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Technical Summaries TECHNICAL SUMMARIES www.electronicimaging.org Conferences and Courses 8–12 February 2015 Location Hilton San Francisco, Union Square San Francisco, California, USA www.electronicimaging.org • TEL: +1 703 642 9090 • [email protected] 1 2015 Symposium Chair Sheila S. Hemami Contents Northeastern Univ. (USA) 9391: Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XXVI ............................... 3 9392: The Engineering Reality of Virtual Reality 2015............................. 25 9393: Three-Dimensional Image Processing, Measurement (3DIPM), and Applications 2015 ...................................................... 33 2015 Symposium 9394: Human Vision and Electronic Imaging XX .................................45 Co-Chair 9395: Color Imaging XX: Displaying, Processing, Hardcopy, and Applications ....... 72 Choon-Woo Kim 9396: Image Quality and System Performance XII................................89 Inha Univ. 9397: Visualization and Data Analysis 2015.......................................111 (Republic of Korea) 9398: Measuring, Modeling, and Reproducing Material Appearance 2015 ...........117 9399: Image Processing: Algorithms and Systems XIII ............................139 9400: Real-Time Image and Video Processing 2015...............................161 9401: Computational Imaging XIII..............................................174 2015 Short Course 9402: Document Recognition and Retrieval XXII .................................184 Chair 9403: Image Sensors and Imaging Systems 2015.................................189 Majid Rabbani 9404: Digital Photography and Mobile Imaging XI ...............................199 Eastman Kodak Co. 9405: Image Processing: Machine Vision Applications VIII . .209 (USA) 9406: Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXXII: Algorithms and Techniques ..225 9407: Video Surveillance and Transportation Imaging Applications 2015 ..........234 9408: Imaging and Multimedia Analytics in a Web and Mobile World 2015 .........258 Join us in celebrating 9409: Media Watermarking, Security, and Forensics 2015 . 265 www.spie.org/IYL 9410: Visual Information Processing and Communication VI .....................277 9411: Mobile Devices and Multimedia: Enabling Technologies, Algorithms, and Applications 2015 .....................................................283 IS&T/SPIE Electronic 8–12 February 2015 Click on the Conference Imaging Hilton San Francisco, Union Square San Francisco, California, USA Title to be sent to that page 2 www.electronicimaging.org • TEL: +1 703 642 9090 • [email protected] Conference 9391: Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XXVI Monday - Wednesday 9–11 February 2015 Part of Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 9391 Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XXVI 9391-1, Session 1 9391-2, Session 1 Enhancement of the effective viewing A full-parallax 3D display with restricted window for holographic display with viewing zone tracking viewer’s eye amplitude-only SLM Naoto Beppu, Tomohiro Yendo, Nagaoka Univ. of Geeyoung Sung, Jungkwuen An, Hong-Seok Lee, Sun Il Technology (Japan) Kim, Song Hoon, Juwon Seo, Hojung Kim, Wontaek Seo, We propose a Three-Dimensional (3D) display that we can see 3D images Chil-Sung Choi, U-in Chung, Samsung Advanced Institute of 360 degrees around the display, and reproduce Full-parallax. It is auto- of Technology (Korea, Republic of) stereoscopic, requiring no special viewing glasses. In real space vision of object is different by position of view point. If the image depending 1. Background, Motivation and Objective: on position of view point is seen on display, viewer can see object In recent years, the necessity of holographic display that can reproduce stereoscopically. Viewer can see only image depending on position of view natural three-dimensional (3D) images with midair interactions has begun to point by using directional ray. In the case of a display that we can see 3D increase. To overcome the limitation of a viewing angle of a digital Fresnel images of 360 degrees around it, the ray is scanned by a spinning screen. It hologram due to the relatively large pixel-pitch of a spatial light modulator turns the ray of a specific from a spinning screen into a viewer. This display (SLM), the viewing window is formed only near the observer’s eye positions project the time division image for screen from the projector. Therefore, it in one of the current holographic display approaches. In this approach, displays the image depending on the point of view, and presents 3D images the size of viewing window is defined by the pixel pitch, wavelength, and to viewers 360 degree around the display. This technique need images that observer distance. However, the effective viewing window is much smaller the number of viewpoints. If you projection of the horizontal and vertical than the theoretical one, because the amplitude-only SLM inherently parallax for 360 degrees around the display at the same time, it need many produces significant optical noise such as twin noise and zero order non- images. However, it lacks feasibility. Because there is a limit to what current diffracting (DC) noise. technique can high-speed projection of the number of images. Therefore, we present way to improve the usability of the display by to focus the ray The objective of this study is to enlarge the size of the effective viewing for the viewing area. window without additional hardware components. We can increase the image that can be displayed for one area, and we 2. Description of Our Concept: realize the horizontal and vertical parallax for 360 degrees around the To enhance the effective viewing window at the Fourier plane, there are display at the same time by the using it. A display consists of a high-speed many kinds of methods including the multiple light sources or the diffusive video projector, a spinning mirror that tracking viewer’s eye, and a spinning surface algorithm. The multiple light source method has shortcoming of polygonal cylinder. A spinning mirror is located at the center of a spinning increasing system complexity. The diffusive surface method is to apply the cylinder, and the image is projected by a high-speed video projector from random phase to the generated hologram in order to generate diffusive underneath toward it. The ray that is projected a high-speed video projector 3D images. Using this method, we can observe 3D images within the is reflected toward a spinning cylinder by oblique spinning mirror. And, entire region of theoretical viewing window, but this is available only this mirror rotates 360 degree to track viewer. Therefore, it can direct the when we use the complex SLM instead of the amplitude-only SLM (used ray toward the viewing area in 360 degrees around a display. A spinning in our experiment). The complex SLM that can modulate both phase cylinder scans the ray from a spinning mirror in horizontal direction by and amplitude does not make a conjugate holographic image, while the rotation. We reproduce the switching of point of view in the horizontal amplitude-only SLM makes the conjugate holographic image in addition to direction, and realize horizontal parallax by the using it. the original 3D image. Thus the image quality of reconstructed original 3D Each mirror of a spinning cylinder is different the axial tilt of the vertical images is degraded by the diffusive conjugate holographic image. direction. Accordingly, the ray that reflected by each surface toward to We propose the effective viewing window enhancement method for a different direction. And, it is scanned for vertical direction by a spinning holographic display with an amplitude-only SLM by using algorithmic cylinder. We reproduce the switching of point of view in the vertical approach. The basic concept is the superposition principle of holography. direction, and realize vertical parallax by the using it. The multiple computer generated hologram (CGH) can be displayed on This display switches the image corresponding to a spinning cylinder SLM, and multiple 3D images are reconstructed at different positions within rotation angle. A spinning cylinder is rotating at high speed. Therefore a viewing window simultaneously. display needs the projector that can high speed project. We realize a high- 3. Experimental Results and Summary: speed video projection by modifying an off-the-shelf projector to use DLP We have implemented the holographic display using an amplitude-only that faster than an existing DLP with FPGA circuitry. SLM, field lens and laser light sources. From this experimental setup, we can We confirmed usability of this method by simulation. observe the holographic 3D image in the frustum formed by the field lens through the viewing window located in the Fourier plane of the hologram. To enhance the effective viewing window, we generate multiple CGHs with 9391-50, Session Key an observer’s eye positions, and then overlap them to make the final CGH. Multiple 3D images can be reconstructed in different positions within the theoretical viewing window from the CGH displayed on SLM. This makes A stereoscope for the PlayStation the enlargement of viewing zone that can observe the holographic images. generation (Keynote Presentation) The multiple holograms can be also made for enhancement of the viewing window along both horizontal and vertical direction (2D enlargement Ian H. Bickerstaff, Sony Computer Entertainment Europe viewing zone). We confirmed that the experimental results and the Ltd. (United Kingdom) simulation based on Rayleigh-Sommerfeld theory match well. After many years of waiting, virtual
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