CONTINENTAL DRIFT TO PLATE TECTONICS

** PART A: THERORY OF CONTINENTAL DRIFT •PANGAEA : •______means "______lands” •The ______of ______, over time drifted apart into their ______position •Pangaea was ______until about ___ million years ago, then began to break up and move apart

Continental Drift: Wegner had “Evidence” but did not know “how” it happened.... Wegner had 4 main “proofs” for his theory: 1: Jigsaw Fit: of ______continents (like ______and South America, or ______and Island of Madagascar.

2: ______Evidence: Same plant and animal ______(in rocks) on different ______like South America and Africa, Africa and India etc... 3. Geologic (Rock) Evidence: Same rocks in ______across the ______from each other - Same rock formations from Appalachian Mtns found in Greenland and Norway, Europe 4. Glaciation: Ice Sheets: Evidence of ______in hot ______regions like India and ______America

** PART B: PLATE TECTONICS - J. Tuzo Wilson • Wegner did not have the scientific (geologic) proof so the scientific community disregarded his evidence. • In the 1960s that the THEORY OF PLATE ______explained how the continents could collide, and or ______over and over again. • A Canadian by the name of J. Tuzo Wilson played an important part in the development of this theory.

THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS •Tuzzo’s theory of Plate Tectonics ______that the Earth’s crust (made up of big pieces called ______) is floating on the ______(magma) and different ______currents (also called convection ______) move the plates ______against, away and beside each other. - (think boiling water ...moving the lid of a pot ...) Convection cell CONVECTION CURRENTS Magma is heated molten (melted) rock under the crust in the mantle (asthenosphere). •______is heated by the core. It ______towards the crust, hits the ______of the crust, and travels in different ______, dragging the crust with it. It - As the magma ______, it sinks and heads back towards the core, then heating and rising again... CONVECTION CELLS - Movement of magma rising from core to crust, and descending from crust to core over and over • The ______of magma heating and rising to the surface and ______and rising again creates ______Cells (individual pockets of currents) • ______are caused by Convection Currents moving the crust

TECTONIC PLATES •The ______surface of the Earth is a thin ______of fragile rock, ______(broken/cracked) like the cracked shell of an egg. •We call these pieces of the crust ______PLATES. - These plates ______on the mantle. •They are being ______about by convection currents in the ______in many different ______. PLATE MOVEMENTS •These plates are ______moving, spreading from the ______, sinking at the ______, and being ______. •Convection currents in the mantle ______the plates move the ______plates in different directions. •The source of ______driving the ______currents is ______deep in ______Core. •Plates are the ______pieces of the crust. The crust is everywhere, even ______the ocean •There is ______(land) crust and ______crust (under the ocean) •There are more than ______different plates major ones are focused on. • Continental Plates (with ______land masses) and the 1 ______Plate (______under the ocean)

WHAT ARE PLATES AND CONTINENTS? • The earth’s crust is the thin outer layer of cooled and hardened magma/lava – Rock. • The crust is broken into large pieces we call TECTONIC PLATES • Most plates contain large land masses we call Continents. • Most Plates consist of Continental and Oceanic crust • Continents have their boundary at the coast line but plate boundaries are where they meet other plates •The North American and European Plate meet in at the Mid Atlantic Ridge, under the Atlantic Ocean.

MAJOR TECTONIC PLATES 6 continental and 1 oceanic! • 1. North American • 4. Antarctic • 2. Eurasian • 5. South American • 7. The Pacific Plate (Oceania) • 3. African • 6. Indo- Australian - (No major landmasses)

RECYCLING OF CRUST: Oceanic Plate movement • Some plates ______apart. In the ocean, at the mid ______ridges, when the plates move apart, magma ______between the two plates, as the magma ______out along this plate ______it cools and ______on either side creating two ______. •At the ______-oceanic ridges is a ______source of new crust being ______. •But Earth’s crust is in balance, so that as new ______material is created, ______crust is “______”. This happens at the ______, where one plate slides ______another and down ______the mantle. The crust ______back into the mantle.

Label the numbered boxes in this diagram from the image in the presentation.

2. ______4. ______1. ______5. ______3. ______