MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Altitude: 41 M

Phytosociological Research Center www.globalbioclimatics.org Worldwide Bioclimatic Classification System S.Rivas−Martinez(+) & S.Rivas−Saenz (Adapted to Synoptical Table 14/02/2020)

MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Altitude: 41 m. Latitude: 41°5’N Longitude: 0°39’E Temperature observation period.: 1949−1970 (22) Rainfall observation period....: 1949−1970 (22)

(C/mm) Ti Mi mi M’i m’i Pi EPi Jan. 7.40 11.50 3.40 18.10 −1.80 25.0 12.30 Feb. 8.20 13.50 2.90 20.10 −3.40 15.0 14.69 Mar. 11.00 16.70 5.40 25.50 −0.70 40.0 30.30 Apr. 14.40 20.50 8.20 27.70 2.80 37.0 52.03 May. 18.80 25.30 12.20 31.50 7.20 66.0 92.92 Jun. 22.60 28.70 16.40 35.10 12.10 40.0 128.79 Jul. 26.60 33.30 20.00 38.40 16.10 17.0 173.10 Aug. 26.30 32.70 19.90 37.60 15.40 23.0 158.10 Sep. 22.60 28.90 16.40 34.40 10.80 58.0 106.30 Oct. 17.80 24.00 11.60 29.10 5.10 54.0 64.93 Nov. 13.00 17.70 8.40 23.90 2.10 85.0 32.20 Dec. 8.20 11.80 4.50 17.50 −2.00 55.0 14.16 Year 16.41 22.05 10.78 28.24 5.31 515 879.83

BIOCLIMATIC INDICES AND DIAGNOSIS Thermicity index...... (It): 313 Compensated thermicity index...... (Itc): 319 Simple continentality index...... (Ic): 19.2 Diurnality index...... (Id): 13.3 Annual ombrothermic index...... (Io): 2.62 Monthly estival ombrothermic index...... (Ios1): 0.64 Bimonthly estival ombrothermic index...... (Ios2): 0.76 Threemonthly estival ombrothermic index.....(Ios3): 1.06 Fourmonthly estival ombrothermic index...... (Ios4): 1.55 Annual ombro−evaporation index...... (Ioe): 0.59 Annual positive temperature...... (Tp): 1969 Annual negative temperature...... (Tn): 0 Estival temperature...... (Ts): 755 Positive precipitation...... (Pp): 515 N. of P>4T P:2T−4T PT−2T P

1 MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) 41 m P= 515 41° 5’N 0° 39’E 22/22 y. T= 16.4° Ic= 19.2 Tp= 1969 Tn= 0 m= 3.4° M= 11.5 ° Itc= 319 Io= 2.6

M’= 38.4°

m’= −3.4°

MEDITERRANEAN PLUVISEASONAL−OCEANIC LOW MESOMEDITERRANEAN LOW DRY

WATER INDEX CARD MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Altitude: 41 m. Latitude: 41° 5’N

(C/mm) T PE P VR R RE DF SP DR HC Jan. 7.4 12 25 6 100 12 0 6 3 1.0 Feb. 8.2 15 15 0 100 15 0 0 2 0.0 Mar. 11.0 30 40 0 100 30 0 10 6 0.3 Apr. 14.4 52 37 −15 85 52 0 0 3 −0.2 May. 18.8 93 66 −27 58 93 0 0 1 −0.2 Jun. 22.6 129 40 −58 0 98 31 0 1 −0.6 Jul. 26.6 173 17 0 0 17 156 0 0 −0.9 Aug. 26.3 158 23 0 0 23 135 0 0 −0.8 Sep. 22.6 106 58 0 0 58 48 0 0 −0.4 Oct. 17.8 65 54 0 0 54 11 0 0 −0.1 Nov. 13.0 32 85 53 53 32 0 0 0 1.6 Dec. 8.2 14 55 41 94 14 0 0 0 2.8 Year 16.4 880 515 * * 499 381 16 16 *

R = Reserve VR = Variation of the reserve RE = Real evapotranspiration DR = Drainage HC = Humidity coeficient DF = Deficit SP = Superavit

MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) 41°5’N 0°39’E 41 m 22/22 y. T= 16.4 Ic= 19.2 MEDITERRANEAN PLUVISEASONAL−OCEANIC m= 3.4 Tp= 1969 LOW MESOMEDITERRANEAN M= 11.5 Tn= 0 LOW DRY M’= 38.4 Itc= 319 m’= −3.4 Io= 2.6 P= 515 mm PE= 880 mm

Imbibing 6 Oct. Saturation 16 Jan. Reserve Use 12 Mar. Deficit 20 Jun.

DJFMAMJJASOND

2 MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Latitude: 41°5’N Longitude: 0°39’E Altitude: 41 m SUMMARY OF RIVAS−MARTINEZ CLASSIFICATION Continentality Index [B1b] + Type ...... : B. Oceanic + Subtype ...... : 1. Semicontinental + Variant ...... : b. High Thermic types [B1.A3] + Latitudinal zone ....: B. Temperate + Latitudinal belt ....: 1. Low Eutemperate + Thermic type ...... : A. Warm + Thermic subtype .....: 3. Subwarm Bioclimatic types [B8.3b.5b] + Macrobioclimate .....: B. MEDITERRANEAN + Bioclimate ...... : 8. PLUVISEASONAL−OCEANIC + Bioclimatic variant .: + Thermic type...... : 3. MESOMEDITERRANEAN + Thermic subtype...... : b. LOW + Ombrothermic type ...: 5. DRY + Ombrothermic subtype : b. LOW Bioclimatic Classification ...... Mepo.Mme.Dry.Sec

MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Latitude: 41°5’N Longitude: 0°39’E Altitude: 41 m PRECIPITATION PARAMETERS Warmest semester of the year...... (Pss): 258 Coldest semester of the year...... (Psw): 257 Warmest four months period of the year...... (Pcm1): 138 Following warmest four months period...... (Pcm2): 219 Positive precipitation dryest 3 months...... (Ppd): 80 Positive precipitation dryest 2 months...... (Ppd2): 40 Positive precipitation dryest 1 month...... (Ppd1): 15 Positive precipitation warmest 3 months...... (Pps): 80 Positive precipitation warmest 2 months...... (Pps2): 40 Positive precipitation warmest 1 month...... (Pps1): 17 Positive precipitation coldest 3 months...... (Ppw): 95 Positive precipitation coldest 2 months...... (Ppw2): 40 Positive precipitation coldest 1 month...... (Ppw1): 25 Winter Spring Summer Automn Seasons Tr1−W Tr2−P Tr3−S Tr4−F Rainfall 95 143 80 197 Seasonal rainfall rhythms: F > P > W > S

MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Latitude: 41°5’N Longitude: 0°39’E Altitude: 41 m TEMPERATURE PARAMETERS Average warmest month [T]...... (Tmax): 26.6 Average coldest month [T]...... (Tmin): 7.4 Maximum temp. warmest month [M]...... (Tmmax): 33.3 Minimum temp. coldest month [m]...... (Tmmin): 2.9 Absolute Max.temp. warmest month [M’]...... (Tamax): 38.4 Absolute Min.temp. coldest month [m’]...... (Tamin): −3.4 First warmest contrasted month [M]...... (Tcmax): 33.3 (7) First coldest contrasted month [m]...... (Tcmin): 20.0 (7) Estival temperature...... (Ts): 755 Positive temperature dryest 3 months...... (Tpd): 266 Positive temperature dryest 2 months...... (Tpd2): 156 Positive temperature dryest 1 month...... (Tpd1): 82 Positive temperature warmest 3 months...... (Tps): 755 Positive temperature warmest 2 months...... (Tps2): 529 Positive temperature warmest 1 month...... (Tps1): 266 Positive temperature coldest 3 months...... (Tpw): 238 Positive temperature coldest 2 months...... (Tpw2): 156 Positive temperature coldest 1 month...... (Tpw1): 74

3 MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Latitude: 41°5’N Longitude: 0°39’E Altitude: 41 m SEASONAL PARAMETERS

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Warmest semester...(Sms) o o o o o o Dryest semester....(Smd) o o o o o o Warmest 4 months...(Cm1) o o o o Dryest 4 months....(Cmd) o o o o Vegetation Activity(Pav) oooooooooooo Ultragelid...[M’<=0](Pf) Hypergelid...[M <=0](Pf) Gelid...... [T <=0](Pf) Subgelid.....[m <=0](Pf) Pregelid.....[m’<=0](Pf) o o o o Agelid...... [m’> 0](Pf) o o o o o o o o HiperAgelid..[all>0](Pf) o o o o o o o o

MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Latitude: 41°5’N Longitude: 0°39’E Altitude: 41 m OMBROTHERMIC PARAMETERS Annual aridity index.[PE/P]...... (Iar): 1.71 Mediterranean index of July.[PE/P]...... (Im1): 10.18 Mediterranean index of July & August...... (Im2): 8.28 Mediterranean index of June, July & August....(Im3): 5.75

Months Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Pp(x10) 550 250 150 400 370 660 400 170 230 580 540 850 Tp 82 74 82 110 144 188 226 266 263 226 178 130 Io (Iom) 6.71 3.38 1.83 3.64 2.57 3.51 1.77 0.64 0.87 2.57 3.03 6.54 Seasons Winter Spring Summer Automn Pp(x10)/Tp 950 / 238 1430 / 442 800 / 755 1970 / 534 Io (Iot) 3.992 3.235 1.060 3.689 Semesters December−May June−November Pp(x10)/Tp 2380 / 680 2770 / 1289 Io (Iosm) 3.500 2.149

MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Latitude: 41°5’N Longitude: 0°39’E Altitude: 41 m Aridity Value Index (AVI) [10xPP/TP=IO]: 5150/1969=2.62 There is No Yearly Aridity

Months Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Pp [P*10] 550 250 150 400 370 660 400 170 230 580 540 850 Tp [T*10] 82 74 82 110 144 188 226 266 263 226 178 130 Iom [Pp/Tp] 671 338 183 364 257 351 177 64 87 257 303 654 Avm [200−Iom] *** *** 17 *** *** *** 23 136 113 *** *** *** Seasons Winter Spring Summer Automn Pp / Tp 950 / 238 1430 / 442 800 / 755 1970 / 534 Iot [Pp/Tp] 399 324 106 369 Avs E[Avm<200] *** *** 272 *** Weak lower arid [1] Weak upper arid [1] Strong lower semiarid [1] Weak upper semiarid [2]

4 MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Latitude: 41°5’N Longitude: 0°39’E Altitude: 41 m BIOCLIMATIC INDICES I CI of Supan (1884) [Tmax−Tmin] ...... (Sp): 19.20 CI of Gorezinski (1920) [1.7*Sp/sin(Lat)−20.4] ...... : 29.27 CI of Conrad (1946) [1.7*Sp/sin(Lat+10)−14] ...... : 27.95 + Oceanic (20R>0) Aridity Index of Martonne (1926) [Ia=P/(T+10)] ...... : 19.50 + Semiarid −mediterranean− (20>Ia>15) I of Emberger (1930) [Q=100*P/(Tmmax²−Tmmin²)] ...... : 46.80 + Semiarid (50>Q>30) I of Dantin & Revenga (1940) [DR=100*T/P] ...... : 3.19 + Arid (6>DR>3) Aridity Index of UNEP [I=P/PE] ...... : 0.59 + Subhumid − dry (0.65>I>0.5) Potencial Erosion I of Fournier (1960) [K=Pi²/P].....: 14.03 + Very low (K<60)

MORA D EBRE (ESP TARRAGONA) Latitude: 41°5’N Longitude: 0°39’E Altitude: 41 m BIOCLIMATIC INDICES II Bioclimatic classification of Gaussen & Bagnouls (1957) + Climate ....: A. Warm and temperate warm + Region .....: 5. Bixeric (Bixeric) + Thermic type: 3. Macro−mesothermic Thornthwaite (1948) Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. P−E ratio 0.13 0.07 0.19 0.16 0.27 0.14 0.05 0.07 0.21 0.22 0.42 0.31 T−E ratio 3.33 3.69 4.95 6.48 8.46 10.17 11.97 11.83 10.17 8.01 5.85 3.69 Precipitation−effectiveness: 22.54 Temperature−efficiency ....: 88.60 Moisture Index [MI=100*(P−PE)/PE] ...... : −41.47 + D.Semiarid (−66.7

ESP TARRAGONA °C 41°5’N / 0°39’E / 41 m 400 33.3 MORA D EBRE 300 2.9 [22−22] +16.4 °C 515.0 mm 200 50 100 90 40 80 70 30 60 50 20 40 30 10 20 10 0 0 J F M A M J J A S O N D mm −10

5 ESP TARRAGONA °C 41°5’N / 0°39’E / 41 m 33.3 MORA D EBRE 2.9 [22−22] +16.4 °C 515.0 mm Mean Max 50 Mean min Abs Max Abs Min 40

0 JFMAMJJASOND −10

ESP TARRAGONA 41°5’N / 0°39’E / 41 m MORA D EBRE Period T−P [22−22] Thornthwaite Thornthwaite T−E Ratio P−E Ratio 30 3.0

25 2.5

20 2.0

15 1.5

10 1.0

5 0.5

0 0.0 JFMAMJJASOND

ESP TARRAGONA 41°5’N / 0°39’E / 41 m MORA D EBRE Period T−P [22−22] Mediterranean Ombrothermic Index [PE/P] Index [P/T] 15.0 30

12.5 25

10.0 20

7.5 15

5.0 10

2.5 5

0.0 0 JFMAMJJASOND