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COMPUTE! 110101 to Makmakee the Shape Appear existingexisting option hashas beenbeen slightly singlesingle densitydenSity ifif thethe drive isn'tisn't thethe DOSDOS command inin BASIC.BASIC: changed:changed: Option J,j, DuplicateDuplicate Disk, 1050-compatible.1050-compatible. UsuallyUsually this takestakes 10 toto 20 seconds now formatsformats thethe targettarget disk beforebefore Incidentally,Incidentally, ifif youyou selectselect opop­ or more.more. ButBut withwith DUP.SYSDUP.5YS stored copying.copying. tiontion Jj (Duplicate(Duplicate Disk) withwith DOS inin thethe RAM disk, thethe DOSDOS 2.52.5 menumenu Three new utility filesfiles are inin­ 2.52.5 whenwhen using a 1050 drive, the comes up almost instantlyinstantly when cluded withwith DOSDOS 2.5.2.5. The first,first, disk is automaticallyautomatically formattedformatted in youyou type DOS.DOS. SETUP.COM,SETUP. COM, lets you customize DOS inin various ways withoutwithout the ~--------------L----------------i POKEs that used to be necessary. POKEs that used to be necessary. Memory Location 54017 (130XE Only) ForFor instance, you can significantlysignificantly speed up disk accesses by turning Bit Position Function off the write-with-verify mode. You can also set upup one of three 0° If 1, enable OS ROM, disable RAM from $C000-$FFFFSCOOO-SFFFF (default) AUTORUN.SYS files:files: the usual RS- IfIf 0,0, disable OS ROM, enable RAM from $C000-$FFFFSCOOO-SFFFF X1 IfU 0, enable BASIC ROM at $A000-$BFFFSAOOO-$8FFF (default)*(default)- 232 handler for the 850 Interface 232 handler for the 850 Interface IfIf 1, disable BASIC ROM, enable RAM at $A0O0-$BFFFSAOOO-SBFFF Module; a file which automatically 2-3 IfU 00 (decimal 0), switch firstfirst 16K bank of extra 64K into boots a BASIC program; or a file a $4000-$7FFF$4OOO-S7FFF which boots both the RS-232 han­ han IfU 01 (decimal 4), switch second 16K bank of extra 16K 64K intointo dler and a BASIC program. $4O00-$7FFF$4OOO-S7FFF If 10 (decimal 8), switch third 16K bank of extra 64K into The second utility, DISKFIX-DISKFIX­ $4000-$7FFF$4OOO-S7FFF .COM, can help clean up garbled If 11 (decimal(decima112),12), switch fourth 16K bank of extra 64K into disks by closing open files and veriveri­ $4000-$7FFF$4000-S7FFF 4 IfU 1,1, deny 6502 access to extra bank (default) fying that allocated sectors corre fying that allocated sectors corre­ If a, allow 0, 6502 access to extra bank spond to information in the disk 5 If I, deny ANTIC access to extraeXtra bank (default) directory. It can even recover dede­ If 0, allow 0, ANTIC access to extra bank leted files, as long as new data 6 Not presently used. Default ="'" 1 7 If 1, disable self-test ROM, enable RAM at $5000-$57FF hasn't been saved over the deleted 7 If 1, disable self·test ROM, enable RAM at $SOOO-$S7FF (default after powerup) data. The third utility, COPY- data. The third utility, COPY- If 0, enable self-testself·lest ROM, disable RAM at $5000-$57FF$5000-$S7FF 32.COM, converts DOS 3 files to 2.0/2.5 format. All three utilities •Note:-Note: A similarsimilar charchartt on pagepag~ 122 of th~ the130XE Owner'sOwner's Manual indicatesindicat~ s 2.0/2.5 format. All three utilities thaithat bit I1 shouldshould a/ways b~be set.s ~t always. However,However, bit 1 should not be set unless you guide you with-with screen prompts and want toto disabledisable BASIC.BA SIC. are nearly foolproof. I----------------..----------------l New Disk Commands New Disk Commands enhanced densitydenSity before copying The second DOS file stored in DOS 2.5 also makes a few addition­addition starts. Keep this in mind if you're the RAM disk,disk, MEM.SAV,MEM.SAV, tempotempo­ al disk commands available in duplicating a disk for someone who rarily saves the portion of BASIC BASIC.BASIC: There are now two methmeth­ doesn'tdoesn't have an enhanced-density memory that would be overwritten ods of reading a disk directorydirectory:: drivedrive.. InsteadInstead,, you'll have to format when you enter DOS. That means OPEN #l,6#1,6,0,"D:V":FOR,O,"D:-.·":FOR X=lX""" l TO the destination disk for single den­den yoyouu can enteenterr DOS and return to lE9:GET1E9:GET #1,A:? CHRS(A);:NEXTCHR$(A);:NEXT X sity (option P) and then copy the BASIC without losing your BASIC OPEN #1,7,O/'D:·.·":FOR#1,7,0,"D:V":FOR xX-I= l TO source disk one file at a time. program. lE9:GET1E9:GET #1,A:? CHRS(A);:NEXTCHR$(A);:NEXT X DUP.SYS and MEM.SAV take The first method iiss the same as up 87 sectors total,total, lleavingeaving the before. But the second method Instant DOS RAM disk with 412 free "sec"sec­ identifies files in the directory The 130XE130XE's's extra 64K RAM can be tors"—tors" -51.5K51.5K of hihigh-speedgh-speed which cannot be accessed from used as either either a superfast superfast RAM disk (though temporary) storage. If you DOS 2.0 because they occupy extra with DOS 2.5 or as additional as additional mem­mem don't mind waiting for the DOS sectors on an enhanced-density ory for programming.programming. Of these two menu to load from disk as uusual,sual, disk. These files are flagged by a options, the RAM disk is by far the youyou can delete DUPDUP.SYS.SYS and pair of lless-than/greater-thaness-than/greater-than sym­sym easiest to useuse,, especially for those MEM.5AVMEM.SAV from the RAM disk to bols,bols, such as <FILENAME.BAS>. who arenaren't't too familiar with bank-bank­ create 499 free sectors (62.3K)(62.3K).. Also, there are now three ways switching or bit manipulations. You access the RAM disk by to format a disk from BASIC: The only accessory you need to addressing it as drive 8 (08:)(D8:).. For XIO 253,#I,O,O,"Dl:"253,#l,0,0,"Dl:" set up a RAM disk with the 130XE exampleexample,, LOADLOAD"D8:FILE-" D8:FILE­ XIO 253,#1,34,0,"01253,#I,34,O,"D1:":" is a free DOS 22.5.5 liIefile called RAM­RAM- NAME.EXT"NAME.EXT" or SAVESAVE"D8:FILE-" D8:FILE­ XIO 254,#1,0,0,"01:"254,#I,0,0,"Dl:" DISK.COM. When you boot DOS NAME.EXT" Almost all DOS The first XIO statement for­for 2.5 on a 130XE130XE,, RAMDISK.COM commands work, too: Disk Directo­Directo mats a disk in single densitydensity.. The automatically initialiinitializeszes the RAM ryry,, Delete File, Rename File, Copy second formats in eenhancednhanced densi­densi disk and loads two DOS files: FilFile,e, Lock File, Unlock File, Binary ty (generating an error 139 if at­at DUPDUP.SYS.SYS and MEMMEM.SAV.SAV Load, Binary SaveSave,, and Run At tempted on an 810 drive). 810 ThThee third DUPDUP.SYS.SYS is the DOS utility pack­pack Address. XIO statement attempts to format in age-theage—the part that normally must Duplicate File doesndoesn't't work bebe­ enhanced densitydensity,, then switches teto be loaded loaded from disk when you type cause therethere's's no way to swap disks October 11985Q85 COMPUTEI Q999 with a RAM disk (use the two-drive 54017 ($0301($D301 hexadecimal). This CCopyopy File command instead). AlsoAlso,, bytebyte was previously rreservedeserved for the FonnatFormat Disk and Duplicate Disk port B of the Peripheral InterfacInterfacee commands sometimes cause Adapter (PIA), an inputinput/output/ output strange results and sshouldhould be control chip. On the Atari 400 and Atari avoided. For instance, if you erase 800, it's used for controller jacks 3 Atari avoided. For instance, if you erase 800, it's used for controller jacks 3 DUP.5YSDUP.SYS by deleting it or fonnat­format and 44,, which have beenbeen eliminated ting the RAM disk, then rreplaceeplace it on the XXLL and XE series. On the by duplicating a floppy disk that 1200XL1200XL,, part of this byte controls Animation contains DUPDUP.SYS,.SYS, you might not the keyboard LEOs, LEDs, which were Animation be able to eenternter DOS from BASIC droppdroppeded from the 600XL600XL,, 800XL, afterward. and XE series. On all XLs and XXEs,Es, AsAsideide from these exceptions, location 54017 also lets you switch With the 130XE RAM disk-disk' seems to be off the operating system and BASIC With veveryry transparent; it's workedworked with ROM to reveal tthehe full 64K RAM everyeverythingthing we've tried.tried. Although a underneath.underneath. On the 130XE130XE,, you can RAM disk is no ssubstituteubstitute for a now flip other bits at this location to floppy-itfloppy—it's's at the mermercycy ooff power switch on any 16K bank of th thee extra PjMP/M interruptionsinterruptions and system crashes­crashes— 64K RAM into ththee address space it can makmakee a world of difference from 16384 to 32767 ($4000 to when running disk-intensive appli­appli $7FFF). See the accompanying ta­ta Graphics cationscations,, ssuchuch as assemblers, com­com ble for a guide to this important Graphics pilers, databadatabasese managermanagers,s, mailing address. lilistst programs, and word processors NoticeNotice that bitsbits 4 and 5 co controlntrol witwithh linked files. whether the 6502 and ANTIC chips can aaccessccess the extra banks of mem­ Part 2 Like Memory In The Bank ory. Some special applications mamayy UUsingsing the 130XE130XE's's extra mmemoryemory blind either chip from seeseeinging the banks.banks. Also note that the 130XE foforr programming is a lot mormoree diffi­diffi RRobertobert JJ,. PowPowelle ll cult tthanhan uusingsing it as a RAM disk. For Owner's Manual contains errors on oonene tthing,hing, the 6502 microprocessor page 122 wwhenhen explaining how lo­lo which is tthehe central brain of 8-bit cation 54017 woworks.rks.
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