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Flora Ornamental Española, VI. Araliaceae

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Flora Ornamental Española, VI. Araliaceae Flora Ornamental Flora Ornamental Española Española Tomo I Magnoliaceae • Casuarinaceae Tomo II Cactaceae • Cucurbitaceae Tomo III Salicaceae • Chrysobalanaceae Tomo IV Papilionaceae • Proteaceae Tomo V Flora Ornamental Española Santalaceae • Polygalaceae Tomo VI VI Araliaceae • Boraginaceae Tomo VII Verbenaceae • Rubiaceae Tomo VIII Caprifoliaceae • Asteraceae Tomo IX Limnocharitaceae • Pandanaceae Tomo X Lemnaceae • Orchidaceae Tomo XI Selaginellaceae • Ephedraceae Araliaceae • Boraginaceae Tomo XII VI Clave de familias adenda e índices generales Araliaceae • Boraginaceae ASOCIACIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE PARQUES Y Mundi-Prensa Libros, s.a. JARDINES PÚBLICOS flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 2 flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 3 FLORA ORNAMENTAL ESPAÑOLA Las plantas cultivadas en la España peninsular e insular Tomo VI Araliaceae • Boraginaceae Coordinador José Manuel Sánchez de Lorenzo Cáceres Coedición Junta de Andalucía Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Ediciones Mundi-Prensa Madrid - Barcelona - México Asociación Española de Parques y Jardines Públicos flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 4 JUNTA DE ANDALUCÍA Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca Viceconsejería Servicio de Publicaciones y Divulgación C/ Tabladilla, s/n. 41071 SEVILLA Tlf.: 955 032 081 - Fax: 955 032 528 GRUPO MUNDI-PRENSA Mundi-Prensa Libros, S.A. Castelló, 37 - 28001 MADRID Tlf.: +34 914 363 700 - Fax: +34 915 753 998 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.mundiprensa.com Mundi-Prensa Barcelona Editorial Aedos, S.A. Aptdo. de Correos 33388 - 08009 BARCELONA Tlf.: +34 629 262 328 - Fax: +34 933 116 881 E-mail: [email protected] Mundi-Prensa México, S.A. de C.V. Río Pánuco, 141 - Col. Cuauhtémoc 06500 MÉXICO, D.F. Tlf.: 00 525 55 533 56 58 - Fax: 00 525 55 514 67 99 E-mail: [email protected] ASOCIACIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE PARQUES Y JARDINES PÚBLICOS C/ Madrid s/n, esquina c/ Río Humera 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, MADRID Tlf.: 917 990 394 - Fax: 917 990 362 www.aepjp.es © Textos y fotografías de los autores. © 2010, JUNTA DE ANDALUCÍA. Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca © 2009, EDICIONES MUNDI-PRENSA. © 2010, ASOCIACIÓN ESPAÑOLA DE PARQUES Y JARDINES PÚBLICOS. Depósito Legal I.S.B.N.: 84-8474-000-5 - Junta de Andalucía (Obra Completa) I.S.B.N.: 978-84-8474-280-7 - Junta de Andalucía (Tomo VI) I.S.B.N.: 84-7114-948-6 - Mundi-Prensa (Obra Completa) I.S.B.N.: 978-84-8476-397-0 - Mundi-Prensa (Tomo VI) Maquetación: Lumen Gráfica S.L. Impresión: No se permite la reproducción total o parcial de este libro ni el almacenamiento en un sistema informático, ni la transmisión de cualquier forma o cualquier medio, electrónico, mecánico, fotocopia, registro u otros medios sin el permiso previo y por escrito de los titulares del Copyright. flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 5 ÍNDICE Autores y familias redactadas . .7 Introducción . .9 Clasificación de las familias del Tomo VI . .11 Araliaceae . .13 Apiaceae . .44 Loganiaceae . .93 Buddlejaceae . .97 Gentianaceae . .111 Apocynaceae . .132 Asclepiadaceae . .173 Oleaceae . .236 Nolanaceae . .305 Solanaceae . .307 Convolvulaceae . .380 Menyanthaceae . .400 Polemoniaceae . .402 Hydrophyllaceae . .416 Boraginaceae . .420 flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 6 flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 7 AUTORES Y FAMILIAS REDACTADAS Antonio López Lillo Consejería de Medio Ambiente. Comunidad de Madrid. Gentianaceae (Blackstonia, Ixanthus, Lisianthius, Orphium, Chironia, Gentiana, Exacum, Eustoma, Centaurium, Swertia, Gentianella) Apocynaceae (Acokanthera, Adenium, Allamanda, Alyxia, Amsonia, Beaumontia, Carissa, Catharanthus, Cerbera. Fernaldia, Mandevilla, Nerium, Ochrosia, Pachypodium, Plumeria, Rauvolfia, Tabernaemontana, Thevetia, Trachelospermum, Vinca) Oleaceae (Fraxinus, Abeliophyllum, Fontanesia, Forsythia, Syringa, Schrebera, Forestiera, Jasminum, Picconia, Chionanthus, Ligustrum, Olea, Phillyrea, Osmanthus) Mª del Mar Trigo Pérez Departamento Biología Vegetal. Universidad de Málaga. Loganiaceae (Desfontainia, Gelsemium, Strichnos) Buddlejaceae (Nuxia, Buddleja, Gomphostigma) Nolanaceae (Nolana) Menyanthaceae (Menyanthes, Nymphoides) Polemoniaceae (Cobaea, Cantua, Collomia, Phlox, Linanthus, Polemonium, Gilia) Hydrophyllaceae (Wigandia, Nemophila, Phacelia) Boraginaceae (Alkanna, Amsinckia, Anchusa, Arnebia, Borago, Bourreria, Brunnera, Buglossoides, Carmona, Ceballosia. Cerinthe, Cordia, Cynoglossum, Echium, Ehretia, Heliotropium, Lithodora, Lithospermum, Lobostemon, Mertensia, Moltkia, Myosotidium, Myosotis, Neatostema, Nonea, Omphalodes, Onosma, Pentaglottis, Pulmonaria, Symphytum, Tournefortia, Trachystemon) Solanaceae (Cyphomandra, Lycopersicon, Lycianthes, Solanum, Schizanthus, Salpiglossis, Streptosolen, Browallia, Brunfelsia, Physalis, Nicandra, Mandragora, Acnistus, Capsicum, Withania, Salpichroa, Atropa, Lycium, Nierembergia, Fabiana, Hyoscyamus, Datura, Calibrachoa, Petunia, Solandra, Brugmansia, Iochroma, Vestia, Juanulloa, Nicotiana, Iochroma, Cestrum) Apiaceae (Bupleurum, Eryngium, Pimpinella, Angelica, Athamanta, Oenanthe, Opopanax, Peucedanum, Sanicula, Seseli, Sium, Thapsia, Tinguarra, Todaroa, Torilis) José Manuel Sánchez de Lorenzo-Cáceres Servicio de Parques y Jardines. Ayuntamiento de Murcia. Araliaceae (Hedera, x Fatshedera, Delarbrea, Polyscias, Meryta, Oreopanax, Fatsia, Tetrapanax, Cussonia, Schefflera, Trevesia, Acanthopanax, Aralia, Kalopanax, Oplopanax, Pseudopanax, Seemannaralia, Eleutherococcus) Apiaceae (Ammi, Anethum, Anthriscus, Apium, Astrantia, Carum, Chaerophyllum, Conium, Coriandrum, Crithmum, Cuminum, Daucus, Ferula, Foeniculum, Heteromorpha, Hydrocotyle, Levisticum, Melanoselinum, Myrrhis, Pastinaca, Petroselinum, Smyrnium, Trachymene) Convolvulaceae (Dichondra, Evolvulus, Calystegia, Ipomoea, Convolvulus, Merremia) Asclepiadaceae (Periploca, Cryptostegia, Ceropegia, Brachystelma, Huernia, Sarcostemma, Echidnopsis, Caralluma, Piaranthus, Orbea, Stapelia, Duvalia, Pseudolithos, Tavaresia, Hoodia, Vincetoxicum, Asclepias, Oxypetalum, Gomphocarpus, Calotropis, Araujia, Stephanotis, Dischidia, Hoya, Cionura, Cynanchum) flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 8 flora 6_fam_1_2.qxp 27/4/10 08:56 Página 9 INTRODUCCIÓN Una vez más, y como ha sido habitual en otras obras de similar envergadura y características, ha sido imposible cumplir el plazo acordado de 12-18 meses entre la publicación de cada tomo. Son los contratiempos, los imprevistos y las obligaciones laborales de los autores los culpables de que ello haya ocurrido. Sin duda alguna y a modo de ejemplo, podemos incluir entre los imprevistos el abandono del grupo de trabajo “Flora Ornamental Española” por motivos perso- nales de nuestro apreciado amigo Xavier Argimon de Vilardaga, quien nos había acompañado como coautor desde el ini- cio de la obra. Su respetable decisión nos supuso un duro revés del que tuvimos que recuperarnos, asumiendo el traba- jo que, de otra manera, él habría confeccionado con el esmero y profesionalidad que siempre le han caracterizado. En este sexto volumen se tratan solamente 15 familias, siendo en ese sentido el menos extenso de todos los volú- menes publicados hasta la fecha, que pertenecen al Orden Umbellales, finalizando así la subclase Rosidae, y a los Órde- nes Gentianales y Polemoniales, ambos dentro de la subclase Asteridae, iniciada en este tomo VI y que finalizará en el tomo VIII. Son pocas familias pero bastante extensas, habiéndose descrito 216 géneros repartidos de la siguiente mane- ra: Apocynaceae (21), Asclepiadaceae (26), Oleaceae (14), Solanaceae (31), Apiaceae (38), Boraginaceae (32), Araliaceae (18), Convolvulaceae (6), Polemoniaceae (7), Hydrophyllaceae (3), Buddlejaceae (3), Nolanaceae (1), Loganiaceae (3), Menyanthaceae (2) y Gentianaceae (11). Como en los volúmenes precedentes, hemos seguido el método de clasificación adoptado por V.H.Heywood (1978) Flowering Plants of the World, aunque sabemos que actualmente se considera lo que aquí hemos considerado familia Asclepiadaceae como subfamilias Asclepiadoideae y Periplocoideae dentro de la familia Apocynaceae, pero hemos querido seguir el criterio clásico y las hemos mantenido por separado. Tal como venimos advirtiendo en los volúmenes precedentes, una de las características de este trabajo, y en parte lo que lo diferencia de otros precedentes referidos a plantas ornamentales, es la inclusión de numerosas claves de iden- tificación de géneros y de especies. Pero en la elaboración de las mismas se ha procurado utilizar en lo posible carac- teres fácilmente observables, lo que tiene sus ventajas pero también sus inconvenientes, ya que en ocasiones algunos de estos caracteres son bastante variables por las propias condiciones del cultivo, lo que puede disminuir el rigor en la utilización de la propia clave. Igualmente hemos de hacer la observación de que siempre que hablamos de medidas, éstas son orientativas y así deben tomarse, pues las diversas condiciones del propio cultivo hacen que las dimensiones varíen bastante, lo que puede hacerse extensivo a la coloración de una hoja o a los portes y formas adquiridos por las plantas, muy a menudo modificados por la propia mano del hombre mediante las podas. Queremos dejar claro que la el grupo de trabajo Flora Ornamental Española no desea sentar cátedra ni entrar en polémicas taxonómicas y de nomenclatura, ya que el trabajo realizado sólo pretende ser una herramienta lo más seria, práctica y eficaz para todos los profesionales que trabajen con el mundo vegetal ornamental. Por último, deseamos mencionar aquí nuestro agradecimiento a algunas personas que nos
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