3 PART KIDNEY MODEL Interlobular Artery & Vein

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3 PART KIDNEY MODEL Interlobular Artery & Vein Renal Pelvis Arcuate Artery & Vein Calyces Interlobar Artery & Vein Renal Papilla Renal Artery Renal Pyramid Renal Vein Hilum Renal Column Opening of Kidney Area between renal pyramids Ureter Medulla Inner Region Renal Sinus Cavity beneath Cortex renal pelvis Outer Region Renal Capsule Whole Kidney 3 PART KIDNEY MODEL Nephron Bowman’s Capsule Distal Convoluted Tubule Glomerulus Interlobular Artery & Vein Arcuate Artery Proximal Convoluted Tubule & Vein Collecting Duct Interlobar Vein & Artery Descending Limb of Loop of Henle Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle Loop of Henle 3 PART KIDNEY MODEL Corpuscle Afferent Arteriole Efferent Arteriole Juxtaglomerular Apparatus Glomerulus Visceral Layer Of the bowman’s Bowman’s Capsule capsule made up of Podocytes Parietal Layer Of the bowman’s capsule 3 PART KIDNEY MODEL Whole Kidney 3 PART KIDNEY MODEL Nephron 3 PART KIDNEY MODEL Corpuscle Of the bowman’s capsule made up of _________________ Of the bowman’s capsule MALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS Ductus Inguinal Canal Deferens Urinary Urinary Bladder Bladder Ductus Seminal Deferens Vesicle Seminal Prostate Gland Vesicle Prostate Inguinal Gland Canal Spermatic Spermatic With Cord With Cord Testicular Testicular Artery& Artery& Vein Vein Penis Penis Epididymis Epididymis Glans Testes Glans Testes Scrotum Scrotum MALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS Urinary Urinary Bladder Bladder Spongy Ejaculatory Urethra DuctCC Prostatic Prostatic Urethra Urethra Prostate Prostate Gland Gland Ejaculatory Corpora Duct Cavernosa Corpora Corpus Cavernosa Spongiosum Corpus Spongiosum Spongy Urethra Scrotum Testes Testes Epididymis Scrotum MALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS MALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS OVARY MODEL Germinal Epithelium Follicle Cells Corpus Albicans Primordial Corpus Follicle Albicans Antrum Open Space within Secondary Graafian follicle Follicle Corpus Luteum Primary Follicle Graafian Follicle Oocyte Corona Radiata OVARY MODEL FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS Uterus Uterus Urinary Bladder Urinary Bladder Clitoris Clitoris Labia Labia Majora Minora Labia Labia Minora Majora FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS Perimetrium Myometrium Endo- metrium Perimetrium Ovary Fallopian Myometrium Tube Endo- Round metrium Ligament Cervix Urinary Urinary Bladder Bladder Cervix Vagina Vagina Clitoris Urethra Urethra Clitoris Labia Labia Minora Minora Labia Labia Majora Majora FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS Broad Ligament Fimbriae Infindibulum Round Ovary Ligament Fallopian Fallopian Tube Tube Infindibulum Ovarian Ligament Fimbriae Round Broad Ligament Ligament Fundus Ovary Body Vagina Cervix Urethra Fundus Urethra Clitoris Vagina Cervix Clitoris Body Ovarian Ligament FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE MODELS URINARY ORGANS MODEL Adrenal Gland Kidney Kidney Renal Artery Ureter Renal Vein Ureter Gonadal Artery & Vein Gonadal Artery & Vein URINARY ORGANS MODEL Female Organs Ovaries Female Organs Fallopian Tubes Uterus Urinary Bladder Perimetrium Uterus Myometrium Endometrium Cervix Urinary Bladder Vagina Mucosal Lining Muscular Wall Urethra Male Organs URINARY ORGANS MODEL Ductus Deferens Seminal Vesicle Prostate Gland Urinary Bladder Prostatic Urethra Prostate Gland Urinary Bladder Muscular Wall Trigone Mucosal Lining Ureters URINARY ORGANS MODEL URINARY ORGANS MODEL URINARY ORGANS MODEL .

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Reference Sheet 1

MALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 8 7 8 OJ 7 .£l"00\.....• ;:; ::>0\~ <Il '"~IQ)I"->. ~cru::>s ~ 6 5 bladder penis prostate gland 4 scrotum seminal vesicle testicle urethra vas deferens FEMALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 2 1 8 " \ 5 ... - ... j 4 labia \ ""\ bladderFallopian"k. "'"f"";".'''¥'&.tube\'WIT / I cervixt r r' \ \ clitorisurethrauterus 7 \ ~~ ;~f4f~ ~:iJ 3 ovaryvagina / ~ 2 / \ \\"- 9 6 adapted from F.L.A.S.H. Reproductive System Reference Sheet 3: GLOSSARY Anus – The opening in the buttocks from which bowel movements come when a person goes to the bathroom. It is part of the digestive system; it gets rid of body wastes. Buttocks – The medical word for a person’s “bottom” or “rear end.” Cervix – The opening of the uterus into the vagina. Circumcision – An operation to remove the foreskin from the penis. Cowper’s Glands – Glands on either side of the urethra that make a discharge which lines the urethra when a man gets an erection, making it less acid-like to protect the sperm. Clitoris – The part of the female genitals that’s full of nerves and becomes erect. It has a glans and a shaft like the penis, but only its glans is on the out side of the body, and it’s much smaller. Discharge – Liquid. Urine and semen are kinds of discharge, but the word is usually used to describe either the normal wetness of the vagina or the abnormal wetness that may come from an infection in the penis or vagina. Duct – Tube, the fallopian tubes may be called oviducts, because they are the path for an ovum.
Te2, Part Iii

TERMINOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGICA Second Edition International Embryological Terminology FIPAT The Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology A programme of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) TE2, PART III Contents Caput V: Organogenesis Chapter 5: Organogenesis (continued) Systema respiratorium Respiratory system Systema urinarium Urinary system Systemata genitalia Genital systems Coeloma Coelom Glandulae endocrinae Endocrine glands Systema cardiovasculare Cardiovascular system Systema lymphoideum Lymphoid system Bibliographic Reference Citation: FIPAT. Terminologia Embryologica. 2nd ed. FIPAT.library.dal.ca. Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology, February 2017 Published pending approval by the General Assembly at the next Congress of IFAA (2019) Creative Commons License: The publication of Terminologia Embryologica is under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) license The individual terms in this terminology are within the public domain. Statements about terms being part of this international standard terminology should use the above bibliographic reference to cite this terminology. The unaltered PDF files of this terminology may be freely copied and distributed by users. IFAA member societies are authorized to publish translations of this terminology. Authors of other works that might be considered derivative should write to the Chair of FIPAT for permission to publish a derivative work. Caput V: ORGANOGENESIS Chapter 5: ORGANOGENESIS
Reproductive System, Day 2 Grades 4-6, Lesson #12

Family Life and Sexual Health, Grades 4, 5 and 6, Lesson 12 F.L.A.S.H. Reproductive System, day 2 Grades 4-6, Lesson #12 Time Needed 40-50 minutes Student Learning Objectives To be able to... 1. Distinguish reproductive system facts from myths. 2. Distinguish among definitions of: ovulation, ejaculation, intercourse, fertilization, implantation, conception, circumcision, genitals, and semen. 3. Explain the process of the menstrual cycle and sperm production/ejaculation. Agenda 1. Explain lesson’s purpose. 2. Use transparencies or your own drawing skills to explain the processes of the male and female reproductive systems and to answer “Anonymous Question Box” questions. 3. Use Reproductive System Worksheets #3 and/or #4 to reinforce new terminology. 4. Use Reproductive System Worksheet #5 as a large group exercise to reinforce understanding of the reproductive process. 5. Use Reproductive System Worksheet #6 to further reinforce Activity #2, above. This lesson was most recently edited August, 2009. Public Health - Seattle & King County • Family Planning Program • © 1986 • revised 2009 • www.kingcounty.gov/health/flash 12 - 1 Family Life and Sexual Health, Grades 4, 5 and 6, Lesson 12 F.L.A.S.H. Materials Needed Classroom Materials: OPTIONAL: Reproductive System Transparency/Worksheets #1 – 2, as 4 transparencies (if you prefer not to draw) OPTIONAL: Overhead projector Student Materials: (for each student) Reproductive System Worksheets 3-6 (Which to use depends upon your class’ skill level. Each requires slightly higher level thinking.) Public Health - Seattle & King County • Family Planning Program • © 1986 • revised 2009 • www.kingcounty.gov/health/flash 12 - 2 Family Life and Sexual Health, Grades 4, 5 and 6, Lesson 12 F.L.A.S.H.
Uterine Rupture During Subsequent

ISSN: 2474-1353 Nishida et al. Int J Womens Health Wellness 2018, 4:070 DOI: 10.23937/2474-1353/1510070 Volume 4 | Issue 1 International Journal of Open Access Women’s Health and Wellness RESEARCH ARTICLE Uterine Rupture during Subsequent Pregnancy following Adeno- myomectomy - Report of Five Cases and Proposal for Prevention Masato Nishida1*, Yasuo Otsubo1, Yuko Arai1, Ryota Ichikawa1, Yuzuru Kondo2, Hiroya Itagaki1 and Miyako Sakanaka1 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization, Kasumigaura Medical Center, Japan 2Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization, Kasumigaura Medical Center, Tsuchiura, Japan *Corresponding author: Masato Nishida, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization, Kasumigaura Medical Center, 2-7-14 Shimotakatsu, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki, 300-8585, Japan, Check for Tel: +81-29-822-5050, Fax: +81-29-824-0494, E-mail: [email protected] updates Abstract taining the possibility of conception following surgery Purpose: The risk of uterine rupture is a major concern for [2,3]. Various perinatal complications are associated women who become pregnant after undergoing an adeno- with an adenomyomectomy [4], thus consensus for its myomectomy. The aim of this study was to investigate the indications among obstetricians has not been obtained. mechanism of uterine rupture and improve the surgical pro- Notably, uterine rupture is a lethal condition for both cedure used for prevention. mother and fetus [5]. Material and methods: Five patients who experienced uterine rupture during subsequent pregnancy after under- It is clinically important to investigate the mecha- going an adenomyomectomy performed with an open lapa- nism of uterine rupture in affected patients, and also rotomy were retrospectively investigated.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Female ReproducVe System

Human Anatomy Unit 3 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Female Reproducve System • Gonads = ovaries – almond shaped – flank the uterus on either side – aached to the uterus and body wall by ligaments • Gametes = oocytes – released from the ovary during ovulaon – Develop within ovarian follicles Ligaments • Broad ligament – Aaches to walls and floor of pelvic cavity – Connuous with parietal peritoneum • Round ligament – Perpendicular to broad ligament • Ovarian ligament – Lateral surface of uterus ‐ ‐> medial surface of ovary • Suspensory ligament – Lateral surface of ovary ‐ ‐> pelvic wall Ovarian Follicles • Layers of epithelial cells surrounding ova • Primordial follicle – most immature of follicles • Primary follicle – single layer of follicular (granulosa) cells • Secondary – more than one layer and growing cavies • Graafian – Fluid filled antrum – ovum supported by many layers of follicular cells – Ovum surrounded by corona radiata Ovarian Follicles Corpus Luteum • Ovulaon releases the oocyte with the corona radiata • Leaves behind the rest of the Graafian follicle • Follicle becomes corpus luteum • Connues to secrete hormones to support possible pregnancy unl placenta becomes secretory or no implantaon • Becomes corpus albicans when no longer funconal Corpus Luteum and Corpus Albicans Uterine (Fallopian) Tubes • Ciliated tubes – Passage of the ovum to the uterus and – Passage of sperm toward the ovum • Fimbriae – finger like projecons that cover the ovary and sway, drawing the ovum inside aer ovulaon The Uterus • Muscular, hollow organ – supports
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection Mimicking Testicular Malignancy In

270 Sex Transm Inf 1999;75:270 Chlamydia trachomatis infection mimicking Sex Transm Infect: first published as 10.1136/sti.75.4.270 on 1 August 1999. Downloaded from Case report: testicular malignancy in a young man cobblestone A M Ward, J H Rogers, C S Estcourt A young man with a low risk history for sexually transmitted diseases presented with an appar- ently longstanding, previously asymptomatic scrotal mass, highly suggestive of testicular malignancy on palpation. Ultrasound sited the lesion in the epididymis. Although there was no evidence of urethritis, chlamydia polymerase chain reaction testing was positive. Tumour mark- ers were negative. Complete clinical and radiological response was achieved after a long course of doxycycline treatment, without surgical exploration of the scrotum, conﬁrming the diagnosis of chlamydial epididymitis. (Sex Transm Inf 1999;75:270) Keywords: testicular malignancy; Chlamydia trachomatis; epididymitis A 36 year old Chinese man presented with a 2 Fifteen months later the patient was asymp- day history of a sore scrotal lump. He had no tomatic with normal examination and ultra- urethral discharge or dysuria, and no history of sonography, and negative urinary chlamydia sexually transmitted diseases. He denied any PCR. He declined semen analysis. extramarital sexual partners since his marriage 5 years ago, but acknowledged four or ﬁve female partners before that. The couple had one child and were using condoms for contra- Discussion ception. Longstanding, subacute epididymitis, present- Examination revealed left sided scrotal ing with a painless scrotal mass, and without swelling and a mildly tender mass, inseparable evidence of urethritis, is an unusual complica- from the lower pole of the left testis, with an tion of chlamydial infection.1 irregular surface and rock hard consistency.
Excretory Products and Their Elimination

290 BIOLOGY CHAPTER 19 EXCRETORY PRODUCTS AND THEIR ELIMINATION 19.1 Human Animals accumulate ammonia, urea, uric acid, carbon dioxide, water Excretory and ions like Na+, K+, Cl–, phosphate, sulphate, etc., either by metabolic System activities or by other means like excess ingestion. These substances have to be removed totally or partially. In this chapter, you will learn the 19.2 Urine Formation mechanisms of elimination of these substances with special emphasis on 19.3 Function of the common nitrogenous wastes. Ammonia, urea and uric acid are the major Tubules forms of nitrogenous wastes excreted by the animals. Ammonia is the most toxic form and requires large amount of water for its elimination, 19.4 Mechanism of whereas uric acid, being the least toxic, can be removed with a minimum Concentration of loss of water. the Filtrate The process of excreting ammonia is Ammonotelism. Many bony fishes, 19.5 Regulation of aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects are ammonotelic in nature. Kidney Function Ammonia, as it is readily soluble, is generally excreted by diffusion across 19.6 Micturition body surfaces or through gill surfaces (in fish) as ammonium ions. Kidneys do not play any significant role in its removal. Terrestrial adaptation 19.7 Role of other necessitated the production of lesser toxic nitrogenous wastes like urea Organs in and uric acid for conservation of water. Mammals, many terrestrial Excretion amphibians and marine fishes mainly excrete urea and are called ureotelic 19.8 Disorders of the animals. Ammonia produced by metabolism is converted into urea in the Excretory liver of these animals and released into the blood which is filtered and System excreted out by the kidneys.
Non-Certified Epididymitis DST.Pdf

Clinical Prevention Services Provincial STI Services 655 West 12th Avenue Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4 Tel : 604.707.5600 Fax: 604.707.5604 www.bccdc.ca BCCDC Non-certified Practice Decision Support Tool Epididymitis EPIDIDYMITIS Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency and requires immediate consultation. It can mimic epididymitis and must be considered in all people presenting with sudden onset, severe testicular pain. Males less than 20 years are more likely to be diagnosed with testicular torsion, but it can occur at any age. Viability of the testis can be compromised as soon as 6-12 hours after the onset of sudden and severe testicular pain. SCOPE RNs must consult with or refer all suspect cases of epididymitis to a physician (MD) or nurse practitioner (NP) for clinical evaluation and a client-specific order for empiric treatment. ETIOLOGY Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis, with bacterial and non-bacterial causes: Bacterial: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) coliforms (e.g., E.coli) Non-bacterial: urologic conditions trauma (e.g., surgery) autoimmune conditions, mumps and cancer (not as common) EPIDEMIOLOGY Risk Factors STI-related: condomless insertive anal sex recent CT/GC infection or UTI BCCDC Clinical Prevention Services Reproductive Health Decision Support Tool – Non-certified Practice 1 Epididymitis 2020 BCCDC Non-certified Practice Decision Support Tool Epididymitis Other considerations: recent urinary tract instrumentation or surgery obstructive anatomic abnormalities (e.g., benign prostatic
Ultrasonography of the Scrotum in Adults

University of Massachusetts Medical School eScholarship@UMMS Radiology Publications and Presentations Radiology 2016-07-01 Ultrasonography of the scrotum in adults Anna L. Kuhn University of Massachusetts Medical School Et al. Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Follow this and additional works at: https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/radiology_pubs Part of the Male Urogenital Diseases Commons, Radiology Commons, Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Commons, Urogenital System Commons, and the Urology Commons Repository Citation Kuhn AL, Scortegagna E, Nowitzki KM, Kim YH. (2016). Ultrasonography of the scrotum in adults. Radiology Publications and Presentations. https://doi.org/10.14366/usg.15075. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/radiology_pubs/173 Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License This material is brought to you by eScholarship@UMMS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Radiology Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of eScholarship@UMMS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ultrasonography of the scrotum in adults Anna L. Kühn, Eduardo Scortegagna, Kristina M. Nowitzki, Young H. Kim Department of Radiology, UMass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA REVIEW ARTICLE Ultrasonography is the ideal noninvasive imaging modality for evaluation of scrotal http://dx.doi.org/10.14366/usg.15075 abnormalities. It is capable of differentiating the most important etiologies of acute scrotal pain pISSN: 2288-5919 • eISSN: 2288-5943 and swelling, including epididymitis and testicular torsion, and is the imaging modality of choice Ultrasonography 2016;35:180-197 in acute scrotal trauma. In patients presenting with palpable abnormality or scrotal swelling, ultrasonography can detect, locate, and characterize both intratesticular and extratesticular masses and other abnormalities.
Everybody's Got Body Parts – Part

Everybody’s Got Body Parts – Part Two A Lesson Plan from Rights, Respect, Responsibility: A K-12 Curriculum Fostering responsibility by respecting young people’s rights to honest sexuality education. ADVANCE PREPARATION FOR LESSON: NSES ALIGNMENT: • Go through the website and video, http://kidshealth.org/teen/ By the end of 8th grade, students sexual_health/guys/male_repro.html and https://medlineplus. will be able to: gov/ency/anatomyvideos/000121.htm, which you will use to AP.8.CC.1 – Students will be provide the answers to the activity in this lesson. able to describe the male and female sexual and reproductive • Speak with your IT department to make sure both of the above systems including body parts websites are both unblocked for your classroom and that your and their functions. computer’s sound works for the video. • Make sure your computer is queued to both the website and TARGET GRADE: Grade 7 video right before class. Lesson 2 • Go through the anonymous questions from the last class session to be prepared to answer them during class. If there TIME: 50 Minutes are no or very few questions, feel free to add in a few. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: MATERIALS NEEDED: By the end of this lesson, students will be able to: • Desktop or laptop with internet connection 1. Name at least two parts of the male internal and external • If you do not have hookup sexual and reproductive systems. [Knowledge] for sound, small speakers to connect to your computer 2. Describe the function of at least two parts of the male • LCD projector and screen internal and external sexual and reproductive systems.
Case Report Erectile Dysfunction Due to a `Hidden' Penis After Pelvic Trauma

International Journal of Impotence Research (1999) 11, 53±55 ß 1999 Stockton Press All rights reserved 0955-9930/99 $12.00 http://www.stockton-press.co.uk/ijir Case Report Erectile dysfunction due to a `hidden' penis after pelvic trauma LAJ Simonis1, S Borovets1, MF Van Driel1*, HJ Ten Duis1 and HJA Mensink1 1Department of Urology and Traumatology, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands We describe a twenty-six year old patient who presented us with a dorsally retracted `hidden' penis, which was entrapped in scar tissue and prevesical fat, 20 y after a pelvic fracture with symphysiolysis. Penile `lengthening' was performed by V±Y plasty, removal of fatty tissue, dissection of the entrapped corpora cavernosa followed by ventral ®xation. Keywords: erectile dysfunction; pelvic fracture; symphysiolysis; hidden penis; penile lengthening Introduction At the physical examination we observed the man with a midline lower abdominal scar and a scar in his left groin, normal pubic hair and a 3 cm penile A twenty-six year old man was referred to our length at stretching simulating an erection. A hospital because of a very short penis, both diastasis of the pubic symphysis and normally sized functionally and cosmetically. In his view he would corpora and glans could be palpated, although they not be able to have sexual intercourse, which was were more or less buried in the diastasis and the main reason for avoiding sexual relationships. scrotum. The urethral meatus could be visualised The other reason for avoiding sexual contact was centrally on the glans. The scrotum was developed persistent urinary stress incontinence for which he normally, there was a normal testicle on the right used bandages.
Claudins in the Renal Collecting Duct

International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Claudins in the Renal Collecting Duct Janna Leiz 1,2 and Kai M. Schmidt-Ott 1,2,3,* 1 Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; [email protected] 2 Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany 3 Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-(0)30-450614671 Received: 22 October 2019; Accepted: 20 December 2019; Published: 28 December 2019 Abstract: The renal collecting duct fine-tunes urinary composition, and thereby, coordinates key physiological processes, such as volume/blood pressure regulation, electrolyte-free water reabsorption, and acid-base homeostasis. The collecting duct epithelium is comprised of a tight epithelial barrier resulting in a strict separation of intraluminal urine and the interstitium. Tight junctions are key players in enforcing this barrier and in regulating paracellular transport of solutes across the epithelium. The features of tight junctions across different epithelia are strongly determined by their molecular composition. Claudins are particularly important structural components of tight junctions because they confer barrier and transport properties. In the collecting duct, a specific set of claudins (Cldn-3, Cldn-4, Cldn-7, Cldn-8) is expressed, and each of these claudins has been implicated in mediating aspects of the specific properties of its tight junction. The functional disruption of individual claudins or of the overall barrier function results in defects of blood pressure and water homeostasis. In this concise review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of the collecting duct epithelial barrier and of claudins in collecting duct function and pathophysiology.