52
Chapter- II Kazi Nazrul Islam's works having less or no Perso-Arabic words
"Nazrul Islam used comparatively less Perso-Arabic words in the love and nature related poems and did not use abundant of Perso-Arabic words in the poems which were written in "Payer Chhanda"— remarks of the Authority on Nazrul Islam's work's Dr. Rafiqul Islam, Department of Bengali of Dhaka University.
In sorting out titles of this chapter, the mile stone is fixed upto 150 Perso-Arabic words or less used in a title. Bengali race being predomi nantly consisted of Hindus and Muslims, Nazrul Islam did use traditional words of both the socities together for analogy and traditional words can not display themselves side by side in a nicely manner and meaningful bearings. There are so many words in usage in Hindu society to create Hindu environment where as there are words used in Muslim societyto indicate Muslim environment. Nazrul created appropriate environment for his situation using appropriate words which go easy to the depth of the situation and got the acceptance of the mass people of both the socities to differentiate and high light this inequlity of using less Perso-Arabic words, the following titles were sorted out. The figure on the right side in the bracket or at the end of each word indicate number of time the word used in the book (poeti'y) 53
Titk'S Arabic words Persian words Total l^erso-Arabic Words l.Chittanama(1925) 15 09 24 2. Gitishatadal(1934) 14 23 37 3.Chakrabak(1929) 20 20 40 4.ProlayShikha(1930) 19 25 44 5. Dolan Champa (1923) 10 41^ 51 6.JhingePhool(1926) 21 37 58 7.SinduHindol(1927) 31 39 70 8.Chayanot(1925) 35 36 71 9. Sarbahara(1926) 34 47 81 10. Jarh (1961) 55 58 113 ll.Puberhawwa(1925) 37 77 114 12. Chandra Bindo( 1931) 74 46 120 13.Shaimmobadi(1925) 66 56 122 14. SurSaki(1932) 54 74 128 15.PhaniManasa(1927) 49 85 134 16. Bhangargan(1924) 68 73 141
Before going to discuss elaborately the persian & Arabic words used in afore-said titles one must be familiar with the method of transliteration of the alphabets and abbreviations used. These are in the begining of the thesis. 54
Chitta Nama (1925) Total Perso-Arabic words- 24 Total Arabic words-15 Total Persian words-09 I 1. ^ju^.ujis\ (Per. afsos. mod. pr. afsus) regret, grief, woe. 2. |»:H*Ijj' (Ar. ibra, lit relase, qiutance, acquitance, cencellation) Ibrahim, name of the prophet Ibrahim. 3. ^LfJi' (Ar. awliya. pi. of waliya) friend, petron, friend of God, holyman, saints. 4. ^1 (Ar. akbar) greatest. 5.u_4jjiaj3l (Per. awrang lit throne) name of the emperor of the Mughal period.
1. ,>a^Juj (Pers. paygambar) messanger of God, message bearer, prophet, apostle. . 1. y»>^ (Per. khanjar) deggar; poniard.
2. Lr"-i. (Ar. Khali) empty, vacant, blank. (2)
1. A^U .s (Per. damama a small drum) drum, kettledrum, trumpet.
1. |*iLa< (Ar. Salam, lit, peace) salutation, greetings.
1. jUau-w (Ar. shaitan, lit. drivenout) satan, devil, naughty mischivious spirit. 2. al Ai'\^.,ij (Per. Shahanshah) king of the kings, emperor. 55
1. »l>>«.>^ (Ar. Sahra, lit. desert pi. of Sahara) desert, great desert.
1. jL9>I» (Per. tufan, Ar. tufan) tornado, hurricane, high wind.
t 1. cLij^ (Ar. isha. lit-midnight) prayer offered in the first part of the night. 2. ^ .in f (Ar. isa from syriac yasee) jesus.
1. J-uai (Ar. fasal-season) crops, harvest.
2. Al-i^ (Pers farishta) angel.
1. er*^>^ (Psi*- qurbani per i for superflouns) sacrifice, festival of sacrifice.
1. k^-M-« (Per. mahdiyy, pers. pr. mahdi, lit. rightly guaided) the last Imam of the Shias expected to return in order to purify Islam. 2. n l.>n a (Ar. muslim one who profess Islam) Muslim, Muhammadin, Musalman (2)
9 Is (Ar. Wahid,-one) Allah is one. 56
Giti shatadal (1934) Total Perso- Arabic words - 37 Total Arabic words- 15 Total Persian words - 22
1. -^i/i (Per. awaz) sound, voice.
I.—a 1. 3^ (Ar. baqi) remaining, reminder, rest, balance, arrears. 2. )jL (Per. bazar) market, marketing. 3. ^iij (Per. beshi. mod. pr. bishi-excess) excess, increase, excessive, more. 4. '•^, (Per. be-hosh, mod. be-hush, lit without sense) Unconcious, insensible, senseless, fainted, swooned.
I. _j U^^ (Per. piyala) cup, goblet.
1. J (Per. tir) arrow, shaft, t 1. jU> (Per. khana) house, home.
1. ''> (Per. dagh-mark, spot) plot of land mark out, spot, line, blemish. (2)
1. ^.o^ (Per. reshmi, per. 'i' for izafat) silken. 57
a^Luj (Per. sada) plain, simple, blank, white, artless, unadorned, unpretention.
2i (Per. shahar) town, bigtown, city (Ar. shahr) month. 2. sj'j-^ (Ar. sharab-drink, drinking) spirituous liquor. 3. iJj^^^ (Per. shikeri, i for agency or relation) fowler, hunter, chased, be longing to hunting. (2) 4. (j,y 'j-i> (Per. shirazi) title of the famous Persian poet Shaikh Saadi. t 1. Jit (Ar. aql, lit reason, intelligent) intelligence; wisedom, understanding, sense, perception. 2. j-la-c- (An itr-puifome, scent, otto) purfomie, scented, extract or essence, otto. (2) 3. ^bjJa_c (Per. itr-dane, suff. dan-receptacle pot, vessel, per 'i' for relation) vessel used to hold otto, scent box, phial of otto. t 1. uJ9 a jj jaJ9 (per. firoza. mod. pr. firuza turquoise, of the colour) turquoise, azured. UJIXS (Per. Kabab) roastmeat. 1. |*JL3 (Ar. qadam) step, foot, trot. 1. |»jJ (Per. garm) hot, brisk. (2) 3. t_j^ (Per. gulab, gul-rose, ab-water) rose, water rose (2) 58 4. c—i^-'^ (Per. gosht. mod. pr. gusht) flesh, meat. J 1. JV (Per. lal,red colour, gem) gem, ruby, ruby coloured, red, darling. r ) (Ar. mahalla, pers. pr. mahala) quarter of a town, part of town, ward. u it) (Per. neshwa) intoxication, drunkness, habit. (3) 59 Chakrabak (1929) Total Perso- Arabic words - 40 Total Arabic words- 20 Total Persian words - 20 I 1. ojLiI (Per. ishara) signal, hint. 1. '^- (Per. badi or bandi) lady slave, women slave, maid servent 2. ilj_^ (Per. barbad) destruction, ruined. 1. ^Li (Ar. taz) Cap, crown. 2. J^X-O^IJ (Ar. taz-cap, Ar. mahal-palace, Pers. pr. mahal palace) the world famous mausoleum at Agra. Z 1. (^j^ (Ar. herem) apartment of women. t 1. (^L>. (Ar. Khali) empty, blank, vacant. 2. u-^^ iP^^- Khwushi-pleasure frd^m khwush. happy, pleased, i for a.n) happiness, pleased, enjoyment, delight, glad, happy, pleased. M' for a,n) happiness, pleased, enjoyment, delight, glad, happy, pleased. ^^j (Per dewana) mod. pr. diwana) insane, mad. (3) ^sj (Per ruey) cring, face. 60 J 1. u^'^j (Per. Zindegi) life. 1. yMj (Per. sar, ser, sans, shir) head. (2) 1. orij-^^ (Per. shiri, lit sweet) name of the famous heroine of Persia, name of the beloved of Farhad. (3) 2. aLiii^i (Per. shahanshah) king of the kings, emperor. 1. (;|jj>w«» (Ar. sahra. pi. of sahara-desert) desert, great desert. (2) e 1. ja^ (Ar. id) Muhammadan festival. 2. 1^^ (Ar. alia) high, sinior. J3 1. o*'j^ (Per. peros) Persia, Iran. 2. -sUyS (Per. forhad) name of the famous hero of Persia, name of the lover ofShiri. 3. ^j-^j^ (Per. persi, 'i' for relation) belonging to Persia, inhabitant of Persia. jJi5 (Ar. kafan) shroud, winding, sheet for a dead body. 1. joi (Ar. qabr) grave, tomb. 2. ("J^ (Ar. qadam) foot, step, trot. 3. ^juj^lk (Ar. qais from qiyas, lit to measure, judge) name of the famous hero of Persia and his nack name is Majnu. 61 J 1. ^.|,ij (Ar. layl, lit. night, per. laily, per-i-for relation) name of the famous heroin of Persia and beloved of Qais. 1. jlLo^i (Ar. mamtaz, pers. mam. mod, pr. mum-wax Ar. taz-crown) name of the beloved of the king Shahjahan. (2) 2. ^Lkt.» (Ar. musafir) traveller, joumeyer, sojourner, beggar. (2) 3. jLlo (Per. multan) name of a place u (Ar. nahbat time, turn) large kettle drum struck at stated hours, musical or ^^i"» band playing at stated time before the palace of a prince, musical band.(2) 62 Prolavshikha (1930) Total Perso- Arabic words - 44 Total Arabic words- 19 Total Persian words - 25 1 1 l»^l (An adam from. Heb. adam) Adam, first m^n, Christian and Muslim scriptures; man. 2. ^] (Ar. and per. afyun from O.K. opion) opium. (2) 3. l»ljl (Per. aram) ease, comfort, rest, repose, pleasure. 1. (j^jJj (Per. bondi) bound,chained, imprisoned, prisoner, captive (3) 2. ^L (Per. bagh) gurden, orchard. 1. 1. j,aj (Per. tir) arrow, shaft, reed. 1. ^.^ (An ijma to collect, togather) collection, accumulation, total, agregrate, income. t 1. ij-^3^ (Per. khwushi-pleasure from khwush-happy, pleasured, i for a,n) happiness, pleased, enjoyment, delight, glad, happy, pleasure. 63 • J^"^ (Ar. dakhal, lit entering) possession, occupancy, taking possession, right. Jl^j^ (Per. dewal) walling. J jj-«j (PerZamin) land, earth. j3j (Per. jor mod.pr. jur) strength, power, vig6ur, force, right, claim, vigorous. (2) ^ ^L_u/ (Per. sipahi, lit. belonging to an army; sipah-afmy i for relation) militery, cavalry, army, soldier, police, sepoy. i (Per. sher) tiger, lion. I. lj^>«-=» (Ar. sahra pi of Sahara) desert, great deert, Sahara. t 1. Jskii. (Ar. galat) mistake, error, defect, fault. 1. J-A'9 (Ar. fashal) crops, harvest, season. (3) 1. Ajuli (Ar. qila) fort. I* 1. J-^i.^ (Ar. makmal) velvet. 2. JLiu« (Ar. moshal) torch. (2) 3. jL>,-ui.o (Ar. maszid) place of worship, masque. 4. Jii^^ (Ar. mihtar-elder) sweeper, cleaner. 1 • j'>* (Per. hazar) thousand. (6) 2. jLojfc (Per. hatier) sword, wipons. 64 Dolan Champa (1923) Total Perso- Arabic words - 51 Total Arabic words- 10 Total Persian words - 41 1. (jL*^ (Ar. bayan description) description, explanation. 2. t^ (Per. bagh) garden, orchard. 3. jL» (Per. baz) falcon, hawk, per. baz in comp player) player, doer, expert. 4. AjL>'5fL (Per. bala khana lit upper chamber) palace, palacial building. 1. i^^ (Per. Pari) fairy. 2. Ci^-'^^yi (Pes. Parisian) fairy place. 1. ^ (Per. tir) arrow, bow, shaft. 1. j^->. (Ar. ijma-to collect, together) collection, accumulation, total, agregrate, income. (2) t 1. u-'l^ (Ar. Khali) empty, vacant, blank, unengaged. 2. •s>i>-(Per Khud-self) proprietor, himself, oneself (5) 1. t}^ (Per. dagh-mark, spot) mark, spot, line, blemish, plot of land. (3) 2. -ij-s (Per. dard) pain, sympathy, compassion. 3. s?^j^ (Per. dardi, per 'i' for relation-pained) sympathiser, sympathetic. 65 4. 'i-i (Ar. dawa-medicine, remedy) Ar. dawa-claim, demand, charge. 5. •'uU.s (Per. damama-a small drum) drum, kettle drum, trumpet. J 1. j-*j (Per. zahr poison, Ar. jawhar from Per, gawhar) gem, jewel. 2. J3J (Per. jor. mod. Pr. jur) strength, vigour, vigorus, power, force ful, claim, right. 1. iSij (Per. rong-colour) coloui; paint, complexion, pleasure,joke, amusement, frolic, comie performance, hamour. (12) 2. jsj (Per. roz. mod. pr. ruz-day) day, daily supply daily wages. (2) 1. i*j-^ (Per. sharm) shame, blashfulness, shyness, modesty. Ji; (Per. gul-rose) rose. J JV (Per. lal-red colour, gem) gem, ruby, ruby coloured, red, darling. (8) 66 Jhinqev phool - (1926) Total Perso- Arabic words - 58 Total Arabic words- 21 Total Persian words - 37 1. jU-*»l (Per. asman) sky, heaven. 2. r. a>l (Per. ast) yes. 3. J-^l (AT. as al-lit. root, origin) original, genuine, principal. 4. jl^l (Per. alwan pi of lown-colour) colour sheet. 5. J.>w«j6il (Per. admahal) half of palace. 6. i>*:4^' (Ar. iblis) devil, satan. 7. ojLiI (Per. ishara) hints, signal, indication, sign. 8. jljal (Per. abdar possessed of brightness, ab-brightness, dar in comp. possessed of) bright, justrous, water cooler, complain. 9. (*ljl (Per. aram) rest, repose, ease, comfort, pleasure. 10. <^l (Per. ahistey) slowly, softly. (7) 1. I*'jl^ (Per. bey-without, per, aram-rest) restless, uneasy, ill, sick. 2. i?j-5^ (Per bad-bad, evil, ugly, per ragi-passionate) worthful evil passionate 3. \j^^j'^ (Per. badzati, evilnatured, vicious, villainous, per. 'i' for relation) wickedness villainness, meanness. 67 4. o*"'-*'^ (Per. badmaish, per.bad-bad. Ar. maash-livelyhood) bad livelihood, villain, rascal, bad character. 1. u'j-W (Per. poilawan) hero, brave, strengthy. 1. •^^J (Ar. tawba, lit coming back, hence repentance) repantance. 2. o-^ (Pet"-tanshan) reproach, tount. 3. AJNJJJ (Ar. tufa- any fine, rare and precious thing, present) excellent, welldone, vei'ynice. t 1. ^^^ (Per. jama) garment, robe, shirt, dress. 2. gljinr (Ar. zafran) saffron. 3. ,^e-=r (Per. zabar) strong, powerful, vowel mark, corresponding to a short'a' force compalsion. Z 1. p-iLs- (Ar. hashim, PI. of husama-modest, timid, beautiful, shy) name of the father Abdul Muttalib, the gi-and father of the prophet Muhammed Sm. (Ar. hadd- limit, end, edge) limit, end, boundary, extremity, degree utmost, extreme, almost. t (Ar. khabr) news, report. 2. I^JUJ^ (Per. khushi, per, 'i' for a,n) pleased, happiness, pleasure. 3. (jJLj-i' (Ar. kheal, per 'i' for relation) imaginery, fanciful, whimsical. 4. ^^ (per. khub-good, beautiful) much, very well. (2) 68 1. u^3j^^ (per. darwan) door keeper, gatekeeper, porter. 1. J J3J (Per. jor. mod. Pr. jur) strength, power, vigour, force, right, claim.(4) 1. ^Ua (Ar. zahir- exterior, outward) open, disclosed, extarnal, appearent, clear. t 1. o*»:*-^ (Ar. aysh) comfort, ease, enjoyment. 1. JoJa (Ar. fil) elephant, high heap. 2. '^Jsjr^ (Per. firoza. mod. Pr. firuza) turquoise, azured. 1. (^r*-^ (Ar. qalmi Per. 'i' for relation) written by the pen or hand, belonging to a graft or grafting. 2. p-A'li (Ar. qasim) distributor. 3. tuaLi (Ar. qissa) story, tale, legend. 1. |*j3 (Per. garm) hot, brisk. 1. J^-i-ii^ (Ar. moshgul)busy. 2. aLi >r..-»,.^ (Per. most-pana, most-intoxicated, Per.pana-shelter) refuge, asylum. 69 3. JS itio (Ar. mushkil) difficult, stiff, hard, trouble. 4. . -^J-* (Per. mard) man, male, hero, brave. 5. •-=—*«-« (Per. most) intoxicated, furious, huge, large. (3) 6. o>« (Per. moza) taste. (2) 7. 1. Shindu Hindol ri927^ Total Perso-Arabic words 70 Total Arabic words 31 Total Persian words 39 1 1. j^^ (Per. abir-perfume) kind of colour, powder'used on the occassion of the Holi festival. 2. ^U-a/1 (Per. asmani, 'i' for relation) heavenly, azure. (2) 3. j^l (Ar. akher) last, evening. 4. 4^1 (Ar. alahiyyat) Godliness. 1. ui'>A ^ (pgj. behosh. mod. pr. be-hush lit. without sense) unconcious, in sensible, sen sible, fainted. 2. *LH>^ (Per. behaya) shameless, impudent. 3 {^3-^-^ 1. oJLi (Per. piyala) cup, goblet. 2. 1, |»j>Lu (Per. tanjam) rider, pessengar. 1. (*>> (Ar. herem) apartment ofwomen,(Ar.haram) forbidden, sacred. 71 2. j--iL>. (An hadir, Pers. pr. hazir) present. 3. '^J9^ (Per. huri, per. 'i' for relation) belongs to back-eyed, belonging to fairy. t 1. ^^ (Per. khwushi-pleasure from khwush-happy, pleased 'i' for a,n) happiness, pleasure. 2. o^L>- (Ar. Khass, pers. pr. khas special) Special, under ones direct possesion, personal, private. 3. ud^ (Per. khun-blood) blood, blood shed, murder. 1. i^-ij-i (Per. daradi-pained) sympathiser, sympathetic 2. t'"* (per. dagh-spot, mark) spot, mark, line, blemish, plot of land 3. Jo (per. dil) heart, mind. J 1. JTJ^J (per. zinjir) Chain. 2. l^^f-f j (Ar. julaikha) name of the queen of Misr. (Egypt). 1. J-** (Per. ser, sar, sans, shir) head. (4) 2. i^L*' (Per saqi) cup bearer, belove. (2) 3. SJL^ (Per. sikh) iron rod, bolt, spit. 1. oij^ (Per. sherin, lit. sweet) name of the famous heroin of Persia. 2. t-r»tj-i' (Ar. sharab-drink,drinking) spirituous liquor. 3. ij^^j^-^ (Per. sirazi) Persian poet shaikh Saadi is so called shirazi. 72 3. f>jjj (Per. sharm) shame, bashfulness, shyness, modesty. 1. o^^ (Ar. per. pr. tufan) storm, tornado, kurricane, high wind. 2. jLJLL* (Ar. taliban) knowledge seeker, student. t 1. pJU, (Ar. alam) Universe, world. 2. LT-^J-^ (Ar. arashi, per. 'i' for relation) related to throne of God. 3. O^5J-^ (Ar. urs, urus-wedding) anniversery of a saints death, clebrations in memory of a saint, bridegroom. 1. <^js^ (Per. firoza, mod pr. firuza turquoise) turquoise, azured. 2. JU>9 (Per. farhad, Ar. farhad lit. joy, marriness, pleasure) name of the famous hero of Persia. 1. '^^ (Per. kabab) roastmeat. 2. ^\^S^S (Per. kuchkawaz) military parade, military drill. 1. jTji (Ar. quran, lit. reading, reciting) the Quran, the sacred book of the Muslims. J 1. ^jXJ (Ar. layl-night. Per. laily) name of the famous heroin of Persia and beloved of Qais. 2. J*^ (Per. lal-red colour, gem) gem, ruby, ruby coloured, red, darling. 73 1. >o><> (Ar. majnu-passed by a genious; mad) Mojnun, surname of Qais, the famous lover of the heroin Laily. (2) 2. z^ (Ar. mouz) wave, emotion, cestasy. 3. o**^j>« (Ar. mozlis, lit. place of sitting) assembly, meeting, council. 4. >»-• (Per. mghz) marrow, brain. 5 AitLui^ ^PQY mostana) intoxicated like a drunkere^. u 1. UJUJ (Ar. niqab-veil) a cloth used to hide the face. 2 Liijj (Ar. neshwa) drunkenness, intoxication, intoxicant, habit. 3. JiJ (Ar. naqal) duplicate, copying, copy, counterpart, transcription. 4. o*^^' (Per. nawis) writer, copyist. 5. JLAJJ (Per. nazhal, nazuk and hal) discomfited, put to shame, ina delicate situation. 6. o^j\^ (Per. nargis) narcissus, narcissus like eye. 7 jLiu (Per. nishan) flag, signal, indication, sign. 1. Ijj* (Ar. hawwa, pers. hawa) air, atmosphere, climate, wind. (5) 1. '—«-*'5^ (Ar. yusuf; lit grief) the name of the son of yeaqub, name of a prophet. 74 Chavanot (1925) Total Perso- Arabic words - 71 Total Arabic words- 34 Total Persian words - 37 1 1. jU-o/l (Per. asman) sky, heaven.. 2. ojLiI (Ar. ishara) signal, indication, hint. (2) 3. v>?l (Per. ayn) law, rule, cannon. 1. Jjjj (Per. bulbul) nightingale. (2) 2. ^L (Ar. baqi) remaining, rest, balance, arrear. (2) 3. J ju (Ar. badal-change, exechange) change, exchange, olteration, substitution, return. 4. J^ (Ar. batul, lit. verzin) maid, Fatima the daughter of the prophel Muhammad sm. 5. jLu (Ar. byan-description) description, explanation. (2) 6. JiL (Per. bilkul-in all) totally, entirely, wholly, all togather. 7. o^jJu (Ar. badawiyyin pi. of badawiyy-nomad) Bedouin, wild Arab of the desert. 8. jU (Per. baz-falcon) falcon, player, doer, experts. 1. 1. y^ (Per. tez. mod. pr.tiz) sharp, intalligent, Strength, vigour. 2. CJLU (Ar. tafawat. lit. interval) difference, distinction distance, aloofness, removal, off, be off. t 1. yx^ (Ar. khabar) news, report. 2. ^j-ij^ (Per. khwushi pleasure from khwush happy, pleased, 'i' for a,n) happiness, pleasure, enjoyment, delight, glad, happy, pleased. (2) 3. AjL> (Per. khana) house, home. 1. jjj (Per. dard) pain, sympathy. 2. jj-ij-i (Per. darader) sympathiser. 3. ^3^^ (Ar. dawa in pars. pr. dawi, dawi, pi. of Ar. dawa) claim, demand, right, charge. 4. JjJi (Ar. duldul) name of the mule of Hazrat Ali. 5. Lji (Per. darya) ocean, river, sea. 1. uSjj (Per. rong-colour) colour, paint, complexion, pleasure. 2- J3j (Per. roz, mod. pr. ruz-day, of sans, ragah-light) day, daily supply, daily wages. J 1 • J3j (Per. jor. mod. jur) strength, vigorous, vigour, force, power. 2. jJtj (Per. Zahr-poison,Ar.jawhar-gem)jem,Jewell. I. j-uj (Per. sar, ser, sans, pr. shir) head. 76 1. |*_^ (Per. sharm) shame, bash fulness, shiness. (3) 1. *l>>w» (Ar. shahara pi. of shahra-desert) desert, great-desert. t 1. ^.y^ (Ar. arashi, pers 'i' for relation) related to the throne of God. t 1. J>t (Ar. gazal) ode, lyrical poem, erotical poetn. 1. J»d^ (Per. kabutar) pigion. 2. J'M.,'itS (Per. kismis or kishmish) raisins, currants. 3. ojllS (Per. kinarah) edge, bank, side. 4. ^1^5 4^^ (Per. khuch-kawaz, kuch-march, parade Ar. qawid pi. of qaida-rule, system) parade, military drill, military march. 1. (»jJ (Ar. qodam) step, foot, trot. (2) 2. I-JMS (Per. gulab) rose water, rose. (3) J 1. JV (Per. lal-red) red colour, complexion, ruby, ruby colour. 1. J\1A (Ar. minar, manara. light) lofty tower, light house, minerate, of lofty tower attached to masques from where the muazzin calls people to prayer. u 1. ij\JLu (Per. nishan) flag, sign, signal, standard. 2. AJLiu (Per. nishana) mark, sign, trace, vestige. 3. |*jj (Per. narm) soft, liquid. 1. !>-* (Ar. hawwa, pers. pr. hawa) atmosphere, climate, air, wind. (12) 77 Sharba hara (1926) Total Perso-Arabic Words 81 Total Arabic Words 34 Total Persian Words 47 1. ojLil (Per. ishara) indication, sign, signal, hint. 2. (J*dl (Ar. asal-root, original) original, genuine, real, principal. (3) 3. (j:»l (Per. ayn) law, rule, cannon. 1. *LH>^ (Per. behaya, bey-without, haya-shame) shameless, impudent. 2. u-^ (Per. beshi. mod. Pr. bishi-excess) excess, increase, more. 3. jljLj (Per. bazar) market. 1. aljjj (Per. parwa) care, respect, fear. 1. ' ^d^tJj^ (Per. razi fromtaza , fresh,healthy , suif. Beng. Gura) Arabian, .Arabian horse. 2. ajL) (Per. taza) fresh, new, healthy. 3. ji^ (Per. tez, mod. pr. tiz) sharpen, intelligent, strength, vigorous. 4. J.>w*j>.L» (Ar. tazmahal, Ar. taz-crown.Ar. mahall. Pers. Pr. mahal-palace) the world famous mauselum at Agra. I 4 0 .71 >. (Per. chashma. origin, chashmak) spectacle, eyeglass. 1. u'>^ (Per.juwan)young, youthful, in the prime of life. 78 2. ^J^ (Per. zari) lamentation, plaint, a kind of rural, recitation. 3. jb ^J^ (An jama-collection of men, troop, army, Per. dar. in comp keeper, lit. leader of a number of persons) head constable, officer of police, customs or excise second to daragha. 4. jU^ (Per. jahaz) ship, streamer. 5. j\^ (Per. jan) soul, life, women, wife. I 1. |»i>. (Ar. hukum-order, law, authority) command, vardict, decree. 2 jj.r^'K (Ar. hudhur, Pers. Pr. huzur) your honour, your excellency, sir. t 1. j^ (Per. khun-blood) blood, blood shed, murder. (4) 2. ^j-iMjj- (Per. khalashi, i for agency-rudder) mariner, sailor, crew, manual labourer. 3. (j-^>^ (Per. khwushi-pleasure from khwush-happy pleased, i for a,n) happiness, pleasure, enjoyment, delight, glad, happy, pleased. 4. JLa- (jij^ (Per. khwush-happy, Ar. hal, condition) good condition, good circumstance. 1. CJIJ (Per.jat) kind, nation. (2) 2. LT*'^ (Per. zati, Pers.'i'for relation) nationality. 1. u--»l J (Ar. radhi, Pers. pr. razi-pleased) pleased, agreed, satisfied, contented. J 1. Jdj (Per. jor. mod. pr. jur) strength, force, power, vigour, vigorous. 79 1. U-ALJ-O; (Per. sipahi, lit. belonging to an army, sipah. army, i for relation) army, cavatry. 2. j-^ (Per. sar, sir sans-shir) head. 1. Ay^ i7> (Ar. shahid)martyr. 2. gl Kj ,7> (Ar. shaitan, lit., driven out) satan, devil, naughty, j, (Per. shaitani 'i' for relation and a,n)satanic, devilish, devilishness. I. *l>>wu» (Ar. sahra pi. of Sahara) desert, shahara, great desert. (3) 1. u^>^ (Per. Ar. pr. tufan) storm, tornado, hurricane, high wind. (4) 1. pJIJo (Ar. zalim) oppressor, tyrant, oppressive. t 1. «j^ i»-^ (Ar. amm, Pers. pr. am-common, Per. para-chapter) common chapter, general chapter. 1. yS-uxA (Ar. fasal-season) crops, harvest, season, 2. uL«^ (f*^'"- farman) mandate, command, order. 3. c5>*^ (Ar. fatwa) judicial pronouncement made by a mufty, judgement, decision on a religious or judicial matter. 4. CJI^ (Ar. furat) name of the river at Kufa. 5. u-^J^ (Ps'"- persi) Persian, inhabitant of Persia. 1. ^LDS (Per. kaman-bow) cross-bow, bow, gun, nib, anything bent. (2) 80 2. ^LS (Ar. kafir) infidel, disbeliver in God. (2) 1. u^Ljji (Per. qurbani, Ar. qurban, Per. 'i' for superfluons ) sacrifice, festival of sacrifice. 2. jUai (Ar. qatar) line. (2) 3. ^j--i>li (Ar. qadhi, Pers. pr. qazi) judge, administrator of criminal justice. 1. 'i^ (Per. gola. mod. pr. gula-canon ball) ball, bullet, shot, ball (Pers. ghola. mod. pr. ghula-granary, Ar. gholla-grain, corn, ghoUadan, pers- dan in comp container) granary. 2. u'^*-*'j>^ (Per. gor. mod. pr. gur-grave, Per. istan, sitan-place) burial ground, grave-yard. 3. (jl-Sj^ (Per. gardan) neck. 1. <5^ (Ar. macca) birth place of the prophet Muhammed (Sm). 2. ji-ij-* (Per. mozdur) haired labour, labourer, coolee. 3. pi ...^ (Ar.muslim one who professes Islam) Muslim, Musalman,Muhammadan. 4. 0^ (Per. moja) taste. 5. iJ^3-« (Ar. mawlawi, lit. relating to a master, judge or magistrate) scholar, doctor of Muslim law, theologian. 6. bVj^ (Ar. moulana) our doctor, oursir, our teacher. u 1. v^ (Per. nobi) Prophet, messanger of God., apostle. 2. (j-uiljlj (Ar. narazi) displeased, dis-satisfaction, unwilling. jij ID (Per. hosh, mod. pr. hush-sense, yar as dar-possessor) sensible, alert, careful, contious. (2) 2. jj^u* (Per.hindu-Indian) Indian who professes Hinduism. 3. jl>A (Per. hazar) thousand. 1. •^ji {AT. yeazid) the name of the son of Hazrat Muawiyya. 82 Jarh -(1961) Total Perso- Arabic words - 113 Total Arabic words- 55 Total Persian words - 58 I 1 • u'^^ (Per. iran) Persia, Iran. (3) 2. ,jJU-J[ (Per. asmani 'i' for relation), heavenly, azure. (3) 3. ^jJl^l (Per. irani, i for relation) Persian inhabitant or belonging to Persia, Iranian. 4. 5. CJLI (Ar. ayat) verse of the Holy Quran. 6. jjljl (Per. angur) grapes. (2) 1. ijXu Per. bandi) captive, prisoner, imprisonment. 2. ^L (Ar. baqi) remaining, balance, reminder, rest, aiTears. 3. JJj (Per. bulbul) nightingale. (4) 4. jLu-JJj (Per. bulbulistan) place of nightingale. 5. Jj^ (Per. bedil, per. bey-without, per. dil-heart) without heart, heartless, cruel. 6. U'V (Ar. badan) body. 7 oLi.sL (Per. badshah) king, emperor. 8. *"• ••i^..> (Per. behesht, mod, pr. bihisht) heaven, paradise. 1. Z^9-^ (Per. peshwaz) fulldress, gown, gown for dancing girl. 83 2. JH (Per. pir, lit. an oldman)a spiritual guaide of sufis. (3) 3. (^^ (Per. pani) water. 4. LT*' ^3^ (Per. puldani, Beng. pul, per. dani, 'i' in H) container, receptacle, vessel, flower container. 1. pj ^ <'» (Ar. tazim) treating with respect, respect. 2. j'^ (Per. talwar) sword. 3. o**^ (T.talash) search, investigation, looking for quest. Z 1 JaiL>. (An hafiz, lit. one memorise Quran) name of the famous Persian poet Hafiz. (3) 2. ^j^ (Ar. harf) alphabat. 3. ^j-laJ9L> (Ar. hafiziyya) the burial ground of the poet. Hafiz, the name of the place or house where memorise the Hooly Quran. 4. "^,r-==»^ (Ar. hadrat, pers. pr. hazrat. lit. presence) majesty, excellency, highness, lordship, worship. (5) t 1. Ly^'>»' (Ar. kharab-ruine, pen 'i' for abstract noun, kharab being used in Persian an, adjective in the sense of ruined) misery, devastation 2. '**-*• (Per. khoda) Supreme Being, God, Allah. 1. (^3^^ (An dawat) invitation. 2. °J3j^ (Per. darwaza) door, gate. 3. u'^J-^ (Ar. diwan from per. dewan, mod, pn diwan-court) court, council, collection of poems.s 84 4. LJJ-S (Per. darya) ocean, river. J 1. c-^-S'j (An rahmat-marcy) marcy, kindness, favour compassion. (2) 2. ^j (Per. rang) colour, complexion. J 1. .>:H>^j (Per. zinjir) chain. \. 1. Jd*« JLu-i (Per. shishmahal, per. shis-glas, Ar. mahal, palace) glass house, crystal house, 2. cjLu->.Li; (Per. shakh-e-nabat, pers. shakh-brench, Ar. nobat sugar candy) branch of sugar candy (5) 3. J..^ (Per. shahad) honey 4. (*j-i/ (Per. sharm) shame, bushfulness, shiness 5. *-r»lj-i* (Ar. sharab-drinking) spiritual liquor (7) 6. (^1 j-^ (Per. sharabi, per i. for agency) drunkered, one adicted to drinking 7. ui.j:i^ (Per. shirin, lit. sweet) name of the famous heroin of Persia and beloved of hero Farhad 8.4JL>uj)j_j; (Per. sharab khana) house for the sale of wine, tavern, grogshop. 9. jl,>j-i (Per. shiraz) name of the city of Persia. 1. Ci^^ (Per. tufan, Ar. tufan) storm, tornado, hurricane, high wind 85 t 1. LJJIJ-C (An adawat) enmity, malice, spile. 2. . 'J'j-c (Ar. id) festival, Muhammadan festival. t 1. Jj-*- (Ar. gazal) eroticial poem, ode, lyrical poem. 1. ajj^ (Per firoza. mod. pr. firuza) turquoise, of the colour of turqueise, azured. 1, u-ii_^4jji5 (Ar. kaba-sharif) sacred building at Macca, Ar. qaba-uppergarment, kind of loose garment. 1. jjJk (Ar. qabr) grave, tomb. 2. u'j^ (Ar. Quran lit. reading, reciting) sacred book of the Muslim, the Holy Quran. 3. ^IjJai (Per. qatrani, Ar. qatra-drop) liquid, pitch, juice of the pine, mouming, grief I* _ 1. Vi JN .HO (Ar. maszid) mosque, place of worship. 2. J^>« (Ar. murshid lit. director) spiritual guaid. 3. _^Lu^ (Ar. musafir) traveller,joumyer, sojourner. 4 o j^.^ (Ar. mashawara) compitition in improvising verses, gathering of poets. 5. L_9Lu« (Ar. maaf) perdon, forgiveness, exemption. 6. Jj^ (Ar. manjil) station, inn, goal, destination. 7. c-J9j_ju> (Ar. marifat knowledge) knowledge of God. mysticism. 86 (Puber Hawwa 1925) Total Perso- Arabic words - 114 Total Arabic words- 37 Total Persian words - 77 I 1. *u.oill (Ar. alkimiya) chemestry. 2. ^^1 (Ar. abir-perfome, per. abir) kind ofcoloured powder used on the occassion of the Holy festival. (2) 3. AlS\ (Per. ayna) mirror, looking glass. 4. J..J ••oT (Per. afsos, mod. pr. afsus) regret, grief, woe. 5. CJL^ UJI (Per. ab-water, Ai". hayat-life) name of well who tuch or drink the water become immortal. ^L (Per. bagicha) small garden. 2. o:»i<-j (Pet*- bedin, bey without, Ar. din-faith) irreligious, infidel, disbeliever in God. 3. .-. .v.j> (Per. behesht, pah vahisht) Heaven, paradise. 4. t^^jjuj (Per. bedardi, bey-without, per. dardi-pained) unsympathetic, cruel. 5. jLu (Ar. bayan-description) description, explanation. 6. jijj (Ar. burqa-veil) ladies veil with eye whole enabling to see things. 7. Jjjj (Per. bulbul) nightingale. (2) 8. ,j^.jjj. (Per. behush, lit. without sense) unconcious, insensible, senseless, fainted. 9. JiL (Per. bilkul) totally, entirely, wholly, all togather. 87 10. ^L> (Per. bagh) gurden, orchard. ^ 11. jL^ (Per. bahar-spring) beauty, splendour, glory, elegence. 12. i*^-^ (Per. besharam) shameless, blush-fulness, shiness. 1. «ULJ (Per. piyala) cup, goblet. (3) 2. Lu (Per. piya) drinking. 3. ^^ji (Per. pari. Benq. suff. der) fairies. 4. ojLu (Per. piyarah) lover. (5) 1. 5J^j (Per. tambu) tent. 2. AJ>) (Ar. tawba, lit. coming back, hence repentance) repentance. 1. >l»j>. (Per. jigar) liver. 2. aj>>- (Per. Zarina,Zarin) golden. Z 1. tJa>>. (Ar. harf) alphabet. 2. j>»- (Ar. hoor. pi. of ahwar and its fem hawra fair & backeyed, houries) houries, beautiful demsels of Muslim paradise. (2) t 1. (j-ij^ (Per. khwushi) happiness, pleasure, enjoyment. 2.ol^i«^ol^ (Per. khwah-ma-khwah-willingly or unwillingly), at all events, uncessarily, without any necessity. 3. LojJ>- (Per. khurma) dates, dried dates 4. SJJ-*- (Pei'- khub-good, beautiful) much, very well 5. o^*- (Per. khun-blood) blood, bloodshed, murder 88 6. Jl^^ (Per. khush-hal) good condition, happy fortunate, in pleasant circumstances. 1. J-»(Per.dil.) heart, mind. (6) 2 ^^^—^3^ (Per. dust) friend, lover. 3. 'Os^ (Per. dozakh mod. pr. duzokh) Hell. 4. t'-^ (Per. dagh) spot, mark, plot of land. (2) 5. -ij-i (Per. dard) pain, sympathy. (2) 6. ^J-* (Ar. duniya) world, worldly goods, worldly affair's. J 1. o-^3j (Per. rawshan) bright, shining, conspicious. (3) 2. oj-iiJ*ij (Per. rukhshara) bright, glitering, per. saff. a having brightness, brilliant. J 1. J3J (Per. jor. mod. pr. jur) strength, force, vigour, vigorous, power. (2) a*/ 1. jjJioi (Per. sikandar, Ar. iskandar) King of Mesodonia 2. Uj-*» (Per. surma) collyrium, antimony 3. ^^ (Ar. saqi) cup-bearer, beloved (4) oi 1. !*->-*' (Per. sharm) shame, bush fulness, shiness (2) 2. ijij:^ (Per. shirin, lit. sweet, shirin) name of the famous heroin of Persia and beloved of Farhad 89 3. M'^ (Ar. sharab-drink, drinking) spirituous liquor. 41 j^^JaL^ (An. sharaban-tahura, lit. holy drink) the holy drink is said to be offered to the virtus in the paradise. 5. (J jlj-i (Per. shirazi) title of the famous Persian poet shaikh Saadi is so called t 1. ,3 .tif (Ar. ishque) lover, fondness. t 1. Jj-i. (Ar. gazal) erotical poem, lyrical poem, ode. 2. L_9 JJu. (Ar. gilaf-screen) screen. 1. (jil^s Ar. farash-carpet) carpet, bed cloth spread out on the ground, metress, floor-cloth 2. J-i^ls (Ar. fadil, Pers. pr. fazil) excessive, excess, surplus, a learned man. 3. o^i^jjs (Per. firdouse) paradise, heaven 4. o-^J^ (Perr. Persi) Persia, Iran. 1. jj^ (Ar. kawthar, Pers. pr. kawsar) principal stream of paradise 2. yjLS (Ar. kafir) infidel, disbeliever in God. »li (Ar. qadi, pers. pr. qazi) judge, administrator of criminal justice l»^ (Per. garm) hot, brisk JS (Per. gul) rose, flower (2) J J*^ (Per. lal-read colour, gem) gem, ruby, ruby coloured, red, darling (4) 90 1. j>i>-Ju« (Per. madkhur) drunkered. 2. JyA .t[ 0 (Ar, moshgul) busy, engaged, emmersed. 3. c. ..1.0 (Per. most) intoxicated, furious. (2) 4. ^3j),.Hio (Ar. mashuque) beloved, object of love. 5. u 1. o^j^ (Per. nargis) narcissus, narcissus like eye. 2. j>> (Ar. noor, lit. light) light, splendour, beard. 3. (*> (Per. narm) soft, mild, gentle, easy. 4. ^jS ^jj (Per. narm. 0-garm, lit. mild and hot) extreme, mild and severe. 1. al>j» (Ar. hawwa, pers. pr. hawa) atmosphere, air, climate, wind. (6) 2. jljjfc (Per. hazar) thousand. 1. jL» (Per. year) friend, comrade, companion. (2) 91 Chandra Bindu (1931) Total Perso- Arabic words - 120 Total Arabic words- 77 Total Persian words - 43 ] 1. ALILJOI (Ar. inshallah) if Allah wants. 1. ijj^xj (Per. bondi) bound, chained, imprisoned, prisoner captive. 2. ^J^<^ (Per. bondini) lady prisoner, lady captive, female captive. 3. u'-f? (Per. bagan pi. of bagh-garden) garden, orchard. (2) 4. (J-IT*-!-^ (Per. bulbuli per.'i'for relation) belonging to nightingale. 5. J^ (Per. besh. mod. pr. bish-much, more) well, excellent, good, bravo. 6. o-A*^ (Per. beshi, mod. pr. bishi-excess) excess, increase, excessive, more. 7. *"• '''ij.' (Per. behesht-highest, vest) heaven, paradise. (2) 8. ^ji (Per. burqa-veil) ladies veil with eye wholes enabling to see things. 9. (*'j',^ (Per. bearam-without rest, uneasy) uneasy, ill, sick, illness, sickness, disease. 10. c--*u (Per. best-twenty) busy, bound, twenty. (2) 1. i^jj (Per. pari, per. 'i' for agncy) fairy. 2. •^La^Jlj (Per. payjama) trousrs, loose pantaloons. 3. ^ (Per. pir. lit. an oldman) a spiritual guaide of sufis. 4. Jj (Per. pul) bridge. 5. Jal^^u-a Jj (Per. pul sirat, Ar. sirat-way) way bridge, street bridge. 92 1. c^io (Per. takht) throne 2. 4J>» (Ar. tawba, lit. coming back, hence repentance) repentance (4) 1. jU^ (Per. jahaz) ship, a sailing vessel, streamer 2. u***^ (Per. josh. mod. pr. jush, lit. boiling, ebulition) enthusiasm, zeal, emotion, ardour i 1. 1*',^^ (Ar. haram-forbidden) forbidden, unlawful, sinful (2) 2. jS'^'" (Ar. hudur, Pers. pr. huzur orig. presence)your, honour, your excellencey, sir, court. (9) 3. j^^ (Ar. hoor pi of ahwar and its fem hawra-fair and back-eyed). 4. (*>> (Ar. herem, haram, lit. apartment) apartment of woman, forbidden. t i^jjjb- (T.Khatun, Ar. jannat) princess of heaven, matron of paradise. 2. (jJl^ (Ar. Khali) vacant, empty, unengaged, blank. 3. M>^ (Per. Khub-good, beautiful) much, very, well. 4. u-^i^ (Pei"- khwushi-pleasure from khwush-happy, pleased' i' for a,n) happiness, pleasure, enjoyment, delight, glad, happy, pleased. (2) 5. JL^^ (Ar. kheal, kheyal-emigination) idea, imagination, fancyful, whimsical. 6. \ij>- (Per. khoda, pahl. khota) God, Supreme Being, Allah. (3) 7. j$->- (Per. khor. mod. pr. khur in comp eater, drinkers) eater, drinker, smoker. 1. ^JJ:i (Ar. din, lit. usage, nature, course) faith, religion. 93 2. Lui (Ar. duniya) world, wordly affairs, wordly concern. 3. Ca-a;^^ (Per. dust) friend, lover. 4. (jj-o/jj (Per. dosti, mod. pr. dusti) friendship, love, intimacy. 1. jji (Ar. dabh, Pers. pr. zabh) slaughtering, sacrificing, slaughter, sacrifice. (2) J ^ • js'j (Per. jor. mod. pr. jur) strength, power, vigour, vigorus, force, right, claim. (2) 1. 1. (*j-i (Per. sharm) shame, bashfulness, shiness, modesty. 2. >••. i-\-».':. (Ar. shafa'at) intercession, meditation, recommendation, to speak in favour of 3. tlij^ (Ar. shuru) begining, starting. 1. ^-,j>-\..u9 (Ar. saheb-companion, master) sir, Mr, Master (13) 2. gj^)>uu? (Ar. sohi, lit. sound) correct sound, right, safe, signature t 1. '^j-C' (Ar. izzat-right, honour) honour, modesty, chastity 2. ^3_JLX. (Ar. ishque) love, fondness 1. 2. ^>jJiJ9 (Ar. faqir) poor, destitue, beggar, darwish. 3. jLoiJ (AJ-. fosad-corraption, distarbance) saditation, quarrel, discord, strief, trouble, disterbance. 4. o"3^j^ (Psr. firdause) paradise, heaven, highest heaven. 5. *a-iu>9 (Per. forishta) angel. 1. jJ:,LS (Ar. kagadh pers. pr. Kagaz)paper, documents, records 2. ji^LS (Ar. kafur from, sans, karpura) camphor 3. jJ9L5 (Ar. kafir) infidel, disbeliever in God 4. jloS (Per. kaman-bow) cross-bow, bow, gun, nib, anything bent 5. 2. >v.>« ^o (Ar. mosjid) mosque, place of worship. (2) 3. z'^ (Ar. mallah) sailor, mariner, boatman, crew. 4. 4JJI (sLiL) (Ar. masha-Allah) if Allah wants. 5. i5il>« (Ar. muafiq) agreeable, suitable, resembling like. 6. > a.rt:>« (Ar. munsif-administrator of justice) munsif. 7. u-^Ua^ (Ar. mosahib-companion) companion, associate, flattery, adulation, sycophancy. 95 Oij^ (Ar. muaddin, Pers. pr. muazzin) one who calls people to prayers, muazzin. u jUi (Per. nomaz) prayer. 9 j>> (Ar. noor-light) light, splendour, beard. 3. CJI^ (Ar. nehat or nehayat, lit.extreme limit) extreme, extremly, very much, utmost. jt (Ar, hadam, Pers. pr, hazam) digestion, assimilation. 2. i*-5,H* (PGI"- hardam) continue. 3. I>A (Ar. hawwa, Pers. pr. hawa) atmosphere, claimate, air, wind. 4. 4Jaj-«jfc (Per. hamesha)always. 96 Shaimmobadi (1925) Total Perso-Arabic \vords -122 Total Arabic words- 66 Total Persian ^vords- 56 I 1. (*^l (Ar. adam from Hebadam) Adam, first-m^n, christian, Muslim scriptures, man. 2. H^IJJI (Ar. ibra-release, quitance, cancellation, acquittance) the name of the prophet Ibrahim. 3. s^jl j"! (Pei'- azari, Per. 'i' for relation) affected, diseased, sick. 4. ,j-i"l (Per. atishi, Pers. 'i' for relation) relating to fire, firy, luminous, heavenly. 5. ajLiI (Ar. ishara) indication, signal, hints, allusion, sign. 6. oL«-*'11 (Per. as man) sky, heaven. 7. J-^l (Ar.asal) original, genuine, principal, real. 1^ (Per. behesht. mod. pr. behisht) heaven, paradise. 2. o\jj^ (Per. beporwa, bey-without, Per. parwa-care) careless, fearless, thoughtless. 3. (^J^ (Per. bandini) lady prisoner, lady captive (female). 4. J^ (Ar. bilal) name of the first muazzin who calls people first for the prayer. 5. jlalSjj (Ar. barq-lightining. Per. andaz-one who throws) musketeer, guard, sentinal. 1. 1 • J^>w« ^U (Ar. tazmahal, Ar. taz-crown, Ar. mahall-palace) the world famous mausoleum at Agra. 2. J^:^^ (Ar. tanbul) battlenut, battle leaf. 1. j^^ (Ar. jama) collection, accumulation, total. 2. ^.JUJIJJ;. (Per. juwabdihi, Ar. juwab-reply, pers. dihi-laibality) uncountability, responsibility, liabality explanation. 3. jl^j>, (Ar. jahaz) ship, a sailing vessel, streamer. (2) t 1. !*•>»• (^'*- herem-apartment) sacred, apartment of woman. 2. ojjU (Ar. harut) name of an angel. (2) t 1. ^j-i^^ (Per.khwushi)happiness, pleasure, enjoyment. (3) 2. |j^ (Per. khoda) Supreme Being, God, Allah. (4) 3. ^jj>. (Per. khabr) news, report. 4. j^ (Per. khun-blood) blood, blood shed, murder. (5) 5. o-ILi. (Ar. khali) empty, vacant, blank. 1. uiujij^ (Per. darwesh. mod. pr. darwish) beggar, a poorman, derwish, indigent. 2. ijli (Ar. dawad) Devid. 3. Lu.j (Ar. duniya) world, worldly affairs, worldly goods, worldly concern. 4. jL» 1. ^i (Ar. dabh Pers. pr. zabh) slaughtering, sacrificing, slaughter, sacrifice. 2. (jjb (Per. jati) nationality. 1. ^Sj J (Per. ruti) bread. (2) J 1 .AiL*. o^J^J (Pel'- zindan khana) prison-house,jail. 2. j3j (Per. jor.mod.pr. jur) strength, force, power, vigour, vigorous. 3. («JLia3^j(Ar. jeru zalim) sacred house atBetelhem, zorastrian scriptures. 4. 1. i^Lo; (Ar. saqi) cup bearer, beloved. 2. (*iLw (Ar. salam lit. peace) salutation, greetings. 3. j^ (Per. sir, sar, sans-shir) head. 1. jUau-i (Ar. shaitan, lit. driven out) naughty, devil, imp, mischivious spirit 4 2. cr'^:^ (Per. shirny) a kind of sweet meat, offering etc in the name of God. 1. *-_..».L<» (Ar. saheb) companion, master, doctor, Sir. 2. tJ3j.4^ (Ar. sirf) alone, lonely, only. 1. u^>^ (AJ'- tufan, Pers. Pr. tufan) strom, tornado, high, wind, hurricane. 99 t 1. o "'•) *" (Ar. isa) name of the Jesus Christ. (3) 2. SJj-<^ (Ar. arab) Arabia. 3. oJu>.iLt (Ar. alahida) seperate, different, distinct/ i 1. (»^Lt (Ar. guiam) slave, servent. (2) 1. i^s^j^ (Per. Persi) inhavitant of Persia. 2. 4l-i>9 (Per. farishta) angel. (4) 3. J--aJ9 (Ar. fasal-season) crops, harvest. 1. C_JL5 (Ar. Kitab) book, writing. (4) 2. *UJI^ (Ar. ka'aba) sacred building at macca. (2) 3. (j-iu |o5 (Per. kam-beshi) increase and decrease. (2) 4. *uL>.^LS (Per. karkhana) workshop, factory, manufactory. 1 • u^ j^ (ar. quran, lit. reading, reciting) sacred book of the Muslim, the Quran. (3) 1. o-w^i; (Per. gosht. mod. pr. gusht) flesh, meat. (2) 2. ^ (Per. gum) lost, missing. 3. i^j-i s^j^ (Per. giri-dari) valley and hills. 4. ijij^^jd^ (Per. goristan. mod. pr. guristan, istan, sitan-place) burial ground, grave-yard. (Ar. Muslim, one who profess Islam) Muhammadan, Muslim, Musalman. 100 2. JJLO (Per. magaz) marrow, brain. (2) 3. Aljauj (Ar. modina-city) city, city of the prophet. 4. v>.iio (Ar. moszid) place of worship, mosque. (4) 5. u..^Lu»!iL» (Ar. mulla-doctor, teacher) respectable doctor, honourable teacher 6. _>19Lai^ (Ar. musafir) traveller, journier, sojourner. 7. J^ft^wo (Ar. muhammad) name of the prophet of Islam, praise worthy. 8. s^*^*^>^ (Per. mehdi) name of the Imam mehdi. 9. (j-u(>« (Ar. musa from Heb) Moses. (2) 10. »^iio (Ar. mulk) sovereignty, kingdom, territoiy, country. 11. CJ^JU (Ar. marut) name of an angel. (2) 12. AJLLai^ (Per. mostana) intoxicated, like a drunkerd. (2) 13. ^ll«^ (Ar. mamtaz lit. seperate, sorted out) name of the beloved of shamrat Shahjahan. 14. ^ (Ar. muUa) doctor, sehool teacher, Mr. Sir. u 1. ^ (Ar. nabi pi ambiya) prophet, messanger of Allah, apostle. (2) 2. jUJ (Per. nomaz) prayer. 3. Jj-tij (Ar. najrul) name of the famous Bengali poets. 4. j-«J (Ar. nafar, lit. number of man from three to ten) person, individual. 3 1 • uji (Ar. wajan) measure, weight, measurement. ^jJut (Per. hindu) Indian who profess Hinduism. Sursaki - (1932^ Total Perso-Arabic words- 128 Total Arabic words - 54 Total Persian words - 74 1. j\j\ (Per. awaz) sound, voice. 2. ojLi/l (Per. ishara) indication, signal, sign, hint. 3. u^?^ ('^r- iman) faith, religious belief, creed. 1. iL>_^ (Per. barbad, lit. on the winds) thrown to the winds, destroyed, ruined, wanted. 2. jL or^lj (Ai-. baq, baqi) remaining, reminder, rest, residue, balance, arrears.(2) 3. jl jL (Per bazar from pahl bachar-market) market, marketing. 4. Joj^ jL (Per bazuband) bracelet, armlet. 5. JT»JJ (Pen bulbul) nightingale. (9) 6. »L>j>..j.) (Per. behaya) shameless, shiness, impudent. «_> 1. iJj^ (Per pari, Per 'i' for agency) fairy. (3) 2. 4^L>oL (Per pay-zama) trousers, loose pantaloons. 3. ^ki (Per. peyala-cup from G.K phiale) cup, goblet. (5) 4. O^LJ (Per piyada) footman, bailiff of a judicial court, messenger, peon. 1. J^IJ (Per tanbul) battlenut. 2. ^ (Per tir) arrow, shaft, heed, bow. (3) 102 (Ar. jalsa, lit. sitting) meeting, assembly, commitee. (2) 2. ' jJt^^ (Ar. jawhar, Per. gawhar) jewel, jem, essence. 3. oij->- (Per. garin, jarina) golden. Z 1. L_»La:>. (Ar. hisab, lit. recokoning) recokoning, accounts, calculation, arithmatic, stand-point. t 1. jj^ (Ar. khabar) news, report. 2. Aj|>»- (Ar. khajana-treasury) revenue, rent, treasury. 3. u-"^ (Ar. khali) vacant, empty, blank, unengaged. 4. uj-*- (Per. khun-blood) blood shed, murder, blood. 5. (j-^^-s- (Per. khwushi-pleasure from khwush-happy, pleased 'i' for a,n) happiness, pleasure, enjoy,ment, delight, glad, happy, pleased. (3) 6. IJ^ (Per. Khoda, Pah-khota) God, Supreme Being. 1. Jl-3r-i (Ar. dazzal) antichrist, a great impaster who will appear before the destruction of the world. 2. aj'jj-* (Per. darwaza) door, gate. 3. J-i (Per. dil-heart) heart, mind. 1. ij^Ljj (Ar. saqi) cup bearer, beloved. (10) 1. |*j-i/ (Per. sharm) shame, bashfulness, shiness, modesty (7) 2. (^ jl,>j-i> (Per. sirazi) name of the famous Persian poet Shaikh Saadi is so called. 103 1. jLa^Jb (Ar. tufan, per, tufan) storm, tornado, high wind, hurricane. e 1. JjJ;, (Ar. gazal) erotical poem, ode, lyrical poem. (5) 1. JS (Per. gol. mod. pr. gul) flower, rose. (4) 2. j'^ J"^ (Per. gulbodan) rose body. 3. jUu JS (Per. gul bagan, Per. gul-rose, Per. bagan.-garden) rose garden, flower garden. (2) 4. jU^J-S (Per. gul-bahar. Per. gul-rose. Per. bahar-garden, spring) kind of saries ornamented with flowers woven. 5. (JIA,.,UJI.S (Per. gulistan. Per. gul-rose, Per. istan, sitan, place) rosegarden, flower garden. (2) 6. j>S (Per. gor. mod. pr. gur) grave, tomb. 7. (-j^ (Per. gulab-rose water) rose water, rose. (6) J 1. J'i (Per. lal red colour, gem) gem, ruby, ruby coloured, red, darling.(3) 2. 'LU^ (Ar. mahalla) part of town, ward. (2) u 1. 1.1J .mi (Ar. nasib orig. fortune, lot) lot, fate, fortune, destiny 2. j^ (Ar. nahar) river, stream, cannal. 3. uiJU (Per. nalish) complaint, to lodge a complaint, submission. 4. ^LMJ (Ar. neshwa) drunkness, intoxication, intoxicant. (10) l>A (Ar. hawwa, Pers. pr. hawa) atmosphere, claimate, air, wind.(12) 104 Phani Manasha - (1927) Total Perso-Arabic words - 1 34 Total Arabic words - 48 Total Persian v/ords - 86 I 1. J-^l (Ar. asal) original, genuine, real. 2. ,^3_-uil (Per. afsos. mod. pr. afsus) grief, regret, woe, alas. (3) 3. ajLiI (Per. ishara) signal, hint, indication, allusion. 4. jjLii (Ar. abir-perfume) kind of coloured, powder uses in the Holly festivel. 5. |»^l (Ar. afim, pers. pr. afyun from G.K) opium. 6. AIII (Ar. allah) Supreme Being, God. 7. jlil (Ar. adan, Pers. pr. azan) call people to prayers, muazzim. 8. .SL-A;! (Per. ustad) teacher, master. 1. |*ljja (Per. badnam-in famous) bad name, bad reputation, infamy, infamous. 2. 'uU^ (Per. binama) anonimous, in others name, hand hold in a name of other than that of the real proprietor. 3. jl^ (Per. bahar-spring) beauty, splendour, glory elegence. 4. 1. (jJl^i-oij (Per. pastani) grief, regret 2. 4JLu (Per. piyala) cup, goblet. 1. J-»^ ^IJ (Ar. taz-crown, Ar. mahall, Per. pr. mahal-palace) the world famous mausoleum at Agra. 2. (*L>. ji (Per. tanjam) rider, passenger. 1. u'^*- (Per.juwan) young, youthful, a youngman. 2. ^^^(Per.jigor) liver. 3. uL>'(Per. jan) soul, heart, wife, woman. Z 1. JiU (Ar. halal) lawful, legal. 2. (*!>> (Ar. herem-forbidden) forbidden, unlawful, sinful 3. (* j-^ (Ar. haram, haram-forbidden, sacred, apartment of woman) apartment of woman. t 1. ^\J>- (Ar. khali) emply, vacant, blank. (2) 2. j^ (Ar. khabar) news, report, information. (2) 3. u5-^ (Per. khun-blood) blood, bloodshed, murder. 4. MIJ^ (Ar. kharab) ruin, destruction, miserable, bad. 5. j\^jlal->. (Ar. khatir-heart, Per. dar in copm, keeper) one behaving co-ordially, one showing haspitality. 6. jJLiK (Ar. khalid, the commander in chief of Muslim army and Muhammad (P.H) awarded him title 'SoifuUah' in the battle of umama. 106 7. |j^ (Per. khuda from Pah. khota) God, Supreme Being 8. Ai. (Per. khud) self, proprietor, oneself. 1. Ji-a (Per. dul) name of the mule of Hazrat Ali. (2) 2. ^ji (Per. dard) pain, sympathy, compassion. 3. JIJ^-S (Per. dedar) sight, look, interview. 4. <^^J^ (Per. dardi) pained, sympathiser, sympathetic. (2) 5. J-J (Per. dil) heart, mind. (2) 6. jS^^ (Per. digar) other, another. 7. u-sjJ-i (Per. durdin-unluckyday) unlucky day. 8. o-u^ji (Per. dost, mod. pr. dust) friend, lover. 9. jlj^ (Per. daraz) wide, long, lengthy. 1. "^li (Per. jat) kinds, nation. 2. (jjli (Per. jati) nationality. J 1 (*j i*j (Ar. Zam-Zam) a famous well at Macca regarded as sacred by the Muslims. 1. j-ut (Per. sir, sar, sans, shir) head. (3) 2. jli^^-^ (Per. sitar, lit. three stringed) musical instrument with three strings, three stringed, guiter cithern (Per. sitara-stars). 3. (*^^ (Per. salam lit peace) salutation, greetings (2) 107 4. t'j-^ {P^r. surakh) hole, passage. 5. AjUaJi^ (Ar. sultana fem of sultan) impress, queen, sultana. 6. jl" \- ••• (Per. sistan) garden. 1. ^ju^Ju (Ar. shamsun) sun. 2. (jl K' •'' (AJ-. shaitan, lit driven aut) satan, devil, naughty, mischievious spirit. 3. (jJUaj-i (Per. shaitani, per. 'i' for relation &a,n)satanic, devilish, devilishness. 4. ^Ij-i* (Ar. sharab-drink, drinking) spirituous liquor. (3) 5. (*^ (Per. sharm) shame, bash fulness, shyness, modesty. 6. ^jilLi (Per. shagird) disciple, attandant, follower abettor. 7. .vjij it> (Ar. shahid) martyr. 8. jl je--' (Per. shiraz) name of the city of Persia, where shaikh Saadi was born. 9. J^-*O*'TH-' (Per. shish-crystal Ar. mahal-palace) crystal palace, glass house. 1. a>>wu» (Ar. sahra, Sahara) desert, great desert. 1. o^>^ (Per. tufan, Ar. tufan) storm, tornado, hurricane, high wind. (3) 1. p-l-la (Ar. Zulm) oppression, injustice tyrany. e 1. J>^ (Ar. gazal) erotical poem; lyrical poem; ode. 1. iU^ (Per. faryad) cry for help, complaint. 1. u^^ (Per. kaman, bow) bow crossbow, gun. (2) 108 2. (j^ (Ar. kafon) winding, cloth sheet for a dead body. (2) 3. LT^T'^ (Per. Kabzi) wrist, hings. 4. >3LS (Ar. Kafir) infidel, disbeliever in God. 1. u^^ (Per. qurbani, Ar. qurban, lit. at where by one draws near to God) sacrefice, offering. 1. £r*^ (gahey from Per. gah-place) sometimes. 2. u'-*^ (Per. gardan) neck. 3. J-^ (Per. gul) rose, flower. 4. ul'-''"L'l-^ (Per gulistan) rose garden, flower garden. 5. CLJSJS (Per. girift-seized, captured) seized, captured, arrested, an-est, capture. J 1. J*^ (Per. lal-red, colour, gem) gem, ruby, ruby, coloured, red, darling 1. *^LU (Ar. mulk-sovereignty) kingdom, country, territory, native place. 2. 4Jli-*i^ (Per. mostana) intoxicated, like a drunkered. 3. tlLIU (Ar. malik) owner; proprietor, possessor, God. 4. (j^^i-U (Ar. multabi) post bond, adjourned, delayed. 5. j\Jui (Ar. manar, manara) light-house, mineret, lofty tower attached to masques from where the muazzin calls people to prayers. 6. u^i-« (Pers. pr. muazzin, Ar. muaddin) one who calls people to prayers, muazzin. 7. (tt-LoLo (Ar. muslim-one who professlslam) Muslim, musalman, Muhammadan. (3) 8. JICJLULA (Musalman is a corrupted from a musliman Pers. pr. of Ar. muslim) Muslim, Musalman, Muhammadan. 109 9. tj-^3-0 (Ar. musa from Heb) Moses. 10. ^3-^j^ (Ar. marsum, lit. market, customary, usual) prescribed, mandate, stifend, salary, Ar. mousum-season. 11. -v.iN .110 (Ar. maszid) mosque, place of worship. 12. (jJtL»*t« (per. mast, mastana-intoxicated, Beng. suff'i' and 'ani' for fem gen) intoxicated woman. U 1. ul-^ (Per. nishan) flag, signal, sign, standard. (7) 2 3 1. u'^i (Per. wiran) desolate, ruined, dispopulated. 1. jjujt (Per. hindu) Indian, who professes Hinduism. 110 Bhangargan - (1924) Totai Perso-Arabic words.. 141 Total Arabic words.. 68 Total Persian words.. 73 "I 1. AIII (Ar.allah) Supreme Being, God, Allah. (3) 2. i)j) (Ar. azad) free, independent, freedom. (2) 3. jli*ul (Per. istan-sitan-place) Place. 4. (ftiU*/l (Ar. islam lit. resignation to the will of God) name of the religion founded by the prophet Muhammad sm. 5. |»ju»l JJI (Ar. ibra- release, quitance, cancellation) name of the prophet Ibrahim 6. jj^l (Ar. amin-trustee, officers of govt employed either the Revenue, Department to take charge of an estate and collect the revenues or to investigate and report their amount or in the judicial Department as a judge or in arbitrator in civil cases, surveyor. 7. J.u»l (Ar. asal-root, origin) original, genuine, principal, real, original sum without interest added there of. 8- u'^l (Ps'"- iran) Persia, Iran. 1. ijjSij (Per. bondi) bound, captive, prisoner, imprisoned. 2. di«^\^ (Per. bey-without, Ar. iman-faith) faithless, dishonest, treacherous.(2) 3. •-• --j; (Per. behesht, mod. pr. behisht) heaven, paradise. Ill 4. ^l>i^<^ (Per. bey-without, Ar. din-religion) irreligious, heretical, infidel, disbeliever in God. 5. *-3>^3<-» (Per. bey-without, Ar. waquf-knowledge, being aware) without knowledge, unintelligence, foolish, ignorent, dull. 6. t.^ (Per. bagh) garden, orchard. 1. ''hji (Per. parwa) care, fear, anxiety. 2. *JW (Per. piyara) lover. 3. J»tj-^ J^ (Per. pul-bridge, Ar. sirat-street, way) street bridge, way bridge. 4. j^i (Per. payzar) shoes, slippers. 1. CJIJ (Ar. sails) umpire, mediator. 1. ^_,Jl j^Ls- (Per. chakr-servant, Beng ani fern, term) maid servent, lady servent. Z 1. ft'y^ir (Ar. jahannam-hell orig. valley of Hinem where children were. sacrificed) jahenna, hell, pardition, damnation (2) 2. <-r»'>=r' (Ar. juwab) answer, reply, response. 3. i::-jj>.(Ar.jannat) heaven, paradise. 4.AjLL>or 4. J^ Ar. halal) lawful, legal. 5. Ar. habib) friend, lover. t ,LLaJ>. Ar. khitab-address, discourse) title. 2. IJJ)- Per. khuda. Pah. khota) supreme Being, God, Allah. 3. -^ Ar. Khasiyy-crastrated) a crastrated animal, a crastrated goat, capon, eunuch (2). 4. dJIj^ Per. khorak. mod. pr. khurak) food, victuals, daily bread. 5. ^1^ Ar. khali) empty, vacant, blank. 6. U5^ Per. khun-blood) bloodshed, blood, murder. 7. l__)^^ Per. khub) much, excellent. 1. 2. tJB^ Per. dozakh, mod. pr. duzakh-hell), hell, perdition, dimnation (2). 3. i^j^^i Per. dushman) enemy, foe. 1. ^Ijji Ar. dabh, per. pr. dabh-slaughtering; sacrificing, Allah. Supreme Being) slaughtering by the name of God or Allah. 1. °J3J (Per. roza. mod. pr. ruza) fast-(for Muslim). 2. alj (Per. rah-way, course) road, path, way, course. 3. u^ij (Per. ruti) bread. 4.IJX4JUJIL_)J (Ar. rob-lord, Ar, alam-universe) Lord of the universe. Lord of the world. 2. j_^ (Per. pr. sar,sir, sans, shir) head. 113 3. i*i^ (Ar. salam, lit. peace) salutation, greetings. 4. jlj-*' (Per. sawar) rider, horseman. 5. 1. ,>:>-^ (Per. sher) lion, tiger (5). 2. (jl K' '^' (Ar. shaitan, lit. driven out) satan, devil, naUghty fellow, mischivious spirit. 3. (*j-^ (Per. sharm) shame, bashfulness, shiness. 4. I,>J-^ (Per shera-pure, excellent) best choised. 5. '^i^ (Ar. shahid) martyr (2). ]. SsSj-us (Ar. sirat-way) street, way, road. 1. o^>J» (Ar. tufan, per. tufan) storm, tornado, hurricane, high wind. 1. |«JJ3 (Ar. Zulum) oppression, injustice, tyrany. 2. pJUa (Ar. Zalim) oppressor, tyrant. t 1. '•^J-C'(Ar. id)Muhammadan festival. 2. »^>^ (Ar. izzat) honour, respect. 3 3 .tif (Ar. ishque) love. 1. (*Uii (Ar. gulam) slave, servent. 2. JaJ-t (Ar. galat) fault, defect, error, mistake. 114 3. LLiJL^ (Per. gusht) meat, flash. 4. OLLS (Per. guna) sin, vice. 1. j^jJ^^ (Per. faridpur, Ar. farid-alone, only) the name of a place. (6) 2. jLi ^j^LS (Sans faki. Per. baz in comp-dar-possessor) cheater. 3. ^>9 (Ar. forid) alone, only, unequal, peerless. (6) 4. jL) t_u>9 (Per. fereb baz, baz in comp-player) deceiever. 5. >>»i (Ar. fakhar) pride, glory. 1. c_»llS (Ar. kitab) book, writing. 2. u-4^ (Ar. kafan) shroud, winding sheet for a dead body. 3. >9LS(Ar. kafir) infidel, disbeliever in God. 4. I j3.«aJ (Ar. qasur) defect, fault, error, quilt, short. 2. LT^WJ^ (Ar. qurban, Per. qurbani, Per. 'i' for relation) sacrificing, slaughtering, sacrificing animal by the name of Allah. 3. *^-«L4-S (Ar. qiamot) day of Judgement, day of resurrection (11). 4. jT^ (Ar. qobr) grave, tomb. 1. J-S (Per. gul) fiower, rose. J 1. J*^ (Per. lal-red colour) gem, ruby, ruby coloured red, darling (2). 1. J^>^ (Ar. mahall. Per. pr. mahal) palace. 115 2. -Sj-o (Per. mord) hero, male (6). 3. jL«l**u« (musalman is a corrupted form of musliman Pers. pi. of Ar. Muslim) Muslim, Muhammadan, Musalman. 4 pi .110 (Ar. Muslim-one who professes Islam) Muslim, Musalman, Muhammadan (2). 5. i^^ (Ar. munafiq) hypocrite, hypocritical, dissi-mulating. U jUi (Per. nomaj) prayer. •k "k "k-k "k "k "k "k it