September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25341 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

AS WORLD CHANGED SO DID Caterpillar, though it recently has posted In 1991, he joined dozens of other aging, CATERPILLAR losses, is one of America's industrial success mostly wealthy executives in donning Chi­ stories. Illinois' largest manufacturer, it has cago Cubs uniforms and pretending for a bested its competitors around the world in a week to be at spring training at one of HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL day when "U.S. manufacturing" seems to be Randy Hundley's fantasy baseball camps in OF ILLINOIS in danger of becoming a contradiction in Arizona. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES terms. In his youth, he was naturally drawn to But as Caterpillar rolls up success after basketball by his height and the traditions Wednesday, September 16, 1992 success, its unionized workers have suffered of rural Indiana. His size, his colleagues note Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, the Chicago defeat after defeat. admiringly, still gives him something of an Tribune recently ran a series of articles that Led by a group of like-minded Midwestern­ advantage in business. ers who have spent their working lives rising detailed the changes Caterpillar, Inc., has When he plays golf, he goes after his ball through the company's ranks, Caterpillar like an outfielder chasing a line drive. He been undergoing this year. At this point, I'd has a reputation for being as determined as has little time for small talk on the course like to insert the second article which presents its machinery. Ranked 45th on the Fortune and does not wait for another member of the the story of Caterpillar's success in competing 500 list of America's largest companies, it is foursome to walk down the fairway with internationally. a truly multinational corporation rooted, him. Not even if the companion is Lee Mor­ [From the Chicago Tribune, Sept. 7, 1992) somewhat ironically, in quintessentially pro­ gan, a former Caterpillar chairman and vincial Peoria. As WORLD CHANGED, SO DID CATERPILLAR something of a company legend. The secret of Caterpillar's success has "He is like an arrow," Morgan said. "He is The yellow machines rumbled over the proven to be its ability to change. In the headed off for wherever he thinks he ought ridge of Illinois dirt in a herd that evoked space of eight years, while global economic to go to get his ball and hit the next shot. He thoughts of things mammoth and extinct. winds swept aside the hidebound and brittle, is in a hurry, in a hurry to get there. Like blue-collar Blue Angels, the drivers Caterpillar altered its production tech­ "I suspect," said Morgan, that "this orga­ guided the machines in unison, every turn of niques, product lines and even its corporate nization knows pretty well what his prior­ their link-belt treads choreographed. They structure. i ties are at this point in time." stopped as one and took car-sized bites from By the end of 1990, only one aspect of the When Don Fites became chairman and CEO the earth. business remained essentially out of date, as of Caterpillar in 1990, the company had just This was the dance of the bulldozers, the far as the company was concerned; its rela­ ridden out a tumultuous decade that killed ballet of the dump trucks. This was Power tions with the United Auto Workers. off much of Cat's American competition. Parade '88, a celebration of iron, diesel and That year the company showed it would no The industry had been hammered by a Caterpillar Inc., a pride of Peoria. longer pay homage to the union's sacred worldwide recession. In 1982 the company The crowd, families packed in an earthen cows; steadily rising wage scales and con­ lost $180 million, its first loss in 50 years. amphitheater, oohed and aahed as the big tracts patterned after those with other U.S. The marketplace had dried up in what machines went through their paces. And equipment makers like Moline-based John seemed like an instant. According to com­ they were a bit sentimental, watching these Deere & Co. The mounting pressure of global pany legend, there was one day in 1982 when machines, big as dinosaurs, push and haul competition also undercut efforts at man­ not a single order came in. dirt. After all, they had built these Caterpil­ agement/labor cooperation, which had flow­ But Morgan's competitive instincts were lar earthmovers. ered in the late '80's. inspired. Although he dared not admit it, In another sense, though, it is hard to tell Although the battle over the labor con­ Morgan was feeling oddly energized by the which were more like dinosaurs-the awe­ tract did not break into the public eye until challenge. He didn't want to appear like he some machines, or the factory workers last November, there had been tussles in pri­ was enjoying itr-after all, 24,000 hourly watching them. vate, in telephone conversations and over workers were being laid off, almost 14,000 in The cold numbers surely tell which is restaurant meals for more than a year. Peoria alone-yet he thought of it as the headed for extinction: Caterpillar's Peoria­ Looking back, people could have seen it most exhilarating experience anyone could area factory payroll has dwindled froin 23,000 coming. They had only to look at where ever have. in 1979 to just 8,600 in 1992. The company is their company had been over the last decade, The company began buying parts from flourishing, but with a fraction of its former and who was steering it into the next. overseas and making a goodly portion of its workforce. At 5:58 a.m. on a recent Wednesday, Don "prime product"-Caterpillar bulldozers and Many in the grandstands were second-gen­ Fites appeared impatient. He is, they say, in the like-in foreign plants. Back in the U.S. eration Caterpillar workers who had inher­ a hurry. six plants were shuttered, 32,000 jobs cut. ited lifestyles from their parents. They had Women lit up the aerobics gym with blaz­ Yet through it all-the layoffs and the cor­ secure, high-paying blue-collar jobs and, ing hues of Spandex and Lycra. Fites wore a porate bloodletting of the mid-'80s-blue-col­ until recently, the expectation that life was black Caterpillar T-shirt with the collar torn lar Peoria remained optimistic. Caterpillar, a steady climb to better things. off. backbone of this city for more than 30 years, But like others who survived the die-oft Staking his claim on his usual spot in the front row, he stood cross-armed in baggy had been strong too long to let them down among America's high-paid factory workers now. in the 1980s, these Caterpillar employees Chicago Bears sweat pants with a small hole "I think Caterpillar will always be here," weren't likely to pass on to their sons and only the people behind him could see. He Mark Weiterkamp told a Tribune reporter as daughters all the things they had inherited made $522,500 in 1991. At 58, he was twice the he sat in a bar in 1982 after being laid off. He from their parents. age of many of the women at the River City thought the layoffs would drive people away For many, the realization didn't hit home Athletic Club. As the music started, his 6-foot-3-inch from Peoria, leaving nobody to fill Caterpil­ until the fall of 1991. That's when they got lar jobs when it came time for recalling caught in a bitter labor dispute between frame, shoulders slightly rounded, seemed to disagree, by about half a beat, with the tim­ workers. "The jobs will be here, but what their employer and the United Auto Work­ ing of the song: about the young people? Will they be here?" ers, the union that represents thousands of "Everybody wants to run, run, run, As it turned out, Weiterkamp had it back­ Caterpillar factory workers in Illinois. "Everybody wants ·some fun." ward. New jobs have not materialized at Cat­ Only then did it become apparent that Fites plowed on for 55 minutes. erpillar, even though there are plenty of they may be living through the end of an era, Exercise is his drug, he says, blasting away young people eager to take them. the end of their power and influence, the end the pressure of being the top man in the top Weiterkamp, a second-generation Caterpillar of their way of life. company in a company town. worker, himself was never rehired. They were not victims of recession or a At the end of the session, Fites walked off Ten years after being laid off, he now company in trouble, but of fundamental the floor alone. He is, they say, in a hurry. works for a Caterpillar supplier that pro­ changes in the way things are manufactured Don Fites, who could pass for Gene Hack­ duces electronic control boxes. "I'm not and sold in an economy gone global. They man's younger, taller brother, is something making what I was at Caterpillar 10 years were the last of the blue-collar middle class. of a jock. ago," he said.

•This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 25342 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 The cutbacks in the early 1980s ravaged Now the alarm bells were ringing in Peo­ with vigor, a lock of hair bouncing on his Peoria's economy, sending unemployment ria. This time it was Komatsu's turn to the forehead. He would walk into a conference soaring to nearly 20 percent and forcing the invader. room, take off his coat and toss it onto the town to recognize how dependent it had be­ At the time, Komatsu had a built-in advan­ floor. He showed none of the Midwestern re­ come on the Caterpillar factories crowding tage that had nothing to do with productiv­ straint and good manners of a Caterpillar the Illinois River. ity or wage scales. The yen was severely un­ man. But Caterpillar was only wounded by the dervalued against the dollar during the early Gary Stroup, recently promoted to a Cat­ recession in the early 1980s. Several of its 1980's, allowing Komatsu to undersell Cat­ erpillar vice president, recalled showing U.S. competitors-International Harvester, erpillar by as much as 40 percent. Guerindon plans to consolidate operations Terex and Allis-Chalmers-got out of the From his office in Peoria, Morgan took it from two plants into one. Guerindon sur­ earth-moving machinery business alto­ upon himself to try to narrow the gap be­ veyed the plan for a short while, then tore it gether. tween the two currencies. Although he start­ off the wall and ripped it to bits. By the recession's end, Caterpillar saw ed out as a "guy just out of the backwoods," "You have another?" Guerindon asked that its greatest threat came from Japan, es­ he became something of a Washington in­ Stroup. pecially a company called Komatsu Ltd. sider, spending as much as 30 percent of his "No," Stroup replied. After seeing what Japan had done to the time trying to persuade the Reagan adminis­ "We will discuss it when you have an­ American auto industry, Caterpillar took no­ tration to do something. other," Guerindon said. tice. At the outset, Morgan had been told he was Caterpillar called the modernization pro­ Americans had first seen a Komatsu bull­ tilting at windmills. But his work, an exam­ gram "Plant With A Future," or PWAF. To dozer in 1943, when U.S. soldiers found one ple of Caterpillar's willingness to take on those who feared automation meant jobs for abandoned on the Aleutian Islands. It was any fight, is considered to be key to the 1985 robots, not people, PWAF came to stand for nearly an exact copy of a 20-year-old Cat­ agreement among the major industrial pow­ "Peoria Without a Factory." erpillar model. ers that helped balance the yen-dollar in­ The project made some workers bristle. After .World War II, Komatsu, a company equities of the early 1980s. They complained that machines broke down, that traces its roots to a 19th Century min­ As the marketplace rebounded from the and that some were nothing more than fancy ing firm, emerged as Japan's leading maker slump of the early '80s, Caterpillar saw that gadgets that made no real improvement. In­ of earthmoving equipment. its lead-as Morgan had predicted-was being dustry analysts, on the other hand, saw it as The war had scattered Caterpillar's ma­ devoured by Komatsu. Drastic change was the key to Caterpillar's survival. chines around the globe like dandelion seeds called for. The project's $1.2 billion cost (at least 10 on the wind, and the company was taking ad­ Caterpillar executives are an insular percent over budget) proved to be a drag on vantage of new international markets. Cat­ bunch, nearly all having spent their careers earnings. PW AF fell years behind schedule. erpillar coveted the fast-rebuilding Japanese inside the company. Wall Street pressured the company to pay market, which had an appetite for 10,000 ma­ When assigned to one of Caterpillar's 15 more attention to its bottom line. chines annually-but it was allowed to ex­ factories or five marketing headquarters But Caterpillar was playing a different port only 50 machines there a year. overseas, they pack their Peoria sensibility game. It was spending for long-term produc­ To skirt the quotas, Caterpillar formed a in their luggage. They seek out each other tivity, short-termers be damned. Hearing joint venture with Mitsubishi Heavy Indus­ and form "Caterpillar villages." Komatsu's foot-steps, Caterpillar had em­ tries in 1963, called Shin Caterpillar "Worldly rubes" is how one Caterpillar ex­ barked on a strategy similar to one that had Mitsubishi. ecutive described himself and his colleagues. Outsiders are rarely brought into the com­ made Japan Inc. strong. With Caterpillar going after Komatsu on pany. When they are, they often don't stay. Before PWAF, it took three weeks to as­ its own turf, alarm bells started ringing in The men who run Caterpillar learned what semble a wheel loader-a machine with a Komatsu's Tokyo headquarters. they know while at the company. The busi­ scoop on its front. Now it takes two to three Moving quickly to improve quality, ness they know is Caterpillar business; the days to put together some models in Cat's Komatsu blunted Caterpillar's initial surge economics they know are Caterpillar eco­ Aurora factory. And the time it takes to into the Japanese market. Then it turned nomics; the labor relations they know are process an average part from start to fin­ the tables. Caterpillar labor relations. ish-called "throughput" in manufacturing It expanded its product line to meet Cat­ Don Fites worked in a railroad switching jargon-was cut from 25 days to 10 days. erpillar's, at times stealing designs from the yard before he came to Caterpillar when he Through just-in-time shipping techniques, U.S. company. In 1964, Komatsu became one was 20. Caterpillar Group President Jerry inventory was cut in half. of the first Japanese companies to win the Flaherty worked in a furniture store. But with every change, the need for work­ coveted Deming Prize for its improvements And yet, these seemingly insular execu- · ers was reduced. Between 1979 and 1992, the in quality. tives were quick to reinvent their company. company's Peoria-area hourly work force "In the process of globalizing our com­ Komatsu and other Japanese companies had been cut by almost two-thirds. from pany, I cannot deny to some extent and on were shaping the marketplace by introduc­ 23,000 to 8,600. some occasions, the company has modeled ing new, versatile machines. Caterpillar re­ On Feb. 18, 1991, Pierre Guerindon, on the its equipment on Caterpillar's," said Satoru sponded, doubling its product line to 300 verge of retirement, stood before a manufac­ Anzaki, one of the top six executives at models. turing association and gave what amounted Komatsu. Realizing it had to cut costs and become to a farewall speech. He shared his vision of By the early 1980s, Komatsu had beefed up more nimble, Caterpillar also began to mod­ the future of manufacturing: "unattended its manufacturing capacity and was able to ernize its plants. assembly." For workers, it was a chilling vi­ surge into worldwide markets. At head­ The man Cl'.lled to lead Caterpillar's fac­ sion indeed. quarters, Komatsu's unofficial motto, trans­ tories out of obsolescence in 1985 was a "We foresee the day when we could posi­ lated, was "Catch up with Caterpillar and Frenchman, Pierre Guerindon. Predictably, tion certain parts * * * in such a way that a surpass it." the new vice president for manufacturing robot could retrieve the items and perform With his company foundering in the world­ and planning was not universally welcomed. the operation without human intervention," wide recession, Caterpillar chairman Morgan Guerindon looked at the flow of parts Guerindon told the group. "That would obvi­ kept a wary eye on Komatsu. He began trav­ through a Caterpillar factory and saw a tan­ ously translate into major cost savings and eling more frequently to Tokyo and quickly gle of spaghetti. In untapgling it, he began potential for quality improvement." became an aficionado of things Japanese. to alienate the manufacturing fraternity at In Guerindon's factory of the future, work­ After returning from one trip, he ordered Caterpillar. Caterpillar had its way of doing ers would no longer provide skill or crafts­ all of Caterpillar's officers to go there. He things, and Guerindon was changing that. manship, but an undesirable element: didn't care when or for what reason. Just go. "[Bringing in Guerindon was] the biggest "human intervention." During his trips, Morgan struck up a mistake the company ever made," said one In the late 1980s, Carol Carter and Chris friendship with Ryoichi Kawai, then presi­ retired manufacturing executive, showing Ford worked side by side, producing engine dent of Komatsu. When in Tokyo, the Cat­ the depth of feeling about, though perhaps parts for Caterpillar bulldozers. But Cat­ erpillar chairman began having meals with exaggerating, the Frenchman's impact. "It erpillar redesigned the engine, and, as part of Kawai. He began visiting the Komatsu head­ nearly broke the company." the modernization program, installed new quarters, adorned at its peak with a bull­ Guerindon's vision was undeniably sweep­ equipment that used fewer people to make dozer. Morgan even began to take tours of ing. His plans gutted factories, eliminating parts for the new model. Komatsu plants, finding them frighteningly hundreds of hand-operated, labor-intensive The machines where Carter and Ford . modern and efficient. machine tools in favor of automatic ones. He worked were eventually unbolted from the Everything Morgan saw led him to one tore down walls. And he spent money. floor and shipped off to a private supplier conclusion: This was a force to be reckoned His European manner further alienated the that had "bought the line." That company with. Peorians. When he spoke, he gesticulated would continue to do Ford and Carter's September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25343 work, though at a decreased level, and sell within the company, felt it was too bureau­ Deep inside the factory that squats low on the parts to Caterpillar. cratic-too "functional," as the MBAs say. the banks of the Illinois River, Jan Firmand Because of automation, there was no work A career Caterpillar executive familiar and Dick Owens turn doughnuts of steel into for Carter and Ford on the new engine line, with the levers of control, Fites wasted no transmission gears. so they were "bumped" under union rules to time. Even before he became chairman on In her cell, Jan Firmand takes a steel gear other jobs in the factory. Eventually, there July 1, 1990, he began sketching out a new blank and mounts it in the chuck of the ma­ was no place they could be bumped to. company structure. Monolithic Caterpillar chine she calls a Match. Behind thick glass, In May 1991, Ford and Carter were laid off. would become 17 smaller sections, including the machine shaves metal off one side of the Ford has since found a part-time job with 13 "business units," which would be run al­ steel doughnut as if it were chocolate. The a coupon-printing company, where she most as autonomous companies. Each would air is filled with the smell of cutting oil. · makes $4.30 an hour. Carter, father of four have a manager, who would be responsible Firmand then places the gear blank into small children, has been limited to odd jobs. for making his unit show a profit. the Cincinnati to drill the bolt holes. She Ford never imagined it would turn out this Fites wanted to change the culture over­ then mounts it in one of the massive Glea­ way when she first walked into a Caterpillar night. sons and cuts gear teeth into the doughnut. factory in the summer of 1974. She figured "Other companies said it would take two Like every other worker on the factory she has a job for life. or three years just to get the accounting floor, Jan Firmand refers to her machines "I never would have believed it when I worked out," Fites said in an interview. not by what they do, but by each manufac­ hired on," Ford said of her layoff. "You just "This was in June, and I said, 'I want it by turer's nameplate screwed onto the front-­ don't feel that you have job security at Cat­ this year'. Match, Cincinnati, Gleason. erpillar anymore." "'So, six months, I want profitloss state­ Guided by computers as they muscle parts During the delicate, expensive business of ments and balance sheets by the end of the around with robotics, these machines are modernizing his company's manufacturing year, and I want the transfer pricing in place very different from simple drills, lathes and operations, George Schaefer, who succeeded and everything understood.' When you chal­ grinders. Morgan as CEO, wanted no trouble with the lenge an organization like that, usually you As the million-dollar tools cut and shape United Auto Workers. get a very good response." the metal parts on the other side of a glass Before Schaefer, strikes had been a Cat­ By the time Fites became CEO, both his shield, Jan Firmand looks in as if peering erpillar fact of life. From 1948 to 1982, nine of company's factories and its organization into the dryer at the laundermat. A com­ the 12 bargaining sessions resulted in chart had been remade. But there was still puter screen, like a hospital's EKG monitor, strikes. In 1982-83, workers walked out for one antiquated element, from his point of tells her what is going on inside. 205 days. It was the longest and perhaps most view. The daughter of a retired Caterpillar work­ bitter strike in the company's history, and "I think the UAW leadership still thinks er, Firmand has known Caterpillar to be a afterward Morgan made overtures the union it's 1950," Fites would later say. "Times have great provider. took as an apology. changed, and they haven't changed with the In 1952, her father saw a Caterpillar help­ That apology began what the union now times." wanted ad in their hometown newspaper in considers a golden age, marked by higher As circumstance would have it, the world­ London, Ky. The family was barely making wages, higher profits and compromise on wide marketplace was again falling apart. it, so he moved them north and took a Cat­ Iraq had invaded Kuwait. Oil prices were on erpillar job. both sides. The company and the union In 1974, two years after he retired, he began an employee-participation program to the rise and another recession was in the making. If a need .for production tied Cat­ called on a friend in personnel to help land bring workers into the decisionmaking loop. his daughter a job. He was elated. She was, In 1986 and again in 1988, the company and erpillar's hands in dealing with the UAW in 1988, it would not tie Don Fites' in 1991. he thought, going to work for a company the union agreed to contract terms without Komatsu's drive into the U.S., meanwhile, that would take care of her for life. a walkout. had not turned into the dire threat that Cat­ But things didn't go as well for Jan Any movement within the company to erpillar once had feared. Firmand's generation. In May 1982 Firmand push the union too far in contract talks was A joint venture created with Dresser In­ was laid off as the company slashed its work snuffed out from above. dustries did not produce the results the com­ force during a worldwide recession. She took In 1988 Clyde Cotton, then a factory man­ pany had hoped. By 1992, Komatsu-Dresser's jobs waiting tables at a bar and then at a ager, was sitting in on one of the regular plants would be operating at 65 percent ca­ restaurant. plant-manager meetings on labor relations. pacity. It was not until 1989, almost seven years Cotton, who retired in February, recalled Komatsu executives in Japan realized it later, that she was called back to Caterpil­ taking a radical position in the meeting: He was time to stop discounting its products in lar. Six months after that, she was herded wanted to forge a new relationship between a costly push for market share, the tactic into a room with other workers and laid off the union and the company. He believed the that had allowed so may Japanese industries again. union had to give ground on how jobs were to get footholds in U.S. markets. It was, in It seemed that Caterpillar, Peoria's pro­ assigned. Profitability wasn't being served essence, a concession that it would never live vider, had turned stingy. "Every time I start by the current arrangement, he argued. up to its motto of catching Caterpillar. making money, they kick the feet out from The higher-ups, however, said they were "Komatsu is not going to do business under me," she said. more interested in a good relationship with worldwide that doesn't make money," said In 1990, Caterpillar called her back once the union. The company was enjoying terrifi­ Komatsu's Saturo Anzaki. "Komatsu has more. And times were good again. She was cally profitable times, what with the nation­ dropped the idea of competing on price." able to support herself and her 21-year-old wide building boom and expanding overseas Caterpillar had accomplished what few son in a little house in Peoria. "It isn't much markets. A record $616 million profit was other manufacturers could claim. It had held of a house," she said. "But I own it." posted in 1988. A total of $1.6 billion in profit off the Japanese. In the late summer of 1991, her union and was amassed from 1985 through 1989. Demand According to Manfredi & Associates, a firm her company were squabbling bitterly. The was up, inventories were low, and senior ex­ that analyzes the earth-moving equipment UAW contract at Caterpillar was to expire at ecutives feared labor strife might threaten industry, Caterpillar lost some of its market the end of September, but the two sides were production. share during the 1980s, but has since re­ making no headway. Cotton, who had pulled himself up from a bounded and made up much of the loss. Both sides were pushing their version of poor childhood, thought he knew his workers In 1979, Caterpillar had 36 percent of the the facts-about health care, about sending best. He believed that many were feeling world market, measured in dollars. By 1986, Caterpillar work to non-union shops, about alienated from their union and would be will­ its share had dipped to 28 percent. But by cost-of-living raises. But it was all so con­ ing to give the company more. 1991, Caterpillar had rebounded to 32 percent tradictory that it had become baffling. He almost pressed his case too far. Shortly of the $31 billion industry. Relying on her fundamental belief that the after the meeting, he said his boss told him Caterpillar does not reveal its market UAW had her best interests in mind, she that if the subject ever came up again, Cot­ share, but claims it has erased all of the mid­ tended to believe the union over the com­ ton would be fired. '80s losses. pany. Through cycles of layoffs and By the time that 1988 contract expired in "Our market share is expanding on a rehirings, the union seemed to be trying to September 1991, Cotton would be only a few worldwide basis," said Fites. "We are one of protect her. months away from retirement. By then a the few companies that have taken the Japa­ Nearby, Dick Owens was also making gears new man would be in power at Caterpillar, a nese head on and not only held our own, but in the fall of 1991, and also keeping an eye on man willing to take a hard line, as Cotton have actually gained a little on a worldwide, the gathering storm. had advocated. market-share basis.'' Owens rarely smiled and spoke only when Don Fites, the man in a hurry, did not Yet Fites believed that to stay on top, he needed to. Firmand respected him, even want to lead the same kind of corporation more changes would be necessary. And those liked him. He was the person she went to those before him had led. He, and others were changes that would soon rock Peoria. when she had problems with her machines. 25344 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 Owens had different thoughts, though, " Wayne, you are going down the wrong On Oct. 22, a week after Deere workers about negotiations between the company and pa th, again," Casstevens recalled telling ratified a contract. the union offered its first the union. Like Firmand, he had worked low­ Zimmerman. "How in the heck can you for­ major three-year proposal, patterned, of paying jobs when laid off from Caterpillar in get a 205-day strike [in 1982]? I am pleading course, on the Deere contract. the 1980s-stocking groceries, typing. He with you not to go down that road. It will It called for a 3 percent across-the-board knew how good his job was. make matters 10 times worse." pay increase the first year and 3 percent Watching a union spokesman on television, But Caterpillar just increased its PR cam­ raises in lump-sum payments the next two Owens didn't like what he saw. He remem­ paign, and by the time formal talks ap­ years. It called for Caterpillar to remain bers thinking: "We didn't send them there to proached, the union and the company neutral when the UAW sought to organize at be cowboys." couldn't even agree on where to meet. its non-union plants. There was no formal handshake when Cat­ The union wanted the talks held in St. And it called for Caterpillar to go much erpillar and the United Auto Workers offi­ Louis, not Peoria. They did not want Cat­ further with its job security proposal, by cially opened talks last Sept. 28 in Moline. erpillar's bargainers to feel they were in agreeing to keep a certain number of jobs at Past bargaining sessions had always charge. its plants. There would, moreover, be no sep­ opened with an exchange of pleasantries. The The company said it wanted talks held in arate terms for parts warehousemen or talks often became bitter, loud and profane, Peoria, citing the cost savings and conven­ workers at the York plant. but there was always that initial showing of ience. But Caterpillar had a strategic reason In a not-so-subtle message that the union good intent. for wanting the talks close by. was, in fact, holding out for a deal like the This time, they didn't bother. After all, Flaherty believed that Peoria talks would Deere contract, portions of the proposal were this was hardly the beginning of bargaining. receive closer scrutiny by the membership. typed on Deere stationery. The two sides had been talking for almost a Again, the company was trying to make its "Here's the whole elephant," the UAW's year, using faxes, telephone calls and private case directly to the workers, believing it Anderson told Caterpillar negotiators, ac­ meetings in restaurants to posture and stake could win their hearts and minds. cording to Flaherty. "You have to eat the out positions. In August 1991, still more than a month be­ whole elephant." By the fall of 1991 both sides knew that fore talks were to begin, Caterpillar mailed a A week later, Casstevens, the only union they were far, far apart. three-year contract offer to the UAW. official who had genuine authority to bar­ The union had been pleasantly surprised, The offer would have guaranteed every cur­ gain, sat down with Caterpillar negotiators but perhaps also put on guard, when Don rent Caterpillar factory worker a job for six for the first time. Within minutes, he deliv­ Fites asked to come to Detroit to meet the years. It offered 3- and 4-percent raises to ered an ultimatum: Caterpillar would accept UAW leadership shortly after he became Cat­ high-skilled workers, but no raises for the the deal within five days, or the union would erpillar chairman in the summer of 1990. lesser-skilled 22 percent of the workforce. It go on strike. Fites lunched with Bill Casstevens, sec­ also offered each UAW member of $500 bonus " No, this is not an elephant," Casstevens retary-treasurer of the UAW and the man for ratifying the contract. told the bargainers, according to Flaherty. with the final word on negotiations. Fites re­ Caterpillar wanted a separate agreement " What we really have here is just a little members it as a friendly lunch where no is­ for its workers in parts warehouses, includ­ deer. And you guys are going to take all of sues of import were discussed. ing a wage of $7 an hour for new hires. It also that deer. You are not going to strip one Casstevens remembers the meeting dif­ wanted a separate contract for its York man­ thing away from that deer." ferently. He recalls returning to Solidarity ufacturing facility, which the company As abrupt as the ultimatum was, it took claimed was not productive. nobody by surprise. House, UAW headquarters, and telling his But the UAW didn't want to know what On Thursday, four days before the union's longtime assistant Andy Anderson that trou­ Caterpillar wanted. It mailed the offer back, deadline, the company made a second offer. ble lay ahead because Fites was down on pat­ unopened. It reintroduced cost-of-living raises and ex­ tern bargaining. The company responded by mailing a sum­ empted retirees from health-care premiums, Pattern bargaining is a long-standing mary of its proposal to the rank and file. a sore spot in the first proposal. union practice intended to prevent compa­ Again, the union was furious. According to the union, the company de­ nies from driving down wages to beat the So there was no handshake in Moline last manded that both sides study the proposal as competition on price. In pattern bargaining, September at the beginning of talks. a whole, rather than break into separate sub­ the union agrees on a contract with one com­ Both sides saw a strike looming. committees, as had been customary in pre­ pany. then demands other companies sign a Casstevens even put out the word that mem­ vious negotiations. similar deal. bers should start saving money and paying "They said, 'If you don't like it, you can Caterpillar argued that the practice had bills. leave,'" said Jerry Baker, Local 974 bargain­ grown obsolete because it only leveled the Some workers began working more over­ ing committee chairman. playing field among competitors in a closed, time. In effect, they were helping the com­ The union rejected the company's offer domestic market. Caterpillar claimed that pany build inventory in anticipation of a within five minutes. its competition was not from U.S. companies strike. On Sunday, Nov. 3, with the deadline just like John Deere & Co. or JI Case, but from At Caterpillar's transmission plant, plant hours away. the company asked the union to foreign companies, especially Japan's manager Gary Stroup began planning for a submit to federal mediation. The union re­ Komatsu. walkout. He researched which parts could be fused. Caterpillar President Jerry Flaherty had a made at non-UAW Caterpillar plants. And he That .night, Casstevens called Flaherty, particular take on the upcoming negotia­ began assembling a surrogate factory work company labor specialist Jerry Brust and tions. He had been manager of Caterpillar's force of retirees and salaried employees. Cat­ Zimmerman into a meeting room. He asked York, Pa., plant during the painful strike in erpillar was preparing to do what it had them one more time if they would sign a pat­ 1982. He came to believe then that the rank never done before: keep the factories running tern agreement. and file, if given a chance, would often go the during a walkout. They said no. company's way long before the union leader­ Eventually, Stroup, the son of a UAW re­ "I'm authorizing a partial strike in Build­ ship would. The problem was, how can a tiree, would assemble a contingency work ing SS and Decatur,'' Casstevens told them, company give its workers the chance to let force of more than 700 to make up for his 816 according to Zimmerman. And then he their opinions be known? striking or locked-out hourly workers. walked out to tell the media the same thing. With Flaherty's backing, Caterpillar began Casstevens was also developing a strike Jimmie Toothman, an assembler and sec­ appealing directly to the rank and file in a plan. He remembered that in 1982 the long ond-generation Caterpillar worker, had re­ series of full-page newspaper advertisements strike so hurt the Peoria economy that the ceived the mailings from the company. He and letters sent to workers' homes. town turned against the union. The strikers read the first several letters, compared them Union leadership was furious, accusing the also suffered, and their bitterness took a to what the union had to say, and then just company of violating the spirit, if not the long time to heal. gave up. Who could tell what the truth was letter, of laws that limit communications To avoid a rerun, Casstevens began to con­ when the stories were so different? with employees on topics related to bargain­ sider a limited strike, one that would target Finally, Toothman decided to trust his gut ing. just one or two of Caterpillar's factories. But and stick with what had served him so well When the company's first newspaper ad ran he didn't reveal his strategy to union offi­ for so long. He trusted his union. in February 1991, Casstevens promptly retali­ cials in Peoria, fearing it would quickly get Toothman figured the company and the ated by canceling high-level health care back to Caterpillar. UAW would eventually get down to it and meetings between the company and the For another month the talks stumbled work out a contract without a strike. Trac­ union. along. The company was frustrated because tors had been sold, there was work to be Seeing that the two sides were careening Casstevens, the union's primary bargainer, done. A shutdown, he figured, served nobody. further apart, he called Wayne Zimmerman, did not attend. He was busy wrapping up What Toothman could not have known was who heads the company's labor relations. talks with John Deere. that the company did not plan to shut down, September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25345 no matter what the union chose to do. A come a major competitor with the U.S. in CONCLUSION strike, if it came to that, would be different these markets. U.S. farmers are among the most produc­ this time. Trade in high-value products will continue tive in the world. Trade liberalization will to drive U.S. exports in developed and devel­ only enhance their strong position in global oping countries. Bulk product sales continue market. Agricultural exports are important AGRICULTURAL TRADE to account for most U.S. agricultural exports not just to the agricultural community, but to developing countries, but increased high­ also to the American economy. Thus, every HON. LEE H. HAMILTON value product exports are also enhancing the step must be taken to ensure continued importance of these markets. The trend to­ American leadership. OF INDIANA ward high-value products should help Indi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ana farmers and the Indiana economy be­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 cause there are growing markets for prod­ HONORING THE 77TH INFANTRY ucts derived from corn and soybeans. Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to DIVISION AND ARMY RESERVE insert my Washington Report for Wednesday, TRADE POLICY COMMAND August 19, 1992 into the CONGRESSIONAL There are several steps the U.S. govern­ RECORD: ment can take to continue to boost exports. HON. JAMFS H. SCHEUER First, trade liberalization will help U.S. AGRICULTURAL TRADE farmers. Most countries protect their agri­ OF NEW YORK U.S. agricultural trade is important to culture sector with subsidies, quotas and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES farmers, farm-related industries and the other trade barriers. The EC has its Common Wednesday, September 16, 1992 overall economy. The U.S. currently exports Agricultural Policy (CAP); Japan protects one-third of its harvested acreage, generat­ its rice growers; and the U.S. limits sugar, Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, it is my privi­ ing jobs, income and economic development dairy and peanut imports. While reducing lege to announce the 75th anniversary of the across the country. The U.S. Department of trade barriers would hurt some farmers, it 77th Infantry Division of the U.S. Army and the Agriculture (USDA) estimates that agricul­ would, on balance, help U.S. agriculture. 25th anniversary of the 77th Army Reserve tural exports support about one million U.S. USDA estimates that a GATT agreement Command. For three-quarters of a century, the jobs. would increase gross farm sales by $5-7 bil­ 77th has served with distinction as a combat, USDA forecasts agricultural exports in fis­ lion and cash farm income by $1-2 billion; a support, and command unit, making a signifi­ cal 1992 to be the second highest ever, only North American Free Trade Agreement cant contribution to the defense of our country. $2.8 billion below the fiscal 1981 record of would entail smaller gains. $43.8 billion. Our trade balance in agriculture Second, reforms in domestic farm pro­ The 77th Infantry Division was organized in is expected to be in surplus by $18 billion this grams can help make U.S. farm exports more August 1917 in Yaphank, NY, responding to year. The strength of U.S. exports has con­ competitive in global markets. The 1985 farm the call of World War I. It was self-dubbed the tributed to the recovery in the farm sector. act marked a significant change in U.S. farm "Metropolitan Division," because most of the Exports of Indiana agricultural products policy, aiming to make U.S. agriculture personnel came almost entirely from New totaled Sl.6 billion in 1990, or 32% of its total more responsive to market signals and less York City. Truly a citizen's army, the 23,000 farm sales. Crop farmers are even more dependent on government management. The original soldiers included men from all walks of closely tied to overseas markets, as their ex­ 1990 act continued this trend by giving farm­ ports equal 50% of total farm crop sales. In­ life from all five boroughs. Six months after ac­ ers more flexibility in choosing which crop tivation, the New York unit found itself fighting diana ranks eighth among U.S. states in the to plant. Lower loan rates for corn and other value of its exports. commodities have helped promote U.S. ex­ in the trenches of Europe. Serving in four CHANGING TRADE PATTERNS ports in recent years. The federal govern­ campaigns, the 77th attained its greatest fame U.S. farm exports have been marked by a ment also promotes agricultural exports, for its role in the Meuse-Argonne offensive. change in key U.S. markets and the type of through the export enhancement, market The 77th saw further action in World War II goods traded. In 1983 Japan replaced the Eu­ promotion, export credit guarantee, and for­ when it served in the Pacific theater. It com­ ropean Community (EC) as the largest single eign food aid programs. plemented Marine Corps units in the liberation customer for U.S. agricultural exports. In Third, economic growth in developing of Guam, fought hand-to-hand on the front 1992 Japan will account for $8.1 billion (20%); countries has the potential to add signifi­ lines of Okinawa, and liberated le Shima. After the EC for $7 billion (17%); Latin America for cantly to U.S. exports. Developed countries already consume as much food per capi ta as the Japanese surrender in August 1945, the $6.1 billion (15%); Canada for $4.7 billion 77th was assigned to the occupation of (11 % ); and China and the former Soviet they want. In contrast, many developing Union for $3.6 billion (9%). U.S. agricultural countries have growing populations to feed. Hakodate, Hokkaido. During its five operations exports to developed countries exceed $21 bil­ Growth in Asian and Latin American coun­ in three campaigns, the 77th spent 200 days lion, while those to developing countries tries has led to increased food imports. For in actual combat and lost more than 2,000 sol­ equal to $16 billion. example, South Korean agricultural imports diers. They never fought a losing campaign. High-value products now account for more have jumped from $500 million to $5 billion During the postwar period from 1947 to than 50% of the overall value of U.S. exports. in the last twenty years, Mexico's from $200 1965, the 77th became one of the six combat High-value products are defined as those million to S3 billion. Market reforms, trade divisions of the Army Reserve. The unit as­ liberalization, debt relief and credit arrange­ products that have received additional proc­ sumed its present role as an Army Reserve essing beyond the farm gate or represent a ments could further boost growth and food higher priced segment of a group of products. imports. Command [ARCOM] in 1967 as a part of the Examples of these products would be fruits Fourth, improvements in our agricultural reorganization of the command structure of and vegetables, corn starch and soybean infrastructure will help our competitive po­ the Army Reserve. A year later, in 1968, six meal, and meat and poultry products. Favor­ sition. The total infrastructure that makes units of the 77th were called to active duty in able exchange rates, relatively strong up our agricultural system includes storage response to the Pueblo Crisis. Five of these growth in many developed countries, market and transportation systems to get product to units were sent to Southeast Asia and served promotion efforts and trade liberalization ef­ market, and research and extension services with distinction in Vietnam. forts have all helped boost exports of these to improve farming methods. Abandonment The 77th ARCOM faced its latest challenge products. of railroads and inadequate maintenance of In contrast, the value of bulk product ex­ rural roads and bridges have increased costs. in August 1990 when the Iraqi Army invaded ports in grains, oilseeds, cotton and the like We are spending relatively less on research Kuwait. Some 3,500 soldiers were mobilized has declined-in large part because of the and extension services. Our programs are to serve not only in the gulf, but in Germany drop in world crop prices and the loss of mar­ still the best in the world, but our competi­ and the United States to augment active units. ket share in Western Europe. Before fiscal tors are fast catching up. In its multifaceted role as engineering, medi­ 1981, the EC had imported as much as 33 mil­ Fifth, putting our fiscal house in order will cal, logistical, military police, and intelligence lion tons of grain in a single year from the help us compete overseas. Our enormous fed­ unit, the 77th proved the worthiness of the Re­ U.S. and other countries, but by the mid- eral budget deficits and debt burden create serve Army system. 1980's it had become a net exporter of grain. an overall drag on our economy, including Mr. Speaker, I am proud to pay tribute to U.S. grain exports to EC countries declined our farm sector. The deficits absorb an ever­ by almost 40% in the last decade. Exports to larger share of domestic savings that would the 77th Infantry Division and ARCOM for their the former Soviet Union, the Middle East otherwise be available to finance private sec­ outstanding contribution to our Nation's mili­ and other overseas markets have not made tor investment, and they drive up real inter­ tary capability. For their commitment to our se­ up for the loss. In fact, the EC has now be- est rates. curity, the 77th is being honored on Septem- 25346 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 ber 26, 1992, on liberty Island in New York Father Bogda, I applaud your efforts to im­ believers in two-party coalition politics, Harbor. A gala celebration is being planned to prove your community. We can all learn from warning bells should be going off: A deser­ commemorate its glorious history. your selflessness. tion of the Republican ticket by moderates could be the catalyst for the development of splinter parties, for the rise of an American TRIBUTE TO DIXON L. CUFF PRESIDENT BUSH DESERVES THE version of the fragmentized politics of SUPPORT OF MAINSTREAM RE­ multiparty Europe. To avoid this outcome, mainstream Repub­ HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS PUBLICANS licans must understand and respect what OF PENNSYLVANIA motivates the new culture conservatives and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. DAVID DREIER recognize that large tents imply the exist­ OF CALIFORNIA ence of healthy, unavoidably tensions, More Wednesday, September 16, 1992 important, it is crucial that Republican de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to scendants of the Taft-Goldwater and the pay tribute to Dixon L. Cuff, of Sunbury, PA, Wednesday, September 16, 1992 Dwight D. Eisenhower-William P. Scranton Mr. DREIER of California. Mr. Speaker, the wings of the party get their philosophical on the occasion of his achieving the rank of houses in order and find principled common Eagle Scout. following article, entitled "GOP Moderates ground with the newcomers. Dixon is a member of Boy Scout Troop 304, Must Be Brothers' Keepers," was written by A good place to begin is to acknowledge of St. Michael the Archangel Catholic Church our distinguished colleague from Iowa, Mr. that non-mainline churches and their pas­ in Sunbury, where he has been the recipient LEACH. It appeared in the Opinion section of tors are playing an important and underrec­ of several awards, including 22 Merit Badges, the Los Angeles Times on September 6, 1992. ognized role in addressing the quandaries the Ad Altare Dei Award, and the Parvuli Dei I believe he makes excellent arguments in faced by many families disoriented by Award. favor of mainstream Republicans supporting changes in modern society. But such an ac­ President Bush. I have to agree with his as­ knowledgment need not imply that because For his Eagle Scout project, Dixon orga­ they proclaim religious authority for their nized and completed the cleaning and refur­ sessment that a winning strategy for our party views, they should enjoy a monopoly on bishing of steps on the Shikellamy Park Over­ centers around promoting tolerance of diver­ moral or family-value themes. look walking trail. Dixon recruited 15 volun­ sity rather than forcing conformity through the Religious values, to be sure, anchor indi­ teers to help with the project, which freed up socialization of American values. We would do vidual morality. But in our constitutional time for maintenance men to do other work in well to follow his advice of focusing on models democracy, individuals of faith have a re­ the park. There is little doubt that the commu­ of personal behavior rather than moral exhor­ sponsibility to ensure that the line between nity is proud and grateful of Dixon's hard work tation. faith and bigotry, between tolerance and co­ ercion, is not crossed. and dedication to public service. GOP MODERATES MUST BE BROTHERS' It is impossible not to be troubled, for ex­ Mr. Speaker, I ask all of my colleagues to KEEPERS ample, when the religious right suggests join me in congratulating Dixon Cuff on be­ (By James A. Leach) that witchcraft is on the rise in the feminist coming an Eagle Scout, and in wishing him WASHINGTON.-Just as many Democrats movement and several Republican state plat­ the best in all of his future endeavors. felt uncomfortable four years ago sharing a forms shelter this idea in party dogma. It is tent with an outspoken trained minister, the also difficult not to be concerned when an in­ Rev. Jesse Jackson, many Republicans this fluential public figure like Buchanan, a man TRIBUTE TO REV. FATHER DENNIS year feel uneasy sitting in a political pew who, by profession, chooses his words care­ M.BOGDA with a prominent leader of non-mainline fully, frames his address to the Republican churches, Pat Robertson. convention in the jihad code of a "religious At issue is a widening philosophical and so­ war.'' HON. JAMFS A. TRAFlCANT, JR. cial chasm within the Republican Party. His­ Our founding · fathers established a nation OF OHIO torically, the party of conservatism has been "under God," one in which revolution IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES buffeted by two, sometimes conflicting, phil­ against British authority was justified by osophical principles: one stemming from Ed­ "self-evident" individual rights and an ap­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 mund Burke's emphasis on stability and peal to a higher law of conscience preceding Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise here gradual change, the other from John Locke's the civil laws of society. But America's first today to pay tribute to Rev. Father Dennis radical assertion of individual rights. Today, citizens labored carefully to construct, in conservatives like Patrick J. Buchanan and Thomas Jefferson's terms, a wall between Bogda who, in the spring, celebrated his 25th Robertson, in speaking of an impending cul­ church and state. anniversary as an ordained priest. tural-or religious-war, assert the need for In erecting this barrier, the crafters of the Reverend Bogda was ordained April 23, the socialization of American values. Indi­ Bill of Rights turned a wary eye toward the 1967, by the Byzantine Arch Diocese of Pitts­ viduals-rights conservatives like Barry M. American as well as European experience. burgh and has since served his community Goldwater and before him, Robert Taft, in They understood that it was religions with tireless commitment and energy. A town advocating the primacy of the individual authoritarianism in Europe that pushed by the name of Monroeville, PA will attest to over state interests, tend to be pro-choice many of the early settlers to our shores. this, for it is home to the Church of the Res­ and adamant about maintaining the separa­ They also knew that Puritans and others in tion of church and state. the New World invoked a discipline of their urrection Byzantine Catholic Church. Father Sociologically, the Republican Party has own to enforce conformity, with witchcraft Bogda founded this church and organized its expanded its tent in the past three presi­ trials and stocks and pillories to coerce parish. It is now a Monroeville landmark rep­ dential elections to embrace groups who, by "non-believers." resenting community worship and compassion. and large, are less likely to be members of "Who does not see," James Madison Indeed, Father Bogda's knack for energizing mainline churches. As these new supporters warned, "the same authority which can es­ projects is inspiring. His work with the Byzan­ have grown in numbers, traditional Repub­ tablish Christianity in exclusion of all other tine Youth Camp and the Golden Circle senior licans have felt increasingly challenged in religions may establish, with the same care, citizens demonstrates this energy. It also high­ ways similar to their Democratic counter­ any particular sect of Christians in exclusion parts, who watched their party cede more of all other sects?" lights his willingness to lift the spirits of others. and more influence to special-interest con­ The strength of the haven we have built for I am not surprised he was named "Byzantine cerns. With members of the cultural right oppressed people the world over comes from Man of the Year" in 1988. Nor am I surprised making it clear, through party politics, that a tolerance of diversity rather that a com­ he was appointed editor of United Societies of they deserve more attention and power, the pulsory conformity. the United States, publisher of the papers crucial question has become whether or not Several days after the Republican National "Enlightenment" and "Provista". mainstream Republicans will stay in the Convention, Buchanan told a convention of Father Bogda now uses his considerable tent or exit through the rear door. the Religious Right that the rioting in Los talents to the benefit of his current parish, St. As a pro-choice, pro-Israel, pro-public edu­ Angeles stemmed from "barbarians" edu­ cation, pro-arms control, non-isolationist cated in public schools, where God had been Nicholas Byzantine Catholic Church. He is Republican, I would argue that George Bush "long ago expelled." Americans may reason­ also serving as an administrator at Byzantine is far more tolerant than his party's plat­ ably differ on whether state-crafted prayer Catholic Central School while working toward form, and that he deserves the support of should be authorized in public schools, but it his masters degree in community counseling. mainstream Republicans. Furthermore, for is an insecure, if not manipulative, view of September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25347 the Christian faith to imply that an agency America, and America's challenge is our what the problem, the solution is basically of the state can block the presence of God. challenge. How do you solve a problem or the same. And that is people caring enough God is not excludable from any place. A U.S. challenge affecting your life? You start with to get involved. Therefore, America's Chal­ Supreme Court cannot keep an omnipresent yourself. And that is exactly what each one lenge is for the individual to become in­ God out of our schools any more than Con­ of us needs to do. To meet America's Chal­ volved to make a difference in a young per­ gress is needed to put him back in. lenge, our challenge, we all need to do a lit­ son's life. Because if you're not making a The best reflection of faith and inspiration tle bit of soul-searching. In other words, positive contribution toward America's for ethical conduct stems from models of what can you and I contribute? But before Youth by doing nothing you're making a personal behavior. Moral exhortation, while we can see what we are going to contribute, negative contribution against them. a function of all leadership, is more appro­ we must first examine what the needs are. In the beginning I told you that America priately the principal province of churches What are the problems and how are others was no longer the perfect country I thought and deacons than political parties and can­ facing and defeating them? it was. And yet America in my opinion is didates. The foundation is the most important still the Best country. We as Americans, thing in any structure and I believe that the must meet the challenge to "make the Best foundation of this country is the family. The better." ERIN RUTH BAUMGARDNER WINS family should be a nurturing place where SCRIPTWRITING CONTEST children learn good morals, where they learn how to treat each other. In the family, chil­ STATUS REPORT TO OLDER dren should also learn the importance of edu­ AMERICANS HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR. cation. Therefore, the family produces well OF TENNESSEE educated and aware citizens. But unfortu­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nately according to experts on the family like Dr. James Dobson we are experiencing a OF INDIANA Wednesday, September 16, 1992 decline of the family. This is caused by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, I am very proud high rate of divorce or families who just Wednesday, September 16, 1992 aren't spending enough time together, com­ that one of my constituents, Erin Ruth Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to Baumgardner, has been selected as Ten­ municating. If this decline is as they say then that means we are also experiencing a insert my Washington Report for Wednesday, nessee State winner of the Voice of Democ­ decline of good citizens. Therein lies our August 26, 1992 into the CONGRESSIONAL racy broadcast scriptwriting contest. challenge: How to restore what is lost from RECORD: Erin is from Riceville, TN, and is a student parental influence. Fortunately, there are STATUS REPORT TO OLDER AMERICANS at McMinn County High School. those who are willing to try to make a dif­ Profile of Older Americans: Older persons In 1990, she placed second in the Voice of ference. Some are doing their part by becom­ are an increasingly important part of our so­ Democracy contest, and this year, she won ing a big brother or big sister, giving a child ciety. Those age 65 and over now comprise the contest and accomplished a lot more, be­ a good role model that is lacking. Others, 12.5% of the U.S. population, up from 6.8% in cause she states a goal that everyone in this families themselves, are learning to commu­ 1940. Their number totals 31 million, of nicate and understand each other better. country should strive for~et involved-care which about 696,000 live in Indiana. Older Through these and other efforts, hopefully persons make up a larger share of the popu­ about what happens to your fell ow human we as a country can reinstate the impor­ being. lation in the Northeast (13.7%) and Midwest tance of the family. After all, a structure is (12.9%) than in the South (12.4%) or West Another point Erin emphasizes is that the only as good as its foundation. (10.9%). Almost 60% of this age group are problems faced in American society today are Education in the U.S. has also declined. women. due to the decline in education and family val­ Education can be a person's ticket out of a Older persons as a group have done well in ues. bad environment, but unfortunately many recent years. The median family income of She is correct, and I quote in Erin's words: times the importance of education is not in­ households headed by someone 65 or older is stilled in children. This may be because of around $23,000, which, after adjusting for in­ No matter what the problem, the solution the children's parents. Sometimes it is peer is basically the same. And that is, people flation, is two-thirds higher than it was in pressure and sometimes it is the fault of so­ 1965. Nationwide, 3.5 million older persons caring enough to get involved. Therefore, ciety in general. In short, another challenge. America's challenge is for the individual to continue to work, while about 93,000 who Many kids are impatient. They want a would like to are unable to find jobs. All but become involved, to make a difference in a quick and easy way out. So they quit school young person's life. about one million older persons receive So­ to make fast money selling drugs or what cial Security benefits, including almost I am submitting Erin's essay for inclusion in not. And yet there are a few out there doing 70,000 in the Ninth District. The poverty rate the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, and I encourage their part. People who are doing things like for those 65 and older is about 11 %, compared my colleagues and other readers of the holding nightly basketball for kids, getting with 13% for all Americans and 20% for chil­ RECORD to read her testimony. them off the streets, allowing basketball to dren. Women are more likely to be poor than occupy their time instead of drugs. Or teach­ MEETING AMERICA'S CHALLENGE men. An increasing number of older per­ ers who after their busy day at school go and sons-over 30%-are living alone. More than (By Erin R. Baumgardner, Tennessee winner, tutor students who live in economically de­ 4 million older Americans living in the com­ 1991-92 VFW Voice of Democracy Scholar­ pressed areas. munity need assistance with everyday ac­ ship Program) But the troubles of education don't just lie tivities, such as meal preparation, house­ I don't know exactly when it happened, but in students, they lie in the fact that teachers work, and personal care. slowly I have awakened from my idealistic aren't being paid what they are worth. This Congressional Action: Congress currently childhood. I had always thought that Amer­ is causing the nation's best and brightest to has under consideration several issues of im­ ica was perfect, that is until I became aware pass up the field of teaching and go into portance to older persons: of an eye-opening force that had always been fields where they can earn more money. But Social Security: Both the House and the in my home, the nightly news. Through this a promising program has recently been start­ Senate have considered proposals to modify media I discovered a whole other world. A ed to answer that challenge. This program, the Social Security earnings test, which sets world that is made up of drugs, crime, and called the teacher corp, modeled after the a limit on the amount of money recipients death. A world that produces uneducated peace corp, takes top graduates from the na­ may earn from work without having their people trapped in a deadly cycle. However, I tion's top schools and puts them into the benefits reduced. The measure passed by the soon discovered that this world does not just field of teaching. These graduates have com­ House would nearly double the amount of ex­ exist in dark slums of large cities, but that mitted two years to go into some of the most empt earnings over the next five years, to it also exists in suburia America. Children economically depressed areas of the country $20,000 in 1997. Last year, the Senate passed and teenagers who come from "good" homes to teach. They take a crash course in teach­ a bill to eliminate the earnings test, but the are also becoming a part of this deadly ing over the summer. And in that same sum­ House has not considered it. The Senate has world. My eye-opening experience was and is mer they also student teach in year round yet to consider a different proposal, which depressing. My "perfect" America faces a L.A. schools. After only one year the pro­ would raise the earnings limit to $11,000 in desperate challenge. A challenge to stop the gram is very successful with more and more 1993 and increase it annually until it reaches cycle and help kids become a part of a graduates signing up for next year. $51,000 in 2001. The bill would pay for this in­ brighter future. So how is this America's I'm sure that there are other possible chal­ crease by raising Social Security payroll Challenge to be met? America is not just the lenges affecting America's youth that could taxes for high-income workers. name of this land, America is also the people be explored besides the basic family and edu­ The House has also passed a bill which who live in this land. Therefore, we are cational problems. But I feel that no matter would increase Social Security benefits for 25348 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 widows who are age 80 or older who began re­ In 1992, Congress provided almost $1.4 billion has already proclaimed September 22, 1992, ceiving benefits before age 65. The Senate for the Older Americans Act. to be Vera Mae Malloy Day in Youngstown. has not considered a similar measure. Nei­ Conclusion: The federal government has Mr. Speaker, Vera has worked tirelessly for ther house has acted on measures to grant made an unparalleled commitment to the additional benefits to the so-called "notch country's older persons. One-third of all fed­ A.B.W.A. to help promote women in business babies"-those individuals born from 1917 to eral spending now goes for programs for and education. For well over 20 years, she 1921 who assert that they have been denied older Americans-exceeding federal spending has been making all travel and hotel arrange­ adequate Social Security benefits. However, on anything else, including national defense. ments for the members during regional and Congress still has this under consideration. The results of this commitment have been national conventions every spring and fall. The Social Security Administration (SSA) impressive. The poverty rate for those 65 and Whether it be by bus or plane, members from is currently part of the department of Health older is sharply down, and Social Security is Mahoning, Trumbull, and Shenango Valleys and Human Services. This year, the House probably the most successful anti-poverty can depend on Vera to do all the work, while approved a bill which would make the SSA program in U.S. history. It is clear that pro­ an independent agency, run by a bipartisan, tecting the well-being of older persons has we enjoy ourselves. She has been an active three-member Board of Directors to be nomi­ become a major obligation of the national member since 1963. She has sponsored 46 nated by the President and confirmed by the government. I do not think this will or members, and is an honored member of the Senate. The Board would appoint an Execu­ should change. Inner Circle, the elite corps of members. tive Director to oversee day-to-day oper­ Mr. Speaker, I am honored to be able to ations of the agency. Similar proposals have stand today to recognize Vera Mae Malloy, been introduced in the Senate. A RINGING ENDORSEMENT FOR truly one of my district's hardest working indi­ Health Care: Prescription drug costs have RADIO FREE CHINA viduals. I wish her well in the future and may risen much faster than inflation in recent God bless her. years, and Medicare and some insurance plans provide little coverage of such costs. HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER Several proposals are before Congress which OF ILLINOIS LEGISLATION TO IMPOSE A ONE­ would expand access to prescription drug IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES benefits while limiting future cost increases. YEAR MORATORIUM ON THE One proposal would expand Medicare to Wednesday, September 16, 1992 SALE, TRANSFER OR EXPORT OF cover prescription drug benefits. The cost of Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, Monday, the ANTI-PERSONNEL LAND MINES the increased coverage would be paid for congressionally created Commission on ABROAD through an increase in the monthly premium Broadcasting to the People's Republic of paid by older persons who receive Medicare. Other proposals would require drug compa­ China issued its final report. The report calls HON. LANE EV ANS nies to offer the lowest available price to for the creation of a surrogate radio broadcast­ OF ILLINOIS government health care programs. However, ing service to China and other autocratic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES countries in Asia that live under state-spon­ past efforts in this area have been weakened Wednesday, September 16, 1992 by drug company increases in their lowest sored repression and censorship. price. The use · of generic drugs, which are As the sponsor of legislation to establish Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ much less expensive than brand-name drugs, Radio Free China, I support the commission's ducing a companion bill to S. 3098, Senator also is being encouraged. Many employer-fi­ strong endorsement of this initiative to target PATRICK LEAHY's legislation to impose a 1-year nanced heal th insurance plans offer dis­ uncensored information about events taking moratorium on the sale, transfer, or export of counts for using generic drugs, and federal antipersonnel landmines abroad. agencies are following their lead. place inside China to millions of Chinese citi­ Another concern is the staggering cost of zens who share our principles but currently The weapon of choice in many of the guer­ long-term care. Nursing homes cost roughly have access to only the propaganda and lies rilla conflicts during the cold war were land­ $30,000 annually, and professional care can generated by the white-haired dictators in mines~heap weapons that could be easily cost more than $200 a day. Many American China. employed by forces in the field. While many of families pay for long-term care out of their I believe that it is time to try a new ap­ the combatants of these conflicts have own pocket, straining their incomes and proach with China, one that promotes change stopped fighting, the terror of these wars has draining life savings. Suggested solutions from within by broadcasting messages of truth still not ended for the civilian populations. Day under consideration in Congress involve the in and day out, they still face the horror of the private and public sector. Private-sector pro­ and hope directly to the Chinese people. posals include federal tax incentives for pur­ Radio Free China is a cost-effective and force­ thousands of landmines that have been plant­ chasing long-term care insurance or individ­ ful tool to encourage the progress of democ­ ed and left behind in the fields, trails and for­ ual medical accounts which could be used to racy and freedom in China. Mr. Speaker, ests of their countries. pay for long-term care and would be modeled those suffering under the suffocating rule of Worldwide from Cambodia to Somalia, Nica­ on Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs). the world's largest Communist nation deserve ragua to Afghanistan, hundreds of thousands One public-sector proposal would provide the truth. of innocent civilians, many of them children, federally financed long-term care to all have been killed or maimed by these indis­ chronically disabled persons. Beneficiaries criminate weapons. In Afghanistan alone an would not be responsible for any cost. The TRIBUTE TO VERA MAE MALLOY estimated 400,000 civilians were injured and drawback of this proposal is its cost to the federal government: over $58 billion a year. another 200,000 killed by mines. Not only One proposal which mixes the private and HON. JAMFS A. TRAF1CANT, JR. have these weapons caused immense and public sectors would expand Medicare to pay OF OHIO random carnage, they are also a large obsta­ for nursing home and home care after a pre­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cle in the recovery of these countries from the determined amount, or deductible, is paid by wars that have torn their homelands. Mines in the beneficiary. Medicaid would pay the de­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 the fields prevent farmers from planting and ductible for lower-income persons and others Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today harvesting their lands and obstruct the free could buy private insurance to pay the cost. to pay tribute to a woman in my district who flow of commerce over mined roads and Older Americans Act: Both houses of Con­ gress have passed different versions of a has been a driving force in the business com­ paths. It will likely take decades to find and measure to reauthorize supportive services munity in the Mahoning Valley. disarm most of these weapons. provided through the Older Americans Act. Mr. Speaker, Vera Mae Malloy has worked In 1981, the United States signed the U.N. The largest and best-known of these pro­ for years for the American Business Women's Convention on Mines, an agreement prohibit­ grams is the senior nutrition program, which Association. In November 1983, President ing the indiscriminate use of antipersonnel funds low-cost meals in various senior cen­ Reagan proclaimed September 22 as national mines. While the convention was a good first ters, as well as home-delivered meals to indi­ American Business Women's Association Day. step, its provisions have been largely ignored viduals unable to travel to a meal site. This year, all the chapters in the Youngstown, by the users of these weapons. Since the con­ About 3 million Americans received 238 mil­ lion meals through this program in 1991. The Warren, and Hubbard areas will be celebrating vention, the use of mines has actually sky­ Older Americans Act also supports the Green it together. At this event, they will honor Vera rocketed among the nations of the third world. Thumb program, which matches low-income for her tremendous work with this organiza­ As the armies of other nations have modern­ older workers with community service jobs. tion. The mayor of Youngstown, Pat Ungaro, ized their inventories of mines, they have September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25349 transferred their older stocks to poorer coun­ geon and PHR consultant with more than 20 tag of $3,500,000. U.N. agencies, the European tries. This has resulted in a glut of mines that years experience treating war and land mine Community and the U.S. government are are now being used with abandon in the coun­ casual ties. In northwest Somalia, now re­ now considering this and other options but named Somaliland by the new government may not be willing to raise the necessary tries of the undeveloped world. which took power in May 1991, they travelled funds-both to support the refugees who are If we are to avoid the lessons of Cambodia from Hargeisa, the capital, to the coastal still displaced and to pay the cost for the re­ and Afghanistan, the United States must take city of Berbera and to Boroma, near the moval of mines. the lead in restricting and eventually ending Ethiopian border, visiting hospitals and Dr. Fine said recently that besides the nec­ the use of these weapons. We can take the interviewing victims of land mine explo­ essary funding for demining, other urgent next step in ending this insanity by leading the sions, the majority of whom are children. needs include selection of an expert coordi­ way among the international community in The land mines are one legacy of the fierce nator for the overall problem of land mines, calling for a moratorium on the trade of anti­ civil war in the north which raged from 1988 international funding for the acute care and personnel landmines. until January 1991 and ended with the defeat rehabilitation of mine victims as well as a The bill, in addition to the 1-year moratorium of Siad Barre, Somalia's dictator. The mines mine awareness program to teach the chil­ come from many countries including the dren especially what mines look like and on sales, transfers and exports, would also United States and the Soviet Union, both how to avoid them. All of this should, he make it United States policy to seek verifiable major arms suppliers to the government of adds, be in place before hundreds of thou­ international agreements prohibiting the sale, Siad Barre. sands of additional refugees return from transfer or export, further limits on the use, Barre's forces had laid mines in Hargeisa Ethiopia. In addition, Somaliland's basic in­ and an eventual ending of production, posses­ on secondary roads and throughout grazing frastructure must be rebuilt and its militias sion or deployment of antipersonnel land­ lands and fields for the cultivation of food largely demobilized to return some degree of mines. It is a first step we can take to end the crops in a wide arc surrounding the city. normalcy to the region. But international tragedies created by these weapons. The Somali National Movement (SNM), will may be lacking to provide the necessary Any discussion of the bill would be incom­ the victorious insurgency, had also laid sig­ assistance. Fine has already reported his nificant amounts of mines in the western­ findings and recommendations to the U.S. plete without mentioning the pioneering role of most region of the country. Equally ruinous, Congress and State Department and PHR the Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation untold numbers of sheep, goats and camels plans more intervention on the publicity of [VVAF] in the drive to end the use of these have been killed by mines. These grazing its report. weapons. For years, VVAF has dealt directly animals are the basis of the economy of the with the human suffering that has accom­ country. Their nomadic tenders, often small panied the proliferation and spread of anti­ children, increasingly fall victim to mines. A TRIBUTE TO DR. RAY R. IRANI personnel mines. Through its Indochina The PHR team found a devastating scene. project, VV AF has worked with the mine vic­ Ninety percent of the homes in Hargeisa, where 200,000 have now returned, have been HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR tims of the Cambodian Civil War in obtaining destroyed by bombing and shelling. There is OF OHIO prosthetics and helping them overcome the no electricity, except for that provided by a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES obstacles that these traumatic injuries present few portable generators. Potable water is in in their struggle to maintain a decent life. I sa­ short supply and the government is so enfee­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 lute their hard work and that of my colleague, bled that it has been unable to control the Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, this weekend Dr. Senator PATRICK LEAHY. I look forward to our rival militias, theoretically under its com­ Ray Irani will receive the Joseph Jacobs Dis­ combined efforts to work toward a ban so that mand. tinguished Achievement Award from the Amer­ we may see the day when innocent men, Thousands of soldiers have no wages nor ican Task Force for Lebanon. Dr. Irani is the prospect of employment. Many roam the chairman and CEO of Occidental Petroleum women, and children are no longer bound to cities and countryside taking what they a wheelchair or fitted with an artificial limb be­ want at gunpoint. With the exception of the Corp. and has made valuable contributions to cause of these indiscriminate weapons. 80 bed hospital in Berbera run by the Inter­ the United States as a research scientist, a I would also ask that the enclosed article national Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) manager and a businessman. "Thousands Maimed by Land Mines in No­ and the Somaliland Red Crescent Society, Dr. Irani has lived the American dream. madic Somaliland" from the spring 1992 edi­ hospital personnel, including physicians and Born in Beirut, Lebanon, he came to the Unit­ tion of Physicians for Human Rights Record nurses, receive no pay and generally leave ed States to study at the University of South­ be included in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. work at mid-day. At night and on weekends, ern California and earned a Ph.D. in physical they return only for emergencies. Tuber­ chemistry. As the author of "Particle Size" and The suffering in Somalia that has been so culosis is uncontrolled, malaria is endemic graphically brought to the world's attention and few drugs are available for the largely more than 50 papers, he made valuable con­ over the last few months has not just been indigent population. tributions to the world of science. He also caused by the recent drought. Landmines While precise figures are not available, holds 50 United States and more than 100 for­ planted during the nation's civil war are maim­ Fine estimates that there may be close to eign patents. His achievements have also ing people and preventing the harvest of the 2,000 amputees in Somaliland with land been commended in awards from the Amer­ few crops and livestock that are left. It is a mines causing an increased proportion of the ican Institute of Chemists, Polytechnic Univer­ tragic, but largely unknown chapter in the his­ injuries. sity and the Chemical Marketing Research As­ The majority of land mine victims and sociation. tory of this devastated country. other amputees suffer infected wounds. Many I urge my colleague to sponsor this urgent will have to be reamputated, as often not Dr. Irani has also been recognized as a and important legislation. enough bone has been removed to allow the leader in the business community. This year [From Physicians for Human Rights Record, subsequent placement of a prosthesis. he received the CEO of the Year Bronze Spring 1992) There is no physical therapy or organized Award from Financial World magazine. His THOUSANDS MAIMED BY LAND MINES IN program of rehabilitation available in the leadership in the business community is re­ NOMADIC SOMALILAND country other than at the well-equipped flected by his role as a member of the board As southern Somalia and its capital ICRC hospital. Handicap International, a of directors for the National Associations of Mogadishu are rocked by civil war, the rel­ French group, has opened a workshop in Manufacturers, the American Petroleum Insti­ Hargeisa to begin to make crutches and arti­ ative quiet of northwestern Somalia is too tute, and the National Committee on United often shattered by the sound of exploding ficial limbs. They can supply only a small land mines. No one knows with any precision fraction of those in need. States-China Relations. the number of mines or their exact location Under the direction of the United Nations, Community service continues to be an im­ but estimates range between 200,000 and a painstaking mine removal program is un­ portant part of his life. This year he received 1,500,000 mines. These have already caused derway. Some 200 Somalis have been trained the Americanism Award from the Boy Scouts close to 1,000 casualties. Now, hundreds of in demining techniques. Through a precar­ of America. He is also on the board of direc­ thousands of refugees are poised to return ious technique using hand-held metal probes, tors for the Jonsson Cancer Center Founda­ from nearby camps in Ethiopia, the majority 21,000 mines have been removed to date. tion-UCLA and a trustee of the University of While the demining force is being increased to areas that are most heavily infiltrated by Southern California, St. John's Hospital and mines. to 400, much of the future work must be done In March 1992, PHR's Dr. Jonathan Fine by mechanical means at considerably in­ Health Center Foundation, the Natural History travelled extensively in northwestern Soma­ creased cost. One proposal to bring heavy Museum of Los Angeles, and the American lia with Dr. Chris Giannou, a Canadian sur- demining vehicles in to Somalia has a price University of Beirut. 25350 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 I join the American Task Force for Lebanon ufacturers Association, the Industrial Bio­ 1973 and 1985. Although the current U.S. un­ in saluting Dr. Irani d recognizing his contribu­ technology Association, and the administra­ employment rate of 7.7% is too high, that tion to America. tion. In fact, I know of no opposition to the bill figure should drop once the economy picks up. from any organization, and I am hopeful that On the negative side, many of the new jobs it can be enacted this year. PRESCRIPTION DRUG USER FEE created have been of relatively poor quality. Of the 13.6 million jobs added between 1979 ACT OF 1992 and 1989, 5 million paid less than $250 a TRIBUTE TO GAIL R. SIEGEL week-roughly the poverty level for a family HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN of four. That, combined with the disappear­ OF CALIFORNIA HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS ance of many middle-income jobs, meant that the average weekly wage for American IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF PENNSYLVANIA workers actually fell in the 1980s. Wednesday, September 16, 1992 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The group of Americans hurt most by these Wednesday, September 16, 1992 trends were young, less-educated men. The Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, ever since I percent of males age 18-24 working full-time came to Congress, I have listened to the de­ Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to but .making below poverty wages increased bate about whether the benefits to public pay tribute to Gail R. Siegel, of Harrisburg, from 18% to 40% during the 1980s. Workers health from our drug approval process justify PA, who is the recipient of the Hanna G. with a college degree fared better, as em­ the time that it takes to decide whether drugs Salomon Award from the National Council of ployers increasingly hired highly-skilled are safe and effective. This issue has been Jewish Women. workers. The result was a "hollowing out" of studied by academics; it has been studied by Gail Siegel has a long and successful his­ the income scale, leaving larger fractions of commissions; it has been studied by the FDA; tory of working for the betterment of the com­ workers at the top and bottom and a smaller percentage in the middle. and it has been studied by congressional com­ munity. She was a cofounder and is currently mittees. Even the Council on Competitiveness the executive director of the Children's Play CAUSES. has a proposal. A major cause of this hollowing out is the Room, which is a nonprofit agency dedicated decline in manufacturing jobs, which have The FDA has made some progress in get­ to serving parents and their preschool chil­ traditionally been a source of high-wage em­ ting drugs to sick people sooner. It has adopt­ dren. The outstanding programs that are a ployment for less-educated workers. Only ed the Treatment IND, the Parallel Track, and part of the Children's Play Room are aimed at 18.2 million Americans work in manufactur­ the Compassionate IND to get drugs to pa­ preventing child abuse and encouraging self­ ing today, compared to 20.3 million in 1980. tients before they have been approved. It has esteem in both parents and children. Even more important, semi-skilled jobs in also made some progress in lowering the time Gail has long been active in the National manufacturing have declined at a much fast­ it takes to review new drug applications. Yet Council of Jewish Women, joining the Harris­ er rate than overall manufacturing employ­ ment. last year the FDA took an average of 20 burg chapter back in 1959. She has exhibited The loss of manufacturing jobs is due, in months to review new prescription drug appli­ outstanding leadership at NCJW, serving in part, to foreign competition. Some of the cations. many positions over the years. Gail's commit­ fault lies with unfair trade practices by our In the meantime, it has become increasingly ment to community service has been dis­ competitors, such as dumping their products obvious that the only way to make real played by her work with the "Readers to the at low cost in our markets or erecting trade progress in cutting FDA approval times for Blind" Program, the Aurora Club and the Unit­ barriers to restrict imports. But that is not prescription drugs is to get the FDA additional ed Jewish Community Appeal Campaign. the entire story, as foreign firms are often resources. It is also obvious that the chance of There is little doubt that many people through­ better at quickly turning technology into commercial products that are both high getting those funds through from the usual ap­ out central Pennsylvania have benefitted from quality and affordable. Autos and machine propriations process is remote. Gail's tireless devotion to many worthy tools are just two of the traditionally high­ Out of this quandary came the idea of user causes. wage manufacturing industries that have fees for prescription drugs. For about 4 years, Mr. Speaker, I ask all of my colleagues to been battered by strong foreign rivals. Even Mr. DINGELL and I have worked to formulate a join me in honoring Gail Siegel for her years U.S. firms that held their own in the com­ proposal that could generate additional funds of commitment and selflessness that have petition often did so by moving jobs offshore. for the drug approval process, but which been inspiring to us all. No less important a factor in the loss of would insure that the funds go only to in­ manufacturing jobs is technological change: the substitution of machinery for workers, crease FDA resources, and not to pay off the WILL THERE BE ENOUGH GOOD partly in response to competition from low­ Federal deficit. The bill being introduced today wage countries. In addition, many firms have satisfies this requirement. JOBS? used technology to "downskill" the remain­ The bill would raise $327 million over a 5- ing jobs-for example, replacing skilled ma­ year period. With these funds, the FDA would HON. LEE H. HAMILTON chinists with unskilled machine operators hire 600 new employees who would devote OF INDIANA and a white collar computer programmer rather than training the machinists to do their time to the review of prescription drug IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES applications. The agency projects that 5 years the programming. Wednesday, September 16, 1992 As consumers, Americans benefit from for­ from now these additional resources will allow eign competition and trade as well as from it to review new drug applications in just 12 Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to technological advance, and American work­ months; applications for breakthrough drugs insert my Washington Report for Wednesday, ers with high skills can benefit from the in­ will be able to be done in just 6 months. September 2, 1992 into the CONGRESSIONAL creased demand for their expertise. But there These are not binding requirements, but they RECORD: is an unmistakable tradeoff. Lower-skilled are goals that the agency has adopted. WILL THERE BE ENOUGH Goon JOBS? American workers, whose jobs can be per­ The bill will sunset after 5 years. At that The number one economic issue in Amer­ formed by factory workers in Mexico or ica is jobs. Americans worry not just about China at a fraction of the cost, tend to lose. time, Congress will be able to review its suc­ As they are laid off or their wages cut, they cess and to decide whether to extend the au­ keeping a job, but about keeping a good job­ one that will support something close to create a glut on the market, which in turn thorization for the fees. pulls down the wages of low-skilled Amer­ This is a major piece of legislation that will their current standard of living. Many Amer­ icans fear that the U.S. economy will no ican workers across a wide range of indus­ produce significant benefits to the public. If it longer create enough good jobs to go around. tries. is enacted, it will get lifesaving drugs to people The same drive for higher productivity and faster. TRENDS IN JOBS competitiveness that reshaped American The bill reflects extensive discussions with On the positive side, huge numbers of manufacturing in the 1980s is now confront­ workers entered the labor force during the ing the service sector-a second cause of the the drug industry and the FDA. Members of 1970s and 1980s, and the American economy decline of middle-class jobs. Services ac­ the committee from both the majority and mi­ found jobs for almost all of them. America's count for 78% of all jobs in the United nority have worked hard to produce a product success in creating jobs is especially impres­ States, and service industries ranging from that works and has bipartisan support. This bill sive in contrast to places like Europe, where banking and insurance to carpet cleaning is also supported by the Pharmaceutical Man- virtually no new jobs were created between have created all net new jobs in the last dee- September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25351 ade. But the growth in service jobs has discovery and development of new medicines Mr. Speaker, the introduction of this bill is slowed sharply in the last few years, and that meet genuine patient needs. Currently, an unusual and historic occasion. Not often­ that trend is expected to continue through­ there are thousands of rare diseases that if ever-in the history of the Federal Govern­ out the decade. As in manufacturing, the downsizing in have no known cure. U.S. drug and bio­ ment's regulation of private industry has there services is hitting low-skilled workers the technology companies spend billions of dollars been an instance where the regulated industry hardest. Many service firms are computeriz­ annually in their quest for cures for these has sought the opportunity to pay fees to reg­ ing their backroom operations-the equiva­ dreaded afflictions. These corporations are ac­ ulators. However, that is the case today. lent of automating a factory assembly line­ tively pursuing research for safe and effective Recognizing the need for improvements in thereby eliminating thousands of jobs. Less treatments for diseases such as AIDS, cancer, the new drug approval process, the research­ essential mid-level managers are also being arthritis, cystic fibrosis, Alzheimer's disease, based pharmaceutical industry has taken the shed in large numbers. These laid-off middle and other debilitating conditions that cause un­ position that it would be willing to pay user managers are now competing for jobs with fees to the Food and Drug Administration if recent college graduates. As a result, college told human suffering and place enormous eco­ grads are ending up with entry-level jobs nomic burdens on our families and on our those fees add to the existing FDA baseline that high school graduates with some tech­ country's health care system. appropriations, if they are fully dedicated to nical training once took. The success of these corporations depends the. approval of new drugs and biologics, if To be sure, these trends have been aggra­ upon the cooperation of the Food and Drug they are reasonable and if they are based on vated by the recession. During the recession­ Administration [FDA], which must test and ap­ a long-term commitment by the Government to ary years of the early 1990s, the U.S. lost prove any drug or biotechnology breakthrough. improving the drug and biologics process. over a million manufacturing jobs-more Unfortunately, despite the best efforts of the As a result of that willingness, Chairman than were lost during all of the 1980s. And it FDA's new Commissioner, Dr. David Kessler, WAXMAN and I, with the cooperation of Sen­ is also the case that the U.S. made a serious ators KENNEDY and HATCH, have encouraged policy mistake in the early 1980s when we the agency does not have the resources to began running huge budget deficits. That meet the anticipated flood of marketing appli­ the pharmaceutical industry and the Food and meant we had to borrow large sums from cations for new drug and biotechnology prod­ Drug Administration to work together to de­ overseas-driving up the value of the dollar ucts. velop a workable user fee program. Our re­ and making our goods more expensive over­ The increasing backlog of new drug approv­ spective staffs have spent much time and ef­ seas. But more fundamental factors are also als not only denies Americans possible access fort, working with the Agency and the industry, at work, and it has become increasingly to life-saving products, but also seriously un­ to perfect the legislation we are introducing clear that in a global economy the American today. job machine can no longer provide well-pay­ dermines the competitiveness of an important U.S. industry. Under this historic bill, the industry is willing ing jobs for less-skilled, less-educated work­ to pay for much needed acceleration of the ers. The legislation being considered today pro­ new drug and biologics approval process and JAPAN AND GERMANY poses to solve this serious problem through dedicated user fees paid by the pharma­ the FDA is willing to commit to a number of Our two major competitors are subject to specific and defined goals to accomplish that the same global economic pressures, but ceutical companies that sponsor the drugs their workers have not experienced a com­ evaluated by the FDA. User fees are not new improvement. I congratulate both the industry parable loss of well-paying jobs. Several fac­ as a source of funding. Indeed, they have and FDA for this achievement. tors explain this. In both countries, the bot­ been around since the first American toll road I want to emphasize my strong commitment tom two-thirds of the work force has in­ was built and have been the mainstay for to assuring that the revenues collected from creased its productivity faster than has oc­ funding the Federal highway system. the user fee program set up by this bill are to curred in the U.S., and that has justified ris­ To be sure, the FDA must never deviate be additive to appropriated funds. They are to ing wages. In Germany, strong unions have from its prime mission to safeguard the go to speeding up the drug approval process been able to negotiate relatively high mini­ and are not to be diverted for other purposes mum wages, resulting in greater wage gains public's health and safety. Drug products should not come on-line without thorough and or to deficit reduction. for the unskilled. These high minimum Commissioner Kessler, with the approval of wages have, in turn, motivated German complete evaluation. But the industry does firms to invest in their workers and raise have a legitimate concern that as long as their the Office of Management and Budget, has their level of productivity. In addition, both applications are stuck on a shelf at the FDA established the goals FDA will seek to meet Japan and Germany have been less open than awaiting approval, important, life-saving prod­ with the additional resources to be provided as the U.S. to manufactured imports from low­ ucts will never enter the health care market­ a result of this bill. Those goals are reason­ wage countries, and this has shielded their place. able and appropriate and the Energy and workers from strong downward wage pres- Commerce Committee expects that their im­ sure. No industry wants to pay more than it has to in order to get its products to market. And, plementation will be fully supported by the De­ WHAT CAN BE DONE? many industries have been reluctant to sup­ partment of Health and Human Services and Next week's newsletter will look at what port a user fee for fear that these funds will be by the Office of Management and Budget. government and industry must do to make used to supplant appropriated dollars. The leg­ The Subcommittee on Oversight and Inves­ the transition to a high-skill, high-wage tigations will carefully monitor the progress economy. islation guarantees that does not happen. All such "user fee" moneys will be dedicated to that is being made in speeding up the drug the sole purpose of new product approval, in approval process and I am confident the com­ THE PRESCRIPTION DRUG USER effect, creating an "add on" to the normal mittee will be prepared to take whatever action FEE ACT OF 1992 Congressional appropriations. is appropriate to assure that the noble worthy The payment of a user fee should not and purposes of this legislation are not frustrated. Mr. Speaker, I ask that a section-by-section will not assure a drug's approval by the FDA. HON. JOHN D. DINGEil analysis of this bill, a September 14 letter from OF MICHIGAN The FDA must fulfill its obligation to ensure the health, safety ·and integrity of each and the Commissioner of the Food and Drug Ad­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ministration, a September 14 letter from the every new drug coming on the market. But a Wednesday, September 16, 1992 5-year, $300 million user fee fund will go a Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association, and a September 15 letter from the Industrial Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, today I would long way to ensure the drug industry that dec­ Biotechnology Association be printed in the like to introduce on behalf of myself, Con­ ades of research will be reviewed in a reason­ gressman WAXMAN, chairman of the Sub­ able and timely manner. RECORD at this point. committee on Health and the Environment, Who wins by the passage of this bill? The SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS OF THE PRESCRIPTION DRUG USER FEE ACT OF 1992 and other members of the Committee on En­ American consumer and thousands of patients INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY ergy and Commerce, the Prescription Drug in dire need of treatment. The U.S. public, al­ The Prescription Drug User Fee Act of 1992 User Fee Act of 1992. ready impatient with the delay in getting life­ would impose fees on prescription drug man­ Mr. Speaker, we all know that the American saving drugs to the market, deserves some ufacturers which would be used to increase pharmaceutical industry is the world's finest. It assurance that their access to life-saving the resources at the Food and Drug Adminis­ successfully competes in a tough international drugs will not be impeded by understaffing at tration for the review of prescription drug marketplace and is deeply committed to the the FDA. applications. 25352 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 Under the bill, prescription drug manufac­ for 1992 (adjusted for inflation and to take months of the action due date will extend turers would pay three types of fees: a one­ into account changes in the overall federal the review timeframes by 3 months.) time application fee (for each application for budget). 3. Review and act on priority amendments approval of a prescription drug product); an Section 736(g) provides that the fees shall to PLAs or ELAs, and supplements to NDAs, annual product fee (imposed on prescription be available only to defray increases in the within 6 months after submission date. drug products after they have been ap­ costs of the process for the approval of pre­ 4. Review and act on amendments to PLAs proved); and an annual establishment fee scription drug applications over the costs of or ELAs, and supplements to NDAs that do (imposed on plants used to manufacturer the process for the previous year (adjusted not require review of clinical data (e.g., man­ prescription drugs). for inflation and to take into account ufacturing supplements/amendments), with­ The user fees would raise between $36 mil­ changes in the overall federal budget). Sec­ in 6 months after submission date. lion and $84 million per year. This money tion 736(g) also provides an authorization for 5. Review and act on standard amendments would be used to increase the resources that the user fees for fiscal years 199~1997. to PLAs or ELAs, and supplements to NDAs the FDA devotes to reviewing prescription Section 736(h) provides a mechanism for that require review of clinical data (efficacy drug applications. At the August 10, 1992 collecting unpaid fees. supplements/amendments), within 12 months hearing before the Subcommittee, the FDA SECTION 4 (ANNUAL REPORT) after submission date. indicated that this user fee legislation could 6. Review and act on complete applications Section 4 requires the FDA to provide Con­ resubmitted following receipt of a non-ap­ cut drug approval times almost in half. ·The gress with an annual report relating how the additional revenue will enable the FDA to proval letter within 6 months after the re­ agency used the fees and on the agency's submission date. hire 600 new employees and to establish as a progress in achieving the goals for expedit­ goal the approval of breakthrough drugs in 6 The term "act on" is understood to mean ing the process for the approval of prescrip­ the issuance of an action letter after the fil­ months and all drugs within 12 months from tion drugs. the time a complete new drug application is ing of an application. The action letter, if it submitted. SECTION 5 (SUNSET) is not an approval, or approvable letter, will set forth in detail the specific deficiencies SECTION 1 (SHORT TITLE) Section 5 provides that the section 3 shall sunset after October 1, 1997, and that section and, where appropriate, the actions nec­ Section 1 provides that the short title is 4 shall sunset after submission of the annual essary to place the application in condition the "Prescription Drug User Fee Act of report for fiscal year 1997. for approval. 1992." SECTION 6 (DIVISION OF CHAPTER 7) INTERIM BACKLOG GOALS SECTION 2 (FINDINGS) Section 6 contains conforming amend­ 1. Eliminate overdue backlog of NDAs Section 2 contains findings indicating that ments that reorganize Chapter 7 of the Fed­ within 24 months of initiation of user fee the user fees will improve the public health eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. payments; that is, review and act on all by speeding up the approval of prescription SECTION 7 (CONFORMING AMENDMENTS) NDAs on CDER's October 1, 1992, overdue drugs. list, within 24 months. SECTION 3 (FEES RELATING TO PRESCRIPTION Section 7 contains conforming amend­ 2. Eliminate overdue backlog of PLAs, DRUGS) ments. ELAs, and amendments to PLAs within 24 Section 3 adds sections 735 and 736 to the months of initiation of user fee payments; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, that is, review and act on the backlog of all Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Rockville, MD, September 14, 1992. Section 735 contains the definitions appli­ PLAs, ELAs, and PLA amendments in CBER Hon. JOHN DINGELL, cable to the Act. on October 1, 1992, within 24 months. Section 736 provides the authority to col­ Chairman, Committee on Energy and Commerce, 3. Eliminate overdue backlogs of efficacy lect user fees for prescription drugs and Washington, DC. and manufacturing supplements to NDAs Hon. NORMAN LENT, specifies how the fees may be spent. within 18 months of initiation of user fee Under section 736(a)(l)(A) and section Ranking Minority Member, Committee on En­ payments; that is, review and act on all effi­ 736(b), after September 1, 1992, the Food and ergy and Commerce, Washington, DC. cacy and manufacturing supplements to Drug Administration ("FDA") will assess a DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN AND RANKING MEMBER: NDAs on CDER's October 1, 1992, overdue As you are aware, the Food and Drug Admin­ list, within 18 months. fee of between $100,000 and $233,000 for each istration (FDA) has been working with rep­ prescription drug application that contains resentatives of the pharmaceutical and bio­ INTERIM APPLICATION GOALS clinical data (data from studies of the effect logical prescription drug industries, and staff FY 1994 55 percent of NDA and PLA/ELA of the drug on humans). The fee will be be­ of your Committee, to design a "user fee" submissions received during FY 1994 are re­ tween $50,000 and $116,500 for all other pre­ proposal. Under this proposal, the additional viewed within 12 months. scription drug applications and for supple­ revenues generated from fees paid by these 55 percent of efficacy supplements/amend­ ments to such applications that contain clin­ industries would be dedicated for use in expe­ ments received during FY 1994 are reviewed ical data. Supplements are requests for a diting the prescription drug review and ap­ within 12 months. change in a prescription drug application proval process, in accordance with perform­ 55 percent of manufacturing supplements/ submitted after the application has been ap­ ance goals that have been developed by FDA amendments received during FY 1994 are re­ proved by the FDA. viewed within 6 months. Sections 736(a)(2) and 736(b) set an annual in consultation with the industries. The Din­ 55 percent of resubmitted applications re­ fee of $60,000 and $138,000 for each facility gell/Waxman draft bill dated September 12, ceived during FY 1994 are reviewed within 6 that manufactures prescription drug prod­ 1992, the "Prescription Drug User Fee Act of months. ucts, and section 736(a)(3) sets an annual fee 1992," reflects the fee mechanisms developed FY 199&-Each of the 55 percent goals of FY of between $6,000 and $14,000 for each pre­ in these discussions. The performance goals 1994 is increased to 70 percent. scription drug product. are specified below. I believe they represent FY 1996-Each of the 55 percent goals of FY Section 736(c) provides that the FDA may a realistic projection of what FDA can ac­ 1994 is increased to 80 percent. increase the user fees to reflect increases in complish, with industry cooperation, and the FY 1997-90 percent of each of the 5-year the Consumer Price Index or in the pay to addition.al resources that would be provided goals is achieved. federal employees. by the bill. FDA to provide annual performance re­ Section 736(d) provides for a reduction of or The goals of the FDA Center for Drug porting on achievement of goals starting No­ exemption from fees where such a reduction Evaluation and Research (CDER) and the vember 30, 1994. Center for Biologics Evaluation and Re­ or exemption is necessary to protect public ADDITIONAL INTERIM GOALS search (CBER) are summarized as follows: health, to prevent the fee from being a sig­ 1. Fifty percent of FDA incremental review nificant barrier to innovation, or because the FIVE-YEAR GOALS (TO BE IMPLEMENTED BY staff recruited and on-board by first quarter fees paid by a manufacturer are greater than SEPTEMBER 30, 1997) of FY 1995. Total staff increment on-board by the costs of the drug approval process attrib­ 1. Review and act on complete Product Li­ end of FY 1997. utable to that manufacturer. cense Applications (PLAs), Establishment 2. Establish an industry/FDA working Section 736(e) provides that the failure to License Applications (ELAs), and New Drug group upon initiation of the user fee program pay any of the fees shall render incomplete Applications (NDAs) for priority applications to develop and oversee joint programs to im­ the applications for approval submitted by within 6 months after submission date. prove review times. the manufacturer who failed to pay the fees. (Major amendments received within 3 3. Implement project management meth­ Section 736(0 provides that the FDA may months of the action due date will extend odology for all NDA reviews within 12 not assess fees after fiscal year 1993 unless the review timeframes by 3 months.) months of initiation of user fee payments, appropriations for salaries and expenses of 2. Review and act on complete PLAs, and for all PLAIELA reviews within 18 the FDA for the fiscal year (excluding user ELAs, and NDAs for standard applications months. fees) are, or are reasonably expected to be, within 12 months after submission date. 4. Implement performance tracking and equal to or greater than the appropriations (Major amendments received within 3 monthly monitoring of CBER performance September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25353 within 6 months of initial user fee payments. Please call us if we can be of assistance at lustrated presented a biased and unbalanced (CDER already has such a program.) any time. picture of The Citadel. While focusing on the 5. Adopt uniform CANDA standards during Sincerely yours, military college's fourth-class syste~fresh­ FY 1995. RoBERT F. ALLNUTT. 6. Initiate a pilot CAPLAR program during man year-and race relations within the corps FY 1993. INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY of cadets, the article accentuated the negative OMB has advised that there are no objec­ ASSOCIATION, and ignored the positive. tions to the presentation of these views from Washington, DC, September 15, 1992. Incidents which occurred a year ago were the standpoint of the Administration's pro­ Subject: FDA User Fee legislation. the emphasis of the article. These were the gram. same incidents which led to an extensive We appreciate the support of you and your Hon. JOHN D. DINGELL, staffs, the assistance of other Members of Chairman, House Energy and Commerce Com­ study of the fourth-class system and under­ the Committee, the Appropriations Commit­ mittee, Rayburn House Office Building, scored the importance of the college's race re­ tee, and the Ways and Means Committee in Washington, DC. lations committee. Progressive changes that reporting a user fee proposal this session. DEAR CHAIRMAN DINGELL: The Industrial resulted from both of these efforts were not Sincerely yours, Biotechnology Association (IBA) is pleased addressed in the article. DAVID A. KESSLER, M.D., to support your bill to amend the Federal Likewise, the following academic accom­ Commissioner of Food and Drugs. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to authorize plishments of The Citadel were not mentioned: prescription drug application, establishment, Exemplary retention rates.-Over the past 3 PHARMACEUTICAL and product fees, as reported this morning by the Health and Environment Subcommit­ years, 7 4.6 percent of white students and 78.6 MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, percent of black students have been retained Washington, DC, September 14, 1992. tee. Hon. JOHN D. DINGELL, We believe that current levels of FDA from their freshman to sophomore year. From Chairman, Committee on Energy and Commerce, funding are woefully inadequate in light of August to May of an academic year, The Cita­ House of Representatives, Washington, DC. the explosion in breakthrough biotechnology del loses less than 17 percent of a freshman DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: The Pharmaceutical products. Approximately 18-20 biotechnology class. These figures rank among the best in Manufacturers Association and its member products are in late stage clinical trials. The the Nation. companies have been working closely with clinical data for these products will be sub­ Above-average graduation rates.-For ca­ staffs of your Committee and Chairman Wax­ mitted to FDA's Center for Biologic Evalua­ dets entering in the fall of 1983 and 1984, 71 man's Subcommittee, as well as the Senate tion and Research (CBER) over the next year. As a result, during FY93, CBER is ex­ percent were graduated by August 1990. This Committee on Labor and Human Resources compares to a national average of 52 percent. and the Food and Drug Administration pected to have three times as many bio­ (FDA), on proposed legislation to enable the technology products under active review as During the same period of time, The Citadel FDA to achieve mutually-agreed-upon goals at any other time since the introduction of graduated 66 percent of the black members of for expediting the prescription drug review the first biotechnology product a decade ago. the corps of cadets compared to a national av­ process, by providing additional resources to The majority of these products will be for erage of 28 percent. the FDA through user fees to be established the treatment of seriously debilitating and Above-average graduation rates for student­ by law. life threatening diseases where there are no athletes. -Of the student-athletes who entered The result to date of these efforts is rep­ adequate existing therapies. Unfortunately, in 1983 and 1984, 82 percent had graduated resented by draft legislation intended to be FDA's ability to provide timely approval of by August 1990. This compares to a national introduced by you and Chairman Waxman. safe and effective new biopharmaceuticals is Having reviewed the current draft of this bill compromised by federal budget limitations. average of 64 percent. Black athletes grad­ (date today with a time of 12:35 p.m.), I am In addition to depriving seriously ill pa­ uated at a rate of 62 percent compared to the pleased to inform you that PMA would sup­ tients early access to important new thera­ national average of 44 percent. port such legislation, and the specific FDA pies, inadequate FDA funding impedes the Data reported last year by the Chronicle of performance goals referenced in the draft ability of the biotechnology industry to be Higher Education reflected that 86 percent of bill and detailed in a letter dated today from an important new source of economic vital­ the football recruits who entered in 1983 had FDA Commissioner Kessler to you and to ity for our country. The U.S. is currently the graduated by August 1989. This was second Senator Kennedy as Chairman of the Labor world leader in the research, development, only to Duke University in the category of col­ and Human Resources Committee of the Sen­ and manufacture of biotechnology products, leges and universities which grant football ate. and has created 70,000 new U.S. jobs in the We understand, of course, that as the legis­ past decade. Our industry is one of the scholarships. lation is considered in the House and Senate, "emerging technologies" identified by the While maintaining high academic standards, there will be Committee reports drafted and President in his State of the Union speech. the athletic program has also experienced possibly revisions to the legislation. Natu­ We are especially pleased that your bill in­ success. The baseball program enjoyed an rally, we reserve the right to review any cludes a provision that reduces by 50% the appearance in the 1990 college World Series such revisions, and the reports to accompany new product application fee for small compa­ and a national ranking of sixth. Success of the the bill, to be certain that the basic reports nies that do not yet have FDA approval for football program is evident in victories over Di­ that we are endorsing can be carried out their first products. As you know, bio­ vision I-A football opponents-Navy, Army, under the legislation as finally enacted, and technology is an industry of small compa­ South Carolina, and Arkansas-national nies, with 97% of U.S. biotechnology compa­ that there are no amendments that would be rankings in the Division I-AA football poll, and inimical to the interests of the research­ nies having fewer than 300 employees and based industry or to the ability of the FDA none of these companies having FDA-ap­ participation in the Division I-AA football play­ to achieve its goals. proved biopharmaceuticals. offs 2 of the last 4 years. We look forward to continuing to work While many of these companies will come As with academic accomplishments, the ath­ with you and your Committee as the legisla­ to exceed the bill's 500-employee threshold letic achievements of The Citadel were not tion goes forward, and, most importantly, we before filing their first applications (and provided to the readers of Sports Illustrated. wish to commit ourselves to close coopera­ thus become ineligible for the reduced fee), Additionally Mr. Speaker, I would like to in­ tion with you in the full review of the re­ some young companies hope that they will troduce into the RECORD the following lead ports called for by Section 4 of the draft leg­ file their first new product applications editorial of Charleston's Post and Courier islation with regard to progress in achieving while still small. The reduced fee schedule dated September 12, 1992, and entitled the goals identified in Section 2(3) of the bill significantly reduces the burden on small and of the collection and application of fees companies with no product revenues. '"Hatchet Job' on The Citadel." It pretty well under the bill. describes the reaction of my community to the We appreciate very much your leadership article in Sports Illustrated. in this effort and your understanding of the "HATCHET JOB" ON THE CITADEL "HATCHET JOB" ON THE CITADEL critical importance of the need to provide The Citadel is no stranger to adverse pub­ user fees to the FDA in a manner to assure HON. ARTHUR RAVENEL, JR. licity. And, like it or not, the institution has that they be additive to the existing FDA brought some of the negative press on itself. baseline appropriations, that they be fully OF SOUTH CAROLINA But an article in the latest edition of Sports dedicated to the approval of new drugs and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Illustrated has justifiably outraged officials biologics, that they be reasonable, and that Wednesday, September 16, 1992 at the military college. In the trade, it's they be based on a long-term commitment what's known as a "hatchet job." by the Government to specific improvements Mr. RAVENEL. Mr. Speaker, an article in Basically, the article, by Rick Reilly, re­ in the new drug and biologics process. the September 14, 1992, edition of Sports II- hashes the traumatic fall of 1991 when four 25354 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 freshmen athletes left amid allegations of recommendations have since been imple­ ald Reagan reminded us last night, history is hazing. But it also reports rumor and one­ mented. For example, freshmen are no longer on the side of freedom. It's on the side of sided accounts as though they are absolute deprived of food in the dining hall as de­ those liberal democratic ideals which gave fact. Further, it ignores changes that have scribed in the article and "hell night" for birth to our nation and inspired the most been made at the school since last fall, not first-year cadets is a thing of the past. revolutionary words the world has ever to mention a key finding of a race relations Neither is there any mention that the heard. Listen: "We hold these truths to be committee. Citadel Race Relations Advisory Committee self-evident, that all men are created equal, Citadel officials obviously were hoping for investigated and found groundless a tele­ endowed by our Creator with inalienable a good press when they were contacted by vision report that a campus club known as rights, among which are life and liberty and Sports Illustrated about doing an article on the Churchill Society had a white suprema­ the pursuit of happiness." (Cheers.) the athletic program. Good, or bad, at least cist taint. The 17-member committee of fac­ Tonight, these ideas of liberal democracy it should have been fair. Instead, it is a vi­ ulty, staff and cadets has nine black mem­ and individual freedom and entrepreneurial cious attack. bers. The chairman of the committee is Col. capital are on the march and winning Lt. Col. Ben. W. Legare, public relations Calvin G. Lyons, who isn't a Citadel grad­ throughout the whole world. Just think: One director, tells us that not even the correc­ uate and describes himself as "a Yankee year ago, reactionary forces in Moscow tried tions he gave one of the magazine's fact­ from Ohio," He is angry that the positive to roll back this democratic revolution, and checkers, who contacted him several times changes on the campus in the past year were they failed. Since then, Boris Yeltsin has be­ before publication, were made. For example, ignored in the article. come Russia's first democratically elected the article concludes by saying The Citadel In fact, the author made virtually no con­ president in over a thousand years. (Cheers/ has finished its investigation of a recent ra­ cession to the possibility that there might be applause.) The statues of Marx and Lenin cial incident and asked the S.C. Law En­ another side to this story. Why, for example, were toppled by the people in Red Square. forcement Division to take over. Col. Legare was the cadet who supposedly had "liquor on The hammer and sickle came down from says SLED has been asked to assist, but the his breath" and "hell in his eyes" not inter­ atop the Kremlin, providentially on Christ­ probe of who hung a string noose above a viewed? Or, if he refused to talk, why weren't mas Day of last year. (Applause.) black cadet's bunk won't be over "until we the readers so informed? That cadet has been Today, Mikhail Gorbachev is a syndicated find out who did it." vocal in other publications. columnist for the New York Times. And be­ The article, complete with lurid illustra­ The fact is that any quotes from the de­ lieve it or not, we find the mayors of St. Pe­ tions, begins with a chilling, dramatic ac­ fenders of the institution are few and far be­ tersburg and Moscow to the right of the count of a cadet being forced to hang by his tween. Our sports department has reported mayors of New York City and Boston. fingers from a closet shelf and warned not to (Cheers/applause.) Several months ago, I that football coach Charlie Taaffe said his have lunch with the former mayor of Mos­ drop, only to later discover that an officer's long interview with the writer was reduced cow. I asked him how he got elected. saber had been placed between his legs. The to a shrug. He said, "Mr. Kemp, I told all the people in cadet identified in the article left the school There's more wrong with the article than state-owned housing that they should have last fall after 21 days on campus, but was pot its lack of fairness. The writing, quite sim­ the right to own their own home. I told them one of the four freshmen athletes who de­ ply, is mean-spirited. For example, the week­ they should have the right to sell them for a parted. ly cadet performance on the parade ground is profit and leave their property to their chil­ School officials, including The Citadel's described as the best and cheapest show in dren." Then the mayor of Moscow said, "I president, Lt. Gen. Claudius E. Watts ill, say town, but nothing more than that-a pledged to make downtown Moscow a free they didn't know of the alleged incident "show." enterprise zone." I said, "Mr. Mayor, where until they read Sports Illustrated. That The writer then went on to critique the did you get these radical ideas? He said, "Mr. raises an obvious question. Why would any uniforms as being "the sort you might get at Kemp, I got them from the 1980 Republican journalist write an article that, in effect, al­ a good Army surplus store, vague grays and platform of Ronald Reagan and George leges the school is a house of horrors without indefinite stripes and tags. The Citadel uni­ Bush." (Cheers/applause.) asking the man in charge about some of the form is the equivalent of a World War II Ladies and gentlemen, communism didn't specifics? Gen. Watts recalls talking with bomber jacket ordered through a catalog." fall. It was pushed. It was our ideas that did the writer about the fourth class system gen­ That's what's called a cheap shot. So is the pushing, and our Republican presidents, erally, but says there was no mention of the much of the article. Ronald Reagan and George Bush, that helped cadet and the saber. Ci tad el officials say the change the world. Now we must change cadet's file contains no complaint of hazing. America. (Cheers/applause.) Our goals for Gen. Watts also says he read in the maga­ JACK KEMP'S INSPIRATIONAL this nation must be nothing less than to dou­ zine for the first time allegations that one of SPEECH ble the size of our economy and bring pros­ the freshmen athletes who left the school perity and jobs, ownership and equality of was the victim of a so-called "blanket opportunity to all Americans, especially party." The general says he personally HON. DICK ZIMMER those living in our nation's pockets of pov­ talked to the cadet in question on several oc­ OF NEW JERSEY erty. Think of what that growth would casions and he never mentioned even the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mean-more jobs, a higher living standard possibility that he had been nearly drowned, for the people, extraordinary opportunities as the article suggests. Wednesday, September 16, 1992 for all Americans, and the resources to meet Actually, the magazine doesn't say the Mr. ZIMMER. Mr. Speaker, at the Repub­ our most ambitious goals, public and pri­ cadet says it happened. It says the cadet has lican National Convention in Houston, HUD vate. But make no mistake: If we're to had a memory block. The article claims Secretary Jack Kemp delivered a speech that change America, we must change the United "sources say" it happened. And then it gives States Congress. (Cheers/applause.) this account as though the sources were eye­ reminded Americans how our Nation achieved We must give President Bush-ladies and witnesses: greatness in the past and affirmed that we can gentlemen-(chants of "Clean House.") You "They dunked Davis's head in the water attain even more greatness in the future. His bet. Clean it up. We need a Republican Con­ five, 10, 15, 20 times. They stopped when he words celebrated the success of the demo­ gress. We need to give President Bush and passed out. cratic ideals that are the foundation of the Re­ Vice President Quayle a Republican Congress That's the kind of writing that says some­ publican Party. I invite my colleagues to re­ to help get America moving again and fi­ thing actually happened, not that it alleg­ view Jack Kemp's inspirational speech. nally wage a winning war against poverty edly happened. Who could provide that kind and despair. (Cheers/applause.) of detail? Only someone who was there, or REMARKS BY SECRETARY OF HOUSING AND My friends, the purpose of a great party is got a report from someone who was there. Is URBAN DEVELOPMENT JACK KEMP not to defeat its opponents. The purpose of a the writer protecting someone who partici­ Thank you very much. (Applause.) Thank great party is to provide superior leadership pated in the crime, or someone who won't you. Thank you, Roger Staubach. (Ap­ and (greater?) cause. It's not to denounce the finger those who did? Or, is he simply repeat­ plause.) Thank you Roger Staubach. It's an past. It's to inspire our nation to a better fu­ ing the figment of someone's imagination as honor to be introduced by a fellow quarter­ ture. This great cause is the same today as it though it were fact? back and an NFL Hall of Farner, and hope­ was when our party was founded. Listen to It's not only the content of the article that fully soon we can call you Governor the words of our founder, Abraham Lincoln. puts it in the "hatchet job" category. It's Staubach or Senator Staubach from the He said, "The progress by which the poor, what has been left out. There is no mention great state of Texas. (Applause.) honest, industrious and resolute man raises that after last year's incidents a citizens Fellow Republicans, fellow Americans, to­ himself is that he may work on his own ac­ committee, headed by community leader night America stands at the doorway of count and hire someone else. This," he said, Hugh C. Lane, was appointed to examine the breathtaking opportunity, on the eve of a "is the great principle for which this govern­ fourth class system. Most of the committee's new century and a new millennium. As Ron- ment was really formed." September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25355 You see, Lincoln believed that in this zone legislation that our party has cham­ families, lower tax rates on the formation of country, capitalism must grow from the bot­ pioned for 12 years, Congress adjourned. La­ capital, lower tax rates on the first-time tom up, not the top down. It must begin on dies and gentlemen, isn't it time we said no homebuyer, and lower tax rates on poor Main Street and extend to Wall Street, not to the Democratic Congress? (Cheers/ap­ Americans who want their shot at the Amer­ the other way around. (Cheers/applause.) plause.) ican dream. We must give it to them. This has a special meaning to me. As a What nerve they have, these Democrats. (Cheers/applause.) young boy growing up in Los Angeles, this The unemployment lines lengthened to 11 My fellow Americans, the liberal Demo­ was my experience. You see, my father was a million, and they stonewalled the Presi­ crats just don't get it. They don't understand truck driver. He earned enough to buy the dent's pleas for action, and then they blamed that you can't create more employees with­ truck, and eventually he and his brother the President, blamed our party for the eco­ out first creating more employers; that you built a small business that put six children nomic decline. What nerve they have to now can't have capitalism without capital. And through college. This is the kind of capital­ step forward and offer more taxation, more we can't expect people to defend property ism we envision for America-the freedom government, more welfare dependency. And rights when they're denied access to prop­ not just to drive a truck, but the chance to then they proclaim-get this-a new Demo­ erty. But when people have a stake in the own the truck, and one day to own a truck­ cratic covenant. Well, let me tell you, as system, they'll not only defend their own ing company, own a home and see your chil­ President Bush's HUD Secretary, I've trav­ property; they'll help their neighbor defend dren go to college. This is America. This is eled throughout this country. I've found cap­ his property as well. (Cheers.) the dream. And this is the cause our party ital and credit are virtually non-existent in You see, this is the message of Los Ange­ must champion in 1992. (Cheers/applause.) our nation's inner cities, and I've seen the les. This is the message of every other pock­ My friends, we don't believe in an America results, and they're devastating. et of poverty in America. We must be the that pursues equality by try to make rich For 50 years, the Democrat Party has dic­ party that gives all people a stake in the sys­ people poor, but an equality that allows poor tated most of the policies that govern our tem and a stake in each other. That's what people, indeed all people, to become rich; not cities-higher taxes, redistribution of wealth the re-election of George Bush means to just rich in creature comforts, but rich in and a welfare system that penalizes people America. We have the ideas. We're on the terms of opportunity to achieve your God­ for working, discourages marriage, punishes side of history. And we must bring alive the given potential. The party of Lincoln does the family and literally, believe it or not, promise of the Declaration of Independence not believe people are a drain on resources. prohibits poor people to save. Ladies and to all people everywhere. We believe people are our resources. gentlemen, it's not the values of the poor Ladies and gentlemen, this is a great (Cheers.) We don't believe that children are that are flawed; it's the values of the welfare cause. We've got a great team. And let me just mouths to feed. They're hearts and system that are bankrupt. (Cheers/applause.) say, as an old football player who played in minds and souls for our future, and they de­ These policies have robbed our cities of this very stadium, we've got a great quarter­ serve our protection after their birth, as vibrance, shattered the link between effort back in George Bush. (Cheers/applause.) And they do before their birth. (Cheers/applause.) and reward. And now the Democrats want to Mr. President-(inaudible chants)-and Mr. We don't believe that compassion should be impose the same failed policies on the rest of President, give 'em hell Thursday night. measured by the size of the safety net. Com­ America. What nerve. Our party offers a bet­ (Cheers/applause.) passion in America must be measured by the ter way. Last year I had the opportunity to number of rungs on the ladder of opportunity tour the home of a wonderful black woman upon which all people can climb. This is named Evelyn Lindsay. After years in public AN AMERICAN ORIGINAL what distinguishes our party from the Demo­ housing and on welfare, thanks to this ad­ crats. The Democrats' new covenant is not ministration's public/private partnerships, new. It's not change. It doesn't put people she finally became a homeowner. After the HON. DEAN A. GALLO first. It puts the government first. It doesn't tour was over, one skeptical reporter asked OF NEW JERSEY empower people. It empowers bureaucracy. It her, "Evelyn Lindsay, how can you guaran­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES doesn't encourage investment and growth. It tee that this house will look as good 10 years Wednesday, September 16, 1992 just spends and spends and spends. from today as it does this day?" Evelyn Mario Cuomo gave away the Democrats' Lindsay looked that reporter in the eye and Mr. GALLO. Mr. Speaker, early this morn­ game plan. (Scattered booing.) Now, wait a said to him, "It'll look better, because for ing, we lost an American original. minute. He gave away the Democrats' game the first time in my life, I own something of The Honorable Millicent Fenwick, who plan just before their convention when he value that I can pass on to my children." served in this House with distinction from 1975 told us that Governor Clinton has the cour­ (Cheers/applause.) Well, ladies and gentle­ to 1982, passed from our midst today after a age to raise our taxes. The Democrats call men, she spoke not only for her family, but full and productive life. that courage. I call it crazy. (Cheers/ap­ for all families. plause.) In this economy, can you imagine Tonight, let us speak for her and for all She leaves us with a great many fond anything more depressing and more destruc­ those Americans who aspire to ownership memories and with a record of service that tive than raising income tax rates and im­ and entrepreneurship, to jobs and upward challenges each and every one of us to re­ posing a surtax on the American people? The mobility, to safety and security, and to the member where we come from when we seek Democrats' plan won't soak the rich. It'll right to send their children to the school of the responsibilities associated with public serv­ just soak the poor, the middle class, and it'll their choice, be it public or private. (Cheers/ ice. drown our economy. applause.) I recall many occasions when she sought We all know what the problem is in Amer­ President Bush was speaking for her when me out to ask my views on the issues of the ica. The economy is starved for capital. he told the public housing residents at Coch­ When capital is taxed heavily, as it is now, it ran Gardens in St. Louis that someday they, day, and shared her insights freely with those becomes scarce, available only to the privi­ too, could own their own homes. He was of us who served in local and State govern­ leged few. The spirit of enterprise and the speaking for them when he told a cheering ment during her tenure in Congress. engine of growth and new jobs is being crowd that the capital gains tax is not a tax She understood that all government is local, smothered. George Bush and our party un­ on the rich; it's a tax on the American and the true test of any government program derstood this back in 1988 when we ran on a dream. He pledged if the system is not help­ is its ability to reach directly to the people. pledge to cut the capital gains tax, index to ing to build a better life, then we must Her work day often began before sunrise stop taxing gains that are due only to infla­ change the system. And we will, and we and continued well into the evening. tion, and eliminate the capital gain tax in must. (Cheers/applause.) our inner-city pockets of poverty. I loved hearing Ronald Reagan last night. In our national political life, Millicent Fenwick In 1989, President Bush asked the Congress (Cheers.) I really did. I loved hearing Presi­ was the epitome of the citizen legislator-an to carry out his mandate, and the Demo­ dent Reagan remind us last night that it's individual who served in public life with grace cratic Congress said no. In 1990 and '91, as not enough to be equal in the eyes of God. and distinction. the economy moved into recession, he asked We want an America in which we are equal She defined the words style and class in repeatedly for action. Congress said no. This in the eyes of each other. Our party offers a Congress. And, she was never afraid to speak year, in the President's State of the Union more powerful vision of America, an Amer­ her mind or to act on the strength of her con­ address, once again he pleaded with Con­ ica committed to prosperity and equality of victions. gress, and again Congress said no. Then, just opportunity, to jobs for all our people. We last week, in a strict party-line vote, the must be the party that unleashes the talents She set an example for us all as a dedi­ United States Senate said no again. And of every single American boy and girl and cated and honest public servant. Those of us tragically, even after the problems of Los every child of God. That's why I'm so proud who have come after her have learned from Angeles, when we begged and asked the of our President's platform. It puts our party her and have tried to live up to her high stand­ Democratic leadership to pass enterprise on the side of lower tax rates on working ards of service. 25356 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to remem­ Parma Childrens Home, Holy Family Home, women, to give of their time and talents to ber the life of a unique individual who made Jones Home, John Marshall High School, Wil­ make the West Park community a better place her mark in this House, and on each and bur Wright Junior High School, Newton D. for all its citizens. I congratulate the members every one of us. Baker Junior High School, Puritas Little of the West Park Kiwanis Club for their out­ Millicent Fenwick's counsel and her friend­ League Baseball, OLA Special School, Young standing record of service on this, their 65th ship will be greatly missed, but her example Challenge, West Park Friends of the Re­ anniversary. will continue to set the standard for us all to tarded, KAMCO, the Fairview Hospital School follow. of Nursing Scholarship program, Safety Town, West Park Meals on Wheels, and children of Special Olympics. A SALUTE TO THE 1992 GENERAL IN HONOR OF THE WEST PARK Tenth, West Park Kiwanis Club was the pio­ EDUCATION DEGREE RECIPIENTS KIWANIS CLUB 65TH ANNIVERSARY neer in furnishing funds and equipment for the first school for retarded children. The late HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR Belle Greve organized this outstanding project. HON. LOUIS STOKFS OF OHIO Even today, West Park Kiwanis' main focus is OF OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to help the physically and mentally handi­ capped children in the area. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, September 16, 1992 The list could literally go on and on. There Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, I stand today to is virtually no facet of our community that has Wednesday, September 16, 1992 honor the 65th anniversary of a vital organiza­ not been touched by the good work of the Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, the importance tion in my community, the West Park Kiwanis West Park Kiwanis Club. Club. The West Park Kiwanis Club was orga­ I would like to recognize the dedicated peo­ of a high school education cannot be over­ nized in 1927 under the sponsorship of the ple who help lead the West Park Kiwanis in emphasized. Unfortunately, there are many Downtown Kiwanis Club, the second club our area today: Les Ackerman, president; Rev. Americans who never complete high school. chartered in Kiwanis International. In 1950, the Lloyd Gross, first vice president; Marge Today, I rise to pay tribute to the General West Park Kiwanis Club had grown in mem­ Butera, second vice president; John Knox, im­ Education Degree [GED] recipients of the bership so well that it organized and spon­ mediate past present; Gary Copen, treasurer; Cleveland Heights/University Heights city sored the Fairview Park Kiwanis Club. Over Clyde V. Payton, secretary; Ray Ebert, editor school district and to the tutors, volunteers, more than 60 years, West Park Kiwanis has emeritus; and Dan Bell, editor. staff and families, who so graciously gave been an important factor in the development When the West Park Kiwanis was founded their time and support to these individuals. of the West Park community. The members in 1927, the charter president was Henry Recently, 70 students from my congres­ have been very instrumental in sponsoring, Reitz, then the mayor of West Park. Since sional district received their General Education funding, promoting, and completing numerous then, a number of prominent citizens have Degree and were honored for this achieve­ projects within the West Park area. I would served in the club: Anthony Celebrezze, ment by the Adult Basic Education program like to mention a few today: former mayor of the city of Cleveland and and at a reception at the Cleveland Heights First, construction of the New York Central former Secretary of Health, Education, and Education Center. On this occasion, many of underpass at West 143d Street and Lorain Av­ Welfare; James Stanton, former Member of these students spoke of their plans to attend enue, thereby eliminating a dangerous railroad Congress and former president of Cleveland college, begin military careers, and enter the crossing. City Council; Councilman George Blaha, ward work force. Each spoke of how they are doing Second, secured better street lighting from 33; Councilman George Usher, Lakewood City something with their lives that would not have West 98th Street to the Rocky River Bridge on Council; Councilman Allen Koson, ward 33. been possible without a diploma. Lorain Avenue. I would be remiss, Mr. Speaker, if I did not Third, organized the first committee to spark mention the past presidents of West Park Mr. Speaker, I would like to commend these the movement to build the new Fairview Park Kiwanis, all of whom are known for their com­ students for their efforts and achievements. Hospital. Club members contributed to and mitment to the community. Since 1927, the fol­ GENERAL EDUCATION DEGREE GRADUATES canvassed the entire West Park area to build lowing people have been president: Horace up the necessary funds to get the building Gwilym, Joseph Schumacher, Ray Yaakov Adler, Lynn Berlocker, Bernard started. Herzberger, J.W. Irwin, William Landphair, Binkofsky, Mildred Borich, Robert Brastoff, Fourth, instrumental in having the Cleveland Herbert Wolzien, Dr. F.B. Jaquays, Joseph Rossie Brown, Richard Burgess, Michael Board of Education approve and build John Kundtz, Paul Nyland, Rev. J.H.L. Trout, Jager Byers, Jason Calloway, Natalie Carriere, Kevin Marshall High School on West 140th Street. Richards, William Meifert, Clarence Braun, Cleveland, Doug Cohen, Michelle Crenshaw, Fifth, constructed, equipped, and maintained Ben Brashwitz, Dr. C.J. Caldwell, Dr. Joseph Juanita Crim, Susan Grismore, Linda Davis, two cabins located in Metropolitan Park. Until Johnson, Charles Angove, Russell Schneider, Shonda Davis, Anissa Dean, Matthew Engle, vandals burned both cabins to the ground, John Deardorff, Dr. Guelzow, Foster Narrows, Malia Fach, Shelley Ferrara, Winsome Fowler, thousands of children used these structures Paul Herrmann, Dr. Roenigk, Ted Myers, Vernelle Franks. for summer camping experiences. Chris Jallos, Russell Jones, J.L. Roberts, Lydia Gerathy, David Greenberg, Deborah Sixth, instrumental in working with the Richard Rummel, William Smith, Jack Meeks, Grimes, Tonya Hamilton, Hattie Harris, Janice Cleveland School Board and the Cleveland Walter Christopher, Raymond Barnett, Sidney Hill, Ann Hudson, Gail Irish, Dmitry lsaliev, Traffic Department in the development and in­ Smith, George DeCrane, Robert Doll, George Bonnie Jackson, Gretel Jex, Bethany John­ stallation of the flashing traffic lights in front of Usher, Frank Herzog, Warren Koenig, William ston, Webber King, Theresa Knight, Rae all the schools. Simpson, James Cornell, John C. Braman, Lasker, Patrick Lavelle, Sandra Leavitt, Dar­ Seventh, originally sponsored, and instru­ William Chambers, Allen Bussman, Ray Mei­ lene Lemmons, Christopher Lewis, Lori Lewis, mental in obtaining the construction of, the im­ ster, Howard Schreibman, Howard Marusa, Nancy Linnert, Mark Lopresto, Marion portant We~t Park YMCA. Rev. Carroll Keegstra, Donald Long, Elbert Lorenzo. Eighth, West Park Kiwanis is the sponsor of Dolar, George Blaha, Brian McCall, Thomas Key Clubs at John Marshall High School and Hackett, Donald Tecco, Glenn Preslan, Russ Muminah Mani, David Manson, Gema St. Joseph High School, and a Builders Club Dunlavey, Rev. John Uhle, Ellie Mapson, Dr. Martinex, Wayne Mathews, Christopher at Luther Memorial School. This is important in Ralph Fintz, Robert Rennette, Steve Zaman, Mccree, Donna Puleo-McKinney, Ruby Miller, teaching the junior and senior students about Dr. Fred Domingo, Fred Garlitz, and Dr. Wal­ Bernadette Motley, Aiesha Muhammed, Com­ leadership and responsibility in their commu­ ter Lewin. fort Nwideeduh, Kathleen Platt, Eugene Rice, nity. I am proud to honor the fine citizens and Jacob Saar, Bobbie Satterley, Martha Scarver, Ninth, over the years, money and equipment community leaders who make the West Park Pat Semenak, Rich Sidoti, Sue Sunley, Re­ have been presented to the Cleveland Chris­ Kiwanis Club such a positive force in our lo­ becca Szabados, Patrick Taylor, Shirley tian Childrens Home, Childrens Aid Society, cality. The West Park Kiwanis Club stands Thompson, Willie Vickers, Ebrahiem Williams, Berea Childrens Home, Camp Cheerful, ready. as a group of dedicated men and and Erma Wingfield. September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25357 JUDITH H. STANLEY-1992 WHAT CAN BE DONE TO ENSURE how good a given group of workers will be. VERDANT AWARD WINNER MORE GOOD JOBS? American workers, when called upon, have generally measured up. But too often their employers have not given them the respon­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON sibility or specialized training necessary to HON. FRANK PAll.ONE, JR. OF INDIANA be highly productive. OF NEW JERSEY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The importance of management is illus­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 trated by the General Motors-Toyota joint IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES venture in Fremont, California. Toyota Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to agreed to manage a GM plant that had been Wednesday, September 16, 1992 insert my Washington Report for Wednesday, closed in large part because of absenteeism September 9, 1992, into the CONGRESSIONAL and low productivity. Toyota hired back Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, on Saturday, RECORD: most of the plant's former workers, but in­ September 19, 1992, the Monmouth Con­ WHAT CAN BE DONE To ENSURE MORE Goon troduced major changes in the way they servation Foundation of Monmouth County, JOBS? were used. Within two years, productivity NJ, will celebrate its 15th anniversary with a For much of this century the U.S. Econ­ and quality rose almost to the levels "Hot Country Night." Foundation members will omy provided well-paying jobs for less­ achieved by Toyota in its Japanese plants. also take their hats off to their founder and skilled workers. Particularly in the 1950s and New forms of work organization, often pio­ president, Mrs. Judith H. Stanley of Middle­ 1960s, the gap between blue- and white-collar neered abroad, push responsibility and au­ thority downward in the corporate hier­ town. Mrs. Stanley will be presented with the wages was relatively narrow. But in recent years international trade and technology archy, from line managers and staff engi­ 1992 Verdant Award for her untiring work, in­ have seriously hurt America's blue-collar neers to shopfloor workers. The goal is to get spired leadership, and major contributions to­ middle class, and the gap in income between workers to think continually about how ward saving open space to benefit Monmouth high school and college graduates has wid­ their job can be done better; to be more flexi­ County, its citizens, and future generations. ened dramatically. ble, so they can take on more than one job; Although many U.S. firms have tried to and to care about the quality of the work The Verdant Award is granted yearly by the compete by keeping wages low and not in­ they do. foundation to an individual, public or private vesting in their workers, most experts be­ INVESTMENT IN TRAINING organization, company, corporation, or munici­ lieve that is a losing strategy in an increas­ ingly global economy. For an advanced coun­ High-performance workplaces require high­ pality making a major contribution in the pur­ ly-trained workers. Yet American firms gen­ suit or preserving the last remaining open try such as ours, the only sustainable advan­ tage is a talented and adaptive workforce ca­ erally invest less in worker training than spaces in Monmouth County. I can think of no pable of using the latest technologies and firms abroad, and what they do invest is one more deserving of this prestigious award reaching ever-higher levels of productivity. more heavily concentrated on professional than Judith Stanley. Mrs. Stanley has served Top priority must be given to improving the and managerial workers. Autoworkers in as president of the foundation since its begin­ skills of our workers. Japan get more than three times as much ning in 1977. Under her leadership the foun­ Certainly several other steps are needed training each year as workers in U.S. plants too. For starters, Congress and the president managed by GM, Ford, or Chrysler. dation proudly points to over 2,000 acres of must address some basic problems in the If industry underinvests in training, so open spaces saved in Monmouth County. As overall economy. We need to reduce the does the U.S. government. For every $1 in a private, nonprofit land conservation group, enormous federal budget deficit and raise the federal funds spent on the post-secondary the foundation must raise the necessary funds level of national savings. Those actions will education of a non-college bound student, $55 to operate the organization and to acquire bring down long-term interest rates and in is spent subsidizing one going to college. The lands through a revolving land fund. Mrs. turn encourage firms to invest in plant and governments of Britain and France spend Stanley has been the major fundraiser over equipment. In addition, we need to attack more than twice as much as the U.S. on post­ the problem of skyrocketing health costs, secondary training of non-college bound in­ the course of the foundation's history. which is a major deterrent to job creation. dividuals; Germany spends more than three Judith Stanley is a philanthropist and public We should ensure that foreign markets are times as much. servant well known throughout Monmouth open to our products, tighten up on illegal American firms are reluctant to provide immigration of unskilled workers, keep worker training largely because they fear County and the entire State of New Jersey. A down burdensome taxes on business, and cut lifelong resident of Monmouth County, she is that employees will leave for better jobs and back unnecessary regulates and federal man­ the firm will lost its investment in training. a graduate of Smith College, and she worked dates. Policymakers can also help our indus­ Japanese companies, with their system of as a teacher and newspaper reporter before tries by making the R&D tax credit perma­ lifetime employment, don't face the same devoting her . full time to community service. nent, shifting more federal dollars from de­ problem. The list of her affiliations is, indeed, a long fense research to civilian, and expanding One possible solution is for government to one. She has served as a trustee of MCOSS, "manufacturing extension" programs, which require firms to spend a specified amount on help small- to mid-size firms adopt the latest worker training. For example, France man­ New Jersey's largest home health care agen­ technology. cy, since 1964; as president from 1976 to But there is a growing realization that the dates that firms spend one percent of sales 1984, and as chairman since 1984. She skills of American workers are becoming our on employee training or else put that amount into a government fund to finance served as chairman of the New Jersey High­ key competitive weapon in making the tran­ sition to an economy with more good jobs, public training programs. Alternatively, the way Authority from 1983 to 1988, and she federal government might grant tax credits founded the Garden State Arts Center Foun­ better able to compete globally. What can industry and government do to improve the to firms that invest in training. A more am­ dation, which contributes to senior citizens, skills of our workers? bitious proposal would set up a training ac­ count for every American, funded through disabled people, and children in need from K-12 SCHOOLS throughout the State. She has served in a payroll tax deductions. Individuals could American corporations have been quick to draw on this fund to pay for university train­ wide range of other governmental and com­ blame the K-12 education system for their munity service organizations. ing or to reimburse their employer for on­ workers' lack of preparation, and solving the-job training. And as for training not skills. Mrs. Stanley resides in Middletown, and is The difficulty is not so much that our funded or required by government, the con­ the mother of four daughters. Although she is schools and students have declined, but that struction industry illustrates one solution active in the opposite political party, I consider much of the rest of the world has surpassed that might be applied elsewhere. Because no her a friend and an ally. Judith Stanley and I us-particularly with respect to the perform­ single employer would be willing to train have worked together on many of the same ance of the bottom half of the population. workers who are so mobile, construction American public schools, even in their hey­ unions negotiate agreements that require all causes, most prominently the effort to keep area firms that employ workers in a particu­ our beautiful Monmouth County clean and day, tended to neglect less-talented students. By contrast, the strength of the K-12 edu­ lar trade to pay for multi-year training. green. On the occasion of this well-deserved cation system in many Asian and European CONCLUSION tribute, I am proud to add my voice to the countries is its ability to pull up the bottom The prime responsibility for workplace or­ many other concerned citizens of Monmouth half. ganization and training rests with the pri­ County paying tribute to a lady whose unceas­ WORKPLACE ORGANIZATION vate sector. But industry on its own typi­ ing efforts have led to the betterment of our Central as education is, corporate manage­ cally invests less in workplace skills than is community. ment is equally important in determining desirable from the standpoint of overall soci- 25358 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 ety. Thus government has a role in bringing TRIBUTE TO THE AMERICAN SOCI­ erage of the Republican National Convention about a higher level of investment. There are ETY OF HOSPITAL PHARMACISTS was like an organized attack. Joe Trippi, a lit:r many ways to accomplish this. But execu­ eral Democratic political consultant, even tives and politicians alike first need to ac­ knowledge that America's ability to compete HON. CONSTANCE A. MORELLA agreed recently on National Public Radio that in the 21st century will depend, above all, on OF MARYLAND press coverage had been strongly biased in the talents of its workers. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES favor of Governor Clinton. In regard to this, I would like to call to the Wednesday, September 16, 1992 attention of my colleagues and other readers Mrs. MORELLA. Mr. Speaker, I am de­ of the RECORD an article written by Paul TOWN OF GLASTONBURY, CON- lighted to call to the attention of my colleagues Greenberg, editorial page editor of the Arkan­ NECTICUT CELEBRATES 300TH the 50th anniversary of the American Society sas Democrat Gazette in Little Rock and a na­ ANNIVERSARY of Hospital Pharmacists, located in Bethesda, tionally syndicated columnist, which was print­ MD in my congressional district. ed in the September 16, 1992, edition of the For the past century, the society has rep­ Washington Times. resented institutional pharmacists meeting the HON. BARBARA 8. KENNELLY HEARTS THAT BEAT AS ONE? challenge of patient care wherever they OF CONNECTICUT Dear Diary: Appeared on a panel discussion serve-from big teaching hospitals and rural last week. Good company. Same old topic: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES health facilities to health maintenance organi­ The press, currently going under alias of The Wednesday, September 16, 1992 zations and other managed care settings; from Media, as in Medusa. Last seen everywhere. ambulatory care clinics and home health care The inevitable question: Is the press bi- Mrs. KENNELLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today programs to nursing homes and other long­ ased? to mark the start of a year-long 300th anniver­ term care facilities. The answer: Is a bluebird blue? sary celebration for the town of Glastonbury, As a professional organization representing Next week's topic: Is the world round? more than 25,000 health care practitioners in That the press is biased has become part of CT. conventional wisdom, which is the usual fate The tercentennial celebration is being or­ the clinical setting, ASHP's chief goal is to of the obvious. The one thing that escapes chestrated by three vitally important entities: help its members meet rapidly changing pa­ the eagle eye of the press is the obvious. We the town of Glastonbury's Tercentenary Com­ tient needs in today's complex pharmacy prac­ have a genius for the unconventional, the ob­ mittee; the Glastonbury Historical Society; and tice environment. The society carries out these scure, the irrelevant and, above all, and the First Church of Christ Congregational. A responsibilities using several techniques. below all the trivial. (That may help explain One is by setting standards for the use of the quality of this presidential campaign.) plethora of activities will mark this commemo­ After all, why tell the public what it can rative year. Picnics, concerts, candlelight his­ practicing pharmacists. These standards, re­ viewed and revised as needed to reflect a dy­ plainly see? We inky wretches of the press torical house tours, apple harvest festivals, have elevated ourselves to the gnostics of canoe races, and a birthday pageant are but namic profession, exert an enormous influence American politics. a few highlights already planned for this com­ on the quality of pharmacy care provided both One need not specify in which way the bias memorative year. in this country and abroad. runs. That's so obvious it's understood: In Another technique is to respond quickly to favor of liberals, now known as moderates, Located about 1O miles from Hartford on the health care emergencies as they arise. Last however immoderate their views, and east bank of the Connecticut River, Glaston­ year, ASHP encouraged pharmacists in the in­ against conservatives, often known as ultra­ bury was first settled in 1650 by farmers from stitutional setting to share influenza vaccine conservatives, anti-choice voters, the radical the town of Wethersfield who ferried across with one another's facilities when it became right, and Them. the river to till the pastoral and fertile soil with As in most philosophical disagreements, apparent that some sections of the country victory goes to whoever seizes the high crops of corn, fruits, and other crops. In 1693, were encountering critical shortages. Glastonbury declared its independence and in­ ground: the language. The title of Moderate Yet another technique for improving the de­ is the Little Round Top of this engagement, corporated as a separate municipality. The livery of pharmacy care is through the continu­ and the press occupied it for Bill Clinton at town flourished as an agriculture center and ing education of pharmacists. ASHP's week­ the outset of the campaign. (See "The added numerous saw and grist mills to assist long midyear clinical meeting is the largest Anointed/Bill Clinton, Nominee-elect," by their commerce. As the shipping trade esca­ pharmacy educational meeting in the world. Sidney Blumenthal, The New Republic, Feb. lated in New England, Glastonbury saw a Finally, ASHP members have available to 3, 1992.) thriving shipbuilding business develop. There them an array of publications, products, and Sure the press has its share of right-wing were a multitude of Glastonbury-built schoo­ services to enhance their expertise in meeting zanies, too. (Watch this space.) And yes, the ners, brigs, and sloops frequenting the West usual critics on the left argue that the press the needs of their patients. Among these are is biased, but against them. The more honest Indian trade routes. Glastonbury's population the American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy and observant of them will not say news cov­ grew from 2,700 in 1800 to 4,200 in 1900. and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, erage favors the right, but rather the center Later as small manufacturing firms sprung up the only pharmacy journal providing abstracts or center-left, or wherever Bill Clinton is at in town to diversify the employment base, of pharmacy research from around the world. the moment. No one dares call him left-wing Glastonbury also became a bedroom commu­ Mr. Speaker, the American Society of Hos­ or liberal except Republicans. nity for individuals who worked in Connecti­ pital Pharmacists and its members have been Stipulation: This charge of bias applies to cut's capital city of Hartford. leaders in the use of pharmaceuticals over the the media in general, as an institution, as a culture, as-forgive ~e-a Lifestyle. Not to As all of the 29,000 inhabitants of Glaston­ last 50 years. I am pleased to recognize them every single member, including William F. bury know, Glastonbury is a special place. Its for their service and wish them well for the fu­ Buckley and Rush Limbaugh. There are nu­ sense of community is embodied in the nu­ ture. merous exceptions to the domination of the merous civic,' governmental, and social service Left (on talk radio, for example, and out in organizations that are an integral ingredient to the country) but the bicoastal culture sets HEARTS THAT BEAT AS ONE? the fabric of this most historical town. People the style. in Glastonbury care about each other; they The news angles and politically correct language filter down from Washington and care about providing education to young peo­ HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR. OF TENNESSEE New York. The party line doesn't need to be ple; and they care about the environmental enforced, just pronounced in the right places, health of their agricultural and open space re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the Young Upwardly Mobile news types sources. Glastonbury is a suburban town on Wednesday, September 16, 1992 in the business fall into line. Fashion and the move; but very cognizant of their earliest Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, the bias of the peer pressure are a lot more powerful in this country than anything so ·brutish as censor­ beginnings and uniqueness among Connecti­ national news media in this year's Presidential cut's other 168 towns. ship. election has become so obvious it simply can Note the different receptions accorded the Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join me no longer be denied. media at the national conventions. The and the citizens of Glastonbury in heralding Walter Goodman, the television columnist Democrats tolerated, even welcomed, the the start of the Glastonbury tercentennial. for the New York Times, said the media cov- media. The Republicans stood up and jeered September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25359 at the TV boxes high above the Astrodome. THE MANAGED COMPETITION ACT issue of Consumer Reports makes a good at­ (One of the more popular buttons at the Re­ OF 1992-TOUGH MEDICINE FOR tempt to rate health plans in this manner. publican confab read: "It's All My Fault­ THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM The information in the new reports would in­ l'm With the Media.") People don't have to clude cure rates for common diseases like ear be told who their friends are, or who wishes A. infections, the years of life added to patients then ill. They can sense the obvious. HON. MICHAEL ANDREWS OF TEXAS with major diseases like cancer, and evalua­ This is more than a political dispute; it's a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions of prevention efforts. Collecting such cultural divide. Being Republican or Demo­ data will take time. Initially, the reports will be cratic is only part of it. This Kulturkampf Wednesday, September 16, 1992 based on current measurements of quality, separates puritan from cavalier, Hollywood Mr. ANDREWS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I am like board certification of physicians. from Main Street, and the adversary culture proud to join with Congressmen JIM COOPER The health plan proposed by President from the straight-and-narrow. Advocates of and CHARLIE STENHOLM and 14 of our col­ George Bush asks individuals to make deci­ the New Covenant confront those who still leagues in introducing the Managed Competi­ sions abouf the cost and quality of health care cleave to the Old. Believers in regulation tion Act of 1992. every time they get sick. But this system will fight the apostles of deregulation. It's Managed competition has become an at­ not lead to real competition since cost is the condoms vs. abstinence. National Industrial tractive solution in the health care debate be­ last concern of someone who is sick. Would Policy vs. the free market. The press vs. Cap­ cause it attacks the reasons for the soaring most parents be willing to compromise the ital-D Decency, Hillary vs. Marilyn, Barbara, cost of health care. Unlike other Democratic quality of care for a sick child to save a few and maybe Tipper, Al and Bill. proposals, the Managed Competition Act puts dollars? The culture gap hasn't been this clear people, not the Government, in the driver's Small businesses benefit directly from the since the Lost Generation took on the Holy seat of the health care system. Price con­ Managed Competition Act. Right now, small Rollers in the '20s, and H.L. Mencken was trols-the basis for many other proposals­ businesses pay up to 40 percent of the health covering William Jennings Bryan's last didn't work in the 1970's. They won't work premiums to insurance company overhead. stand at the Scopes trial-about as objec­ tively as National Public Radio covered today. The bill would set up purchasing groups for Nicaragua. Only Mencken had the honor not Competition has a bad reputation in health each region of a State. Small businesses will to pretend to objectivity. care because it has not held down costs. In­ have all the same buying power as large com­ surance companies today compete by avoid­ If any documentary evidence of bias is panies. needed, there is the news and editorial cov­ ing covering unhealthy people. Providers com­ Low-wage workers and the unemployed erage in the New York Times, The Washing­ pete by providing the most expensive care would receive substantial financial assistance ton Post, and New Republic. One the eve of available. Because the person receiving the to pay for health care. The Government would the Republican Convention, the Times ran a health care is not the person paying for it, no pay about 60 percent of the cost of a health lead story on the front page quoting entirely one demands value for what we are spending. plan for a family of four with an income of unidentified sources saying George Bush was Physicians report to me that patients with $20,000. planning to bomb Baghdad the night of his minor ailments often demand an MRI-one of The Managed Competition Act could turn acceptance speech. A typical news judgment the most expensive ways to take a picture of the American health care system into the envy from American journalism's cultural elite. the body. When someone else pays most of of the world. It is an American solution born of Conservatives are again taking refuge in Lit­ the bill, what is the incentive for the physician American principles of individual responsibility, tle Magazines, like National Review. and patient to say no if there's a remote competition, and compassion. The press is on an "anti-Bush kick" and chance it could show something? Under man­ "stories have set an unrelenting positive aged competition, the health plan would have tone about Clinton that contrasts sharply the incentive to determine how many MRl's AFRICAN-AMERICAN CULTURAL with the skeptical, adversarial stance toward make sense to keep people healthy. Physi­ AND HERITAGE FESTIVAL Bush." No, that bulletin does not come from cians could show patients statistics to prove Accuracy in Media or any of the Right's that MRl's seldom help solve minor ailments. HON. FRANK PALLONE, JR. other media watchdogs, but from Mickey It is no wonder that health care costs are OF NEW JERSEY Kaus of the New Republic, who describes out of control. A third-party payment system­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES himself as a "liberal activist." whether it is insurance companies or the Gov­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 Consider how differently the media treated ernment-will never ensure value for our Gennifer Flowers and Anita Hill. Both made health care dollars. Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, on Saturday, unsubstantiated charges against different As much as one-third of medical care has September 19, 1992, the Garden State Arts men; one becomes a joke and the other a her­ no benefit to the patient. Managed competition Center in Holmdel, NJ, will be the site of the oine. (If either had more circumstantial evi­ challenges physicians to use only those treat­ fifth annual African-American Cultural and Her­ dence to offer, surely it was Miss Flowers, ments that produce positive outcomes for pa­ itage Festival. This festival has quickly grown with her tapes and state job.) It wasn't just tients. Consumers should not have to pay for into a major event, attracting thousands of the class factor of the checkbook journalism the mistakes made by physicians and hos­ people from throughout the State of New Jer­ that made the difference in how the estab­ pitals. sey for a day of friendship, fun and, most of lishment treated each accuser. It was the The Managed Competition Act challenges all, pride. media's own predilections. the worn out idea that the Government can do While there are several festivals celebrating Finally, suppose George Bush had per­ a better job of running the health care market African history and culture in various locations mitted the execution of a self-lobotomized than real competition. The political leaders and around the State of New Jersey during the black man convicted of murder? Is there any bureaucrats in Washington, DC, will never course of the year, this event is the only one doubt that the best known name at this have the clout to make the tough choices with a statewide orientation. Visitors can avail point in the campaign would be Rickey Ray stick. We have to use market forces to weed themselves of an impressive exhibit of artwork Rector? George Bush would have been de­ out inefficient providers and insurance compa­ and crafts in the brilliant styles and traditions nounced from coast to coast (though perhaps nies. of Africa. In addition to this tribute to the cul­ not in between) as a killer, racist, and The public does not have the information to tural heritage, festival organizers work hard bloody opportunist who used capital punish­ evaluate physicians and hospitals. In fact, the every year to present a program of young, up­ ment to prove he wasn't soft on crime. The only quality information we have is the death and-coming talent in music, dance, and other resulting uproar would have been made the rates in hospitals. And few people even known fields of entertainment. Festival attendees can brouhaha over the Willie Horton commercial it's available. only enjoy a wide selection of foods and nov­ four years ago look as unjustified as it was. The Managed Competition Act asks the elty items supplied by vendors from through­ Instead, Bill Clinton presided over the exe­ public to make up their minds about price and out the State. cution, and Rickey Ray Rector is not only a quality every time they select a health plan. In New Jersey, and in the United States as dead man but a forgotten one. For each health plan, people will have one a whole, Americans of African descent have The prosecution rests. price and one report on quality. The August made enormous contributions to our society in 25360 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 every field of endeavor. The African-American and Spencer, in which coal is mined. The to demonstrate these non-traditional power community is a community whose presence in total coal produced from these three coun­ generating and pollution control concepts. America goes back for centuries. Yet, sadly ties in 1990 was approximately 1.1 million Broad coal technology research is also being and to our great shame, the struggle for re­ tons. Currently Dubois has five operations undertaken by several universities, includ­ actively producing coal, Perry has one, and ing Purdue University's Coal Research Cen­ spect and full acceptance for African-Ameri­ Spencer has eight. During the past ten years, ter. cans is not over. All Americans, black and a total of $2.5 million of state-federal funds INDUSTRY OUTLOOK white, must face up to the fact that the ugly has been spent to remedy environmental Several other challenges face the U.S. coal specter of racism still haunts our Nation. I problems associated with mining and to re­ industry. The current, relatively low cost of hope that Saturday's festival will help provide claim mining areas in the three counties. Re­ oil is an obstacle to the increased use of coal, a renewed sense of pride and strength for cently the state announced that Spencer and has dampened interest in capital invest­ members of the African-American community, county will receive an additional $180,000 in ment for producing synthetic fuels from particularly young people. I also hope that the federal funds to reclaim 75 acres. coal. Other countries are boosting coal pro­ festival will serve to teach some Caucasian­ COAL AND THE U.S. ECONOMY duction and penetrating traditional U.S. Americans about the profound beauty of the Coal plays an important role in helping markets abroad. Many foreign countries sub­ African heritage. America's economy grow, while making the sidize their domestic production, which I would like to pay tribute to some of those U.S. less vulnerable to imported petroleum. hurts the competitiveness of American coal Coal mining contributes $21 billion annually exports. hardworking individuals whose efforts have to the U.S. economy and provides employ­ The coal portion of the energy bills re­ made Saturday's festival possible, including ment for approximately 130,000 miners and a cently approved by the House of the festival chairman, Mr. Ron Mathis, the total of 1.1 million workers throughout the Representives and the Senate, are likely to chairman of the board, Mr. Julian Robinson, a industry. American coal is shipped to 50 become law, underscores the importance of New Jersey highway authority commissioner, countries and generates more than $4 billion coal use. Both bills extend the Clean Coal and founder Clinton Crocker. Proceeds from annually on the positive side of the nation's Program. trade balance. The chief advantage of coal is Worker retraining is another area affecting the African-American Festival, with other eth­ the coal industry. Advances in mining mech­ nic festivals at the Arts Center, will go to the that it is a major source of energy for which America has enormous reserves. In terms of anization have cost almost 100,000 miners cultural fund, helping senior citizens, disabled oil equivalency, the coal reserves of the their jobs since 1980, including 900 in Indiana. people, and children throughout New Jersey. United States are greater than world oil or Several bills have been introduced, but not natural gas reserves. acted upon, in Congress to expand employee retraining and employment opportunities to COAL IN INDIANA ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES individuals in high unemployment areas. Ef­ The primary disadvantage of coal is the po­ forts such as these would not only provide tentially damaging effect its recovery and opportunities for displaced workers, but also HON. LEE H. HAMILTON use can have on the environment. As a result would be a long-term investment in our com­ OF INDIANA there are several complex challenges facing munities and national prosperity. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the industry and its continued growth. First, Coal will continue to play an important Wednesday, September 16, 1992 coal-fired power plants contribute to the role in providing for U.S. energy needs. The acid rain problem. Acid rain results when success of expanded coal use will depend Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to sulfur oxides from coal combustion mix with heavily on the success of clean coal tech­ insert my Washington report for Wednesday, chemicals in the atmosphere to produce nology. Indiana has a major stake in the suc­ September 16, 1992, into the CONGRESSIONAL rainfall With increased acidity. Acid rain can cess of this technology. RECORD: cause damage to monuments and buildings, sensitive plants and wildlife, rivers and COAL IN INDIANA streams, and possibly human health. Second, Coal is an energy source which is impor­ MILLICENT FENWICK: A many scientists believe that carbon dioxide MARVELOUS LADY tant to the United States and Indiana. It is produced by burning coal and other fossil a relatively small, but vital industry in Indi­ fuels contributes to the greenhouse effect by ana. In an era of enhanced environmental trapping the sun's heat in the atmosphere HON. ROBERT A. ROE awareness, coal faces several complex chal­ and eventually causing major changes in the OF NEW JERSEY lenges. world's climate. Third, the coal industry IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FACTS ABOUT INDIANA COAL faces the requirement to restore the land to Wednesday, September 16, 1992 Although coal production constitutes less a condition matching its original use before than 1% ($860 million) of Indiana's annual coal was mined. Fourth, coal mining activi­ Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, I was deeply sad­ economy, it contributes a strong economic ties frequently come into contact with water dened this morning to learn of the death of my base in several primarily agricultural coun­ resources. For example, the very act of coal former colleague and dear friend, Millicent ties by providing employment to 4,200 work­ extractions modifies the ground water sys­ Fenwick. She was a marvelous lady and true ers. Coal furnishes 99% of Indiana's elec­ tem around a mine. Lessening potent~ally leader who served New Jersey in the House harmful environmental impacts has long tricity and most of Indiana's coal is of Representatives for 8 years with personal consumed in-state by electric generating been a concern. utilities. Because of these concerns, Congress has es­ flair and great distinction. Indiana's coal reserves cover an area ap­ tablished several programs to control the en­ Millicent Fenwick's entire career dem­ proximately 6,500 square miles located in the vironmental problems associated with the onstrated her independence, common sense, southwestern portion of the state. Coal is coal. The Clean Air Act provides strict re­ and integrity. She will be sorely missed by ev­ mined in 19 counties. In recent years the an­ quirements for preventing and controlling eryone. nual production in Indiana has ranged be­ major air pollutants. The Clean Water Act She was known as the pipe-smoking grand­ tween 30 and 35 million tons. Indiana cur­ sets guidelines for coal mine water dis­ mother, but she was much more than that. rently ranks as the 9th largest coal-produc­ charges and requires coal operators regularly She was a lady of intelligence and courage ing state and ranks 10th in identified coal re­ to sample and analyze the water from the serves with 33 billion tons. There are ap­ mines. The Surface Mining Control and Rec­ who refused to bow or defer to any estatr proximately 45 active coal mining operations lamation Act establishes strict requirements lished powers in this body. in the state, which range from small mines to ensure that surface-mined land be re­ It was a huge benefit for the Nation and for of less than 100 acres to larger mines of ap­ turned at least to its premining condition. New Jersey that Millicent Fenwick, after a suc­ proximately 10,000 acres. Most of the coal in Although industry compliance with these cessful career as a writer and editor with Indiana is currently being recovered by sur­ laws is costly, the result has been clear bene­ Vogue magazine, decided to follow her family face mining. However, within the next few fits for America-cleaner air, improved tradition of public service. decades most of the reserves will be pri­ water quality, and enhanced protection of She was elected to Congress in 197 4, at marily recoverable by underground mining land resources. the age of 64, and represented the people of methods. Indiana coal is high-volatile bitu­ Congress also has established the Clean minous with a relatively high sulfur content. Coal Program, which provides federal fund­ New Jersey's Fifth District for 8 years before High sulfur coal is associated with environ­ ing, matched by private industry, to re­ retiring. Before that, she had served in the mental problems like acid rain. search and develop clean coal technology. As State Assembly for 3 years. The newly redrawn 9th Congressional Dis­ a result of this program, 35 projects, includ­ On her retirement in 1987, she was the U.S. trict now has three counties, Dubois, Perry ing three in Indiana, have been undertaken Ambassador to the U.N. Food and Agriculture September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25361 Organization, a post that was suited to her capacity, General Berkman continued to help CONGRESSMAN KILDEE HONORS overriding passion to help less fortunate peo­ determine the shape, size, and mission of the EDWARD THORNE ple throughout the world. reserve components. She was also extremely proud of her instru­ General Berkman's military accomplish­ HON. DALE E. Kil.DEE mental role in establishing the Helsinki Com­ ments are mirrored by his successes in civilian OF MICHIGAN mission to monitor compliance with the 1975 life. He received his A.B. from the University IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Helsinki Treaty on human rights. of California at Berkeley in 1950, and his law Wednesday, September 16, 1992 Her other posts indicated her broad and var­ degree from Berkeley's Boalt Hall School of ied interests. She was New Jersey's first di­ Law in 1957. He followed that with a success­ Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, it is with great rector of the Division of Consumer Affairs. For ful law practice in San Francisco. He is a pride that I rise before you today to pay tribute 14 years, she was vice chair of the New Jer­ member of the State Bar of California, the Bar to a great educator and former colleague, Ed­ sey Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commis­ of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, ward Thorne who is retiring after 36 years of sion on Civil Rights, and she was a lifetime the Federal Bar Association and the American exemplary service to the Flint community member of the National Association for the Bar Association. He is a past president of the schools. In recognition of Ed's extraordinary Advancement of Colored People. Civil Affairs Association, and a member of nu­ career, his colleagues have organized a retire­ Millicent Fenwick was truly distinctive in this merous professional and military associations. ment dinner to be held in the Ontario Room of body, as she devoted much of her time to en­ the University of Michigan, in my hometown of gaging in floor debate, with her regular battles During his military career, General Berkman Flint, on Thursday, September 17 at 5:30 p.m. for tax fairness for married couples, her advo­ was awarded the Defense Distinguished Serv­ Raised in Fairmont, WV, Edward Thorne is cacy for the environment, and against special ice Medal, Army Distinguished Service Medal a graduate of Fairmont High School and interests. with oak-leaf cluster, Defense Superior Serv­ earned a bachelors degree from Fairmont She served in Congress for four terms but ice Medal, three Legion of Merit Awards from State College. He served in the Air Force dur­ she added much to our Nation. Her contribu­ the Army, Navy, and Coast Guard, Meritorious ing the Korean war as a control tower opera­ tions were many, both on a substantive level Service Medal, Army Commendation Medal, tor. Ed continued to pursue his education after and a personal level. Millicent Fenwick will be and numerous other commendations. moving to Michigan, earning a masters degree missed, but what she gave to her State and Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like to ask from Eastern Michigan University and attend­ the Nation will be remembered for a long time my colleagues to join me in recognizing a ing graduate school at the University of Michi­ to come. dedicated soldier and a successful profes­ gan, Michigan State University, and Oakland sional, a man who manifests the best that is University. within us, Maj. Gen. William R. Berkman. Ed joined the Flint schools in 1956 as a A TRIBUTE TO MAJ. GEN. physical education teacher at Civic Park WILLIAM R. BERKMAN School, where he also served as community school director. In 1960, Ed moved from Civic HON. JAMFS L OBERSTAR TRIBUTE TO RICHARD H. AUSTIN Park to Homedale School, serving 3 years as OF MINNESOTA community school director until 1963, when he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was granted a leave of absence to work as a consultant in community development and as­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 HON. DAVID E. BONIOR sistant professor at Northern Michigan Univer­ Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Speaker, I stand today OF MICHIGAN sity. to pay tribute to a fellow native of Chisholm, IN THE HOUSE OJ:t~ REPRESENTATIVES Ed Thorne returned to the Flint schools in MN, who has recently completed a commend­ 1964 and was appointed community school di­ able career with the U.S. Army Reserve. Wednesday, September 16, 1992 rector for Zimmerman Junior High School. In Maj. Gen. William R. Berkman retired last Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, on the evening 1966, Ed joined the Flint schools administra­ month following 42 years of service to his tion, becoming one of three regional consult­ of September 17, Secretary of State Richard country. A graduate of the ROTC program at ants for community school directors. In 1968, the University of California at Berkeley, Gen­ H. Austin will be honored with a special testi­ monial dinner by the Roseville Democratic he was named regional coordinator for direc­ eral Berkman was commissioned a second tors and was later promoted to administrative lieutenant in June 1950. With the outbreak of Committee. I am very pleased to pay tribute to a remarkable individual and friend who has assistant to the director of secondary edu­ the Korean war, General Berkman was called cation. to active duty, and served as quarter!'Tlaster generously contributed his time and energy to our State and local communities. Ed Thorne's first love has always been supply officer at Fort Worden, WA. In 1953, he teaching and interacting with students. in 1973 was transferred to Korea to act as an adviser Assuming an active role in our community is he left his assignment at the administration to the Republic of Korea Army. a responsibility we all share, but few of us ful­ building to become deputy principal of the Flint General Berkman returned to reserve status fill. Dick has unfailingly devoted himself to ac­ Schools of Choice. Ed served as deputy for 3 in 1954, and rose to the position of brigadier tive participation in public service as well as years and has been the principal of the general and commander of the 351st Civil Af­ civic and health organizations. For the past 22 Schools of Choice for the past 16 years. fairs Command at Mountain View, CA in 1975. years he has served as Michigan's secretary A community person both during and after In 1979, and for the next 7 years, General of state and was recently elected to an un­ work hours, Ed has been involved in a wide Berkman was again on active duty as chief of precedented sixth term. Throughout his ten­ variety of activities and organizations includ­ the Army Reserve. This was a critical time for ure, Secretary Austin has been highly praised ing: the Flint United Negro College Fund Com­ the reserve forces of the United States, for it for his leadership role in helping pass legisla­ mittee, Big Sisters Board of Directors, Flint was in this period that the total force policy tion to improve motor vehicle safety. He has Area School Employees Credit Union Board of was developed. This is the plan that integrated also worked to ensure convenient and efficient Directors and the Multicultural Education the peacetime active National Guard and re­ service at all secretary of state offices Steering Committee. He ·served as chair­ serve forces as never before, providing re­ throughout Michigan. person of the Flint community school directors, serve components with the same equipment By any measure, the legacy of his achieve­ the Flint Olympian Games, and coordinated and training as their active-duty counterparts. ments is formidable. the campaigns to pass the mileages for Flint This doctrine enabled our National Guardsmen Schools. and reservists to be poised and ready to work Mr. Speaker, through his commitment and Ed and his wife Joan, have been married for and fight alongside active-duty forces during hard work as a public servant, Richard Austin 38 years. They have three daughters, Bar­ such operations as the Persian Gulf war. has touched countless lives. bara, Karolyn, and Janet. General Berkman completed his long and On this special occasion, I ask that my col­ Mr. Speaker, it is indeed an honor for me to distinguished career in the post of military ex­ leagues join me in saluting the many accom­ rise before you today to pay tribute to a man ecutive of the Reserve Forces Policy Board in plishments of a friend and extend to him and that has given so much of himself for the past the Office of the Secretary of Defense. In this his lovely wife our best wishes. 40 years, Edward Thorne. When democracy 25362 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 was threatened in Korea, he answered the call SPRINGFIELD GROUP WASHING ing in an evasive manner. When he realized of his Nation, serving nearly 4 years in the Air AWAY NATIONAL DEBT he could not "shake" his pursuers, he slowed Force. Upon his discharge from the service, his vehicle to around 15 mph and bailed out, leaving the van in gear. The van continued he answered the call of our Nation's young HON. PETER A. DeFAZIO down the freeway, out of control. The people, devoting his entire career to their edu­ OF OREGON agent's partners was able to position the cation and development. Although Edward IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Service vehicle beside the van and the agent Thorne is retiring from the Flint schools. I was able to jump from the Service vehicle know that he will remain a force for positive Wednesday, September 16, 1992 into the smuggler's van. At this time the change in our community. I ask you, Mr. Mr. DEFAZIO. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recog­ agent was able to stop the van, saving 15 Speaker, and my fellow members of the 102d Mexican nationals in the back of the van nize a group of Oregonians whose actions from almost certain injury or death. Congress to join me in honoring this great speak louder than any words resounding in In a practical way, I have supported the ef­ American. this Chamber. These people realize the dan­ forts of San Diego Sector Border Patrol Chief ger of our nearly $4 trillion debt, and they've Gus de la Vina with the improvement of the done what they could about it-they held a car border road and the reinforcement of the bor­ wash. der fence. Prior to 1990, the primary and sec­ DEDICATION OF THE JOSEPH R. They raised $100 to offset the debt but ondary border roads used by the Patrol's en­ BOLGER MIDDLE SCHOOL: A FIT­ more importantly, they raised local conscious­ forcement efforts were nearly impassable be­ TING TRIBUTE TO A GREAT EDU­ ness to what is arguably the single biggest CATOR cause of disrepair. The state of the border problem we face as a Nation. Dedicated peo­ fence, was still more shocking. Its broken ple took a day out of their weekend to make down chain-link fencing was more effective as HON. FRANK PAllONE, JR. us realize this debt will not disappear without a boundary marker, than as any significant de­ a lot of hard work, smart policy, and coopera­ OF NEW JERSEY terrent to drug smugglers. tion-rare commodities in Washington, DC. Upgrading roads used by the Border Patrol IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES These enlightened car washers belong to an to pursue drug smugglers has increased the Wednesday, September 16, 1992 organization called Just One Years Salary Patrol's control over the border area. Califor­ [JOYS], signifying the amount each American nia National Guardsmen have completed work Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, Saturday, Sep­ would have to pay to erase the Federal debt. on 1O miles of primary roads and 180 miles of tember 19, will mark the occasion of the dedi­ My constituents recognize the magnitude of secondary roads. Four miles of primary road cation of the Joseph R. Bolger Middle School the problem and are working to solve it. Surely await upgrade. The U.S. Army Reserve's engi­ in Keansburg, NJ. The school is being named Congress and the President can do no less. neers began work on the fence in December in honor of Mr. Bolger, a fine man devoted to 1990. Nine miles of fence have been com­ his community and the education of its young pleted to date, with 5 miles remaining. people, who recently passed away. THE U.S. BORDER PATROL-OUR The border road improvements and fence Mr. Speaker, I can think of no more fitting FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE reinforcement, coupled with the untiring efforts honor to the memory of Joseph Bolger, and I of the Border Patrol, have achieved remark­ would like to take this opportunity to pay trib­ HON. DUNCAN HUNTER able success. In all of 1991, 684 pounds of ute to him before the Members of this House. OF CALIFORNIA cocaine were seized. In the first half of 1992 During his distinguished career, Mr. Bolger IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES alone, 6,947 pounds of cocaine have been taught in the Monmouth County, NJ, commu­ seized. Last year 13,674 pounds of marijuana Wednesday, September 16, 1992 nities of Red Bank, Highlands, Long Branch were seized, in 1992 to date, 37,435 pounds and Keansburg. After years as a teacher, Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, the U.S. Border have been seized. This does not include the coach and athletic director, he became prin­ Patrol is America's first line of defense against July 27, 1992 seizure of 2,053 pounds-more cipal at Highlands Elementary School in 1960. the illegal traffic of narcotics and aliens. And, than 1 ton-of marijuana in the San Diego In 1967, he moved on to the Keansburg as representative to the entire California-Mex­ Sector. School System, where he became the first su­ ico border. I know first hand of the effective­ The project underway to light this sector of perintendent of schools, a post he held until ness, even heroism, shown by the Patrol in the border will further shore up the U.S. Bor­ his retirement in 1981. He was the type of executing their very difficult job. The National der Patrol's enforcement efforts. The lighting principal who knew most of his students by Border Patrol Council, Local 1613 will convene plan calls for raising 150 poles of up to 60 feet name and took a personal interest in their its annual dinner and award banquet on Fri­ in height from 1 mile east of the Pacific Ocean progress. day, September 18, 1992, to give the brave to San Ysidro Mountains. Lighting the border Mr. Bolger also found time to serve as a men and women of the Border Patrol the rec­ is step three, after road and fence improve­ borough councilman in his hometown of High­ ognition they very much deserve. ments, in taking control of our borders. lands, NJ, and he was also president of the Nearly 45 percent of all illegal entrants ap­ Let me conclude with a story recently cov­ Henry Hudson Regional Board of Education. prehended in the United States enter across ered by the San Diego Union-Tribune which In his spare time, he was active as a referee 17 miles of land border in the San Diego sec­ offers another glimpse of the day-to-day for high school and professional football tor. Among those apprehended are smugglers heroics of the Border Patrol: teams. A native of New York, Mr. Bolger was of aliens and narcotics, and criminal aliens. Border Patrol Agent Michael Gregg said a an Army veteran of World War II and a mem­ Under the leadership of Gus de la Vina, the citizen reported seeing a black pickup truck drive across the international border ber of the Veterans of Foreign Wars, High­ San Diego, sector border patrol has made more than 482,050 apprehensions this year. through a hole in the fence south of Boule­ lands. He received his bachelor's and master's vard in the Tierra del Sol area. degrees fro.m Seton Hall University and his Despite this flood of activity, and often acting Gregg said two Camp-o-based agents tried doctorate from East Coast University in Flor­ with a shortage of resources and manpower, stopping the truck along I-8, but it sped ida. He was a communicant of Our Lady of the Border Patrol has performed its job with away at speeds of up to 70 mph. Eventually Perpetual Help Roman Catholic Church, in an extremely high level of professionalism. the truck exited at Live Oak Springs Road, Highlands, and was a member of the church's I want to give the members of the House a going south onto Old Highway 80. The driver intended to return to the border, Gregg said. Holy Name Society. sense of the extraordinary level of commit­ ment exhibited by the U.S. Border Patrol. I As the truck was travelling toward the Mr. Bolger leaves behind his wife, Jean quote an example cited by the San Diego border fence along Tierra del Sol Road, Rich Bolger, three sons and two daughters. Gregg said the passenger began heaving large Sector Employee of the Month Awards: While he will be missed throughout the com­ rocks out the window. One rock shattered munity, the Joseph R. Bolger Middle School JANUARY 5, 1991.-While (a San Diego Bor­ the windshield of a Border Patrol car, but der Patrol Agent) was performing patrol du­ neither agent inside was hurt. will stand to remind us of a man whose life ties in the north county, two fellow agents Just before reaching the border fence along and career were dedicated to the highest requested back-up for a suspected smuggling a dirt road, the truck ran onto a large rut, ideals that any educator, any community lead­ load they were in pursuit of on northbound I- becoming stuck. Both men ran from the er, and any man can aspire to. 5. The driver of the smuggling load was driv- truck, escaping into Mexico. September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25363 Inside the pickup truck, agents found 220 THE FEDERAL FAIR FRANCfilSING Iraqi Kurds and Shia all fear annihilation at the individually wrapped packages of Mari­ PRACTICES ACT OF 1992 hands of Government forces. In both coun­ juana-2,053 pounds in all-worth about $2 tries, only international intervention may pre­ million, Gregg said. HON. JAMES H. SCHEUER vent another genocide. Our concerns in Iraq, however, extend well I hope that the Members of the House will OF NEW YORK beyond these kinds of humanitarian issues. share the conclusion I have reached with re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We went to war in the Persian Gulf, because gard to the Border Patrol: The key to ending Wednesday, September 16, 1992 Iraq's invasion of Kuwait directly challenged the traffic of aliens and drugs is to provide the Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, throughout my vital United States interests, namely, access to Patrol with the resources to stop the invasion tenure in the U.S. Congress, I have witnessed oil, stopping nuclear proliferation, and thwart­ at the border. I commend the leadership of many ideas come to the forefront for delibera­ ing aggression. Unfortunately, the job isn't fin­ Guy de la Vina and all the brave men and tion and analysis that reasonable people could ished and our vital interests are still at risk. women who serve with him in ·the San Diego have rational differences about. The Federal We may have won the war, but we have not Border Sector. Fair Franchising Practices Act of 1992 raises yet won the peace. important and crucial issues that confront the Moreover, how we deal with Iraq has impli­ millions of Americans who have franchises cations far beyond that country. We are estab­ whether they can be the Coca-Cola truck driv­ lishing the foundation of the post-cold-war era. AMERICA'S DEFENSE ers, the McDonald's restaurant owners or the How we deal with Iraq says a lot about how REQUIREMENTS chain stores that populate Main Streets we will deal with the new nuclear dangers as throughout our Nation. This legislation ad­ well as authority of the United Nations in the dre$ses management-labor issues for the coming decades. HON. JOE SKEEN 1990's and the fight for survival of the small IRAQ: FACING THE NUCLEAR THREAT OF NEW MEXICO business men and women of our country. I in­ Nuclear weapons in the hands of a terrorist troduce this legislation in order to share my state is one of the principle threats facing the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES thoughts with you and bring these crucial is­ United States in the post-cold-war era. Iraq remains a terrorist state, and its nuclear Wednesday, September 16, 1992 sues to the forefront. We will be strengthened both economically and as a nation by review­ threat has not been eliminated. Since the gulf Mr. SKEEN. Mr. Speaker, in all the debate ing the important issues raised in this legisla­ war ceasefire, we have learned that Iraq's nu­ regarding America's defense requirements, lit­ tion. clear weapons program far exceeded any of tle mention is made of one of the most impor­ our pre-gulf-war estimates. We have learned tant factors in America's defense readiness, that despite 6 weeks of extensive air attacks, . WE HAVE MORE AT STAKE IN large portions of Iraq's programs to produce the morale of our fighting people. Certainly we IRAQ THAN WE DO IN BOSNIA­ weapons of mass destruction remained intact. should do all we can to recognize those that HERCEGOVINA A year of U.N. inspections has found and de­ have given of themselves to ensure the secu­ stroyed many of these weapons. However, rity and well-being of our country. HON. LES ASPIN significant portions of these dangerous pro­ Over the past 24 years, the United States OF WISCONSIN grams remain elusive. Air Force has enjoyed the faithful and dedi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CIA Director Robert Gates has stated that, if sanctions are lifted and the U.N. inspections cated service of one of my constituents, Mas­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 ter Sgt. Michael D. Miller. Sergeant Miller en­ halted, Saddam Hussein could rebuild his ca­ Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, the suffering and tered the Air Force in October 1968. Over­ pabilities in a few, rather than many, years human tragedy in Bosnia-Hercegovina has led and again menace the region with his uncon­ seas, he has served with the 474th Tactical many Americans, including many who op­ ventional weapons. Our regional security con­ Fighter Wing at Thakhli Royal Thai Air Force posed the use of force against Iraq, to call for cerns, therefore, demand that we eliminate Base, Thailand; the 3d Tactical Fighter Wing, military intervention in Bosnia-Hercegovina. Iraq's weapons of mass destruction and pre­ Kunsan AB, Republic of South Korea; and the Initially, the Bush administration acted as if vent their reconstruction. 8th Tactical Fighter Wing, Kunsan AB, Repub­ it believed the unfolding crisis in Yugoslavia The problem, however, goes well beyond lic of South Korea. Here in the United States, did not directly affect United States vital inter­ Iraq. Every potential proliferator is watching. he has served with the 430th Tactical Fighter ests and suggested that Yugoslavia was a Eu­ Nukes in the hands of thugs like Saddam Hus­ Squadron, Nellis AFB, Nevada; 474th Field ropean problem. Eventually, however, pictures sein won't give rogue leaders the wherewithal Maintenance Squadron, Nellis AFB, Nevada; of Bosnian Moslems starving in camps and to win a fight against the United States, but 9th Field Maintenance Squadron, Beale AFB, stories of ethnic cleansing forced the crisis on they could be used as instruments of terror California; 3367th Student Squadron, Chanute to the international and the American agenda. against American forces and allies. Moreover, AFB, Illinois; 490th Strategic Missile Squad­ Therefore, at the same time the United only mass destruction weapons, particularly ron, Malmstrom AFB, Montana; and the 49th States, the United Kingdom, and France were nuclear ones, can offset huge U.S. advan­ building support within the United Nations for Fighter Wing, Holloman AFB, New Mexico. tages in conventional power. a no-fly zone over southern Iraq, the Security We must demonstrate to those who want Master Sergeant Miller's assignments have Council was passing a resolution authorizing weapons of mass destruction that the acquisi­ been demanding and his performance has the use of force to ensure the delivery of hu­ tion of these weapons is not worth the effort. been truly exemplary. His devotion has won manitarian relief to Bosnia-Hercegovina. If the international community is united in op­ him numerous awards including the Meritori­ This coincidence of timing, however, does position, the job will be easier. If we cannot ous Service Medal, the Air Force Commenda­ not mean that the two crises share equal pri­ succeed in Iraq-where our international lever­ tion Medal with two oak leaf clusters, the Air ority. All Americans are repulsed by the trag­ age is enormous-then the prospects for stop­ Force Good Conduct Medal with seven oak edy in Bosnia. When considering the use of ping proliferation elsewhere are grim. leaf clusters, the National Defense Service United States military power, however, Ameri­ THE AUTHORITY OF THE UNITED NATIONS: HOPES FOR Medal, and the Republic of Vietnam Gallantry cans must understand that we have much THE FUTURE Cross with device. more at stake in the Persian Gulf than in the When the United Nations was caught in the former Yugoslavia. grips of the superpower rivalry, it had little role I join Master Sergeant Miller's many friends Indeed, the crises in Iraq and the former to play in the major crises of the cold war. In and colleagues in saluting him for his dedi­ Yugoslavia have many similarities. Ethnic con­ the post-cold-war era, that can be very dif­ cated and distinguished support to our Na­ flict and civil war have plagued both countries. ferent. tion's defense. His contributions exemplify the The international community can now docu­ From the invasion of Kuwait until the ces­ mission of the U.S. Air Force and will be sore­ ment the depopulation of villages, mass exe­ sation of hostilities, the role played by the ly missed. Thank you, Master Sergeant Miller, cutions, and other brutal violations of human United Nations heralded a new era of inter­ for serving your country so well. rights in both countries. Bosnian Moslems and national cooperation and multilateralism. The 25364 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 United Nations seemed poised to seize the NATIONAL GRANDPARENT momentum, it is important that we recognize opportunities afforded by the end of the cold RESOURCE CENTER that this phenomenon is occurring all over the war, and lead the world rather than follow it. country. Grandparents are taking on huge re­ But it is now an open question whether the HON. lHOMASJ.DOWNEY sponsibilities long after their caregiving re­ United Nations has the staying power to deal OF NEW YORK sponsibilities as parents have ended, and we with the challenges of the new era. The an­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as a society owe them a debt of gratitude for swer to that question will be of immense inter­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 their love and concern. Some grandparents have already estab­ est to would-be Saddam's of whatever stripe Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. Speaker, as the chair­ lished support and referral groups within their around the world, not to mention a few Serbs man of the House Select Committee on own communities in order to help fellow who might be watching. Aging's Subcommittee on Human Services, I grandparents. I would like to take this oppor­ Judging by the latest standoff over the Agri­ am today introducing legislation to create a tunity to commend these grandparent supports cultural Ministry, the United Nations seemed National Resource Center for Grandparents. groups whose memberships have swelled This bill, which would amend the Older Ameri­ willing to compromise, rather than assert, its over the years. The least that we can do is to cans Act of 1965, would be called the National rights in Iraq [see Iraq Statement No. 1, July provide these exceptional individuals with Grandparent Resource Center Act of 1992. 28, 1992). While U.N. inspectors have gained some extra support by creating this National This center would serve as a central source of Resource Center, to be administered by the access to Iraq's Agricultural Ministry, an over­ information and assistance to the millions of Administration on Aging. It is a small step, but all erosion of the United Nation's authority is grandparents who are raising their grand­ it is one in the right direction. the price we all had to pay. children, or who are working to develop or The Subcommittee on Human Services has maintain lasting relationships with their grand­ The way in which the no-fly zone was es­ had a long history of involvement with the children. I am pleased to announce that an tablished further undercut the collective U.N. rights of grandparents. Over the last 12 years, identical version of this bill is being introduced response to Iraqi noncompliance. By foregoing several hearings have been held by the sub­ in the Senate today, by our distinguished col­ another Security Council resolution in support committee which have dramatically illustrated leagues, Senator DAVID PRYOR, Senator WIL­ of the zone, the United States and its coalition that grandparents are becoming more actively LIAM s. COHEN, Senator HERB KOHL, and Sen­ partners must now rely on a much narrower involved in their grandchildren's lives. How­ coalition to support the operation. ator HARRY REID. Mr. Speaker, you may ask-why do we ever, it is very important to note that the best The steady erosion of U.N. authority in Iraq need a resource center for grandparents? interest of the child is the foremost priority in concerns me. The United Nations, and the co­ After all, people have gotten along forever any given situation. This bill does not seek to alition partners in general, cannot just declare without one. What could be more natural than drive a wedge between existing families, but victory in Iraq and move on. being a grandparent? Sadly, times have rather to strengthen those that are in danger of becoming unhinged. Its purpose is to pro­ The problems with Iraq are not solved and changed. In the past decade, our society has vide basic useful information to grandparents the job isn't done. We have been waging this seen a dramatic increase in the number of grandparents who are raising their grand­ who request it. battle with the Iraqis for more than 18 months. I urge my colleagues to join me in cospon­ The credibility of the United Nations is on the children, because the parents of those chil­ dren cannot or will not. soring this legislation which will provide grand­ line. The resolutions against the Serbians are parents with basic survival tools as they strive still in their earliest stages. What lessons will For whatever the reason, be it drug or alco­ hol dependency, death, divorce, incarceration, to guide and provide for their grandchildren's the Serbians take from the Iraqi experience? or other reasons that are prevalent in today's best interests. Do they simply need to outwait the United Na­ world, grandparents are readily stepping in to tions, or will they learn that waiting is futile be­ fill the voids that exist for their grandchildren. cause the United Nations means business. However, times have drastically changed SPECIAL TRIBUTE TO THE How we deal with both Iraq and Bosnia is from when these grandparents raised their CANDLELIGHTERS CHILDHOOD not simply a test of the United Nations. It is a own children, and outside help is often needed CA~CER FOUNDATION DURING test of U.S. leadership, which is necessary to to deal with the everyday challenges they are THE MONTH OF SEPTEMBER, NA­ TIONAL CHILDHOOD CANCER make the United Nations effective. George encountering along the way. The National MONTH Bush doesn't talk much about the new world Grandparent Resource Center would provide order anymore, but the future of collective se­ that extra assistance. Often, grandparents who curity in the post-cold-war era is what's at are raising their grandchildren just need to HON. ROBERT A. ROE stake. know there are other individuals who are ex­ OF NEW JERSEY periencing similar frustrations. Sometimes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The fact that we have more at stake in Iraq grandparents need help in handling a specific Wednesday, September 16, 1992 does not mean, of course, that we should not problem or situation in their own community consider using military power in Bosnia­ that affects their grandchild. The National Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, it is with distinct Hercegovina. I believe we should be willing to Grandparent Resource Center, which would pride that I rise today to pay tribute to a foun­ use air power to ensure delivery of humani­ be established by grant or contract, would pro­ dation that is truly one of a kind in the world, tarian aid to Bosnia-Hercegovina. I also be­ vide a toll-free telephone number to increase the Candlelighters Childhood Cancer Founda­ lieve that we should be willing to use our air access to the information and assistance tion [CCCF]. This organization is an inter­ power to blunt an Iraqi ground attack against available from the center. This assistance national network for support groups of parents the Shia in Iraq. I believe that is a consistent would be provided by professionals and volun­ of children with cancer. CCCF has served as position. teers, some of whom would be grandparents an information clearinghouse, an educational Some experts and colleagues reject the ad­ themselves, and would consist of referral, fi­ arm, a peer support enabler, and an advocate of the parent/professional groups across the ditional use of U.S. military power in both nancial, or legal information regarding the rais­ country exhibiting an enduring kindness and places. That also is a consistent position. ing of and their relationship with their grand­ children. vitality unique to this organization. What is not consistent, however, is to argue In addition, the staff of the center would col­ The month of September 1992, has been that the use of United States military power is lect and make available information regarding declared by Congress and by Presidential appropriate in Bosnia-Hercegovina, but not in the many programs, projects, and activities of Proclamation as "National Childhood Cancer Iraq. Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait public and private entities relating to matters Month." I cannot think of a more fitting time to threatened the vital national security interests involving grandparent/grandchild relationships, recognize this network and its over 33,000 of the United States. We may decide to use including information on State laws regarding members of 400 parent groups and contacts force in response to the tragic conflict in visitation and Federal assistance available to in the United States and Canada. Bosnia-Hercegovina, but we should not delude grandparents. Mr. Speaker, now well past its 20th year of ourselves. We have more at stake in Iraq than Because the whole issue of relatives or service, Candlelighters has seen many we do in the former Yugoslavia. grandparents as caregivers is rapidly gaining changes and advances in the area of child- September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25365 hood cancer. Survival has become a reality as Technologies Act of 1992. The mission of this The four major missions of the Coast Guard the number of successes has increased, there new office will be to spawn "green tech­ are maritime law enforcement, maritime safe­ is better communication between the parents nologies" that will allow us to live in harmony ty, environmental protection, and national se­ and the medical professionals, improved edu­ with our Earth and our fellow nations. curity. In addition to being the Nation's primary cational resources, increased funding into re­ This new office will be located within the lifesaving organization, the Coast Guard en­ search, and a recognition of the emotional U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It will forces laws and international agreements of needs of various family members who are af­ coordinate efforts among all Federal agencies the United States, insures the safety and se­ fected by this dreaded disease. for environmental R&D. It will first identify en­ curity of U.S. ports and waterways, protects Through publications, activities, and advo­ vironmental problems that are not receiving the marine environment from pollutants, main­ cacy this organization has been able to reflect adequate product-oriented research. Then it tains short and long range aids to navigation, upon the many advances and the improved will administer grants and loans to private in­ performs icebreaking operations in polar re­ state of childhood cancer. Yet, locked in this dustry, universities, and nonprofit research gions, promotes recreational boating safety, reflection they not only see the faces of the centers to develop environmentally safe and and conducts defensive operations in time of hundreds of thousands who have been helped energy efficient technologies that can solve war. by Candlelighters over the years but the the problems. Lastly it will provide technical First known as the Revenue Cutter Service, many, many more millions who will need and assistance to convert these technologies into the Coast Guard was founded over 200 years be helped by their services in the future. off-the-shelf products and equipment. ago under the Department of Treasury. At that Membership in Candlelighters is open to The Office of National Environmental Tech­ time, Congress authorized the construction of anyone interested in the management and nologies will be created at no additional cost the first ten cutters. In 1915, the Revenue Cut­ cure of childhood cancer, and in the needs of to the taxpayer. Instead, funds will be shifted ter Service merged with the Life Saving Serv­ the families who face this experience. Medical from defense research, where fewer resources ice and was renamed Coast Guard. Since and social services professionals and edu­ are needed. Over 3 years, it will fund a half then, the Coast Guard has merged with the cators have jointed parents and other relatives billion dollars' worth of investments. Light House Service and the Bureau of Navi­ as members. Believing "it is better to light one The potential of this legislation is vast. It will gation and Steamboat Inspection. In 1967, the candle than to curse the darkness." enable us to fund ambitious advances in solar Coast Guard was transferred to the Depart­ Candlelighters share these main goals: To link power, energy conservation, and waste recy­ ment of Transportation. The Coast Guard has parent, family-to-family, and group-to-group; to cling. It will help us to build super-fuel efficient assisted the Navy in World Wars I and II, the provide an emotional support system for each cars, and to clean up our polluted harbors. Korean war, the Vietnam war, and Desert other; to ease frustration by sharing feelings Just as vast are the potential economic ad­ Storm. and experiences; to lessen the social isolation vantages if the United States can become the With only about 38,000 active duty mem­ of their families; to exchange information on world's "green giant" in the 21st century. In bers, 12,000 reservists, and 34,000 volun­ research, treatment, medical, and community · the next 1O years, the world market in environ­ teers, the Coast Guard provides the vital mari­ resources; to provide guidance in coping with mental technologies is expected to reach $300 time services the country needs. On an aver­ childhood cancer's effect on the child, on par­ billion. As the world's resources grow scarcer, age day, the Coast Guard saves 16 lives, as­ ents, and siblings, on the family; to identify pa­ the expectations of its people will become big­ sists 361 people, saves $2,500,000 in prop­ tient and family needs so that medical and so­ ger. Those people will demand goods and erty, responds to 23 oil and chemical spills, cial service systems respond adequately; and services that use a minimum of resources. We seizes 421 pounds of marijuana and 165 to seek consistent and sufficient research can create a lot of well-paying jobs by meeting pounds of cocaine, and maintains 150 aids to funding. that demand. navigation. Mr. Speaker, organizations such as this It will not be easy. We will have to compete An essential combatant in the Nation's war have established the highest standards for for a leading share of the green market. Japan on drugs, the Coast Guard conducts maritime helping families deal with this disease and is already spending $4 billion to develop its and air interdiction operations in conjunction service as shining examples of what can be environmental technologies. And Germany with other law enforcement agencies. The accomplished. Candlelighters Childhood Can­ now spends 23 percent of its total R&D budg­ Coast Guard utilizes radar in surveying the cer Foundation [CCCF] is not an organization et on environmental problems. But if we can­ southern United States border, the Bahamas, that dwells on the dreadful experience of not compete on the field of green tech­ Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. In learning your child or family member has can­ nologies-where the stakes are so high-then cases where Coast Guard intelligence sus­ cer. CCCF embodies a commitment to good we cannot compete anywhere. We have the pects trafficking aircraft, interceptor planes are advice, information, support, advocacy, and ability and the resources. What we need is the deployed to make visual contact with the excellent professionals to provide these serv­ political will to focus them. smugglers and to instruct the aircraft to land. ices. We need leadership-public, private, and In cooperation with foreign allies, attempts are This truly outstanding organization has been academic-to set a national agenda for envi­ then made to apprehend the traffickers upon a faithful servant to these families for over 20 ronmental R&D and move this country toward landing. Random sea patrols are also con­ years. It has grown and flourished and contin­ meeting it. I believe that this measure will ducted in these areas to monitor suspicious ues as a vital part of our Nation's community. move us a giant step closer to achieving that activity and to confirm trafficking patterns. In Mr. Speaker, I am sure you and all my col­ goal. 1990 alone, the Coast Guard seized 16,683 leagues join me in saluting Elisabeth J. pounds of cocaine and 29,079 pounds of mari­ Spoerl, president of the CCCF board of direc­ juana. tors, and a dear personal friend of mine Julie TRIBUTE TO THE U.S. COAST In addition, the Coast Guard has played a Sullivan, former executive director, and GUARD vital role in carrying out the Administration's present secretary of CCCF, as well as the policy toward Haiti. The interdiction of Haitian staff and benefactors of the organization for its HON.LAWRENCECOUGHUN migrants voyaging to the United States in distinguished record. OF PENNSYLVANIA overcrowded and unseaworthy craft has un­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES questionably saved the loss of thousands of lives. THE OFFICE OF NATIONAL ENVI­ Wednesday, September 16, 1992 RONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES ACT A major cost of Haitian migrant interdiction OF 1992 Mr. COUGHLIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to operations [HMIO], however, is the toll that it pay tribute to the Nation's foremost maritime, takes on Coast Guard personnel. HMIO has humanitarian, and safety organization, the required greater time away from home ports, HON. JOSEPH P. KENNEDY II U.S. Coast Guard. The Coast Guard, though frequent and unexpected scheduling changes, OF MASSACHUSETTS the smallest branch of our armed services, is and around the clock operations. Also, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tasked with a variety of maritime activities. psychological impact on personnel can be Wednesday, September 16, 1992 The Coast Guard possesses the ability to emotionally devastating. The fact that there Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to intro­ readily shift emphasis on these activities have been over 320 interdictions without loss duce the Office of National Environmental based on the changing needs of the country. of life, carried out day and night in all types of 25366 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 16, 1992 weather, is indeed a tribute to the Coast OUR DRACONIAN TAX CODE police units nationwide. Mr. Speaker, I hope Guard. that you and my colleagues will join me and From its inception in 1790 to the present, HON. HELEN DEUCH BENltEY the citizens of Baltimore County in paying trilr ute to this very special volunteer organization. the Coast Guard has played a vital role in in­ OF MARYLAND suring our Nation's welfare and security. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Coast Guard remains committed in every way Wednesday, September 16, 1992 A TRIBUTE TO THE DARLINGTON to upholding its motto: "Semper Paratus"-AI- Mrs. BENTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it has come to AMERICAN LITTLE LEAGUERS . ways Ready. I would like to take this oppor­ my attention that many Americans, especially tunity to recognize the professional men and senior citizens, are vulnerable to errors made HON. RONAID K. MAClffLEY women of the U.S. Coast Guard and to com­ by I RS employees assisting individuals in filing OF RHODE ISLAND mend the Nation's primary multimission sea­ their tax return. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES going organization for over 200 years of dedi­ For example, in 1977, an elderly constituent Wednesday, September 16, 1992 cated service. of mine was assisted by the IRS in filing her Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today tax return. to recognize a group of young men from Paw­ Despite her age and her retirement pension tucket for their success in the recent Little of less than $7,000, she apparently was not League Eastern Regional Tournament. De­ A TRIBUTE TO SCOTT SWENSON informed that she could qualify for an elderly AND PATRICK ULRICH spite losing the first game, the Darlington tax credit. And until 1988, the IRS failed to Americans won the next contest against a send her the proper Schedule R form required physically intimidating team from Delaware 1- HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON to claim the elderly tax credit. 0, shutting out a Delaware squad that had Although the inadequate instructions in scored 39 runs in its three previous games. OF CALIFORNIA Forms 1040 and 1040A were corrected in After defeating Delaware, the Darlington 1990, she could claim only $1,000 of the near­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Americans faced a tough squad from Penn­ ly $4,000 owed to her, because of the statute sylvania. The Rhode Islanders got on the Wednesday , September 16, 1992 of limitations. scoreboard early with a single by leadoff bat­ This is not an isolated occurrence, but rath­ ter, Mike DelPape. DelPage scored later on a Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today er endemic of our incomprehensive Tax Code. wide pitch by Pennsylvania pitcher Ricky in order to pay tribute to two outstanding The 1986 Tax Simplification Act made it more Suminski. young men from southern California for difficult for Americans to file their returns. Pennsylvania came back in the top of the achieving Eagle Scout status in the Boy We need meaningful tax reform. One should third. Chad Williams touched Darlington's Scouts of America. Scott Swenson and Patrick not have to be an accountant or a tax lawyer Chris Ferland for a base hit up the middle. He Ulrich of Palos Verdes, CA, are to be con­ to file a tax return. If IRS employees cannot would score two plays later on a throwing gratulated for reaching a Boy Scouts' plateau decipher our Tax Code, how can we expect error after an infield out. The team for Penn­ held by only 3 percent of their peers. I have our elderly citizens to do so? sylvania would take the lead in the top of the been a life-long admirer of the Boy Scout pro­ fifth on a home run from Cory Sullivan. That gram and feel that high praise is due to Scott, TRIBUTE TO THE BALTIMORE lead would hold despite chances for the Patrick, their parents and families as well as COUNTY AUXILIARY POLICE UNIT Rhode Island team in the third and fourth in­ their Scout mentors for this accomplishment. nings. I recognize the efforts of the Darlington Scott Swenson is 16 years old and a junior HON. BENJAMIN L CARDIN Americans Little League baseball team during at Palos Verdes Peninsula High School. His OF MARYLAND their recent run during the Little League East­ Eagle project involved extensive efforts on be­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ern Regional Tournament. Despite losing the half of his church, Ascension Lutheran. Scott's Wednesday, September 16, 1992 first game and falling into the loser's bracket, work helped to eliminate a safety hazard at the term persevered and made it to the final Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to the church property. A member of the Order of four of the tournament. Congratulations to the the Arrow by vote of his fellow Scouts, this pay a very special tribute to the Baltimore Darlington Americans and I wish you all the County Auxiliary Police Unit. This year the young man also has an eye on the future. He best in all of your future endeavors. plans to be a physician specializing in sports Auxiliary Police Unit is celebrating its 50th an­ SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS medicine. He is a credit to his family and his niversary of service to the community. It is troop. with admiration and gratitude that I pay them Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, a special thanks for a job well done. agreed to by the Senate on February 4, Patrick Ulrich has been an active Scout The Auxiliary Police Unit was started in 1977, calls for establishment of a sys­ since August 1987. His rise through the ranks 1942 by the Civil Defense Authority during tem for a computerized schedule of all of Scouting has involved him in a variety of World War II. Since then, the Auxiliary Police meetings and hearings of Senate com­ community, nature, educational, and family ac­ Unit has grown and developed, and today it mittees, subcommittees, joint commit­ tivities. Patrick's Eagle project consisted of ex­ now has a very important role in maintaining tees, and committees of conference. tensive community based work in repairing public safety and order in Baltimore County. This title requires all such committees and upgrading the stable area and water sup­ The Baltimore County Police Department is to notify the Office of the Senate Daily ply for a local riding stable. Even now, con­ well recognized as an extremely competent, Digest-designated by the Rules Com­ firmed as an Eagle Scout, Pat is busily at professional police force. The Auxiliary Police mittee-of the time, place, and purpose work trying to earn a Bronze Palm symbolizing Unit has played an important role in making of the meetings, when scheduled, and five extra merit badges. that happen. any cancellations or changes in the Mr. Speaker, much that is negative is said The example of commitment and service set meetings as they occur. about the young people of this great Nation. I by the Auxiliary Police Unit should be a source As an additional procedure along of pride and satisfaction to its members. Last with the computerization of this infor­ do not listen to such negativity because I have year, the Baltimore County Auxiliary Police mation, the Office of the Senate Daily faith in the young people of our country. Scott contributed over 40,000 hours of volunteer Digest will prepare this information for Swenson and Patrick Ulrich embody much service making Baltimore County a safer, printing in the Extensions of Remarks that is good in American youth. They give us more pleasant place to live. section of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD all hope for the future. I commend them for all We in government service recognize the on Monday and Wednesday of each their achievements. debt we owe all volunteer organizations. Their week. My wife Lee joins me in saluting Scott support and dedication make our job easier. Meetings scheduled for Thursday, Swenson and Patrick Ulrich and their proud The Auxiliary Unit has set a high standard of September 17, 1992, inay be found in the title of Eagle Scout. excellence and achievement for all auxiliary Daily Digest of today's RECORD. September 16, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 25367 MEETINGS SCHEDULED SEPTEMBER 22 SEPTEMBER 23 9:00 a.m. 9:00 a.m. SEPTEMBER 18 Finance Finance To resume hearings on issues relating to 9:30 a.m. To continue hearings on issues relating the North American Free Trade Agree­ to the North American Free Trade Governmental Affairs ment. To hold hearings on the nominations of Agreement. SD-215 SD-215 Shirley Chilton-O'dell, of California, Veterans' Affairs and Stephen Norris, of Virginia, each To hold joint hearings with the House SEPTEMBER 24 to be a Member of the Federal Retire­ Committee on Veterans' Affairs to re­ ment Thrift Investment Board. view the legislative recommendations 9:30 a.m. SD-342 by the American Legion. Select on POW/MIA Affairs 10:00 a.m. 334 Cannon Building To resume hearings to review the Paris Environment and Public Works 9:30 a.m. Peace Accord negotiations and after­ To hold hearings on S. 2132, to direct the Energy and Natural Resources math. Administrator of the Environmental Business meeting, to consider pending SH-216 Protection Agency to establish advi­ calendar business. sory boards and conduct research with SD-366 SEPTEMBER 25 respect to assessing and reducing envi­ Governmental Affairs · 10:00 a.m. ronmental risks. Oversight of Government Management Select on Indian Affairs SD-406 Subcommittee Business meeting, to mark up S. 2977, to To hold oversight hearings to review al­ establish within the Bureau of Indian Foreign Relations legations of bias within the Social Se­ To hold hearings on the United Nations curity Disability Program. Affairs a program to improve the man­ Framework Convention on Climate SD-342 agement of rangelands and farmlands Change (Treaty Doc. 102-38). Judiciary and the production of agricultural re­ SD-419 Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks Sub­ sources on Indian lands, H.R. 2144, to Judiciary committee extend Federal recognition to certain To hold hearings on S. 2969, to protect To hold hearings to examine issues relat­ California Indian groups, S. 3155, to es­ the free exercise of religion. ing to genetic patenting. tablish the National Indian Policy Re­ SD-G50 SD-226 search Institute, and proposed legisla­ Select on Indian Affairs Select on POW/MIA Affairs tion revising the Indian Self-Deter­ Business meeting, to mark up S. 2975, to To continue hearings to review the Paris mination Act. provide for the settlement of the water Peace Accord negotiations and after­ SR-485 rights claims of the Yavapai-Prescott math. Indian Tribe in Yavapai County, Ari­ SH-216 SEPTEMBER 29 zona, H.R. 5686, to make specified land 10:00 a.m. 9:30 a.m. Select on Indian Affairs description changes with respect to the Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry To hold joint hearings with the House In­ Agricultural Research and General Legis­ Reservation of the Confederated Tribes terior Committee on S. 2977, to estab­ of the Grand Rhode Community of Or­ lation Subcommittee lish within the Bureau of Indian Affairs To hold hearings on the implementation egon, S. 3157, to provide for a National a program to improve the management Native American Veterans' Memorial, of rangelands and farmlands and the of the Alternative Agriculture Re­ and proposed legislation on education production of agricultural resources on search and Commercialization (AARC) trust funds for Phoenix Indian School. Indian lands. Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-81), focusing on the SR-485 SR-485 current activities of the AARC Board 11:00 a.m. and future activities with regard to es­ SEPTEMBER 21 Judiciary tablishment of regional AARC centers and the development of patent and li­ 9:30 a.m. Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks Sub­ committee censing agreements. Select on POW/MIA Affairs SR-332 To hold hearings to review the Paris To hold hearings on S. 2256, to revise the Lanham Act to mandate that each pub­ 10:00 a.m. Peace Accord negotiations and after­ lic exhibition of a materially altered Judiciary math. motion picture bear a label conspicu­ Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks Sub­ SH-216 ously disclosing the nature of the al­ committee teration, and any objections thereto To hold hearings on international piracy raised by its artistic author. of intellectual property. SD-226 SD-226