WellBeing International WBI Studies Repository 2001 Animal Research: A Review of Developments, 1950–2000 Andrew N. Rowan The Humane Society of the United States Franklin M. Loew Becker College Follow this and additional works at: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/sota_2001 Part of the Animal Experimentation and Research Commons, Animal Studies Commons, and the Bioethics and Medical Ethics Commons Recommended Citation Rowan, A.N., & Loew, F.M. (2001). Animal research: A review of developments, 1950-2000. In D.J. Salem & A.N. Rowan (Eds.), The state of the animals 2001 (pp. 111-120). Washington, DC: Humane Society Press. This material is brought to you for free and open access by WellBeing International. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. Animal Research: A Review of Developments, 7CHAPTER 1950–2000 Andrew N. Rowan and Franklin M. Loew Introduction ne can divide the debate over oft-quoted example (Bliss 1982). with a few minor retrenchment peri- the use of animals in research Opposition to the practice was spo- ods, up to the present time (see Fig- Oand testing into three broad radic and of little impact on policy ure 1). This growth led to an enor- periods. The first started in the 1860s makers, despite the support of such mous expansion in publicly funded and lasted until World War I. During powerful individuals as William Ran- research. In the private sector, the this period, animal research became dolph Hearst (owner of a newspaper discovery of penicillin and strepto- established as an important method empire) on the side of the anti-vivi- mycin led to a tremendous expansion of laboratory investigation and also as section societies.