S A M P L E VOICING BO CARPELAN Copyright © Authors and the Research Centre for Contemporary Culture Editor-in-Chief Urpo Kovala (University of Jyväskylä, Finland) Managing Editors Pekka Hassinen (University of Jyväskylä, Finland) Laura Piippo (University of Jyväskylä, Finland) Editorial Board Eoin Devereux (University of Limerick, Ireland); Irma Hirsjärvi (University of Jyväskylä, Finland); Sanna Karkulehto (University of Jyväskylä, Finland); Raine Koskimaa (University of Jyväskylä, Finland); Hanna Kuusela (Tampere University, Finland); Katariina Kyrölä (Åbo Akademi University, Finland); Maaria Linko (University of Helsinki, Finland); Olli Löytty (University of Turku, Finland); Jim McGuigan (Loughborough University, United Kingdom); Jussi Ojajärvi (University of Oulu, Finland); Tarja Pääjoki (University of Jyväskylä, Finland); Leena-Maija Rossi (University of Helsinki, Finland); Tuija Saresma (University of Jyväskylä, Finland); Piia Varis (Universiteit Tilburg, Netherlands); Juhana Venäläinen (University of Eastern Finland) The Research Centre for Contemporary Culture is part of the Department of Music, Art and Culture studies at the University of Jyväskylä. The publication series was started in 1986. The series is multi and interdisciplinary, and it publishes studies on contemporary culture and cultural theory. This does not exclude a historical point of view; works on cultural and social history are acceptable in so far as they relate to the birth or phases of modern culture. Manuscripts are considered for publication on the basis of expert review. The publication series uses a double-blind peer review system. The manu- scripts may be in Finnish, Swedish, or English. The volumes are published in print (additionally online after 6 months of initial publication) or online. Print editions are available for order at the website of the publica­­tion series at https://www.jyu.fi/hytk/fi/laitokset/mutku/tutkimus/nykykulttuurin- tutkimuskeskus/nykykulttuuri-julkaisusarja­­­ or from the Managing Editor. All correspondence, including subscriptions, should be sent to Laura Piippo, Re- search Centre for Contemporary Culture, P.O. Box 35, FIN-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland. Email: [email protected], Tel. + 358 40 548 64 44. The publications are also sold in well-equipped bookshops. Layout: Pekka Hassinen Layout design: Sami Saresma Cover: Sami Saresma Printed at Jyväskylän yliopistopaino Jyväskylä 2020 ISBN 978-951-39-7929-4 ISSN 1457-6899 NYKYKULTTUURIN TUTKIMUSKESKUKSEN JULKAISUJA 126 JYVÄSKYLÄN YLIOPISTO 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS Brian Kennedy INTRODUCTION: “A HIDDEN, MAGIC MEANING”— VOICING BO CARPELAN’S URWIND 7 Stephen Souris “A CONFUSING AND WONDERFUL MOSAIC”: DIALOGIC ASPECTS OF BO CARPELAN’S URWIND 29 Roger Holmström BO CARPELAN AND MULTIVOICEDNESS: URWIND IN LIGHT OF BAKHTIN’S THOUGHTS ON METHODOLOGY FOR THE STUDY OF THE NOVEL 63 Erkki Vainikkala URWIND: A NOVEL IN POETIC PROSE AS A BAKHTINIAN LIMIT CASE 77 Brian Kennedy “ANOTHER, MORE DISSATISFIED AND TRUTHFUL PERSON”: DANIEL URWIND ON THE THRESHOLD OF MID-LIFE IN BO CARPELAN’S URWIND 113 Pauli Tapani Karjalainen PLACE IN URWIND: A HUMANISTIC GEOGRAPHICAL VIEW 139 Nanny Jolma BETWEEN NOW AND THEN: THE EXPERIENCE OF TIME IN BO CARPELAN’S NOVELS URWIND AND BERG 157 Catherine Maloney SELF AND OTHER: “CREATIVE UNDERSTANDING” IN BO CARPELAN’S URWIND 177 Peter Hitchcock AFTERWORD: CARPELAN VOICING 195 AUTHOR NOTES 203 AUTHOR NOTES Peter Hitchcock, PhD Peter Hitchcock is a Professor of English at Baruch College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. He is also As- sociate Director of the Center for Place, Culture and Politics at the GC. His books include Dialogics of the Oppressed, Oscillate Wild- ly, Imaginary States, The Long Space, and Labor in Culture. He has also co-edited The New Public Intellectual and another anthology on The Debt Age. He has contributed to the journals Dialogism, the Bakhtin Newsletter, and Dialog/Carnival/Kronotop as well as sev- eral anthologies on the work of Mikhail Bakhtin. His latest article is “Worlds of Americana” for a collection on American literature as world literature. His next book is on Postcoloniality and the State. Roger Holmström, PhD Dr. Roger Holmström (†2016) was Lecturer in literary studies at Åbo Akademi from 1978 to his retirement in 2012. For long peri- ods, he acted as the Chair of the discipline, and in the early 1990s he was visiting professor in Scandinavian literature at the Univer- sity of Washington, Seattle. He was the chairman of the section of literary studies in the Society of Swedish Literature in Finland from 1992 to 1998, and he also chaired the literary Runebergsäll- skapet i Åbo for a long time. For more than a decade he belonged to the editorial board of Finsk tidskrift, and he was the editor of sev- eral books. In his research, one of his concerns was the literary de- scriptions of ordinary life and customs, but his main topics were the practice and history of literary book reviewing as part of Fin- land-Swedish culture, and modernism in Finland-Swedish litera- ture. His most important works on the latter were a two-volume bi- ography of Hagar Olsson and the book Vindfartsvägar, a treatise on Bo Carpelan’s novel Urwind. Nanny Jolma Nanny Jolma is a Doctoral Researcher in Literary Studies at Tam- pere University, Finland. She started to explore the world of Bo Carpelan´s fiction as early as her Master’s thesis. Currently Jolma is working on the summary of her article-based dissertation on ex- periencing and remembering the past in Carpelan’s novels. She is interested in first-person narratives, memory, and Finland-Swedish literature. Her publications include articles on the grotesque, archi- val metaphor, and nostalgia. Pauli Tapani Karjalainen Pauli Tapani Karjalainen is Professor Emeritus of Human Geogra- phy at the University of Oulu, Northern Finland. In the mid-70s he started as an economic geographer, but rather soon realized the ab- stract emptiness of regional economic models. He then became in- terested in the philosophies of human existence, which led him to geography’s humanistic methodologies. He went on to study the meaningful human natures of spatial life only to understand that the spatial dimension needs to be tied up with the temporal dimension. Hereby he has been able to create concepts such as topobiography, place memory, perception position, and narrative position, all these at least partially explaining the individual processes making up the human identity. Of this kind of topic, he has published numerous studies in Finnish, English, and Swedish. Brian Kennedy, PhD Brian Kennedy is Professor of English at Pasadena City College, where he teaches British and post-colonial literature and writing courses. Dr. Kennedy is Canadian, and his publications include the best-selling work of creative nonfiction Growing Up Hockey as well as his most recent book, Mixing Memory and Desire: Why Nykykulttuuri 126 204 Literature Can’t Forget the Great War, a critical study of contem- porary literature on World War One. He also wrote an examination of the place of hockey in Canadian culture called My Country Is Hockey. He is the author or editor of nine books and numerous ar- ticles on Bakhtin, contemporary British and Commonwealth litera- ture, and pedagogy. Catherine Maloney Catherine Maloney is a PhD candidate in the Philosophy Depart- ment at York University in Toronto, as well as the Manager, Inter- cultural Initiatives and Learning Strategy, at the Centre for Inter- national Experience, University of Toronto. She earned her MA in philosophy at University College Dublin and her BA in English and Philosophy at the University of Toronto. Coming out of both fem- inist epistemological and continental philosophical traditions, her work explores dialogism as a mode of understanding across dif- ference. At the Centre for International Experience, she designed and leads experiential intercultural learning programs for both un- dergraduate and graduate students. Stephen Souris, PhD Stephen Souris is Professor of English at Texas Woman’s Universi- ty, which he joined in 1992. He earned his Ph.D. from the Univer- sity of Wisconsin-Madison, his M.A from the University of Mich- igan, and his B.A. from Harvard College (all degrees were in Eng- lish and American literature and language). He is an Americanist specializing in modern American literature as well as literary the- ory with numerous publications and conference presentations in those fields. He teaches entirely online and was one of the first pro- fessors at TWU to teach online using podcasts. He serves as the producer of a monthly literary discussion group at the Denton Pub- 205 Voicing Bo Carpelan lic Library (“Professor’s Corner”) and as the host of Texas Poets Podcast (TexasPoetsPodcast.com). He lives near Dallas and sails with his wife and kids on Lake Ray Roberts. Erkki Vainikkala, PhD Erkki Vainikkala is emeritus professor of contemporary cultur- al studies at the University of Jyväskylä, where he started in the Department of Literature in the late 1970s. He earned his Ph.D. in contemporary cultural studies from the University of Jyväskylä, his M.A. in comparative literature at the same university, and his M.A. in English and American literature at the University of Cali- fornia, San Diego. He has been chairperson of the Society for Cul- tural Studies in Finland, member of the editorial board of the jour- nal European Journal of Cultural Studies, and Editor of the series Nykykulttuuri (Publications of the Research Centre for Contempo- rary Culture, University of Jyväskylä). He has published in the ar- eas of cultural theory, reception research, narrative theory, and ide- ological discourse, lately in the context of populism. He has trans- lated fiction and nonfiction from English and German into Finnish. Nykykulttuuri 126 206 .