General Introduction
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Apocynaceae: Apocynoideae), a New Genus from Oaxaca, Mexico
NUMBER 5 WILLIAMS: THOREAUEA, NEW GENUS OF APOCYNACEAE 47 THOREAUEA (APOCYNACEAE: APOCYNOIDEAE), A NEW GENUS FROM OAXACA, MEXICO Justin K. Williams Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas 77341-2116 Abstract: Recent studies of Mexican Apocynaceae have uncovered a new species. The taxon is here viewed as generically distinct and accordingly the name Thoreauea paneroi J. K. Williams, gen. et sp. nov. is proposed. The species is from montane pine-oak cloud forests of the Santiago Juxtlahuaca area of northwestern Oaxaca, Mexico. Its relationship to Thenardia H.B.K. and other genera is discussed. Keywords: Echites, Forsteronia, Laubertia, Parsonsia, Prestonia, Thoreauea, Thenar dia, Apocynaceae. Recently, a specimen of Apocynaceae rotatis) et corona corollae praesenti (vice carenti) et from Oaxaca, Mexico was provided to me antheris inclusis (vice exsertis) differt. by one of the collectors, Jose L. Panero, for identification. After close examination, I VINE, twining, latex milky. STEMS te determined that the specimen does not key rete, 3-3.5 mm in diameter, light green, gla out to any of the genera recognized in a key brous, lenticellate with age; interpetiolar to the Mexican genera of Apocynaceae (J. ridge moderately prominent. LEAVES op K. Williams, 1996). This specimen keys out posite to subopposite, petiolate, membra most favorably to Thenardia H.B.K., how nous; petioles 20-23 mm, with a solitary ever, it possesses novel characters not found bract and 2-4 colleters at base; colleters in Thenardia (e.g., dissected corona at the 0.8-1.0 mm long, linear lanceolate, dark corolla mouth). A cladistic analysis (Fig. -
Survey of Roadside Alien Plants in Hawai`I Volcanoes National Park and Adjacent Residential Areas 2001–2005
Technical Report HCSU-032 SURVEY OF ROADSIDE ALIEN PLANts IN HAWAI`I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK AND ADJACENT RESIDENTIAL AREAS 2001–2005 Linda W. Pratt1 Keali`i F. Bio2 James D. Jacobi1 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Kilauea Field Station, P.O. Box 44, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718 2 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo, P.O. Box 44, Hawai‘i National Park, HI 96718 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawai‘i at Hilo 200 W. Kawili St. Hilo, HI 96720 (808) 933-0706 September 2012 This product was prepared under Cooperative Agreement CA03WRAG0036 for the Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey. Technical Report HCSU-032 SURVEY OF ROADSIDE ALIEN PLANTS IN HAWAI`I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK AND ADJACENT RESIDENTIAL AREAS 2001–2005 1 2 1 LINDA W. PRATT , KEALI`I F. BIO , AND JAMES D. JACOBI 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Kīlauea Field Station, P.O. Box 44, Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, HI 96718 2 Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawai`i at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720 Hawai`i Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawai`i at Hilo 200 W. Kawili St. Hilo, HI 96720 (808) 933-0706 September 2012 This article has been peer reviewed and approved for publication consistent with USGS Fundamental Science Practices ( http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1367/ ). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. -
ORNAMENTAL GARDEN PLANTS of the GUIANAS: an Historical Perspective of Selected Garden Plants from Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana
f ORNAMENTAL GARDEN PLANTS OF THE GUIANAS: An Historical Perspective of Selected Garden Plants from Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana Vf•-L - - •• -> 3H. .. h’ - — - ' - - V ' " " - 1« 7-. .. -JZ = IS^ X : TST~ .isf *“**2-rt * * , ' . / * 1 f f r m f l r l. Robert A. DeFilipps D e p a r t m e n t o f B o t a n y Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. \ 1 9 9 2 ORNAMENTAL GARDEN PLANTS OF THE GUIANAS Table of Contents I. Map of the Guianas II. Introduction 1 III. Basic Bibliography 14 IV. Acknowledgements 17 V. Maps of Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana VI. Ornamental Garden Plants of the Guianas Gymnosperms 19 Dicotyledons 24 Monocotyledons 205 VII. Title Page, Maps and Plates Credits 319 VIII. Illustration Credits 321 IX. Common Names Index 345 X. Scientific Names Index 353 XI. Endpiece ORNAMENTAL GARDEN PLANTS OF THE GUIANAS Introduction I. Historical Setting of the Guianan Plant Heritage The Guianas are embedded high in the green shoulder of northern South America, an area once known as the "Wild Coast". They are the only non-Latin American countries in South America, and are situated just north of the Equator in a configuration with the Amazon River of Brazil to the south and the Orinoco River of Venezuela to the west. The three Guianas comprise, from west to east, the countries of Guyana (area: 83,000 square miles; capital: Georgetown), Surinam (area: 63, 037 square miles; capital: Paramaribo) and French Guiana (area: 34, 740 square miles; capital: Cayenne). Perhaps the earliest physical contact between Europeans and the present-day Guianas occurred in 1500 when the Spanish navigator Vincente Yanez Pinzon, after discovering the Amazon River, sailed northwest and entered the Oyapock River, which is now the eastern boundary of French Guiana. -
Atoll Research Bulletin No. 503 the Vascular Plants Of
ATOLL RESEARCH BULLETIN NO. 503 THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF MAJURO ATOLL, REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS BY NANCY VANDER VELDE ISSUED BY NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, D.C., U.S.A. AUGUST 2003 Uliga Figure 1. Majuro Atoll THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF MAJURO ATOLL, REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS ABSTRACT Majuro Atoll has been a center of activity for the Marshall Islands since 1944 and is now the major population center and port of entry for the country. Previous to the accompanying study, no thorough documentation has been made of the vascular plants of Majuro Atoll. There were only reports that were either part of much larger discussions on the entire Micronesian region or the Marshall Islands as a whole, and were of a very limited scope. Previous reports by Fosberg, Sachet & Oliver (1979, 1982, 1987) presented only 115 vascular plants on Majuro Atoll. In this study, 563 vascular plants have been recorded on Majuro. INTRODUCTION The accompanying report presents a complete flora of Majuro Atoll, which has never been done before. It includes a listing of all species, notation as to origin (i.e. indigenous, aboriginal introduction, recent introduction), as well as the original range of each. The major synonyms are also listed. For almost all, English common names are presented. Marshallese names are given, where these were found, and spelled according to the current spelling system, aside from limitations in diacritic markings. A brief notation of location is given for many of the species. The entire list of 563 plants is provided to give the people a means of gaining a better understanding of the nature of the plants of Majuro Atoll. -
A Set of 20 New SSR Markers Developed and Evaluated in Mandevilla Lindl
molecules Article A Set of 20 New SSR Markers Developed and Evaluated in Mandevilla Lindl. Alev Oder 1, Robert Lannes 1 and Maria Angeles Viruel 2,* 1 S.A.S. DHMINNOVATION 18, Avenue du Quercy—BP5, 82200 Malause, France; [email protected] (A.O.); [email protected] (R.L.) 2 Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), 29750 Algarrobo-Costa (Málaga), Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-952-548-990 (ext. 120) Academic Editor: Derek J. McPhee Received: 12 August 2016; Accepted: 22 September 2016; Published: 30 September 2016 Abstract: Mandevilla is an ornamental crop with a bright future worldwide because of its high commercial acceptance and added value. However, as with most ornamental species, there are few molecular tools to support cultivar breeding and innovation. In this work, we report the development and analysis of 20 new Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers in Mandevilla. Microsatellites were isolated from two enriched small-insert genomic libraries of Mandevilla × amabilis. The diversity parameters estimated after their amplification in a group of 11 commercial genotypes illustrate the effect of two opposite drifts: the high relatedness of cultivars belonging to the same commercial group and the high divergence of other cultivars, especially M. × amabilis. Based on their different band patterns, six genotypes were uniquely distinguished, and two groups of sport mutations remained undistinguishable. The amplification of the SSRs in three wild species suggested the existence of unexploited diversity available to be introgressed into the commercial pool. This is the first report of available microsatellites in Mandevilla. -
Prestonia:Calongea.Qxd 11/06/2010 09:43 Página 13
2232_Prestonia:calongea.qxd 11/06/2010 09:43 Página 13 Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid Vol. 67(1): 13-21 enero-junio 2010 ISSN: 0211-1322 doi: 10.3989/ajbm.2232 Estudios en las Apocynaceae neotropicales XL: sinopsis del género Prestonia (Apocynoideae, Echiteae) en Ecuador por J. Francisco Morales Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio), Apartado Postal 22-3100, Santo Domingo, Heredia, Costa Rica. [email protected] Resumen Abstract Morales, J.F. 2100. Estudios en las Apocynaceae neotropicales Morales, J.F. 2100. Studies in neotropical Apocynaceae XL: XL: sinopsis del género Prestonia (Apocynoideae, Echiteae) en synopsis of the genus Prestonia (Apocynoideae, Echiteae) in Ecuador. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid. 67(1): 13-21. Ecuador. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid. 67(1): 13-21 (in Spanish). Se presenta una sinopsis del género Prestonia (Apocynaceae, A synopsis of the genus Prestonia (Apocynaceae, Apocynoideae, Apocynoideae, Echiteae) en Ecuador: en total se registran 15 es- Echiteae) in Ecuador is presented and 15 species are reported. A pecies. Se incluye una clave para las especies, datos de distribu- key to species, distributional data, discussion of relationships, ción, discusión de las afinidades con las posibles especies afines and representative specimen citations for each province are pro- y se cita un espécimen representativo para cada provincia. Adi- vided. An illustration of the enigmatic P. schumanniana Wood- cionalmente, se incluye una ilustración de P. schumanniana son, known only from the type collection, is also included. Pres - Woodson, un enigmático taxón conocido sólo por el tipo. Pres- tonia purpurissata Woodson, P. phenax Woodson, P. peregrina tonia purpurissata Woodson, P. phenax Woodson, P. -
Observations on Functional Wood Histology of Vines and Lianas Sherwin Carlquist Pomona College; Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 11 | Issue 2 Article 3 1985 Observations on Functional Wood Histology of Vines and Lianas Sherwin Carlquist Pomona College; Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Carlquist, Sherwin (1985) "Observations on Functional Wood Histology of Vines and Lianas," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 11: Iss. 2, Article 3. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol11/iss2/3 ALISO 11(2), 1985, pp. 139-157 OBSERVATIONS ON FUNCTIONAL WOOD HISTOLOGY OF VINES AND LlANAS: VESSEL DIMORPHISM, TRACHEIDS, V ASICENTRIC TRACHEIDS, NARROW VESSELS, AND PARENCHYMA SHERWIN CARLQUIST Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden and Department of Biology, Pomona College Claremont, California 91711 ABSTRACT Types of xylem histology in vines, rather than types of cambial activity and xylem conformation, form the focus of this survey. Scandent plants are high in conductive capability, but therefore have highly vulnerable hydrosystems; this survey attempts to see what kinds of adaptations exist for safety and in which taxa. A review of scandent dicotyledons reveals that a high proportion possesses vasi centric tracheids (22 families) or true tracheids (24 families); the majority of scandent families falls in these categories. Other features for which listings are given include vascular tracheids, fibriform vessel elements, helical sculpture in vessels, starch-rich parenchyma adjacent to vessels, and other parenchyma distributions. The high vulnerability of wide vessels is held to be countered by various mechanisms. True tracheids and vasicentric tracheids potentially safeguard the hydrosystem by serving when large vessels are embolized. -
Lianas and Climbing Plants of the Neotropics: Apocynaceae
GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS APOCYNACEAE By Gilberto Morillo & Sigrid Liede-Schumann1 (Mar 2021) A pantropical family of trees, shrubs, lianas, and herbs, generally found below 2,500 m elevation with a few species reaching 4,500 m. Represented in the Neotropics by about 100 genera and 1600 species of which 80 genera and about 1350 species are twining vines, lianas or facultative climbing subshrubs; found in diverse habitats, such as rain, moist, gallery, montane, premontane and seasonally dry forests, savannas, scrubs, Páramos and Punas. Diagnostics: Twiners with simple, opposite or verticillate leaves. Climbing sterile Apocynaceae are distinguished Mandevilla hirsuta (Rich.) K. Schum., photo by from climbers in other families by the P. Acevedo presence of copious milky latex; colleters in the nodes and/or the adaxial base of leaf blades and/or petioles, sometimes 1 Subfamilies Apocynoideae and Ravolfioideae by G. Morillo; Asclepiadoideae and Periplocoideae by G. Morillo and S. Liede-Schumann. with minute, caducous stipules (in species of Odontadenia and Temnadenia); stems mostly cylindrical, often lenticellate or suberized, simple or less often with successive cambia and a prominent pericycle defined by a ring of white fibers usually organized into bundles. Trichomes, when present, are glandular and unbranched, most genera of Gonolobinae (subfam. Asclepiadoideae) have a mixture of glandular, capitate and eglandular trichomes. General Characters 1. STEMS. Stems woody or less often herbaceous, 0.2 to 15 cm in diameter and up to 40 m in length; cylindrical (fig. 1a, d˗f) or nearly so, nodes sometimes flattened in young branches; nearly always with intraxylematic phloem either as a continuous ring or as separate bundles in the periphery of the medulla (Metcalfe & Chalk, 1957); vascular system with regular anatomy, (fig. -
A General Description of Apocynaceae Iridoids Chromatography
Chapter 6 A General Description of Apocynaceae Iridoids Chromatography Ana Cláudia F. Amaral, Aline de S. Ramos, José Luiz P. Ferreira, Arith R. dos Santos, Deborah Q. Falcão, Bianca O. da Silva, Debora T. Ohana and Jefferson Rocha de A. Silva Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55784 1. Introduction 1.1. Iridoids Iridoids are considered atypical monoterpenoid compounds, based on a methylcyclopentan- [C]-pyran skeleton, often fused to a six-membered oxygen ring consisting of ten, nine or in rare cases, eight carbon atoms (Figure 1a) [1, 2]. More than 2500 iridoid compounds have been described in nature, with structural differences related mainly to the degree and type of substitution in the cyclopentane ring skeleton [3]. Iridoids can be found in nature as secoiri‐ doids (Figure 1b), a large group characterized by cleavage of the 7,8-bond on the cyclopentane ring, glycosides, mainly 1-O-glucosides, and nor-iridoids, originating from oxidative decar‐ boxylation on C10 or C11 (Figure 1) [3, 4]. 11 7 6 4 5 3 7 8 O 8 9 O 1 10 OR OR Figure 1. Basic skeleton a) iridoid; b) seco-iridoid (R=H or glucose) © 2013 Amaral et al.; licensee InTech. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. α 150 Column Chromatography Iridoids are derived from isoprene units¸ which are considered the universal building blocks of all terpenoids, formed through intermediates of the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway in the citosol, and the novel 2-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway in the plastids of plant cells [2, 5, 6]. -
Flora Ornamental Española, VI. Araliaceae
Flora Ornamental Flora Ornamental Española Española Tomo I Magnoliaceae • Casuarinaceae Tomo II Cactaceae • Cucurbitaceae Tomo III Salicaceae • Chrysobalanaceae Tomo IV Papilionaceae • Proteaceae Tomo V Flora Ornamental Española Santalaceae • Polygalaceae Tomo VI VI Araliaceae • Boraginaceae Tomo VII Verbenaceae • Rubiaceae Tomo VIII Caprifoliaceae • Asteraceae Tomo IX Limnocharitaceae • Pandanaceae Tomo X Lemnaceae • Orchidaceae Tomo XI Selaginellaceae • Ephedraceae Araliaceae • Boraginaceae Tomo XII VI Clave de familias adenda e índices generales Araliaceae • Boraginaceae ASOCIACIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE PARQUES Y Mundi-Prensa Libros, s.a. JARDINES PÚBLICOS flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 2 flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 3 FLORA ORNAMENTAL ESPAÑOLA Las plantas cultivadas en la España peninsular e insular Tomo VI Araliaceae • Boraginaceae Coordinador José Manuel Sánchez de Lorenzo Cáceres Coedición Junta de Andalucía Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Ediciones Mundi-Prensa Madrid - Barcelona - México Asociación Española de Parques y Jardines Públicos flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 4 JUNTA DE ANDALUCÍA Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Viceconsejería Servicio de Publicaciones y Divulgación C/ Tabladilla, s/n. 41071 SEVILLA Tlf.: 955 032 081 - Fax: 955 032 528 GRUPO MUNDI-PRENSA Mundi-Prensa Libros, S.A. Castelló, 37 - 28001 MADRID Tlf.: +34 914 363 700 - Fax: +34 915 753 998 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.mundiprensa.com Mundi-Prensa Barcelona Editorial Aedos, S.A. Aptdo. de Correos 33388 - 08009 BARCELONA Tlf.: +34 629 262 328 - Fax: +34 933 116 881 E-mail: [email protected] Mundi-Prensa México, S.A. de C.V. Río Pánuco, 141 - Col. Cuauhtémoc 06500 MÉXICO, D.F. Tlf.: 00 525 55 533 56 58 - Fax: 00 525 55 514 67 99 E-mail: [email protected] ASOCIACIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE PARQUES Y JARDINES PÚBLICOS C/ Madrid s/n, esquina c/ Río Humera 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, MADRID Tlf.: 917 990 394 - Fax: 917 990 362 www.aepjp.es © Textos y fotografías de los autores. -
Apocynaceae, Apocynoideae)
Systematics of the tribe Echiteae and the genus Prestonia (Apocynaceae, Apocynoideae) Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer. nat Eingereicht an der Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften J. Francisco Morales Bayreuth Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde von Oktober 2013 bis Januar 2016 in Bayreuth am Lehrstuhl Pflanzensystematik unter Betreuung von Prof. Dr. Sigrid Liede-Schumann und Dr. Mary Endress (Institute of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Switzerland) angefertigt. Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften der Universität Bayreuth genehmigten Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.). Dissertation eingereicht am: 31.01.2017 Zulassung durch die Promotionskommission: 15.02.2017 Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium: 27.04.2017 Amtierender Dekan: Prof. Dr. Stefan Schuster Prüfungsausschuss: Prof. Dr. Sigrid Liede-Schumann (Erstgutachterin) Prof. Dr. Carl Beierkuhnlein (Zweitgutachter) Prof. Dr. Bettina Engelbrecht (Vorsitz) PD. Dr. Ulrich Meve This dissertation is submitted as a “Cumulative Thesis” that includes four publications: one published, two accepted, and one in preparation for publication. List of Publications 1. Morales, J.F. & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. The genus Prestonia (Apocynaceae) in Colombia. Phytotaxa 265: 204–224. 2. Morales, J.F., M. Endress & S. Liede-Schumann. Sex, drugs and pupusas: Disentangling relationships in Echiteae (Apocynaceae). Accepted, Taxon. 3. Morales, J.F., M. Endress & S. Liede-Schumann. A phylogenetic study of the genus Prestonia (Apocynaceae). Accepted, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 4. Morales, J.F. & M. Endress. A monograph of the genus Prestonia (Apocynaceae, Echiteae). To be submitted to Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden or Phytotaxa. 4. Declaration of contribution to publications The thesis contains three research articles for which most parts were carried out by myself, under the supervision of Dr. -
Kentucky Native Plant Society, the Lady-Slipper, Spring 2005
The Lady-Slipper Kentucky Native Plant Society Number 20:1 Spring 2005 A Message from the President: Wildflower of the Year Hello everyone. Another winter has passed and I 2005 trust that everyone survived. Spring is here and for Lela and I, the last couple of weekends have been beautiful and full of those early spring landscaping and gardening chores. Around our house, I have designated this year as the year of the wasp. We have a bumper crop of wasps buzzing around, looking for places to build homes. As I am somewhat allergic, much of my time has been spent urging them to move on. Our Spring Meeting and Natural Bridge State Resort Park’s 25th annual wildflower weekend is coming up and it looks to be great one as usual. If you’ve never made it to one of our annual Spring meetings, I’d encourage you to do so. Everyone has a great time, multiple wildflower walks to choose from and informative presentations on Friday and Saturday nights. Showy Goldenrod Our Native Plant Certification program at Northern Kentucky University is doing great. We have a Solidago speciosa var. speciosa number of people taking every course, targeting see page 7 for more information the certification program and we have also had our share of people just interested in one or two courses. Plant Communities of Kentucky went well had people from Bowling Green, Winchester, and and Plant Taxonomy will also be a success. While even Murfreesboro, Tennessee. our biggest draw is certainly from around the greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky area, we’ve In closing, I wish everyone a joyous Spring.