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The Great New Year's Flood of 1997 in Northern California
The Great New Year's Flood of 1997 in Northern California by Maurice Roos' The New Year's flood of 1997 was probably the largest in the 90-year Northern California record which begins in 1906. It was notable in the intensity, volume of flood water, and the areal extent from the Oregon border down to the southern end of the Sierra. Many new flood records were set. This was a classic orographic event with warm moist winds from the southwest blowing over the Sierra Nevada and dumping amazing amounts of rain at the middle and high elevations, especially over a 3 day period centered on New Year's Day. The sheer volume of runoff exceeded the flood control capacity of Don Pedro Dam on the Tuolumne River and Millerton Reservoir on the upper San Joaquin River with large spills of excess water. Most of the other large dams in northern California were full or nearly full at the end of the storms. Amounts of rain at lower elevations were not unusual. For example, downtown Sacramento in the middle of the Central Valley had 3.7 inches during the week from December 26 through January 2. But Blue Canyon, at the one-mile elevation between Sacramento and Reno, had over 30 inches, an orographic ratio of over 8, far more than the usual 3 to 4 for most storms. Many Valley folks could not understand that there was a problem because they were not seeing a lot of rain. Meanwhile, the entire northern Sierra was observing 20 inches, some 40 percent of average annual precipitation. -
Chapter 7: Alternative Evaluation
Chapter 7 Alternative Evaluation The potential for water quality improvements in the Delta was evaluated in terms of the position of X2 and the resulting Delta outflows. Shifting X2 downstream improves the habitat for Delta smelt and reduces water quality stress for other species, including salmonids. X2 is a Delta management tool; it is defined as the distance in kilometers from the Golden Gate Bridge to the location where the tidally averaged near-bottom salinity in the Delta measures 2 parts per thousand (ppt). East of X2, water becomes progressively fresher, and west of X2 the water becomes more saline, until it reaches the ocean, which has a salinity of approximately 35 ppt. Habitat quality in the Delta is degraded when the salinity in the Delta increases. The highest salinities occur during the fall and early winter, when Delta outflow is at its lowest. Water quality degradation is most pronounced in Dry and Critical years. Figure 7-8 shows the change in the average X2 positions during September and October in Dry and Critical years for each of the alternatives. Alternative C performs best in terms of the shift in the location of X2 by 0.3 to 1.0 kilometer (km) seaward, followed by Alternative B and then Alternative A. Alternative D provides the least water quality benefit, with an average shift of 1 km to the east in July through August, and a 0.3 km shift in September through November. Shifting X2 requires a significant quantity of water. Releases from Sites Reservoir to improve Delta environmental water quality range from 174 TAF/yr under Alternative D up to 242 TAF/yr under Alternative C. -
UPDATE VOL 23 NO 4 AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2009 PLACER COUNTY WATER AGENCY Water • Energy • Stewardship
UPDATE VOL 23 NO 4 AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2009 PLACER COUNTY WATER AGENCY water • energy • stewardship IN THIS ISSUE: Helping to Plan Tahoe Water Supplies... Page 2 Placer Students Are Water Aware... Page 3 Update for an Old Dam Two-Year Project to Improve Spillway at French Meadows ollowing eight years of studies, planning and design, PCWA is preparing to rebuild key sec- tions of the almost 50-year-old dam that holds back water at French FMeadowsF Reservoir. L.L. Anderson Dam, named for the late Foresthill Divide community leader, and District 5 county supervisor and PCWA director, was built in 1963-66 as a key feature of PCWA’s Middle Fork Regulatory Commission confirmed the Mountain Waterworks American River Project. Corps’ conclusion. The spillway at French Meadows, above, French Meadows Reservoir holds Probable Maximum Flood at left, will be upgraded after studies 136,400 acre-feet of water and is situated Using modern hydrometerological showed that it is too small to handle a at 5200 feet on the western slope of the data, the Corps developed a 72-hour maximum probable flooding event. Sierra Nevada. Lake Tahoe lies about 18 Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) miles to the east. Donner Summit is depth of 46 inches for the French about 15 miles north. Meadows watershed. This computed to a be overtopped,” said PCWA Hydroelectric In 2001, the U.S. Army Corps of French Meadows inflow of 66,700 cubic Engineer Jon Mattson. “This could cause Engineers first released hydrologic studies feet per second, which could overtop the failure of the dam and significant down- showing that the existing L.L. -
The Genesis of the Placer County Water Agency
a Heritage of Water: The Golden Anniversary of the Placer County Water Agency 1957-2007 Prepared by the Water Education Foundation Placer County History Book WEB1 9/10/2007, 3:08 PM Credits This book was prepared and published by the Water Education Foundation in conjunction with the Placer County Water Agency. The book tells the story of Placer County water from its role in the Gold Rush to the formation of the Placer County Water Agency, which has managed the county’s water resources for 50 years. Editor: Sue McClurg Authors: Ryan McCarthy, Janet Dunbar Fonseca, Ed Tiedemann, Ed Horton, Cheri Sprunck, Dave Breninger and Einar L. Maisch Design and Layout: Graphic Communications Printing: Paul Baker Printing Photos: Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley • William Briner • California State Archives (F3757:3) • California State Library • California State Parks – Auburn State Recreation Area Collection • Dave Carter • City of Rocklin • Placer County Water Agency • Ryan Salm/Sierra Sun • Special Collections, University of California, Davis • U.S. Bureau of Reclamation • USDA NRCS (Natural Resources Conservation Service) • U.S. National Forest Campground Guide • Karina Williams/Lincoln News Messenger • Bill Wilson On the cover: Hell Hole Reservoir (top) and building the Middle Fork Project PLACER COUNTY WATER AGENCY P.O. Box 6570 717 K Street, Suite 317 144 Ferguson Road Sacramento, CA 95814 Auburn, CA 95604 (916) 444-6240 (530) 823-4850 www.watereducation.org www.pcwa.net Copyright 2007 by Water Education Foundation • All rights reserved ISBN 1-893246-97-3 2 Placer County History Book WEB2 9/10/2007, 3:09 PM Foreword by David A. -
Upper American River Hydroelectric Project (P-2101)
Hydropower Project Summary UPPER AMERICAN RIVER, CALIFORNIA UPPER AMERICAN RIVER HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT (P-2101) South Fork of the American River Slab Creek Dam Canyon Photo Credit: Sacramento Municipal Utility District This summary was produced by the Hydropower Reform Coalition and River Management Society Upper American, CA UPPER AMERICAN RIVER, CA UPPER AMERICAN RIVER HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT (P-2101) DESCRIPTION: The Upper American River Project consists of seven developments located on the Rubicon River, Silver Creek, and South Fork American River in El Dorado and Sacramento Counties in central California. These seven developments occupy 6,190 acres of federal land within the Eldorado National Forest and 54 acres of federal land administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). The proposed The Iowa Hill Development will be located in El Dorado County and will occupy 185 acres of federal land within the Eldorado National Forest. Due to the proximity of the Chili Bar Hydroelectric Project (FERC No. 2155) under licensee Pacific Gas & Electric Company(PG&E) located immediately downstream of the Upper American Project on the South Fork American River (and also under-going re-licensing), both projects were the subject of a collaborative proceeding and settlement negotiations. The current seven developments include Loon Lake, Robbs Peak, Jones Fork, Union Valley, Jaybird, Camino, and Slab Creek/White Rock. White Rock Powerhouse discharges into the South Fork American River just upstream of Chili Bar Reservoir. In addition to generation-related facilities, the project also includes 47 recreation areas that include campgrounds, day use facilities, boat launches, trails, and a scenic overlook. The 19 signatories to the Settlement are: American Whitewater, American River Recreation Association, BLM, California Parks and Recreation, California Fish and Wildlife, California Outdoors, California Sportfishing Protection Alliance, Camp Lotus, Foothill Conservancy, Forest Service, Friends of the River, FWS, Interior, U.S. -
THE FOLSOM POWERHOUSE NO. 1 1895 National Historic Mechanical
THE FOLSOM POWERHOUSE NO. 1 1895 National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark The American Society of Mechanical Engineers September 12, 1976 FACTUAL DATA ON AMERICAN RIVER DIVISION The American River Division, a part of the Central Valley Project, provides water for irrigation, municipal and industrial use, hydroelectric power, recreation, and flood control through a system of dams, canals, and powerplants. The Division includes Folsom and Sly Park Units, both in operation, and Auburn-Folsom South Unit in construction stage. FOLSOM UNIT consists of Folsom Dam, Lake, AUBURN-FOLSOM SOUTH UNIT, authorized in and Powerplant, Nimbus Dam, Lake Natoma, and 1986, will provide agricultural and municipal and Nimbus Powerplant on the American River. The industrial water supplies for Placer, El Dorado, Folsom Unit was added to the Central Valley Project Sacramento, and San Joaquin Counties, together with by Congressional authorization in 1949. hydroelectric power, flood control, fish protection, and new recreational facilities. Principal features of the Unit will be Auburn Dam, Powerplant and Reservoir, FOLSOM DAM AND FOLSOM LAKE. Folsom Dam, the Folsom South Canal, and Sugar Pine and County below a drainage area of 1,875 square miles, was Line Dams and Reservoirs. constructed by the Corps of Engineers and upon completion was transferred to the Bureau of AUBURN DAM presently under construction will Reclamation for coordinated operation as an integral be a 700-foot-high, concrete thin arch structure, with part of the Central Valley Project. The dam has a a crest length of 4,000 feet. The dam will create the concrete main river section with a height of 340 feet 2.4 million acre-foot Auburn Reservoir. -
REVIEW of SEISMIC HAZARD ISSUES ASSOCIATED with the AUBURN DAM PROJECT, SIERRA NEVADA FOOTHILLS, CALIFORNIA USGS Auburn Project Review Team: D.P
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Review of seismic-hazard issues associated with the Auburn Dam project, Sierra Nevada foothills, California By USGS Auburn Project Review Team1 Open File Report 96-0011 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. JD.P. Schwartz, W.B. Joyner, R.S. Stein, R.D. Brown, A.F. McGarr, S.H. Hickman, and W.H. Bakun, all at 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 1996 REVIEW OF SEISMIC HAZARD ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH THE AUBURN DAM PROJECT, SIERRA NEVADA FOOTHILLS, CALIFORNIA USGS Auburn Project Review Team: D.P. Schwartz, W.B. Joyner, R.S. Stein, R.D. Brown, A.F. McGarr, S.H. Hickman, and W.H. Bakun SUMMARY The U.S. Geological Survey was requested by the U.S. Department of the Interior to review the design values and the issue of reservoir-induced seismicity for a concrete gravity dam near the site of the previously-proposed Auburn Dam in the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada, central California. The dam is being planned as a flood-control-only dam with the possibility of conversion to a permanent water-storage facility. As a basis for planning studies the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is using the same design values approved by the Secretary of the Interior in 1979 for the original Auburn Dam. -
The Uneasy Relationship Between Folsom Dam and the City of Sacramento
The Uneasy Relationship between Folsom Dam and the City of Sacramento Terry M. Sullivan, P.E. Geotechnical/Structural Branch Chief, Eastern Division Risk Management Center U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Purdue Geotechnical Society Workshop 26 April 2019 US Army Corps of Engineers BUILDING STRONG® The Story • Folsom Dam is located about 20 miles upstream of Sacramento, California. • Folsom Dam in its current configuration provides robust flood risk reduction for frequent to infrequent hydrologic events. But not rare events. • Another dam, Auburn Dam, was partially constructed upstream of Folsom Dam, and it would have greatly increased flood storage capacity upstream of Sacramento on the American River. But it was never completed. • The primary vulnerability for Sacramento’s levees is overtopping. • Pressure from California public and agricultural interests to increase water supply and irrigation is considerable. They want to pass as little water as possible from dams. This pressure is opposed by the need to maintain flood storage capacity. • An overtopping of the levees in Sacramento by river floods may be expected to result in hundreds to thousands of deaths. Such a flood would be a 1 in a 300 event. • As a result, Sacramento has had to develop highly detailed flood warning and evacuation plans. PGS-2 BUILDING STRONG® Presentation Overview . The geography of the dam, the rivers and the city . Folsom Dam . Auburn Dam . Overview of Sacramento’s flood protection system . H&H Hazard Forecasting . Risk Assessment – with a focus on one Potential Failure Mode (PFM) . Sacramento’s Emergency Plans (Evacuation) PGS-3 BUILDING STRONG® Sacramento Location PGS-4 BUILDING STRONG® Folsom Dam Location Relative to Sacramento Flood Control Features PGS-5 BUILDING STRONG® North Fork American River Planned Flood Control Features PGS-6 BUILDING STRONG® Folsom Dam and Auxiliary Spillway • Completed in 1955 by U.S. -
Lessons Learned from the French Meadows Project Citation: Edelson, David and Hertslet, Angel
Restoring Forests through Partnership: Lessons Learned from the French Meadows Project Citation: Edelson, David and Hertslet, Angel. 2019. Restoring Forests through Partnership: Lessons Learned from the French Meadows Project. Unpublished report of The Nature Conservancy, Placer County Water Agency, Sierra Nevada Conservancy, Placer County, American River Conservancy, and Sierra Nevada Research Institute at the University of California, Merced. San Francisco, California. 16 pp. May 2019 Contributors: This paper benefitted from thorough review, edits and contributions from Ed Smith, Andy Fecko, Marie Davis, Brett Storey, Andy Fristensky, Chris Dallas, Roger Bales, Elena DeLacy, Eli Ilano, Michael Woodbridge, Victor Lyon, Karen Walden, Laurie Perrot, Robert Galiano, Pat Farrell, Karen Quidichay, Susan Dewar, Sara Reese and Janelle Nolan. David Edelson, The Nature Conservancy, [email protected] Angel Hertslet, The Nature Conservancy, [email protected] Andy Fecko, Placer County Water Agency, [email protected] Andy Fristensky, Sierra Nevada Conservancy, [email protected] Brett Storey, Placer County, [email protected] Elena DeLacy, American River Conservancy, [email protected] Roger Bales, Sierra Nevada Research Institute, [email protected] Acknowledgments: The Nature Conservancy appreciates the generous support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Northern Sierra Partnership, and contributors to TNC’s Sierra Forest and Water Challenge, which helped make this report possible. COVER: The French Meadows Project area, including the French Meadows Reservoir. © David Edelson/TNC Restoring Forests through Partnership: Lessons Learned from the French Meadows Project ealthy forests provide important benefits to people California’s northern Sierra Nevada (see map). The Project and nature, including clean water, clean air, carbon area includes 27,623 acres, of which 22,152 acres are national Hstorage, wildlife habitat and recreational opportunities. -
11441001 Union Valley Reservoir Near Riverton, CA Sacramento River Basin
Water-Data Report 2011 11441001 Union Valley Reservoir near Riverton, CA Sacramento River Basin LOCATION.--Lat 38°51′49″, long 120°26′15″ referenced to North American Datum of 1927, in NW ¼ NW ¼ sec.29, T.12 N., R.14 E., El Dorado County, CA, Hydrologic Unit 18020129, Eldorado National Forest, in valve control house near left bank at Union Valley Dam on Silver Creek, 0.7 mi upstream from Little Silver Creek, and 6.6 mi north of Riverton. DRAINAGE AREA.--83.7 mi². SURFACE-WATER RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.--October 1962 to current year. CHEMICAL ANALYSES: Water year 1996. GAGE.--Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is NGVD of 1929 (levels by Sacramento Municipal Utility District). COOPERATION.--Records, including diversion to Union Valley Powerplant (station 11441002) were collected by Sacramento Municipal Utility District, under general supervision of the U.S. Geological Survey, in connection with Federal Energy Regulatory Commission project no. 2101. REMARKS.--Reservoir is formed by earthfill dam completed in December 1962; storage began May 1962. Usable capacity, 261,500 acre-ft, between elevations 4,645.0 ft, minimum operating level, and 4,870.0 ft, top of radial spillway gates. Dead storage, 4,883 ft. Reservoir receives water from the South Fork Rubicon River via Robbs Peak Powerplant (station 11429300) and from South Fork Silver Creek, since April 1985, via Jones Fork Powerplant (station 11440900). Water is used for power development in the South Fork American River Basin. Discharge to Union Valley Powerplant is shown as a line item below this table. Records, including extremes, represent total contents. -
Trinity Dam Operating Criteria Trinity River Division Central Valley Project-California
·rRlNITY ~IVER BASIN us RESOURCE LIBRARY BR TRINITY COUNTY LIBRARY T7 WEAVERVILLE, CALIFORNIA 1979 (c.l) Trinity Dam Operating Criteria Trinity River Division Central Valley Project-California TRINITY COUNTY JULY 1979 TRINITY RIVER BASIN RESOURC E LIBRARY TRINITY RIVER DIVISION CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT CALIFORNIA Trinity Dam Operating Criteria Prepared for the Trinity River Basin Fish and Wildlife Task Force July 1979 United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Mid-Pacific Region 1 ~ 7 5 122 R 1 W R 1 E 2 23° \ R 10 W ( T 38 N ----- ·-----]r------------r-CANADA ' I • I WA r NORTH ~ J SHINGTON ' \ ' DAKOTA ) ___ 1 • \.-.. ..-- .. J, ': M 0 N TAN A !___ - ----\ ' \ souTH : i ,----- - ~ ~~ ,o. 0 R EGON ( ,_---, : DAKOTA I : IOAHo 1 I __ __ \ \~' I W YOMING ·----- ~ -- -----, ___ , ,I \ ~ ~u I ~ 0 ; ------1 , NEBRASKA ', 1\ ~ I I ·--------'--, ~ I NEVA 1' 1: 0 ~1 : t------- -'.) I I J \_ DA UTAH COLORADO: ANSAS ' ~,J t -+- ---1--- .. - ', : : I K .\ ~ I . ---- .... ~ ' I 4!< l o ' ------·------ -- -~----- ', ~ -r' "::: rJ A ~ '!> ','\_r) i t---! OKLAHOMA\ -:- . I , , r/ / ;' ARIZONA I' NEW MEXICO. L ______ 1_ MALIN-ROUND MOUNTAIN 500 KV ~ . ' ,... 36 : , I l PACIFIC NW-PAC/FIC SW INTERTIE ---, ' ' ', I, ---~-E~~'-;:--·;;::<_-'r EX A_(S ---i- - ~ ~ - t \. .. _;··-....., ~ CLAIR ENGLE LAKE IN 0 EX M A P '._\_ ~.:.. (__j ~ ) I I / \ I - BUREAU OF RECLAMATION HASTAL~l WHISKEYTOWN-SHASTA( rr TRINITY [NAT . lj r COMPLETED OR AUTHORIZED WORKS 34 TRINITY DAM & POWERP~LANT~- ? ) RECrATION AREAS (~ ,- DAM AND RESERVOIR LEWISTON LAKE TRIINir/cARR 230 KV ? 0 I <=::? r ~-~~- _./ TUNNEL ~<";:1 r ~ -+ ---< - .r') d,):3_ -}N , ··- •J?:y,--.___ N CONDUIT - ~~ wcAv~~VIL' 7 __r~\. -
Overview of Existing Resources
M I dd L E F O R K 80 A M E R I C A N FRENCH MEADOWS RESER VOIR HELL HOLE R LAKE RESER IVERTAHOE PROJECT VOIR MIDDLE FORK INTERBAY RALSTON AFTERBAY FORESTHILL RUBICON 49 MIDDLE FORK RIVER AMERICAN RIVER 80 AUBURN 50 The Middle Fork 49 River watershed rests in the heartAmerican of the Sierra Nevada, between the Sacramento V Lake alley to the west and Tahoe to the east. S FOLSOM u p p RESER o r t VOIR i n g D SD E o Existing c u Relevant S m u p e p n Comprehensive o t r E Plans & t i n g Resource D SD F o Resources Mgmt. Plans HE MFP IS SITUATED IN THE FOOTHILLS AND c u Existing m e n Resource mountainous uplands of the western slope of the Sierra Nevada t S F u p Information p WatershedT (totaling 616 square miles) is characterized by hot, dry range, northeast of Auburn, California. The surrounding o r Report t i n g summers and mild, wet winters, with most of the precipitation falling D SD G o c S u 00/00 between October and March. Precipitation primarily falls as rain in the u m p p e n Technical o t r lower elevations and snow at elevations greater than 5,000 feet above t G i Study Plans n g D SD J mean sea level (msl). Elevations higher than about 6,000 feet msl are & Reports o c u Confi dential m e typically covered by snow until May.