European Perspectives II

© CECS 2015 All rights reserved This book is available for free on: www.cecs.uminho.pt Title Radio, sound and Internet Editors Madalena Oliveira & Fábio Ribeiro ISBN 978-989-8600-37-0 Cover Pedro Portela Format eBook, 372 páginas Publication date 2015, september Editor CECS - Centro de Estudos de Comunicação e Sociedade Universidade do Minho Braga . Portugal Director Moisés de Lemos Martins Vice-Director Manuel Pinto Graphic format and Ricardina Magalhães digital editing This book is sponsored by “NET Station: shaping radio for Web environment” project (PTDC/ CCI/122384/2010), which was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, by structural fundings COMPETE and QREN. Contents Introduction Radio, sound and the Internet in a hard of hearing society 6 Madalena Oliveira & Fábio Ribeiro I. Children and youth, school radio and media education Children’s radio: sonorous games and binding environments 10 Rodrigo Fonseca Fernandes O papel sociológico do rádio escolar na contemporaneidade 20 Rachel Neuberger Jamboo Rádio Web: ensino e aprendizagem por meio de web rádio à luz da Educomunicação 29 Lorenna Oliveira; Gustavo dos Santos Fernandes & Juliana Bulhões Rádio, jovens e pesquisa de audiências – a nova realidade portuguesa 40 João Paulo Meneses How the São Paulo youngsters listen to radio? 48 Daniel Gambaro II. Regulation and governance Censorship or democratization? The media regulation in Brazil 60 Bruno H. B. Rebouças & Elaine Nogueira Dias A Rádio em Portugal – análise contextual 70 Renato Leite The legal status of personalized radio in Europe, as exemplified by the NETRADIO project in Poland 87 Jedrzej Skrzypczak 3 III. Experiences, inclusion and communities La radio como instrumento de rehabilitación y recuperación en trastorno mental severo y crónico: experiencias en la Comunidad de Madrid 99 Manuel Fernández Sande & Carlos Manuel Leal Leal A mídia sonora como instrumento de formação e inclusão social de jovens protagonistas em rede de ensino público no Brasil 111 Cândida Lemos Rádio Universitária Gazeta AM de São Paulo: inclusão profissional. Um olhar sobre o programa Tarde Gazeta 123 Sérgio Pinheiro da Silva O rádio como difusor da identidade cultural: uma análise da Rádio FM Esperança 87,9 da cidade de Ielmo Marinho 133 Gustavo dos Santos Radio Caribbean Pearl - The role of community radios in the Nicaraguan Autonomous Region of the Southern Atlantic 143 Robert M. Bichler & Andreas J. Röser Rádio Cidade: o tempo e som 157 Paulo Lepetri IV. Transmedia storytelling, transradio and convergence Radio y nuevas narrativas: de la crossradio a la transradio 168 María del Pilar Martínez-Costa A Requiem for Aural Fiction: On Capitalizing the Sound Medium’s Potential for (Transmedia) Storytelling 188 Marta Noronha e Sousa; Nelson Zagalo & Moisés de Lemos Martins The use of transmedia storytelling in the radio universe 200 Johan Cavalcanti van Haandel & Fernando Ramos Hybrid Processes on radio: how the video camera is becoming part of a new format of radio shows 209 Claudio Yutaka Suetu; Daniel Gambaro & Thais S. Ramos The TV as a radio 224 Vyara Angelova 4 Voz do Brasil – possibilidades convergentes para uma produção radiofônica tradicional 230 Graziela Bianchi V. Internet, apps and social networks Music radio APPs in Spain and Portugal. Old strategies in the Self- Communication era 241 Teresa Piñeiro Otero & Xabier Martínez Rolán Redes sociales y periodismo radiofónico en España y Portugal: análisis comparativo de las nuevas formas de participación del oyente 256 Fátima Ramos del Cano El uso de las redes sociales por parte de los programas deportivos nocturnos de la radio española 276 Alfonso Muerza Ferrer & Avelino Amoedo Casais VI. Formats, narratives and sound resources Unpacking the box of delights: how BBC Radio 4 embraces the short-form feature 289 Geoff McQueen Serial and ten years of podcasting: has the medium grown up? 299 Richard Berry Crónica radiofónica: autoria e ordem discursiva 310 M. Emília Pereira Políticas, práticas e narrativas do jornalismo radiofónico português na Web 323 Luís Bonixe Ruídos como sustentação para o CD “Chão” de Lenine 334 Paulo Borges Sound Aesthetics in Fernando Curado Ribeiro 352 Rogério Santos When the Internet seems to be deaf. Sound resources to enrich online radio advertising 362 Emma Rodero; Olatz Larrea; Lluis Mas; Marina Vázquez & María Blanco 5 Oliveira, M. & Ribeiro, F. (eds) (2015) Radio, sound and Internet Proceedings of Net Station International Conference pp. 6 -8 MADALENA OLIVEIRA & FÁBIO RIBEIRO Introduction Radio, sound and the Internet in a hard of hearing society At odds with the idea that radio is an archaic and nostalgic medium, the Internet has been understood as a kind of new transistor. However more than an expanded form of wireless communication, the Web corresponds to a new age for radio and audio media. Born to be blind, or non-visual, for the first time radio has been seriously challenged by the empire of images. Due to its optical nature, the Internet has actually “forced” radio to become visible, given that there is no other way to tune in a radio broadcaster on the Internet than “navigating through” icons. Although more visibility usually means less capacity to listen to something, the Internet has also brought new forms of listening to. Podcasts and audio on demand are today a so- phisticated, but absolutely simple, way of providing listeners with new audio productions. Corresponding to a new way of listening to radio and a new paradigm of audio content distribution, as acknowledged by Ignacio Gallego (2010), podcasting represents one of the most innovative audio services provided by Internet. Adapted both to information and fiction/en- tertainment, this format changed the way radio has always been regarded. If in the past it was exclusively dedicated to live broadcast, which meant that audience and broadcast were simultaneous, today radio is, likewise other mainstream media, a platform of customized content. There is probably no evidence that today we are listening to radio or any other audio production more than we did before. Probably we are not. Although modernity can be defined as noisy (Hendy, 2013), our culture has been much more visual than aural. In an article on the relationship between images and words, published in Comunicação e Sociedade journal, Anabela Gradim recalls that “the invention of mass media, and then of the audiovisual, disseminated at a planetary scale the image culture which is today modelling the perception of the world” (Gradim, 2007, p. 190). This 6 Madalena Oliveira & Fábio Ribeiro IntroductionRadio, sound and the Internet in a hard of hearing society may even explain why there seems to be more confidence in what can be seen than in what is heard. The history of media and communication has therefore led us to a hard of hearing society, which affects not only our con- nection to the world but more intimately our interpersonal relationships. Discussing whether the future Internet is promising (or not) to the radio and audio media is today one of the most relevant and complex research themes in this sector. It consists in questioning technological pro- gress, audience practices and uses, narrative strategies, business models, and aesthetic trends. In all such dimensions, it implies a deeper sociologi- cal approach to the listening sense and therefore the role sound plays for the understanding of the world. To a certain extent this was the general goal of the project “Net Station: shaping radio for Web environment”. By inquir- ing the reconfiguration of radio on the Internet and the place of acoustic languages in cyberspace, this project was aimed at recentering the scientific debate on the relevance of sound within contemporary societies, usually reduced to the visual culture perspective. Three main conclusions of this project inspired the invitation for the Net Station International Conference which took place on 23rd and 24th April 2015, at the University of Minho, Braga (Portugal): 1) there is no doubt that radio invested in its adaptation to the Web, but multimedia resources are still underdeveloped on radios’ websites as audio is not particularly ‘visible’ neither on websites nor on apps and social networks; 2) there seems to be a complementariness between traditional radio and radio on the Internet in terms of uses, because Internet users who access radio websites state they access their preferred FM radio too, as explained in detail by Pedro Portela in his PhD dissertation (Portela, 2015); 3) the Internet demands the reconfiguration of radio language but it is also a powerful platform to stimulate sound production, to promote listening literacy and to draw attention to the requalification of our listening sense. Funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Net Station project (Ref. PTDC/CCI-COM/122384/2010) ended, as a formal project, in April 2015. However, the lively debate generated during the Net Station International Conference demonstrated that radio, sound and the Internet is an auspicious thematic triangle to keep believing audio media are not lifeless. As Lance Dann defended during the closing conference of this two-day scientific event, “media do not die; they transform”. Although radio and audio studies have a relatively modest tradition within communication sciences (especially when compared with other scientific areas), there seems to be an increasing interest for sound and 7 Madalena Oliveira & Fábio Ribeiro IntroductionRadio, sound and the Internet in a hard of hearing society acoustic languages in academia. It was this growing community of research- ers conducting investigation in this area that attended the final conference of Net Station project. A small but warm group of 55 participants coming from 11 countries discussed with the research team the outcomes of a three- year research plan and enriched the scientific programme of this event with eight parallel sessions. Contributions came from Portugal, Spain, Denmark, Germany, France, Poland, Brazil, Bulgaria, Romania, Austria and UK.

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