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Redalyc.PRIMER REGISTRO PARA VENEZUELA Y ASPECTOS SABER. Revista Multidisciplinaria del Consejo de Investigación de la Universidad de Oriente ISSN: 1315-0162 [email protected] Universidad de Oriente Venezuela MONTES, ANDRÉS A.; PRIETO ARCA, ANTULIO PRIMER REGISTRO PARA VENEZUELA Y ASPECTOS MORFOLOGICOS DE LA ASCIDIA SOLITARIA Srye/abarnharti RITTERAND FORSYTH, 1917. (TUNICATA: STOLIDOBRANCHIA) SABER. Revista Multidisciplinaria del Consejo de Investigación de la Universidad de Oriente, vol. 17, núm. 1, enero-junio, 2005, pp. 81-82 Universidad de Oriente Cumaná, Venezuela Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=427739426011 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Saber, Universidad de 0 1iente, Yenezuela.Yol. 17 . N" 1: 81-83 . (2005) PRIMER REGISTRO PARA VENEZUELA Y ASPECTOS MORFOLOGICOS DE LA ASCIDIASOLITARIASrye/abarnhartiRITTERAND FORSYTH, 1917. (TUNICATA: STOLIDOBRANCHIA) MORPHOL-OGICAL ASPECTS OF THE SOLITARY ASCIDIAN Styela barnharti RITTER AND FORSYTH, l917. (TUNICATA: STOLIDOBRANCHIA)- A FI:ru¡T VENEZUELAN ACCOUNT A NDRÉS A. MONTES1 Y A NTULIO PRIETO ARCAS2 1 Laboralorio de Morfología, 'LaboraiOrio de Biología de Poblaciones, Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias. U. D. O. Cumaná, Edo. Sucre, Venezuela, Apdo. 245. Fax (093) 302 132. e-mail: [email protected] RESUM EN En la presente nota st: describen aspectos morfológicos de la ascidia solitaria Styela barnhart Ritter and Forsyth colectada por primera ve7 en el Golfo de Cariaco, estado Sucre Venezuela y se compara con ejemplares de la misma especie y genero infonnada en otras localidades marinas. PALA BR AS CLAVES: Ascidia, Styela barnharti, morfología, V~.:ne z uela . ABSTRACT This paper reports the morphology ofthe first solitary ascidian S1yela barnharli Ritter and Fo rsytiJ coll ected in the Gulf ofCariaco, state ofSucre, Venezuela. A comparision with other spccimens ofthe same species and genera reported for other coastal areas is undertaken. KEY W01ws: Ascidian, Styela barnharti, morphology, Venezuela Las ascidias son animales exclusivamente marinos que el laboratorio. Para la identificación de la especie se se encuentran distribuidos en todos los ambientes considero la morfología del saco branquial y de las oceánicos desde el intermareal, hasta grandes gónadas, siguiendo la clave de Van N ame ( 1945). profundidades tanto en regiones tropicales como templadas y frías. Por lo general tienden a fijarse a una Los ejemplares se encuentran depositados en el gran variedad de sustratos duros y muy pocas especies laboratorio de Morfología Animal, Departamento de se adhieren a la arena (Millar & Goodbody, 1974 ). Biología, U.D.O., número de catálogo 80.a2. 1O e jemplares. La identidad fue confirmada por el Dr. Takasi Tokioka. El género Styela Fleming, 1822 está representada en Laboratorio de Biología Marina. Universidad de Kioto Venezuela por dos especies: Styela partita (Stimpson), Sirahama, Wakayamaken. Japón. 1852 y Styela plicata (Lemeur), 1823; ambas son ascidias solitarias de amplia distribución y abundancia en las costas Los ejemplares se distribuían en grupos y presentaban venezolanas (Rodríguez 1959; Galán, 1976; Sutherland, incrustaciones de hidrozoos en la mayor parte de la 1980; Goodbody, 1984; Montes 1986, 1999 ayb). superficie de túnica; se recolectaron un total de doce ejemplares con tallas que oscilan entre 0,20 a 6,48 cm de En el presente trabajo se describen aspectos largo y O, 15 a 2,50 cm de ancho. El cuerpo es de forma morfológicos de la especie y se comparan con los de otras cilíndrica, alargado y más delgado cerca de la base con un áreas geográficas. péndulo de longitud promedio de 1 cm; el color de la túnica es blanco perlado o rosado en los ejemplares de mayor Los ejemplares se recolectaron mediante equipo de tamaño. Los sifones, poco prominentes, se hallan muy buceo autónomo (SCUBA) en el sub litoral de la localidad próximos. Algunos ejemplares presentan rugosidades en de Turpialito (10° 21 '30«N, 64° 02 ' 32« 0) costa sur del la parte externa de la túnica. El manto es grueso y opaco, Golfo de Cariaco, Estado Sucre, Venezuela a profundidades presenta fibras musculares anchas y d ispuestas de 1 a 3 m, fijos por su base a corales pétreos; luego se transversalmente: el tubérculo dorsal pequeño y en fo rma preservaron en etanol al 70% para su posterior estudio en de C, abre de manera oblicua hacia el lado izquierdo. Los Recibido: noviembre 2004. Aprobado: dic1embre 2004. Versión final: enero 2005 81 MONTES Y PRIETO tentáculos orales son largos y numerosos (entre 20 y 70). cuales acompañan en la mayor parte de su longitud junto La lámina dorsal es angosta y sus lenguetas se extienden con un espermiducto que se une al gonoducto (Fig.3). La detrás del esófago. El saco branquial presenta cuatro especie fue hallada en la Bahía Newport, Califomia (USA), pliegues anchos y altos a cada lado del cuerpo, el espacio a una escasa profundidad, fijas a pilotes y pocas veces entre pliegues es amplio, encontrándose abundantes sobre rocas; en esta localidad es abundante y alcanza un vasos longitudinales internos muy juntos y en número tamaño grande (Van N ame, 1945). variado. En la parte media de las branquias se observan de 4 a 1O hendiduras branquiales entre los pliegues y un promedio de dos sobre cada pliegue hay abundantes vesículas longitudinales internas muy juntas unas de otras con un promedio de 12 vesículas entre los pliegues y 25 sobre cada pliegue. El estómago es largo y amplio, dispuesto longitudinalmente en el lado izquierdo: externamente presenta pliegues y la constricción pilórica es resaltan te. El intestino forma una curva grande en forma de U y se continúa con un recto largo que termina en la cavidad atrial en un ano sin lóbulos. (Fig. l ). J:;IJ 1 GF ~..i.Q\'-U\f"! f) j MT SE AL ·VPI l 1 o +-+-R p f--:-------11 cm Figura 2. Styela barnharti Ritter and Forsyth, 1917. Vista p lateral del lado derecho, mostrando la disposición interna del sistema reproductor. SE: Sifon cxalante, SI: Sifon inhalante. Gl': l 1 ES Gonada Femenina, MT: Masa testicular. P: Pedúnculo. ~'7k~~~~ E I'L Los ejemplares examinados presentan diferencias con los especímcnes de California en la estructura de los f---:------4 folículos testiculares en la forma y longitud del pedúnculo 1 cm . terminal que es corto (Van N ame, 1945). Se podría pensar Figura l. Stye/a barnharti Ritter and Foryth, 1917. Vista lateral que se trata de una variedad y no de una nueva especie. del lado izquierdo mostrando órganos internos: Abreviaturas. En relación a Styela montereyensis (Dall, 1872), las SI: Sifon inhalante, SE: Sifon exalante, AL: Ano lobulado, diferencias más sobresalientes son que Styela barnharti 0: Ovario, R: Recto, 1: Intestino, P: Piloro, ES: Esófago, presenta folículos testiculares ramificados formando E: Estomago, PL: Pliegues estomacales. racimos y el pedúnculo no está tan desarrollado. Los ovarios consisten en hileras alargadas presentes Una revisión de la literatura sobre la distribución y en número variado de 3 a 5 en el lado izq uierdo y de 5 a 9 abundancia de la familia Styelidae en la región del Caribe en el lado derecho, el largo de las hileras es mayor en el (Berrield, 1932; Van Name, 1945; Rodriguez, 1959; Mi ll ar lado derecho pero todas irradian hacia el gonoducto común & Goodbody, 1974; Galán, 1976; Sutherland, 1980; con dirección hacia el sifón atrial. Pueden observarse Monniot, 1983 , Goodbody, 1984) ha revelado que esta hileras ováricas hacia atrás y hacia el resto del intestino especie no ha sido reportada para la región y constituye (Fig.2). Los testículos, constituidos por numerosas un nuevo registro para Venezuela con lo cual se aumenta vesículas ramificadas, forman racimos pegados a la parte el área de distribución a nivel mundial de la especie Styela interna del manto por debajo de las hileras ováricas a las barnharti Ritter & Forsyth, 1917 (Montes & Prieto 200 1). 82 Primer registro para Venezuela y aspectos . ÜALA N, A. 1976. Contribución al estudio de las incrustaciones biológicas en la Laguna de la Restinga. Isla de Margarita, Venezuela. Bol. Inst. Oceanogr. Univ. Oriente. 15( 2): 15 3- 168. Gooosoov, l. 1984. Ascidians from Caribbean shallow water localites. Stud. Fauna. Curacao and other Cari bbcan islands. 6 ~ 203): 62-76. MILLAR, R. & GoooBODY l. 1974. New species of ascidian from the West lndies. Stud. Fauna Curacao 45( 148): 142- 161. MoNNIOT , C. 1983. Ascidias littora les de G uadaloupe IV. Styelidae. Bull. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat. 5(4): 423-456. MoNTES, A. 1986. Ascidias solitari as de las costas del Estado Sucre. Acta Científica Venezolana. 37(sup 1): 109. ____ 1999 a. Aspectos bioecológicos de tunicados bentónicos en la Costa Sur del Golfo de Cariaco. Edo. Sucre. Venezuela. Bol. lnst. Oceanogr. Univ. Ori ente. 38(1): 79. 1999 b. Estudio ecológico en comun1dades de ascidias incrustadas en raíces de Rhizophora mangle de la bahía de Mochima. Edo. Sucre. Bol. lnst. Oceanogr. Fi gura 3. Styela barnharti Ritter and Forsyth, 1917. Detalle del sistema reproductor. Abreviaturas. CTE: Conducto testicular Univ. Oriente. 38( 1) : 162. e ferente, MT: Masa testicular, 0: Óvul os, GM: Gonoducto masculino, GF: Gonoducto femenino. MoNTES, A v PRI ETO A. 200 l . Primer registro para el Caribe de la ascidia solitaria S1yela barnharli ( Urochordata: Stolidobranchia). Rev. Biol. Trop. 49: 128 1 AGRADEOMJENTO RooRI GUEL, G. 1959. The marine community ofMargarita lsland, Los autores expresan su agradecimiento al Dr. Takasi Venezuela. Bull. Mar. Sci. Gulfand Carib. 2( 1): 237- 280. Tokioka del Laboratorio de Biología Marina de la Universidad de Kyoto. Sirahama, Wakayamaken. Japón. Sutherland, J. 1980. Dynamics ofthe epibenthic community on roots of the mangrove Rhizophora mangle at bahi a of REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS Buche, Venezuela.
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