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National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet

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National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet MARITIME HERITAGE OF THE UNITED STATES NHL THEME STUDIES—LARGE VESSELS NFS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. ft-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the requested information. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, styles, materials, and areas of significance, enter only the categories and subcategories listed in the instructions. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-900a). Type all entries. 1. Name of Property_________________________________________________ historic name SS Clipper other names/site number 2. Location street & number Navv Pier. Lake Michigan I I not for publication city, town Chicago I I vicinity state Illinois code 17 County Cook Cnnnt-y code 31 zip code 3. Classification Ownership of Property Category of Property Number of Resources within Property PH private ID building(s) Contributing Noncontributing I I public-local _] district ____ ____ buildings I I public-State site ____ ______ sites I I public-Federal "xl structure 1 ____ structures I object ____ ____ objects ____ _____ Total Name of related multiple property listing: Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register 0_____ 4. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this I I nomination I I request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property EH meets didoes not meet the National Register criteria. EH See continuation sheet. Signature of certifying official Date State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property EH meets EH does not meet the National Register criteria. EH See continuation sheet. Signature of commenting or other official Date State or Federal agency and bureau 5. National Park Service Certification I, hereby, certify that this property is: EH entered in the National Register. EH See continuation sheet. I I determined eligible for the National Register. I I See continuation sheet. I I determined not eligible for the National Register. I I removed from the National Register. EH other, (explain:) ___________ Signature of the Keeper Date of Action 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (enter categories from instructions) Current Functions (enter categories from instructions) Transportation/Water Related______ Museum__________________________________ Recreation___________________ 7. Description Architectural Classification Materials (enter categories from instructions) (enter categories from instructions) foundation N/A _____N/A_____________ walls __ N/A roof _ N/A other N/A Describe present and historic physical appearance. The Great Lakes passenger and package freight steamboat, SS C_Li:£2e_r is preserved and open to the public at Navy Pier on the shoreline of Lake Michigan at Chicago, Illinois. Clipper has been only slightly changed since she was modified to her present Art Moderne appearance. j_l_Li££££ i- s managed by Holiday Cruises for her owner the Illinois Steamship Company. Clipper as Built and Modified Clipper was built by the American Ship Building Company of Cleveland, Ohio, and launched on December 22, 1904, as Juniata for the Anchor Line, a subsidiary of the Pennsylvania Railroad. She was the second of three nearly identical sisterships each designed to be a "really modern combination freight and passenger ship." [1] official number 201768, was 361 feet in lepgth, 45 feet across the beam, and had a depth of hold of 28 feet. She had a riveted steel hull, a wooden superstructure, and was registered with a gross tonnage of 4333 and a net tonnage of 2619. Juniata was designed to carry both passengers and freight. Package freight was carried on the main deck and loaded through large double cargo doors on each side of the hull. Passenger cabins were located on the next three decks up; the berth deck, the salon deck, and the boat deck. Juniata carried 350 passengers and 3500 tons of cargo at a top speed of 18 knots. [2] The propelling machinery was of the most efficient type available in 1904. Four cylindrical scotch boilers supplied steam to the massive quadruple-expansion engine. The engine is still in place and appears to be in good order. It uses a high pressure cylinder 22 inches in diameter, two intermediate cylinders of 31.5 l~%j See continuation sheet 8. Statement of Significance Certifying official has considered the significance of this property in relation to other properties: I I nationally I I statewide I I locally Applicable National Register Criteria I |A I IB I 1C I ID NHL CRITERIA 1 4 Criteria Considerations (Exceptions) I |A I |B I |C I ID I |E I IF I |G Areas of Significance (enter categories from instructions) Period of Significance Significant Dates Architecture (Naval) 1941-1970 1941 Transportation_________________ 1904-1970 Engineering____________________ 1904 Maritime History (1904-1970)_____ Cultural Affiliation NHL XII-L N/A Business: Shipping & Transportation Significant Person Architect/Builder N/A___________________________ Unknown/American Shipbuilding Co., ____ Cleveland, Ohio_______ State significance of property, and justify criteria, criteria considerations, and areas and periods of significance noted above. Built in 1905, and substantially rebuilt in 1940, the steamship (^li.p_p_££ is the oldest United States passenger steamship on the Great Lakes. £l.iP_£e_r. was built as Juni.at^a by the American Shipbuilding Company for the Anchor Line of the Erie and Western Transportation Company, a subsidiary of the Pennsylvania Railroad. In 1940 stringent new rules of the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation caused her to be laid up or face substantial rebuilding. J.H5:i§l.^ was s °ld an<i ner new owners rebuilt her to not only surpass safety rules but standards of accomodation as well. The rebuilt J.unjLatji took on the new name *lilw_auk£e_ Clipper as well as a new appearance. Mi_l^w_auke_£ ^iiZP-8.!. was reconstructed in the "air-flow" streamlining of the Art Moderne style just as were many trains, planes, automobiles, and other manifestations of the "machine age." This reconstruction was complete to the interior design and aluminum furniture, all reflecting the new aesthetic. Many of the design elements introduced in Milwaukee are still being included in modern ocean-going passenger ships. The quadruple-expansion steam engines installed in 1905 though, are excedingly rare, particularly in such fine condition. The preceding statement of significance is based on the more detailed statements which follow. continuation sheet 9. Major Bibliographical References SEE FOOTNOTES IN TEXT, I I See continuation sheet Previous documentation on file (NPS): I I preliminary determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) Primary location of additional data: has been requested State historic preservation office I I previously listed in the National Register Other State agency I I previously determined eligible by the National Register Federal agency O designated a National Historic Landmark Local government I I recorded by Historic American Buildings University Survey # __________________________ I I recorded by Historic American Engineering Specify repository: Record #____ Illinois Steamship Company Records 10. Geographical Data Acreage of property Less than one acre UTM References A |1,6| 1414,916,3.01 I 4,6|3,7|6.2,5| i i Zone Easting Northing Zone Easting Northing Cl . I I I . i i Dl . I I I . J_I I I See continuation sheet Verbal Boundary Description All that area encompassed by the extreme lenght and beam of the vessel. I | See continuation sheet Boundary Justification The boundary encompasses the entire area of the vessel as she floats at her berth, See continuation sheet 11. Form Prepared By name/title Kevin Foster, Historian organization National Park Service (418) date August 10. 1988 street & number P.O. Box 37127 telephone (202) city or town __ Washington state D.C. zip code ?nm^ NP8 fam 1MMM 1<*«mt United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number 7 Page 2— inches all with a stroke of 42 inches to expand the steam four times and develop 2500 indicated horsepower. [3] Over time changes were made to the passenger accomodations so that the lifeboats were moved up another deck and luxury cabins installed in the vacated space. Another change followed the Titani^ disaster when safety regulations became stricter and additional lifeboats were carried. When additional changes were required following the fire on Mar_r_o Castle in 1934, the three sister ships were laid up rather than undergoing expensive modification. £HHi£i^ recieved a reprieve from the shipbreakers when she was bought by new owners and taken to Manitowoc, Wisconsin, where she was converted from a Great Lakes (coastal) passenger steamer to a cross-lake passenger and auto ferry. [4] Jjrnia__ta was extensivly modernized while in the yard of the Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company. The coal bunkers were converted to carry fuel oil, the old scotch boilers were changed for modern watertube types, most of the auxiliary machinery was updated and the wooden superstructure above the main deck was replaced with a new steel construction. This new superstructure is a striking Art Moderne style structure with streamlined planes and "air-flow" design. The curved front of the bridge sweeps back and fairs into the large streamlined false funnel which graces the middle of the upper deck. The real funnel is located quite far aft and leans toward the stern at a rakish angle.
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