Ubuntu Mate 14.10

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Ubuntu Mate 14.10 GrundlaGen Distributionen auf DVD Ubuntu Mate 14.10 Das neue Ubuntu 14.10 Mate ist noch nicht mal eine offizielle Variante und stiehlt den anderen Versionen jetzt schon die Show – zumindest aus der Sicht vieler Anwender, die einen klassischen Desktop bevorzugen. Von David Wolski Während sich Ubuntu 14.10 und seine Varianten mit Neuerungen zurückhalten, ist auf einem Neben- schauplatz mehr los: Mit Ubuntu Mate (auf Heft-DVD) gibt zur Versi- on 14.10 ein neues Ubuntu-Derivat mit dem Mate-Desktop sein Debüt. Die Distribution, die schon bald in den Kreis der offiziellen Varianten aufge- nommen werden soll, ist ein Wiederse- hen mit einem alten Bekannten. Denn der hier verwendete Mate-Desktop fußt auf jenen bewährten Bedienkon- zepten, die auch den Ubuntu-Versionen 4.10 bis 10.10 mit Gnome 2 zu ihrem klemmte sich das Mint-Team anfangs veränderten Bibliotheken der Gnome Erfolg verholfen haben. hinter die Entwicklung und half tat- Foundation, und das bedeutet weniger kräftig mit, so dass Mate ab Version Aufwand in der Pflege. Die inzwischen Mate macht alten Gnome- 1.2 als erfolgreicher Fork mit viel Ei- saubere Trennung von eigenen und Desktop munter gendynamik auf eigenen Beinen stehen übernommenen Komponenten heißt Mate ist eine eigenständige Desktop- konnte. Als klassischer Desktop im auch, dass Mate ohne Versionskon- Umgebung mit kleinem Entwickler- Look von Gnome 2 füllt Mate eine Lü- flikte mit Gnome 3 koexistieren kann. Team, das Gnome 2 zu schade für das cke, die Gnome 3 mit seinem jäh geän- Diesem Umstand ist es zu verdanken, Abstellgleis fand und den Desktop seit derten Bedienkonzept zunächst offen- dass Mate 1.8.1 in die offiziellen Pa- 2011 als Abspaltung (Fork) weiter- ließ und erst kürzlich mit dem ketquellen von Ubuntu 14.10 aufge- pflegt. Abspaltungen sind in der Open- Classic-Modus von Gnome 3.8 teilwei- nommen wurde. Source-Szene zwar gang und gäbe, se geschlossen hat. aber immer auch riskant: Viele Pro- Mit Mate wird Gnome 2 nicht als Software-Zutaten unter Mate jekte dieser Art können nach anfäng- Zombie künstlich am Leben erhalten, Die Mate-Variante von Ubuntu bietet licher Euphorie nicht genug Manpow- sondern liegt inzwischen in der Version einen Software-Auswahl, wie sie für er hinter sich sammeln, um sich 1.8.1 vor, die sich gegenüber Gnome 2 Distributionen mit Gnome typisch ist: erfolgreich weiterzuentwickeln, und deutlich weiterentwickelt hat. Alter Firefox 33, Libre Office 4.3.1, Rhythm- scheitern kläglich. Auch Mate begann Code wurde entfernt, so etwa die box 3.0.3, Thunderbird 31.2 und das bescheiden und keineswegs vielver- Kompatibilität zu Gnome 1. Damit ist Ubuntu Software Center. sprechend als Bash-Script unter Arch Mate schlanker und schneller als das Viele der ehemaligen Gnome-Pro- Linux, das ein vorhandenes Gnome 2 ursprüngliche Gnome 2. Auch neue gramme wie Texteditor, PDF-Betrach- durch Umbenennen der Dateien zu ei- Gnome-Anwendungen, die das GTK3- ter und Dateimanager sind in ihrer ner abgetrennten Desktop-Umgebung Toolkit nutzen, fügen sich optisch gut Mate-Abspaltung mit neuem Namen machte. Da es aber großes Interesse an in den Mate-Desktop ein. Der Unter- vorhanden: Das Gnome-Terminal einer Alternative zu Gnome 3 gab, bau nutzt wieder weitgehend die un- nennt sich Mate-Terminal, der Datei- 10 LinuxWelt 1/2015 Distributionen auf DVD GrundlaGen manager Nautilus heißt Caja, der PDF- Betrachter ist in Mate als Atril be- kannt, und Pluma ersetzt Gedit. Zur individuellen Gestaltung des traditio- nellen Anwendungsmenüs links oben ist der Menüeditor Mozo mit dabei, eine Abspaltung von Alacarte. Voraussetzungen und Installation Mit Ubuntu Mate 14.10 (32 Bit) fühlt sich auch ein älterer Rechner noch schnell genug zum Arbeiten an, da die Umgebung nur etwas mehr RAM als Xubuntu verlangt. 512 MB RAM sind ein realistisches Minimum an Arbeits- Menü nach Maß: Die traditionellen Bedienelemente von Gnome 2 sind alle an ihrem Platz. speicher. Eine 3D-fähige Grafikkarte Nach Rechtsklick auf das Anwendungsmenü gibt es einen Editor zur Menüanpassung. ist nicht nötig, aber es gibt für dezente grafische Effekte einen Compositor, der ohne spezielle Grafik-Hardware funktioniert. Sie finden dessen Opti- onen unter „System fi Einstellungen fi Fenster fi Allgemein fi Composi- Installation ganz im ting-Verwaltung“. Stil Ubuntus: Obwohl Das von Ubuntu gewohnte Installa- Ubuntu Mate noch kei- tionsprogramm richtet Mate komfor- ne offizielle Variante tabel und in wenigen Schritten auf der ist, macht die Distribu- Festplatte ein. Zur Installation sind tion einen ausgespro- rund 6,1 GB freier Speicherplatz auf chen ausgefeilten Ein- der Festplatte nötig. Wie die anderen druck. Ubuntu liegt die Mate-Version (32 Bit) nicht nur als bootfähiges Live-System auf Heft-DVD, sondern auch als ISO- Datei, die Unetbootin (auf Heft-DVD) Compositing einschal- für Notebooks ohne optisches Lauf- ten: Dezente Schatten werk auf USB-Stick übertragen kann. und Transparenzef- Die 64-Bit-Variante von Ubuntu Mate fekte im Terminal-Fen- bekommen Sie unter www.pcwelt. ster und für die Desk- de/2010241. top-Leistung funktio- nieren in Mate auch Fazit: Gelungener Neuzugang ohne 3D-fähige Grafik- Obwohl Ubuntu Mate keine komplette Hardware. Neuschöpfung ist, sondern nur be- währte Zutaten kompetent und mit che abgetan haben. Mate 1.8.1 wirkt worth diese Variante ausdrücklich be- viel Liebe zum Detail kombiniert, ist nicht antiquiert, da seit der Abspal- grüßt hat, sollte dies nur mehr eine diese Ubuntu-Variante eine der interes- tung sehr viel Arbeit in Details gegan- Formalität sein und bis zu Version santesten Neuerungen im Umkreis der gen ist, die dem Desktop neuen Glanz 15.04 im April Realität werden. Version 14.10. verleihen. Dann kann Ubuntu Mate ebenfalls Im Gegensatz zur Mate-Version von Martin Wimpress, der Hauptent- die komplette Infrastruktur rund um Linux Mint ist die Ubuntu-Variante wickler hinter Ubuntu Mate, hat diese Ubuntu mitbenutzen, etwa Bugtracker angemessen schlank und bleibt den neue Version, die zunächst für den Ei- und Server. Ubuntu-Quellen treu. In dieser Form genbedarf entstand, dem technischen kann der Desktop auch Anwender Komitee Canonicals zur Aufnahme in Website: http://mate-desktop.org überzeugen, die Mate bisher als unnö- den Ubuntu-Zoo vorgelegt. Nachdem Dokumentation: tigen Fork einer veralteten Arbeitsflä- auch Canonical-Chef Mark Shuttle- https://ubuntu-mate.org/community › LinuxWelt 1/2015 11.
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