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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0114536A1 Demoment (43) Pub

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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0114536A1 Demoment (43) Pub US 2011 011 4536A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0114536A1 Demoment (43) Pub. Date: May 19, 2011 (54) AVIATION GASOLINE FOR AIRCRAFT (30) Foreign Application Priority Data PISTON ENGINES, PREPARATION PROCESS THEREOF Jun. 30, 2008 (FR) ...................................... O8 O3654 (75) Inventor: Pascale Demoment, Le Havre (FR) Publication Classification (51) Int. Cl. (73) Assignee: Total Raffinage Marketing, CIOL L/04 (2006.01) Puteaux (FR) (52) U.S. Cl. .......................................................... 208/16 (21) Appl. No.: 13/001,932 (57) ABSTRACT The Subject of the present disclosure is an aviation gasoline (22) PCT Filed: Jun. 29, 2009 composition that is lead-free and free of oxygenated com pounds meeting the specifications of the ASTM standard (86). PCT No.: PCT/B2O09/OO6114 comprising isopentane, isooctane, and (alkyl)aromatics. The aviation gasoline composition according to the disclosure S371 (c)(1), may be obtained simply and economically from a mixture of (2), (4) Date: Dec. 29, 2010 hydrocarbon bases usually available in a refinery. arriasis eficiar; it FEEart: F2: septic: ; Fy: {{\; activated: sis getti t . $5Sa:tistis elascid F28 88% 3ctivated: as a grid-e F: 388 sci:sated: ared F: S.S.; Sctivated: -- as prict FE is $ 3ctiysted: in s Ssssss 58 SS i Sie sis Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 1 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 al-a-sidt F8; 8% 3ctivated said F: SSS. s. she did F2: 3:3: sci - arrapid F.E. 85% activated: S. rer: 4 F3 &S actixsters frei: - FESSESS scissists: --- assis a Sassiss S3 S R Site sain Figure i . ...::::::::...'...''.''...'...''''.'''...'...'...':'''''''''', '-'k:''.:k:'''''''''':-:'''''''''''''''': '...'...'...' '.'''...''x''''...'...''':k:-'-'''.-- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -----... log: activatio of F: Figure Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 2 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 3 x\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\xx.......xx-x-xx-xx-x-xx-aa\x. ...×xx-x-xx-xx's S 8. 8 -38 it 3.856. - Y was R = 8.388s s s SX S. S. S. S. S. S. S. S. 3&s-xxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxx-x-xx-xx-xx-xxxxxx-xxx-xx-xx-xxx-xxxxx's&x&sssssssssssssssssssss S. E.2 3. Ei S. ? s S. S. log & activatios of Fiji Figtre a $20 area. rearFEasna deficietirs Fard: Fis W W w s thirdd + F8 is activated W w w W s wards + i SS. actates elepstics - Fi; its activated: aestice F.E. 28s activated SE textc. - Fi; is activated: a pi * FR: $888's activates: alladd F.R. 38's attiated: s werk: ; Fi: ; watects S 1 S. RS SS 4S Site is Figure 3 Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 3 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 Ragtirae ^ y = 3,623 x 2.52 St. R* = .9958 S 4. 3 &aasaxxxxxxxsax: 3, . ES 3. S. S. F. log & activatios of Figure y = -5.93833 - 38.283 R2 = 8.33:f r s ES S. 8 2.2 og & activation of F. Figare 5 Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 4 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 8-99 - 4. SR = 3.SS2 & s S S & S s assassissix-xxxxx 3. 8. S. es' activatio of Fiji figure i asses as Tateisefir, FB sid: airies: 3 FES: actised --Riki F: is activated rr gigs F is activated reexide twists, activated: 3 sigs F: issssstivated; : a splits ri: Ex artisted: - nerdd + Fe: 88, activated: sip: FY::::::: activist: E. 3. & 3S al as s SS 68 issie is in Figure 7 Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 5 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 a saxx-xxxx 88.8.xxx...8ssssss................................ 8 8 ...txssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss-------- -xx-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx-xx-xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx-xxx-xxxxxxxxxx E. E.: E.S. E.S. '. S 8 i. log : Etiwati of Figare. S s non-nnnn-nnnn-nnnn-nnnn-nnnn. ::. *8.'...'...'...'...'...'...'...'...'...'...'...'..."YYY y = -3.3S4 x + S-$83. R = 3,338 8 xxxxx E. E.; S: , S: S. log: activatio of Figase 9 Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 6 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 s: Syss W^ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss'Y'',www.www.www.sw : E. S.-------------------....................................................-a-. s.4815x: 485. S3 ... o 3. 8.88 s 8. '''''''''''''...'...--------.'...'...'...........'...xx.-----------------------''''''''...'...*...''''''''.888-'88...'''''.88-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-8-88''''.888.88.88.... YXY888. , s 8.8 8,8. S. S.S age activatios of F, Figure S y = .8573x3 + .3383x + $.396 t -a-ox-ox-ox-X-----...-::::::::s::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::- 8 8. S s S S . S s E. E. E.S. S. s S. 2 2. leg & activatists of Figure i Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 7 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 e p: 4 F: is activaiects stepdd FvFF 58 activated: actd v Fly: its agitives: lanepsi - FEEEG's sectivisits ared:#F: Si:Saativated -stickd F.: 88& a tiwate:: ser:ctd F.88% agti waiti: sharpsid -s: 3- aliated: isie Ei Figure i2 2 S. 5. y = 2,335.3x - 6. S = {S}s E. S.saxxxxxx xxxx . S. E.8. 'S 3. 2. og & activatio of F: Figure 3 Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 8 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 S. y = -3.39fX + $8.282 R = 3,3883 i. E. , E3 S. S. 2 2.2 logs, actiyatia of F. Figure is y = 8.8F Six-4 six R 25.53 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.8 1.2 1.4 1. 8 3.3 ggs, activatio of Fiji Figge 5 Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 10 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 **~~~~zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz SSS. Maxxxxx xxxxv-xxxxx xxxxx xxxx-xx loss activation of . igure i8 _gg's activatio; if F: Figure 9 Patent Application Publication May 19, 2011 Sheet 11 of 12 US 2011/O114536A1 assae s.333 scis FEF 3: 3 FEE is is aw 353 dig i FRS: i F is was 3.3-Fi is sistiasies: sis & pick - Fy: 338& activated & was gxi - Fis activate-8:3: : 3838& sciiwaiets 3S SS SS & & S ise it is Figure 2. s: x Pissa tief if: FR $8 sess da FE RS: actised sess Ex: F.83& activates: S: w8, site: * Fit SR&sigiated esses Kid F: 388& actisfaked & & & S ax.&&SSSSSR&S s. r six X A. s rtyrs: re 8 S & '8& SS SS SS ise is in figEre Patent Application Publication ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' --------------SS'ss'------------------------ 5. xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx...''''KK' as ***********************************************~~~~zzzzzzz?azzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz*,?å 2. s Og s 38$38 Figare US 2011/01 14536A1 May 19, 2011 AVIATION GASOLINE FOR AIRCRAFT reliability and safety of operation during the taking-off phase PISTON ENGINES, PREPARATION PROCESS and in altitude, it is not obvious to use these additives for THEREOF aviation gasoline, for which the constraints are much stricter than those required for automotive gasolines. FIELD OF THE INVENTION 0011. As regards aviation gasoline, in order to replace the lead additives, solutions have been proposed in the literature, 0001. The present invention relates to a lead-free aviation Such as by adding other additives or components, such as gasoline composition (AVGAS) and free of an oxygenated aromatic amines, for example aniline, alkylaniline, methyl compound, intended for aircraft with piston or reciprocating cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). engines. In particular, the object of the present invention is (0012 EP 540297 and EP 609089 propose adding meth lead-free aviation gasoline with an octane number MON ylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) to avia (Motor Octane Number) F2 greater than or equal to 91 and tion gasoline as a Substitute for lead. having very good combustion characteristics. (0013. In EP 609 089 lead-free aviation gasolines are described, based on alkylates, in which an ether is added. Such TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND as ETBE or MTBE, as well 0.4 to 0.5 g/gallon of manganese 0002 Aviation gasoline is a product which is elaborated in the form of the cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl with care and Subject to severe regulations, which go hand compound. The problem of the invention was not discussed in-hand with any aeronautical application. Thus, the prepara since the described gasoline is notabase of the AVGAS type: tion in a refinery of aviation gasoline is carried out with bases it comprises alkylates, but does not comprise reformates, or characterized by both a narrow distillation interval and high isomerates. octane numbers. These bases generally consist of alkylates, (0014. In EP 697 033, a lead-free aviation gasoline is reformates and/or isopentane cuts, the latter being used in a described consisting of isopentane, alkylate, toluene, with a low concentration because of their high volatility. MON comprised between 90 and 93, additived with 4 to 20% 0003. But prior to their marketing, aviation gasoline of an aromatic amine in order to obtain a gasoline with an should satisfy other specific physico-chemical characteris MON greater than or equal to 98. tics, defined by international specifications. Thus aviation 00.15 EP 910 617 describes a mixture of aromatic amine gasolines should have and alkyltertiobutyl ether, and optionally of a manganese 0004 a low vapor pressure (less than 490 mbars) in compound which is added to the alkylate with a wide boiling order to avoid vaporization problems (vapor lock) or range, forming aviation gasoline. risks oficing increased by the low temperatures encoun (0016. In WO 02/22766 a lead-free aviation gasoline is tered in altitude; described, comprising a hydrocarbon compound which may 0005 a final distillation point of less 170° C., in order to be triptane associated with at least one liquid, Saturated, ali limit formations of deposits and their harmful conse phatic hydrocarbon compound (4 to 10°C.) and further com quences (power losses, deteriorated cooling); prising an alkyl ether (the thereby obtained base is not an 0006 good cold strength (absence of crystals down to AVGAS base).
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