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4/28/18 * Peter contrasted himself and apostles to the rich young man, all do Matthew 20 one of two things, they compare or contrast, this is a contrast not This chapter is a perfectly good example of a bad a comparison. division as we will see. e) answers Peter’s question and promised the twelve to sit on twelve Jesus is walking under the shadow of the cross as G. thrones judging the twelve tribes of Campbell Morgan declares in his commentary of Isreael and all will receive one- Matthew. hundredfold and inherit eternal life. Matt. 19:2-29 These are the last six months of the life of Jesus that f) The punch-line then is given, “But many began from the that Jesus was the who are first will be last.” Matt. 19:31 Christ the Son of the living God. Matt. 16 * This principle illustrated in the parable is confirmed that “the last will be 20:1-16 The parable of the workers in the first, and the first last. For many are vineyard. called, but few chosen.” Matt. 20:16 1) This parable illustrates the principle of 2) The parable also teaches the against the reward for those saved by grace, looking attitude of superiority or greatness for back to the last verse of the previous reward, due to length of service, noteriety or chapter. Matt. 19:30; 1Cor 4:2 even the amount of work done, but rather a) The chapter break is unfortunate for it fidelity to God and faithfulness to the runs to verse 16 opportunity given in life. b) The youg rich ruler has rejected a) It is not teaching the dispensation of Jew salavation that Jesus offered to him. and Gentile or the various ages men enter Matt. 19:16-22 the kingdom, nor last hour death-bed c) Jesus taught his the diffeiculty of conversions. rich people coming to Christ, due to b) Parables have one central message with a living for their riches, but God can save punch-line. vs. 16 them if they repent. Matt. 19:23-26 c) Not everything in the parable is to be d) This prompted Peter to consider that they interpreted unless the meaning is given had left all, asking Jesus, “Therefore within the parable, like the Parable of the what shall we have?” Matt. 19:27 Sower. 3 4

D) Parables either compare or contrast, this 20:3-4 The hiring of the second group of one is a contrast. Matt. 20:16 laborers. 1) The owner of the vinyard went out again to 20:1-2 The hiring of the first group of laborers. the market place, “And he went out about 1) The setting of the parable by Jesus, “For the the third hour and saw others standing idle kingdom of heaven is like a landowner who in the marketplace, vs. 3 went out early in the morning to hire a) The third hour is 9:00 A.M. laborers for his vineyard.” vs. 1 b) This is nothing new, today you have this a) Remember the word parable “parabole”, same scenario in shopping centers such means to throw or put alongside. as Home depot, as men hang out in b) Taking some known and putting next to groups to see if someone will hire them what is not known, that in knowing what for the day. you do know you will know what you 2) The owner told the men he would pay them did not know. justly, “And said to them, ‘You also go into c) The Kingdom of heaven is the period of the vineyard, and whatever is right I will the First Coming to the Second Comonng give you.’ So they went.” vs. 4 to set up the Kingdom Age. a) The word right “dikaios” means that d) The landwoner went out to the market which is due and appropriate. place to find labourers in the moring, b) The men agreed and went to the vinyard. about 6:00 A.M. e) The grapes were picke at the end of 20:5 The hiring of the third and fourth group September and havested til the rainy of laborers. season, if not they were not stored they 1) The owner went again to the market place, would be a total loss. “Again he went out about the sixth and the 2) The hiring of labors at the market place, ninth hour.” vs. 5a “Now when he had agreed with the laborers a) The sixth and the ninth hour was 12:00 for a denarius a day, he sent them into his p.m. and 3:00 p.m. vineyard.” vs. 2 b) Half of the day is gone. a) The wages were agreed to be a denarius 2) The owner again hired them and they agreed, for the day, which was a days wage, even “and did likewise.” vs. 5b for soldiers. b) The men went to labor in the vinyard. 20:6-7 The hireing of the fifth groups of laborers. 5 6

1) The owner enquired of some men at the a) They thought they would get paid more market place, “And about the eleventh hour than the last laborers, “But when the first he went out and found others standing idle, came, they supposed that they would and said to them, ‘Why have you been receive more; and they likewise received standing here idle all day?” vs. 6 each a denarius.” vs. 10 a) This is the eleventh hour, 5 P.M. b) They were upset, “And when they had b) They were standing idle “argos” doing received it, they complained against the nothing, not lazy. landowner.” vs. 11 c) He asked them why? 1)) The word complained “gogguzo”, 2) The men informed him their delemah, “They means to murmur, mutter or grumble. said to him, ‘Because no one hired us.’ He c) The reasoning of the murmuring laborers, said to them, ‘You also go into the vineyard, “saying, ‘These last men have worked and whatever is right you will receive.” vs. 7 only one hour, and you made them equal a) No person had hired them as loborers. to us who have borne the burden and the b) He to them to go to His vinyard and heat of the day.” vs. 12 would receive what was right “dilaios”, 1)) They revealed their ungratefulness just or appropriate. and envy and jealousy! 2)) Envy desires less for others. 20:8-12 The labours were called to be paid their 3)) Jealousy desire more than others. wages. 1) The owner instructed his house manager to 20:13-16 The landowner confronted the pay the laborers in reverse order, “So when murmuring laborers. evening had come, the owner of the 1) He had fulfilled his agreement, “But he vineyard said to his steward, ‘Call the answered one of them and said, ‘Friend, I laborers and give them their wages, am doing you no wrong. Did you not agree beginning with the last to the first.” vs. 8 with me for a denarius? vs. 13 2) The laborers that worked one hour were paid a) By expression friend “hetairos” he first, “And when those came who were hired indicated he was not acting dishonestly, about the eleventh hour, they each received doing something wrong. a denarius.” vs. 9 b) He reminded him of their agreement of 3) The first laborers hired were paid last. vs. one denarius. 10-12 2) He reproved him and told him he had the right to be merciful, “Take what is yours and 7 8

go your way. I wish to give to this last man done, but rather fidelity to God and the same as to you.” vs. 14 faithfulness to the call and opportunity a) What is your, the denarius. given in life. b) Th word wish “thelo”, means to will or d) Many called but few chosen for reward have in mind, this was his generous not salvation. decision. * Many called to serve but few serve 3) He rebuked him for questioning his faithfully and without murmuring. soveriegn right to with his money, “Is it not lawful for me to do what I wish with my 20:17-19 The prediction of Jesus about His own things?” vs. 15a death and resurrection for the third time. a) His money and property was his own. * The parallel passages. Mk. 10:32-34; Lk. 18:31- b) He could do as he pleased with it. 34 4) He charged the man that his goodness provoked his evilness, “Or is your eye evil 20:17-19 The preparation of the apostles by Jesus because I am good?” vs. 15b regarding His death. a) The word for evil “poneros”, means of a 1) The route was to by way of , bad nature corrupt and delighting the evil “Now Jesus, going up to Jerusalem, took the brought on others. twelve disciples aside on the road and said b) The same word is used for Satan an the to them.” vs. 17 Anti-Christ. Jn. 17:15; 1Jn. 2:13 a) You always “go up” to Jesusalem from 6) The punch-line and application of the any part of the country, the elevation is ? parable, “So the last will be first, and the b) Mark says, the disciples were amazed and first last. For many are called, but few afraid. Mk. 10:32 chosen.” vs. 16 2) The Sanhedrin would condemn Him to a) The order is not reversed from the prior death, “Behold, we are going up to one. Matt. 19:30 Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be b) The Parable is a “contrast”, the punch- betrayed to the chief priests and to the line is, “the last shall be first and the first scribes; and they will condemn Him to last”, in rank and greatness before God. death. vs. 18 c) The parable teaches salvation by grace a) This is the third time it is mentioned His and against the attitude of superiority or death. Matt. 16:21; 17:22-23 greatness, due to length of service, b) The Son of Man speaks of His noteriety or even the amount of work Incarnation, the God-Man. 9 10

3) The Roman Epmire would be the viechle, 2) Solome requested for the two highest “and deliver Him to the Gentiles to mock positions in the Kingdom, “She said to Him, and to scourge and to crucify. And the third “Grant that these two sons of mine may sit, day He will rise again.”. vs. 19 one on Your right hand and the other on the a) This is the first time Gentiles is left, in Your kingdom.” vs. 21b-e mentioned, the Roman leaders. a. The right hand being the higher, the left b) This is the first time He says, “crucify”. the second, above the other ten. c) This is the third time He mentions His b. Jesus had already promised them they death and resurrection. would reign on two of twleve throned in the Kingdom. Matt. 19:28 20:20-28 The request of Solome of Jesus to c. They thought Jesus was going to set up favor her sons. the Kingdom when He got to Jerusalem. * The parallel passages. Mk. 10:35-45; Lk. 22:24- 3) Jesus reproved the three of them, but 27 directed Himelf to James and John. vs. 22 a) “But Jesus answered and said, “You do 20:20 The coming of Solme to Jesus. not know what you ask.” vs. 22a-b 1) The setting, “Then the mother of ’s b) Jesus asked two questions, “Are you able sons came to Him with her sons.” vs. 20a to drink the cup that I am about to drink, a) The mother of Zebedee’s son was the and be baptized with the baptism that I sister of the Virgin Mary. Matt. 27:56; am baptized with?” vs. 22c-d Mk. 15:40. Jn. 19:25 1)) The cup, symbolic of His suffering b) The sons were James and John, who were prior to the cross and on the cross. cousins to Jesus and she His aunt. 2)) The baptism He was gong to be 2) The posture had a purpose, “kneeling down partake? Symbolic of His sorrow and and asking something from Him.” vs. 20b death at Jerusalem. * Her posture appeared to be one of respect c) James and John responed, “They said to and reverance, but her petition had Him, “We are able.”vs. 22e-f alterior motives. 1)) They and Solome had no idea what really what was going to happen. 20:21-22 The specific request and response of 2)) They thought He was going to Jesus. destroy Rome, set up the Kingdom, 1) Jesus acknowledged her, “And He said to rule and reign. her, “What do you wish?” vs. 21a 11 12

20:23 The prophecy of Jesus about the James the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and John. and those who are great exercise authority 1) Both would indeed suffer and experience over them.” vs. 25 suffering and death for Jesus, “So He said to 2) The principle of the kingdom is contrary, them, “You will indeed drink My cup, and “Yet it shall not be so among you; but be baptized with the baptism that I am whoever desires to become great among baptized with.” vs. 23a-c you, let him be your servant.” vs. 26 a) James was killed by Horod with the * The word servant “diakonos” is used for sword. Acts 12:1-2 deacon, wait on tables. b) John was boiled in oil, did not die, so he 3) The principle of the kingdom is downward, was exiled to Patmos where he received “And whoever desires to be first among you, the Revelation. Rev. 1:9 let him be your slave.” vs. 27 2) God the Father would make that descision, * Slave- bond servant, by choice. vs. 27 “But to sit on My right hand and on My left 3) The teaching is by personal example, “just as is not Mine to give, but it is for those for the Son of Man did not come to be served, whom it is prepared by My Father.” vs. 23d- but to serve, and to give His life a ransom e for many.” vs. 28 a) Jesus did not come to be served, but 20:24 The response of the ten other apostles. rather to serve others, all. vs. 28a-b 1) They were outraged, “And when the ten b) Jesus same to give His life a ransom for heard it, they were greatly displeased with many, referring to His death to pay the the two brothers.” vs. 24 price to release a slave, redemption from * They greatly displeased, “aganakteo”, the slave market. vs. 28c means to be indignate with the two. 2) The reason was that they also desired the 20:29-34 The healing of two blind men by Jesus highest position, but the two beat the ten to at . it, the following versus will make this clear. * The parallel passages. Mk. 10:46-52; Lk. 18:35- 43 20:25-28 The teaching on being first or greatness. Jesus teaches the twelve about service. 20:29-30 The situation at Jericho. 1) Jesus reminded them of the principle of the 1) The setting, “Now as they went out of world to rule over others, “But Jesus called Jericho, a great multitude followed Him.” them to Himself and said, “You know that vs. 29 13 14

a) Some from Galillee were with Jesus. 2)) Therefore they are describing b) Other from along the way. different perspectives of the event, as c) A great multitude filled with sincere they left the one and entering the seekers and those looking for what they other. could get from Jesus only. c) They cried out, “Have mercy on us, O 2) The circumstance at Jericho, “And behold, Lord, Son of David.” vs. 30c-h two blind men sitting by the road, when they 1)) Mercy is less than we reserve. heard that Jesus was passing by, cried out, 2)) The title, “O Lord, Son of David” saying, “Have mercy on us, O Lord, Son of was a Messianic one.” David!” vs. 30 3)) The heard, faith comes by hearing. a) Matthew mentions two blind men sitting Rom. 10:17 by the road heard Jesus was passing by and called to Him. vs. 30 20:31-34 The response of Jesus to the two blind 1)) Mark and Luke say one, not two, men. perhaps being the more prominent one 1) The uncompssionat crowd tried to silence the 2)) His name was Bartemaeus, the son of blind men, “Then the multitude warned Timaeus. Mk. 10:46; Lk. 18:35 them that they should be quiet; but they b) Matthew does not tell us when it took cried out all the more, saying, “Have mercy place, but Mark says it took place as they on us, O Lord, Son of David!” vs. 31 were going out of Jericho and Luke says a) But they cried out more for mercy to the as they were coming into Jericho. Mk. Son of David. 10:46; Lk. 18:35 b) Their faith could not be discouraged, 1)) There is no contradiction, but rather a “Faith come by hearing and hearing by complementary information that the word of God.” Rom. 10:17 supplements the whole of the record. c) This was a life time opportunity. 2)) The city of Jericho was cursed after 2) Jesus took notice of them, “So Jesus stood they conquered it. Josh 6:26; 1Kings still and called them, and said, “What do you 16:34 want Me to do for you?” vs. 32 3)) The city of Jericho in the days of 3) Their request. “Lord that our eyes may be Jesus was not in the same location of opened”, to see. vs. 33 the days of Joshua. 4) Their request was granted, “So Jesus had 4)) There were two Jerichos, the old and compassion and touched their eyes. And new, the upper and lower. 15 16 immediately their eyes received sight, and they followed Him.” vs. 34