Cover.pmd 1 21/11/2017, 12:21 Untitled-2 1 25/09/2017, 12:12 Editor’s View....

Amy Saunders Finding some stability Editor

Christmas is upon us again. Night is drawing in early while many of us are still at work, there’s a definite nip in the air, and the streets are bustling with shoppers. The stores have the most interesting mixture of aromas; warming spices designed to set the Christmas shopping mood, the sickly-sweet smell of too many different types of sweets, and geosmin, the scent of rain. For many of us, it’s been a busy year. The biggest shows, CABSAT, Satellite 2017, CommunicAsia, IBC and AfricaCom, have been interspersed with smaller but still critical events like the IRG’s Annual Workshop and Global MilSatCom, as well as invaluable visits to key clients. This year has been my second year in the satellite sector, and it’s been great to find some “For many of us, it’s stability. 2016, my first year, was an uphill battle, becoming familiar with as many different con- cepts and technologies as possible, meeting thousands of new people, and visiting unfamiliar been a busy year. The places. This year was a substantial improvement; there is always a lot to be learned, but having a solid grounding in the technologies and a fantastic group of contacts around the world has been biggest shows, CABSAT, a massive boost. Next year is sure to be even better again. Satellite 2017, NAB Christmas is a time for rest, and we should all take advantage of the opportunity to recharge our batteries. Certainly, once I’ve finished preparing the January/February issues of Satellite CommunicAsia, IBC ....” Evolution Asia, Satellite Evolution EMEA and Global Military Communications, I’ll be winding down for a relaxing couple of weeks of mulling; cider, wine, rum, cupcakes. The possibilities are endless. Intuition tells me that 2018 is going to be an unusual year. Rest and preparation, therefore, is essential. For many of us, our travelling is going to start early with a trip to Dubai for CABSAT in January, instead of the usual March. Around the same time, President Trump’s wall prototypes in San Diego should have been completed and evaluated, and we should be hearing about whether he can get the funding to build the full-scale Border Wall. Something tells me Mexico isn’t going to pay up… Meanwhile, friction between the West and North Korea should be interesting to observe, if a little terrifying. Memes have popped up all over the Internet speculating on whether we’ll ever get to see the final season of Game of Thrones (scheduled for 2019), or whether the Earth will have been obliterated by that time. Here at Satellite Evolution, we wish everyone a wonderful winter break. And remember to get lots of rest ready for 2018 – you’re going to need it. 

Photo courtesy of Shutterstock

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editorial.pmd 1 21/11/2017, 11:56 Editor Contents - volume 15 - issue 6 Amy Saunders [email protected]

Contributing Editors Bert Sadtler, Mark Williamson Regulars Sales Director 4 Satellite News Review Christopher Ayres [email protected] Tel: +44 1778 441165 COVER STORY - 6 Sales Director Sam Baird Myth Buster 4th Edition: 5G will never work over [email protected] Front cover: Photo courtesy of Tel: +44 1883 715697 satellite Shutterstock Over the last year I have often Circulation Manager Elizabeth George heard concerns from satellite operators and service providers Production that 5G will not work with satel- [email protected] lite. Comments like, “satellite will never be able to provide the Publisher Richard Hooper bandwidth required by 5G” or [email protected] “satellite round trip delay of GEO, MEO or even LEO will Managing Director make 5G impossible.” Richard David Shortland Swardh, Senior VP, MNO for [email protected] Comtech EF Data busts the myth.

No part of this publication may be transmitted, reproduced or electronically 10 Q&A SpaceX stored without the written permission from the publisher. 14 Government Services DS Air Publications does not give any warranty as to the content of the material appearing in the magazine, its accuracy, 18 Broadcast Contribution timeliness or fitness for any particular purpose. DS Air Publications disclaims all responsibility for any damages or losses 22 Q&A MX1 in the use and dissemination of the information. 24 Q&A SES All editorial contents Copyright © 2017 DS Air Publications 28 Disaster Recovery All rights reserved ISSN: 1740-3413 30 Inflight Connectivity DS Air Publications 1 Langhurstwood Road Horsham 36 Tracking Illegal Fishing West Sussex, RH12 4QD United Kingdom 38 Small Satellites T: +44 1403 273973 F: +44 1403 273972 Email: [email protected] www.satellite-evolution.com

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Contents-page.pmd 1 22/11/2017, 08:42 Untitled-2 1 21/11/2017, 15:15 ....News & Analysis

Stuart Bird commences at Optus as Managing approvals of the regulatory and antitrust authorities.  Director, Wholesale and Satellite Optus has announced that Stuart Bird, whose TV Plus renews commitment for satellite distribution appointment was announced in May, has now joined services on premier video neighbourhood Intelsat Optus’ Executive Leadership Team in the role of 19 Managing Director, Wholesale and Satellite. Intelsat has confirmed a multi-year satellite services Mr Bird brings more than twelve years’ experience in agreement on Intelsat 19 with TV Plus, a Direct-to-Home the telecommunications sector to Optus, including senior television provider servicing diverse communities in executive positions at Telstra and Vodafone. He will be Australia. responsible for leading all parts of the Optus Wholesale Under the previously referenced renewal agreement, and Satellite division with a focus on delivering profitable TV Plus will use Ku-band satellite services on Intelsat growth from these market leading businesses. His 19 to deliver global content to local viewers in Australia responsibilities will also include expanding Optus’ and New Zealand. Located at 166° East, Intelsat 19 is a wholesale nbn offering, delivering a competitive suite of premier video neighbourhood, reaching more than 37 mobile products and services for our wholesale partners, million pay-tv subscribers. Intelsat is a leading DTH and expanding Optus’ satellite partnerships and customer provider in the Asia-Pacific region, distributing content base. for media customers in Australia, Fiji, Papua New Mr Bird said of his new role: “I am excited to Guinea, French Polynesia and New Caledonia. commence at Optus in this critical role. The investments “Intelsat’s satellite services give us the foundation we are making in this space are significant and present we need to innovate and stay ahead of our competitors a clear and present opportunity to extend Optus’ market by using the latest technologies to deliver the best leadership positions in these segments. It is also a viewing experience for our customers,” said John privilege at Optus to be a part of a truly global company Jeremic, Director at TV Plus. “We have worked with like Singtel and contribute to the joint ambitions of Asia’s Intelsat for more than 10 years and have seen firsthand leading communications group.” how its world-class video neighbourhood has helped Mr Bird will be reporting directly to Optus’ Chief expand our audience reach. We’re able to cost-efficiently Executive Officer, Allen Lew, and be based in Sydney.  add more channels to the platform and deliver more programming to our viewers while maintaining the same Atos to acquire Siemens Convergence Creators amount of satellite bandwidth.” Atos, a global leader in digital transformation, has “There is a lot of opportunity for diverse programming announced its project to acquire Siemens Convergence in the Asia-Pacific region, and consumers are demanding Creators GmbH (CVC), a global multi-industry digital quicker access and more viewing options,” said Terry transformation solutions provider, headquartered in Bleakley, Intelsat’s Managing Director, Asia-Pacific Vienna. With its highly skilled engineers and a total Sales. “Working with TV Plus and building upon the headcount of approximately 800 staff, CVC delivers strong relationship we’ve established over the past software based solutions in the fields of communication several years has given us a greater understanding of networks, service and customer management, public the demand and the type of cost-effective satellite safety and security, multimedia infotainment, as well as services it needs to reach a broader audience, with more space technology. high-quality programming options.”  CVC was initially an internal innovative R&D and solutions partner for multiple Siemens Business Units NSSLGlobal acquires SatLink assets in major (BUs). In 2016, Siemens completed its carve out as an network R&D investment independent Siemens BU with its own IP resources and NSSLGlobal Technologies AS, a fully owned subsidiary an external customer strategy. of NSSLGlobal Ltd, has acquired the SatLink Focused on innovative R&D and turnkey solutions, communications technology. Through the acquisition, CVC would accelerate Atos’ technology leap, bringing NSSLGlobal takes full ownership of SatLink’s VSAT specific software and hardware IP assets notably to modem and Hub product families as well as retains enlarge its cybersecurity and communication solutions. SatLink’s software engineering team. These combined offerings would strengthen Atos’ As part of its commitment to delivering the best credentials and ability to deliver the latest mission-critical satcom infrastructure in the industry, NSSLGlobal will systems and secured networks while increasing Atos’ now control and drive forward SatLink’s next-generation penetration in the Telco market and enable access to product roadmap, and focus significant engineering R&D high-growth markets such as satellite and civil airplane towards the ongoing needs of its clients — with the full manufacturers and operators. flexibility and control to quickly adapt as those needs CVC presence in Germany, the US, and Central and evolve. Eastern Europe (with delivery centres in Croatia and Sally-Anne Ray, Group CEO of NSSLGlobal Romania providing digital expertise), together with its comments: “SatLink has been a key strategic partner of powerful network of partners, would offer Atos a strong ours for over a decade, and its products already form basis for activities all over the world. part of the core technology underpinning our fully owned The transaction is expected to close end of December and controlled VSAT network. We therefore have full 2017 and is subject to information / consultation by confidence in the technology and the team we bring in employee representative’s bodies’ as well as the to the NSSLGlobal family and with our experience,

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investment and energy behind it we believe we are well- CASBAA announces new Board of Directors positioned to push the next generation of SatLink mobility CASBAA has announced the election of several new products forward. Directors to its Board, and the return of a number of long- “This acquisition is in line with NSSLGlobal’s ambition serving Directors. to become an engineering powerhouse, particularly for Following its AGM on 08 November, first-time our government and maritime customers and their highly- Directors elected were James Ross (Lightning sophisticated communication needs. By taking full International), Belinda Lui (Time Warner), and Desmond ownership and control of the SatLink portfolio and its Chan (TVB). Also re-elected to the Board were previous roadmap we can align future R&D directly to the needs Directors Joe Welch (21st Century Fox), Andrew Jordan our customers. This is sure to become a core source of (AsiaSat), Ricky Ow (Turner Asia Pacific), and Amit differentiation for NSSLGlobal that sets us apart from Malhotra (The Walt Disney Company). many of our competitors.”  They join existing Directors Todd Miller (Celestial Tiger Entertainment), Andrew Stott (CMS Asia), Marcel Our Telekom to roll out first 4G/LTE network and high- Fenez (Fenez Media), Rohit D’Silva (FOX Networks speed broadband in Solomon Islands with SES Group Asia), and Alexandre Muller (TV5MONDE) to form Networks the 2017-18 CASBAA Board of Directors. Solomon Telekom Company Limited, trading under the “CASBAA is fortunate to have such an excellent group name Our Telekom, is boosting its capacity with SES of subscription TV industry executives willing to serve Networks to support the launch of its upcoming 4G/LTE on the Association’s Board”, said Board Chairman Joe network across the Solomon Islands archipelago. Welch. “We are deeply appreciative of the long and SES announced that Our Telekom, the leading committed service of our out-going Directors, and thank operator in the Solomon Islands and Oceania region, is them tremendously. At the same time, we offer a heartfelt upgrading fibre-like high throughput capacity again on welcome to our new Directors, and look forward to the O3b Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite fleet to roll working together with them to lead the Association for out a suite of 4G/LTE services for consumers and the benefit of CASBAA’s members and the industry as a businesses this year, in response to rapidly rising data whole.”  consumption by subscribers. The Solomon Islands government (SIG) is also a chief beneficiary of this Earth-i orders satellites from SSTL for world’s first significant capacity expansion with SES Networks, which full-colour video constellation will support Our Telekom’s efficient delivery of high- British ‘New Space’ pioneer Earth-i has announced that speed, reliable broadband for critical internet services it has ordered the first five satellites from SSTL (Surrey to the SIG’s offices in the capital, Honiara. Satellite Technology Ltd) for its new Earth Observation The increased bandwidth further improves (EO) constellation. connectivity speeds for Our Telekom’s customers, who Earth-i is building the first constellation in the world already enjoy fibre-like services due to the low latency able to provide full-colour video – and the first European- and high throughout offered by the O3b MEO satellites. owned constellation able to provide both video and still Since 2015, Our Telekom has relied on SES Networks images. This constellation will be a major leap forward for their primary off-island connectivity. The telco for the Earth Observation industry providing a number company has since upgraded its bandwidth six times by of innovative capabilities including: a total of 376 percent to meet fast-growing demand. Footage recorded by Earth-i’s fleet of satellites will Loyley Ngira, CEO at Our Telekom, said, “The be available for analysis within minutes of being taken broadband connectivity enabled by SES Networks on and will improve decision-making and response times in the low latency O3b MEO constellation has had a a wide variety of scenarios from change detection to profound and transformative impact throughout the object identification, from disaster response to country. Our customers, whether residents, businesses, infrastructure monitoring. universities or government, have readily embraced Our The creation of Earth-i’s constellation starts with the Telekom’s connectivity services. This significant capacity imminent launch of its pre-production prototype satellite upgrade with SES will be instrumental for our 4G/LTE which was also designed and manufactured in network roll-out, to provide even faster, dramatically partnership with SSTL. This prototype will demonstrate improved connectivity all across the Islands.” and prove technology and processes for the future “Our Telekom has been extremely successful in constellation including tasking, data downlinks to ground embracing new technologies. SES Networks has been stations, image quality and video from space.  their partner in the evolution from 2G to 3G to 4G. This capacity expansion will significantly enhance their already robust network and help them to usher in the next phase of connectivity for the Solomon Islands. Connectivity is an important economic enabler, and we are thrilled to continue supporting Our Telekom’s growth, connecting consumers and businesses in Solomon Islands to new opportunities,” said Imran Malik, Vice President, Fixed Data, and Asia-Pacific at SES Networks. 

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news-latest.pmd 5 21/11/2017, 14:53 ....Myth Buster 4th Edition

Image courtesy of: iStock Image courtesy of: Myth Buster 4th Edition: 5G will never work over satellite

By Richard Swardh, Senior Vice President, MNO for Comtech EF Data

Over the last year I have often heard was introduced. To generalize a bit, each was to support circuit switched voice concerns from satellite operators and standard came with distinct characte- and packet-based data services service providers that 5G will not work ristics that evolved over time as new use simultaneously with even higher with satellite. Comments like, “satellite cases developed. 2G GSM was a digital spectral efficiency and capacity. 2Mbps will never be able to provide the standard originally designed to increase was the stated goal in the beginning. bandwidth required by 5G” or “satellite the efficiency over analogue systems As new use cases developed, the 3G round trip delay of GEO, MEO or even through the use of TDMA – more calls standard evolved as well to now support LEO will make 5G impossible.” Before I could fit in a given slice of spectrum. up to 48Mbps to a handset. With the address these statements specifically, Originally, data services in 2G were very advent of feature phones and eventually let’s take a step back and try to frame low bandwidth and circuit switched. But, smartphones, it became clearer that what 5G is actually trying to achieve. as the success of SMS surprised most applications and services were Every 10 years or so, a new mobile in the industry, a packet-based option demanding even higher data rates. standard is introduced. In the early was eventually added called GPRS in Hence a new 4G standard was 1990s, 2G was introduced as the the first iteration and EDGE in the developed, and LTE was introduced in successor to analog systems. The early second. As 2G was being rolled out, a 2010, with the vision of one day being 2000s saw the dawn of the first 3G 3G specification based on CDMA was able to provide 1Gbps of throughput to networks, and 10 years later, 4G/LTE already being drafted. The goal of 3G a single user. This could be achieved

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myth buster.pmd 6 21/11/2017, 11:24 Myth Buster 4th Edition....

allow for better utilization of the most what 5G brings. As such, a variety of valuable asset a mobile operator has, use cases are being modelled. To namely its spectrum rights. 5G on the illustrate this, here are a few examples other hand, according to a definition of trials and demonstrations currently used by many industry insiders, brings ongoing to help define the standard together all previous mobile standards, which is set to be ratified in 2020: wired networks, IP services and Internet of Things under a common framework. End-to-end latency As such, the goal of 5G is not only about One of the stated goals of 5G is to a new radio interface standard, but to significantly reduce the end-to-end enable end to end ecosystems that can latency. With lower latency, new use cost-efficiently scale while supporting cases can open up, like being able to new services and business models. This operate machinery or to perform remote is by no means an easy task, and hence surgery from a distance. Virtual reality a new level of cooperation between headsets coupled with gloves, robotic Richard Swardh is Senior Vice standardization bodies like never seen arms or joysticks providing haptic President, Mobile Network before is needed. The traditional telecom feedback will make it all come together. Operators for Comtech EF Data. In and ICT focused associations like 3GPP, Being able to couple tactile sensations this role, he leads the market ITU, ETSI, IEEE, GSMA are all coming with sights and sounds will open up development and direction for the together with various vertical and many new use cases both in the 2G/3G/LTE mobile backhaul industry associations to define, test and professional workspace, as well in the market, directing long-term strat- trial a variety of use cases to drive the entertainment and leisure industries. egic initiatives and defining solution 5G ecosystem forward and ensure quick Connectivity to cars is something suites and feature sets. A mobile and efficient time to market. that is being talked about to a great network backhaul veteran, As discussed earlier, the goal of 5G extent in the satellite industry and holds Swardh’s background includes is to support the widest array of use a lot of promise thanks to satellite’s strategic and operational positions cases possible. As with previous excellent reach. What is also important at Ericsson with business generations, it is really difficult to predict for a safer and more secure future, and development, partnership manage- what will ultimately be the “killer also part of something called Intelligent ment and strategy execution application.” Prior to the introduction of Transport Systems, is the ability to responsibilities. He holds both a smartphones, and perhaps the iPhone communicate car to car, car to roadway Bachelor of Science degree in in particular, it was somewhat unclear infrastructure or even car to Mechanical Engineering and a how users would take advantage of the pedestrians. Communication to and Bachelor of Business degree in high data rates that LTE brought to from and between vehicles, is seen as Administration and Logistics from market, and the same is now true for a priority by car manufacturers, as well Vaxjo University in Sweden.

through yet another radio interface standard, this time based on OFDM, higher order modulation and bonding of spectrum in several different frequency bands into one large bit pipe of data. As the massive growth of Internet services, smartphone penetration and the emergence of Internet of Things continued, and yet again surpassed all previous forecasts, it became clear that the existing network architecture and frequency allocations would not be enough to support new and emerging use cases. As such, there was yet again the need for a new standard, 5G.

What is different? What is different with the new 5G standardization from previous generations is that it takes a much more holistic view on the overall ecosystem needing connectivity. In the past, the role of a new mobile standard was primarily focused around achieving a higher degree of spectral efficiency to Photo courtesy of Shutterstock

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myth buster.pmd 7 21/11/2017, 11:24 ....Myth Buster 4th Edition

as by many governments and IoT’s success will be battery life of up even greater flexibility and deeper regulators as it can help alleviate to 10 years, ultra low-cost chipsets and integration in to telecommunications congestion, pollution and reduce cost effectively being able to support a networks. accidents. While some use cases will massive amount of devices within a So where does all this leave satellite require just the same low latency and small area. Many of the use cases in in the world of 5G and mobile backhaul? high security as in the remote surgery this space are not sensitive to latency. Well, obviously there will be use cases example above, some use cases such As you may notice, some of the use requiring very low latency to enable a as watching a movie and streaming cases sound quite familiar and 5G tactile Internet with haptic feedback that music on the go will not be subject to should initially not be seen as an can never be supported with GEO, MEO the same latency requirements. entirely stand-alone network or LEO satellite constellations. technology, but as part of an evolution However, many use cases will simply Fixed wireless broadband services of existing standards. In a mobile become an evolution of existing use Another goal, and likely one of the first context, it will build upon and enhance cases already supported today in 2G, commercial deployments of 5G, will be some of the building blocks already 3G and LTE networks. What 5G will to enable fixed wireless broadband defined in LTE. Examples of two such bring are additional opportunities for services. As these services require a technologies that MNOs have already satellite as the cost of delivering lot of spectrum, the satellite industry started small scale implementations in services over 5G will continue to drop needs to be on the lookout at the next mobile networks are Software Defined compared to using previous World Radiocommunication Con- Networking (SDN) and Network generations; improvements in spectral ference in 2019, as mobile operators will Function Virtualization (NFV). These efficiency and smarter utilization of want to gobble up more spectrum. There technologies will be at the core of 5G. network resources will lower the cost are several pre-standard based trials Being able to de-couple user plane from per bit delivered making services going on around the world of 5G New control plane and have programmable attainable for even more users and Radio (NR is the very creative name the networks will allow service providers to “things.” And, just like I discussed in my standardization body settled on) scale based on the needs of each “Myth Busters 2nd Edition: LTE is only predominately in various millimetre application at a price point the market for High-Speed Services,” the cost per bands between 28 and 80GHz. can support. Network functions that in bit delivered is always a key metric to Previously, these bands in a telecom the past could only be created through follow. At any given data rate, 1Kbps, context were mostly used for point-to- the use of dedicated and many times 1Mbps or 1Gbps, what matters most to point microwave deployments, as they proprietary hardware can now be an operator is the cost of delivering that propagate poorly especially in realized in software, and moved to bit. So, don’t be surprised if use cases widebeam scenarios. However, new commercial off-the-shelf compute and will emerge in 5G, just like they already antenna technologies using massive storage platforms either in private or have for LTE, for narrowband services MIMO and intelligent beam forming public cloud infrastructure. Network using satellite. A new wireless standard coupled with advanced signal slicing is a new term used to describe is not just about achieving higher processing will one day enable tens of how multiple logical networks can be speeds, but about finding a more cost- Gbps to be delivered several kilometres created on top of a common shared efficient way of delivering services. to hundreds of users simultaneously. physical infrastructure and allow for Satellite will always have a role to play One could say this use case is perhaps greater flexibility as resources are with its unique capabilities not available following closest in the footsteps of what elastic and on-demand. Not a subject in any other technology. So, fret not – 3G and LTE already started with for this paper, but many of the functions satellite will support many 5G use cases enabling the mobile broadband in satellite hub infrastructure are and be an important part in fulfilling its revolution. In fact, many of the actually ideally suited to adopt SDN/ vision. Just don’t expect it to happen innovations in LTE-Advanced are also NFV, cloud and open APIs to allow for right away.  part of the 5G NR standard for forward compatibility. As such, it was recently agreed in the 3GPP that a pre-release of the 5G standard will be released in 2019, using LTE radio and core network as an anchor for mobility management while adding a new 5G carrier. On the other side of the bandwidth throughput spectrum, we find many use cases for M2M communication or Internet of Things. Anything that benefits from being connected will be connected, is the goal. However, it will be through a large variety of different connectivity options based on existing and new wireless standards, and the focus will largely be on how to cost efficiently manage and orchestrate services needed by basically an infinite number of connected “things.” Key to Photo courtesy Olivier Le Moal/Shutterstock

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myth buster.pmd 8 21/11/2017, 11:24 Untitled-2 1 21/11/2017, 15:14 ....Q&A SpaceX

Intelsat 35e mission. Photo courtesy SpaceX Intelsat 35e mission.

SpaceX. A few months later, we Ground-breaking feats successfully completed the first re-flight of a commercial spacecraft to the ISS, reusing a spacecraft that had resupplied Founded in 2002 by entrepreneur Elon Musk, SpaceX designs, the orbiting laboratory over a year manufactures and launches advanced rockets and spacecraft. earlier. We’ve now visited the ISS The company’s goal is to radically reduce space transportation eleven times and launched Falcon 9 on 37 successful missions. We’re very costs and to make life multiplanetary. With the Falcon 9 and proud of our accomplishments to date Dragon spacecraft family, SpaceX has achieved truly ground- and are working hard to continue breaking feats in spaceflight in recent years. Amy Saunders providing reliable launch services to our spoke with Jonathan Hofeller, Vice President of Commercial customers. Sales at SpaceX, to learn more about how the company’s Question: Where does SpaceX see recent accomplishments, market expectations, and plans for the itself in the spaceflight industry, and how does it differentiate itself from future. its satellite launch company competitors? Jonathan Hofeller: We’ve captured our Question: Can you provide an Dragon spacecraft was the first share of the launch market by providing overview of the key moments in commercial vehicle to dock with the competitively priced and reliable SpaceX’s history that have brought International Space Station (ISS). Then, services to our customers worldwide. it to where it stands today? in late 2015, we successfully landed One of the ways that we’ve been Jonathan Hofeller: Since our founding Falcon 9’s boost stage for the first time successful is by offering services in in 2002, SpaceX has been able to at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. each of the commercial, national achieve a number of key feats on the Just this year, we’ve accomplished security and civil launch sectors. Our road to full and rapid reusability. In 2008, two significant milestones that we’re diversified portfolio of launch customers our first launch vehicle, Falcon 1, very proud of. First, in March, we across multiple market segments allows became the first privately developed successfully launched and landed the us to spread our fixed costs over liquid fuelled rocket to reach orbit. Two world’s first flight-proven orbital class multiple missions and provides a years later, Falcon 9 lifted-off for the first rocket. The success of that mission consistent income stream that’s not time and we successfully reached orbit represented the culmination of years of entirely dependent on government with that vehicle as well. In 2012, our effort from our engineers here at budget cycles. Additionally, SpaceX

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spacex.pmd 10 21/11/2017, 12:19 Q&A SpaceX....

launched 10 missions – more than we will be the most powerful vehicle to have in any previous year – and are reach orbit since the Saturn V rocket planning to increase our cadence as we that took astronauts to the moon. At five head into the second half of the year. million pounds of lift-off thrust, it will have more than double the thrust of the Question: SpaceX made history in next largest vehicle currently in March 2017 when it achieved the operation. world’s first re-flight of an orbital Not only will Falcon Heavy be the class rocket for the launch of SES- most powerful operational rocket in the 10. What can you tell us about this world by a factor of two, but thanks to achievement, and what does it mean the integrated design of our rockets, we for SpaceX going forwards? are able to use flight-proven boosters Jonathan Hofeller: Successfully for Falcon Heavy. In fact, the two side launching and landing a flight-proven boosters on Falcon Heavy maiden flight, booster for the first time was a which we are on track to launch later testament to the years of work that our this year, previously flew Falcon 9 team has put towards the goal of missions. So, Falcon Heavy will reusability. It’s our hope that continuing leverage Falcon 9’s proven heritage and to launch and land flight-proven reliability and allow larger payloads to Jonathan Hofeller, Vice President of Commercial Jonathan Hofeller, Sales at SpaceX boosters will help convince the world access to the same economical launch manufactures its launch vehicles in- that reusability is not only possible, but services that we’ve provided for smaller house to keep strong control over that it’s key to being competitive in the payloads with the Falcon 9. quality, cost and efficiency. future launch market. Question: The Dragon spacecraft Question: A wave of companies have Question: The Falcon Heavy launch made the news in 2012 when it announced plans for dedicated small vehicle, which will be the world’s became the first commercial satellite launch capabilities, putting most powerful rocket, is due for its spacecraft to deliver cargo the pressure on traditional satellite first demonstration flight later this International Space Station (ISS), but launch companies. What do you think year. Can you provide an outline of it was also designed from the of this development, and the its development, and explain how the beginning to carry people. What can potential effects on SpaceX? Falcon Heavy will benefit SpaceX as you tell us about the ongoing Jonathan Hofeller: We’re big a company and the world at large? refinements to make the Dragon 2 a proponents of competition within the Jonathan Hofeller: Falcon Heavy is a reality, and the plan to send two commercial space sector because it very exciting launch vehicle. When it private citizens to the moon and back increases overall interest in space launches later this year, Falcon Heavy in 2018? exploration and promotes rapid technological progress. That said, we’re also confident that the most cost- effective option for small satellite owners to reach their desired orbit is to fly on multi-manifested Falcon 9 or Falcon Heavy flights.

Question: In September 2016, a Falcon 9 rocket loaded with satellite payloads exploded on the launch pad due to a fault with one of the composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs). How has SpaceX recovered from this incident, and what effects has it had on the company? Jonathan Hofeller: With the support of the FAA, the Air Force, NASA and the NTSB, SpaceX completed a rigorous investigation into the cause of last year’s anomaly and has since taken corrective actions to address all of the credible causes. Our top goal coming out of the investigation was to safely and reliably return to flight for our customers, which we’ve been able to do. Since our return to flight in January of this year, we’ve successfully Photo courtesy SpaceX

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Jonathan Hofeller: Our upgraded missions with crew are underway for Dragon spacecraft, Dragon 2, will be NASA, SpaceX will fly two private utilized for both crew and cargo individuals on a trip around the moon. missions to the International Space Other flight teams have also expressed Station as part of NASA’s Cargo strong interest and we expect more to Resupply Service (CRS) and follow. Commercial Crew Programs (CCP). The crew variant of Dragon 2 is capable of Question: What else do you expect carrying a crew of up to seven to and SpaceX to achieve in the next couple beyond low Earth orbit and features an of years? advanced environmental control and life Jonathan Hofeller: We have a number support system (ECLSS), an of exciting missions on the horizon, emergency escape system, and the including the maiden flight of Falcon capability for autonomous flights to and Heavy, launching NASA astronauts to from the ISS. the ISS from American soil for the first Through our partnerships with time since the Space Shuttle program NASA’s CRS and CCP programs, was retired in 2011, and sending private SpaceX will restore America’s capability citizens on a trip around the moon and to deliver and return astronauts and to other destinations in Low Earth Orbit significant amounts of cargo to and from - all of which are important milestones the International Space Station. towards our ultimate goal of tran- Once operational Dragon 2 sporting humans to Mars. 

Orbital Test Vehicle 5 Vehicle Photo Mission. courtesy Orbital Test SpaceX

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spacex.pmd 12 21/11/2017, 12:19 Untitled-2 1 21/11/2017, 15:13 ....Government Services

Terran Orbital engineer constructs a satellite platform. Photo courtesy Tyvak Growing opportunities in government services Satellite is a key enabler for government and military groups the world over, delivering unparalleled capabilities both at home and abroad. From keeping military commanders up to date in the field, enabling heads of government to securely conduct international affairs, and to allowing officials to respond to local emergencies, satellite provides vital voice, imaging, video, data and connectivity services the world over. While in previous years, many governments had stalled or cut their space programme budgets, a turn-around in investment is expected soon, prompting satellite service providers to ramp up their offerings.

Government services have always been a key application market for government and military fixed satellite service for the satellite sector. The delivery of secure, reliable, always- (FSS) capacity would reach 615 transponder equivalents on, global communications is vital for government and military (TPEs) by 2024, up from 470 TPEs in 2014, with even higher applications alike. In the battlefield, real-time updates enabled growth expected for high throughout satellite (HTS) capacity, by satellite can make the difference between life and death, at 82.3Gbps in 2024, up from 1.97Gbps in 2014. SES while within government departments, the transfer of identified the following key market trends as major drivers in classified documents and communications is key to government satellite services demand: operational functionality. Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) Defining future demands technology using remotely piloted aircraft systems As is the case in many sectors, government needs are (RPAS) - The exponential growth in RPAS-based ISR for civil changing as technology advances and new applications and military uses is a good indicator of the direction of the develop. In the November 2016 White Paper, ‘SES Charts international government market. In 2010, 69 percent of the Rising Government Needs’ SES forecast that the global global demand for RPAS came from the US Government,

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government.pmd 14 21/11/2017, 11:35 Government Services....

while in 2015 the US accounted for 49 percent of global the leading ones, should converge into a new investment demand. During this five-year period, the US Government cycle that should drive up investments in space programs increased its use of ISR systems while decreasing its physical globally for the coming years.” presence, but international demand increased even more The report expects global spending in government space during the same years. By deploying RPAS-based ISR, programs to grow at an estimated US$79 billion annually by governments can maintain an ISR capability without having 2026. The number of countries investing in space is steadily to keep a team on the ground, decreasing risk to personnel increasing, with 70 countries in 2016, up from 47 ten years and saving costs. The connectivity requirements of RPAs are ago. In the coming years, more than 80 countries are planning demanding; for example, Predator RPAS require 3-5Mbps, to invest in space technologies and capabilities, showing that Reapers require 5-10Mbps, and Global Hawks require 10- governments consider space a valuable investment to support 50Mbps. As demand for these systems increases, so will their national socio-economic, strategic and technological demand for the communications infrastructure that supports development. them. The US remains by far the world’s largest spender in space programs, with an estimated US$35.9 billion spent in Network connectivity - As managed network access 2016, and the country has started to reverse the 25 percent becomes critical for governments to deliver applications and budget slide it initiated in 2010. Meanwhile, China overtook services to their populations, connectivity is even more Russia in 2016 with the world’s second-largest space important for military missions, peace-keeping, and civilian program, growing at an 11 percent CAGR in local currency applications. Governments recognise the value of a resilient to RMB32.6 billion (around US$4.9 billion). This followed a communications infrastructure that operates regardless of 20 percent fall in local currency of RMB213 billion (around the location or situation. As terrestrial communications are US$3.2billion) in Russian space investment in 2016 due to not immune to disruption from natural disasters or conflict, budget cuts. Japan, France, Germany, India and the EU all commercial satellite communications (COMSATCOM) also invest more than US$1 billion in their space programs. provide the vital link where existing military satellite Today, manned spaceflight programs are the largest total communications (MILSATCOM) capabilities are overstretched expenditure, with US$11.4 billion invested. Earth observation or lack coverage. missions is the second-largest spending area, with 58 countries having invested some US$10.9 billion. Launch Personnel welfare - Military personnel serving overseas, technology comes third in total spending, with US$6 billion like their civilian counterparts, have become accustomed to invested. constant connectivity. Their desire to connect with loved ones With a great wealth of new opportunities expected in the back home or enjoy the same leisure activities does not next few years, space sector companies have planned and disappear once they are posted to a remote location. This launched many new offerings tailored specifically for the requires connectivity that can deliver regardless of location, government and military segments. Others have taken the and COMSATCOM is an ideal solution. As the welfare factor route of adding new expertise in government services through becomes more important, the COMSATCOM service to collaborations, joint ventures and acquisitions. government entities is expected to increase. Speedcast enhances government activities with UltiSat Customised services - Governments are identifying new acquisition deal and efficient uses of satellite solutions, causing an increase Global communications provider Speedcast International has in demand from this sector. Commercially hosted payloads been making a lot of moves lately to expand its reach with are a good example of this. The flexibility and cost-efficiency new application segments, notably so with the acquisition of offered by hosted payloads ensures that a government can Harris CapRock. July 2017 saw it announce its latest move, contract many relevant services that a satellite is required when it entered into a definitive agreement to acquire UltiSat for on a shorter timeline than building their own. Hosted for a purchase consideration of up to US$100 million, payable payloads are well suited for Earth observation programmes, over two years and subject to the ongoing performance of hosting of sensors, proof of technology missions, or even the company. dedicated frequencies and/or reflectors. A hosted payload UltiSat is a prominent provider of remote communications can also be attractive for governments that do not yet have a and professional services to governments, particularly the spacecraft in orbit and want to take their place in the US Government, as well as international government international space community. organisations (IGOs) and non-governmental organisations (NGOs). The acquisition will significantly strengthen A turning point in government budgets Speedcast’s position in the government and NGO sectors, Euroconsult’s May 2016 ‘Government Space Programs: and complements its existing government activities in Benchmarks, Profiles & Forecasts to 2026’ report states that Australia Europe and Latin America. global space budgets fell by two percent year-on-year to “The acquisition of UltiSat extends Speedcast’s position US$62.2 billion in 2016. Governments launched 75 satellites serving government and NGO customers, at a time when we in 2016, down from the historical peak in 2015, but in line expect government spending to rise. UltiSat has built a really with the last five-year average. strong reputation providing remote communications and “The good news is that 2017 should mark a turning point professional services to key customers, such as the US with budgets recovering growth after five years of erosion,” government and IGOs,” said Speedcast’s CEO, Pierre-Jean said Steve Bochinger, COO at Euroconsult and Editor of the Beylier. “I am excited to have the UltiSat team joining report. “The last few years were marked by opposing trends Speedcast. Speedcast’s scale, global network and unique between countries boosting their spending and those forced support services capabilities will enable the combined group to apply cost-cutting measures. Most countries, especially to provide expanded services and coverage for UltiSat’s

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customers around the world. Speedcast will also be able to to extend the X-band coverage and services from 178 West leverage UltiSat’s solutions and expertise to serve other to 163 East, including the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific governments globally with which Speedcast has existing region. The Skynet network now offers global military relationships.” coverage, expanding core service reach for the UK military UltiSat’s CEO Mohammed G. Abutaleb will lead the newly- and augmenting coalition capabilities in the region. Since the formed government division at Speedcast, which will focus relocation of Skynet 5A, Airbus Defence and Space has on providing communication solutions and professional signed ten channel partner agreements with companies in services to Speedcast’s and UltiSat’s existing and new the Asia-Pacific region and in the USA. government and IGO customers, as well as driving new “PlanetComm is truly honoured to become an authorised growth in the nearly US$5 billion market for government and Airbus Channel Partner,” said Trevor Thompson, President military satellite communications. and Chief Technology Officer at PlanetComm. ”Since the “The UltiSat team is thrilled to join the Speedcast Group. relocation of Skynet 5 to 95 degrees East, which is ideally Speedcast’s scale and global capabilities will enable us to suited for Thailand and Southeast Asia in achieving high Earth expand the portfolio of services we can offer to our customers station look angles, we have been actively promoting Skynet- and to pursue new opportunities. This is an exciting 5’s X-band and UHF satcom services to the Thai Defence development for our employees and our customers, and I Forces and Government agencies. We are pleased that we look forward to taking our combined government and IGO have now formalized our business relationship and can business to new heights over the years to come,” said continue to actively promote Airbus Skynet services in Abutaleb. Thailand.” The transaction is expected to complete in the fourth quarter of 2017 subject to customary closing conditions, Lockheed Martin including regulatory approvals. Lockheed Martin, too, is trying to get a bigger share of the government market with its recent June 2017 investment in Airbus expands Skynet capabilities with new channel nanosatellite producer Terran Orbital. According to Lockheed partners in Asia Martin, the investment will create opportunities for the Airbus owns and operates the Skynet X-band satellite companies to share their expertise and customer constellation of seven satellites and the ground network to relationships to advance this emerging technology. provide all beyond line of sight (BLOS) communications to “Terran brings established customer relationships across the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD). The contract also allows a broad range of civil, military, commercial and classified other NATO and allied governments such as members of the customers,” said Chris Moran, Executive Director and General five-eyes community (the UK, the USA, Australia, New Manager of Lockheed Martin Ventures. “The opportunity to Zealand and Canada) to use the Skynet system to augment invest in a nanosat leader allows us to address our customer’s their existing services. increasing interest in rapid, responsive and cost-effective In line with increasing market expectations and growing technology missions and demonstrations.” space programme budgets, Airbus has continued to expand The agreement includes cash and in-kind investments its own government services capabilities. In May 2017, Airbus for an equity stake in Terran. Lockheed Martin has partnered added Planet Communications Asia Public Co., Ltd. with Terran in the past on Department of Defense (DoD) and (PlanetComm) to its channel partner programme for Skynet NASA missions. This investment will enable the expansion 5 military satellite communication services, and expanded of that relationship. its existing partnership with Speedcast. Under the channel “An equity investment by Lockheed Martin allows us to partner agreement, PlanetComm and Speedcast will offer grow our business while further solidifying our relationship Skynet X-band and UHF services and part of the satellite with the leader in aerospace and defence to provide a broader communications portfolios. range of innovative solutions to our customers,” said Tony Speedcast has been delivering tactical secure Previte, CEO of Terran Orbital. communications services to the Australian and New Zealand While Lockheed Martin has provided funding to venture Governments since September 2016, and the partnership stage companies since 2007, it refocused in 2016 to longer has now been extended to cover customers in the Philippines. term, strategic investments in technology innovations that In addition, on behalf of Airbus, Speedcast manages the Asia could drive growth in existing, adjacent and new markets for anchor station facility for the Skynet 5A military satellite, Lockheed Martin. With the government services sector set based at Speedcast’s teleport in Adelaide, Australia. to grow significantly in the coming years, and increased Meanwhile, the newly-signed partnership with PlanetComm competition in Lockheed Martin’s other business areas, the covers Thailand, and expands their product offering into the investment could be a boon for long-term results.  military market. “It is a really positive step to further increase our relationship with Speedcast, and also PlanetComm within countries that can really benefit from the unique capabilities of the Skynet fleet,” said Richard Franklin, Head of Secure Communications at Airbus Defence and Space. Airbus continues to develop new partnerships to deliver highly resilient Skynet military satellite communication services to the Asia Pacific region following the move of its Skynet 5A satellite from 6 degrees East to 95 degrees East to provide global X-band and UHF coverage in this region. The relocation of Skynet 5A was initiated in September 2015 UltiSat's Denmark teleport

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government.pmd 16 21/11/2017, 11:35 Untitled-2 1 21/11/2017, 15:14 ....Broadcast Content

Photo courtesy of Shutterstock How to future-proof broadcast contribution Broadcast contribution is something many of us take for granted in the Western World – it just happens, and we don’t consider the advanced technologies that go into it. With today’s level of advancement, we expect multiple TV channels to carry video footage of the latest events, whether they be major news stories, sporting events, or live concerts. Naturally, those channels with the greatest coverage also have the largest audiences. Rémi Beaudouin, VP of Marketing at ATEME, outlines how the latest technologies are being adopted in broadcast contribution, and explains why flexibility is key for future-proofing.

It is an obvious thing to say, but television is a visual from there. Presentation around the event, including medium. To win an audience, your visual content must be comments and analysis from pundits, had to be added at the better than the rest of the competition. In news, that means studio. being at the heart of the action. Talking heads in the studio The recent World Athletic Championships in London are no substitute for pictures – and preferably live pictures – featured multiple events simultaneously, on both track and from the scene. field. In the past, these would have been edited on site and Even in relatively recent times, news reports from conflicts delivered as a single feed. The concept of major broadcasters or natural disasters around the world depended on the having their own presentation in the stadium, or trackside journalist finding someone at the nearest airport that would interviews, was fanciful. carry cans of film, or tapes, back to base. Reporting from the The reason for this was that content was carried from the scene could mean waiting days for material to be ready for venue to the broadcaster over a dedicated video circuit. Sites broadcast. That idea is laughable today. which needed regular connection – outside political buildings, Sport is the other major genre where immediacy is for example, as well as major sports venues – would have a everything. Until recently, this meant a single feed from the permanent cable. Others might use a line-of-sight microwave venue to the host broadcaster, and international distribution link. Most recently, satellite news gathering (SNG) trucks used

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ateme.pmd 18 21/11/2017, 11:18 Broadcast Content....

video links over satellite. This was the only technology available, but it was inevitably expensive because it used dedicated video resources. Sports events could justify only a single feed. The decision to cover a news story live was made on financial grounds.

IP More recently, two things have happened that have transformed the concept of broadcast contribution. First, video and audio has moved from analogue to digital, and digital compression has greatly improved in efficiency and image quality. And second, ready availability of data ATEME Solution for Contribution circuits as a commodity has slashed the cost of connectivity. Bring the two together and you have the new market of So now we can expect not just a single line from a major digital contribution. In 2017, we are set to see the total value football match, but multiple feeds with different content or in of contribution encoders exceed US$320 million, according different formats. The recent UEFA Champions’ League Final to a forecast by SNL Kagan. It is a clear indication that this is in Cardiff had three independent productions covering the now firmly established as the way forward. game: Ultra HD including 4K HDR video and Dolby Atmos The technology base allows users to become more flexible sound; traditional HD; and a unique 12 camera virtual reality in the way they work. It allows contribution from anywhere (VR) shoot. All these, plus extra feeds to support interactivity, that can support a managed data network, or even a were fed back to the host broadcaster 250 kilometres away broadband internet connection. over digital contribution circuits. And if the data pipe is big enough, it allows multiple feeds Looking back to the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, the from a single location. Sports stadiums are now typically major broadcasters in Europe and America sent minimal integrated into a telco’s data trunk network, providing as much teams to site, relying primarily on multiple feeds back to their as tens of gigabits a second on managed networks which home bases, as well as remote editing using proxies and broadcasters can tap into. transfers of only the required content.

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ateme.pmd 19 21/11/2017, 11:18 ....Broadcast Content

Three-point balance By putting all the functionality into software, it makes the Another fundamental shift in thinking as we move away from device very agile. If a new format comes along – 4K Ultra dedicated video circuits to data links is that we now have the HD, for example – then the software can support it with little flexibility to determine how we use them, for instance to more effort than altering a few parameters. If new concepts provide multiple feeds. come along which are not yet standardised – and 360 degrees When making plans for a contribution, users have to VR is currently in this state – then you can set the software balance three key factors: up for each specific project until a standard emerges. It also allows for continual improvement. HEVC is still • Bandwidth - What bitrate is available, or can be financially relatively new as a codec, and the underlying mathematical justified; processes to get the best out of the algorithms are still being • Image quality - A prestige sporting event has to look refined. A new approach to processing might make a perfect; if the story is important enough then any picture significant improvement in compression efficiency or time. is better than none; and The revised software can be installed as a download upgrade • Latency - If you have two-way interaction across the circuit at any time. then you want latency to be as low as possible. What is sometimes forgotten is that this approach also Conversely, if you are just getting a rolling feed of an event, takes advantage of continuous improvement in the hardware you may not worry about losing a second along the way. platform. We are all aware that the computers and laptops we use every day increase in power with every release. By These work together: You can have high quality in a small using a COTS approach to an encoder, the same software bitrate if you can accept an extended processing time and becomes more efficient with each upgrade in processor power therefore more latency. Or you can have very low latency, or operating system. top quality content if you have the bandwidth to carry it. The All of these advantages apply, whether the smart software very best possible quality will come from a signal which is is running on a genuine COTS box – a PC or a blade server uncompressed, but this will still involve some latency as it – or a dedicated hardware platform which is based on COTS has to be packetised to be carried over an IP circuit. technology. However, there are some applications which still You will appreciate that every contribution circuit will need require dedicated hardware in addition to the core processing. a different balance, and the decisions will not be constant If your contribution will be via satellite, for example, it would but vary over time. When H.264 replaced MPEG-2 it delivered be convenient for the encoder to incorporate within the box the same perceived quality in half the bandwidth. As HEVC the DVB-S2 modulation. – the high efficiency video codec – replaces H.264, we see Cyber security is becoming an important consideration. the same halving of bandwidth. A well-designed software-based product will include a layered Conversely, we are adding to our quality demands. 4K approach which ensures that any attack on the hardware or Ultra HD has four times the native bitrate of HD, so even with operating system does not result in any impact on the content the improved efficiency of HEVC the contribution bandwidth or on other devices attached to the encoder or decoder may need to go up. HDR – high dynamic range – adds 25 platform. Again, the flexibility of a software-based architecture per cent to the raw bitrate, again putting upward pressure on allows new threats to be addressed quickly and decisively. bandwidth. The future Flexibility Broadcasters and content producers will always need to meet What is clear, then, is that the ideal contribution encoder will the expectations of their audiences. They will do this with have a great deal of flexibility built in. It will support multiple ever-more engaging, more immediate and more vibrant input formats, and it will allow the user to determine the digital content. For broadcasters in particular, live programming – output based on the right three-point balance for the which can include entertainment and reality shows as well application. as sport and news – will grow in importance in winning and Finally, it will deliver its output stream to whatever transport retaining audiences. fabric is appropriate. Very high capacity dark fibre is one To feed this expansion in live content, they will need to extreme; cellular networks are the other, but still acceptable commit to contribution technology which delivers the optimum if it allows a reporter to get live pictures back before the in image and sound quality, in a reliable manner and with competition does. If the exact performance of the circuit is minimal latency. The contribution encoders will also need to hard to determine, then adding adaptive bitrate (ABR) be compact to take up the minimum space in an outside encoding ensures that the circuit benefits from the maximum broadcast truck, or even in a reporter’s backpack. bandwidth available from moment to moment. But they will also need to be able to grow, adding 5G is the next development in cellular technology, functionality, improved compression algorithms and new promising gigabit speeds for large numbers of concurrent formats as they become available. Ideally, the functionality users, using very high frequency wireless signals which should be available on a licence basis rather than having to penetrate buildings efficiently. 5G is still some years away, make a capital purchase regardless of whether you need it but it should be part of any plan. or not. The move from capital expenditure to operational To achieve this level of flexibility, smart developers of expenditure is important in tying the cost of content creation contribution encoders have turned to another disruptive shift to the revenues achieved from it. in technology for broadcast applications. This is the move to What is required is a powerful solution which is separate the functional software from the hardware platform, implemented in software, and can be routinely upgraded and and ultimately move to highly functional, broadcast-specific updated, by a vendor which is committed to the industry. With products which run on standardised hardware, often called such a platform, users can be confident that they have COTS or commercial off-the-shelf hardware. successfully future-proofed their contribution needs. 

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ateme.pmd 20 21/11/2017, 11:18 The Next Generation for SATCOM Ku-band

Downsizing and high linear gain • World’s first GaN MMIC with multiple amplifier stages, matching circuit and linearizer in one chip

Low distortion for high signal integrity • Built-in linearizer enables low distortion in power transmitters

Ku-band GaN HEMT line-up expansion • Combining GaN MMIC with existing 50W and 80W GaN HEMT enables configuration of multiple power amplifier stages

50W GaN HEMT 80W GaN HEMT 20W GaN HEMT MMIC

Environmental awareness: All products comply with regulations governing the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS).

Mitsubishi Electric’s Ku-band 20W monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifier for satellite earth stations, features the world’s first gallium nitride (GaN) high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT) MMIC with integrated linearizer to compensate for distortion. The MMIC GaN HEMT, has an output of 43dBm (20W) and linear gain of 20.0dB, will contribute to the downsizing, high-performance and faster development of power transmitters. Along with the company’s existing 50W and 80W GaN HEMTs the range enables power transmitters to be configured for a wide range of output power.

For more information, visit us at: www.MitsubishiElectric.com.sg or email: [email protected]

ad.pmd 5 29/04/2016, 09:41 ....Q&A MX1

MX1 playout room at the media centre at Emek Ha’ela. Photo courtesy of MX1

company on a truly global level. So, you Content is King won’t find one management team member responsible for just one single A wholly-owned subsidiary of SES, MX1 is an international country. We wanted to take the best media services provider with operations hubs in Germany, parts from both organizations, and I Israel, the UK, the US and Romania. The company distributes think we are well on our way. We are winning deals that neither one of the two more than 2,750 TV channels, manages channel origination for former companies on their own would more than 500 channels, and delivers syndicated content to have won. more than 120 VOD platforms every day. Amy Saunders met Question: What can you tell us about with Frank Hoffmann, Chief Strategy Officer of MX1, to discuss the services MX1 has to offer? the latest trends in all things broadcast, and the company’s Frank Hoffmann: We are serving expectations for the future. media customers all along the content value chain - from aggregating their produced content and processing it for various distribution and contribution Question: MX1 was formed in 2016 sports leagues and premium content purposes (live-linear as well as non-live, following the merger of RR Media and brokers. We orchestrate and operate on satellite, cable, fibre and IP) - we SES Platform Services. What can you fitting solutions for our customers and distribute this content to the targeted tell us about that process, and the enable them to monetize their content. audiences or reception stations. To cut developments within the company We combined two companies with a long story short, we orchestrate and since then? a very different DNA – former SES operate end-to-end media delivery Frank Hoffmann: Under the umbrella Platform Services with a strong footprint chains for our customers, and thus of SES, we created MX1 as a global in the German-speaking countries enable them to monetize their video provider of advanced media services (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) and a content on all possible end consumer and solutions serving customers in strong tier 1 focus, and former RR video platforms. Based on strong three major business segments in the Media with offices and operations in service level agreements (SLAs), our media industry: Traditional broadcasters Israel, the UK, the US and Romania, customers can focus on their core and broadcast networks, DTH, cable specialized in very flexible, efficient and business - creating high quality content and IP platform operators, as well as agile services for smaller customers. to satisfy the never-ending appetite of content rights owners such as major From day one, we decided to run the their audiences - while we take care of

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mx1.pmd 22 21/11/2017, 11:27 Q&A MX1....

thoughts on this topic and the generated, entertaining content easily potential implications for OTT? on your smartphone or tablet, and in the Frank Hoffmann: High quality content future presumably also in your self- always needs protection. But I don’t driving car that drives you to work. But think that OTT is a vehicle for more will you binge-watch 10 episodes of a piracy. Eventually we will see this series on a 5-inch screen? Or your problem resolved, with advanced favourite football match? All video technologies protecting content and content has a fair chance to reach an networks. At MX1, we know how to audience. And transporting the video to process content in a fully secured way. the audience, is part of our job at MX1 From the moment content is ingested as well as part of the job of SES. into our networks, to the point where we hand over signals, streams, and Question: In your opinion, what were digital content packages in an MX1’s biggest achievements of 2017, encrypted way for further distribution. and how might they be built upon for 2018? Question: According to reports, 2016 Frank Hoffmann: We have won some marked the first year when more OTT very important new customers and

Frank Hoffmann, Chief Strategy Officer of MX1 Hoffmann, Chief Strategy Frank content was consumed via device contracts in 2017, such as Amazon, for instead of a TV. What’s your take on which we are contributing both live all technical operations and service this news? events and linear channels via IP. We delivery. Frank Hoffmann: I agree with a also provide full content management statement from AT&T: “The future of and delivery services to Goalplay, an Question: With the rise of OTT, some video is mobile, and the future of mobile online coaching platform for soccer, broadcasters are expecting a is video.” Indeed, consumers watch founded by world-famous goalkeeper significant downfall in their more and more content on mobile Oliver Kahn. These are just a couple of traditional business operations. What devices. But we always have to ask: examples which highlight what we do is your assessment of the potential What kind of content is that? Sure, you in the ‘next-generation-video’ segment. of OTT, and how can traditional watch a short news video on your On the other hand, we continue to broadcasters ensure they remain smartphone, or a cat-video on your serve our important traditional customer relevant? tablet. And especially the so-called base, broadcasters and Pay TV Frank Hoffmann: The potential of OTT ‘Millennials’ or ‘Generation-Y’ is often platforms, with our conventional media is huge – and we see in various markets said to be a generation not interested solutions portfolio. We will continue to that what has initially been a loss- in having a big TV screen in the living do so in 2018. We will build on top of making, but must-have business now room anymore. our achievements this year, and turns more and more into a profitable But here again: I think this is fully strengthen our approach to be a true one. So yes, OTT is here to stay. But is dependant on the video content you orchestrator of all kinds of media it a threat? I don’t think so. Consumers watch. Yes – you consume user- delivery.  love to watch video on any screen. I think what really matters is the content they watch. Content is king and will remain king – and whilst OTT solutions provide consumers a great user experience - think for example of the option to binge-watch your favourite new series anytime on any device – live events, sports, concerts, and news are still better enjoyed live in traditional broadcasting. Who wants to watch the Champions League finals time-shifted or as VoD? Live video has a definitive role to play, as has VoD. They are complementing each other. It is all about content, and any attractive piece of content will find a fitting audience.

Question: Content piracy has become an increasing challenge as a greater proportion of the population becomes ever-more tech-savvy. People aren’t even restricted to downloading pirated content anymore; they can simply stream it from an illegal site. What are your Satellite station at Emek Ha’ela. Photo courtesy of MX1 Satellite station at Emek Ha’ela.

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mx1.pmd 23 21/11/2017, 11:27 ....Q&A SES

Photo courtesy SES Planning for the future SES was established in 1985 as Europe’s first private satellite operator, and it has come a long way since then. Today, it operates more than 50 geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites and 12 medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites. SES’s satellite fleet covers more than 99 percent of the world’s population, and provides services to video and data customers through its two newly- formed business units; SES Video and SES Networks. Amy Saunders spoke with Deepak Mathur, Executive Vice President, Global Sales, SES Video, to find out more about the company’s market assessment and plans for the future.

Question: History was made in March and SpaceX is going to drastically of the new units, the benefits they 2017 when SES-10 was successfully shorten their refuelling cycle. will deliver to SES, and how your own launched on board a flight-proven There are going to be huge role will be changed? SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. How implications because of the number of Deepak Mathur: The creation of SES important do you think reusable LEO systems that are scheduled to go Networks and SES Video was driven launchers are for the industry? up. We have to achieve super low-cost by the fact that beyond bandwidth, our Deepak Mathur: From the technology and very frequent access to space to customers are seeking more standpoint, we’ve worked with SpaceX send LEO satellite constellations – specialised solutions. We’re organising on some exciting developments. The consisting of thousands of satellites – ourselves to be the most responsive we importance of the launch of SES-10 on into orbit. If you need to launch 24,000 can be. SpaceX’s first flight-proven rocket satellites, you will need a lot of rockets. With so much innovation happening cannot be understated. Reusable rockets are the only way in the value chain; from the launch With what SpaceX and Blue Origin we’re going to get there. vehicle side, the satellite perspective, are doing, and the pressure it’s creating and ground infrastructure, it has on the other launch vehicle providers, Question: In April 2017, SES become more important for us to have the entire industry is changing. There announced the creation of two new deeper expertise in each of these is a very real possibility that Blue Origin business units: SES Video and SES verticals. Besides providing capacity, will achieve its 100 rocket re-uses goal, Networks. Can you describe the roles we also offer comprehensive

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ses.pmd 24 21/11/2017, 11:23 Q&A SES....

capacity type caters to a slightly much more compelling future-proof different customer need. That is the video solutions for our customers. genesis of SES Networks – to be far more internally integrated to provide Question: We’re hearing a lot about that combined solution set. the possibilities of virtual reality from On the video side, we have created all across the satellite and MX1, which has now been integrated broadcasting sectors, and SES has with SES to create SES Video. The been active in performing rationale is that customer needs are demonstrations at key events. What’s changing. Traditionally, a customer your outlook on this fledgling would have just required a transponder technology, and what are the for distribution over a certain area. opportunities for satellite operators? Today, customers want to time shift Deepak Mathur: SES always aims to content, encode it differently, implement be on the leading edge of technology local advertising, dub the content, and solutions that are relevant to our play the same content at the same time customers. In a sports context, virtual everywhere. MX1 adds on all these reality can be incredibly compelling. If

Deepak Mathur, Executive Vice President, Global Executive Deepak Mathur, Video SES Sales, service capabilities to SES’s you’re watching a baseball or soccer infrastructure to provide a really game, it offers a completely different knowledge across the overall compelling proposition to the end viewing, life-like experience, as though ecosystem for customers that require customers. you are actually physically on the field. specialised and deeper solutions. My position is changing at the same Will it be ubiquitous for all types of Traditionally, satellite operators time as this reorganisation. So far, I’ve content? Perhaps not, but it could be tended to provide satellite capacity, been responsible for Asia and the an important niche for some customers. while customers built the networks. Middle East for video and data, as well It is an incredibly compelling proposition When high throughput satellites (HTS) as for data for Europe. In my new role, I for certain genres. are involved, it becomes more am responsible for video on a global We were a part of the standard complicated as it is difficult for a single scale. It’s exciting as SES has an setting body for the roll out of HD, and customer to build a network that covers incredibly mature ecosystem in Europe we’re now accelerating the delivery of the entire globe. This involves extensive and North America and Latin America, Ultra HD through trials with our partners teleport infrastructure and stitching very deep customers relationships, and and customers. Not all technologies will satellite capacity together. a fantastic team. We are looking at have massive market successes, but it’s Certain customers want purely better integrating with MX1 to provide incumbent on us to explore them and bandwidth, and we’ll continue to support them with the latest bandwidth that we can put up in the sky. There are also customers who are much more interested in buying bandwidth in one market, as well as buying a fully- managed service in other markets. For example, if you have a cruise ship that operates primarily in the Caribbean, you’d buy bandwidth in the Caribbean and build your own infrastructure. When the ship picks up passengers in Europe, you don’t necessarily want to put up infrastructure across the entire chain; many customers want a fully-managed service when ships go into different markets. Driven by our customers’ needs, we’re starting to move deeper into the solutions sector. We’ve found that many customers want the best of all three worlds; using a shaped beam to send the same information across a wide region, using high throughput spot beams to receive information from specific areas, and very large low-latency bandwidth in another area. More of our customers are leveraging this combination of widebeam GEO satellites, HTS GEO satellites, and MEO satellites. Each Photo courtesy SES

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provide relevant answers to our if you’re trying to provide connectivity much been launching a new satellite customers. in a sparsely-populated or remote area. every year for that region. We are There is great Ultra HD content There needs to be good fibre keeping the rate forward with SES-12 being produced today for the sports, connectivity to uplink to the satellite. and another four MEO satellites going nature or travel genres; it will be exciting We have achieved a certain sweet up next year. to see how these translate into a virtual spot with our O3b MEO fleet, as many Our satellites over Asia have been reality environment. of our customers across different largely widebeam satellites and MEO industries and markets are undergoing satellites, and will add on SES-12, our Question: SES made big news last a massive shift from local storage hybrid GEO HTS satellite which year with the acquisition of O3b towards cloud-based, network-centric combines both shaped beam and spot Networks, but it is not the only major operations. beams, in the next year. traditional satellite operator to To meet this trend, we announced Video still leverages the maximum expand its reach into non-GEO O3b mPOWER in September, a reach with the broadcast nature of systems. What do you think of this revolutionary satellite-based network traditional widebeam satellites; viewers trend of combining GEO with MEO that will redefine the boundaries of what in a large region can see the same and LEO systems? satellite connectivity can achieve. The content without any change in cost. In Deepak Mathur: There are significant new satellite system can deliver multiple the data space, in order to have a cost- advantages to moving closer to the terabits of data throughput globally and competitive solution, spot beam Earth. Fundamentally, you’re reducing complement our existing O3b MEO fleet satellites such as SES-12 can help latency. However, there’s a limit to how to connect exponentially more people, reduce the cost per Megabit. close to the Earth you want to be; the communities and businesses. In Asia, it is also incredibly important further up satellites go, the more of the to provide backhaul to 3G, 4G and 5G Earth they see. Question: The Asia-Pacific region is networks as they come online. A lot of Actual population centres comprise considered one of the fastest- governments and telecom operators between five and seven percent of the growing geographical markets for have deployed these high bandwidth Earth’s land mass. A LEO constellation satellite communications. How is networks, but they don’t always have the essentially covers 100 percent of the SES addressing this demand, and appropriate backhaul capability. Earth and would be used about seven how does it expect this area to When the O3b mPOWER system is percent of the time. The second issue develop? launched, it will provide unprec- is that, because you see a lot less of Deepak Mathur: Several customers edented high-power satellite capacity to the Earth from LEO, you need an have transitioned to SES-9 satellite, our support the roll-out of better 4G extensive number of gateways on the latest satellite for the region, and are networks and the migration towards 5G. ground to feed the satellites. The uplink using it to grow their DTH offerings in O3b mPOWER will also deliver a virtual and downlink must also be in the same India, Southeast Asia, and the fibre experience to more routes, smaller satellite beam. That becomes an issue Philippines. Since 2013, we’ve pretty vessels, and commercial fleets in the region, as well as low-latency MEO- based services to the mass aero market, serving the needs of the region’s fast-growing maritime and inflight connectivity markets.

Question: What do you expect SES to achieve in 2018? Deepak Mathur: We expect our video business to continue to grow with customers needing more bandwidth to grow their DTH offerings. We will also expand and deepen our services part of the video offering, with the integration of MX1, and help customers deliver content around the world in a more seamless fashion. We will also have SES-12 and four more MEO satellites in orbit next year. On the data side, we are looking to bring on board new customers that traditionally have not leveraged satellites, such as airlines that have not had connectivity in Asia. It’s important that we’re able to provide more solutions to our data customers. Finally, we want to achieve a much stronger marriage between GEO widebeam, GEO HTS, and MEO.  Photo courtesy SES

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ses.pmd 26 21/11/2017, 11:23 Untitled-3 1 22/11/2017, 08:19 ....Disaster Recovery

Network truck using SATCOM to restore communications in Puerto Rico Disaster recovery – hurricane and fire season 2017 For decades, satellite communications have been utilized for business continuity, emergency response and disaster recovery. Like most technologies, over time, satellite ground equipment has become lighter, faster, and cheaper. It is now easier than ever to have a quick-deploy satellite kit that can be pulled from a secure storage facility and used to restore communications. Krystal Dredge, Director of Marketing at AvL Technologies, outlines how satellite has played a key role during the hurricane and fire season of 2017.

Natural disasters have been widespread in 2017. for most become completely unavailable. Often local Hurricanes have directly hit multiple southern US television and radio stations sustain damage to antennas, communities and islands in the Caribbean, damaging homes and emergency response two-way radios also become and businesses as well as causing widespread flooding and inoperable if the signal repeaters and antennas happen to significant property destruction. In California and the Pacific be on the cell towers that are damaged or destroyed. Natural Northwest, uncontained fires raged for weeks before being disasters quickly disable communications both to the public brought under control. Billions of dollars in damages from and emergency responders, thereby greatly hindering natural disasters have destroyed many local economies from emergency response efforts. the west coast all the way to Puerto Rico. These devastating Satellite communications, or SATCOM, is a proven way events destroyed or degraded network operations centers to quickly restore communications. With SATCOM, local (NOCs) and cellular towers with the same abandon that they government responders such as police and fire departments, impacted homes, schools, businesses, and retail stores. and military responders such as the US Air National Guard, When NOCs and towers are inoperable, communications can establish a connection and share connectivity to enable

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voice calls and texts and other data-based communications. Local TV and radio stations are once again able to broadcast so that anyone with power will be able to hear or view updates on emergency response efforts, including when and where to go for help.

Puerto Rico The devastation in Puerto Rico caused by Hurricane Maria is indescribable. After the storm, most of the island’s power was inoperable and most cell towers were damaged or destroyed. Within a month, much of the island’s power was restored and communications networks, such as AT&T, were gradually brought back online with SATCOM services. AT&T responded by using SATCOM for communications backhaul for cellular connections. With an AvL transportable antenna, network communications can be routed through a SATCOM connections. Importantly, a SATCOM connection can be enabled within minutes. As tower service is restored in one location, the AvL antenna can be disassembled, packed, moved, reassembled and a new SATCOM connection established very quickly to enable communications in a new location. AT&T also has service trucks on-site with rooftop US Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Hideyoshi Izumi Hideyoshi Staff Sgt. photo by US Air Force SATCOM antennas, and these trucks are quickly deployable to any location needed for emergency communications or for New York State (NYS) Police recently deployed dozens enabling network services for island residents. of officers to Puerto Rico to assist with relief efforts. After The US military response to Puerto Rico was criticized at arriving, the officers quickly realized that reliable first for being slow, but the military’s great organization kicked communications was an extremely limiting factor in their ability in and multiple ships and planes soon arrived with water, to do the job, and they were concerned about the safety of medical supplies and communications gear. Among the gear their officers. The NYSP officers reached out to Victor, New were antennas for connecting to both the SES GEO network York, based L3 Global Communications Solutions (GCS) and and the O3b MEO network. Antennas were provided to local asked for assistance. According to Eileen Yatteau of L3 GCS, government and police agencies for restoring emergency “We shipped a Hawkeye III Lite VSAT terminal to them and communications to coordinate relief efforts. they are using it currently and moving it from location to The O3b network was also used from Royal Caribbean’s location. This terminal is enabling communications between Adventure of the Seas ship, which was sent to Puerto Rico, officers for collaboration and coordination between teams. St. Croix and St. Thomas to deliver supplies and gather Because of its portability and ruggedness, it’s helping with evacuees for transport to Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. While relief efforts in several parts of Puerto Rico.” onboard the ship, passengers were able to use the O3b network to make calls and use data applications to California wildfires communicate with loved ones. The Adventure of the Seas is Wildfires in northern California’s wine country have one of many Royal Caribbean ships with special maritime devastated schools, businesses and entire neighbourhoods. tracking antennas that operate on the O3b network to provide Unusually dry conditions and strong winds fuelled the fires, high throughput, low latency communications through O3b’s which grew rapidly and moved very, very quickly – before MEO satellites. people could evacuate in many situations. As the fires destroyed power sources, cell towers and most Internet access, the California Air National Guard’s 163rd Attack Wing at March Air Reserve Base set up a rapid deploy Mobile Emergency Operations Center (MEOC) near Napa Valley College, which housed an evacuation center. The MEOC enabled ground-to-ground, air-to-ground, wireless network and SATCOM, which assisted hundreds of evacuees with wireless services. Video streaming into the MEOC via SATCOM enabled the Airmen to update fire maps and help evacuees determine if their homes had burned or been spared.

Summary In all of these instances, SATCOM has proven itself to be an invaluable resource. Through its inherent ability to be transportable and easily deployable, satellite communication, especially as provided through AvL Technologies, has allowed restoration of critical communications links that have eased L3 GCS’ Hawkeye III Lite VSAT deployed with the NYS Police in the burden of these disasters on those affected while making Puerto Rico in support of hurricane relief the job of first responders safer. 

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disaster.pmd 29 21/11/2017, 11:38 ....Multimedia-on-the-Move

Inmarsat’s Gulfstream 4 aircraft used for its “Around the World” test flight. Photo courtesy Inmarsat Delivering premium connectivity services in flight Inflight connectivity has become a major growth market for satellite service providers in recent years as consumers have started to demand access to the same level of services in the air as they receive on the ground. While uptake has been strong among many airlines, some have started to go above and beyond by offering premium services to business class customers, and differentiated service offerings for private planes and business jets.

In an industry facing increasing competition, enhancing accept even basic connectivity if it doesn’t cost them too the passenger experience is vital to attract and retain much, business users often need a much higher level of customers. Many airlines today offer inflight entertainment service to be able to work during flights, while military and (IFE), with some form of seat-back media content pretty defence group users travelling on specialised aircraft require standard on all but the shortest of flights. Delivering high- a dedicated solution to meet all their needs, guaranteed. speed inflight connectivity is a more complex and costly affair Accordingly, many satellite service companies are today than IFE solutions, and many airlines are increasing revenues differentiating their solutions to provide for different end users. by charging for this service. On a single plane, there may be many different connectivity Despite the vast amount of media attention garnered on package options to pick from, while some premium airlines today’s inflight connectivity solutions, many of which promise have decided to simplify matters by including a top-of-the- to deliver the world, consumers are still being left short when range service to all customers. it comes to Internet connectivity in the air. Demand for the service is booming, but connectivity remains patchy and, in Disruptive technologies many cases, only available for a significant extra cost. The Mobility is one of the fastest-growing business segments for market is further complicated by the different types of satellite service providers right now, with growth strong across consumers; while many recreational travellers are happy to all three segments; terrestrial, maritime, and aviation.

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aviation.pmd 30 21/11/2017, 11:39 Untitled-2 1 27/09/2017, 08:11 ....Multimedia-on-the-Move

However, there’s a big difference between each of the mobility Global Xpress ‘Around the World’ test flight. The Gulfstream sectors, requiring highly-tailored solutions for each. In the IV aircraft covered more than 25,000 miles between 5 June maritime sector, for example, one of the strongest growth and 11 June, demonstrating Global Xpress’ ability to deliver factors is crew welfare. With so many employees often living seamless, worldwide coverage across multiple spot beams on board a single boat for extended periods, be it a fishing and satellites. According to Inmarsat, while government and vessel, a cargo ship or a cruise liner, keeping crew content business users have historically had to manipulate flight plans with high-speed connectivity is a high priority for ship owners to avoid gaps in coverage and performance, the test flight who want productive staff who will stay the course. The enjoyed complete flexibility in route selection. The flight route aviation sector is quite different, because the focus is more spanned the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, starting on customer needs than employees, and good connectivity in the USA with stops in the UK, the UAE, Thailand, Australia has proven a key differentiator when customers are picking and Fiji. between airlines. A Global Xpress subscription-based data plan was Valour Consultancy’s May 2017 ‘The Market for In-Flight configured for the Honeywell aero Tail Mount Antenna (TMA), Connectivity on VIP and Business Aircraft’ reports that the with a committed rate of 4Mbps forward and 1Mbps return, number of installed inflight connectivity systems on VIP and but capable of 15Mbps or more. Uniform coverage and service business aircraft was 19,131 at the end of 2016; this is was delivered to the aircraft as it moved across 28 beams expected to almost double over the next ten years to 37,710 with handovers that went unnoticed by users; three satellite- by 2026. According to the report, L-band is the most dominant to-satellite handovers were accomplished seamlessly. The connectivity technology making up 75 percent of cumulative terminal’s global plan enabled access to the Global Xpress connections, and is expected to remain popular in the years network worldwide without the need to pre-coordinate and to come. receive satellite-specific option files. During the flight, Global “While Inmarsat is seeing a lot of interest from operators Xpress supported mission-critical voice, data and streaming looking to upgrade from lower-bandwidth IFC systems to Jet applications to include video teleconferencing, high-speed ConneX, the company is also working on increasing the Internet access and file transfer, VPN as well as phone calls, performance of the L-band technology used for and fully delivered or exceeded the committed information SwiftBroadband (SBB),” said Report author and Valour rate. Consultancy’s Senior Consultant, Craig Foster. “Iridium, Inmarsat’s always-on worldwide capability for VIP aircraft meanwhile, has just launched the second batch of Iridium customers is part of the company’s global mobility-centric NEXT satellites and the Iridium Certus solution is sure to strategy, and is unique in the market. Global Xpress’ spot find favour among operators of small and medium-sized beam architecture ensures uniform distribution of capacity, business jets less suited to the fitment of bulky radomes when allowing for consistent, uninterrupted connectivity no matter commercial service begins in 2019.” where the user is operating. Connectivity based on air-to-ground technologies such “This Gulfstream IV ‘Around the World’ test flight as Gogo’s upcoming launch of Gogo Biz 4G and SmartSky demonstrates Inmarsat’s ability to deliver reliable, seamless Networks’ 4G is set to make waves throughout the industry, next-generation wideband connectivity for aeronautical while the European Aviation Network (EAN) is also expected users,” said Steve Gizinski, Vice President of Special to hold potential for business users. While Ku-band technology Programs at the Inmarsat US Government Business Unit. is expected to grow in popularity during the reporting period, “Highly mobile, bandwidth-hungry government and with heavy investments from Panasonic Avionics, Global Eagle and Gogo, Ka-band is forecast as the biggest disruptive force. “ViaSat is focused on ensuring existing Ku-band clients migrate to its Ka-band technology and the recent launch of ViaSat-2, and in future, ViaSat-3, will dramatically increase the coverage and capacity on offer,” said Foster. “For Inmarsat, take up of Jet ConneX has already confounded expectations and the firm, which has a goal of connecting some 3,000 jets by 2020, has already been forced to upwardly revise its own forecasts.”

Inmarsat achieves ‘Around the World’ test flight with Global Xpress Global Xpress has been delivering seamless high-speed broadband connectivity all across the globe since December 2015. The constellation of three Ka-band I-5 satellites, which comprise a combination of fixed narrow spot beams and steerable beams, was augmented with a fourth I-5 satellite in May 2017 to deliver additional capacity in busy areas. The Global Xpress service was designed to deliver seamless, always-on and reliable connectivity for mobility users in the aviation, maritime, enterprise and government sectors, with high enough speed and throughput to meet any content-rich demand. In August 2017, Inmarsat successfully completed its Thuraya Aero Thuraya

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commercial users can now travel the world and enjoy tail and the luggage or other pressurized areas. connectivity that allows them to conduct business as if they • Added redundancy: The size allows room for ViaSat’s Ka were in the office … even while 40,000 feet in the air.” and Ku-band antennas to be installed together in the tail, Inmarsat offers Global Xpress as an end-to-end managed providing a strong back-up communications network subscription service that enables access to an always-on, across more than 90 percent of the world’s most popular worldwide network with 24/7 management, monitoring and flight paths. support. With no infrastructure charges or research and development investment on their part, customers travel from “If there’s one trend that’s constant, it’s that business jet one location to another, and simply ‘plug in’ to Global Xpress passengers and crew members want to use more Internet- to get what they need, where they need it, and when they based applications across more devices simultaneous when need it. Of course, considering the amount of investment that inflight,” said Ken Peterman, President of Government has gone into Global Xpress from Inmarsat, and the high- Systems at ViaSat. “We are ensuring a future-proofed system quality service and guaranteed capabilities, the solution is for business aviation that will tap into current and future ViaSat unlikely to be seen on the low-cost airlines, marking Global Ka-band satellites to enable a best-in-class inflight Xpress as a distinctly premium connectivity offering. connectivity service. Before transitioning customers to our more advanced Ka-band service, we are putting new Ku- ViaSat updates business jet solutions band service plans in place that double inflight connectivity Global broadband services and technology company ViaSat has been active in the mobility sector for some time now, offering connectivity services on land, in the air, and at sea. It’s kept a solid presence in each of its markets by continually upgrading its services and solutions as technology advances, while providing tailored services for very specific users. In May 2017, ViaSat announced an updated inflight connectivity service plan for large cabin business jet users, as well as an advanced migration plan for business jet customers that want to upgrade their current system to the more advanced Ka-band broadband service based on ViaSat’s latest generation ViaSat-2 technology. All ViaSat data plans are a fixed monthly fee, allowing customers to have greater cost savings and predictability over traditional ‘per megabyte’ plans. ViaSat’s current Ku-band service plan with 2Mbps download speeds supports full Internet streaming, web browsing, email, etc; the newly-announced plan will double download speeds to 4Mbps. This will enable even more devices simultaneous access to the ViaSat network, and deliver a better quality of service for streaming in high definition. ViaSat also made strong progress on the development of its next-generation Ka-band inflight connectivity equipment for the large cabin business jet market. The company has successfully demonstrated its Global Aero Terminal 5510 shipset with Ka-band antenna and modem. The new terminal has operated over-the-air across ViaSat’s Ka-band satellite system, which means the shipset will tap into the highest capacity satellite network in the world, according to ViaSat, giving business aviation customers access to the fastest industry speeds. Expected to be certified in the second half of 2017, ViaSat’s equipment will enable the industry’s best data plans with peak rates of 16Mbps on all plans and access to both Ka- and Ku-band data included in one monthly service fee. In addition, the new Ka-band shipset has the same compact footprint as ViaSat’s current terminal, which is significantly smaller than the competition, and delivers the following advantages over competing systems:

• Enhanced cost savings: Due to the smaller size of the ViaSat system, the overall installed system weight can be significantly lower, offering fuel savings. • Better cabin space management: The shipset does not require space in the luggage compartment, as the system was designed to be installed in the non-pressurized areas of the aircraft. Competing systems occupy room in the ViaSat-1. Photo courtesy SSL ViaSat-1.

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Global Xpress coverage map Global Xpress coverage speeds and give even greater support for more reliable An extensive range of airtime packages will be offered, streaming onboard. Then, when our equipment is available alongside 24/7 hotlines for customer support. The airborne at the end of this year, we plan to easily enable large cabin system will include all necessary hardware and software, with business jet passengers to join the millions of people using expert local service partners for each market,” said Manfred our high-speed, high-quality service.” Scheiring, Chief Executive Officer at smp aviation. Designed to operate at IP broadband speeds of up to Thuraya launches niche aviation solution 444kbps in single channel configuration and up to 700kbps Satellite communications provider Thuraya Telecommunic- with a dual channel system, Thuraya Aero also comes with a ations Company provides a variety of satellite services and built-in video transmission capability that offers real-time products to the terrestrial and maritime mobility, enterprise, video streaming using on board HD camera systems. This government, military and energy sectors, making its move makes it well suited for ISR & SAR aircrafts and other air into the aviation sector with a niche solution a logical next platforms. step. In addition, unlike many other satellite systems operating In April 2017, Thuraya announced the launch of Thuraya over Ka or Ku-band for aeronautical applications, Thuraya’s Aero, which was developed in collaboration with the Aero L-band satellite technology is, according to the company, the Group, a consortium of global technology and service best choice for airborne platforms flying at medium or low innovators consisting of Cobham, SCOTTY Group, SRT levels because transmission is unaffected by weather Wireless and led by smp aviation. The inflight connectivity conditions. solution was designed for Internet access, voice calls, text For business aviation, Thuraya Aero provides affordable messaging and high-speed data applications for small to VIP and Executive in-flight connectivity. During flight, medium sized fixed wing and rotary wing aircraft. executives can talk on their own smartphone, send and Unlike the other solutions described in this article, Thuraya receive text messages, access email and Internet with any Aero was designed with government and military applications mobile device and hold video conferences. in mind, as well as for business users. Applications that require real-time data, such as intelligence, surveillance and Future connectivity solutions reconnaissance (ISR), search and rescue (SAR), Given the present-day demand for premium inflight telemedicine, border surveillance, military operations and connectivity services and the expected doubling of installed office-in-the-sky, allow Thuraya to target a variety of niche systems in the next ten years, it seems certain that we’ll be markets. seeing more and more satellite service providers launching “Through our partnership with Thuraya, we are able to premium-level solutions to widen their market share. A variety provide airborne satellite communication on a robust and of L, Ku and Ka-band systems are expected in the years to flexible network to deliver considerable operational cost come, and there are also certain rumblings about the potential savings and affordable as well as calculable airtime costs. for even higher frequency bands coming into play. 

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aviation.pmd 34 21/11/2017, 11:39 Untitled-2 1 25/09/2017, 12:11 ....Fighting Illegal Fishing

Photo courtesy of ImageSat International Kingfisher maritime system fights organized, high-seas, crime

Satellite imaging has long been used as a major tool to fight illegal fishing wherever it may take place. Finding unregulated fishing vessels, however, is akin to finding a needle in a haystack. Here, Ori Zeisel, Business Development and Product Manager at ImageSat International outlines how the company’s Kingfisher system can make a significant difference in enforcing fishing laws the world over.

Coastal countries face a group of wily opponents: Illegal combining and analyzing a variety of information sources to and unregulated fishing vessels, their owners and the black expose the wily deceptions of IUU criminals. Utilizing space market. In 2009, experts measured the volume and extent of based data sources such as Satellite Automatic Identification illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUU) fishing System (S-AIS), Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite finding that global economic losses equalled up to US$23 imagery, Electro-Optics satellite (EO) imagery combined with billion annually. This $23 billion represents lost tax revenues, other sources such as Vessel Monitoring Systems (VMS), lost economic opportunities, lost jobs and above all, an Coastal Radar and Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) and expanding, slippery dangerous black market exploiting human even weather patterns, the system goes further than others and natural resource. in detecting abnormal vessel behaviour: The tell-tale patterns To fight this organized crime, ISI developed Kingfisher: A of criminals. Indeed, one of the system’s major advantages multi-sensor, multi-layer maritime intelligence system is its unparalleled capability to capture satellite images of

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suspect activities and the high-end analysis of these images. With its predictive behaviour AI algorithm based on multi Kingfisher brings together this vast reservoir of knowledge agent based simulation and learning the vessel’s behaviour with an added AI (Artificial Intelligence) twist: A behaviour pattern, Kingfisher forecast the vessel’s next moves differently pattern recognition and prediction, multi-agent based from that of the country’s Coast Guard enforcement team’s simulation integrated with deep learning techniques. existing system. Based on Kingfisher’s different Kingfisher’s AI enables users to improve satellite usage for recommendation, the Coast Guard alerted its units to pursue rapid tasking leading to lower cost of operation with greater the ship sailing away from its territorial waters. effectiveness detecting and tracking of non-cooperative The room was tense as the Coast Guard management vessels. followed Kingfisher’s recommendation, rather than that of its The seep learning algorithms automatically identify current system. Within a short time, however, Coast Guard vessels in existing satellite imagery, and by correlating this units reported engagement with the unlawful fishing vessel with other sensors, detects non-cooperative vessels whose at precisely the point calculated by the AI algorithm. As a AIS is turned off. Thus, this system is ready to face and result, the ship, its captain, and crew were brought to shore overcome trawlers and ships using fake identification, or for legal and financial punishment and its fish haul indeed with non-operating identification systems that indicate confiscated. abnormal maritime behaviour. Summary Case Study Satellite detection of moving objects in marine environments ISI working with the Coast Guard of one South American has often been considered ‘finding a needle in a haystack.’ country proved the worth – technological, economical and Kingfisher changes all of this – giving enforcement authorities law enforcement – of the Kingfisher System. Translating the upper hand. Kingfisher’s multi-sensor, multi-layered oceans of data into highly detailed information, Kingfisher’s system integrates data, delivering analysis from the initial advanced algorithms fused numerous sensory signals from stages of strategic surveillance up to the profiling of individual satellite based sensors to other maritime monitoring sensors vessels. This leads to effective use of satellite resources and to deliver vessel-specific insights and alerts. therefore provides a more economically-viable solution. AI Together the teams used diversified data sources and algorithms, behavioural pattern recognition and dynamic deep advanced computing technology, including citing abnormal learning skills all make Kingfisher an emerging and important activities, to outsmart evasive AIS techniques (including fake platform to: AIS updates). One case monitored a fishing vessel that approached the country’s Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) • Counter IUU Fishing; and turned off its AIS system. The vessel sailed on the outside • Protect EEZ and borders from unauthorized movements; edge of the EEZ for a time, turned into the EEZ for a few • Fight Terrorism and Piracy; hours, and then sailed out of the country’s national waters. • Counter Human Trafficking & Illegal Immigration; Still with its AIS system off, the ship sailed away from the • Counteract Drug Smuggling; and EEZ believing its unlawful action could not be discovered. • Environmental Protection Activities that Reduce Reaction Kingfisher’s operators, however, had other thoughts. Times. 

Photo courtesy of ImageSat International

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isi.pmd 37 21/11/2017, 11:58 ....Small Satellites

Sky and Space Global launch 3 Diamonds nanosatellites Moving from effective comms solutions to niche applications

Small satellites have really caused a stir in the last few years, with access to space made more affordable than ever before. New companies, countries and scientific institutions are now able to launch their own space programmes, enabled by scientific advances that were previously unimaginable. Today, those programmes are coming to fruition.

The satellite sector has seen a revitalisation in recent for launch in the next ten years, including several mega- years as high throughput satellites (HTS) and small satellites constellations, with commercial constellations accounting for have shaken the industry to its core. Technological more than 70 percent of this total. Demand for NGSO-HTS, breakthroughs and scientific discoveries have opened up the today anchored by O3b, is expected to grow at more than 40 world of communications, and many applications that were percent annually during the forecast period. previously impossible or prohibitively expensive have become “The total market value of these smallsats could reach very real possibilities. US$30.1 billion in the next ten years, up from US$8.9 billion Small satellites have played a key role in changing the over the previous decade,” said Maxime Puteaux, Senior face of the satellite sector. They can be designed, Consultant at Euroconsult and Editor of the report. “The manufactured and launched faster than traditional satellites, smallsat market has quickly expanded over the last five years and at a much lower cost. Manufacturers have truly embraced and will experience a sustained expansion in the future. the small satellite trend, creating new technologies to ensure Constellations’ demand is more cyclical with strong variations each generation of small satellite exceeds the last in terms driven by deployment in batches whereas demand for single of functionality. satellite missions is more stable. Improvements in Euroconsult’s July 2017 ‘Prospects for the Small Satellite performance also change the shape of the satellite; Market’ reports that more than 6,200 small satellites are due miniaturization is a continuous process which gives

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Vector achieves first suborbital flight of prototype Vector-R launcher As detailed in Euroconsult’s ‘Prospects for the Small Satellite Market’ report, the small satellite launch sector is becoming increasingly competitive as new launch ventures are developed by start-up companies and established players alike. While the market is still maturing, those entities looking to gain a foothold in the market must meet the sweet spot between delivering a tailored service, in convenient, efficient timelines, and at a reasonable cost. Considering the relative youth of the market, this will be no easy feat. Vector, a company that connects space start-ups and innovators with affordable and reliable launch services founded by the original SpaceX founding team, achieved in August 2017 the first successful suborbital flight of its B0.002 test vehicle, a full-scale prototype of the company’s Vector-R launch vehicle. The launch represents the first customer-funded launch operation for the new space commercial launch industry, as well as the first launch out of the Spaceport Camden in Georgia, which was originally used by NASA in the 1960’s for ground-based static fire testing of large solid rocket motors. The flight test is notably significant for Vector because the company is manifesting customer-sponsored experiments and payloads, a major achievement among the next generation of small launch vehicle developers. Test packages from Astro Digital and the Centre for Applied Space Technology highlight Vector’s mission to deliver increased access for organisations looking to launch microsatellites more affordably and at a higher frequency than ever before. “Since our inception, Vector has been committed to making space open for business,” said Jim Cantrell, CEO and Co-Founder of Vector. “Our historic launch today is a testament to the hard work of the Vector team, as well as support from NASA and Spaceport Camden. Together, we’re on the fast-track to get to an orbital capability in 2018 and look forward to continuing momentum and unprecedented growth through the course of this year.” A primary objective of the August test was the demonstration and evaluation of a next-generation 3D additively manufactured engine injector developed through a collaborative research programme with NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. The injector was ground tested in July 2017 and an earlier version was used in Vector’s initial B0.001 launch vehicle in May 2017. The August launch represents another milestone for Vector, as the first time the spark igniter technology developed with the University of Alabama and NASA Marshall Space Flight Center was attempted to start the booster main engine. “This is a significant accomplishment for Vector and for NASA’s initiatives to advance enabling technologies for suborbital and orbital small launch vehicles,” said Ron Young, NASA Flight Opportunities Program Manager. “NASA’s role in helping the industry to develop commercial small satellite launch capabilities through the STMD Announcement of Collaborative Opportunities (ACO) awards, enables companies such as Vector to offer this capability to the commercial market place sooner.” This most recent test of the Vector-R launch vehicle comes on the heels of a US$21 million Series A funding round led by Sequoia Capital, with participation from Shasta Ventures and Lightspeed Venture Partners. With this most recent round of funding, Vector will accelerate the company’s flight test series, develop its first GalacticSky software-defined satellites, open its Silicon Valley Headquarters and break ground on a new rocket factory in Pima, Arizona.

customers the choice between lighter satellites with the same 2017-2026 is split between in-house company and academia capabilities or heavier, more powerful satellites. In the heaviest manufacturing satellites of less than 50kg, and the dedicated mass category, smallsats are now able to perform missions integrating companies producing satellites larger than 50kg. that in the past were only achievable by satellites heavier Small satellite launch services are expected to grow by 76 than 500kg.” percent over the previous decade to generate US$14.5 billion While in previous years, small satellites largely remained over the next ten years, although the report indicates growing in the confines of scientific institutions, going forwards, Earth competition in a market which is not yet mature. observation and communications applications are expected to overtake academic research. More than 1,100 Earth Sky and Space Global launch 3 Diamonds nanosatellites observation satellites are expected to be launched through Sky and Space Global is one of the key up and comers in the to 2026, with Planet, DigitalGlobe, Spire and BlackSky small satellite sector, with plans to deploy a constellation of planning to launch more than 970 between them. Satellite up to 200 nanosatellites to create a narrowband low-cost broadband is forecast to exhibit the strongest growth in terms voice and data network. Services will be sold to of unit numbers, with almost 3,100 satellites due for launch telecommunications providers in equatorial Asia, South until 2026, including the OneWeb, SpaceX and Telesat America, Central America and Africa, as well as shipping constellations. and airline companies operating in those regions. The The total US$16.5 billion manufacturing market value in nanosatellites will cost between US$400-500 million and

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weigh between 1kg and 10kg. Sky and Space Global plans Group in Latin America. The 3 Diamonds launch is expected to deploy its full constellation by 2020, with the first launches to have a big impact on the company commercially, generating set to start in 2018. profit and helping to secure new commercial agreements. “Our communication network will be constructed from “This marks the start of an exciting new era for SAS and between 150 and 200 satellites in different orbital planes that for satellite technology and we now expect to be revenue will cover earth from Latitude 15 North to Latitude 15 South, generating within a few months. We look forward to continuing providing 24/7 availability of service,” said Sky and Space to work towards delivering a full constellation of up to 200 Global CEO, Meir Moalem. “Our services will include voice nanosatellites in orbit in order to achieve full coverage of the conversation, instant messaging (texting), and also data equatorial belt by 2020,” said Sky and Space Global’s CEO, transfer through our ‘store and forward’ service. Our network Meir Moalem. will include unique ‘in-space’ automatic network management, September 2017 saw Sky and Space Global become the which is part of Sky and Space Global’s unique disruptive first company to successfully use narrowband connectivity technology and IP. We also plan to provide private, secured provided by nanosatellites, its 3 Diamond satellites, to deliver communication services to premium customers, based on a voice call. Along with enabling a voice call, the 3 Diamonds our ‘store and forward’ capability.” nano-satellites have also demonstrated their capability to In June 2017, Sky and Space Global successfully facilitate the exchange of text messages, voice recordings launched its 3 Diamonds nanosatellites on board the Polar and images between different users. As part of this process, Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) from the ISRO’s launch site Sky and Space has successfully tested the ‘store and forward’ at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in India. Following in- capability of its technology, which includes sending a orbit tests, the pilot constellation will go live and be in a message to the satellite, keeping it in satellite memory and position to commence revenue generation. downloading it to a receiver. The company has also The 3 Diamonds launch is key to delivering this vision demonstrated that its services can provide in-door and is the first step of launching a full constellation of 200 connectivity, by enabling users to install a RF section on a nanosatellites in the equatorial orbit by 2020. Sky and Space roof top or another outdoor area and connecting it to an indoor Global has already pre-sold its nanosatellite communications Wifi hot-spot to add multiple users to the network. bandwidth, having secured commercial contracts through its Sky and Space Global has already entered into an first wholesale operator, Sat-Space Africa and Globalsat agreement with Virgin Galactic to purchase four dedicated

An artist's concept shows Kestrel Eye Block I Block Eye An artist's Kestrel concept shows

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launch missions on its LauncherOne vehicle for the launch custom on-site training for a mission demonstrating Audacy’s of up to 200 nanosatellites. The LauncherOne vehicle has customer satellite terminal, which includes K-band antennas been under development since the end of the last decade, and a software-defined radio (SDR). The initial phase of the and is currently in the advanced testing stage. The rocket will principal Audacy mission will consist of three medium Earth carry satellites up to 200kg in weight, and will be launched orbit (MEO) relay satellites due to launch in 2019 combined from air on a Boeing 747-400 plane known as Cosmic Girl, with ground stations in California, Singapore, and Europe. which was purchased outright by Virgin Group. These satellites will simultaneously support numerous customer satellites with a range of missions and applications Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd and In-Space Missions in multiple sectors from agriculture to disaster management. announce Faraday missions Timely data could help formulate preventative measures With more and more people wanting to get a step on the around the word aiding those most in need. space ladder, it’s only logical that some companies are “Audacy is capitalising on a gap in the space market which starting to offer all-in-one services, from payloads to in-orbit will benefit organisations the world over. This is an exciting delivery. That’s exactly what Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd project and one which is helping to innovate the space (SSTL) and In-Space Missions Limited announced in August industry,” commented Craig Clark MBE, Clyde Space’s CEO. 2017; the Faraday missions will provide an opportunity for an ultra-low-cost ride to low Earth orbit (LEO) starting at US Army deploys Kestrel Eye satellite for reconnaissance US$12,000. imaging “The cost of accessing space on a robust and flight-proven It’s not just commercial companies and academic institutions platform has traditionally been out of reach for many small taking advantage of small satellite developments; even the payload providers, so I am delighted that SSTL and In-Space US Army is getting on board. August 2017 saw the successful are working together on Faraday’s ultra-low-cost ride launch of a Kestrel Eye reconnaissance microsatellite on opportunity to LEO orbit,” said Anita Bernie, Director of board a SpaceX cargo resupply mission to the International Platforms at SSTL. Space Station (ISS). The US Army Space and Missile Defense The in-orbit demonstration Faraday missions will use Command (SMDC)/Army Forces Strategic Command Faraday satellite platforms designed and manufactured by (ARSTRAT) Kestrel Eye was then deployed from the ISS SSTL, while In-Space will manage the payload interface, following a scheduled Japanese airlock experiment on 24 providing customers with expert support for design, test and October 2017. service exploitation. The platforms will be sized from 12U to A 50kg electro-optical imagery satellite, the Kestrel Eye 150kg, and have been designed to support a range of payload was designed to relay electro-optical reconnaissance imagery interfaces, including a simple USB interface, offering with tactically-useful resolutions directly to soldiers on the customers a streamlined test and integration campaign. The ground instead of making its way through stations in the inaugural mission will provide a six to twelve-month continental US. qualification and demonstration phase for on-board payloads, The Kestrel Eye satellite will serve as a technology followed by a five-year early service exploitation phase for at demonstrator, from which a decision whether to go ahead least one payload. with the programme will be made. If so, the US Army could “Small payloads will fly at a world-beating price, with some deploy many more, each with a service life of one year and, entering an extended revenue generating service phase. The once full production is met, can be placed into orbit for US$2 Faraday missions offer new satellite application and service million each. developers a credible and compelling opportunity to kick-start “Kestrel Eye is a technology demonstrator, but it holds their plans to get into space,” said Doug Liddle, CEO of In- the promise of providing tactical imagery to the Soldier on Space Missions Limited. the ground, and to do it responsively, persistently and reliably,” said John R. London III, SMDC Space and Strategic Systems Clyde Space and Audacy to launch constellation of small Directorate Chief Engineer. “This is a game changing relay satellites capability for the Army because for the first time, commanders Small satellites have so much more to offer than in the field will be able to control the entire imagery process straightforward communications networks, Earth observation from end-to-end, from the tasking of the satellite all the way solutions, and academic research, but it takes the right person through to the dissemination of the data to the Soldiers who to come up with a unique application that will meet real user need it.” demands. Now that Kestrel Eye is deployed a safe distance from Small satellite manufacturer Clyde Space and space the ISS, the satellite will power up automatically and be ready communications service provider Audacy have done just that to receive signals from the ground station, then transition with their latest partnership announcement. Together, they into the first of four major phases. The first phase is a technical plan to develop a constellation of relay satellites to provide checkout to verify satellite functionality and make any non-stop, real-time communications coverage for commercial necessary adjustments. The second phase is a technical customers in the space industry, with services similar to demonstration of the satellite to demonstrate full capability. NASA’s Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). The third phase is the operational demonstration Audacy aims to establish a network of data relay satellites conducted by the Kestrel Eye Joint Capability Technology to provide uninterrupted space connectivity, allowing Demonstration Combatant Command partner, US Pacific customers to continuously access and monitor their assets Command. In the operational demonstration, a limited military in space. This enables satellite operators to obtain greater utility assessment will be conducted by the independent quantities of data, eliminate outages between data downlinks, assessor, Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command. The and significantly reduce operators’ costs. fourth is residual operations where Kestrel Eye will participate Clyde Space is providing the spacecraft bus solution and in a series of US Army exercises. 

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