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Catholicism and the Holocaust Books Aarons. Mark and John Loftus. Unholy Trinity: How the Vatican's Nazi Networks Betrayed Western Intelligence to the Soviets. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992. Chadwick, Owen. Britain and the Vatican During the Second World War. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988. Cianfarra, Camille Maximilian. The Vatican and the War. New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., 1944. Delzell, Charles, ed. The Papacy and Totalitarianism between the Two World Wars. New York: Wiley, 1974. Dietrich, Donald J. Catholic Citizens in the Third Reich: Psycho-Social Principles and Moral Reasoning. New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction Books, 1988. Ehler, Sidney Z. and John B. Morrall, eds. Church and State Through the Centuries: A Collection of Historic Documents with Commentaries. New York: Biblo and Tannen, 1954. Falconi, Carlo. The Popes in the Twentieth Century: From Pius X to John XXIII. Boston: Little, Brown, 1967. Falconi, Carlo. The Silence of Pius XII. Boston: Little Brown and Company, 1965. Friedlander, Saul. Pius XII and the Third Reich: A Documentation. New York: Octagon Books, 1980. Graham, Robert A. Pius XII's Defense of Jews and Others: 1944-45 in Pius XII and the Holocaust: A Reader. Milwaukee: Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, 1988. Holmes, J. Derek. The Papacy in the Modern World. New York: Crossroad, 1981. Jewish Federation for the Righteous. Voices and Views. Kent Peter C. and John F. Pollard, eds. Papal Diplomacy in the Modern Age. Westport, CT: Pareger, 1994. Lapide, Pinchas E. Three Popes and the Jews. New York: Hawthorne, 1967. Lehmann, Leo Hubert. Vatican Policy in the Second World War. New York: Agora Publishing, 1946. Lewy, Guenter. The Catholic Church and Nazi Germany. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964. Lichten, Joseph L. A Question of Judgment: Pius XII and the Jews. Washington, DC: National Catholic Welfare Conference, 1963 in Pius XII and the Holocaust: A Reader. Milwaukee: Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, 1988. Morley, John F. Vatican Diplomacy and the Jews during the Holocaust, 1939-1943. New York: Ktav Publishing House, 1980. Murphy, Paul I. La Popessa. New York: Warner, 1983. O'Carroll, Michael. Pius XII: Greatness Dishonoured: A Documented Study. Dublin: Laetare Press, 1980. The Persecution of the Catholic Church in the Third Reich: Facts and Documents Translated from the German. New York: Longmans, Green, 1942. Rhodes, Anthony Richard Ewart. The Vatican in the Age of the Dictators, 1922-1945. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1974. Weisbraid, Robert G. and Wallace P. Sillanpoa. The Chief Rabbi, the Pope, and the Holocaust: An Era of Vatican-Jewish Relations. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 1992. Willibrands, Johannes Cardinal. Church & Jewish People: New Considerations. New York: Paulist Press, 1992. Zucotti, Susan. Under His Very Windows. Videos The Longest Hatred .

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Pius XII on Trial
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Honors College 5-2014 Pius XII on Trial Katherine M. Campbell University of Maine - Main, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors Part of the Anthropology Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Campbell, Katherine M., "Pius XII on Trial" (2014). Honors College. 159. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors/159 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors College by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PIUS XII ON TRIAL by Katherine M. Campbell A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for a Degree with Honors (Anthropology and Political Science) The Honors College University of Maine May 2014 Advisory Committee: Henry Munson, Professor of Anthropology Alexander Grab, Professor of History Mark D. Brewer, Associate Professor of Political Science Richard J. Powell, Associate Professor of Political Science, Leadership Studies Sol Goldman, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Political Science Copyright 2014 Katherine M. Campbell Abstract: Scholars have debated Pope Pius XII’s role in the Holocaust since the 1960s. Did he do everything he could and should have done to save Jews? His critics say no because of antisemitism rooted in the traditional Catholic views. His defenders say yes and deny that he was an antisemite. In my thesis, I shall assess the arguments on both sides in terms of the available evidence. I shall focus both on what Pius XII did do and what he did not do and on the degree to which he can be held responsible for the actions of low-level clergy.
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Confronting Anti-Semitism in Catholic Theology After the Holocaust Carolyn Wesnousky Connecticut College, [email protected]
Connecticut College Digital Commons @ Connecticut College History Honors Papers History Department 2012 “Under the Very Windows of the Pope”: Confronting Anti-Semitism in Catholic Theology after the Holocaust Carolyn Wesnousky Connecticut College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/histhp Part of the European History Commons, History of Religion Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Recommended Citation Wesnousky, Carolyn, "“Under the Very Windows of the Pope”: Confronting Anti-Semitism in Catholic Theology after the Holocaust" (2012). History Honors Papers. 15. http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/histhp/15 This Honors Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the History Department at Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Honors Papers by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author. “Under the Very Windows of the Pope”: Confronting Anti-Semitism in Catholic Theology after the Holocaust An Honors Thesis Presented by Carolyn Wesnousky To The Department of History In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Major Field Connecticut College New London, Connecticut April 26, 2012 1 Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………...…………..4 Chapter 1: Living in a Christian World......…………………….….……….15 Chapter 2: The Holocaust Comes to Rome…………………...…………….49 Chapter 3: Preparing the Ground for Change………………….…………...68 Chapter 4: Nostra Aetate before the Second Vatican Council……………..95 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………110 Appendix……………………………………………..……………………114 Bibliography………………………………………………………………..117 2 Acknowledgements As much as I would like to claim sole credit for the effort that went into creating this paper, I need to take a moment and thank the people without whom I never would have seen its creation.
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Vatican Secret Diplomacy This Page Intentionally Left Blank Charles R
vatican secret diplomacy This page intentionally left blank charles r. gallagher, s.j. Vatican Secret Diplomacy joseph p. hurley and pope pius xii yale university press new haven & london Disclaimer: Some images in the printed version of this book are not available for inclusion in the eBook. Copyright © 2008 by Yale University. All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers. Set in Scala and Scala Sans by Duke & Company, Devon, Pennsylvania. Printed in the United States of America by Sheridan Books, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gallagher, Charles R., 1965– Vatican secret diplomacy : Joseph P. Hurley and Pope Pius XII / Charles R. Gallagher. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-300-12134-6 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Hurley, Joseph P. 2. Pius XII, Pope, 1876–1958. 3. World War, 1939–1945— Religious aspects—Catholic Church. 4. Catholic Church—Foreign relations. I. Title. BX4705.H873G35 2008 282.092—dc22 [B] 2007043743 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Com- mittee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To my father and in loving memory of my mother This page intentionally left blank contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 1 A Priest in the Family 8 2 Diplomatic Observer: India and Japan, 1927–1934 29 3 Silencing Charlie: The Rev.
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G L O S S a R Y O F T E R
GLOSSARY OF TERMS ● anti-Judaism: hostility toward the Jewish religion, usually based on Christian theological principles. ● antisemitism: term created in 1879 by Wilhelm Marr in Germany. Jews were defined as a distinct “race”; a contemporary name for “Jew-hatred” or “Judeophobia.” ● Black Nobility: the papal aristocracy who remained loyal to the Holy See after the abolition of the papal states in 1870. ● congregation: a Vatican department supervising a specific part of church government: for example, Congregation for the Sacraments supervised the liturgical life of the church. ● Curia: the governing body of the Catholic Church. ● deicide: literally “the murder of God”; a charge levelled against the Jews by many of the Church Fathers. Officially rejected by the Catholic Church in 1965. ● dicastery: subsection of a congregation. ● Diocese: geographical region governed by a bishop. ● diplomatic note: a less formal communication between governments. ● encyclical: formal papal letter addressed to the whole church or, in special cases, addressed to a particular country, specifying an area of Catholic faith and morals. ● Endlösung: The “Final Solution”; Nazi euphemism for the murder of the Jews. It was the “Final Solution” of the Judenfrage (the Jewish question). ● Holy See: the seat of the bishop of Rome, the symbol of unity within the Catholic Church. Often used interchangeably with Vatican. ● Holy Week: most sacred week in the Christian calendar stretching from Palm Sunday through to the Easter Triduum (Holy or Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, Holy Saturday, Easter Sunday). It recalls the last days of Christ and is marked with liturgies of special solemnity. ● legate: papal representative in a country without formal diplomatic relations with the Holy See.
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Envisioning Catholicism: Popular Practice of a Traditional Faith in the Post-Wwii Us
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--History History 2020 ENVISIONING CATHOLICISM: POPULAR PRACTICE OF A TRADITIONAL FAITH IN THE POST-WWII US Christy A. Bohl University of Kentucky, [email protected] Author ORCID Identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0884-2280 Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2020.497 Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Bohl, Christy A., "ENVISIONING CATHOLICISM: POPULAR PRACTICE OF A TRADITIONAL FAITH IN THE POST-WWII US" (2020). Theses and Dissertations--History. 64. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/64 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the History at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--History by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known.
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War, Politics and Morality
War, Politics and Morality. The Spanish Catholic Church and World War II. by Gerald Varley, B.A (Hons.) B.Ed., B.Ed. (In-Service), Dip.L. Thesis presented as requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, University of Adelaide. November 2008. II Contents. Abstract. III. Declaration. IV. Acknowledgements. V. Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations for Sources. VI. Introduction. 1 Part 1. Historiographical Review of Research. Chapter 1. ‘España es Diferente.‟ Spain and its Catholic Church in the 12 Early Franco Era. Perceptions of Twentieth Century Historians and a Wider Historical Reality. Part II. The Church, War and the Modern World. Chapter 2. God and War. The Evolution of Catholic Teaching on the 33 Morality of War. Chapter 3. War, the Church and the Earlier Twentieth Century World. 45 Part III. Ideology, Morality and the Spanish Church in a World at War. Chapter 4. From „Our War‟ to World War. The Spanish Catholic Church 61 In its World, 1936-1945. Chapter 5. The Spanish Church and the Wider World at War. The Church 95 And Fascist Philosophies. Chapter 6. The Spanish Church and the Wider World at War. The Church 125 And Communism. Chapter 7. The Spanish Church and the Wider World at War. The Church 144 And Liberal Democracy. Part IV. The Church and ‘Total War.’ Chapter 8. The Spanish Church, Neutrality, National Sovereignty and Total War. 164 Chapter 9. The Church and Total War. War on Civilians. 192 Chapter 10. The Church and Total War. The Treatment of Conquered Peoples.
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Pius XII and the Holocaust Under His Very Windows Matthew Ms Alarz La Salle University
The Histories Volume 2 | Issue 1 Article 6 Pius XII and the Holocaust Under His Very Windows Matthew mS alarz La Salle University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/the_histories Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Smalarz, Matthew () "Pius XII and the Holocaust Under His Very Windows," The Histories: Vol. 2 : Iss. 1 , Article 6. Available at: https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/the_histories/vol2/iss1/6 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Scholarship at La Salle University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The iH stories by an authorized editor of La Salle University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The HISTORIES, Vol. 2, No. 1 Page 27 Pius XII and the Holocaust Under His Very Windows Matthew Smalarz The Holocaust was one of the worst atrocities committed in all of human history. Nazi propaganda was devoted to the destruction of Jewish communities and culture during the 1930s and 40s. In January 1942, Hitler began his Final Solution with every intention of wiping out every last remnant of Jewish life. From that point on, the Nazis systematically murdered six million of the Jewish faith. While this occurred, Pope Pius XII waited out the war in the Vatican. As Jews were butchered in concentration camps, the Pope failed to intercede on their behalf. This is the problem addressed in this paper. Did Pius XII attempt to save the Jewish population in Europe or were his inactions responsible for the murders of six million Jews? The purpose of this paper is to show Pius XII's unwillingness to speak out against the Holocaust.
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Goldhagen V. Pius XII," by Ronald J
FIRST THINGS June/July 2002, "Goldhagen v. Pius XII," by Ronald J. Rychlak, Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs at the University of Mississippi School of Law. He is the author of Hitler, the War, and the Pope (Genesis). http://www.firstthings.com/ftissues/ft0206/articles/rychlak.html FIRST THINGS: the Journal of Religion, Culture, and Public Life June/July 2002 Goldhagen v. Pius XII Ronald J. Rychlak Copyright (c) 2002 First Things 124 (June/July 2002): 37-54. Tendentious attacks on Pope Pius XII (Eugenio Pacelli) are nothing new. Indeed, they have become commonplace. Yet Daniel Goldhagen’s recent 27,000–word essay for the New Republic, “What Would Jesus Have Done? Pope Pius XII, the Catholic Church, and the Holocaust” (January 21, 2002), calls for special attention. Based upon his forthcoming book, A Moral Reckoning (Knopf), Goldhagen’s essay is noteworthy both for the breathtaking scope of its claims and the air of righteous indignation that infuses it. Not content to argue that Pope Pius did less to save the Jews than he should have, as many other scholars have done, Goldhagen goes much further—to attack Pacelli as an anti–Semite and the Church as a whole as an institution thoroughly, and perhaps inextricably, permeated by anti–Semitism. In fact, he even argues that “the main responsibility for producing this all–time leading Western hatred lies with Christianity. More specifically, with the Catholic Church.” Such charges demand a thorough response. In his most recent book, Hitler’s Willing Executioners, Goldhagen asserted that blame for the Holocaust should be placed on ordinary Germans and their unique brand of anti– Semitism.
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Catholic Priests and Seminarians As German Soldiers, 1935-1945
Negotiating the Cross and the Swastika: Catholic Priests and Seminarians as German Soldiers, 1935-1945 ** approval of semi-final version By Lauren N. Faulkner B.A., Simon Fraser University, 2001 M.A., Simon Fraser University, 2003 A.M., Brown University, 2004 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History at Brown University Providence, Rhode Island May 2009 © 2009 by Lauren N. Faulkner This dissertation by Lauren N. Faulkner is accepted in its present form by the Department of History as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date____________________ _______________________________ Omer Bartov, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate School Council Date____________________ _______________________________ Deborah A. Cohen, Reader Date____________________ _______________________________ Abbott Gleason, Reader Date____________________ _______________________________ Doris L. Bergen, Reader Approved by the Graduate School Council Date____________________ _______________________________ Sheila Bonde, Dean of the Graduate School iii Curriculum Vitae Lauren Faulkner was born on May 2, 1979, in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada. She earned a B.A. at Simon Fraser University in 2001, an M.A. from Simon Fraser University in 2003 under the supervision of Martin Kitchen, and an A.M. from Brown University in 2004. She has a forthcoming article in Contemporary European History entitled “Catholic Priests as German Soldiers: Georg Werthmann and the Military Chaplaincy under the Third Reich.” She has taught an array of classes, including her own European History survey class at the Rhode Island School of Design in 2008 and a seminar on Holocaust narratives. She was also involved for two years as a research assistant with the multidisciplinary and international project Borderlands: Ethnicity, Identity, and Violence in the Shatter-Zone of Empires Since 1848, co-directed by Omer Bartov at the Watson Institute for International Studies.
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Cardinal Pietro Boetto: a Life of Service to the Society of Jesus, the Catholic Church, and the People of Genoa
journal of jesuit studies 7 (2020) 616-641 brill.com/jjs Cardinal Pietro Boetto: A Life of Service to the Society of Jesus, the Catholic Church, and the People of Genoa Susan Zuccotti Independent Scholar, New York, NY, USA [email protected] Abstract Cardinal Pietro Boetto, archbishop of Genoa from 1938 until his death in 1946, was an unusual Jesuit priest in several respects. First, although from humble origins, trained in seminaries other than the most prestigious Jesuit institutions, and not given to com- plex theological writings, he rose through the ranks of the Society’s administration to attract the notice of Pope Pius xi and be elevated to the cardinalate in 1935. The eleva- tion was in itself highly unusual, given standard Jesuit policy and the expressed reluc- tance of the order’s Superior General Włodzimierz Ledóchowski at the time. Equally unexpected is the fact that the Jesuit Father Pietro Tacchi Venturi, the pope’s liaison with Mussolini, furnished intriguing background testimony about the elevation itself, which provides new insight into the pope’s policies and modes of operation. Finally, Cardinal Boetto was unusual for the clandestine assistance to Jews and anti-Fascists he provided as archbishop during the German occupation, for the broad range of rescue activities he allowed to his heroic secretary don Francesco Repetto and other priests, and for the wide-spread support networks that resulted throughout Northern and Cen- tral Italy. This article tells the story of a competent administrator with immense hid- den skills and profound humanity. Sources include the memoirs of Boetto’s aide, Brother Giovanni Battista Weidinger; a biography by his associate Father Arnaldo Lanz; testimony by don Francesco Repetto; documents in the Archivum Romanum Societatis Iesu in Rome and the Archivio Diocesano di Genoa; and secondary studies by historians interested in the Second World War and the rescue of Jews in Genoa.
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Bialer, Cross on the Star 6/9/05 8:43 AM Page I
Political Science | Middle East Studies Bialer The offi cial establishment of the State of “An important book . excellent in its thoroughness Israel in May 1948 constituted the realization of the Zionist vision, but military victory left and clarity.”—Ilan Peleg in its wake internal and external survival issues that would threaten this historic achievement for decades to come. The Cross on the Star of David Cross on the refusal of the international community to recognize the political, geographic, and demographic results of the War of Indepen- How did dence presented Israel with a permanent regional security threat, while isolating and historical perceptions alienating it in the international arena. One and attitudes infl uence Israeli of the most formidable problems Israeli foreign policy faced was the stance of the leaders in their dealings with the Uri Bialer Christian world toward the new state. holds the Maurice B. Hexter chair in Christian world after Israeli independence? Attitudes ranged from hostility and cate- gorical non-recognition by the Catholic International Relations–Middle East Based on recently declassifi ed Studies in the Department of Inter- Cross on the Star of David Church, through Protestant ambivalence, national Relations at Hebrew documents from Israeli archives, to Evangelical support. University. He is author of Oil and the Cross on the Star of David provides an Arab-Israeli Confl ict, 1948–1963 and Cross on the Star of David presents the fi rst Between East and West: Israel’s Foreign absorbing analysis of Israeli foreign policy scholarly analysis, based on newly declassi- Policy Orientation, 1948–1956. He is a toward the Christian world during fi ed documents, of Israeli policymaking on member of the editorial board of this issue.
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PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE “The Vatican Was for Us Like a Mountain
Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE “The Vatican was for us like a mountain” Reassessing the Vatican’s Role in Jewish Relief and Rescue during the Holocaust. Settled Questions and New Directions in Research1 Robert A. Ventresca, King’s University College at Western University Introduction Among the many contested issues that have animated the seemingly endless debate about the role of Pope Pius XII and the Vatican during the Holocaust, few have yielded such widely divergent claims and counter-claims than the question of papal intervention, or lack thereof, on behalf of persecuted European Jews. I should clarify that when I speak here of pa- pal intervention I do not mean to engage with that one aspect that has singularly dominated scholarly and popular attention for decades now, namely, the missing papal condemnation of Nazism and the Holocaust; the “astonishing fact” of “what was 1 An early version of this paper was presented at the International Academ- ic Conference on Holocaust Research, “New Scholars/New Research on the Holocaust,” University of Toronto, October 6-7, 2014; organized by the Chancellor Rose and Ray Wolfe Chair of Holocaust Studies and the Centre for Jewish Studies at the University of Toronto, and the Govern- ment of Canada. Many thanks to Doris Bergen, the Chancellor Rose and Ray Wolfe Professor of Holocaust Studies at the University of Toronto for her constructive comments on the conference paper and to Michael Mar- rus, Professor Emeritus of Holocaust Studies at the University of Toronto for his probing questions, especially vis-à-vis the critical interpretation of terminology used in the relevant primary source material.
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