"Divide and Conquer"

Government book distributed by the millions and reprinted inits entirety in the Saturday Evening Post issue of May 9th, 1942. Idea and material tsunplied by us. DIVIDEAND CON

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5$: "At the bottom of their hearts the great masses of the people are more likely to be poisoned than to be consciously and delib erately bad. In the primitive simplicity of their minds they are more easily victimized by a large than by a small lie, since they sometimes tell petty lies themselves but would be ashamed to tell big ones. "An untruth of that sort would never come into their heads, and they cannot believe that others would indulge in so vast an impudence as gross distortion. Even after being enlightened, they will long continue to doubt and waver, and will still believe there must be some truth behind it somewhere. For this reason some part of even the boldest lie is sure to stick -a fact which all the great liars and liars' societies in this world know only too well, and make base use of."

ADOLF HITLER, Mein Kampf

OFFICE OF FACTS AND FIGURES

Washington, D. C. The Story of Nazi Terror....

Soon after Pearl Harbor, a Nazi broad- "Mental confusion, indecisiveness, caster to America shouted: "British naval panic," Hitler once said, "these are our circles are finding encouragement in the weapons." 2 The United States is now defeat suffered by the United States !" subject to a total barrage of thé Nazi strat- Calculated to create distrust of our egy of terror. Hitler thinks Americans allies, this Nazi lie, like all Nazi lies, was are suckers. By the very vastness of his part of a vast strategy of terror. Hitler program of lies, he hopes to frighten us knows that in order to conquer the world into believing that the Nazis are invinci- he must first enslave the mind of man, ble. In carrying out that program he and toward that end he is carrying out a takes it for granted that decent people program of propaganda, blackmail, and here -as they have elsewhere -will say : death. Because he fears truth, he has "Such evil cannot be." But Hitler is tried every means of wiping it off the face wrong. For Americans, reading the of the earth. story of the Hitler terror, will neither be iFor sources see end of pamphlet. 3 blinded nor afraid. As free men, they and valuable book, The Strategy of Ter- will say to Hitler, "Don't pull any of your ror, has said that these rumors, planted by tricks on us. We're wise to them." Hitler agents, were often passed on during casual conversations. "I heard today," Pre- Invasion Tactics a young Frenchman whispered to a group Before Hitler attacks any country, his of friends at a sidewalk cafe, "that Hitler agents carefully sow seeds of hate and dis- has a secret weapon that will destroy Paris unity, turning people against their own in 2 minutes. This machine is so ter- governments, governments against their rible that even Hitler is afraid to use it." allies, class against class. By nightfall each of his friends had told Before the invasion of Austria, young several other friends, and the story soon Nazi hoodlums were sent onto the streets blanketed Paris. to play schoolboy pranks on the police and make them appear ridiculous in the The Poison Takes Hold eyes of passersby.' In the early days of These rumors and thousands like them the war, before France was invaded, mo- gradually accomplished their purpose. rale was lowered by professional weepers, Circulated day after day, worming their clothed in deep mourning and wailing way into the minds of Frenchmen, Nor- loudly, who wandered into subways and wegians, Danes, Belgians, Austrians, onto buses in Paris spreading the false Dutch, Czechs, and Poles, they created a belief that French casualties were enor- feeling of fear and frustration, a loathing mous. Mothers received mysterious post- of the war, and a certainty of defeat. cards informing them that their sons, at Having weakened the resistance of his the front, had either been killed or were enemies, Hitler was quick to find outlets deathly ill. Soldiers received anonymous for their discontent. notes saying that their wives or sweet- For most evil, the Jews were to blame. hearts were unfaithful and had run off Business is bad? Labor is to blame. with British soldiers.' Palm readers and Wages are low? Capital is to blame. crystal gazers in the pay of Hitler gloomily War is hell? The British are to blame. predicted to their clients that in the days Everybody was to blame except Hitler, to come France would lie prostrate at the the common enemy who would crush feet of Germany.' Nazi agents combed them all. National unity was destroyed the gossip columns of Paris newspapers by setting group against group. In Bel- for items that could be used as blackmail gium, Nazis told the French -speaking against prominent persons. Armed with Walloons that King Leopold was pro - scraps of personal dirt, they would force German and was preparing to sell out the victim to act as a Hitler agent, and Belgium to the Nazis; they told the Flem- help spread rumors to confuse and demor- ish that King Leopold had a secret treaty alize the public. Rumors of secret weap- with the Allies and was ready to declare ons spread like wildfire : Hitler had elec- war on Germany.' "Why should French- trical mines, nerve gas, deadly germs that men die for Danzig ?" read elegantly could be dropped over an entire country- printed propaganda tracts mailed to side' Frenchmen in hand -addressed envelopes.' Edmond Taylor, in his authoritative Slowly, Hitler tried to deaden the corn-

4 bative spirit of the French soldier and Comic strips were tossed over the make him distrust his British ally. When Maginot Line, picturing a French poilu the French first crossed into German ter- and an English Tommy about to dive into ritory, the Germans retired without firing a swimming pool marked "Blood Bath." a shot, leaving behind placards and pos- At the last moment the poilu dove in, but ters saying that they had no quarrel with the Tommy, calmly smoking his pipe, the French. When French scouting walked away. "The English will fight to planes swooped over the German lines, the last drop of French blood," said the the Germans stood up and waved hand- caption.Y2 Special trench mortars shot kerchiefs. During the first week of the beautifully colored postcards into the war, French soldiers, unloading barges at French lines, bearing pictures of a Strasbourg, were suddenly blinded by wounded poilu lying amidst the ruins of a German searchlights. "Do not be afraid, town. "Where are the Tommies ?" read French Kamaraden," cried a German the simple caption. Held to the light, the officer through the loudspeaker. "We postcard revealed a Tommy-well -fed just turned on the light so you could see and prosperous- courting the poilu's better. We have had the same work on wife.1' our side and we know how it is." Work- The Death Litany ing in the glare of German lights, the French accomplished two nights' work in The Germans played monotonously one.' Hitler convinced the French the upon the fear of death. "Frenchmen !" war could be waged without fighting. cried a leaflet, shaped like a coffin, "Pre- "Defense" would triumph. Bloodshed pare your coffins." Tracts shaped like was futile, offensive military action leaves swirled over the front. "Next against Germany unnecessary. One had spring when the offensive comes," they only to sit and wait, safe and snug, behind read, "you will fall as the autumn leaves the Maginot Line. are falling now-and for what ?" 1' Often, when German guns were about Night after night during the long winter to fire, loudspeakers warned the French of 1939 -4o, when the armies of France to take cover, even announcing where the and Germany were lined up facing each shells would land.10 And if the Germans other, German loudspeakers blared forth were so friendly, why should one die? their propaganda : false lists of French The Germans had an answer for that, an "prisoners" were periodically announced; answer calculated to separate the French French dignitaries, visiting the front with from their British ally. "Frenchmen!" elaborate secrecy, were greeted by the cried one tract, dropped over the front, German loudspeakers; several minutes "We want nothing from you, neither your after a French infantry unit arrived at the land nor your lives. You don't want to front, the Germans announced the name fire on us; we don't want to fire on you. of every member of the unit, his home Who are the only ones who want this town, and the names of his officers. This stupid war? The English alone. The so demoralized the group that it had to be English will fight once more to the last instantly removed."B Frenchman. P. S. This is not propa- Hitler's war of nerves in neutral coun- ganda. This is an exposé of the facts." 11 tries, such as Holland and Belgium, was

5 designed to keep them in a constant Belgium. Simultaneously, the German state of terror. By means of periodic Foreign Minister, von Ribbentrop, sum- war scares -carefully planned and re- moned the Belgian Ambassador to his hearsed-he gradually produced a set of office in Berlin, picked a fight over some national jitters that left these nations minor economic demand, and finally weakened and demoralized. threw the Ambassador out of his office, A typical war scare was engineered in shouting, "You want war; well, you'll Belgium in January 194o, when an ob- get it !" scure Nazi paper reported heavy German Belgian officials immediately sent a troop concentrations along the Belgian hurry call to General Gamelin, chief of borders. Belgian papers fell into the the French forces, warning that Belgium trap by widely reprinting the item. momentarily expected a German attack. Blood pressure rose all over Belgium. A Defeatist rumors inside Belgium added to day later a German plane carrying two the terror. German agents launched German officers became "lost" over Bel- whispering campaigns that Belgian de- gian territory and was forced to land fenses were obsolete and would crumble inside the frontier. Oddly enough, the like paper before the German onslaught. officers had in their pockets German Swastikas appeared mysteriously on curb- General Staff "plans" for an invasion of stones, on the walls of buildings, and in

6 the mails, while Nazi agents distributed "Hitler cannot lose.. There will be no Belgian flags bearing swastikas. "Keep room in southeastern Europe for those this flag," they warned. "When the Ger- who refuse to do business with Hitler. A mans arrive sew it onto your coat. Then smart man would climb on the band- you will surely be well treated." But the wagon now." 18 Germans did not arrive for 5 months- German importers lured Balkan traders months of hideous suspense.l" into the trap by agreeing to buy surplus products of these nations, in exchange for The Or -Else Technique German machinery. At one time more Hitler's terror was often less than than 7o percent of the wheat crop in one subtle. The night before the invasion of or more of the Danubian countries went Norway, the German Ambassador in- to Germany. On the surface this ap- vited many prominent Norwegians to his peared to be a profitable arrangement, home and showed them "Baptism by but once Germany controlled this market Fire," a movie taken during the invasion she could close it at will, and thus plunge of Poland. Bombed cities, raging fires, these nations into economic chaos.19 If and crushed bodies were pictured in har- Balkan businessmen refused to knuckle rowing detail. Later, over champagne under to Hitler, the Nazis resorted to and a midnight supper, the German Am- blackmail, bribery, and assassination. bassador quietly observed that the Poles The price of doing business with Hitler could have been spared this tragedy had not only brought economic strangulation they granted Hitler's demands. Other but political suicide. To keep in the good nations, he suggested, would do well to graces of their German masters, Balkan remember Poland's fate." businessmen were ordered, as a mere For years the Nazis bloodlessly invaded starter, to adapt themselves to Nazi ways, the Balkans, sending countless German to fire all anti -Nazi employees, and to agents armed with brief cases and im- stop doing business with Jewish firms and peccable manners to cultivate the friend- Jewish customers ?° ship of business and professional men. The Fifth Columns Countless German commercial travelers abroad were Nazi agents. From 1933 "National socialism were worthless if the Germans worked assiduously at their limited to Germany alone," Hitler has game, often staying on the job 15 to i8 said, "and if it would not seal the rule of hours a day, rising early and finishing the superior race over the entire world for breakfast in their hotels while the other at least one thousand to two thousand guests ( doing business as usual) were still years." 21 To extend national socialism, snoozing. Spreading the gospel of Hit- he is spending $300,000,000 each year to ler, some agents wormed their way into organize Germans abroad, and to spread the confidence of cabinet ministers, others German propaganda. Directing this sub- worked on newspapermen, still others on versive activity is the Auslands Organiza- persons high in financial or military cir- tion (Germans Abroad) of the Nazi cles. No layer of society was neglected. party, with headquarters in Berlin, boo Different words were chanted to different agencies in foreign countries, and a mem-

groups, but always the tune was the same : bership of 4,000,000.

7 Although it is the largest group work- in everyday Polish life. Sudeten Ger- Norwegian countrysides with notebook During the battle of France, German ing for Hitler abroad, the Auslands Or- mans in Czechoslovakia actively engaged and camera and turned their information bombs and planes were equipped with ganization functions in close conjunction in destroying the Czechoslovakian Re- over to the German Army.24 screaming sirens and whistles, turning the with the Gestapo, the propaganda min- public. They adopted Nazi emblems, In this country, the activities of organi- battlefield into an inferno of sound." istry of Dr. Goebbels, the Labor Front, the sang Hitler songs, celebrated Nazi holi- zations like the German -American Bund Obsolete planes with schoolboy pilots, as intelligence services of the German Army, days, learned Nazi techniques of treach- have served to embarrass and disgust well as every outmoded training tank in Navy, and Air Force, and the foreign of- ery, and practiced the whole rigmarole of millions of loyal German -Americans. the Reich, were thrown into battle in fice with its embassies and consulates in Nazi blood and terror. Dissatisfied Federal investigative agencies have dem- some areas to convince the French that all parts of the wor1d.22 A minority of Flemings in Belgium, as well as members onstrated the fact that they are aware of, resistance was futile against such over- perhaps i,000,000 Germans in Poland of the pro -Nazi Rexist party of Léon and are dealing with, such activities. whelming odds. G e r m a n s wearing undermined the Bel- French uniforms behind the worked for a Hitler victory. In special Degrelle, resolutely Invasion Tactics parachuted German camps, i o,000 of these were gian nation, and prepared to create panic lines to issue false orders, tap military his misdirect traffic. trained to guide the invaders to strategic and aid the enemy on the day of in- Hitler invades only when he feels lines, and Often they well in spots when they arrived. Posing as vasion.23 Strength -through -Joy visitors groundwork of treachery has been spread panic the villages merely by waiters, barbers, cab drivers, organized in and Wandervögel (young hitchhikers) - laid. During actual invasion, the strat- rushing through, crying, "Get out, the untold confusion and Germans are singing societies, drinking clubs, and cul- outwardly German tourists enjoying the egy of terror creates coming." Seizing French tural groups, they were deeply entrenched sights carefully mapped the Polish and panic, among both civilians and soldiers. wave lengths, Germans broadcast false

8 9 warnings to inhabitants of villages and they crushed those hopes by crying that towns, driving entire populations onto the Warsaw itself had fallen-a good 2 weeks roads, and clogging them so heavily that before it surrendered. Many other Pol- French reinforcements could not reach ish cities immediately capitulated, feeling the front. that with the capital lost resistance was During the most frenzied days of the futile.28 blitzkrieg, the mayor of Senlis, 3o miles Tactics of north of Paris, received a phone call. Occupation "This is the mayor of Beauvais," said the "The idea of pacifism and humanity voice. "The Germans have crossed the may be quite good," Hitler has said, Oise River. Evacuate instantly." Out "after the supreme race has conquered poured the population of Senlis, adding to and subdued the world." 29 Having con- the already frightful crush on the roads. quered a nation, Hitler enslaves it by mass Only later, when the damage had been terror on a scale beyond measure in hu- done, was it learned that the phone call man history. His "New Order" in had come from a German agent.2ó Europe is designed to make every con- Confidential orders found on two Ger- quered nation, and every person and man pilots shot down over Poland during thing within that nation, totally sub- the invasion reveal the role that the fifth servient to the Reich. His most brutal column was scheduled to play in that terror has been exercised in Poland. country. Poles sympathetic with the Having destroyed Polish cities and homes, Germans, according to the instructions, and having decreed that Poles are inferior the advancing German forces by status, "clearing the roads for the passage of Ger- Hitler has systematically tried to break man troops; by preventing the Poles from their wills and make them live a sub- blowing up the bridges and paved high- human existence. A notice posted on the ways; by starting a minor war in the rear walls of Torun shortly after the occupa- of the Poles." Polish fifth columnists tion read: "Poles of both sexes, when aided German fliers by arranging piles of meeting uniformed representatives of the hay in their fields in the shape of arrows,. German Army or Germans wearing arm- pointing straight to munition dumps and lets, must give way to them. The streets other strategic posts.27 While the city belong to the victors, not to the van- was still being valiantly defended, Nazi quished. . . Polish women who address agents sabotaged the Warsaw radio sta- Volksdeutsche [Germans] or insult them tion by capturing its wave length and will be sent to houses of prostitution." 8° broadcasting from the German border To destroy future leadership, the brainiest city of Breslau, imitating the familiar and most influential men in each district voice of the Warsaw announcer. First of western Poland ( the portion directly the Germans raised hopes by falsely an- annexed to Germany) were murdered in nouncing that hundreds of British planes cold blood, including at least 25,000 re- had arrived in Poland, that the Allies ligious leaders, wealthy landowners, pro- were thrashing the Germans in the west, fessional men, and peasants noted for and that Italy had entered on the side of social activities.81 Britain and France. Several hours later "An inferior race needs less food and

10 less culture than a superior race," Dr. Ley, thrown into the car by guards. Before the Nazi head of the Labor Front, de- leaving, the Gestapo makes them prepare clared in February 1940. Where Ger- for the arrival of people who will live in mans in Poland receive 81/2 ounces of their homes ( Germans imported from the margarine and i pint of milk a week, Reich) by leaving the keys hanging on Poles receive none. To demoralize the the doorknob." They never see their Poles, alcohol is distributed to peasants in homes again. exchange for grain. No classical or According to Cardinal Hlond of Po- patriotic music is permitted. Every land, the Catholic church has been prac- monument, every document, every trace tically wiped out in western Poland. of Polish culture is being destroyed.32 Three -quarters of the population have The Polish press has been entirely wiped been deprived of the services of the out. Poles cannot mingle with Germans church, even on their deathbeds. In the in public conveyances. There is no archdioceses of Poznañ and Gniezno a Polish Jews in longer single school." alone, 631 churches, 454 chapels, and 253 Warsaw have been packed into a ghetto convents and religious edifices have been in the center of The city, surrounded by destroyed or closed.87 an 8 -foot wall, topped by broken glass or Thus has the "New Order" polluted barbed wire.84 Europe. One million Poles have been shipped Tactics in America into Germany as laborers. Once in Ger- many, they must wear a yellow marker "America is permanently on the brink embroidered with a large P. Poles are of revolution," Hitler has said. "It will not considered citizens of the Reich, but be a simple matter for me to produce re- are forced, nonetheless, to pay all ordi- volts and unrest in the United States, so hands nary German taxes. In addition, they that these gentry will have their full." 88 pay a 15 percent supertax (for being "in- matter? depends on us, ferior people ") , as well as a 2 percent tax Simple That for the Labor Front (to which they are and on how well we profit from the lessons not admitted), and make constant con- of Europe. We have seen how Hitler's tributions to the Winter Help Fund (in strategy created internal distress in every which they do not share) .85 Nearly nation he planned to attack. We have 2,000,000 Poles have been lifted bodily seen how he undermined civilian morale, from their homes in the western prov- separated governments from their allies, inces and shipped to the Government - set group against group. We have seen General of Poland in the center of the the extent of his subtlety and the depth of country. These deportations are carried his terror -before invasion, during in- out between i and 4 in the morning. vasion, and after occupation. The Gestapo surrounds a section of the The United States is still intact, but town without previous warning, ropes Hitler hopes to destroy that unity, physi- off all exits, and awakens the inhabitants. cally and mentally. All his tricks are Given 3 hours to pack one suitcase or now being directed against us. Our job parcel, they are locked in cattle cars, and today is one of individual awareness, in taken to central Poland, food being order to avoid falling into Hitler's trap.

11 Hitler propaganda wears a thousand false others. Using huge mailing lists, they faces. It never announces itself as flooded the country with pamphlets dis- "Nazi." It appears where least ex- cussing the "German side." Heavier fare pected, and under the most innocent was dispensed by the American Fellow- auspices, often turning up as the latest ship Forum, which ostensibly tried to funny story told during lunch. foster better German- American relations German propagandists first told the by weighty discussions, but actually pre- story- widely circulated some months sented Hitler's views in sugar- coated ago -about the Englishman, Dutchman, form to many loyal, unsuspecting Ameri- Frenchman, and Greek who were flying cans.40 Although these organizations no toward England in a crippled plane. To longer function in the United States, lighten the load and save the plane, ad- many of their ideas are still being spread vised the pilot, some people would have by publications and groups, often uncon- to jump. Both the Frenchman and sciously and without knowledge of the Dutchman promptly dove out the door. source. "For our countries !" they cried. The plane still faltered, and the pilot called for Before Pearl Harbbr one more man to sacrifice his life. The Englishman arose, his face grave. "For For several years before Pearl Harbor, England !" he said solemnly -pushing the Hitler propaganda in this country at- Greek overboard.39 Many people inno- tempted to paralyze our thinking-to give cently repeated this story without realiz- the impression that the war was none of ing its aim: to create contempt for our our business; that no one would dare to ally, and leave the impression that other attack us; that our two oceans would pro- people fight his battles.* tect us; that, anyway, Hitler had no in- We must not fall into the trap of as- terest in the Western Hemisphere ; that if suming that, since the closing of the Ger- we would only refrain from doing any- man consulates, German propagandists thing Hitler didn't like, Hitler would have been silenced. Transocean News leave ùs alone; that anyone who warned Service, posing as a legitimate news bu- us that Hitler meant what he said was a reau, spread Hitler propaganda through- warmonger; that anyone who urged us to out North America. The German Li- gain time for our own defense by helping brary of Information and the German those who were already opposing Hitler Railroads Information sent out tons of was trying to lead us into war. attractively printed "white books" and The line is familiar enough. It didn't "news letters" of German propaganda to fool the American people. But it was businessmen, clergymen, editors, and picked up and repeated by many groups who would have *In this connection, it is significant that to Decem- of Americans -people ber 31, 1941, 71.3 percent of British Commonwealth been shocked to learn that they were car- casualties (both dead and wounded) were United rying the Nazi message. Kingdom troops from England, Scotland, and North Ireland; 18.2 percent were Dominion troops (Canada, Today most of these Americans have Australia, New Zealand, South Africa) ; 5.5 percent recanted publicly or in private. A few were from India (including many United Kingdom mumble, "I told you so" hope no troops) ; 5 percent were Colonials. (British Ministry -and of Information.) one will remember what it was they really

12 THE BRITISH 3z Z- THE AMERICANS 82-Z Z -Z -z-

told. The rest see very well and under- spread throughout the country to de- stand very clearly that history has caught moralize not only the draftees but up with the words they uttered. They their parents at home. Stories were cir- understand now the cynical dishonesty of culated of epidemics in Army camps, the Nazi opiates. They remember the bad food, and numerous desertions. Ac- words which said: if the Nazis can't cross cording to rumors, maneuvers were being the 20 miles of the English Channel, how held in localities so infested with rattle- can they cross the 3,000 miles of the At- snakes that thousands of soldiers were lantic? There are dead men in the dying of snake bites. As in France, post- waters off New Jersey and Hatteras who cards were mailed to parents, painting can in ber the words which said : "The Western The British, the Jews, and the Roosevelt Hemisphere, by itself, possesses all the Administration were accused of driving materials necessary for American indus- the country into war. try in war or peace. Large stocks [of War has only intensified the barrage of rubber] on hand, plus a growing synthetic propaganda. Day after day, the Axis industry, will prevent any real emergency, short waves pour falsehoods into the whatever happens in the Netherlands In- United States. Hitler communicates dies and British Malaya." The tire ra- with his agents here by these short -wave tioning boards will appreciate that state- broadcasts. Listening to the programs, ment now that Singapore has fallen. they learn the current propaganda line They remember the words which said : and immediately act upon it, spreading the Japs and the Nazis will leave us alone rumors that will leave the impression on if we'll only negotiate with them, try to American minds that Hitler wishes to get on well with them. Pearl Harbor leave. Since the war began, German knows the answer to that -Pearl Harbor short waves have shouted of barricades and the office of Cordell Hull where the in the streets of Washington, of panic on Axis diplomats bowed and smirked and the stock market, of exaggerated losses at negotiated while the bombs fell. Pearl Harbor and throughout the Pa- With this strategy of deceit, Hitler suc- cific.41 German short -wave stories of ceeded in duping many loyal Americans. losses at Pearl Harbor, for example, gave Many rumors, all of them false, were the signal for the Hitler agents to spread

13 rumors that we had lost our fleet, and order to divert us from our true enemy- that our naval officials were traitors. the Axis; to paralyze our will to fight. have Hitler short -wave broadcasts Hitler wants us to believe that : of American troops charged that landing Democracy is dying. in North Ireland was timed "to coincide Our armed forces are weak. absorption of with Roosevelt's gradual The "New Order" is inevitable. short Australia and Canada." Via We are lost in the Pacific. us that "American for- wave, Hitler tells Our West Coast is in such grave dan- from Downing eign policy is dictated ger there is no point in fighting on. Street rather than from Washington, and The British are decadent, and "sold bag." To will leave America holding the us a bill of goods." he British England, however, cries, "The The cost of the war will bankrupt the Empire is dissolving like a lump of sugar nation. of into Roosevelt's teacup." Every sign Civilian sacrifices will be more than is a thou- doubt and confusion magnified we can bear. back over the air. sand -fold and sent Stalin is getting too strong, and Bol- shevism will sweep over Europe. What Hitler Wants Us to Believe Our leaders are incompetent, our To destroy our national unity, create Government incapable of waging unrest in all groups of the population, and war. our allies must stop. deflect us from our major purpose -the Aid to peril is the Japanese, and defeat of the Axis- Hitler is trying to set Our real stamp capital against labor, white against we must join Germany to Peril." Negro, Catholic against Protestant, out the "Yellow bring all our troops and Christian against Jew. He knows that We must back to the United prejudice, in any form, plays his game. weapons States, and defend only our own Controlling the sources of news in every shores. occupied country, and often in neutral The Chinese and the British will nations, he releases only such news as he make a separate peace with Japan wants us to read. He will try to play and Germany. upon our fears, raise our hopes, confuse American democracy will be lost and bewilder us. Through statements luring the war. from "authoritative sources" he will pre- sent false and misleading pictures, often To spread these and other lies, Hitler leading us to believe that he is weak when will pull every trick in his black bag. But he is strong, napping when he is preparing Americans will not be fooled. We know to spring. that Hitler, who acts like a terror, is really His strategy will follow no set pattern. the most frightened man on earth. The One line will be pursued today, another upraised arm, the shouting voice, the tomorrow. But always his broad aims mighty bluster, all mask a mortal dread

will be the same : to separate us from our of the weapon that makes men free: the allies by arousing distrust of them; to truth. We are armed with the truth, and create friction within the United States in we will crush the tyrant.

14 Sources

' Federal Communications Commission Monitoring 24 Polish Ministry of Information, London: The Ger- Digest: Berlin, 8:15 p. m. news broadcast, De- man Fifth Column in Poland; Carl J. Hambro: cember 15, 1941. I Saw It Happen in Norway. 2 Hermann Rauschning: The Voice of Destruction, "Wm. Donovan and E. A. Mowrer: Fifth Column p. 10. Lessons for America. 'Edmond Taylor: The Strategy of Terror, p. 73. "Thomas Kernan: France on Ibid., p. 205. Berlin Time. " Polish Interview with André Visson. Ministry of Information, London: The Ger- e man Fifth in Edmond Taylor: "The Strategy of Terror" (Reader's Column Poland. 2' Ibid. Digest, September 1940) . ° André Visson: Article in New York Herald Tribune, " Adolf Hitler: Mein Kampf. October 1 o, 1941. 30 Polish Information Center, New York: Documents 8 Edmond Taylor: The Strategy of Terror, p. 103. 8 and 9 (Extermination of the Polish People and 9 Ibid., pp. 196 -197. Colonization by German Nationals). "° Ibid., p. 179. 31Ibid. " " German propaganda leaflet in Library of Congress Cardinal Hlond, Primate of Poland: The Persecu- War Collection. tion of the Catholic Church in Poland. 17 A. H. Narracott: War News Had Wings, p. 57. "Ibid. " Wallace R. Deuel: Hitler and Nazi Germany Un- "Demaree Bess: "Poland in Chains" (The Saturday censored, p. 7. Evening Post, April 5, 1941) . 19 Leaflets in Library of Congress War Collection. " Thomas Reveille: The Spoil of Europe. "Edmond Taylor: The Strategy of Terror, pp. 1g1- " Polish 202. Ministry of Information, London: Poland One of "Ibid., pp. 200 -201. After Tear War; Cardinal Hlond: The " Persecution of the Catholic Church in Poland; Life, May 13, 1940. Polish Information Center, New York: " Leland Stowe: No Other Road to Freedom, pp. Docu- 9. 203 -220. ments 8 and " Edmond Taylor: "How America Can Take the Of- " Cardinal Hlond: The Persecution of the Catholic fensive" (Fortune, May 1941). Church in Poland. R' Ibid. 98 Hermann Rauschning: The Voice of Destruction, " Adolf Hitler, quoted by Otto Strasser in Aufbau des P. 4. 39 deutschen Sozialismus. Henry F. Pringle: "Don't Believe a Word of It!" 22 Wm. Donovan and E. A. Mowrer: Fifth Column (Collier's, January 57, 1942). Lessons for America; the editors of Fortune: "The 90 Special Committee on Un- American Activities- War of Nerves: U. S. Front" (Fortune, October House of Representatives, 67th Cong., 3d sess., on 1940). H. Res. 282- Appendix, Part II. 29 Wm. Donovan and E. A. Mowrer: Fifth Column " Federal Communications Commission Monitoring Lessons for America. Digests, week of December 15, 1941.

D. R. Fitzpatrick of the St. Louis Post -Dispatch illustrated this pamphlet as a contribution to the war effort.

* U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1942 16- 27010-1

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DIVIDE' CONQOER

For additional copies, write Office of Facts and Figures, Washington, D. C. c3interitatimte ;'ZtVa- erkxtr¢ GENERAL OFFICES 235 EAST 45?t+ STREET, NEW YORK CITY March 30, 1942

Mr. Richard C. Rothschild 15th Floor 386 Fourth Avenue New York City

Dear Mr. Rothschild:

I thought you would be interested in seeing the story we carried about the "Divide and Conquer" pamphlet and also the attached clipping from the Sunday Mirror, which gave it very good position next to the Winchell column- -the most widely read page in the paper.

Best regards.

Si yours,

S -ymou Berkson

SB/ks /¡JQ att. c3intrrrta#taztztl Nttro GENERAL OFFICES 235 EAST 45TH STREET, NEW YORK CITY March 31, 1942

Mr. Richard C. Rothschild 15th Floor 386 Fourth Avenue New York City

Dear Mr. Rothschild: Herewith please find some additional tearsheets from out -of -town showing how our story on the "Divide and Conquer" pamphlet was displayed.

Best regards. inc ere o s,

o Be son)

SB /ks att. TXN47 (FOR RELEASE IN PAPERS OF- .SUNDAY, MARCH 29) BY WILLIAM L. UMSTEAD

INTERNATIONAL NEWS SERVICE STAFF CORRESPONDENT

WASHINGTON, MARCH 28- (INS) -AN EXPOSE OF GERMAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES

AND OBJECTIVES IN THE UNITED STATES, WHICH ARE SUBJECTING THIS COUNTRY

TO A *BARRAGE OF THE NAZI STRATEGY OF TERROR," WAS PLACED BEFORE THE

AMERICAN PUBLIC TONIGHT BY THE OFFICE OF FACTS AND FIGURES.

IN A DOCUMENTED PAMPHLET ENTITLED "DIVIDE AND CONQUER," THE OFF DISCLOSED NAZI PROPAGANDA METHODS TO SEPARATE US FROM OUR ALLIES BY

AROUSING DISTRUST OF THEM; TO CREATE FRICTION WITHIN THE UNITED STATES ORDER IN TO DIVERT US FROM OUR TRUE ENEMY --THE AXIS; TO PARALYZE OUR WILL TO FIGHT,"

THE PAMPHLET EXPLAINS THAT THE NAZI PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUES DIRECTED

AGAINST THIS COUNTRY ARE COMPARABLE WITH THOSE USED BY HITLER AGAINST

THE EUROPEAM NAT 4+4 ?'w!!T MF NAs rONWInRFn,

*DIVIDE AND CONQUER" RECORDS HITLER'S ATTEMPTS TO SEPARATE THE FRENCH

AND BRITISH EARLY IN THE WAR, HIS CREATION OF INTERNAL DISORDERS IN

BELGIUM BEFORE THE INVASION OF THAT COUNTRY, AND OTHER HISTORICAL

DETAILS OF THE NAZI *STRATEGY OF TERROR."

ACCORDING TO THE PAMPHLET, SHORT WAVE BROADCASTS FROM ENEMY AND CON-

TROLLED COUNTRIES, RUMORS, ENEMY AGENTS AND INNOCENT DUPES ARE USED BY

THE NAZIS IN THEIR PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES.

"HITLER IS TRYING TO SET CAPITAL AGAINST LABOR, WHITE AGAINST NEGRO,

CATHOLIC AGAINST PROTESTANT, CHRISTIAN AGAINST JEW," THE PAMPHLET WARNS.

"HE KNOWS THAT PREJUDICE, IN ANY FORM, PLAYS HIS GAME." (MORE) I238ACR TXN48 ADD UMSTEAD WASHN (FOR SUNDAY) XXX GAME*"

THE FOLLOWING FIFTEEN GERMAN PROPAGANDA OBJECTIVES IN THE UNITED

STATES WERE LISTED BY THE PAMPHLET:

1, DEMOCRACY IS DYING*

"2* OUR ARMED FORCES ARE WEAK.

"3, THE NEW ORDER" IS INEVITABLE*

"4* WE ARE LOST IN THE PACIFIC.

"5* OUR WEST COAST IN SUCH GRAVE DANGER THERE IS NO POINT IN FIGHTING

ON

"6, THE BRITISH ARE DECADENT, AND "SOLD US A BILL OF GOODS,

"70 THE COST OF THE WAR WILL BANKRUPT THE NATION.

8# CIVILIAN SACRIFICES WILL BE MORE THAN WE CAN BEAR*

"9, STALIN IS GETTING TOO STRONG, AND BOLSHEVISM WILL SWEEP OVER

,40********iiiimillogri EUR OPE,,

"0* OUR LEADERS ARE INCOMPETENT, OUR GOVERNMENT INCAPABLE OF WAGING

WAR*

"AA, AID TO OUR ALLIES MUST STOP,

"12e OUR REAL PERIL IS THE JAPANESE, AND WE MUST JOIN GERMANY TO STAMP

OUT THE "YELLOW PERIL,

"i3, WE MUST BRING ALL OUR TROOPS AND WEAPONS BACK TO THE UNITED

STATES, AND DEFEND ONLY OUR OWN SHORESO

"I4, THE CHINESE AND THE BRITISH WILL MAKE A SEPARATE PEACE WITH

JAPAN AND GERMANY.

"15, AMERICAN DEMOCRACY WILL BE LOST DURING THE WAR."

"HITLER KNOWS THAT IN ORDER TO CONQUER THE WORLD HE MUST FIRST

ENSLAVE THE MIND OF MAN, AND TOWARD THAT END HE IS CARRYING OUT A PRO''

GRAM OF PROPAGANDA, BLACKMAIL AND DEATH, BECAUSE HE FEARS TRUTH,

HE HAS TRIED EVERY MEANS OF WIPING IT OFF THE FACE OF THE EARTH," OFF'S

PAMPHLET DECLARES* (MORE) 1243ACR TXW49 ADD UMSTEAD WASHN (FOR SUNDAY X X X DECLARES. "MENTAL CONFUSION, INDECISIVENESS, PANIC,r HITLER ONCE SAID, 'THESE

ARE OUR WEAPONS*' THE UNITED STATES IS NOW SUBJECT TO A TOTAL BARRAGE

OF THE NAZI STRATEGY OF TERRORS HITLER THINKS AMERICANS ARE SUCKERS*

BY THE VERY VASTNESS OF HIS PROGRAM OF LIES, HE HOPES TO FRIGHTEN US

INTO BELIEVING THAT THE NAZIS ARE INVINCIBLE *"

*DIVIDE AND CONQUER" POINTS OUT THAT THE FACT GERMAN CONSULATES HAVE

BEEN CLOSED DOES NOT SILENCE THE NAZI PROPAGANDISTS IN THIS COUNTRY*

FOR SEVERAL YEARS BEFORE PEARL HARBOR, THE PAMPHLET CONTINUES, HITLER

PROPAGANDA IN THIS COUNTRY ATTEMPTED TO "PARALYZE OUR THINKING --PTO

GIVE THE IMPRESSION THAT THE WAR WAS NONE OF OUR BUSINESS** *"

"WAR HAS ONLY INTENSIFIED THE BARRAGE OF PROPAGANDA.* DAY AFTER DAY,

THE AXIS SHORT WAVES POUR FALSEHOODS INTO THE UNITED STATES. HITLER

COMMUNICATES WITH HIS AGENTS HERE BY THESE SHORTWAVE BROADCASTS,

LISTENING TO THE PROGRAMS, THEY LEARN THE CURRENT PROPAGANDA LINE AND

IMMEDIATELY ACT UPON IT SPR .A ;iNG J'ó " T FT ` #ILL LFAVF THE IMPRESSION

ON AMERICAN MINDS THAT HITLER WISHES TO LEAVE*

"SINCE THE WAR BEGAN, GERMAN SHORT WAVES HAVE SHOUTED OF BARRICADES

IN THE STREETS OF WASHINGTON, OF PANIC ON THE STOCK MARKET, OF EXAGGER-

ATED LOSSES AT PEARL HARBOR AND THROUGHOUT THE PACIFIC* GERMAN SHORT

WAVE STORIES OF LOSSES AT PEARL HARBOR FOR EXAMPLE, GAVE THE SIGNAL

FOR THE HITLER AGENTS TO SPREAD RUMORS THAT WE HAD LOST OUR FLEET,

AND THAT OUR NAVAL OFFICIALS WERE TRAITORS*

".,,.TO SPREAD THESE AND OTHER LIES, HITLER WILL PULL EVERY TRICK

IN HIS BLACK BAG, BUT AMERICANS WILL NOT BE FOOLED, WE KNOW THAT

HITLER, WHO ACTS LIKE. .A TERROR, IS REALLY THE MOST FRIGHTENED MAN ON

EARTH,"

I249ACR,,a country, and other historical details of the Nazi "strategy of terror. HOW HITLER PLAYS According to the pamphlet, short- wave broadcasts from enemy and controlled countries, rumors, enemy agents and innocent dupes are used by the Nazis in their propaganda US FOR 'SUCKERS' activities. Conquer by Controversy "Hitler is trying to set capital Propaganda to Stir Contro- against labor, white against Negro, Catholic against Protestant, Chris- versy Here Exposed by U. S. tian against Jew," the pamphlet warns. "He knows that prejudice, in any form, plays his WASHINGTON, March 28 -(INS) game." The following 15 German propa- -An expose of German propaganda ganda objectives in the United activities and objectives in the States were listed by the pamphlet: United States, which are subjecting "1- Democracy is dying. "2 -Our armed forces this country to a "barrage of the are weak. "3-The 'new order' is. inevitable. Nazi strategy of terror," was placed "4-We are' lost in the Pacific. before the American public tonight "5 -Our west coast in such grave by the Office of Facts and Figures. danger there is no point in fighting In a on. documented pamphlet en- "6 titled "Divide -The British are decadent, and and Conquer," the 'sold us a bill of OFF disclosed Nazi propaganda goods.' methods "7 -The cost of the war will "to separate us from our bankrupt the nation. allies by arousing distrust of them; to create "8- Civilian sacrifices will be friction within the United more than we can bear. 'States in order to divert us from "9- Stalin is our true enemy getting too strong, -the Axis; to para- and Bolshevism will sweep over lyze our will to fight." Europe. The pamphlet explains that the "10 Nazi -Our leaders are incompetent, propaganda techniques direct -_ ur_g vernrnent incapable, of wag- ed against this country are com- ing war. parable with those used by Hitler "11-Aid to our allies must stop. against the European nations that "12 -Our he real peril is the Jap- has conquered. anese, and we must join Germany "Divide and Conquer" records to stamp out the 'yellow peril.' Hitler's attempts to separate the "13 -We must bring all our troops French and British early in the war, and weapons back to the United his . creation of internal disorders in States, and defend only our own Belgium before the invasion of that shores. "14 -The Chinese and the British will make a separate peace with Japan and Germany. "15- American democracy will be lost during the war." "Hitler knows that in order to conquer the world he' must first enslave the mind of man, and toward that end he is carrying out a program of propaganda, black- mail and death. Because he fears truth, he has tried every means of wiping it off the face of the earth," OFF's pamphlet declares. "'Mental confusion, indecisive - ness, panic,' Hitler once said, 'these are our weapons.' Thinks Americans `!Suckers" "The United States is now subject to a total barrage of the Nazi strat- egy of terror. Hitler thinks Ameri- cans are suckers. By the very vast- ness of his program of lies, he hopes to frighten us into believing that the Nazis are invincible." "Divide and conquer" points out that the fact German consulates have been closed does not silence the Nazi propagandists in this country. For several years before Pearl Harbor, the pamphlet con- tinues, Hitler propaganda in this country attempted to "paralyze our thinking-to give - the impression that the war was none of our busi- ness." "War has only intensified the barrage of propaganda. Day after day, the Axis short waves pour falsehoods into the United States. Hitler communicates with his agents here by these shortwave broadcasts. Listening to the programs, they learn the current propaganda line and immediately act upon it spread- ing rumors that will leave the im- ,pression on American minds that Hitler wishes to leave. "Since the war began, German short waves have shouted of barri- cades in the streets of Washington, of panic on the stock market, of exaggerated losses at Pearl Harbor end throughout the Pacific. Ger- nan short wave stories of losses at pearl Harbor for example, gave the >ignal for the Hitler agents to spread rumors that we had lost our fleet, and that our naval officials were traitors. . To spread these and other ies, Hitler will pull every trick in lis black bag. But Americans will of be fooled. We know that Hit - r, who acts like a terror,ois really me most frightened man on earth." NAZI PROPAGANDA

TACTICS REVEALED

Strategy of Terror Being Used in U. S. in Effort to Create Friction

Washington, March 28.- (INS): An expose of German propaganda activities and objectives in the United States, which are subject- ing this country to a "barrage of the Nazi strategy of terrror," was placed before the American public tonight by the office of facts and figures. In a documented pamphlet en- titled "Divide and Conquer," the official disclosed Nazi propaganda methods "to separate us from our allies by arousing distrust of them; to create friction within the United States in order to divert us from our true enemy -the axis to para- lyze our will to fight." The pamphlet explains that the Nazi propaganda 'techniques direct- ed against this country are com- parable with those used by Hitler against the European nations that he has conquered. "Divide and Conquer" records Titler's attempts to separate the ench and British early in the war, his creation of internal disorders in Belgium before the invasion of that country, and other historical details of the Nazi "strategy of terror ". Innocent Dupes Used According to the pamphlet, short wave broadcasts from enemy and controlled countries, rumors, enemy agents and innocent dupes are used by the Nazis in their propaganda activities. "Hitler is trying to set capital against labor, white against negro, Catholic . against Protestant, Chris- tian against Jew," the pamphlet warns. "He knows that prejudice, in any form, plays his game." The following fifteen German propaganda objectives in the Unit- ed" States were listed by the pamph- let: "1. Democracy is dying. "2. Our armed forces are weak. "3. The 'new order' is inevitable. "4. We are lost in the Pacific. "5. Our west coast in such grave.1 danger there is no point in fight- ing on. "O. 'The British are deèadent, and 'Sold us a bill of goods.' "7. The cost of the war will bank- rupt the nation. "8. Civilian sacrifices will be more than we can bear. Reds Too Strong "9. Stalin is getting too strong, and bolshevism will sweep over Eu- rope. ,x"10. Our leaders are incompetent, our government incapable of wag- ing war. "11. Aid to our allies must stop. "12. Our real peril is the Japa- nese, and we must join Germany to stamp out the 'yellow peril.' "13. We must bring all our troops and weapons back to the United States, and defend only our own shores. "14. The Chinese and the British will make. a se a "15. American democracy will be lost during the war." "Hitler knows that in order to conquer the world he must first en- slave the mind of man, and toward that end he is carrying out a pro- gram of propaganda, blackmail and death. Because he fears truth, he has tried every means of wiping it off the face of the earth," OFF's pamphlet declares. Propagandists Not Silenced "'Mental confusion, indecisive- ness, panic,' Hitler once said, 'these are our weapons.' The United States is now subject to a total bar- rage of the Nazi strategy of terror. Hitler thinks Americans are suck- ers. By the very vastness of his rupt the nation. "8. Civilian sacrifices will be more than we can bear. Reds Too Strong "9. Stalin is getting too strong, and bolshevism will sweep over Eu- rope. "10. Our leaders are incompetent, our government incapable of wag- ing war. "11. Aid to our allies must stop. '12. Our real peril is the Japa- nese, and we must join Germany to stamp out the `yellow peril.' "13. We must bring all our troops and weapons back to the United States, and defend only our own shores. "14. The Chinese and the British will make a separate, pace with "15. American democracy will be lost during the war." "Hitler knows that in order to conquer the world he must first en- slave the mind of man, and toward that end he is carrying out a pro- gram of propaganda, blackmail and death. Because he fears truth, he has tried every means of wiping it off the face of the earth," OFF's pamphlet declares. Propagandists Not Silenced "'Mental confusion, indecisive- ness, panic,' Hitler once said, `these are our weapons.' The United States is now subject to a total bar- rage of the Nazi strategy of terror. Americans are suck - Hitler thinks his ers. By the very vastness of lies, he hopes to frighten program of are us into believing that the Nazis invincible." "Divide and Conquer" points out that the fart German consulates been closed does not silence have in this the Nazi . propagandists country. For several years before Pearl Harbor, the pamphlet con- tinues, Hitler propaganda in this country attempted to "paralyze our thinking-to give the impression that the war was none of our busi- ness... "War has only intensified the barrage of propaganda. Day after day, the Axis short waves pour falsehoods into the United States. Hitler communicates with his agents hereby these shortwave broadcasts. Listening to the programs, they learn the current propaganda line and immediately act upon it spread- ing rumors that will leave the im- pression on American minds that Hitler wishes to leave. "Since the war began, German short waves have shouted of barri- cades in the streets of Washington, of panic on the stock. market, of ex- aggerated losses at Pearl Harbor and throughout the Pacific. Ger- man short wave stories of losses at Pearl Harbor for example, gave the to signal for ' the Hitler agents spread rumors that we had lost our fleet, and that our naval officials were traitors. . To spread these and other lies, Hitler will pull every trick in his black bag. But Americans will not be fooled. We know that Hitler, who acts like a terror, is really the most frightened man on earth." U.S. Exposes 15

Tricks. of Nazis

To Confú'e Us WASHINGTON, M a r c h 28 (INS) -An expose of German propaganda activities and objec- tives in the U. S., which are sub- jecting this country to a "bar- rage of the Nazi strategy of ter- ror," was placed before the na- tion tonight by the Office of Facts and Figures. In a documented pamphlet en- titled "Divide and Conquer," the OFF disclosed Nazi propaganda methods "to separate us from our allies by arousing distrust of them; to create friction within the United States in order to di- vert us from our true enemy - the Axis; to paralyze our will to fight." The pamphlet that the Nazi propaganda techniques directed against this country are compar- able with those used by Hitler against the European nations he has conquered. "Divide and Conquer" records Hitler's attempts to separate the French and British early in the war, his creation of internal dis- orders in Belgium before the in- vasion of that country, and other historical details of the Nazi "strategy of terror." According to the pamphlet,; shortwave broadcasts f r o m' enemy and controlled countries, rumors, enemy agents and inno- cent dupes are used by the Nazis. "Hitler is trying to set capi- tal against labor, white against Negro, Catholic against Pro. testant, Christian aaginst Jew," the pamphlet w a r n s. "He knows that prejudice, in any form, plays his game" The following 15 German propaganda objectives In the U. S. were listed by the pamphlet: 1. Democracy is dying; 2. Our armed forces are weak; 3. The "New Order" is inevitable; 4. We are lost in the Pacific: 5. Our West Coast is in such grave dan- ger there is no point fighting on; 6. The British are decadent, and "sold us a bill of goods "; 7. Cost of the war will bankrupt the nation; 8. Civilian sacrifices will be more than we can bear; 9. Stalin is getting too strong, and Bolshevism will sweep Europe; 10. Our leaders are in- competent, our Government is in- capable of waging war; 11. Aid to our allies must stop; 12. Our real peril is the Japanese, and we must join Germany to stamp out the "yellow peril "; 13. We must bring all our troops and weapons back to the U. S. and defend only our own shores; 14. The Chinese and the British will make a separate peace with Japan and Germany; 15. American democ- racy will be lost during the war."