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Continental Drift to Plate Tectonics ** Part A: Therory of Continental Drift •Pangaea : • "___

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Continental Drift to Plate Tectonics ** Part A: Therory of Continental Drift •Pangaea : • CONTINENTAL DRIFT TO PLATE TECTONICS ** PART A: THERORY OF CONTINENTAL DRIFT •PANGAEA : •_____________means "__________ lands” •The ___________of ___________, over time drifted apart into their _________ position •Pangaea was ______ until about ___ million years ago, then began to break up and move apart Continental Drift: Wegner had “Evidence” but did not know “how” it happened.... Wegner had 4 main “proofs” for his theory: 1: Jigsaw Fit: of _________continents (like ______ and South America, or ________and Island of Madagascar. 2: ___________ Evidence: Same plant and animal _______ (in rocks) on different ____________ like South America and Africa, Africa and India etc... 3. Geologic (Rock) Evidence: Same rocks in _____________ across the ____________from each other - Same rock formations from Appalachian Mtns found in Greenland and Norway, Europe 4. Glaciation: Ice Sheets: Evidence of _________________ in hot ____________ regions like India and ___________America ** PART B: PLATE TECTONICS - J. Tuzo Wilson • Wegner did not have the scientific (geologic) proof so the scientific community disregarded his evidence. • In the 1960s that the THEORY OF PLATE ____________ explained how the continents could collide, and or ____________over and over again. • A Canadian by the name of J. Tuzo Wilson played an important part in the development of this theory. THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS •Tuzzo’s theory of Plate Tectonics _________ that the Earth’s crust (made up of big pieces called ___________) is floating on the ________ (magma) and different ______________ currents (also called convection ___________) move the plates _________ against, away and beside each other. - (think boiling water ...moving the lid of a pot ...) Convection cell CONVECTION CURRENTS Magma is heated molten (melted) rock under the crust in the mantle (asthenosphere). •_________is heated by the core. It ___________towards the crust, hits the _________of the crust, and travels in different ___________, dragging the crust with it. It - As the magma _____________, it sinks and heads back towards the core, then heating and rising again... CONVECTION CELLS - Movement of magma rising from core to crust, and descending from crust to core over and over • The ___________of magma heating and rising to the surface and _____________and rising again creates ________________Cells (individual pockets of currents) • ___________ are caused by Convection Currents moving the crust TECTONIC PLATES •The _____________surface of the Earth is a thin ____________of fragile rock, __________ (broken/cracked) like the cracked shell of an egg. •We call these pieces of the crust ____________PLATES. - These plates ____________on the mantle. •They are being ___________about by convection currents in the ____________ in many different ____________________. PLATE MOVEMENTS •These plates are ___________moving, spreading from the ____________, sinking at the _______________, and being _____________. •Convection currents in the mantle _____________ the plates move the __________ plates in different directions. •The source of _________ driving the _____________ currents is ___________ deep in _____________ Core. •Plates are the _________ pieces of the crust. The crust is everywhere, even ______________ the ocean •There is ___ ___________ (land) crust and _______________ crust (under the ocean) •There are more than ____________different plates major ones are focused on. • Continental Plates (with _________ land masses) and the 1 ____________ Plate (_________under the ocean) WHAT ARE PLATES AND CONTINENTS? • The earth’s crust is the thin outer layer of cooled and hardened magma/lava – Rock. • The crust is broken into large pieces we call TECTONIC PLATES • Most plates contain large land masses we call Continents. • Most Plates consist of Continental and Oceanic crust • Continents have their boundary at the coast line but plate boundaries are where they meet other plates •The North American and European Plate meet in at the Mid Atlantic Ridge, under the Atlantic Ocean. MAJOR TECTONIC PLATES 6 continental and 1 oceanic! • 1. North American • 4. Antarctic • 2. Eurasian • 5. South American • 7. The Pacific Plate (Oceania) • 3. African • 6. Indo- Australian - (No major landmasses) RECYCLING OF CRUST: Oceanic Plate movement • Some plates _____________apart. In the ocean, at the mid ___________ridges, when the plates move apart, magma ___________ between the two plates, as the magma _________out along this plate _____________ it cools and ___________on either side creating two ___________________. •At the ______________-oceanic ridges is a ___________ source of new crust being ___________. •But Earth’s crust is in balance, so that as new ___________ material is created, ________ crust is “_________”. This happens at the ___________, where one plate slides ___________ another and down ________ the mantle. The crust ___________ back into the mantle. Label the numbered boxes in this diagram from the image in the presentation. 2. ____________ 4. ____________ 1. ___________ 5. ___________ _ 3. ______ _________ .
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