011) is a one of Nigeria’s preeminent independent ed National Movement of Georgia, along women’s rights political magazines. During his fellow- with future president Mikheil Saakashvili, activist, journalist, ship, Mr. Aiyetan examined the role of and was a member of the Georgian and filmmaker from investigative journalism, especially non- parliament from 2004 to 2008. During Iran. A founding member of the Stop profit newsrooms and reporting centers, his fellowship, Dr. Berdzenishvili studied Stoning Forever campaign and the Ira- in promoting public accountability, trans- the historical and cultural challenges fac- nian Women’s Charter Movement, she parency, and integrity in Nigeria. In Jan. ing Georgian democracy and published is currently the coordinator of Zanan TV 2011, he gave a presentation at NED en articles offering analysis and commen- (www. ZananTV.org), an online television titled “Combating Corruption in Nigeria: tary on politics in his country. In Feb. channel that promotes gender equality in The Promise of Investigative Reporting.” 2011, he gave a presentation at NED Iran. During her fellowship, she devel- entitled “A Not-So Rosy Result: Georgia oped a strategic framework for locating Dr. Arturo Seven Years after the Rose Revolution.” common ground between Iran’s Green Alvarado (Mexico, movement and the Iranian women’s Oct. 2010-Feb. Dr. Anton Burkov movement, delivering a NED presenta- 2011) is professor (Russia, Oct. tion in June 2011 entitled “Engendering in the department 2010-Feb. 2011) the Movement for Democracy in Iran.” of sociology at El is a lawyer based Colegio de México in Yekaterinburg, Mr. Dayo (Center for Social Science). He is also Russia. A human Aiyetan (Nigeria, a founder of Democracia, Derechos rights advocate, he Oct. 2010-Feb. Humanos y Seguridad, an NGO based has litigated cases in Russian courts, 2011) is founding in Mexico City. During his fellow- including the Supreme and Constitu- director of the Inter- ship, he used case studies of Brazil, tional courts, and currently serves as national Center for Colombia, and Mexico to investigate a legal representative in a number of

80 | National Endowment for Democracy cases before the European Court of human security, electoral reform, and presentation entitled “Making Gender Human Rights. During his fellowship, Dr. poverty eradication in southern Africa. Quotas Work: A Case for Doubling Burkov investigated the principles that During her fellowship, Dr. Kasenally the Seats in the Indian Parliament.” the European Convention can contribute investigated how the mechanisms of to Russian legislation and legal practice. deliberative democracy may be applied Dr. Carlos Ponce He also explored the establishment of to Mauritius in order to deepen its demo (Venezuela, March- an international human rights exchange cratic culture. In Dec. 2010, she gave July 2011) is program between Russian and US law a presentation at NED entitled “From general coordina- schools. Dr. Burkov gave a presentation Postcard to Scorecard: Assessing the tor of the Latin

in Feb. 2011 at NED entitled “Bringing Quality of Democracy in Mauritius.” American and Carib- FELLOWSHIPS Human Rights Home: Application of the bean Network for European Convention in Russian Courts.” Mr. Rafael Democracy, a network of over 210 Marques de civil society organizations across the Ms. Anne Stella Morais (Angola, Americas. He is also a lecturer at Tufts Fomumbod (Cam- March-Sept 2011) University and a member of the steer- eroon, March-July is an award-winning ing committee of the World Movement 2011) is founder journalist with a for Democracy (WMD). During his and chief executive special interest fellowship, he examined ways in which officer of Interfaith in political economy and human rights civil society organizations can improve Vision Foundation in Angola. In 2009, he founded the strategies to defend democracy in Latin Cameroon (IVFCam), an NGO based watchdog website “Maka,” dedicated to America, including regional mechanisms in Cameroon’s Northwest region that exposing corruption in his country. Dur- to guarantee freedom of association. works with community-based organi- ing his fellowship, Mr. Morais examined zations to promote human rights and the extent to which institutionalized Prof. H. Kwasi democracy at the grassroots level. corruption affects rule of law, democra- Prempeh (Ghana, During her fellowship, Ms. Fomumbod tization, and functionality of the Angolan April-July 2011) is a developed a blueprint for a center on state. In May 2011, he gave a presen- professor at Seton human rights and women’s political tation at NED entitled “Corruption in Hall University participation in Cameroon. In June 2011 Angola: An Impediment to Democracy.” School of Law, in she delivered a presentation at NED New Jersey, where entitled “From the Grassroots to the Na- Dr. Medha he teaches courses in constitutional tion: Promoting Women’s Human Rights Nanivadekar law and comparative constitutional- and Political Participation in Cameroon.” (India, March-July ism. During his fellowship, Professor 2011) is director Prempeh undertook a comprehensive Dr. Roukaya of the Center for review of Ghana’s constitutional and Kasenally (Mauri- Women’s Studies legal systems in order to identify ways tius, Oct. 2010-Feb. at Shivaji Univer- in the current constitution and the 2011) is senior lec- sity in Kolhapur, India, and president existing regime of laws have been turer in media and of Bharatiya Stree Shakti, an Indian complicit in which the entrenchment political systems women’s organization. During her fellow- of Ghana’s imperial presidency. In June at the University ship, Dr. Nanivadekar examined wom 2011, he delivered a presentation at of Mauritius. She is also co-founder and en’s quotas worldwide in order to devise NED entitled “How (Not) to Write an president of the Institute of Social Devel- effective strategies for negotiating equal African Constitution: Reflections on opment and Peace, a think tank promot- gender quotas in the Indian parlia- Ghana’s Current Constitutional Review.” ing dialogue and debate on issues of ment. In June 2011, she gave a NED

Annual2011 Report | 81 Mr. Mykola Dr. Luis Ugalde Mr. Wan Riabchuk (Mexico, March- Yanhai (China, Nov. (Ukraine, March- July 2011) has, 2010-March 2011) July 2011) is a over the past 20 has been a lead- senior research years, combined ing voice on HIV/ fellow at the a distinguished AIDS-related human Ukrainian Center academic career rights issues in for Cultural Studies (UCCS) in Kyiv, and with high-ranking positions within the China for almost two decades. In 1994, co-founder of Krytyka, a leading Ukrai- Mexican government. During his fellow- he founded the Beijing Aizhi Action Proj- nian magazine. During his fellowship, Mr. ship, Dr. Ugalde compared his experi- ect (later renamed the Beijing Aizhixing Riabchuk completed a book manuscript ence during Mexico’s 2006 presidential Institute of Health Education) and has on the democratic transitions of Eastern election with other cases of contested aided in the development of numer- Europe, with a focus on Ukraine. In May elections, exploring the factors that ous other NGOs to benefit populations 2011, he delivered a presentation at NED increase the likelihood of post-electoral on the margins of society. During his entitled “Ukraine’s Convoluted Transi- conflict in new and consolidated democ- fellowship, Mr. Wan analyzed strate- tion: Between Dysfunctional Democracy racies. In June 2011, he gave a presenta gies for strengthening human rights and and Unconsolidated Authoritarianism.” tion at NED entitled “The 2012 Mexican civil society development in China. He

FELLOWSHIPS Elections: A New Test for Democracy.” gave a presentation at NED in March 2011 entitled “The Nobel Peace Prize and China’s Human Rights Movement.”

Visiting Fellows Program In addition to the Reagan-Fascell Democracy Fellows Program, the Interna- In 2010–2011, tional Forum for Democratic Studies hosts a small Visiting Fellows Program NED’s Democracy for scholars and practitioners with outside funding who wish to be affili- Resource Center ated with the Forum. During the 2010–2011 fellowship year, the Forum hosted (DRC) and Visiting Visiting Fellows Stephen Ndegwa, Mary Speck, and Allen Weinstein. Fellows Program welcomed the first Dr. Stephen Dr. Mary Speck Visiting Library Ndegwa (Kenya, (US, Oct. 2010-July Fellow, Professor Allen Weinstein March-Aug. 2011) is 2011) conducted (US, June 2010-May 2011). A distin- a Lead Public Sector research concern- guished public intellectual who headed Governance Special- ing Cuba’s failed the Democracy Program that led to ist at the World democratic move- NED’s founding in 1984, Weinstein used Bank in Washington, ment from 1950 his fellowship to contribute a treasure D.C. His fellowship project focused on to the consolidation of communist trove of materials to NED’s Library, legislative-driven budget processes and rule in the early 1960s. Following her including documents relating to the devolved development funds. He gave a fellowship, she accepted a position as Endowment’s earliest days. As a Visiting roundtable presentation on his fellow- a senior analyst with the International Library Fellow, he conducted research ship topic at NED on April 21, 2011. Crisis Group’s Latin America Program. for his book manuscript, Odyssey: The Democratic Revolutions of Our Time, and gave a roundtable presentation chaired by NED president Carl Gershman.

82 | National Endowment for Democracy Fatima Mernissi International Forum for Democratic Mohammed V University (Morocco) Leonardo Morlino Studies Research Council Scuola di Governo, LUISS (Italy) Muthiah Alagappa E. Gyimah-Boadi Alina Mungiu Pippidi East-West Center Center for Democracy and Hertie School of Governance (Germany) Lisa Anderson Development (Ghana) Joshua Muravchik American University of Cairo Stephan Haggard Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies Pauline Baker University of California at San Diego The Fund for Peace Chaibong Hahm Yasmeen Murshed Center for Analysis & Choice (Bangladesh) RESEARCH COUNCIL Shaul Bakhash Asan Institute for Policy Studies (Korea) George Mason University Peter Hakim Andrew J. Nathan Columbia University Joel D. Barkan Inter-American Dialogue Center for Strategic and International Studies John Harbeson Ghia Nodia Ilia State University (Georgia) Peter L. Berger Johns Hopkins School of Advanced Boston University International Studies Ergun Özbudun Bilkent University (Turkey) Nancy Bermeo Harry Harding Oxford University University of Virginia Thomas Pangle University of Texas Ladan Boroumand Jonathan Hartlyn Abdorrahman Boroumand Foundation University of North Carolina Minxin Pei Claremont McKenna College Michael Bratton Steven Heydemann Michigan State University U.S. Institute of Peace Adam Przeworski New York University Daniel Brumberg Donald L. Horowitz Georgetown University Duke University Robert Putnam Harvard University Janusz Bugajski Saad Eddin Ibrahim Center for Strategic and International Studies Ibn Khaldoun Center for Richard Rose Development Studies (Egypt) University of Strathclyde (Scotland) Zora Bútorová Institute for Public Affairs (Slovakia) Richard Joseph Jacques Rupnik Northwestern University Fondation Nationale des Sciences Tomás Chuaqui Politiques (France) Pontificia Universidad Catolica (Chile) Terry Lynn Karl Stanford University Andreas Schedler Yun-han Chu Center for Economic Research Academia Sinica (Taiwan) Byung-kook Kim Korea Foundation and Teaching (Mexico) Michael Coppedge Philippe Schmitter University of Notre Dame Atul Kohli Princeton University Instituto Universitario Europeo (Italy) Gerald Curtis Stephen Sestanovich Columbia University Ivan Krastev Centre for Liberal Strategies (Bulgaria) Columbia University Robert Dahl Lilia Shevtsova Yale University Steven R. Levitsky Harvard University Carnegie Moscow Center (Russia) Denise Dresser Aleksander Smolar Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México Peter Lewis Johns Hopkins School of Advanced The Stefan Batory Foundation (Poland) John B. Dunlop International Studies Stephen John Stedman Stanford University R. William Liddle Stanford University Donald Emmerson Ohio State University Alfred Stepan Stanford University Arend Lijphart Columbia University João Carlos Espada University of California at San Diego Nathan Tarcov Portuguese Catholic University Juan J. Linz University of Chicago Charles H. Fairbanks, Jr. Yale University Vladimir Tismaneanu Hudson Institute Abraham F. Lowenthal University of Maryland at College Park Abdou Filali-Ansary University of Southern California Elizabeth Ungar Institute for the Study of Muslim Ci- Corporación Transparencia por Colombia vilisations (United Kingdom) Scott Mainwaring University of Notre Dame Ashutosh Varshney Steven Friedman Brown University Centre for the Study of Kanan Makiya Democracy (Johannesburg) Brandeis University Nicolas van de Walle Cornell University Francis Fukuyama Vincent Maphai Stanford University South African Breweries Lucan A. Way University of Toronto Sumit Ganguly Cynthia McClintock Indiana University George Washington University Laurence Whitehead Oxford University Bruce Gilley Michael McFaul Portland State University Stanford University (on leave) Jan Zielonka Oxford University Louis W. Goodman Pratap Bhanu Mehta American University Centre for Policy Studies (India)

Annual2011 Report | 83 Report of Independent Auditors The Board of Directors National Endowment for Democracy Washington, DC

We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of National Endowment for Democracy (the Endowment) as of September 30, 2011, and the related statements of activities and change in net assets and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Endowment’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America and the standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Endowment’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Endowment as of September 30, 2011, and the change in its net assets and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

In accordance with Government Auditing Standards, we have also issued our report, dated June 28, 2012, on our consideration of the Endowment’s internal control over financial reporting and on our tests of its compliance with certain provisions of laws, regulations, contracts, and grant agreements and other matters. The purpose of that report is to describe the scope of our testing of internal control over financial reporting and compliance and the results of that testing, and not to provide an opinion on the internal control over financial reporting or on compliance. That report is an integral part of an audit performed in accordance with Government Auditing Standards and should be considered in assessing the results of our audit.

Vienna, Virginia June 28, 2012

84 | National Endowment for Democracy Balance Sheet September 30, 2011 ______2011 Assets Cash And Cash Equivalents $ 3,346,819 Investments 651,304 Grants Receivables 88,961,980 Other Receivables 121,958 Prepaid And Other Assets 284,955 Property And Equipment, net ______3,329,003 Total assets $ 96,696,019 ======Liabilities And Net Assets Liabilities Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $ 1,775,961 Grants payable 89,229,720 Refundable advances – Due to DOS 1,851,799 Deferred rent ______1,711,033 Total liabilities ______94,568,513 Net Assets Unrestricted 1,120,606 Temporarily restricted ______1,006,900 Total net assets ______2,127,506 Total liabilities and net assets $ 96,696,019 ======See Notes To Financial Statements.

Annual2011 Report | 85 Statement Of Activities And Change In Net Assets Year Ended September 30, 2011

2011 Temporarily Unrestricted Restricted Total Support and revenue: Grant revenue – government agencies $ 134,943,294 $ - $ 134,943,294 Other grants and contributions - 570,183 570,183 Other revenue, interest, and - miscellaneous income 224,407 - 224,407 Net assets released from restriction – satisfaction of program restrictions ______559,918 ______(559,918) ______- Total support and revenue ______135,727,619 ______10,265 ______135,737,884

Expenses: Program services: Federal grants programs 113,013,151 - 113,013,151 Other activities – federal 4,130,297 - 4,130,297 Other activities – non-federal ______511,016 ______- ______511,016 Total program services 117,654,464 - 117,654,464

Supporting services: Management and general ______17,919,267 ______- ______17,919,267 Total expenses ______135,573,731 ______- ______135,573,731 Change in net assets 153,888 10,265 164,153

Net assets: Beginning ______966,718 ______996,635 ______1,963,353 Ending $ 1,120,606 $ 1,006,900 $ 2,127,506 ======See Notes To Financial Statements.

86 | National Endowment for Democracy Statement Of Cash Flows Year Ended September 30, 2011

______2011 Cash Flows From Operating Activities Change in net assets $ 164,153 Adjustments to reconcile change in net assets to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 695,564 Realized and unrealized gain (951) Deferred rent (1,036,325) Changes in assets and liabilities: (Increase) decrease in: Grants receivable 3,602,540 Other receivables 131,277 Prepaid expenses (151,271) Increase (decrease) in: Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 52,826 Grants payable (2,045,368) Refundable advances – Due to DOS ______523,618 Net cash provided by operating activities ______1,936,063

Cash Flows From Investing Activities Purchases of property and equipment ______(1,028,546) Net cash used in investing activities ______(1,028,546)

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 907,517

Cash And Cash Equivalents Beginning ______2,439,302

Ending $ 3,346,819 ======See Notes To Financial Statements.

Annual2011 Report | 87 National Endowment for Democracy term could materially affect investment balances and Notes to Financial Statements the amounts reported in the financial statements. Year Ended September 30, 2011 Investments: The Endowment’s investments consist entirely of mutual funds and are reflected at fair NOTE 1. NATURE OF ACTIVITIES AND market value. To adjust the carrying value of these SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES investments, the change in fair market value is included as a component of investment income in the Nature of activities: The National Endowment for Democ- statement of activities and changes in net assets. racy (the Endowment) is a private, not-for-profit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. The establishment Fair value of financial instruments: The carrying amounts of the Endowment was followed by the National Endow- of the Endowment’s financial instruments, including ment for Democracy Act (the Act) of the United States cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts pay- Congress which authorized the terms by which NED could able and accrued expenses, approximate fair value receive an annual appropriation from Congress in the because of the short maturity of these instruments. form of a grant awarded through the United States Infor- Property and equipment: Property and equipment is stated mation Agency (USIA). The purpose of the Endowment at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is is to encourage free and democratic institutions through- computed using the straight-line methods over the esti- out the world through activities that promote individual mated useful lives of the related assets, which range from rights and freedoms. The Endowment awards grants to three to ten years. The Endowment capitalizes all property organizations with programs consistent with its objec- and equipment purchased with a cost of $5,000 or more. tives. On October 1, 1999, USIA and the US Department of State (USDOS) consolidated. Accordingly, the Endowment Valuation of long-lived assets: The Endowment accounts for receives funding for its annual Congressional Appropria- the valuation of long-lived assets under the Impairment or tion and other special federal funding from the USDOS. Disposal of Long-Lived Assets Topic of the Codification. This Topic requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable A summary of the Endowment’s significant intangible assets be reviewed for impairment whenever accounting policies follows: events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carry- Basis of accounting: The financial statements are pre- ing amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverabil- pared on the accrual basis of accounting, whereby, ity of the long-lived asset is measured by a comparison of revenue is recognized when earned and expenses the carrying amount of the assets to future undiscounted net are recognized when incurred. The Endowment re- cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If such ports to the US Government on the basis of obliga- assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be tions incurred and cash expenditures made. recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value Basis of presentation: The Endowment is required to of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reportable at the report information regarding its financial position and lower of the carrying amount or fair value, less costs to sell. activities according to three classes of net assets: unrestricted net assets, temporarily restricted net assets, and Grants receivable: Grants receivables are due from the De- permanently restricted net assets. There were no per- partment of State (DOS) and represent funds obligated by manently restricted net assets at September 30, 2011. the Endowment to other organizations and administrative costs incurred by the Endowment. When the Endowment Cash and cash equivalents: For purposes of report- incurs expenses and when approves and obligates grant to ing cash flows, the Endowment considers all highly the various organizations, a receivable from the Department liquid investments purchased with a maturity of of State (DOS) and a related grant payable is recorded. The three months or less to be cash equivalents. Endowment collects US government funds by filing requests Financial risk: The Endowment maintains its cash for direct funding and by presenting payment vouchers in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may ex- against letters of credit when it disburses cash for program ceed federally insured limits. The Endowment has grants and administrative costs. When payments are re- not experienced any losses in such accounts. The ceived from the awarding agency, the receivable is reduced. Endowment believes it is not exposed to any signifi- Management does not obligate any grants until the fund- cant financial risk on cash and cash equivalents. ing is approved and thus determined that there is no need for provision for doubtful accounts at September 30, 2011. The Endowment invests in mutual funds. Such investments are exposed to various risks such as market and Grants payables: Grants payable represent the undis- credit. Due to the level of risk associated with such bursed balances of funds obligated to the Endowments investments and the level of uncertainty related to grantees. Grantee organizations are entitled to collect change in the value of such investments, it is at least funds as needed in accordance with the terms of the reasonably possible that changes in risks in the near grant agreement. Such grants payable are generally

88 | National Endowment for Democracy disbursed within a 12-month period after the funds whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed have been obligated to the Endowment’s grantees. on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. The Endowment files tax returns in the US fed- Refundable advances –Due to DOS. Amount rep- eral jurisdictions. Generally, the Endowment is no longer resents funds returned to the Endowment by subject to US federal or state and local income tax ex- grantees for grants that have been deobligated aminations by tax authorities for years before 2008. plus indirect rate amount that was charged. Subsequent events: Subsequent events have been evalu- Support and revenue: The Endowment receives grants ated through June 28, 2012, which is the date the financial from DOS and private grantors for various purposes. statements were available to be issued. This review and Grants received from DOS specify the periods in which evaluation revealed no new material event or transac- monies are to be expended. Additionally, certain gov- tion that would require an additional adjustment to or ernment grants restrict the use of funds for programs disclosure in the accompanying financial statements. in specific countries. Revenue from government grants is recognized as earned in the year in which the Endowment obligates the funds for the intended purpose that is set forth in the grant agreement. NOTE 2. INVESTMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Agreements with DOS provide for the subsequent au- The Endowment’s investments are measured at fair value dit of costs funded under the grant agreements. It is and consist entirely of amounts invested in mutual funds. the policy of the Endowment to provide for cost dis- allowances based upon its experience in previous The Fair Value Topic of the FASB Codification (the Codifica- grant audits. There was no provision for such disal- tion) defines fair value as the price that would be received lowance for the year ended September 30, 2011. to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measure- Contributions: The Endowment reports gifts of cash and other ment date and sets out a fair value hierarchy. The fair value assets as restricted support if they are received with donor hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in stipulations that limit the use of the donated assets. When a active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) donor restriction expires (that is, when a stipulated time restric- and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). tion ends or purpose restriction is accomplished), temporarily Inputs are broadly defined as assumptions market partici- restricted net assets are reclassified in the statement of activities pants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The three and change in net assets as net assets released from restrictions. levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below: Income on these net assets is classified as temporarily restricted or unrestricted, in accordance with the donor’s stipulation. Level 1 – Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities Use of estimates: The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assump- Level 2 – Observable market-based inputs or unobservable tions that affect the reported amounts of assets and inputs corroborated by market data liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are not at the date of the financial statements, and the reported corroborated by market data amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. In determining the appropriate levels, the Endowment performs a detailed analysis of the assets and liabilities Income taxes: The Endowment is generally exempt that are subject to accounting for fair value measure- from federal income taxes under the provisions of Sec- ments. At each reporting period all assets and liabilities tion 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. In addition, for which the fair value measurement is based on sig- the Endowment qualifies for charitable contributions nificant unobservable inputs are classified as Level 3. deductions and has been classified as an organization There were no Level 3 inputs for any assets or liabili- that is not a private foundation. Income which is not re- ties held by the Endowment at September 30, 2011. lated to exempt purposes, less applicable deductions, is subject to federal and state corporate income taxes. The Endowment’s mutual funds are comprised of man- There was no net tax liability for unrelated business in- aged funds, with the underlying investments consisting come tax for the year ended September 30, 2011. of mainly corporate and US government bonds. The fair values of these investments have been estimated Management has evaluated the Endowment’s tax posi- using net asset value (NAV) per share of the invest- tions and has concluded that the Endowment has taken ment. The Endowment had no unfunded commitments no uncertain tax positions that require adjustment to the to these investments. The Endowment is permitted to financial statements to comply with the provisions of make redemptions at any time and amount and, there- the accounting standard on accounting for uncertainty fore, these investments are considered a Level 2 item. in income taxes, which addresses the determination of

Annual2011 Report | 89 NOTE 3. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT Property and equipment and accumulated depreciation at September 30, 2011, consist of the following: Estimated Accumulated Asset category Lives Cost Depreciation Net Leasehold improvements 2 – 10 years $4,997,464 $2,220,020 $2,777,444 Furniture and fixtures 3 – 7 years 682,293 437,852 244,441 Computer equipment and software 3 – 5 years 879,228 572,110 307,118 $6,558,985 $3,229,982 $3,329,003

Depreciation expense for the year ended September 30, 2011 was $695,564.

NOTE 4. GRANT REVENUE – GOVERNMENT AGENCIES Grant revenue for the year ended September 30, 2011, consists of the following:

2011 Total appropriations received from the US Department of State $117,764,000 ======Grants awarded/amended during the year $18,907,183 ======Revenue recognized Grants obligated, net of deobligations $113,013,151 Other grant-related expenses 21,930,143 ------

$134,943,294 ======

NOTE 5. EXPENSES Program expenses for the year ended September 30, 2011, represent the following activities:

2011 Federal grant programs $113,013,151 ------Other activities – federal: International Forum: Journal of Democracy 411,580 Research and conferences 193,119 Management and support 370,008 Reagan/Fascell Fellowship Program 1,063,812 Democracy Resource Center 496,703 World Movement for Democracy 722,345 Center for International Media Assistance 872,730 ------4,130,297 ------Other activities – non-federal: International Forum: Management and support 5,112 Journal of Democracy 71,941 Research and conferences 42,459 Assessing Democracy Assistance 70,575 World Movement for Democracy – Defending Civil Society 192,568 World Movement for Democracy 69,863 NED events and development 58,498 ------511,016 ------$117,654,464 ======

90 | National Endowment for Democracy NOTE 6. TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED NET ASSETS Temporarily restricted net assets are available for the following purposes at September 30, 2011:

Balance at Balance at September 30, 2010 Additions Releases September 30, 2011 NED events and development $ 634,283 $ 50,131 $ (72,923) $ 611,491 World Movement for Democracy: Hurford Youth 1,400 1,000 (2,400) - Canada Def. Civ. Soc. 64,252 376,135 (192,568) 247,819 Assessing Dem. Assist. 74,039 - (70,575) 3,464 SIDA 173,208 - (38,813) 134,395 International Forum: Journal of democracy - 75,000 (71,941) 3,059 Visiting Fellows Program 551 - - 551 Research and conferences - 36,815 (36,815) - UNDEF 48,902 - (48,902) - Korea Foundation - 30,000 (24,981) 5,019 7th Assembly Youth Exchange - 1,102 - 1,102 $996,635 $ 570,183 $ (559,918) $ 1,006,900

Net assets were released from donor restrictions by incurring expenses satisfying the restricted purposes specified by donors during the year ended September 30, 2011.

NOTE 7. BANK LETTER OF CREDIT During fiscal year 2005, the Endowment obtained a standby letter of credit in the amount of $377,323 from a commercial bank. The letter of credit represents the security deposit for the Endowment’s noncancelable operating lease for office space. On October 22, 2010, the letter of credit was decreased to $188,661, in accordance with the lease amendment.

NOTE 8. RELATED PARTIES The Endowment awards grants to various organizations to be used for programs that the Board of Directors deter- mines are consistent with the purposes of the NED Act. Some of the organizations that submit proposals and are awarded funds have members of their Boards of Directors represented on the Board of Directors of the Endow- ment. Article VI, Section V of the Endowment’s bylaws provides that any Board member who is an officer or director of an organization seeking to receive grants from the Endowment must abstain from considering a voting on such grant. The provision does not prevent any director from supplying factual information that the Board requests.

NOTE 9. OPERATING LEASE The Endowment has a noncancelable operating lease that was amended on October 31, 2010, to include additional space and an extension of the lease term to March 1, 2021. The lease for office space includes a provision for rent escalations. The lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis ratably over the term of the lease. The difference between the straight-line expense and the required lease payment is reflected as deferred rent and lease incentive in the accompanying balance sheet.

2012 $ 3,290,330 2013 3,378,595 2014 3,463,063 2015 3,549,639 2016 3,638,381 2017 – 2021 19,938,048 $ 37,258,056

Rent expense was $1,725,804 for the year ended September 30, 2011. Annual2011 Report | 91 NOTE 10. RETIREMENT PLAN The Endowment has a defined contribution annuity plan for all of its employees, under which the Endowment contributes a percentage of eligible employees’ annual earnings to individually-owned tax-deferred annuity contracts. The Endow- ment’s contribution to the plan is based on 10% of an eligible employee’s annual earnings. Employer contributions to the plan for the year ended September 30, 2011 were $1,015,897.

NOTE 11. CONTINGENCY Federal awards: The Endowment participates in a number of federally-assisted grant programs, which are subject to financial and compliance audits by the federal government or its representative. Management does not anticipate significant adjustments as a result of such an audit.

NOTE 12. CONCENTRATIONS OF REVENUE During the year ended September 30, 2011, substantially all of the Endowment’s revenue related to grants from the US Government.

***

92 | National Endowment for Democracy NED Board of Directors Officers William A. Galston Chairman Emeriti Richard A. Gephardt (Chairman) Zalmay Khalilzad Dante B. Fascell (1917-1998) Judy Shelton (Vice-Chair) Larry A. Liebenow John Richardson Robert Miller (Secretary) Princeton Lyman (on leave) William E. Brock Robert H. Tuttle (Treasurer) Will Marshall Winston Lord Carl Gershman (President) Gregory W. Meeks John Brademas Azar Nafisi Vin Weber John Bohn Moisés Naím James Boland Andrew J. Nathan Norm Coleman Marilyn Carlson Nelson Rita DiMartino Fred Redmond Kenneth Duberstein Stephen Sestanovich Michele Dunne Anne-Marie Slaughter Martin Frost Vin Weber Francis Fukuyama George Weigel

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE World Movement for Democracy Rosemary D’Amour Carl Gershman Art Kaufman Project Coordinator President Senior Director Valerie Popper Zarmina Nashir Ryota Jonen Project Coordinator Executive Assistant to the President Senior Manager Barbara Haig Cecilia Anderson OPERATIONS Deputy to the President for Project Manager J. William Leonard Policy & Strategy Karin Cannock Chief Operating Officer Ragan Updegraff Event Manager Finance Special Assistant to the Deputy Dana O’Leary Darda Duncan to the President Project Officer Senior Director Ishraga Eltahir Ray Navarro GOVERNMENT RELATIONS Project Assistant Finance Manager & PUBLIC AFFAIRS Mariam Ispahany Theresa Shegog David Lowe Project Assistant Finance Administrator Vice President Varvara Zhigilei Stephani Nummelin Research Associate Human Resources and Assistant to the Vice President Christopher Thurau Administration Jane Riley Jacobsen Events Assistant/Research Associate Sheri Melvin Director, Public Affairs Senior Director Center for International Kelly Dougherty Darryll Joyner Director, Congressional Relations Media Assistance Manager, Human Resources Marguerite Sullivan Michael Allen Lindlee Frasier Senior Director Special Assistant to the Vice President Office Administrator Editor, Democracy Digest Don Podesta Suzanne Levine-Gallo Center Manager and Editor Office Services Wayne Coates Web Communications Manager Shannon Maguire Manager Jean Schindler Program and Conferences Officer Mark Fields Publications Officer Anthony Abate Office Services Assistant Michael Crump Project Coordinator Web Communications Assistant Annual2011 Report | 93 Daniel Summers Rudy Massamba Patrick Walsh Office Services Assistant Assistant Program Officer Program Officer Knowledge Management & IT Christopher O'Connor Kate Resta Assistant Program Officer Assistant Program Officer Paul Moniz Amanda Phaneuf Vragovich Bryan Terrill Senior Director Assistant Program Officer Program Assistant Shannon Schreiner Natalie Kay IT Systems Manager Program Assistant PROGRAMS: ASIA, MIDDLE Chris French Elizabeth Marcotte EAST AND NORTH Senior Help Desk Analyst Program Assistant AFRICA, GLOBAL John Maestros Louisa Greve Senior Network Engineer Latin America & the Vice President Rohan Sinha Caribbean Region Help Desk Analyst Miriam Kornblith Asia & Global Director Brian Joseph Democracy Resource Center Fabiola Cordova Senior Director Allen Overland Senior Program Officer Samlanchith Chanthavong Director Julio Rank Senior Program Officer Tim Myers Program Officer Louisa Chiang Senior Librarian Brandon Yoder Senior Program Officer Morgan Grimes Program Officer John Knaus Electronic Resources Librarian Janelle Nodhturft, Senior Program Officer Anna Yevropina Assistant Program Officer Lynn Lee Archivist/Librarian Aimel Rios Wong Senior Program Officer Emily Vaughan Assistant Program Officer Wilson Lee Library Assistant Michelle Hoefer Senior Program Officer Program Assistant Sinchang Chiu PROGRAMS; EUROPE, Program Officer EURASIA, AFRICA, & Central and Eastern Europe Region Mona Dave LATIN AMERICA Program Officer Nadia Diuk Rodger Potocki Aung Maw Zin Vice President Senior Director Program Officer Volodymyr Kozoriz Ivana Howard David Angeles Senior Program Budget Officer Senior Program Officer Assistant Program Officer Gina Lentine Joanna Rohozinska Tenzin Palkyi Program Assistant Senior Program Officer Assistant Program Officer Janet Rabin Satter Africa Assistant Program Officer Middle East and North Dave Peterson Agnieszka Gmys-Wiktor Africa Region Senior Director Assistant Program Officer Laith Kubba Joshua Marks Benjamin Morano Senior Director Senior Program Officer Program Assistant Rahman Aljebouri Eric Robinson Senior Program Officer Senior Program Officer Russia & Eurasia Region Karen Farrell Kamissa Camara Miriam Lanskoy Senior Program Officer Program Officer Director Richard Kraemer Sonja Uwimana Martha Beard Senior Program Officer Program Officer Program Officer Hamid Arsalan Yohanan Assefa Spaska Gatzinska Program Officer Assistant Program Officer Program Officer Fatima Hadji Leusia Mahoney Elspeth Suthers Program Officer Assistant Program Officer Program Officer Amira Maaty Program Officer

94 | National Endowment for Democracy Henry Huttinger Regis Saxton Karell Camara Assistant Program Officer Grants Administrator Auditor Hanane Zelouani Idrissi Claire Selsky Donna de Guzman Assistant Program Officer Grants Administrator Auditor Geoffrey King Hamida Shadi Svetlana Sukovatitsyn Assistant Program Officer Grants Administrator Audit Associate Layan Jawdat Mariama Souare Program Assistant Grants Administrator INTERNATIONAL FORUM Adrieh Shehadeh Maria Kim FOR DEMOCRATIC STUDIES Program Assistant Grants Assistant Marc Plattner Mary Anne Limoncelli Vice President for Research & Studies PROGRAMS; PLANNING, Grants Assistant Director, International Forum GRANTS MANAGEMENT, Renee Rosser Co-Editor, Journal of Democracy COMPLIANCE & Grants Assistant Larry Diamond EVALUATION Alicia Wondoloski Senior Advisor Co-Editor, Journal of Democracy Georges Fauriol Grants Assistant Vice President Teresa Chavers Christopher Walker Administrative Assistant Executive Director, Grants Administration International Forum Michael Davis Grantmaking Resource Center Nathan Grubman Senior Director Myriam Fizazi-Hawkins Assistant to the Vice President Nicolette Aftimos Co-Director Assistant Editor, Journal of Manager Nancy Herzog Democracy Lindsay Demidovich Co-Director Melissa Aten-Becnel Manager Elise Forrester Senior Research and Conferences Christopher Ragonese Grants Systems Manager Officer, International Forum Manager Jerome Wei Jessica Ludwig Frank Conatser Program Planning Analyst Assistant Program Officer, Senior Grants Administrator Andrew Bodrogligeti International Forum Mauna Dosso Program Assistant Philip Costopoulos Senior Grants Administrator Galen Pardee Executive Editor, Journal of Democracy Bashar Hilbawi Program Assistant Senior Grants Administrator Brent Kallmer Program Monitoring Managing Editor, Journal of Andriy Yuzvenko & Evaluation Democracy Senior Grants Administrator Rebekah Usatin Tracy Brown Nina Crawford Manager Associate Editor, Journal of Grants Administrator Morgan Courtney Democracy Leah Flynn Program Assistant Sally Blair Grants Administrator Compliance Senior Director, Fellowship Programs Katya Forbes Zerxes Spencer Grants Administrator Keith Burton Senior Director Program Manager, Lindsay Gibbs Fellowship Programs Grants Administrator Chibuzo Ogbonna Manager Judith Welling Rula Jamous Program Officer, Fellowship Programs Grants Administrator Java Dorjsuren Senior Auditor Sarah Amin Rena Memmedli Research Associate Grants Administrator Adel Mawla Senior Auditor Sukanya Banerjee Sonia Pastuhov-Pastein Research Associate Grants Administrator Silvia Vest Senior Auditor Hilary Collins Fifi Saba Research Associate Grants Administrator Elena Bernstein Auditor Ryan Doherty Tamar J. Satterwhite Research Associate Grants Administrator Annual2011 Report | 95 The National Endowment for Democracy thanks the following for their generous support:

THE ALBERT SHANKER INSTITUTE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR (AFL-CIO) AMERICAN FEDERATION OF TEACHERS FOREIGN AFFAIRS & INTERNATIONAL TRADE CANADA (DFAIT) FUNDACIÓN PARA EL AVANCE DE LAS REFORM GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY GOOGLE, INC. INDIANA UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL UNION OF BRICKLAYERS THE JOHN B HURFORD FOUNDATION THE LYNDE & HARRY BRADLEY FOUNDATION MACARTHUR FOUNDATION KOREA FOUNDATION KOREA INSTITUTE ROCKEFELLER BROS STANFORD UNIVERSITY STRATEGIC STAFFING TAIPEI ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL REPRESENTATIVE OFFICE IN THE US UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO THOMAS R DONAHUE KENNETH M DUBERSTEIN PATRICIA & J WILLIAM LEONARD MAX M KAMPELMAN KA MILLER JUDY AND GILBERT SHELTON BRENDA SHVETZ ROBERT H TUTTLE ALLEN WEINSTEIN JOHN C WHITEHEAD Democracy involves the right of the people freely to determine their own destiny. The exercise of this right requires a system that guarantees freedom of expression, belief and association, free and competitive elections, respect for the inalienable rights of individuals and minorities, free communications media, and the rule of law.

— “Statement of Principles and Objectives,” 1984 1025 F Street, N.W. Suite 800 1 2 Washington, D.C. 20004 (202) 378-9700 (202) 378-9407 fax Online at www.ned.org E-mail: [email protected]

1. A woodcut of the Goddess of Democracy statue that is presented as NED’s Democracy Award, as carved by artist Thomas Marsh. 2. The Oruj Learning Center (Afghanistan) promotes women’s 3 participation in the workplace and decision-making bodies. 3. The International Forum for Islamic Dialogue (Iraq) organizes 4 5 capacity building courses for youth and NGO representatives. 4. The Antenna Foundation (Nepal) increases citizen participation in Nepal’s democratic process through radio. 5. The Center for Justice and International Law (Latin America, Regional) worked with the Sarayaku people in their land rights case before the Inter-American Court. 6. The Kremenchug City Committee of Youth Organizations (Ukraine) organized a Forum for Youth Activists entitled, “Ukraine - Youth are the Future.” 7. The Ustadh Mahmoud Taha Cultural Center (Sudan) promotes democracy in Khartoum. Asma M. Taha is Executive Manager. 8. A young demonstrator after elections in Russia. 9. Suvash Darnal, a Nepalese democracy and human rights advocate and founder of the Samata Foundation (Nepal), was killed in August 2011 in a highway accident outside Washington, DC. 10. Civic activist Evgeniya Chirikova addresses the Civil Leadership School run by Vision of Tomorrow (Russia). 11. A young voter casts his ballot in the Democratic Republic of Congo (photo courtesy of National Democratic Institute). 6 7

8 9 10 11 2011 ANNUAL REPORT National Endowment for Democracy