Reproductive System Laboratory
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Te2, Part Iii
TERMINOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGICA Second Edition International Embryological Terminology FIPAT The Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology A programme of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) TE2, PART III Contents Caput V: Organogenesis Chapter 5: Organogenesis (continued) Systema respiratorium Respiratory system Systema urinarium Urinary system Systemata genitalia Genital systems Coeloma Coelom Glandulae endocrinae Endocrine glands Systema cardiovasculare Cardiovascular system Systema lymphoideum Lymphoid system Bibliographic Reference Citation: FIPAT. Terminologia Embryologica. 2nd ed. FIPAT.library.dal.ca. Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology, February 2017 Published pending approval by the General Assembly at the next Congress of IFAA (2019) Creative Commons License: The publication of Terminologia Embryologica is under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) license The individual terms in this terminology are within the public domain. Statements about terms being part of this international standard terminology should use the above bibliographic reference to cite this terminology. The unaltered PDF files of this terminology may be freely copied and distributed by users. IFAA member societies are authorized to publish translations of this terminology. Authors of other works that might be considered derivative should write to the Chair of FIPAT for permission to publish a derivative work. Caput V: ORGANOGENESIS Chapter 5: ORGANOGENESIS -
Laparoscopic Extraperitoneal Salpingo-Oophorectomy in Women with Suspicious Ovarian Mass, a Way to Reduce the Risk of Spillage
5 Surgical Technique Page 1 of 5 Laparoscopic extraperitoneal salpingo-oophorectomy in women with suspicious ovarian mass, a way to reduce the risk of spillage Giulio Sozzi, Giulia Zaccaria, Mariano Catello Di Donna, Giuseppina Lo Balbo, Stefania Cannarozzo, Vito Chiantera Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Palermo, Piazza Nicola Leotta, Palermo, Italy Correspondence to: Giulio Sozzi, MD. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Palermo, Piazza Nicola Leotta 4, 90127 Palermo, Italy. Email: [email protected]. Abstract: The objective of the present paper is to provide a step by step description of the laparoscopic extraperitoneal salpingo-oophorectomy, a surgical technique useful to reduce the risk of spillage in women with suspected ovarian masses. The patient was a 52-year-old woman with sonographic diagnosis of a multilocular, 5 cm lesion, with Color Score 3 at right ovary. Computed tomography (CT) scan excluded any other localization of disease. Tumor markers were negative, except for Ca 19.9 that was 85 IU/mL. Preliminary diagnostic laparoscopy was performed and peritoneal carcinomatosis was excluded. In order to obtain a histological diagnosis, an extraperitoneal right salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. At frozen section analysis it was diagnosed an ovarian adenocarcinoma. Therefore, a laparoscopic complete surgical staging including total hysterectomy, controlateral salpingo-oophorectomy, infracolic omentectomy, multiple peritoneal biopsies, and pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, was performed. Operative time was 240 minutes and estimated blood loss was about 50 mL. No intra or post-operative complications were observed, and the patient was discharged 3 days after surgery. Final histology showed the presence of clear cell high grade carcinoma in both ovaries without fallopian tubes infiltration. -
Chapter 28 *Lecture Powepoint
Chapter 28 *Lecture PowePoint The Female Reproductive System *See separate FlexArt PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables preinserted into PowerPoint without notes. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Introduction • The female reproductive system is more complex than the male system because it serves more purposes – Produces and delivers gametes – Provides nutrition and safe harbor for fetal development – Gives birth – Nourishes infant • Female system is more cyclic, and the hormones are secreted in a more complex sequence than the relatively steady secretion in the male 28-2 Sexual Differentiation • The two sexes indistinguishable for first 8 to 10 weeks of development • Female reproductive tract develops from the paramesonephric ducts – Not because of the positive action of any hormone – Because of the absence of testosterone and müllerian-inhibiting factor (MIF) 28-3 Reproductive Anatomy • Expected Learning Outcomes – Describe the structure of the ovary – Trace the female reproductive tract and describe the gross anatomy and histology of each organ – Identify the ligaments that support the female reproductive organs – Describe the blood supply to the female reproductive tract – Identify the external genitalia of the female – Describe the structure of the nonlactating breast 28-4 Sexual Differentiation • Without testosterone: – Causes mesonephric ducts to degenerate – Genital tubercle becomes the glans clitoris – Urogenital folds become the labia minora – Labioscrotal folds -
Uterine Rupture During Subsequent
ISSN: 2474-1353 Nishida et al. Int J Womens Health Wellness 2018, 4:070 DOI: 10.23937/2474-1353/1510070 Volume 4 | Issue 1 International Journal of Open Access Women’s Health and Wellness RESEARCH ARTICLE Uterine Rupture during Subsequent Pregnancy following Adeno- myomectomy - Report of Five Cases and Proposal for Prevention Masato Nishida1*, Yasuo Otsubo1, Yuko Arai1, Ryota Ichikawa1, Yuzuru Kondo2, Hiroya Itagaki1 and Miyako Sakanaka1 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization, Kasumigaura Medical Center, Japan 2Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization, Kasumigaura Medical Center, Tsuchiura, Japan *Corresponding author: Masato Nishida, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization, Kasumigaura Medical Center, 2-7-14 Shimotakatsu, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki, 300-8585, Japan, Check for Tel: +81-29-822-5050, Fax: +81-29-824-0494, E-mail: [email protected] updates Abstract taining the possibility of conception following surgery Purpose: The risk of uterine rupture is a major concern for [2,3]. Various perinatal complications are associated women who become pregnant after undergoing an adeno- with an adenomyomectomy [4], thus consensus for its myomectomy. The aim of this study was to investigate the indications among obstetricians has not been obtained. mechanism of uterine rupture and improve the surgical pro- Notably, uterine rupture is a lethal condition for both cedure used for prevention. mother and fetus [5]. Material and methods: Five patients who experienced uterine rupture during subsequent pregnancy after under- It is clinically important to investigate the mecha- going an adenomyomectomy performed with an open lapa- nism of uterine rupture in affected patients, and also rotomy were retrospectively investigated. -
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Female Reproduc Ve System
Human Anatomy Unit 3 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Female Reproducve System • Gonads = ovaries – almond shaped – flank the uterus on either side – aached to the uterus and body wall by ligaments • Gametes = oocytes – released from the ovary during ovulaon – Develop within ovarian follicles Ligaments • Broad ligament – Aaches to walls and floor of pelvic cavity – Connuous with parietal peritoneum • Round ligament – Perpendicular to broad ligament • Ovarian ligament – Lateral surface of uterus ‐ ‐> medial surface of ovary • Suspensory ligament – Lateral surface of ovary ‐ ‐> pelvic wall Ovarian Follicles • Layers of epithelial cells surrounding ova • Primordial follicle – most immature of follicles • Primary follicle – single layer of follicular (granulosa) cells • Secondary – more than one layer and growing cavies • Graafian – Fluid filled antrum – ovum supported by many layers of follicular cells – Ovum surrounded by corona radiata Ovarian Follicles Corpus Luteum • Ovulaon releases the oocyte with the corona radiata • Leaves behind the rest of the Graafian follicle • Follicle becomes corpus luteum • Connues to secrete hormones to support possible pregnancy unl placenta becomes secretory or no implantaon • Becomes corpus albicans when no longer funconal Corpus Luteum and Corpus Albicans Uterine (Fallopian) Tubes • Ciliated tubes – Passage of the ovum to the uterus and – Passage of sperm toward the ovum • Fimbriae – finger like projecons that cover the ovary and sway, drawing the ovum inside aer ovulaon The Uterus • Muscular, hollow organ – supports -
Ovarian Ligament Adenomyoma : a Case Report
Acta chir belg, 2007, 107, 84-85 Ovarian Ligament Adenomyoma : A Case Report L. Choudhrie, N. N. Mahajan, M. V. Solomon, A. Thomas, A. J. Kale, K. Mahajan Padhar Hospital, Padhar, District - Betul, Madhya Pradesh, India. Pin 460005. Key words. Ovarium ; ovarian adenoma ; uterine adenomyoma ; müllerian duct. Abstract. Background : Adenomyoma is a benign tumour composed of smooth muscle and benign endometrium. These tumours typically originate within the uterus. An extra-uterine adenomyoma is a rare entity. Case : We report a case of extra-uterine adenomyoma of the ovarian ligament, which was an incidental finding during a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a benign ovarian tumour in a postmenopausal woman. The mass was round with uterine-type smooth muscle and scattered functional endometrial glands and stroma. Discussion : Only seven other cases of an extra-uterine uterine-like mass are reported in the literature. There have been no cases of adenomyoma in the ovarian ligament reported until now. Conclusion : It is most likely that this uterine-like mass arose from the tissues of the secondary müllerian system. Introduction At laparotomy, a right ovarian tumour measuring 25 ϫ 22 ϫ 24 cm in size was present with a normal sized Extra-uterine adenomyomas may arise from the uterus, uterus and left ovary. A small 0.8 ϫ 0.8 cm nodule, from within the broad ligament, from the fallopian tube, weighing 10gms, was seen on the left ovarian ligament. or from the ovary. Adenomyomas, benign tumours com- Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo- posed of smooth muscle and non-neoplastic endometri- oophorectomy was done. -
Clinical Pelvic Anatomy
SECTION ONE • Fundamentals 1 Clinical pelvic anatomy Introduction 1 Anatomical points for obstetric analgesia 3 Obstetric anatomy 1 Gynaecological anatomy 5 The pelvic organs during pregnancy 1 Anatomy of the lower urinary tract 13 the necks of the femora tends to compress the pelvis Introduction from the sides, reducing the transverse diameters of this part of the pelvis (Fig. 1.1). At an intermediate level, opposite A thorough understanding of pelvic anatomy is essential for the third segment of the sacrum, the canal retains a circular clinical practice. Not only does it facilitate an understanding cross-section. With this picture in mind, the ‘average’ of the process of labour, it also allows an appreciation of diameters of the pelvis at brim, cavity, and outlet levels can the mechanisms of sexual function and reproduction, and be readily understood (Table 1.1). establishes a background to the understanding of gynae- The distortions from a circular cross-section, however, cological pathology. Congenital abnormalities are discussed are very modest. If, in circumstances of malnutrition or in Chapter 3. metabolic bone disease, the consolidation of bone is impaired, more gross distortion of the pelvic shape is liable to occur, and labour is likely to involve mechanical difficulty. Obstetric anatomy This is termed cephalopelvic disproportion. The changing cross-sectional shape of the true pelvis at different levels The bony pelvis – transverse oval at the brim and anteroposterior oval at the outlet – usually determines a fundamental feature of The girdle of bones formed by the sacrum and the two labour, i.e. that the ovoid fetal head enters the brim with its innominate bones has several important functions (Fig. -
4 Lecture Uterus Gross Anatomy
Body: major portion Uterine body Fundus: rounded superior region Fundus Isthmus: narrowed inferior region Lumen of uterus Cervix: narrow neck (cavity) of uterus Wall of uterus Body of uterus • Endometrium • Myometrium • Perimetrium Isthmus Cervical canal Vagina Cervix Posterior view © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. Uterus: ligaments (woman) The ligaments of the uterus are 10 in number: one anterior (vesicouterine fold of peritoneum); one posterior (rectouterine fold of peritoneum); two lateral or broad; two uterosacral; two cardinal (lateral cervical) ligaments; and two round ligaments. Anterior ligament: consists of the vesicouterine fold of peritoneum, which is reflected on to the bladder from the front of the uterus Posterior ligament: consists of the rectouterine fold of peritoneum, which is reflected from cervix on to the front of the rectum. Uterosacral ligaments: secure uterus to sacrum Suspensory ligament of ovary Peritoneum Uterine tube Ovary Uterosacral ligament Uterus Rectouterine Round ligament pouch Vesicouterine pouch Rectum Urinary bladder Pubic symphysis Mons pubis Cervix Urethra Clitoris Vagina External urethral orifice Anus © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. Domestic animals Rectum rectouterine fold vesicouterine fold Bladder cardinal (lateral cervical) ligaments: from cervix and superior vagina to pelvic lateral walls Suspensory ligament of Uterine ovary (fallopian) tube Fundus Lumen of uterus Ovarian (cavity) blood vessels of uterus Uterine tube Broad ligament Ovary • Ampulla • Isthmus • Mesosalpinx • Infundibulum • Mesovarium -
Nomina Histologica Veterinaria, First Edition
NOMINA HISTOLOGICA VETERINARIA Submitted by the International Committee on Veterinary Histological Nomenclature (ICVHN) to the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists Published on the website of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists www.wava-amav.org 2017 CONTENTS Introduction i Principles of term construction in N.H.V. iii Cytologia – Cytology 1 Textus epithelialis – Epithelial tissue 10 Textus connectivus – Connective tissue 13 Sanguis et Lympha – Blood and Lymph 17 Textus muscularis – Muscle tissue 19 Textus nervosus – Nerve tissue 20 Splanchnologia – Viscera 23 Systema digestorium – Digestive system 24 Systema respiratorium – Respiratory system 32 Systema urinarium – Urinary system 35 Organa genitalia masculina – Male genital system 38 Organa genitalia feminina – Female genital system 42 Systema endocrinum – Endocrine system 45 Systema cardiovasculare et lymphaticum [Angiologia] – Cardiovascular and lymphatic system 47 Systema nervosum – Nervous system 52 Receptores sensorii et Organa sensuum – Sensory receptors and Sense organs 58 Integumentum – Integument 64 INTRODUCTION The preparations leading to the publication of the present first edition of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria has a long history spanning more than 50 years. Under the auspices of the World Association of Veterinary Anatomists (W.A.V.A.), the International Committee on Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature (I.C.V.A.N.) appointed in Giessen, 1965, a Subcommittee on Histology and Embryology which started a working relation with the Subcommittee on Histology of the former International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee. In Mexico City, 1971, this Subcommittee presented a document entitled Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft as a basis for the continued work of the newly-appointed Subcommittee on Histological Nomenclature. This resulted in the editing of the Nomina Histologica Veterinaria: A Working Draft II (Toulouse, 1974), followed by preparations for publication of a Nomina Histologica Veterinaria. -
On the Origin from Accessory Fallopian Tubes of Cysts of the Broad Liga- Ment Situated Above the Fallopian Tube
456 Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ON THE ORIGIN FROM ACCESSORY FALLOPIAN TUBES OF CYSTS OF THE BROAD LIGA- MENT SITUATED ABOVE THE FALLOPIAN TUBE. By W. SAMPSUN HANDLEY, U.S., 11.D.(Loiid.),F.R.C.S. (Eng.), Surgeon to Ozit-patients, Samaritan Free Hospital. I. Tholies of tlLe oiiyiii of broad ligament cysts. Since Bantocli's work on the subject in 1873, it has been, up to a recent period, a generally accepted belief among gynscologists that all cysts developed between the layers of the broad ligament, whether above or below the tube, are of parovarian origin. Recently Prof. Kossmanii, of Berlin, has ably maintained, but has not demonstrated, that broad ligament cysts in general are of Mullerian origin. Kossxiiaiiii" has thus snmmarised his latest views on the subject :-" Further it should not escape notice, that the large cysts of the broad ligament, so far as they cannot be traced back to the ovary, have been viewed almost entirely as parovarian cysts, that is as cystic dilatations of the Wolffian diverticula (Schlauche) or of the Wolffiaii duct. 011 account of the histological structure of these cysts t I cannot share the general view, rather do I trace these cysts, which I shall speak of further, immediately to accessory Uullerian ducts. There can be no doubt that accessory Miillerian ducts occasionally give rise to cysts. We see frequently in the neighbourhood of the tubes, on the broad ligament or on the tube itself, little appendages with tt ring of fimbrk, which possess a cystically dilated lumen. The lumen communicates neither with the peritoneum nor with the main tube. -
Uterine Blood Flow and Perfusion in Mares with Uterine Cysts
REPRODUCTIONRESEARCH Uterine blood flow and perfusion in mares with uterine cysts: effect of the size of the cystic area and age J C Ferreira1, E L Gastal2 and O J Ginther1,2 1Eutheria Foundation, Cross Plains, Wisconsin 53528, USA and 2Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 1656 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA Correspondence should be addressed to E L Gastal; Email: [email protected] Abstract Transrectal color and power Doppler ultrasonography was used to study uterine blood flow and perfusion in mares with and without uterine cysts. Vascular perfusion of the uterus and blood flow velocities, vascular perfusion, diameter,circumference, and area of a cross section of the mesometrial attachment were evaluated. To study the effect of internal cysts, two matched groups (cystic and control, nZ21 mares/group) were used. Uterine vascular perfusion in mares with cysts was less (P!0.0001) in the cystic than the noncystic region and less (P!0.0009) than that for controls. Mares with cysts had lower (P!0.04) pulsatility index (PI) and greater end diastolic velocity (EDV; P!0.03) and time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMV; P!0.05) of the mesometrial vessels than the controls. To study the effect of the size of internal uterine cystic area, paired mares were arranged in four groups (nZ8–11/group): small uterine cystic area (%275 mm2) versus controls and large uterine cystic area (O410 mm2) versus controls. A small uterine cystic area did not affect uterine hemodynamics. Mares with large uterine cystic area had lower PI (P!0.05) and greater peak systolic velocity (P%0.05), EDV (P!0.009), and TAMV (P!0.005). -
Study Guide Anatomy Second Year Mbbs Session 2018-23
STUDY GUIDE ANATOMY SECOND YEAR MBBS SESSION 2018-23 INTRODUCTION Human anatomy is the branch of science concerned with their bodily structure. It deals with the way the parts of human, from molecules to bones, interact to form a functional unit. It is studied at three levels, macroanatomy or gross anatomy, microanatomy or histology, and developmental anatomy or embryology. Anatomy is an important lesson for medical students worldwide. Many of the clinical specialists consider having enough knowledge ofanatomy a prerequisite for performing safe and competent interventions in medicine. Learning anatomy practically and with clinical approach is necessary for medical students for flawless medical practice..Knowing the importance and clinical uses of anatomy, on the other hand, could help students improve their clinical acumen. TARGET 2nd year MBBS STUDENTS COURSE TO BE 1. Gross Anatomy: STUDIED IN a. Abdomen, Pelvis & Perineum, SECOND YEAR b. Head & Neck MBBS c. Neuroanatomy 2. Special Histology 3. Special Embryology COURSE TITLE ABDOMEN, PELVIS & PERINEUM DURATION 12 weeks OUT COMES At the end of the module, the students will be able to: • Explain the normal and abnormal gross and microscopic structures related to the abdomen, pelvis & perineal regions. OBJECTIVES At the end of the course student must be able to: 1: Anterolateral abdominal Walls • Give overview about walls, cavities, regions, and planes of anterolateral abdominal wall • Describe the layers, attachments & extent of fascia of the anterolateral abdominal wall • Enumerate muscles