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Observations on the Mobility of the Silver-Studded Blue Plebejus Argus [Online]
30 October 2019 © Harry E. Clarke Citation: Clarke, H.E. (2019). Observations on the Mobility of the Silver-studded Blue Plebejus argus [Online]. Available from http://www.dispar.org/reference.php?id=150 [Accessed November 15, 2019]. Observations on the Mobility of the Silver-studded Blue Plebejus argus Harry E. Clarke Abstract: The Silver-studded Blue is often considered to be a sedentary species, not moving more than 50 m during its life. However, based on recent research and my own experience from Surrey, this is not the case. Males can easily move 200 m when relocated away from ant nests, and new sites can be colonised within a few years from source sites at least 3 km away, probably a year or so after the ants Lasius niger or Lasius alienus have colonised. Silver-studded Blue is a butterfly of early successional habitat, so it needs to be mobile in order to find suitable habitat for the next generation. If it was very sedentary, then colonies would soon die out as habitat matures and becomes unsuitable to support the ants and the butterfly. Introduction This article has been prompted by the statements that Silver-studded Blue (Plebejus argus) is sedentary, barely moving more than 20 m, with 50 m considered exceptional, and breeding populations of 100 m or more considered isolated, based on three mark-release-recapture studies (Thomas, 2014) and (Eeles, 2019). This does not agree with my own observations and does not seem consistent with the habitat requirements. Figure 1 - Male Silver-studded Blue on Bell Heather Photo © Harry E. -
The Functions and Evolution of Social Fluid Exchange in Ant Colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Marie-Pierre Meurville & Adria C
ISSN 1997-3500 Myrmecological News myrmecologicalnews.org Myrmecol. News 31: 1-30 doi: 10.25849/myrmecol.news_031:001 13 January 2021 Review Article Trophallaxis: the functions and evolution of social fluid exchange in ant colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Marie-Pierre Meurville & Adria C. LeBoeuf Abstract Trophallaxis is a complex social fluid exchange emblematic of social insects and of ants in particular. Trophallaxis behaviors are present in approximately half of all ant genera, distributed over 11 subfamilies. Across biological life, intra- and inter-species exchanged fluids tend to occur in only the most fitness-relevant behavioral contexts, typically transmitting endogenously produced molecules adapted to exert influence on the receiver’s physiology or behavior. Despite this, many aspects of trophallaxis remain poorly understood, such as the prevalence of the different forms of trophallaxis, the components transmitted, their roles in colony physiology and how these behaviors have evolved. With this review, we define the forms of trophallaxis observed in ants and bring together current knowledge on the mechanics of trophallaxis, the contents of the fluids transmitted, the contexts in which trophallaxis occurs and the roles these behaviors play in colony life. We identify six contexts where trophallaxis occurs: nourishment, short- and long-term decision making, immune defense, social maintenance, aggression, and inoculation and maintenance of the gut microbiota. Though many ideas have been put forth on the evolution of trophallaxis, our analyses support the idea that stomodeal trophallaxis has become a fixed aspect of colony life primarily in species that drink liquid food and, further, that the adoption of this behavior was key for some lineages in establishing ecological dominance. -
Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for Arkansas with a Synopsis of Previous Records
Midsouth Entomologist 4: 29–38 ISSN: 1936-6019 www.midsouthentomologist.org.msstate.edu Research Article New Records of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for Arkansas with a Synopsis of Previous Records Joe. A. MacGown1, 3, JoVonn G. Hill1, and Michael Skvarla2 1Mississippi Entomological Museum, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, MS 39762 2Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72207 3Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 7-I-2011 Accepted: 7-IV-2011 Abstract: Ten new state records of Formicidae are reported for Arkansas including Camponotus obliquus Smith, Polyergus breviceps Emery, Proceratium crassicorne Emery, Pyramica metazytes Bolton, P. missouriensis (Smith), P. pulchella (Emery), P. talpa (Weber), Stenamma impar Forel, Temnothorax ambiguus (Emery), and T. texanus (Wheeler). A synopsis of previous records of ant species occurring in Arkansas is provided. Keywords: Ants, new state records, Arkansas, southeastern United States Introduction Ecologically and physiographically, Arkansas is quite diverse with seven level III ecoregions and 32 level IV ecoregions (Woods, 2004). Topographically, the state is divided into two major regions on either side of the fall line, which runs northeast to southwest. The northwestern part of the state includes the Interior Highlands, which is further divided into the Ozark Plateau, the Arkansas River Valley, and the Ouachita Mountains. The southern and eastern portions of the state are located in the Gulf Coastal Plain, which is divided into the West Gulf Coastal Plain in the south, the Mississippi River Alluvial Plain in the east, and Crowley’s Ridge, a narrow upland region that bisects the Mississippi Alluvial Plain from north to south (Foti, 2010). -
A Phylogenetic Analysis of North American Lasius Ants Based on Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Trevor Manendo University of Vermont
University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM Graduate College Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 2008 A Phylogenetic Analysis of North American Lasius Ants Based on Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Trevor Manendo University of Vermont Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis Recommended Citation Manendo, Trevor, "A Phylogenetic Analysis of North American Lasius Ants Based on Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA" (2008). Graduate College Dissertations and Theses. 146. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/146 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate College Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A phylogenetic analysis of North American Lasius ants based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. A Thesis Presented by Trevor Manendo to The Faculty of the Graduate College of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Specializing in Biology May, 2008 Accepted by the Faculty of the Graduate College, The University of Vermont in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science specializing in Biology. Thesis Examination Committee: ice President for Research and Dean of Graduate Studies Date: March 19,2008 ABSTRACT The ant genus Lasius (Formicinae) arose during the early Tertiary approximately 65 million years ago. Lasius is one of the most abundant and widely distributed ant genera in the Holarctic region, with 95 described species placed in six subgenera: Acanthomyops, Austrolasius, Cautolasius, Chthonolasius, Dendrolasius and Lasius. -
Hybridization in Ants
Rockefeller University Digital Commons @ RU Student Theses and Dissertations 2020 Hybridization in Ants Ian Butler Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/ student_theses_and_dissertations Part of the Life Sciences Commons HYBRIDIZATION IN ANTS A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of The Rockefeller University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Ian Butler June 2020 © Copyright by Ian Butler 2020 HYBRIDIZATION IN ANTS Ian Butler, Ph.D. The Rockefeller University 2020 Interspecific hybridization is a relatively common occurrence within all animal groups. Two main factors make hybridization act differently in ants than in other species: eusociality and haplodiploidy. These factors serve to reduce the costs of interspecific hybridization in ants while simultaneously allowing them to take advantage of certain benefits. Eusociality may mitigate the effects of hybridization by allowing hybrids to be shunted into the worker caste, potentially reducing the effects of hybrid sterility. In haplodiploid species, males do not have a father. They instead develop from unfertilized eggs as haploid clones of their mother. This means that interspecifically mated queens do not completely sacrifice reproductive potential even if all hybrids are sterile because they can still produce fertile males. These factors in turn suggest that hybridization should be more common among the social Hymenoptera than other animal groups. Nevertheless, current data suggest that ants hybridize at rates similar to other animal groups, although these data are limited. Furthermore, there is a large amount of overlap between cases of interspecific hybridization and cases of genetic caste determination. A majority of the cases in ants where caste is determined primarily by genotype are associated with hybridization. -
Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Im Tauberland Und Angrenzenden Regionen
Carolinea 73 (2015): 29-81, 84 Abb.; Karlsruhe, 15.12.2015 29 Neue Erkenntnisse zur Verbreitung und Lebensweise von myrmekophilen Bläulingen (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) im Tauberland und angrenzenden Regionen MATTHIAS SANETRA, ROBERT GÜSTEN & ROBERT TRUSCH Kurzfassung to ants (myrmecophily) are described. Oviposition be- Im Tauberland im Norden Baden-Württembergs wurden haviour and the habitat of early stages could be docu- acht myrmekophile Bläulingsarten, Glaucopsyche alexis mented for P. daphnis. Possible host ant species of M. (Alexis-Bläuling), Polyommatus eumedon (Storchschna- alcon X were identified by investigation of the ant fauna bel-Bläuling), Polyommatus daphnis (Zahnflügel-Bläu- close to Gentiana cruciata plants. Myrmica schencki is ling), Polyommatus amandus (Vogelwicken-Bläuling), deemed to be the main host. Regional ecological spe- Polyommatus thersites (Esparsetten-Bläuling), Plebejus cializations are discussed through comparison with argus (Argus-Bläuling), Maculinea arion (Thymian-Amei- other populations. Also, implications for the conservation senbläuling) und Maculinea alcon X (Kreuzenzian-Amei- of myrmecophilous blues, which are sensitive to certain senbläuling), im Hinblick auf ihre aktuelle Verbreitung mowing and grazing regimes, are presented. und ihre Biologie und Ökologie untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, dass M. arion im Tauberland und Nördlichen Autoren Bauland ausgestorben ist. Die Präimaginalstadien (Eier MATTHIAS SANETRA, Hunsrückstr. 7, D-64546 Mörfelden- und Raupen) von G. alexis, P. eumedon, P. amandus, P. Walldorf; E-Mail: [email protected] thersites und P. argus wurden im Freiland aufgefunden, ROBERT GÜSTEN, Merckstr. 28, D-64283 Darmstadt; und ihre Beziehungen zu Ameisen (Myrmekophilie) wer- E-Mail: [email protected] den beschrieben. Das Eiablageverhalten und das Ent- ROBERT TRUSCH, Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde wicklungshabitat konnten für P. -
NORTH WALES BRANCH Newsletter
NORTH WALES BRANCH Newsletter 2020 2020 CONTENTS 3. A message from tHe CHair 22. The Perils of tHe WHite-letter Hairstreak These are unprecedented times… A butterfly under attack! 4. My first year of motH trapping 25. An S-curve analysis The first of many I’m sure! Graphic displays of population trends 6. Silver-studded Blue populations… 29. Blaenau Ffestiniog Report A very interesting piece of research Sightings from the former slate capital 14. A year of cHange 32. Anglesey motH recording All change at BC Wales A moth and meterological summary! 16. A crossword witH pictures 35. The Wooly Bear and tHe S4 bus A little light relief! A tale about a near-miss! 18. NortH Wales brancH pages 37. A new motH list for Wales Comment and information News of an inventory of Welsh moths Cover photograph of a Red Underwing by Mark Sheridan Published by the North Wales Branch of Butterfly Conservation. Please note that the opinions expressed in this newsletter are not necessarily those of the Society or the Branch Butterfly Conservation. Company limited by guarantee, registeredin England (2206468) Registered Office: Manor Yard, East LulwortH, WareHam, Dorset, BH20 5QP. CHarity registered in England and Wales (254937) and in Scotland (SCO39268) VAT No GB 991 2771 89 Gwarchod Glöynnod Byw Cwmni a gyfyngir drwy warant, wedi’i gofrestru yn Lloegr (2206468). Swyddfa Gofrestredig: Manor Yard, East LulwortH, WareHam, Dorset, BH20 5QP. Elusen wedi’i cHofrestru yng NgHymru a Lloegr (254937) ac yn Yr Alban (SCO39268).Rhif TAW GB 991 2771 89 2 2020 A MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR As I write this on the afternoon of Thursday 19th March all schools in Wales are due to close by tomorrow and the Welsh Education Minister is suggesting they may not reopen till September. -
Conservation Areas 1 Introduction the Following Species Have Been Identified As a Priority for Conservation
Regional Action Plan 2015 Conservation Areas 1 Introduction The following species have been identified as a priority for conservation High Priority Wood White White-letter Hairstreak Brown Hairstreak Silver-spotted Skipper Small Blue Adonis Blue Medium Priority Grizzled Skipper Silver-studded Blue Purple Emperor Grayling Low Priority Dingy Skipper White Admiral Small Heath Chalkhill Blue Dark Green Fritillary Wall It is thought that Brown Hairstreak and Purple Emperor are more widespread that the records suggest. However, this can only be confirmed by records from sites where these butterflies have been apparently lost. 2 Maps The maps show all the records for each species grouped into the four recording periods between 1995 and 2014. The records are plotted at the centre of the grid reference provided, so the most recent records are plotted on top of the older records. Hence, older records are only visible if there are no more recent records. The symbol for each record is plotted at 500m so that it is visible on the maps. The appropriate priority habitat is plotted for each species to show potential areas that the butterfly could exploit. Page 1 of 17 Regional Action Plan 2015 2.1 High priority species 2.1.1 Wood White Reason: locally rare within Surrey, nationally endangered with extinction, and dependent on appropriate habitat management of woodland rides to avoid too much shade. Habitat: Woodland rides Larval Foodplant: Common Bird’s-foot Trefoil, Greater Bird’s-foot Trefoil, Bitter Vetch, Meadow Vetchling, Tufted Vetch Conservation Areas: Wealden Clay (part) Notes: The colony that was introduced to Witley Common (SU9240 & SU9340) in 2003-5 has been excluded from the conservation area, as the habitat is on the Greensand rather than the Wealden Clay. -
(Förster, 1850) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Presented New to Norway
© Norwegian Journal of Entomology. 12 December 2016 Interesting records of ants and Lasius alienus (Förster, 1850) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) presented new to Norway TORSTEIN KVAMME, KLÁRA BEZDĚČKOVÁ & PAVEL BEZDĚČKA Kvamme, T., Bezděčková, K. & Bezděčka, P. 2016. Interesting records of ants and Lasius alienus (Förster, 1850) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) presented new to Norway. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 63, 159–163. A colony of Lasius alienus (Förster, 1850) was found close to the harbour in Trondheim City in 2014. The species was expected to occur in Norway, but not as far north. It cannot be excluded at the moment that the colony is a result of introduction by human activity. L. alienus is species number 66 documented as outdoor living species in Norway. Additional records of Temnothorax nylanderi (Förster, 1850) and Leptothorax gredleri Mayr, 1855 from Norway are presented. Key words: Formicidae, Lasius alienus, Temnothorax nylanderi, Leptothorax gredleri, distribution, faunistic, Norway. Torstein Kvamme, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomic Research, P. O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway, E-mail: [email protected] Klára Bezděčková, Museum of the Highlands Jihlava, Masarykovo náměstí 55, CZ-586 01 Jihlava, Czech Republic, E-mail: [email protected] Pavel Bezděčka, Museum of the Highlands Jihlava, Masarykovo náměstí 55, CZ-586 01 Jihlava, Czech Republic, E-mail: [email protected] Introduction Journal of entomology. Other abbreviations are: KB = Klára Bezděčková, PB = Pavel Bezděčka, The records we present were sampled in 2014 MHJ = Museum of the Highlands Jihlava, Czech and 2015, when Klára Bezděčková and Pavel Republic and TK = Torstein Kvamme. The Bezděčka visited Norway. In 2014 they visited nomenclature follows Czechowski et al. -
2561 Seifert Lasius 1992.Pdf
. 1 ABHANDLUNGEN UND BERICHTE DES NATURKUNDEMUSEUMS GORLITZ Band 66, Nummer 5 Abh. Ber. Naturkundemus. Gorlitz 66, 5: 1-67 (1992) ISSN 0373-7568 Manuskriptannahme am 25. 5. 1992 Erschienen am 7. 8. 1992 A Taxonomic Revision of the Palaearctic Members of the Ant Subgenus Lasius s. str. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) BERNHARD SEIFERT With 9 tables and 41 figures Abstract 33 species and one distinct subspecies of the ant subgenus Lasius s.str. are described for the Palaearctic region, including 1 7 species described as new and 8 taxa raised to species level. 1 taxa are synonymized and 12 taxa cannot be interpreted because of insufficient descriptions and unavailability of types. A total of 5050 specimens was studied and 3660 specimens were evaluated numerically giving 27 000 primary data on morphology. In the numeric analysis, the body-size-dependent variability was removed by consideration of allometric functions. The species'descriptions are supplemented by comments on differential characters and taxonomic status, by information on distribution and biology and by figures of each species. A key to the workers and comparative tables on numeric characters are provided. Zusammenfassung Eine taxonomische Revision der palaarktischen Vertreter des Ameisensubgenus Lasius s.str. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). 33 Spezies und eine distinkte Subspezies, darunter 17 neubeschriebene Spezies und 8 zum Art- niveau erhobene Taxa, werden fur den Subgenus Lasius s. str. fur die Palaarktische Region beschrieben. 1 1 Taxa werden synonymisiert und 12 Namen koimen wegen unzureichender Beschrei- bungen und des Fehlens von Typen nicht interpretiert werden. Ein Gesamtmaterial von 5050 Exem- plaren wurde untersucht, davon 3660 Exemplare mittels numerischer Merkmalsbeschreibimg, was 27 000 morphologische Primardaten ergab. -
Effects of Forest Edges, Exotic Ants and Nonnative Plants on Local Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Diversity in Urban Forest Fragments of Northeastern Ohio
Cleveland State University EngagedScholarship@CSU ETD Archive 2010 Effects of Forest Edges, Exotic Ants and Nonnative Plants on Local Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Diversity in Urban Forest Fragments of Northeastern Ohio Kaloyan Ivanov Cleveland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/etdarchive Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! Recommended Citation Ivanov, Kaloyan, "Effects of Forest Edges, Exotic Ants and Nonnative Plants on Local Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Diversity in Urban Forest Fragments of Northeastern Ohio" (2010). ETD Archive. 141. https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/etdarchive/141 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by EngagedScholarship@CSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in ETD Archive by an authorized administrator of EngagedScholarship@CSU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EFFECTS OF FOREST EDGES, EXOTIC ANTS AND NONNATIVE PLANTS ON LOCAL ANT (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) DIVERSITY IN URBAN FOREST FRAGMENTS OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO KALOYAN IVANOV Master of Science in Entomology Sofia University Sofia, Bulgaria 2000 Submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN REGULATORY BIOLOGY at the CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY December, 2010 This dissertation has been approved for the Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and for the College of Graduate Studies by Date: Dr. Joe B. Keiper, Virginia Museum of Natural History Major Advisor Date: Dr. B. Michael Walton, BGES / CSU Advisory Committee Member Date: Dr. Robert A. Krebs, BGES / CSU Advisory Committee Member Date: Dr. Jaharul Haque, The Cleveland Clinic Advisory Committee Member Date: Dr. -
Lasius Flavus and L
A University of Sussex DPhil thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details Chemical Based Communication and its Role in Decision Making Within the Social Insects Sam Jones A thesis submitted to the University of Sussex, Department of Life Sciences, for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2013 Supervisors: Jonathan P. Bacon & Francis L.W. Ratnieks This thesis, whether in the same or different form, has not been previously submitted to this or any other University for a degree ii Abstract This thesis investigates chemical communication and decision making in a stingless bee (Tetragonisca angustula) and two species of ants (Lasius flavus and L. niger). Complex chemical signalling and seemingly elaborate behavioural patterns based upon decisions made by individuals of a colony have facilitated the evolution of social living in these insects. This thesis investigates two important features of social living that involve these features: nest mate recognition and navigation. The first part of this thesis (Chapter 3 and Appendix 3) investigates nestmate recognition and nest defence in the Neotropical stingless bee T.