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The Itsy Pocket Computer Version 1.5: User's Manual.'' Marc A J U L Y 1 9 9 8 WRL Technical Note TN-54 The Itsy Pocket Computer Version 1.5 User's Manual Marc A. Viredaz d i g i t a l Western Research Laboratory 250 University Avenue Palo Alto, California 94301 USA The Western Research Laboratory (WRL) is a computer systems research group that was founded by Digital Equipment Corporation in 1982. Our focus is computer science research relevant to the design and application of high performance scientific computers. We test our ideas by designing, building, and using real systems. The systems we build are research prototypes; they are not intended to become products. There are two other research laboratories located in Palo Alto, the Network Systems Lab (NSL) and the Systems Research Center (SRC). Another Digital research group is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts (CRL). Our research is directed towards mainstream high-performance computer systems. Our prototypes are intended to foreshadow the future computing environments used by many Digital customers. The long-term goal of WRL is to aid and accelerate the development of high-performance uni- and multi-processors. The research projects within WRL will address various aspects of high-performance computing. We believe that significant advances in computer systems do not come from any single technological advance. Technologies, both hardware and software, do not all advance at the same pace. System design is the art of composing systems which use each level of technology in an appropriate balance. A major advance in overall system performance will require reexamination of all aspects of the system. We do work in the design, fabrication and packaging of hardware; language processing and scaling issues in system software design; and the exploration of new applications areas that are opening up with the advent of higher performance systems. Researchers at WRL cooperate closely and move freely among the various levels of system design. This allows us to explore a wide range of tradeoffs to meet system goals. We publish the results of our work in a variety of journals, conferences, research reports, and technical notes. This document is a technical note. We use this form for rapid distribution of technical material. Usually this represents research in progress. Research reports are normally accounts of completed research and may include material from earlier technical notes. Research reports and technical notes may be ordered from us. You may mail your order to: Technical Report Distribution DEC Western Research Laboratory, WRL-2 250 University Avenue Palo Alto, California 94301 USA Reports and technical notes may also be ordered by electronic mail. Use one of the fol- lowing addresses: Digital E-net: JOVE::WRL-TECHREPORTS Internet: WRL-Techreports@decwrl.pa.dec.com UUCP: decpa!wrl-techreports To obtain more details on ordering by electronic mail, send a message to one of these addresses with the word ``help'' in the Subject line; you will receive detailed instruc- tions. Reports and technical notes may also be accessed via the World Wide Web: http://www.research.digital.com/wrl/home.html. The Itsy Pocket Computer Version 1.5 User's Manual Marc A. Viredaz July 1998 Abstract The Itsy pocket computer is a exible research platform develop ed at Compaq Computer Corp ora- tion's Western Research Laboratory WRL. Its aim is to enable hardware and software researchin pocket computing, including low-p ower hardware, p ower management, op erating systems, wire-less networking, user interfaces, and applications. This do cument describ es the architecture and the low-level programming mo del of the Itsy computer. Revision 1.0 The Itsy Pocket Computer Version 1.5 : User's Manual Contents Acknowledgements 1 Disclaimer 1 1 Intro duction 1 1.1 History . 1 1.2 Notations . 2 2 Architecture 2 2.1 Pro cessor . 2 2.2 Power supply . 2 2.2.1 Power monitoring . 3 2.3 Reset scheme . 5 2.4 Control logic . 5 2.5 Memory system . 5 2.5.1 Flash memory . 6 2.5.2 Dynamic RAM . 6 2.6 Input/output devices . 7 2.6.1 Display and touch-screen . 7 2.6.2 Audio interface . 8 2.6.3 Serial interface . 8 2.6.4 Infrared interface . 10 2.6.5 Push-buttons . 11 2.7 Daughter-card interface . 11 2.7.1 Static-memory identi cation scheme . 16 3 Programmer's mo del 18 3.1 Memory map . 18 3.2 Mother-b oard general-purp ose input/output signals . 18 3.3 Non-volatile memory identi cation structure . 22 References 25 A Daughter-card mechanical sp eci cations 28 WRL, Compaq iii The Itsy Pocket Computer Version 1.5 : User's Manual List of Figures 1 Architecture of the Itsy p o cket computer . 3 2 Front panel of the Itsy computer . 4 3 Serial-interface cable to 6-pin male MMJ connector . 9 4 Serial-interface cables to 9-pin male and female DIN connectors . 10 5 Non-volatile memory identi cation structure for 16-bit devices . 24 6 Non-volatile memory identi cation structure for 32-bit devices . 25 7 Daughter-card mechanical sp eci cations . 29 8 Pad layout sp eci cations for the daughter-card connector . 30 List of Tables 1 Voltage thresholds for p ower monitoring . 4 2 Audio jack connector pin-out . 8 3 Serial-interface connector pin-out . 9 4 Daughter-card connector pin-out . 12 5 Daughter-card general-purp ose input/output signals . 16 6 Memory map . 19 7 Mother-b oard general-purp ose input/output signals . 20 iv WRL, Compaq The Itsy Pocket Computer Version 1.5 : User's Manual Acknowledgements The Itsy p o cket-computer pro ject was started and led by Bill Hamburgen. The hardware describ ed in this do cumentwas designed jointly by Bill Hamburgen and the author. The author would liketoacknowledge the supp ort of Marco Annaratone, Roy Levin, and Bob Supnik. The author is grateful to the design team of the StrongARM SA-1100 processor, in particular to Richard Witek, the chief architect, and to Gregg Mack, who designed the pro cessor's evaluation platform a.k.a. Brutus which served as a starting p oint to the design of the Itsy computer. Other memb ers of the StrongARM team who provided invaluable services are Lynn Comp, Tim Litch, Jeanne Meyer, Jim Montanaro, Tom Schild, and Je Slaton. The author is also indebted to the Itsy team at the Western Research Laboratory WRL and System Research Center SRC : Jo el Bartlett, Lawrence Brakmo, David Chaiken, Je Dean, Puneet Kumar, Bob Mayo, Sharon Perl, Barton Sano, Carl Waldspurger, and Deb orah Wallach, for their comments and feed-back. Sp ecial thanks go to Wayne Mack, who built several of the early prototyp es, and to Annie Warren, Steve Jeske, and Fran McGroary-Dehn for taking care of the pro ject's logistics. Disclaimer Compaq Computer Corp oration b elieves the information included in this pub- lication is correct as of the date of publication. Such information is sub ject to change without notice. Compaq is not resp onsible for inadvertent errors. Compaq makes no representations that the use of its pro ducts in the man- ner describ ed in this publication will not infringe on existing or future patent rights, nor do the descriptions contained in this publication imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment or software in accordance with the description. 1 Intro duction This do cument describ es the architecture and the programmer's mo del of the Itsy pocket computer. It should b e considered as a guide for low-level software develop ers and daughter-card designers. 1.1 History The rst printed-circuit board PCB, referred to as Itsy mother-board version 1.0,was completed in November 1997. This rst prototyp e had several aws, all of which could, fortunately, be corrected. The logic design corresp onding to a mo di ed i.e., patched version 1.0 b oard is known as Itsy mother-board version 1.1. This design corresp onds only to a set of schematics, no physical PCB having b een manufactured. A total of six version 1.0/1.1 systems were built. WRL, Compaq 1 The Itsy Pocket Computer Version 1.5 : User's Manual A second prototyp e, named Itsy mother-board version 1.5 was rst built in March 1998. It corresp onds to a version 1.1 system with a few additional features. From the programmer's p oint- of-view, there are almost no di erences b etween the versions 1.1 and 1.5. This do cument describ es the Itsy mother-b oard version 1.5. All relevant di erences between the versions 1.1 and 1.5 are outlined in fo ot-notes. 1.2 Notations In this rep ort, electrical signals are represented as upp er-case names in a sans-serif font e.g., PWR EN . Active-low signals are denoted byover-lines e.g., RESET, while buses and elementof buses are sp eci ed by subscripts e.g., D , A . In the schematics and PLD listing, the same 31 :: 0 0 signals are represented using the syntax and conventions of the corresp onding CAD to ols. For example, the signal CS app ears as ~cs[0] in the schematics, according to the WindowSIL [Tha97 ] 0 conventions, and is represented as !CS0 in the PLD listing, following the ABEL syntax of Synario [Syn96]. On the schematics, each comp onent is uniquely identi ed by a short reference 2 { 4 letters. In this do cument, these comp onent references are represented in a xed-size font e.g., s01.
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