INDEX 314 © in This Web Service Cambridge

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88288-0 - The Cambridge Companion to English Literature, 1830-1914 Edited by Joanne Shattock Index More information

INDEX

adventure fiction 257–9 Bell, Charles 186, 190 agnosticism 217 Benjamin, Walter 109, 288 T. H. Huxley defines 166 Bennett, Arnold 46 Ainsworth, W. H. 150 biography 20–1, 51 Jack Sheppard 151 and history 121 All the Year Round 184 collective biographies 56–9 Allen, Grant 80–1 Victorian ‘lives and letters’ 56 Ally Sloper’s Half Holiday 45 of women 64 Anglicanism see Church of England Bird, Isabella 55 ‘Annales’ school of history 109 Blackwood, John 25 annuals 234–5 Blackwood, William 15 anonymity 81–4 Blackwood’s Magazine 44, 132 anti-poor law movement 128, 129–35 Margaret Oliphant in 76, 97–100 Blackwood’s Magazine on 132 Blagden, Isa 297 and Oliver Twist 133–5 Blessington, Lady 57 Arnold, Matthew 12, 166 Bodley Head, publishers 18 on authorship 9 Bonwick, James 265 Culture and Anarchy 112, 207 book design 29 n.34 ‘Dover Beach’ 217, 285 book making 84 Essays in Criticism 87 book production 13, 30 ‘The Function of Criticism’ 79 exports 13 associationism 186; see also Hartley mechanization 13 Athenaeum 94 print runs 13 authorship 9–12 Bookman, The 17 commodification of 19 Boswell, James 51 performativity 22 Braddon, Mary Elizabeth 27, 153 press signature 92, 94 parody of 154 professionalization of 10, 15, 72 Lady Audley’s Secret 153–4, 190 see also celebrity; pseudonyms; see also sensation fiction technology Bradlaugh, Charles 207 autobiography 52–4, 62–4 Bridgewater Treatises 169 British Association for the Advancement Baden-Powell, Robert of Science 170 Scouting for Boys 159 Bronte¨, Charlotte 16, 187 Bagehot, Walter 76, 77–8 and phrenology 189 Bain, Alexander 195 Harriet Martineau on 65 Ballantyne, R. M. 257 Jane Eyre 53, 189, 210 The Coral Island 158, 258 Life of Charlotte Bronte¨ 65 Barclay, Florence 46 Shirley 208

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© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88288-0 - The Cambridge Companion to English Literature, 1830-1914 Edited by Joanne Shattock Index More information

index

The Professor 189 Chartism 35, 128, 135–9 Villette 65, 189 Chartist literature 136 Bronte¨, Emily, 24 see also Cooper; Jones Brown, Thomas 191 Christmas publishing 42, 193 Browning, Elizabeth Barrett 18, 36, 288, annuals for 234 295–7 Church of England 210 Aurora Leigh 53, 292, 294, 299–301 ‘muscular Christianity in’ 212–15 Casa Guidi Windows 295 see also Oxford Movement Poems before Congress 296–7 cinema 157, 225–6 Browning, Robert 18, 37, 114 Cobbe, Frances Power 101–3 and Italy 298–9 on domestic violence 101–3 ‘Fra Lippo Lippi’ 114, 231 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 170 The Ring and the Book 299 Collins, Wilkie 36, 40, 187, 235 Bulwer-Lytton, Edward 152 No Name 190–1 England and the English 152 The Moonstone 254 The Caxtons 256 The Woman in White 155 Bunyan, John 38, 54 colonial writers 264–5 Burton, Sir Richard 55 Combe, George 188 Butler, Josephine 99 common-place books 33 Butler, Samuel 210 Conan Doyle, Sir Arthur 40, 179 Byron, Lord 61, 127 Sherlock Holmes 230 and J. S. Mill 62 A Study in Scarlet 263 biographies of 61 ‘Condition of England’ novels 139–42; see also Disraeli; Gaskell; Kingsley Caine, Thomas Hall 13, 44 Conrad, Joseph 44, 158 Caird, Mona 103–7 Heart of Darkness 263 responds to Eliza Lynn Linton 106 consumerism, literature and 12; ‘Marriage’ 105 see also market, literary camera obscura 246 n.5 Cooper, Thomas 136 Canada, novels about 256 copyright, international 45, 273 Carleton, William 256 Corelli, Marie 11–12, 44 Carpenter, Edward 18, 279 Craik, G. L. 58, 74 Carpenter, William 194 criticism, literary 72–5 ‘Carroll, Lewis’ (Charles Lutwidge Dodgson) academic criticism 80, 84, 87 205–6 anonymity in 81–4 Carlyle, Thomas 27, 59–60, 74, 75, 259 changes in 78–9 on race 259 critics, literary 72–5, 78, 80 ‘Biography’ 55 Cross, John Walter 66–7 Chartism 135 Cruikshank, George 133, 151 Essays 84 Cullwick, Hannah 58 On Heroes and Hero-Worship 59 Cushman, Charlotte 297 ‘On History’ 120 Cuvier, Georges 176, 179 Past and Present 228 Sartor Resartus 60 Dallas, E. S. 192, 222 The French Revolution 119–20 Darling, Grace 57 Cartwright, Julia 122–3 Darwin, Charles 120, 165–6, 168, 174, 216 Cassell’s Family Magazine 40 Autobiography 64 Cather, Willa 280 Origin of Species 173–4, 212 celebrity, of authors 19, 22 The Expression of Emotion 190 Charles Dickens 11, 19 Defoe, Daniel 55 Harriet Beecher Stowe 276 degeneration 197 Oscar Wilde 279 De Quincey, Thomas 82, 84 Chambers, William and Robert 74 periodical writing 85

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De Sta¨el, Germaine 83, 294 on realism 229 Corinne 294–5 states of consciousness in 195–7 Dickens, Charles 11, 119, 170, 187, 251 writes for periodicals 76 as celebrity 11 Adam Bede 208, 228–9 Carlyle’s influence on 119–20 Daniel Deronda 219, 261 on copyright 273 Felix Holt 222 popularity in Empire 265–6 Middlemarch 173–4, 232 public readings 36 Romola 116–18, 299, illustrations in 234 working-class readers of 36 Silas Marner 196, 208 A Christmas Carol 193 The Mill on the Floss 196–7 A Tale of Two Cities 119, 150, 185, 194, ‘The Spanish Gypsy’ 25 290–1 ‘Woman in France’ 83–4 All the Year Round 36 Eliot, T.S. Bleak House 172, 209, 210, 214, 228 The Waste Land 27 David Copperfield 193, 209 Elliott, Ebenezer 37 Dombey and Son 209 Ellis, Havelock 198 Domestic Manners of the Americans 274 Elwin, Whitwell 78 Hard Times 175, 193 emigration, narratives of 256–7 Household Words 36 Empire 251–67 Little Dorrit 127, 191, 228 fictions of 157–9 Nicholas Nickleby 152 poets on 253 Oliver Twist 133–5, 218 reading in 32, 265–6 Our Mutual Friend 177–8, 218, 265 see also imperial Gothic writing; Pickwick Papers 208 melodrama Pictures from Italy 289 English Historical Review 108 The Chimes 193 English Men of Letters series 17, 51, 66 The Haunted Man 193, 201 Erickson, Lee 15, 71, 84 The Old Curiosity Shop 208, 232 essays 78, 80 Dictionary of National Biography 51, 56, 66 as literary form 72 Oxford DNB 68 collected 84 Dilke, Charles Wentworth 262 publication of 15 Disraeli, Benjamin 139, 156, 217–19 ‘review-like essay’ 76, 84 Coningsby 218 Europe, concept of 286 Sybil 139–40, 261 periodicals committed to 287 Tancred 218–19, 260–1 Evangelicalism 209–10 Dryden, John 54 Du Maurier, George 292 Faraday, Michael 173 Dunn, Waldo H. 55 Figaro in London 131 fig.2 Finden, Edward Francis 57 East India Company 253 Fisher Unwin, publishers 18 Eastlake, Elizabeth 225 FitzGerald, Edward 11 Echo, The 101 Flaubert, Gustave 23 Edinburgh Review 72, 76, 81 Forster, John 20 Education Acts 41 Life of Charles Dickens 20 Egan, Pierce 170 Fox, W.J. 75, 266 Life in London 231 Foxe’s Book of Martyrs 54 Eliot, George 21, 66–7, 167, 174, 187, 217, France, literary relations with 287–93; 265, 292 see also Paris anonymous reviewing 82–4 Fraser’s Magazine 73 biographies of 66–7 ‘Gallery of Illustrious Literary Margaret Oliphant on 97 Characters’ 57 on Aurora Leigh 299 Frederic, Harold 280 on Origin of Species 174 French Revolution 147

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Froude, J. A. 59 Henley, W.E. 19 biography of Carlyle 59 Hervey, T.K. 74 Oceana 262 historical novel 116–19 Fullerton, Lady Georgiana 216 history approaches to 108–10 Gall, Franz Joseph 185 history and narrative 116 Galsworthy, John 47 Holland, Henry 192, 199 Galton, Francis 198, 230, 262 Hopkins, Gerard Manley 216 Gaskell, Elizabeth 14, 187 Horne, R. H. 58 ‘A Dark Night’s Work’ 184 Hotten, John Camden 18 Cranford 255 Howitt, William and Mary 58 Life of Charlotte Bronte¨ 20, 65 Hughes, Thomas 211 Mary Barton 21, 140–2, 169, 255 Hunt, Holman 242 fig. 12.7, 285 North and South 36, 139, 208, 217, 255 Hunt, Leigh 36 Ruth 207 Hutton, Richard Holt 86 Sylvia’s Lovers 139, 208 Huxley, T.H. 165–6, 200 Gaskell, William 207 hypnotism 199 Germany, literary relations with 286–7 hysteria 199 Gilroy, Paul 272 Gissing, George 11, 198 illustration 233–44 on three decker novels 11 in periodicals 234–41 Gladstone, W.E. 40, 217 Pre-Raphaelites and 241 Glyn, Elinor, 46 India, attitudes to 254 Gore, Catherine 152–3, 235 in fiction 254–5 The Banker’s Wife; or Court and City 152 imperial Gothic writing 263–4 Gosse, Edmund 9, 50–2 imperialism, see Empire Father and Son 50–2, 216 insanity 186 ‘The Custom of Biography’ 50–1 Ireland Gosse, Philip 50 representation of 256 Great Writers series 17 writers from 264 Grote, Harriet 79 Italy expatriates in 297–8 Haggard, Rider 157, 258, 263 images of 294 Allan Quatermain 158 Henry James on 300 King Solomon’s Mines 158 literary relations with 293–301 Hall, Basil 274 Risorgimento 286, 291, 300 Hamilton, William 191 women writers in 297–8 Hardy, Thomas 14, 167, 217 A Pair of Blue Eyes 178–9 James, Alice 66 Jude the Obscure 233 James, Henry 10, 13, 23, 300 Tess of the d’Urbervilles 208 and Wilde 277 ‘The Fiddler of the Reels’ 113 as transatlantic writer 280–3 ‘The Withered Arm’ 198 on Hawthorne 281 Harkness, Margaret 145 on Italy 300 Harland, Henry 280 on Margaret Oliphant 98 Hartley, David 185–6 on the United States 281–2 Hawthorne, Nathaniel 281 ‘The Aspern Papers’ 300–1 and Henry James 281 James, William 200 The Marble Faun 298 Jameson, Anna 64–5, 92–7 Hazlitt, William 58 as journalist 92–7 Heine, Heinrich 9 The Diary of an Ennuye´e 64–5 Heinemann, William, 16 ‘The Milliners’ 92–4 Hellenism, Victorian 124 Jeffrey, Francis 72, 75

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Jerrold, Douglas 129, 150, 151 literacy rates 30 Black Ey’d Susan 257 Education Acts and 41 Jewish themes see Judaism in Scotland 31 Johnson, Lionel, 10 literary agents 16 Johnstone, Christian 252 literary tourism 19 Jones, Ernest 136–9 Lockhart, John Gibson 20 De Brassier 137–9 Life of Scott 61 Judaism, in fiction 218–20; see also Disraeli, Life and Letters of 61 Tancred, and Eliot, Daniel Deronda London Journal 237 fig. 12.3 Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III) 288, 296 Keble, John, 212 Lyte, Henry Francis 215 Kelmscott Press 244; see also William Morris Kelvin, Lord 169, 171 Macaulay, Thomas Babington 61, 75, 85 Kingsley, Charles 63, 176, 211 Essays 84 Alton Locke 211 Macmillan, Alexander and Daniel, Madam How and Lady Why 170 publishers 14, 17, 26, 74 Westward Ho! 259 Malthusianism 132 Kingsley, Mary 55 Manchester Guardian 34 Kingston, W.H. G. 257–8 Mansel, Henry 156 Kipling, Rudyard 19 Mantell, Gideon 179 Knox, Robert 261–2 manuscripts, typesetting of 24–5 Mare´chal, Sylvain 128 Lamb, Charles and Mary 38 market, literary 12–19 Lane, John, see Bodley Head Marryatt, Frederick 157 Lang, Andrew: biography of J. G. Lockhart 61 on copyright 273 Lavater, John Casper 188 Masterman Ready 257 Lawrence, D. H. 47 Martin, Sarah 57–8 Lawrence and Bullen, publishers 11 Martineau, Harriet 75 Layard, A. H. 113 Autobiography 64 Lee, Sidney 51 Biographical Sketches 65, 76 Lee, Vernon 114–16, 301 Masefield, John 37 Limbo and Other Essays 115 Massey, Gerald 38–9 Studies on the Eighteenth Century in Masson, David 74, 75 Italy 115 collected essays 86 Le Fanu, Sheridan 233 material culture 114–16 Leighton, Frederic 117, 240 Maudsley, Henry 198 Lever, Charles 39 Maurice, F.D. 211 Lewes, G. H. 66, 74, 75, 118, 186, 191 Mayhew, Henry 35, 236 collected reviews 86 Meadows, Kenny 129 ‘The Condition of Authors’ 72–3 mechanics’ institutes 36 The Physiology of Common Life 195 melodrama 128–9, 137, 151 The Study of Psychology 187–8 imperial 157 libraries, circulating 39–41, 56; Men and Women of the Time 58 see also Charles Mudie; W.H. Smith mental science 186–8; see also psychology libraries, public 42–3 mesmerism 194 life writing 20, 50–68 Methodism, in fiction 208 by women 64 Meynell, Alice 121–2 see also autobiography; biography on women’s history 121–2 Linton, Eliza Lynn 103 ‘The Watershed’ 293 The Autobiography of Christopher ‘Michael Field’ (Katharine Bradley and Kirkland 104 Edith Cooper) 122 ‘The Girl of the Period’ 104–5 Mill, James 62, 85, 133 ‘The Wild Women’ 105 Mill, John Stuart 99, 167

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Margaret Oliphant on 99 Oakley, Frederick 78 on Carlyle 119 Oliphant, Margaret 54, 65, 75, 76 Autobiography 62 as journalist 97–101 Modernist writers, readers of 31 on George Eliot 67, 97 Monthly Repository 75 on sensation fiction 155 Moore, Thomas 61 on the ‘Woman Question’ 98–100 Morley, John 9, 51, 66, 81 Annals of a Publishing House 97 collected essays 86 Autobiography 67 Morning Chronicle 34 Salem Chapel 208 Morris, William 128 ‘The Ethics of Biography’ 60 debt to Carlyle 144 Osgood, McIlvaine, publishers 17 Kelmscott Press 244 Ouida (Marie Louise Rame´e) 39 News from Nowhere 143–4, 244, Owen, Richard 174, 180 245, fig. 12.8 coins ‘dinosaur’ 175 Moxon & Co., publishers 17, 241–3; dinornis 175 see also Tennyson in Hard Times 175 Mudie, Charles 40 model for serialization 177 Myers, F.W.H. 199 Thackeray acknowledges 177 Oxford Movement, 212–15 nation, concepts of 252 in historical fiction 252–3 Pall Mall Gazette 40 in Gaskell’s novels 255 Paris, impact of 288–93 national identity, in literature 252 in Aurora Leigh 292 natural theology 169 Pater, Walter 19, 53, 123, 201 English tradition of 176 on authorship 9 Neale, John Mason 215 Appreciations 87 Net Book Agreement 15 Dionysus and Other Studies 25 New Age 46 Imaginary Portraits 178 Newbolt, Henry 19 Plato and Platonism 168 Newgate Calendar 55 The Renaissance 244 Newgate novel 150 Patmore, Coventry 37 Newman, J. H. 167, 213, 215 as reviewer 82 Apologia Pro Vita Sua 62–3, 215 Payn, James 14 Callista 215 Penny Cyclopedia 58 Loss and Gain 215 ‘Penny Dreadfuls’ 35 see also Oxford Movement Penny Magazine 58 newspapers periodical press 72–5 radical press 129 ephemerality of 85 readership of 33–5 ‘higher journalism’ 73 Nietzsche, Friedrich 108, 120, 227 hybrid form 94 nonconformism, in fiction 207–9 illustrations in 234–41 Northern Star 35 ‘open platform’ 107 n. 2 novels press signature in 92, 94 cheap reprints 39 rise of 72 monthly parts 176 women writers in 91 publishing formats 15 see also newspapers; reviews; weekly reviews reading of 32 phenakistoscope 226 ‘silver fork’ novels 151–3 photography 223, 230 three deckers 11, 15, 43 phrenology 179, 188–9 ‘yellow backs’ 39 physiognomy 188–91 see also adventure fiction; ‘Condition of Pinker, J. B. 16 England’ novels; sensation fiction; Poe, Edgar Allen 179 serialization; utopian fiction ‘The Fall of the House of Usher’ 233

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poetry 14–15 Reading Experience Database 48 n. 10 reading of 37 reading public 13 sales of 18 size of 31–2 popular culture 147–59 Rees, Arthur J. 179 definition of 148–9 religion 206–7 royal wedding in 153–4 scientists’ responses to 169–70 technology in 157 Victorian ‘crisis of faith’ 217 the city and 149 see also Church of England; see also melodrama; sensation fiction Evangelicalism; Methodism; popular fiction 43–7, 151–3 nonconformism; Quakers; Roman Pre-Raphaelites 37 Catholicism; Unitarianism as illustrators 241 reviewing 72–5, 77–8, 80 poetry and painting 241 anonymity in 82–4 Pringle, Thomas 264 ‘review like essay’ in 76, 84 Pritchett, V.S. 45 reviews 43, 73, 78; see also Edinburgh proofs, use of in printing 24–5 Review; weekly reviews; Westminster Proust, Marcel 64 Review pseudonyms 21–2 Reynolds, G. W.M. 35 psychology 185–7, 197 The Mysteries of London 150, 236, associationism 185 fig. 12.4 double consciousness 192 Richardson, Samuel 55 dreams 187 Roman Catholicism 215, 216; see also Sully, James see also Newman, J. H. publishing Rossetti, Christina 215 of poetry 14 and Italy 293 technological changes in 23–7 Rossetti, Dante Gabriel 112–13 see also manuscripts; proofs; readers illustrates Tennyson 241 Punch 20, 129, fig. 7.1 poetry and painting linked 243 Pusey, E. B. 213 Rossetti, Maria 215 Routledge’s Railway Library 39 Quakers, in literature 208 Rowcroft, Charles 256 royal wedding (1863) 153–4 race Ruskin, John 19, 229, 236, 259 and history 261 Fors Clavigera 110–11 Disraeli on 260–1 Praeterita 63–4 in Daniel Deronda 260 Stones of Venice 114 theories of 259–62 railways 39–40 Saintsbury, George 61, 71–2 impact on reading 39–40 Saturday Review 104 Reade, Charles 39 science 165–83 readers, publishers’ 16, 25 ambiguities in 170 readerships 30 and pseudoscience 179 of fiction 32 and religion 165 of modernist works 31, 47 antithesis of literature 166 reading habits 30, 33, 39–40 definition of 170 working-class readers 34 pervasive influence of 168 see also literacy rates popularization of 171 reading 54 science fiction 263 impact of railways on 39–40 Scott, Sir Walter 13 in the Empire 265–6 anonymity 22 lighting in 31 biography of 20, 61 of newspapers 33–5 nationhood in 252–3 reading aloud 37, 45 popularity 38

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Guy Mannering 253 Taylor, Philip Meadows 254 sensation fiction 40, 153–6, 184, 190 technology 13 dangers of 156 and authorship 23–7 parody of 154 visual technologies 223–7 royal wedding and 153–4 see also typesetting; typewriter see also Braddon; Collins; Wood Tennyson, Alfred 14, 24, 27, 266 serialization, of fiction 36, 177–8 as Poet Laureate 266 influence of Richard Owen on 177, 178 Moxon edition of 241–3 see also novels popularity 37 Seymour, Robert 129, fig. 7.2 Idylls of the King 266 illustrates Dickens 234 In Memoriam 167, 211–12 Shorthouse, J. H. 215 ‘The Lady of Shalott’ 241, fig. 12.7 Short’s Observatory, Edinburgh 223, fig. 12.1 Thackeray, W. M. 171 Sidgwick, Henry 199 illustrations 238 Simcox, Edith 66 representations of India 254 Smiles, Samuel 38, 41 Roundabout Papers 168 Self-Help 59, 260 The Newcomes 177 Smith, George 16 Vanity Fair 24, 240, fig. 12.6 Smith, Sydney 73 three deckers see novel Smithers, Leonard 18 time, concepts of 110 Snow, C. P. 166 Times, The 33, 37 socialist literature 143; see also utopian Titbits 44 fiction Tractarianism see Oxford Movement Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge Traill, Catherine Parr 256 (SDUK) 35, 58 transatlantic literary relations 270–3 Society for Psychical Research 199 communication in 272 Society of Authors 16, 104 critical approaches to 272 Spencer, Herbert 195 translations, literary 286 Stead, W.T. 40, 43 travel writing 55, 273–80 Stephen, Leslie 51, 77, 86 Tressel, Robert 46 on George Eliot 66 Trevelyan, George Otto 61 An Agnostic’s Apology 217 The Competition Wallah 260 stereoscope 226, fig. 12.2 Trollope, Anthony 1.81 Stevenson, R. L. 200, 258 Autobiography 63 Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde 13, 200, 263 Barchester Towers 214–15 Stiff, George 150 Castle Richmond 256 Stoker, Bram Trollope, Frances 63, 288 Dracula 158, 181, 190, 198, 263 Domestic Manners of the Americans 273–4 Stowe, Harriet Beecher 61, 275–6 Paris and the Parisians in 1835 288–90 as celebrity 276 Trollope, Theodosia 285, 295 Uncle Tom’s Cabin 275 typesetting 23–6 Strachey, Lytton 52 manuscripts used in 24–5 street literature 129–32 see also proofs Sue, Eugene 150 typewriter, use of 23, 26–7 Sully, James 192, 199, 201 typography see book design on dreams 197–8 Swinburne, Algernon 17, 38 Unitarianism, in literature 207 and Whitman 278 utopian fiction 143, 144, 159 Poems and Ballads 287 Victoria, Queen Taine, Hippolyte 9 as celebrity 57 ‘Taxes on Knowledge’ 33, 56 Longfellow visits 279 Taylor, Harriet 62 visuality 222–45

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visuality (cont.) manuscripts 25, 27 realism and 230 meets Henry James 277 Vizetelly, Henry 32 use of typewriting 26–7 Willa Cather on 280 Ward, Mary 11–12 De Profundis 26 Robert Elsmere 217 Intentions 87 Watt, A. P. 16 ‘The Ballad of Reading Gaol’ 18 weekly reviews 80 The Picture of Dorian Gray 201–2 Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 81 Wiseman, Cardinal Nicholas 216 Wells, H. G. 113 Wodehouse, P.G. 264 The Time Machine 144, 158 Wollstonecraft, Mary 122 The War of the Worlds 264 ‘Woman Question’ 98–100, 101 Westminster Review 83 women in journalism 91 George Eliot in 76 women of letters 75–6 Harriet Martineau in 75 Wood, Ellen W. H. Smith (booksellers) 31, 39 East Lynne 153, 155–6 Whewell, William 167, 170 Woolf, Virginia 37, 51 Whistler, James McNeill 280 ‘The New Biography’ 51 White, Hayden 109 Wordsworth, William 62 White, William Hale (‘Mark Rutherford’) 208 World War I 37 Whitman, Walt 278–9 reading communities in 47 and Edward Carpenter 279 World’s Classics 44, 46 Swinburne on 278 Wilde, Oscar 10, 18, 19, 21, 23 ‘yellow backs’ 236, fig 12.5; see also novels and America 277 Yonge, Charlotte Mary 215 and Walt Whitman 278–9 as celebrity 279 Zangwill, Israel 219

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