WATER RESOURCES INTEGRATION DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE Annual Report FY20, Quarter 1 – Quarter 4: 01 October 2019 – 30 September 2020

Submission Date: September 30, 2020 Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00068) Task Order No. AID-621-TO-16-00003 Activity Start Date and End Date: January 4, 2016 to May 31, 2021 COR: Francis Mtitu

Submitted by: Bigambo Nandiga, Chief of Party Tetra Tech ARD INC PO Box 768, Morogoro, Morogoro Tel: +255 762 475 444 Email: [email protected]

This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development/Tanzania (USAID/Tanzania). WARIDI Annual Report FY20 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACRONYMS ...... 4

ACTIVITY OVERVIEW/SUMMARY ...... 6 1.1 Executive Summary ...... 7 1.2 Summary of Results to Date ...... 14

ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS ...... 25 2.1 Intermediate Result 1: Increased Utilization of Sustainable Multiple-Use Water and Sanitation Services (MUS) ...... 25 Task 1.1: Access to Sustainable MUS in Rural LGAs ...... 25 Task 1.2 Access to Increased Water Service Levels in Select Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities (WSSAs) ...... 35 Task 1.3 Enhancing Sustainability of Water Supply Interventions...... 39 Task 1.4 Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion ...... 40 2.2 Intermediate Result 2: Strengthened Governance for Sustainable and Resilient Management of Water Resources and Services under a Changing Climate ...... 46 Task 2.1: Strengthen Management Capacity of National Water Board, BWBs and WUAs ...... 46 Task 2.2: Improve Data and Information Management for Decision Making ...... 51 Task 2.3 Climate Change Studies and Analysis to Support Implementation of WARIDI Interventions ...... 57 Task 2.4 Access to Sustainable MUS through COWSO Strengthening ...... 61 2.3 Intermediate Result 3: Increased Livelihoods through Private Sector Investment Opportunities for Sustainable Water Services and Water Resource Management ...... 67 Task 3.1 Strategic Partnerships ...... 67 Task 3.2 WASH Microenterprise Capacity Building Program ...... 71 Task 3.3 Increase Alternative Livelihood Opportunities ...... 84 2.4 Cross-Cutting and Integration Activities ...... 94 Task 4.1 Gender Integration and Youth Inclusion ...... 94 Task 4.2 Communications ...... 101

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND INNOVATION ...... 109

MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES ...... 111

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND COMPLIANCE ...... 115

GRANTS MANAGEMENT ...... 117

MONITORING, EVALUATION AND LEARNING ...... 123 Capacity Building to Grantees, Technical Staff and Partners ...... 123 Data Systems Strengthening and Management ...... 123 Routine Data Quality Assurance ...... 124 Learning Activities ...... 126 MEL Considerations and Lessons Learned for Future Quarters ...... 127

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SPECIAL EVENTS FOR NEXT QUARTER...... 127

FINANCIAL SUMMARY ...... 128

ANNEXES ...... 129 Annex 1: Construction Completion Reports ...... 129 Annex 2: Status of Community Cash Contributions as of September 2020 ...... 129 Annex 3: WARIDI Sanitation Learning Assessment ...... 129 Annex 4: Scope of Work and Current Status of SWASH ...... 129 Annex 5: ODF Verification Summary Results for 25 Villages ...... 129 Annex 6: Ndengisivili OMS Plan ...... 129 Annex 7: Training Report for NWB on Climate Change and GIYI ...... 129 Annex 8: Rufiji Report on Abstraction Survey to Improve Water Users Inventory129 Annex 9: Wami-Ruvu Report on Abstraction Survey ...... 129 Annex 10: CBWSOs Certificates ...... 129 Annex 11: TFCG Grant Completion Report ...... 129 Annex 12: Summary of Outreach and Communications Results in FY20 ...... 129 Annex 13: Q4 Water Quality Reports ...... 129 Annex 14: WARIDI EMMR for Q4 FY20 ...... 129 Annex 15: Summary of Grants Awarded up to September 2020 ...... 129 Annex 16: COWSO Capacity Building Pilot Verification Report ...... 129

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ACRONYMS

BCC Behavioral Change Communications BDS Business Development Services BWB Basin Water Board CBFM Community Based Forest Management Plans CCRO Certificates of Customary Rights of Occupancy CCVA Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment CLTS Community Led Total Sanitation COWSO Community-Owned Water Supply Organization DC District Council DFID Department for International Development FFS Farmer Field School FY Fiscal Year GIYI Gender Integration and Youth Inclusion HH Household IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management IR Intermediate Result LGA Local Government Authority MC Municipal Council ME Microenterprise MELP Monitoring Evaluation and Learning Plan MOEVT Ministry of Education and Vocational Training MOHCDGEC Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children MOW Ministry of Water MUS Multiple-Use Services NEMC National Environment Management Council NSC National Sanitation Campaign ODF Open Defecation-Free OMS Operation, Maintenance and Sustainability (plans) PbR Payment by Results PES Payment for Environmental Services PO-RALG President’s Office, Regional Administration and Local Governments Q Quarter RAS Regional Administrative Secretary RFA Request for Applications RFP Request for Proposals SBCC Social Behavior Change Campaign SME Small and Medium Size Enterprise SLTS School Led Total Sanitation STTA Short-Term Technical Assistance TC Town Council TFCG Tanzania Forest Conservation Group TMA Tanzania Meteorological Authority TOT Training of Trainers USAID United States Agency for International Development VEOS Village Executive Officers VLUP Village Land Use Plan VSLA Village Savings and Loan Association WARIDI Water Resources Integration Development Initiative WASH Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene WEO Ward Executive Officer WPs Water Points

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WSSA Water Supply and Sanitation Authority WUA Water Users Association

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ACTIVITY OVERVIEW/SUMMARY

Activity Name: Water Resources Integration Development Initiative (WARIDI) Activity Start Date: January 4, 2016 Activity End Date: Original End Date: January 3, 2021 Modified End Date: May 31st, 2021 Name of Prime Tetra Tech ARD INC Implementing Partner: [Contract/Agreement] Contract No. AID-OAA-I-14-00068) Task Order No. AID-621-TO-16- Number: 00003 Winrock International, Resonance (SSG Advisors), Water for Life, Iris Name of Subcontractors: Group Ministry of Water and Irrigation, Ministry of Health, Wami/Ruvu and Major Counterpart Rufiji Basin Water Boards, District Local Government Authorities within Organizations the two Basins Geographic Coverage Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji River Basins Reporting Period: October 1, 2019 – September 30, 2020; Q1-Q4, FY20 Cover Photos: Pupils at Saba Saba Primary School, Kilombero district (left), installation of “citizen science” monitoring equipment at Ruaha National Park (right).

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1.1 Executive Summary

The United States Agency for International Development Tanzania (USAID) Water Resources Integration Development Initiative (WARIDI) promotes integrated water resources management and service delivery across multiple sectors, with the goal of improved water resources management and service access. Specifically, in selected districts of the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu river basins, the project:

Component 1 – Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Services: Increases access to sustainable multiple-use water, sanitation and hygiene services; Component 2 – Governance: Strengthens governance for sustainable and resilient management of water resources and services under a changing climate; Component 3 – Private Sector: Increases livelihoods through supporting private sector opportunities in sustainable WASH services, agriculture and natural resource management. WARIDI works through national and local government authorities, the two Basin Boards, communities, private entities and civil society to improve equitably le delivery of water-related services and to enhance integrated watershed management approaches from basin to household level. WASH and livelihood services focus on demand-driven requests from Local Government Authorities (LGAs) receiving project support, while emphasizing private-sector partnerships for efficiency and sustainability, through the lenses of climate change adaptation, gender integration and youth inclusion.

Highlights from WARIDI’s achievements in FY20, include:

Component 1 • WARIDI provided access to drinking water for approximately 194,411 people (100,791 female and 93,620 male) through the construction and rehabilitation of peri-urban and rural water schemes. In total, 25 water schemes were completed including 18 rural water supply schemes and seven urban schemes under IRUWASA (and KIUWASA). • The Activity supported RUWASA to form 15 CBWSOs to support management of WARIDI rehabilitated schemes in Kilosa, Ulanga, Mvomero, Morogoro, and Gairo. Schemes that had previously WARIDI-trained COWSOs in Kilolo, Iringa, Kilombero and Kilosa were provided further technical support on operations and maintenance and tariff setting until RUWASA is able to transform them into CBWSOs. A blog on WARIDI’s work was published on USAID’s globalwaters.org website called “Improvements to Water Supply in Tanzania Through Enabling Local Management.” • WARIDI awarded two in-kind grants to support water supply access, one to RUWASA Njombe and another to RUWASA Wanging’ombe. The grants are supporting five villages to rehabilitate their water supply schemes, which will increase access to basic drinking water for approximately 9,033 people. • WARIDI finalized and closed its ODF grants program during the reporting period. Through 14 grants WARIDI supported 1,260 villages to implement the National Sanitation Campaign across 14 District Councils. 742 villages were externally verified for ODF in accordance with the national guidelines, 646 of which were recommended as “universal ODF” or higher. Verification was done at district level with the DHOs leading the exercise and the RHOs participating. In total, 155,770 people The remaining eight LGAs (Bagamoyo, Kilolo, Wanging’ombe, Kilosa, Gairo, Movemero Mbarali and Malinyi DCs) moved down the table by between 2-46 positions although their improved sanitation coverage increased. On average, participating WARIDI District Councils improved by 19% from December 2017 to September 2020, compared to non-WARIDI participating Districts, which improved 16% in the same period.

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• WARIDI supported 25 villages to improve their institutional sanitation facilities in public primary and secondary schools in order to qualify for official ODF certification from the Government of Tanzania. This work supported 14,010 pupils (7,116 girls and 6,894 boys) to gain access to improved sanitation at school. All 25 schools have developed Operations, Maintenance and Sustainability (OMS) plans to manage their facilities. • WARIDI supported all 25 SWASH villages to go through re-verification and the Districts to prepare recommendation letters to the Ministry for ODF Level II Certification. All five LGAs have submitted reports to the Regional Health Offices to request Ministry Level verification for certification. • WARIDI secured 26 water user permits for its schemes constructed in FY20 and has worked effectively with TANROAD/TARURA for road crossing permits as required and has worked with village governments to obtain land use agreements with individuals for civil structures built on privately owned land. • WARIDI’s work has contributed to leveraging of external sources of funding for expansion of water services. The Kilombero District RUWASA Manager expressed appreciation for WARIDI’s contributions towards the District ranking of 3rd out of 130 LGAs overall in the Payment by Results (PbR) program. The RUWASA Manager said this improvement was made possible through WARIDI’s support constructing three schemes (Ikela, Kiberege and Mwaya). RUWASA Kilombero is expecting to receive approximately TZS 800,000,000 ($345,000) in PbR funds for this achievement.

Component 2 • WARIDI facilitated the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu BWBs to conduct abstraction surveys to identify unregistered water users. There were 183 users in the Rufij basin and 211 users in the Wami/Ruvu basin visited. WARIDI worked with a local youth-led organization to pilot the Wami/Ruvu abstraction using mWater while the Rufiji survey team used traditional GPS units to plot the coordinates of water users. The mWater application substantially simplified data entry through a real-time link with the Basin Office database while the team was working in the field. Over TZS 110 million could be collected in the Rufiji and Wami Ruvu basins annually if identified water users adhere to the annual fee payment. This approach holds promise for expansion to other BWBs.

• Ten WUA constitutions were reviewed and revised by the WUAs in collaboration with local government authorities in the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu basins. The improved WUA constitutions will strengthen management and governance of water resources and ensure adherence to the WRM Act, 2009.

• WARIDI trained eight Board Members and four secretariats from the MoW on climate change impacts and gender inclusivity in water resources management over the course of a multi-day training. Participants are expected to advise the Ministry of Water on how to build resilience and better integrate women into water resources management and decision making.

• 10 WUAs from the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu BWB were trained on governance and management. Over 200 WUA leaders from Miyombo, Kisangata, Wami, Ngerengere Juu and Ngerengere Chini, Mambi, Mamrema, Lyandembera, Mtitu, and Lukosi Chini were trained on 15 capacity development areas included in the WARIDI-developed WUA Capacity Development Plans (CDP).

• WARIDI supported the National Water Board (NWB) Meeting and two-days of training for 11 board members on the Water Resources Management Act and broader issues in management of water resources at the request of the NWB.

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• WARIDI facilitated a stakeholder forum to review the final draft of the IWRMD Plan for the Wami/Ruvu basin. This forum was designed to create awareness and strengthen understanding of the IWRMD Plan among stakeholders across all sectors and to finalize the draft IWRMD Plan before it was submitted to the Ministry of Water for approval.

• Through the partnership with RCMRD, a joint workshop supported by both WARIDI and RCMRD was conducted for both BWBs on quality control of rainfall datasets using World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standards complemented by other procedures that are publicly available from published literature.

• 1,960 Certificates of Customary Rights of Occupancy (CCROs) in the villages of Magana (Kilolo District) Msufini (Mvomero District) and Nguyami (Gairo District) were issued to community members. The Land use Plans for these districts were completed and were submitted to the NLUPC for gazettement. A success story was prepared and published on the USAID Tanzania website “Land Use Planning Helps Protect Natural Resources and Prevent Land Conflicts in Communities.”

• WARIDI supported surface monitoring at multiple hydrological stations in the Wami/Ruvu basin. The data for four stations were included in the November 2020 version of the Hydrological Yearbook (HYB) of 2010-2019 based on the criteria developed by the Ministry of Water (MoW). This is the first Hydrological Yearbook since 1980. A Hydrological Yearbook is a book which gives overview of the hydrological situation in the country. It provides daily average water flows of all monitoring stations along gauged rivers and provides information on water quality status in specified years of the book. The current yearbook covers the years 2010-2019. • WARIDI completed the enhancement of the Rufiji basin environmental flow analysis during the reporting period. This update included using improved data to interpolate between high and low flow ecological requirements, analysis of maintenance year and drought year, and to improve the BWBs understanding of pulse flows. The process identified missing high flow water level observations and field streamflow measurements. This EFA work will inform water permitting for irrigation, hydropower dams, and support biodiversity conservation and sustainable development in the Kilombero watershed. The online publication Water & Wastes Digest published a story on this work called “Going Beyond the Data: Effective Water Data Management.”

• WARIDI supported the Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji BWBs to upgrade data monitoring and information systems, develop and implement QA/QC procedures for checking and validating hydrological data, develop guidance on operations and maintenance of hydroclimate stations, develop evaporation calculations using basin hydroclimate data, develop operations and maintenance guidance for hydro-climatological stations and provide support through WhatsApp Citizen Science Groups, develop and deliver scripts to enable custom AQUARIUS- derived reports, and procure equipment/tools and services for proper data backup and sustainability. • WARIDI’s citizen science initiative with the BWBs has deployed 34 low-cost automatic weather stations with identified government and private sector partners. These 34 automatic weather stations have supported the Basin Water Boards and Ministry of water to improve their climatological monitoring network. School teachers are using the “citizen science” hydroclimate monitoring stations as educational resources and to raise awareness among children on climate in their geography classes and school environmental clubs. USAID/Tanzania published a success story on “Using Citizen-Science in Hydroclimate Monitoring for Sustainable Water Resources Management.”

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• WARIDI’s work on mapping vulnerability work with Tanzanian partners and RCMRD was published in a journal article “Mapping Climate Vulnerability of the River Basin Communities in Tanzania to Inform Resilience Interventions.”

Component 3 • In FY20 WARIDI supported WASH partners to strengthening their product supply chain in 20 LGAs with a total of 82 long-term sales contracts between WASH companies and microenterprises or wholesalers (Kasole: 43, Anuflo: 26, and Lixil: 13) to enable distribution of SATO pans, Glory Pads and Hedhi Cup products. WARIDI also developed and published a case study on its private sector partnership with eWaterPay “Pre-paid Meters Promise Increased Water Access for Rural Tanzanians.”

• 1,186 LIXIL improved latrine pan products were sold in WARIDI LGAs through both WARIDI and LIXIL activities, bringing the total sales to 4,932 units since the beginning of the partnership. Based on SATO sales, an estimated 24,660 people have gained access to improved sanitation. Also, a total of 15,912 glory pads and 835 Hedhi Cups have been sold in WARIDI LGAs to date.

• WARIDI designed and implemented a microenterprise remote BDS support program which supported 51 MEs (M 26 / F 25). Services provided to microenterprises included business planning (34), WASH products marketing and sales promotion (7), and record keeping and financial reporting (10). Business plan development support resulted in 17 completed business plans and one microenterprise applying for a loan from a financial institution.

• WARIDI delivered livelihoods training on horticulture (home garden/sack garden, fruit tree nurseries) beekeeping, indigenous chicken, rabbit husbandry and drought tolerant crops in six LGAs (Gairo, Kilosa, Mvomero, Kilombero, Kilolo and Mufindi). Training was held in three rounds and a total of 2,212 farmers participated with women and youth making up 74% of participants.

• WARIDI supported 160 farmers (M 83 / F 77) to visit the Nane Nane agricultural exhibition in Morogoro and Mbeya, the purpose of the visit was to expose the framers to the availability and functions of research and extension services in improving agricultural productivity and the role of agricultural regulatory authorities (e.g. Tanzania Fertilizer Regulatory Authorities, Tanzania Official Seed Certification Institute, etc.). Farmers also learned about seed multiplication technologies, agro-product value addition technologies and farmer-to-farmer approaches for extension services delivery. The farmers were from 43 villages located in 32 WARIDI-supported water schemes.

Cross-cutting Themes • WARIDI GIYI and Livelihoods Teams in collaboration with Sustainable Agriculture Tanzania (SAT) delivered youth life skills training to 35 (M 20 / F 15) youth. They were trained on WASH business opportunities, youth entrepreneurship in agriculture, market research, business planning, leadership, and cross-cutting issues including gender in WASH and agriculture. The youth came from seven WARIDI LGAs with WARIDI-supported water schemes in Gairo, Mvomero, Kilombero, Kilosa, Kilolo, Iringa and Mufindi DCs and were selected based on demonstrated success in adoption and dissemination of livelihood technologies and management practices among their peers. • WARIDI conducted an assessment in Iringa and Morogoro on the impacts of WARIDI’s GIYI approaches to inform overall WARIDI Activity learning. The assessment sought to understand the impacts of WARIDI’s GIYI activities on women and youth participation in

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decision-making related to integrated water resources management (IWRM), sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) outcomes for women and youth. Preliminary results indicate improvements in women’s participation in decision making at the community level.

• WARIDI held the second Biannual Progress Meeting on Gender and Youth Inclusion for Iringa and Morogoro Zones LGAs. 57 Participants comprised of three Community Development Officers per district (1 DCDO, 1 gender officer, 1 youth officer) participated. All the Districts have made observable progress on GIYI activities as compared to last year particularly in monitoring and evaluation of gender disaggregated data. • WARIDI Gender and Youth Specialist participated in the Water and Health Conference at the University of North Carolina (UNC) in the USA and share WARIDI’s GIYI results through a poster presentation and panel discussion. • GIZ Tanzania requested the UPWARD training manuals developed and used by WARIDI to increase meaningful participation of women in water related decision making. GIZ expects to replicate the approach in Arusha and Kilimanjaro. This is important progress towards scaling the pilot initiative through other organizations. • WARIDI’s Outreach and Communications Plan was implemented throughout FY20 which led to significate public awareness on WARIDI activities. Key achievements included more than 20 distinct social media posts, nine articles published by reputable news outlets and six distinct blogs, success stories, and case studies posted on USAID and partner websites to showcase work completed and commemorate various events of international significance. • The WARIDI Newsletter was shared to the readers through mailing list and it was also uploaded to the IPP Media website. 207,924 users of IPP Media saw the Q4 newsletter and the average time they spent reading the newsletter was 02:52 minutes. Additionally, 71,980 people on Twitter saw WARIDI’s article in the Guardian newspaper which discusses how WARIDI is supporting the private sector to deliver WASH products and services. • Four WARIDI abstracts on private sector work in WASH, chlorination in water systems, media engagement in water resources management, and livelihoods in water resources management were submitted and accepted for presentation at the University of North Carolina (UNC) International Conference on Water and Health to be held in October 2020. • Six WARIDI video documentaries on water resources management, water supply, sanitation and livelihoods were finalized and shared by Tanzanian media organizations, USAID Tanzania, USAID East Africa, and USAID Washington outlets such as through Globalwaters.org. Project Management • For the activity’s eighteen performance indicator targets, three have now been met and fourteen have been exceeded, subject to final verification planned in Q1 and Q2 FY21. One important indicator 1.1 is expected to be achieved by the end of the activity. Achieving targets early has allowed activity resources to be diverted from those areas to areas more in need such as IR1 and will ultimately result in a savings to the USG. The WARIDI Team will be producing a draft plan in Q1FY21 for submission to USAID that will detail the estimated savings and proposed uses of these savings. • The first cases of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were reported in Tanzania in Q2. The suspension of public gatherings, suspension of all international travel, including support from outside the country, and limitations on all but essential travel inside the country had an adverse impact on several technical activities in Q3 and Q4. Tetra Tech developed a contingency plan that incorporated actions to be taken to maintain implementation and operations as feasible while ensuring the safety of staff, partners and the public and complying with the Government Tanzania and USAID’s requirements.

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• During the reporting period, WARIDI met with over 20 local government officials including District Executive Directors, RUWASA Regional Managers, District Commissioners, Regional Commissioners, the Ministry of Water Director of Water Resources, and others who expressed strong appreciation USAID’s development assistance and the Activity’s results achieved. • During the reporting period, the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) suspended Value Added Tax (VAT) Exemptions historically granted to WARIDI. The suspension was eventually lifted after three months and WARIDI has continued to receive tax relief upon request. This suspension adversely affected local procurement and construction activities scheduled between Q1-Q4. • Towards the end of the reporting period, WARIDI submitted to USAID and TRA the first batch of VAT reimbursement requests, involving mostly subcontractor payments for the first 16 water supply schemes and a few other procurements by Tetra Tech for which VAT was incurred during the TRA suspension of VAT relief. By the end of the reporting period, no approval had been provided and WARIDI was still following up though USAID on the status of the applications which had already been submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA). WARIDI was also preparing for submission of the second, but smaller batch of applications. • Several staffing changes occurred in FY20 including departures, hires and promotion and the staggered retrenchment process due operational draw-down that began in Q3 and will continue throughout FY21. The retrenchment process has gone smoothly with regular consultation with staff and in compliance with Government of Tanzania labor law and Tetra Tech policies. • WARIDI submitted all progress reports on or before schedule during the FY20 reporting period. • In the last quarter of FY20, the MEL Team created multiple dashboards for different indicators using Google sheet pivot tables and syntax and created validation rules in the indicator datasets to restrict unrequired entries in order to improve the quality of data reported to USAID and for internal decision making. • WARIDI carried out a Data Quality Assessment for three indicators including EG.3.2-17, EG.11-2, and GNDR-2-NEW at the request of USAID. The results were presented to USAID and accepted. A few identified weaknesses are expected to all be addressed by end of November 2020. • The MEL Team conducted verification of new construction and rehabilitated water schemes under indicator HL.8.1-1 in Q4 to assess if the reported beneficiaries meet the required criteria as per the Performance Indicator Reference Sheet (PIRS). The verification scope of work was approved by USAID in Q3. The M&E team found that most beneficiaries which have been reported qualify to be counted by meeting the PIRS criteria. Remaining new construction and rehabilitated water schemes will be verified in Q1 and Q2 of FY21 after construction is completed. • WARIDI and USAID conducted a COWSO pilot verification exercise of 6 COWSOs (4 COWSOs from Morogoro DC and 2 COWSOs from Gairo DC) to verify the number of beneficiaries reported under HL.8.1-1 at each water point and confirm any variance in what was reported by WARIDI grantees. USAID approved the verification methodology in Q3 and WARIDI conducted further COWSO data verification in Mufindi and Njombe in Q4. Some variance between what was reported by grantees was found, primarily due do to COWSOs not having strong records management. The verification report will be finalized in Q1 FY21 and submitted to USAID for approval.

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• The MEL Team conducted a comprehensive review of the M&E dataset for HL.8.1-1 COWSO/grantee work and reconciled all reported data with physical copies submitted by grantees to ensure accuracy. It was found that some data available in the database did not match physical forms or do not have sufficient supporting documentation to be counted. All grantee-reported data that does not have sufficient supporting documentation has been rejected and a revised population to be counted will be reported to USAID in Q1 FY21. • The MEL Team conducted a Life of Activity validation and reconciliation of all reported data for seven standard indicators and two custom indicators. In Q1 FY21 WARIDI will submit a request to the COR to revise the reported numbers in the IPRS system. • WARIDI continued to monitor construction for compliance with the EMMP at all sites where construction took place. New site safety measures including warning signage and messages on proper use of PPE were posted at all construction sites. • WARIDI awarded two in-kind grants to RUWASA Njombe and Wanging’ombe for provision of minor rehabilitation of five selected water schemes. In total WARIDI has awarded $5,189,262 to 19 NGOs, two Basin water Boards and two RUWASA offices with a total spent of $5,125,985.98 (equivalent to 99% of the modified grant budget) at the end of FY20. • The following grants were closed successfully in FY20:

o TFCG grant for forest conservation; o two in-kind grants for strengthening hydrometeorological observation capacity at Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji basins;

o nine grants for district wide ODF campaigns in Chalinze, Bagamoyo, Mufindi, Wanging’ombe, Malinyi, Ulanga, Gairo, Morogoro and Mbarali districts; and

o five SWASH grants in Kilosa, Kilombero, Mvomero, Kilolo and Iringa districts.

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1.2 Summary of Results to Date1

Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) IR1 Services: Increased utilization of sustainable multiple-use water and sanitation services 1.1 Number of people 300,656 32,599 72,810 42,118 46,883 194,411 (F 100,791/ M 93,620) 65% 520,000 409,594 79% gaining access to basic people gained access to basic drinking water service drinking water in FY20. This is 65% as a result of USG of the total annual target (300,656). assistance (HL.8.1-1) The project did not achieve its (Standard) (SA) annual target due to not counting Q1 FY21, delays in VAT exemptions, a procurement fraud case, and delays in construction (poor performing subcontractors despite disciplinary actions taken against them, TANESCO transformer installations, etc.). . 1.2 Number of people 164,600 155,770 - - The final ODF grant was closed in 100% 750,000 1,296,173 173% gaining access to a Q2 however there was no data basic sanitation service reported this quarter. The project as a result of USG achieved 546,1732 more people than the LOA target due to consistent

1 This Annual Report is reporting against project performance indicators included in the revised MELP approved by USAID in Q3, FY20. 2 This is as per NBS average HH size of 4.8. The indicator measures data collected district wide as an outcome of the support provided to LGAs by WARIDI for the National Sanitation Campaign. Since it is a behaviour change outcome, it is difficult to predict accurately the number of people who will adopt the promoted behaviour (improved sanitation).

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Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) assistance (HL8.2.2) involvement of District Authorities Standard in the implementation of the NSC in (SA) partnership with WARIDI, and the targets set by the National Government and Councillors to become ODF. This top-down political support has helped enable WARIDI to surpass LOA targets.

1.3 Number of 25 - - - 25 25 communities have been verified 100% 25 25 100% communities verified at district level as open defecation as open defecation free (ODF) and the DHO has free (ODF) as a result recommended the community to of USG assistance. receive a certificate for being ODF. HL.8.2-1(Standard) These communities include the (Q) following. Kilosa DC: Kitete, Mfulu, Madudu, Peapea, and Mhovu Iringa DC: Ilalasimba, Magubike, Ndiwili, Nyabula and Kiwere Kilolo DC: Ndengisivili, Lusinga, Ipalamwa, Mkalanga And Luhindo Mvomero DC: Kibaoni, Pinde, Kibigiri, Vinile and Kinda Kilombero DC: Mwaya, Nyamwezi, Msufini, Kidatu Kati and Chikago 1.4 Number of new or - - 3 - This indicator surpassed its LOA 300% 40 55 138% improved commercial target as per the PIRS definition due water or sanitation to introduction of more products in products or services LGAs than expected. The average number of products WARIDI

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Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) available in target expected to introduce in one LGA LGAs (Custom) (SA) was two (2) and this average has been exceeded. This was caused by suppliers’ interests to advertise their products at various WARIDI supported promotion events, which resulted in high introduction rates. For example, WARIDI organized products roadshows inviting two products suppliers in each LGA. However, recognizing this as an important opportunity to advertise their products, more than two partners often turned up at the roadshows. 1.5 Number of villages 145 151 - - This LOA target was surpassed due 104% 365 646 177% and population verified to greater than anticipated support for universal sanitation from local government officials coverage of any latrine whom encouraged communities to type and no OD. become ODF and self-verify in (custom) (Q) certain LGAs. 646 villages have been verified by the district health authorities as ODF to-date including 161 Universal; 473 Level II; and 12 Level I.

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Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) 1.6 Number of people 113,000 159,725 - - WARIDI has overachieved the 141% 100,000 935,001 935% with soap and water at target because it was set very low a hand washing station during the task order contract commonly used by modification. Additionally, availability family members. of water through WARIDI Custom (SA) interventions and the extensive mobilization done by the grantees on handwashing through ODF grants contributed to over achievement.

IR2 Governance: Strengthened governance for sustainable and resilient management of water resources and services under a changing climate 2.1 Number of 17 - - 8 10 106% 42 40 95% integrated policies, strategies, plans, agreements, regulations or by laws addressing IWRM officially proposed, adopted, or implemented as a result of USG assistance (F 4.4.2-28) [Sub-IR 2.3.1] (Custom) (A) 2.3 Number of 2 - - - - WARIDI did not meet the FY20 - 10 10 100% decision support tools target for this indicator because used for evidence- Training on targeted tools did not

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Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) based decision making take place due to travel restrictions in IWRM and /or resulting from the COVID-19 Climate Change pandemic. The targeted tool(s) were implemented. QGIS, which, although installed in (Custom) (SA) the two BWBs and some initial training conducted, additional on-job training by RCMRD and W4L was required but could not happen because the two partners could not travel and finalize the training.

Overall, WARIDI has already met the LOP target whereby Ten3 (10) decision support tools have already been introduced and adapted by BWBs including: The WUA Baseline Capacity Assessment Tool (2 BWBs), Aquarius Time Series Software (2), GeoCLIM (2), GeoMod (2) and Early Warning Explorer (2). 2.4 Number of 27 - - - - WARIDI did not meet the FY20 - 130 280 215% institutions, target for this indicator because committees, and several institutions targeted to be associations with assessed were not reached due improved capacity in movement and gathering restrictions land and water due to COVID-19. This included all

3 According to the PIRS, Tools are counted separately if used at different basins offices.

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Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) management with institutions that received capacity USG assistance strengthening interventions (contributes to including: 10 WUAs in Wami/Ruvu CUSTOM) (A) and Rufiji BWBs, the two (2) BWBs and several COWSOs/CBWSOs that were formed or trained.

Overall, this indicator has exceeded its LOP target 2.5 Number of 214 233 22 - - This indicator has exceeded its LOA 119% 430 471 110% community leaders due to WARIDI training multiple and resource leaders from 241 COWSOs on personnel promoting gender equity and youth gender equity and involvement in water resources women and youth management as part of the COWSO empowerment within capacity building program. In their spheres of addition, dozens of leaders and influence due to USG resource persons from 20 LGAs assistance (Custom) have also been trained on gender (Q) equity and youth empowerment during WARIDI activities such as UPWARD. Those leaders and resource persons who have subsequently gone on to promote gender equity and youth empowerment have been counted as per the PIRS. 2.7 Number of 11 - - - - WARIDI did not meet the FY20 - 40 107 268% institutions with target for this indicator because improved capacity to institutions targeted to be assessed

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Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) assess or address were not reached due movement climate change risks and gathering restrictions due to supported by USG COVID-19. These included 10 assistance (EG.11-2) WUAs in Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji (Standard) (A) BWBs that received awareness training sessions on climate change adaptation measures. The assessment required large groups of participants.

Overall, the Activity has exceeded the LOA target due to inclusion of COWSOs and LGAs receiving training on use of climate change information.

2.8 Number of people 3,470 142 2,717 698 1,461 In FY20 5,018 (M 2,551 / F 2,467) 145% 8,400 9,147 109% using climate people were reported as using information or climate information or implementing implementing risk risk reducing practices. These are reducing actions to from Gairo, Kilolo, Kilombero, improve resilience to Kilosa and Mufindi Districts. This climate change as indicator has exceeded its LOA supported by USG target by 9%. WARIDI exceeded the assistance EG.11-6. annual target for this indicator because of the increased number of early adopters, resulting from livelihoods improvement activities (IR3), despite prevalence of COVID-

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Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) 19. The WARIDI-supported farmers adopted quickly various technologies and risk reducing practices including use of climate information by planting hybrid seeds, drought resistant crops and improving poultry productions. These are practiced at individual household level, hence not affected by COVID- 19 restrictions. The improved incomes for the WARIDI supported farmers attracted a significant number of adopters. 2.9 Number of people 4,969 325 1,094 - - 1,419 people were educated on 29% 15,000 16,430 110% educated on tools, tools, approaches and methods for approaches, and /or water security, integrated water methods for water resource management in FY20. security, integrated WARIDI underachieved the FY20 water resource target due to restrictions on management, and /or gathering large groups for trainings water source during the COVID-19 pandemic. protection (HL.8.3.1) This indicator has exceeded its LOA (Standard) target by 10%. (A) 5IR3 Private Sector: Increased livelihoods through private sector investment opportunities for sustainable water services and resource management

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Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) 3.1 Percent of women 60% 62% 61% 58% 40% 61% women or youth participated in 61% 55% 66% 66% and youth participating WARIDI project activities in USG assisted supporting productive economic programs designed to resources. The LOA target of 55% increase access to has been surpassed due to strong productive economic outreach to women and youth. This resources (contributes indicator has been fully achieved. In to Standard) (Q) order for women and youth to represent at least 50% of target beneficiaries in all livelihoods interventions, WARIDI emphasized involvement of women and youth in all initial project start up awareness meetings, capacity building trainings and in all follow up technical backstopping activities implemented by WARIDI teams in collaboration with LGAs’ extension officers. 3.2 Number of WASH - - - - There is no data for FY20. - 640 768 120% and MUS service providers are assisted with technical, business capacity or access to finance (Custom) (SA) 3.3 Number of - - - - - 6 17 283% partnerships established for water provision, sanitation,

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Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) water resource management or stewardship (F PPP-5) (SA) 3.4 Number of 1,405 107 714 698 1,461 A total of 2,980 (M 1,511 / F 1,469) 212% 5,000 6,434 129% farmers and others (50% farmers, more than double the (50% (72% who have applied new female annual target, applied new female female or technologies or or technologies and management or youth) management practices youth) practices in FY20 of which 69% were youth) as a result of USG female or youth. WARIDI exceeded assistance (EG3.2-17) the annual target because of the (Standard) (A) motivation resulting from WARIDI’s encouragement to communities to grow drought tolerant and fast maturing crops (e.g. in Nyanzwa) in response to the impacts of COVID- 19. In Kibengu-Usokami farmers were motivated by the benefits arising from beekeeping and encouraged many of them to install beehives. The momentum generated from farmers who received direct training from WARIDI encouraged second adopters to emulate, thus further increasing the number. Cross- Cutting 4.1 Number of people 14,000 959 2,740 128 42 A total of 3,869 farmers attended 28% 50,000 85,529 171% who attended WARIDI supported trainings during WARIDI-supported the year, being 28% of the annual trainings, meetings, target . WARIDI failed to reach the

WARIDI Annual Report FY20 23 Indicators FY Achievements Comments Percent LOA LOA LOA Reporting Frequency 2020 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Achieved Target Achieve Percent (Q = Quarterly Annual FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 FY20 (%) ments Achieved SA = Semi-annually Target to Date (%) A = Annually) and workshops annual target because most of the (Custom) (Q) planned training was intended for the livelihoods stream, which did not take place due to COVID-19 gathering restrictions. Additionally, the premature departure of one of the Livelihoods staffs (Reguli Damas) resulted in overload to the remaining staff. However, it had already been determined that WARIDI would exceed the LOP target hence there was no need to continue with the Activity. By the end of FY20, WARIDI had exceeded the LOA target for this indicator by 71%.

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ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS

The following narrative describes progress on implementing Tasks and Sub-tasks outlined in WARIDI’s approved Year 5 (FY 2020) Work Plan during the period of 01 October 2020 – 30 September 2020 with special emphasis on achievements in Q4. Activity tables included in the Annual Workplan are provided for each Sub-task, with comments, to demonstrate progress on each activity completed during Q4 and throughout the year.

2.1 Intermediate Result 1: Increased Utilization of Sustainable Multiple-Use Water and Sanitation Services (MUS)

Task 1.1: Access to Sustainable MUS in Rural LGAs

In FY20 WARIDI provided access to drinking water for approximately 194,411 people through the construction and rehabilitation of peri-urban and rural water schemes. In total, 25 water schemes were completed including 18 rural water supply schemes and seven urban schemes under IRUWASA (and KIUWASA). Completion reports for all schemes commissioned are included as Annex 1. SUB-TASK 1.1.1 Implement Solar Pumped Schemes in Remote Villages WARIDI finished construction of the ten planned solar powered schemes in Q1. Nyameni was earmarked for a national commissioning ceremony, which was postponed due to COVID-19. Local commissioning ceremonies for the three villages were held in Q3 following COVID-19 safety protocols. Communities have taken over operations and maintenance of the schemes and are collecting water tariffs. These schemes have total pipelines of over 32 kilometres and feed 10 storage tanks each with a capacity of 50m3 with 42 domestic points. In total, they serve 8,078 people.

Table 1: Completed Solar Schemes Total Completion LGA Scheme Female Male Population Served Kilosa Ilakala 1,030 989 2,019 Q1 Mvomero Maharaka 1,536 1,476 3,012 Q1 Kilosa Nyameni 1,554 1,493 3,047 Q1 Total 4,120 3,958 8,078

Table 2: Scope of Work and Current Status of Solar Schemes LGA Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of September 2020 Kilosa Nyameni Construct five schemes in Construction completed as per Mkurunzi juu, Mkurunzi chini, contract; commissioned on April Wangoni & Kanisani, Lubungo & 17th 2020 Peapea, Kibadadi & Kisulu consisting of: • Five 50m3 storage tanks (Two on 6m risers, and three on- ground) • 17 Distribution Points • Five fenced pump houses • 17,651 meters of pipeline

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LGA Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of September 2020 Kilosa Ilakala Construct three schemes in Ilakala Construction completed as per A & Mashinieni, Miembeni & contract; commissioned on March Shuleni, Ilakala juu consisting of: 13, 2020  Three 50m3 storage tanks on 6m risers  11 Distribution Points  Three fenced pump houses  5,050 meters of pipeline Mvomero Maharaka Construct two schemes in Kibaoni Construction completed as per & Zonwe, Kipunguli, Mdugile, contract; commissioned on March Kitopeni & Mabwe consisting of: 12, 2020  Two 50m3 storage tanks on- ground  14 Distribution Points  Two fenced pump houses  10,000 meters of pipeline

Sustainability WARIDI continues to support the solar scheme CBWSOs on an as-needed basis, primarily providing technical support on management problems, at the request of the District RUWASA Manager. In Q3 and Q4 water treatment units were set up at each of the storage tanks for the three schemes, and the CBWSOs were trained on their operations and maintenance.

SUB- TASK 1.1.1 Implement Solar Pumped Schemes in Remote Villages MAJOR DELIVERY KEY EXTERNAL INDI- QUARTER COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIVITIES MECHANISM ACTORS CATOR Finish Construction of Subcontracts LGA, COWSO, Q1 (Oct- Completed in 8 storage tanks at Contractor Nov) Q1 Ilakala and Nyameni Install 10 solar systems Subcontracts LGA/RUWASA, Q1 (Oct) Completed in with 10 submersible COWSO, Q1 pumps Contractors, Suppliers Test and monitor 10 Subcontracts WARIDI Team 1.1 Q1 (Nov) Completed in solar systems Contractor Q1

Construction Inspections LGA/RUWASA, Q1 (Nov) Completed in inspection on 10 solar COWSO, Q1 schemes Contractors, Suppliers Final inspection – end Inspections LGA/RUWASA, Q1 (Nov- Completed in of defect and liability COWSO, Dec) Q2 period Contractors, Suppliers Hold one ceremonial WARIDI LGA, USAID, Q2 (Jan) 3 local commissioning event Team COWSO commissioning events were

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SUB- TASK 1.1.1 Implement Solar Pumped Schemes in Remote Villages MAJOR DELIVERY KEY EXTERNAL INDI- QUARTER COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIVITIES MECHANISM ACTORS CATOR held in Q2/Q3 due to COVID- 19

Sub-task 1.1.2 Rural Water Supply Construction In FY20, WARIDI provided access to drinking water for 125,023 people (60,434 M, 64,589 F) through 15 rural water schemes, as listed below in Table 3. Nine (9) additional schemes in Ulanga, Morogoro, Kilosa and Gairo DCs (Table 4) are at different stages of construction and are expected to serve 100,397 beneficiaries and will be reported in Q1 and Q2 of FY21. The scope of work and current status of all 24 rural water schemes is summarised on Table 5. In FY20, the project experienced delays in construction and procurement progress which resulted in six of the 15 schemes’ completion dates being pushed beyond the timeline set in the FY20 workplan. In Q1 WARIDI received notification from TRA that all VAT exemptions were indefinitely suspended until USAID and WARIDI could provide clarification on their tax exemption eligibility. TRA reviewed WARIDI’s exemption utilization and the application process for implementing partners to secure exemption. All VAT exemptions were on hold until November 8th, causing several delays on the project including delayed delivery of pipes and fittings for IRUWASA subcontracts among others. Since November 8th WARIDI has only encountered minor delays in receiving VAT exemptions due to TRA personnel staffing changes and holidays. Procurement irregularities resulted in cancelling two subcontracts (Kitete and Mfulu) and delayed the start date for three other subcontracts (Duthumi, Chakwale-Madege, and Gombe-Lukande) due to the need to conduct an internal review of these procurements. Kitete, Mfulu, Chakwale-Madege and Duthumi also experienced minor delays due to a budget modification which held up the procurements of pipes and fittings and submersible pumps as well as construction subcontracts. These delays resulted in a no-cost extension which was approved by USAID in early Q3. The delays also resulted in the vendor for pipes and fittings for these last four sites to withdraw from its award due to supply chain difficulties caused by COVID-19. The RFQ was re-bid in three lots to create more competition and spread the demand across multiple companies in recognition of supply chain uncertainties. At this time these pipes and fittings are now being delivered to sites. Modifications were made to the Duthumi, Chakwale-Madege, Kitete and Mfulu subcontracts to include pipes and fittings for civil structures to avoid construction delays.

In Q3, Ngerengere and BUMKI subcontracts received a stop work order due to slow progress on site. Both contracts were implemented by a single company. After a progress inspection, WARIDI cancelled the Ngerengere subcontract on June 04th and allowed the BUMKI subcontract to resume works on May 29th. Ngerengere was re-bid and awarded to another subcontractor. Construction at Ngerengere is in final stages and BUMKI has been completed and is in its defects and liability period.

Table 3: Completed Rural Water Supply Schemes in FY20 Total LGA Scheme Male Female Population Completion Served Mufindi Maduma 2,067 1,985 4,052 Q1 Kilolo Nyanzwa 3,375 3,513 6,888 Q1 Kilolo Lugalo 1,543 1,607 3,150 Q1 Kilombero Sonjo 2,776 2,890 5,666 Q1 Kilosa Mandela 2,335 2,430 4,765 Q1

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Total LGA Scheme Male Female Population Completion Served Kibengu Q2 Mufindi 3,863 4,020 7,883 Usokami Kilombero Lukicha 14,014 14,586 28,600 Q2 Kilombero Miki 3,348 3,484 6,832 Q2 Kilosa Magole 3,462 3,603 7,065 Q2 Kilosa Mbigiri 6,957 7,240 14,197 Q3 Ulanga Isyaga 2,231 2,858 5,089 Q4 Ulanga Chikuti 3,840 3,812 7,652 Q4 Kilosa Berega-Mgugu 3,490 4,093 7,583 Q4 Mvomero BUMKI 4,620 5,852 10,472 Q4 Gairo Nguyami 2,513 2,616 5,129 Q4 Total 60,434 64,589 125,023

Several subcontracts were modified in Q4 to extend construction time to allow for electrical and submersible pump installation. These delays are largely beyond WARIDI’s control as the subcontractors must work with TANESCO to have equipment inspected and meters provided. WARIDI is working with District authorities to ensure TANESCO prioritizes WARIDI sites for support and installation. In Q4 Gombe-Lukande’s subcontract was modified to include the rehabilitation of Lukande tank, which requires external plastering and painting to match the same standard of rehabilitation as the work being completed in Gombe village.

In Q3 vendors began installing submersible pumps at several sites including Lulanzi-Luhindo, Lusinga, Berega and Mgugu. Remaining submersible pumps will be installed at Igumbilo, Mwaya-Chikwela, Ngeregnere (2), Duthumi, Chakwale-Madege (2), Kitete and Mfulu in Q1 of FY21.

Table 4: Rural Water Supply Schemes Under Construction Scheme LGA Contractor Value TZS Value Start End People (W/O USD Date Date Served VAT) 1 Ngerenger Morogo COYESA 109,382,600 47,765 Jul 27 Dec 26 14,708 e ro DC Company 2 Igumbilo Ulanga POSH 226,225,000 98,788 Jan 7 Nov 30 11,275 Alliance Limited 3 Mwaya- Ulanga Patty 172,336,000 75,256 Jan 7 Nov 30 8,750 Chikwela Interplan 4 Duthumi Morogo Engineering 283,579,716 123,83 Jan 7 Mar 19 26,001 ro DC Plus 4 5 Chakwale- Gairo Engineering 262,211,306 114,50 Jan 7 Feb 17 15,259 Madege Plus 3 6 Sinyaulime Morogo D&L 145,545,500 63,557 Apr 1 Nov 30 4,571 ro DC 7 Gombe- Ulanga Dennez 187,082,000 81,882 May Jan 15 8,280 Lukande Engineering 15 8 Kitete Kilosa OLSH 208,509,586 91,052 Jun 29 Jan 28 6,336 DC Company 9 Mfulu Kilosa OLSH 201,949,462 88,187 Jul 14 Feb 12 5,217 DC Company Total 100,397

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Table 5: Scope of Work and Current Status of Rural Water Schemes LGA Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of Q4 Gairo Nguyami ● Rehabilitate 50m3 storage ● Construction completed as per tank on 9m riser; construct contract; commissioned on September new 50m3 tank on 9m riser 25, 2020 ● Construct 4 new Distribution Points (DPs); rehabilitate 5 DPs with water meters and water meter chambers ● Rehabilitate one fenced pump house ● Lay 8,275 meters of pipeline (Revised 8,340m) Mufindi Kibengu • Rehabilitate two 100m3 and ● Construction completed as per Usokami 200m3 on-ground storage contract; commissioned on July 23, tanks 2020 • Construct 32 DPs • Construct one fenced pump house and 200m3 sump well • Construct infiltration gullies and collection chamber • Procure and install 25kVA transformer ● Lay 17,094 meters of pipeline Mufindi Maduma • Rehabilitate Intake ● Construction completed as per • Rehabilitate 90m3 on- contract; commissioned on March 24, ground storage tank 2020 • Construct 14 DPs ● Lay 14,093 meters of pipeline Kilolo Nyanzwa • Improve intake, including ● Construction completed as per reconstruction of retaining contract; commissioned on March 30, wall, and fixing heavy metal 2020 plate screw gate • Construct 50m3 on-ground storage tank and rehabilitate one existing 50m3 storage tank • Construct 22 DPs ● Lay 12,747 meters of pipeline Kilolo Lugalo • Construct 50m3 Storage ● Construction completed as per Tank contract; commissioned on March 24, • Construct 10 DPs 2020 • Construct wet and dry chambers, infiltration gallery and one collection chamber at intake ● Lay 8,430 meters of pipeline Kilosa Berega- ● Construct 20 domestic ● 20 DPs with their chambers have been Mgugu water points (DPs) with constructed.

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LGA Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of Q4 water meters and water ● Construction of 3 new on-ground meter chambers storage tanks (two of 50m3 and one of ● Construct 3 new fenced on 75m3) with fencing has been ground storage tanks (two completed. of 50m3, and one of 75m3) ● Rehabilitation of two existing fenced ● Rehabilitate 2 existing pump houses has been completed fenced pump houses ● A 25kVA transformer has been ● Procure and install 25kVA procured, installed, inspected accepted transformer by TANESCO ● Lay 14, 068m of pipeline. ● Trench excavation, pipe laying and backfilling for 14,068m completed ● Remaining activities include installation of water flow meters, scheme testing and conducting first joint inspection. Morogoro Ngerengere ● Rehabilitate two fenced ● Two fenced tanks (50m3 water storage tanks (50m3 water storage tank on 9m riser and 135m3 water tank on 9m riser and 135m3 storage tank on ground) have been water storage tank on rehabilitated. Fence rehabilitation and ground) construction of control valve chambers ● Construct 20 Domestic are on progress Water Points with water ● 19 DPs out of 20 DPs have been meters and water meter constructed (remaining activities include chambers DP chamber cover fabrication, plumbing ● Rehabilitate two fenced works and water flow meters pump houses installation) ● Procure and install ● Two pump houses have been transformer of 25kVA rehabilitated. Fence rehabilitation is on ● Lay 11,212 meters of progress pipeline ● Trench excavation, pipe laying and backfilling done on 10,210m Mvomero BUMKI Mkindo: ● Construction completed as per ● Construct 1 new intake contract first joint inspection has been ● Construct 1 fenced on conducted, the project is under defect ground level storage tank of and liability. 75m3 ● Construct 10 new domestic water points (DPs) with water meters and water meter chambers ● Lay 6,758m meters of pipeline Bungoma: ● Rehabilitate 18 Domestic Water Points (DPs) ● Repair of existing gravity main Kilomber Sonjo • Construct new intake ● Construction completed as per o • Rehabilitate 50m3 on- contract; commissioned on May 29, ground storage tank 2020 • Construct 25 DPs

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LGA Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of Q4 ● Lay 7,210 meters of pipeline - this was revised to 6,712m Kilomber Lukicha ● Construct intake ● Construction completed as per o ● Construct 250m3 on- contract; commissioned on September ground storage tank 17 2020 ● Construct 50 DPs ● Lay 26,637 meters of pipeline (this was revised to 27,159m) Kilomber Miki ● Construct on-ground 250m3 ● Construction completed as per o storage tank contract; commissioned on June 24, ● Construct 43 DPs 2020 ● Lay 12,968 meters of pipeline Kilosa Mandela • Construct two 50m3 ● Construction completed as per storage tanks on 12m risers contract; commissioned on July 16, • Construct 16 DPs 2020 • Construct fenced pump house • Procure and install 25kVA transformer ● Lay 6,448 meters of pipeline Kilosa Magole ● Rehabilitate 100m3 raised ● Construction completed as per storage tank on 9m riser contract; commissioned on July 16, ● Construct 50m3 storage 2020 tank on 9m riser ● Construct 26 DPs ● Procure and install 25kVA transformer ● Lay 10,864 meters of pipeline Kilosa Mbigiri ● Construct 50m3 storage ● Construction completed as per tank on 12m riser contract; commissioned on October 9, ● Rehabilitate two 75m3 2020 storage tanks on 9m and 12m risers ● Construct 25 DPs ● Construct pump house ● Procure and install 25kVA transformer ● Lay 19,231 meters of pipeline Ulanga Igumbilo ● Construct 1 new fenced ● Pump house constructed, painted, pump house fenced and electrified with 25kVA ● Procure and install 25 kVA transformer transformer ● All 15 DPs have been constructed ● Construct 15 domestic together with their lockable meter water points (DPs) with chambers. water meters and water ● Water storage tank (75m3) on 9m meter chambers riser has been constructed, painted and fenced. Water treatment unit has

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LGA Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of Q4 ● Construct 1 new water also installed at the top of the storage storage tank (75m3) on a 9m tank. riser. ● Trench excavation, pipe laying and ● Lay 4,589 metres of pipeline backfilling for all 4,383m has been (Revised 4,383m). completed and 40 Pipe markers have been installed ● Remaining activities include pump installation, scheme testing and chlorination dosing Ulanga Chikuti ● Construct 1 new intake ● Construction completed as per ● Construct 10 domestic contract’ first joint inspection water points (DPs) with conducted, the project is under defect water meters and water and liability. meter chambers ● Construct fenced 1 new on ground water storage tank (90m3), and plant glasses around it. ● Lay 13,867 metres pipeline (Revised 14,000m) Ulanga Isyaga ● Construct 1 new intake ● Construction completed as per DC ● Construct 8 domestic water contract; project will be points (DPs) with water commissioned in early Q1 FY21 meters and water meter chambers (1 standpipe was added for community closer to the storage tank) ● Construct fenced 1 new on ground storage tanks (90m3). And plant glasses around it. ● Lay 6,246 meters of pipeline (Revised 6,900m) Ulanga Mwaya – ● Construct 1 fenced pump • Construction of fenced pump house DC Chikwela houses has been completed. The remaining ● Procure and install 25kVA task is construction of borehole transformer chamber which will be done after ● Construct 19 new DPs with pump installation. water meters and water • 25 kVA Transformer has been meter chambers procured, installation including other ● Rehabilitate one existing electrification process at the pump 90m3 storage tank on a 12m house are in progress raiser • 19 DPs have been constructed, ● Lay 11,097 metres of remained activities include installation pipeline (Revised 9,220m to of water flow meters and flow due location of a new measurements borehole) • Rehabilitation of water storage tank (90m3) on 12m riser completed. Remaining activities include rehabilitating the floor of the raiser • Trench excavation, pipe laying and backfilling of 9,220m have been completed

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LGA Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of Q4 • Major remaining activities include pump installation, scheme testing and chlorination

Ulanga Gombe ● Construct 1 new intake • Intake site clearance completed, setting DC Lukande ● Construct 2 new DPs with out of the intake is in progress water meters and water • 2 new DPs have been constructed; meter chambers remaining work includes plumbing ● Rehabilitation of 12 DPs works and meter installation with water meters and • 12 DPs have been rehabilitated water meter chambers • Completed construction of 50m3 ● Construct one fenced 50m3 storage tank on 6m raiser storage tank on ground • Water treatment system has been ● Lay 13,020 metres of installed. Remaining work includes pipeline plumbing, chlorination and fencing. • 300m of trench excavation, pipe laying and backfilling has been completed out of 13,020m Morogoro Duthumi ● Procure and install 1 ● Ground water storage tank (250m3) is DC submersible pump at roofing stage (steel fixing for tank ● Construct 47 new DPs with top slab is in progress) water meters and water ● Construction of 41 out of 47 DPs meter chambers completed ● Rehabilitate one existing ● Walling of 6m riser for 135m3 water 20m3 water storage tank on storage tank has been completed. Steel a 6m riser fixing for a tank bottom slab is ● Construct 1 water storage progressing tank on ground (250m3) and ● Internal and external plastering of one 1 water storage tank existing 20m3 water storage tank on (135m3) on 6m riser 6m riser has been completed ● Construction of 1 cattle ● Concrete works for cattle trough has trough been completed ● Lay 21,047meters of pipeline ● Trench excavation, pipe laying and backfilling is waiting for supply of pipes and fittings. Delivery is in progress Morogoro Sinyaulime ● Construct 10 new DPs with ● Construction of 10 DPs have been DC water meters and water completed meter chambers ● Completed construction of fenced ● Construct one fenced 90m3 90m3 on-ground storage tank water storage tank on ● Trench excavation and pipe laying for ground 11,994m has been completed ● Lay 11,994m of pipeline Gairo DC Chakwale ● Rehabilitate 135m3 storage ● Construction of 90m3 on-ground Madege tank on ground at Chakwale storage tank is in progress; currently on village top slab ● Construct new 90m3 tank ● Construction of new pump house for on ground Chakwale borehole is at roofing stage ● Construct 16 new ● 39 DPs have been rehabilitated and 16 Distribution Points (DPs); new DPs have been constructed. rehabilitate 39 DPs Finishing works on chambers and ● Rehabilitate one pump plumbing is in progress house at Madege

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LGA Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of Q4 ● Construct new pump house ● 135m3 on ground storage tank for Chakwale Borehole at rehabilitation is in progress; Internal Madege village and external plastering is completed, no ● Lay 8,275 meters of pipeline leakage the tank has been tested awaited is painting and fencing ● Trench excavation, pipe laying and backfilling is waiting for supply of pipes and fittings. Inspection at factory and third-party quality testing have been done, materials delivery is in progress Kilosa DC Kitete ● Construct one fenced pump ● Construction of one new pump house house is at roofing stage ● Construct 18 new DPs with ● Construct 18 new DPs has been water meters and water constructed. Remaining activities meter chambers include chamber construction and ● Construct one 90m3 finishing storage tank on 6m riser ● Water storage tank (90m3) raiser ● Procure and install 25kVA construction is at 3.3m high from transformer ground level ● Lay 9,302 meters of pipeline ● Procurement of 25kVA transformer is in progress ● Trench excavation, pipe laying and backfilling is waiting for supply of pipes and fittings. Inspection at factory and third-party quality testing have been done, materials delivery is in progress Kilosa DC Mfulu ● Construct one fenced pump ● Construction of one new pump house house is at roofing stage ● Construct 12 new DPs with ● 12 new DPs have been constructed. water meters and water Remaining activities include chamber meter chambers construction and finishing ● Construct one 90m3 storage ● Water storage tank (90m3) raiser tank on 6m riser construction is at 4.3m high from ● Procure and install 25kVA ground level transformer ● Procurement of 25kVA transformer is ● Lay 6,596 meters of pipeline in progress ● Trench excavation, pipe laying and backfilling is waiting for supply of pipes and fittings. Inspection at factory and third-party quality testing have been done, materials delivery is in progress

Sustainability WARIDI continues to strengthen the capacity of transformed or newly formed CBWSOs to properly manage their water supply schemes. Formation and training for CBWSOs is described under Task 2.4.

Almost all sites have fulfilled their cash contributions except for Mandela, Mbigiri and Magole, which failed to raise their agreed contribution as expected. BUMKI has a small amount remaining to contribute, and WARIDI is following up with Mvomero District RUWASA for support. In Chakwale- Madege, WARIDI has experienced community reluctance to contribute, despite regular follow up by

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both WARIDI and RUWASA Gairo. Chakwale-Madege still has a contribution gap of eleven million Tanzanian Schillings despite having a higher population. WARIDI will continue to follow-up with these CBWSOs in Q1 of FY21. An updated list of community cash contributions is attached as Annex 2.

WARIDI also provide support for Districts to leverage other sources of funding which will support expansion of water services. In Q2 the Kilombero District RUWASA Manager expressed appreciation for WARIDI’s contribution to their ranking of 3rd out of 130 LGAs overall in the Payment by Results (PbR) program. The RUWASA Manager said this was made possible through WARIDI’s support to complete three schemes at Ikela, Kiberege and Mwaya. RUWASA Kilombero is expecting to receive PbR funds of approximately TZS 800,000,000 for this achievement.

SUB-TASK 1.1.2 Rural Water Supply Construction

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA CATO R S ES M L R ACTORS Procure construction Contracts LGA, Q1-Q2 Completed services and materials and COWSOs, for remaining 13 Purchase Contractors, schemes Orders Vendors Construct 24 rural Subcontracts LGA, Q1-Q3 On-going; 15 water schemes COWSOs, schemes Contractors completed. Nine (9) remaining schemes will be completed by Q1 and Q2 FY21 Test and Commission Inspections LGA, 1.1 Q2-Q4 Five schemes Schemes COWSOs, completed in Contractors Q1, four in Q2, one in Q3 and five in Q4 (15 total) Hold 3 ceremonial Engagement LGA, Q2-Q4 Local commissioning events Team, RUWASA, commissionin Communicatio COWSOs, g completed ns USAID at 10 sites; large ceremonial commissionin g suspended due to COVID-19.

Task 1.2 Access to Increased Water Service Levels in Select Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities (WSSAs)

SUB-TASK 1.2.1 Access to Increased Water Service Levels in Select WSSAs

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In FY20 WARIDI completed construction of Mseke, Ulonge, Mawelewele and Kalenga-Tosamaganga water schemes managed by IRUWASA, and Utengule, Lusinga and Lualnzi-Luhindo managed by KIUWASA (Table 6). These seven schemes provide access to basic drinking water for 61,309 people (29,309 M, 32,000 F)

Mseke, Ulonge, Mawelewele, Kalenga-Tosamaganga, and Utengule schemes have been commissioned, and Lusinga and Lulanzi-Luhindo will be scheduled for commissioning in Q1 FY21 when their defects and liability periods end. Completion of Kalenga-Tosamaganga was delayed by a couple of months due to heavy rains which prevented the subcontractor from completing the pipeline crossing of the Ruaha River. Mawelewele was delayed by a change in the scope of work that included the rehabilitation of an existing tank that was not previously included but had leakages.

In Q3 WARIDI received a letter from the IRUWASA Managing Director expressing the IRUWASA Board of Directors’ and Management’s appreciation to USAID/WARIDI for the financial support provided towards improvement of the schemes and hence the lives of people in the municipality.

During the commissioning of Mawelewele, Kalenga Tosamaganga, and Utengule, the IRUWASA Board chairperson expressed appreciation for USAID//WARIDI’s support on all projects under IRUWASA management which have improved access to water service. IRUWASA reported a significant number of beneficiaries who have been connected to Mseke, Ulonge, Mawelewele and Kalenga-Tosamaganga. Using their own initiatives and resources, IRUWASA has installed prepaid water meters for all connected beneficiaries. These include 541 household connections and 14 public domestic points as summarized below: • Kalenga-Tosamaganga – 2 public domestic points ,126 household connections, 3 connections for institutions • Mseke – 9 public domestic points, 277 household connections • Mawelewele-Hoho-Mgela – 3 public water domestic points, 38 household connections • Ulonge – 100 household connections

IRUWASA is continuing to extend the distribution line and connect customers. The scope of work and current status of all seven (7) urban water schemes is summarised on Table 7.

Table 6: Completed Urban Water Schemes in FY20 Total LGA Scheme Male Female Population Completion Served IRUWASA Mseke 7,775 8,093 15,868 Q2 IRUWASA Ulonge 3,215 3,347 6,562 Q2 IRUWASA Mawelewele 6,958 7,241 14,199 Q3 IRUWASA Kalenga- 8,688 Q3 4,257 4,431 Tosamaganga KIUWASA Utengule 2,109 2,925 5,034 Q3 KIUWASA Lusinga 2,634 3,219 5,853 Q4 KIUWASA Lulanzi - 5,105 Q4 2,361 2,744 Luhindo Total 29,309 32,000 61,309

Table 7: Scope of Work and Current Status of Urban Water Schemes Authority Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of September 2020 IRUWASA Mseke • Construct on-ground 200m3 • Construction completed storage tank as per contract;

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Authority Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of September 2020 • Construct one fenced pump commissioned on July 21, house, 100m3 sump well and 2020 toilet • Install HT powerline with 25KVA transformer • Lay 14,045 meters of pipeline IRUWASA Mawelewele- • Construct on-ground 200m3 • Construction completed Hoho storage tank as per contract; • Construct one fenced pump commissioned on house, 150m3 sump well and September 17, 2020 toilet • Install HT powerline with 25KVA transformer • Lay 12,080 meters of pipeline IRUWASA Kalenga - • Construct 200m3 storage tank • Construction completed Tosamaganga on 6m raiser as per contract; • Lay 22,074 meters of pipeline commissioned on September 17, 2020 IRUWASA Ulonge • Lay 7,440 meters of pipeline • Construction completed as per contract; commissioned on July 21, 2020 KIUWASA Lusinga • Construct one 75m3 new water • Construction completed storage tank and rehabilitate as per contract; first joint one 45m3 existing water storage inspection has been tank conducted, the project is • Construct two infiltration under defect and liability. galleries and one collection chamber • Construct 7 DPs with water meters and water meter chambers • Construct one fenced pump house and 100m3 sump well • Procure and install 25kVA transformer • Lay 3,935 meters of pipeline KIUWASA Lulanzi- • Construct one infiltration gallery • Construction completed Luhindo • Construction of 8 DPs with as per contract; first joint water meters and water meter inspection has been chambers conducted, the project is • Rehabilitate fenced one pump under defect and liability. house • Construct sump well - 150m3 • Procure and install 25kVA transformer • Lay 2,576 meters of pipeline KIUWASA Utengule • Construction of one infiltration • Construction completed gallery as per contract; • Construction of 18 DPs

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Authority Scheme Scope of Work Progress as of September 2020 • Rehabilitation of two existing commissioned on storage tanks of 90m3 and 45m3 September 17, 2020 respectively • Laying of 5,550 meters of pipeline

Sustainability IRUWASA and KIUWASA have contributed to the schemes by paying for trench digging and material security and storage with a total value of TZS 497,780,563 (USD 214,560). All seven schemes are managed and operated by IRUWASA and KIUWASA using their experienced staff.

SUB-TASK 1.2.1 Access to Increased Water Service Levels in Select WSSAs

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMMEN INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA CATO R TS ES M L R ACTORS Procure construction Contract, KIUWASA, Q1 Completed in services and materials Purchase Contractors Q1 for three schemes Orders under KIUWASA Construct three Contract KIUWASA Q1-Q4 Completed in schemes under Q3 & Q4 KIUWASA Test and Commission Inspections KIUWASA, 1.1 Q3-Q4 Completed in Schemes Contractors Q4 Construct four Contract LGA, Q1-Q3 Completed in schemes under IRUWASA, Q3 IRUWASA Contractors Test and Commission Inspections IRUWASA, 1.1 Q3 Completed in Schemes Contractors Q3 Hold one Ceremonial Engagement LGA, Q3 Due to Commissioning Event Team, IRUWASA, COVID-19 All Communicatio MoW, four IRUWASA ns USAID projects were commissioned locally.

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Task 1.3 Enhancing Sustainability of Water Supply Interventions

SUB-TASK 1.3.1 Enhancing Sustainability of Water Supply Interventions In FY20 WARIDI’s water team did not participate in any conferences or workshops. Training and support co-delivered by RUWASA and WARIDI continued during the quarter.

SUB-TASK 1.3.1 Enhancing Sustainability of Water Supply Interventions MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMEN INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANISM EXTERNA CATO R TS ES L R ACTORS Participation in Conferences/Eve Q1-Q4 & No conferences and nts Q1 FY21 opportunities workshops in Q4

WARIDI Annual Report FY20 39 Task 1.4 Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion

SUB-TASK 1.4.1 Promote Household Sanitation and Hygiene Excellent outcomes are the result of government support to WARIDI’s grants program, with messages delivered from the Prime Minister in October 2018, down to District Commissioners, District Executive Directors, District Health Officers, Ward Executive Officers and Village Executive Officers, who insisted that every household should build an improved toilet. WARIDI’s support for quality data collection, verification and aggregation gave District Councils a clear picture of their sanitation status, and allowed local government officials to use government meetings to provide updates and come up with specific action plans to reach Open Defecation Free status by the end of the grant period. Data Collectors were supported to go house to house to deliver behaviour change messaging and clarify NSC requirements for improved sanitation. They were also able to enforce local by-laws on hygiene and sanitation and report any non-compliant households to village government, which in some cases resulted in fines until proper sanitation facilities were constructed.

However successful, the program also had challenges. Not all LGAs performed equally, with some LGAs and villages outperforming others in latrine construction and ODF verification. WARIDI undertook a learning assessment in Q3 and Q4 to understand enabling factors and constraints across LGAs. This report is attached as Annex 3. Looking at three LGAs, Wanging’ombe, Malinyi and Gairo, WARIDI’s sanitation team interviewed key informants and visited 2-3 villages in each LGA to hold focus group discussions on performance. It was found that while LGA commitment, awareness and enforcement were key enabling factors, LGAs were also hindered by a lack of funding, personnel and transport, high staff turnover, and a lack of incentives for data collectors to continue their quarterly data collection. In villages, geography and topography played a key role in performance – with distant villages receiving less government follow-up and support, and distant households receiving infrequent visits and encouragement to comply with local directives and by-laws. Villages located in areas with high water tables or heavy rains also had difficulties maintaining ODF status, as households using traditional latrines lost their latrines due to flooding or collapse. The learning report has a number of recommendations for future donor programs and the Government of Tanzania, including that future programs should advocate for on-going issues to be addressed (lack of personnel, lack of funding), and that they should address gaps in areas with high water tables and/or heavy rains by supporting environmentally appropriate and desirable solutions.

WARIDI finalized and closed its ODF grants program in Q2. Through the grants, WARIDI supported 1,260 villages to implement the National Sanitation Campaign across 14 District Councils. 743 villages were externally verified for ODF, 646 of which were recommended as “universal ODF” or higher. In FY20, 155,173 people (79,443 Female and 76,327 Male) were reported as gaining access to basic sanitation, resulting in a total of 1,296,173 people (661,048 Female and 635,125 Male) supported through WARIDI over the lifetime of the grants, surpassing the project’s target of 750,000 people.

Per the Sanitation League Tables released by the Ministry of Health, the WARIDI program supported six LGAs to move up in their position in the League Tables, including Morogoro DC, which moved from position 181 in December 2017 to 87 in September 2020. Other notable increases include Mufindi District Council, which moved up 48 places, and Iringa District Council, which moved up 23. The League tables take into account only improved sanitation coverage (Tanzanian standard) as shown in the National Sanitation Management Information System (NSMIS) on a quarterly basis. Eight District Councils were in a lower position in September 2020 vs December 2017; these District Councils include Bagamoyo District Council, which fell two places from 72 to 74, but increased improved sanitation coverage from 48% to 68%, a 19% increase. Another example is Kilosa District Council, which fell 26 places from 89th to 115th, but improved

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sanitation coverage rose from 42 to 56%. A table showing position changes before and after WARIDI alongside coverage is shown below: Position Coverage Council Dec-17 Sep-20 Change Dec-17 Sep-20 Change Bagamoyo District Council 72 74 -2 48 68 19 Chalinze District Council 106 93 13 39 63 24 Gairo District Council 74 105 -31 48 59 11 Iringa District Council 82 59 23 45 72 27 Kilolo District Council 60 66 -6 53 70 17 Kilombero District Council 49 37 12 59 83 25 Kilosa District Council 89 115 -26 42 56 14 Malinyi District Council 76 122 -46 48 52 5 Mbarali District Council 65 109 -44 51 57 7 Morogoro District Council 181 81 100 8 65 57 Mufindi District Council 99 51 48 40 77 37 Mvomero District Council 117 159 -42 36 35 -1 Ulanga District Council 97 87 10 41 64 24 Wanging'ombe District Council 34 46 -12 71 79 8

On average, participating WARIDI District Councils improved by 19% from December 2017 to September 2020, compared to non-WARIDI participating Districts, which improved 16% in the same period. This analysis did not include Districts that did not have data for either period, or towns and municipal councils.

Sustainability WARIDI is planning a sanitation close-out event in November 2020, to coincide with Sanitation Week, where it will present the impact of its grants program and lessons from its learning assessment to a variety of stakeholders.

LGA’s continued lack of personnel, high staff turnover and lack of funding and transport could hinder the sustainability of sanitation gains made under the WARIDI grants program. A lack of follow-up and monitoring may hinder progress for some households to upgrade from traditional to improved latrines or result in slippage in areas where traditional latrines are affected by heavy rains.

SUB-TASK 1.4.1 Promote Household Sanitation and Hygiene MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA CATO R S ES M L ACTORS R Update register data Grantee LGA 1.2, 1.6 Q1 Completed on a quarterly basis and enter in NSMIS, track access to basic sanitation district-wide

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SUB-TASK 1.4.1 Promote Household Sanitation and Hygiene MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA CATO R S ES M L ACTORS R Monitor household Sanitation LGA Q1 (Oct- Completed sanitation and SWASH Leads, Dec) progress Grantees Facilitate community Grantee LGA, village Q1 - Q2 Completed self-assessments in 306 government (Ongoing) villages Support ODF external Sanitation LGA, RS, 1.5 Q1 -Q2 Completed verification in 200 Leads Grantee (Ongoing) villages Support LGAs to Check-ins, RS, LGA Q1 - Q2 Completed prepare and submit Meetings (Ongoing) for 25 certification requests SWASH to MoH villages Hold exit meetings Meetings USAID, Q1 - Q2 Completed with each LGA MoH, (Oct-Jan) PORALG, LGA, RS, Grantee

SUB-TASK 1.4.2 Support Institutional Sanitation and Hygiene WARIDI has supported 25 villages to improve their institutional sanitation facilities in public primary and secondary schools in order to qualify for official ODF certification from the government of Tanzania per indicator 1.3, number of communities verified as open defecation free (ODF). These 25 villages were selected in coordination with the LGA District Health Offices based on their participation in the ODF grants, where each village had achieved universal sanitation coverage at the household level but did not qualify for certification due to a lack of facilities in public schools. In September of FY19, WARIDI awarded three contracts for the construction of 15 SWASH facilities in three LGAs (Kilosa, Mvomero and Kilombero) across 15 villages. In December of FY21, WARIDI awarded two additional contracts to construct 10 facilities in two LGAs (Kilolo and Iringa). Construction was completed for a majority of villages in Q3, with finishing works remaining in Q4 for Kilolo and Iringa DC. In Q4, facilities in Kilolo and Iringa DC began defects and liability, and facilities in Kilosa, Kilombero and Mvomero were commissioned. In Q4, 5,010 pupils (2,500 girls and 2,510 boys) began accessing SWASH services in Iringa DC and Kilolo DC in addition to 61 teachers (41 female and 20 male). In total, WARIDI’s SWASH work supported 14,010 pupils to gain access to improved sanitation at school (7,116 girls and 6,894 boys). A full list of construction work completed is included as Annex 4.

The sanitation technical team worked with LGA representatives to conduct ODF verification in 25 SWASH villages per indicator 1.3. All villages were recommended for ODF Level II. Kilolo, Kilombero, Kilosa and Mvomero LGAs sent reports to the Regional Health Office requesting ODF certification per National guidelines by the end of Q3. WARIDI continued to follow-up with Iringa DC for its ODF certification report, but in August, Iringa DC informed WARIDI that it would not

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recommend two villages (Ndiwili and Kiwere) for ODF Level II due to conflicting information reported in the subsequent quarter’s sanitation registers showing that some households did not have latrines. WARIDI then worked with the LGA to send a warning letter to Kiwere and Ndiwili VEOs, which was addressed to heads of households without latrines. The LGA and WARIDI continued to make follow-up on progress in Kiwere and Ndiwili and conducted a re-verification exercise in September after the villages reported that they were ODF. Both villages passed re-certification and were recommended for ODF Level II. In Q4 Iringa district submitted a letter recommending all five WARIDI supported villages for ODF Level II to the RHO. ODF verification summary results forms for 25 villages are included as Annex 5.

WARIDI finalized sanitation and hygiene murals with behavior change drawings and messages on SWASH facilities for all 25 schools. The murals create a welcoming environment for pupils while reminding them of important hygiene messages. Images were selected from the MoHCDEC approved SWASH Toolkit in collaboration with the DHO of each LGA.

WARIDI worked with LGA representatives to prepare Operations, Maintenance and Sustainability (OMS) plans for SWASH facilities supported by WARIDI for 24 schools. Ndegivisili primary school in Kilolo DC developed its OMS plan in September after construction had been completed. All 25 schools now have implemented OMS plans and are using their SWASH facilities. The OMS plans focus on nine key areas including: hygiene education, establishing a SWASH fund, latrines and urinals, Menstrual Hygiene Rooms (MHR), hand washing facilities, water supply, disposal of garbage and other solid wastes, monitoring and user by-laws. All OMS plans were submitted with the Q3 report except for Ndegivisili. Ndegivisili’s plan is attached as Annex 6.

Sustainability OMS plans developed in close coordination with relevant stakeholders will ensure the sustainability of constructed SWASH facilities. The plans support the schools to understand the resources needed to maintain the facilities, how to mobilize them, and the responsibilities of each stakeholder (pupils, teachers, school committee, parents/guardians, and the community as a whole). The teacher on duty, pupil leadership, the SWASH club and school committee are responsible for ensuring that the OMS plan is being implemented.

To ensure the schools take a leadership role in managing the facilities, local commissioning events were conducted in Kilombero (September 08th – 11th), Mvomero (September 14th – 18th), and Kilosa (September 21st – 24th ) for all 15 schools and were attended by a limited number of representatives from WARIDI, the LGA, teachers, parents, the ward and the community. Generally, all schools appreciated WARIDI support on SWASH facilities and promised to sustain cleanness and ensure the toilets remain in good working condition. Some schools have hired cleaners to assist at least once a week, to supplement pupil’s cleaning. In Kifinga village, the cleaner for Mhovu primarily school’s SWASH facilities is being paid by the village government.

SUB-TASK 1.4.2 Support Institutional Sanitation and Hygiene MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIVIT MECHANIS EXTERNA R IES M L CATO ACTORS R Construct Subcontracts LGA, Q1-Q3 Lots 1-3 institutional sanitation and POs Contractor completed and facilities for 25 commissioned schools Q1-Q2 (Sep-March Lot 5 (Iringa) • LOTS 1 – 3 completed; Lot • LOTS 4 – 5

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SUB-TASK 1.4.2 Support Institutional Sanitation and Hygiene MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIVIT MECHANIS EXTERNA R IES M L CATO ACTORS R Q1-Q3 4 (Kilolo) (Nov-April) continues defects and liability Develop and Paint PO LGA Q2 (March- Completed Murals for Facilities April) Commission facilities Engagement LGA, MoH, Q3 (May- 15 schools through five events (1 Team, RS, USAID June) (Kilombero, in each LGA) Communicatio Kilosa and ns Mvomero) commissioned in Q4 Facilitate ODF Level 2 WARIDI IRs, LGA, RS, 1.3 Q3 Completed certification in 25 villages MEL MoH (April external (contingent on government ) verification and schedule) recommendati on, sent paperwork to RHO in Q3 and Q4

SUB-TASK 1.4.3 Implement National Behavioral Change Communications Campaign

WARIDI supported the National Behavioral Change Communications Campaign through the ODF grants implemented in 14 LGAs, which officially ended in January 2020. Grantees delivered BCC messages through household visits, advocacy meetings, and institutional triggering during ODF external verification field work. Activities were also conducted in schools, road show events, at sporting events and through the radio and distribution of T-shirts with BCC messaging. Lastly, WARIDI facilitated the distribution of Swahili translated ODF guidelines to every ward, LGA, and Regional and Ministry for continued use and reference at all levels. In Q4 WARIDI painted sanitation and hygiene murals with official behavior change drawings and messages on 25 SWASH facilities constructed across five LGAs.

Sustainability WARIDI has continued to encourage hand washing practices with running water and soap both at household level and institutions/gathering places in all of its activities as a precaution against COVID- 19. This includes WARIDI providing MoHCDEC approved posters on correct handwashing for all LGAs.

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SUB-TASK 1.4.3 Implement National BCC Campaign MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA R S ES M L ACTORS CATO R Monitor and support Grantees LGA 1.2, 1.5., Q1, Q2 Completed promotion of hygienic 1.6 behaviors through household visits, advocacy meetings, sports, public announcements, dramas and puppet shows

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2.2 Intermediate Result 2: Strengthened Governance for Sustainable and Resilient Management of Water Resources and Services under a Changing Climate

Task 2.1: Strengthen Management Capacity of National Water Board, BWBs and WUAs In FY20, WARIDI implemented many planned activities despite the impacts of the COVID-19 health pandemic, which resulted in the Government of Tanzania banning large meetings, suspension of international travel, suspension of non-critical local travel, and suspension of large workshops and gatherings between Q2 and Q4.

Sub-Task 2.1.1: Strengthen Management Capacity of NWB and BWBs During the reporting period, WARIDI facilitated a training on climate change and water resources management to the National Water Board (NWB) Members and MoW secretariat. The training aimed to build the capacity of the Board to fulfil its advisory and support roles to the Ministry of Water through improved understanding of the potential vulnerability and impacts of climate change on water resources. The training also focused on improving: understanding of different potential adaptation options for responding to climate change impacts in Water Resources Management (covering aspects like efficient water use, land use plans, financing adaptation, enforcement of by-laws, the need for accurate data and information, etc.); understanding of the policy, institutional and financial frameworks/conditions necessary for successful adaptation measures; enhanced collaboration and support for effective design and implementation of climate resilient water resource management strategies; and improved understanding of gender integration into WRM and opportunities. The training was organised into eight training sessions, namely (See the training report attached as Annex 7): • Fundamentals of Climate Change: Basic aspects, drivers and Sample Impacts of Climate Change • Impacts of Climate Change on economic sectors with a focus on Water Resources • Climate Change Adaptation for Effective Water Resources Management • Policy, Legal and Institutional Frameworks Governing Climate Change and Water Resources Management • Financing Climate Change Adaptation for Effective Water Resources Management • Data for Effective Climate Change Adaptation: What, Why, When, Where and How? • Cooperation Mechanisms/ Stakeholders Engagement for Effective Climate Adaptation & Water Resources Management • Gender Integration and Youth Inclusion

The Eight (8) members of the National Water Board (5 males and 3 females) who participated in the training acknowledged the usefulness of the training to support informed decision making on Climate Change issues when conducting their board meetings to advice the Ministry of Water and whole government.

WARIDI facilitated the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu BWBs to conduct abstraction surveys to identify unregistered water users who have boreholes or intakes within the basins. The revenues collected through applications and annual fee payments will contribute to the BWBs fulfilment of their mandate. The abstraction exercise was complimented by stakeholders’ awareness raising and provision of basin information leaflets, a copy of the WRM Act 2009 to local government leaders and notifications to unregistered water users of their individual/institutional responsibility for payment of water uses fees to the Basin Water Boards. Local government leaders led the process of surveying by identifying water users to be assessed in their localities and looking at the legality of existing water abstractions. The

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survey identified several large water users including industries, government institutions, hotels and lodges, campsites, gas stations and farms. A total of 185 abstraction points in Rufiji Basin and 211 abstraction points in the Wami/Ruvu Basin were visited of which 12 from Rufiji have since then paid the application fees as a result of WARIDI actions. Lack of awareness on borehole drilling procedures from the BWB was identified as a main reason for having large numbers of unregistered boreholes.

The Wami/Ruvu BWB used the mWATER mobile application tool to conduct the abstraction survey while the Rufiji BWB used a Garmin GPS to mark coordinates. The mWATER tool has the advantage of automatically updating the BWB database while the team is working in the field. It is a new application introduced by WARIDI to the BWBs through a field training for 15 Wami/Ruvu staff in collaboration with three experts from KINARA Youth Foundation who had previous experience using the application. The traditional GPS approach used in Rufiji Basin requires the team to download and update information manually after field work, hence being more time consuming.

According to the abstraction survey conducted, Rufiji BWB estimates that at least 54,900,000 Tanzanian Schillings will be collected in Rufiji BWB, while about 60 million Tanzania Shillings will be collected in the Wami/Ruvu BWB annually, if all new identified water users under WARIDI support adhere to the annual fee payment. The full reports on the abstraction surveys are included as Annex 8 and Annex 9.

WARIDI supported the routine quarterly National Water Board (NWB) Meeting and two-days of training for 11 board members. The NWB training focused on the Water Resources Management (WRM) Act No. 11 of 2009 and Integrated Water Resources Management. Highlights of the training sessions included: • Presentation and in-depth explanations to Board Members on different sections of the Act including the objectives of the law, the structure of water resources management in the country and the responsibilities of the various institutions mentioned in the Act. Various penalties outlined in the law for specified offenses were also explained. The Water Resources Management Act No. 11 of 2009 was reviewed and participants provided their comments. • Training on concepts, principles, importance, challenges and status of development of IWRM plans as the multi-sectoral approach to managing water resources in Tanzania across all nine (9) Water Basin Boards. • As one of the take-aways, Board members urged the directorate responsible for oversight of the WRM Act to make sure issues of climate change and its impact on water resources are fully incorporated in the Act as well as looking at how to advocate for meaningful gender and youth engagement in WRM.

WARIDI facilitated a final stakeholders’ workshop to review the Wami/Ruvu BWB Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Plan (IWRMD Plan). The workshop was attended by key water sector government leaders who committed to work closely with the BWB towards implementation of the plan. WARIDI supported finalizing the plan, which has been long waited by the Ministry of Water and other development partners to enable implementation of different sectorial plans. The support contributed to addressing IWRM issues including climate change and the Water Sector Development Programme Phase II (WSDP II) which will support implementation of some activities after the IWRMD Plan is finalized.

, WARIDI supported printing of 500 copies of newly released "Guidelines for Groundwater Exploration and Well Drilling". These guidelines are very important to guide groundwater development activities in the basins and ensure they are conducted by qualified experts using professional standards. The guidelines are also a tool to enable effective enforcement of the Water Resources Management Act, No 11 of 2009 and the Groundwater (Exploration and Drilling) Licensing Regulations, 2013. These guidelines will improve awareness among stakeholders and also enhance the ability of the Basin Water Boards to monitor and control water well drilling activities to ensure sustainability of the groundwater resources.

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Sustainability Training of the National Water Board members on climate change impacts in water resources management and gender and youth inclusion ensures improved ability of the Board to advise both the Minister of Water and Director of Water resources on decisions and sustainable solutions related to Water Resources Management.

Due to the abstraction survey activity, accompanied with awareness creation and updating of the abstraction databases, recognized water users are now known and will contribute to BWB revenue collection through payment of annual water fees. The introduction of a call center department at the Rufiji BWO will enable conducting follow-up on fees from different water users which will improve effective collection of revenues from all recognized water users.

SUB-TASK 2.1.1: Strengthen Management Capacity of NWB and BWB

DELIVERY KEY EXTERNAL INDI- QUART COMMENTS MAJOR MECHANI ACTORS/INSTIT CATOR ER INPUTS/ACTIV SM UTIONS ITIES

Support training to Consultative DWR Sustainabi Q1 Implemented in NWB members on meetings NWB lity Q1 and in Q4 cross sectoral with DWR, STTA WRM issues Training Workshops Support Consultative SWP Sustainabi Q2 Cancelled after stakeholders’ meetings, MoW lity & self- MOW received workshop for the STTA, Lake Victoria reliance support from review of Training BWB other DPs. With NAWAPO workshops STTA approval from USAID, Funds were re- allocated to final Stakeholders’ workshop to review and endorse the Draft (IWRMD) Plan for Wami/Ruvu Basin. Support end-line Performance MoW 2.4, 2.7 Q4 WARIDI will Capacity Assessment BWB not have active Assessment of Framework/ role. MoW has BWBs (PAF) STTA promised to share the report in Q1FY21 upon the ongoing exercise implemented by MoW

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Sub-Task: 2.1.2: Strengthen Governance and Management Capacity of 10 WUAs in the two BWBs

Through the facilitation of technical staff from BWBs, WARIDI and the District Facilitation Team (DFT) trained 10 Water User Associations (WUA), targeting at least 20 members from each WUA, on 15 different topics including governance and water resources management under a changing climate. The training focused on: Integrated water resources management; good governance of water resources; climate change and adaptation; conflict management and resolution; gender in water resource management; WRM Act and related laws; management and efficient use of water resources; water source protection and conservation techniques; collection of water resources data and information; leadership and management; planning and budgeting; financial management/book keeping; basic report writing skills; entrepreneurship and resources mobilization skills; and effective communication for WUAs. One of the challenges identified during the training was that WUAs have outdated constitutions and lacked clear mechanisms for working with village leaders. All WUAs requested support to review their constitutions to address these gaps. A workplan for the implementation of WUA activities was prepared including review of constitutions, and identification of illegal and unregistered abstraction/irrigation infrastructures.

WARIDI engaged a consultant who worked remotely, due to COVID-19, to review and produce draft WUA constitutions. The consultant worked with BWBs to engage actors/facilitators at ministry, basin, district and WUA levels through emails, Skype, mobile phones and one-on-one discussions to review and improve the constitutions for 10 WUAs. WARIDI supported WUAs as per the Capacity Development Plan developed by WARIDI and then revised the constitutions to address identified gaps including but not limited to the comprehensive representation of WUA members.

WARIDI held meetings made up of 15-20 members from each WUA to review the prepared/revised draft constitutions. Each WUA corrected the draft constitution based on feedback from WUA members. The process created a sense of ownership and mutual understanding of the revised constitution which will enable presentation of the constitutions during WUA General Meetings.

Sustainability The training interventions used a Training of Trainers (ToT) approach that engaged the Basin Water Boards (BWBs) and District Facilitation Teams (DFT) from Local Government Authorities (LGAs) which ensured trainings can be replicated easily for other WUAs. The training manual which covered all modules was shared with ToTs and BWBs to ensure the BWB can effectively train WUAs in the future.

Sustainable management and development of water resources also requires that WUA management structures and its functions be reviewed so as to respond to rapidly changing socio-economic conditions. The review of WUAs constitutions ensures they reflect requirements for effective participation, inclusiveness, transparency and accountability of all user groups and stakeholders in the management and governance of water resources, thus ensuring sustainability.

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SUB-TASK 2.1.2: Strengthen Governance and Management Capacity of 10 WUAs in the 2 BWBs MAJOR DELIVER KEY EXTERNAL INDI- QUART COMME INPUTS/ACTIV Y ACTORS/INSTITU ER NTS ITIES MECHAN TIONS CATOR ISM

Train 10 WUAs in BWB BWB 2.4, 2.9, Q1 (Six Trainings the identified key MoW LGA 2.8, 2.7, WUAs) completed capacity areas STTA MoW 2.5 Q2 (Four for all 10 Training WUAs) WUAs Review and Review BWB 2.1 Q3 (June) WUAs improve constitution LGA constitutio constitutions of 10 s, meeting ns WUAs reviewed, completed in Q4 Support end line BWB BWB 2.4, 2.7, Q4 (Sep) Delayed capacity LGA 2.8 due assessment of 10 Sustainabi COVID 19 WUA lity and planned in Q1 of YR21 Provision of basic Procuremen BWB Sustainabi Q4 (July) Will be working tools to t WUA lity implemente 10 WUAs LGA d in Q1 of - 8 motorcycles YR21

Sub-Task 2.1.3: Enhance Stakeholder Awareness, Consultation, Involvement, and Participation in IWRM Activities In FY20 WARIDI planned to support the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu BWBs to conduct a limited number of sensitization programs to reach more people with IWRM messages. A wide range of techniques and methodologies such as sensitization meetings, theatrical performances, newspaper articles, radio and television shows/talks, documentaries, and social media were expected to be used. However, there have been delays in the implementation of these activity due to COVID-19 due to restrictions in field travel and meetings which posed risks to communities and participants. The team is now cooperating with communication specialists and BWBs to ensure the activity is completed in Q1 of FY21. Sustainability Through supporting implementation of various activities stated in Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji Basin Water Board’s Communication Strategies, WARIDI will facilitate the BWBs to implement their IWRMD Plans. The plans are expected to facilitate management of increasing complexity, diversity and dynamics of water resources issues. The activity also ensures BWBs have prepared relevant information products for different audiences on key IWRM messages which supports improvements in public awareness, consultation and participation in Integrated Water Resources Management and hence sustainable water resources management.

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SUB-TASK 2.1.3: Enhance Stakeholder Awareness, Consultation and Involvement/Participation in IWRM Activities MAJOR DELIVERY KEY EXTERNAL INDI- QUART COMEN INPUTS/ACTIV MECHANIS ACTORS/INSTITU ER TS ITIES M TIONS CAT OR

Conduct re- Meetings/D BWB, Ngoma 2.9 Q3 Indicator sensitization ance and Africa, 2.8 target programme on Theatrical Media Houses achieved WRM issues to presentatio through communities ns Livelihoo within the 10 d and WUAs Grantees activities. Activity cancelled. Support wider Informatio MOW Habari, 2.9 Q1 To be stakeholders’ n products BWBs, (Dec) implemen awareness (Fact Key Media houses - Q2 ted in Q1 sensitization sheet) TV (Marc – Q2 programmes and Radio h) FY21 through Multiple Programs after approaches being put (IWRM, Source on hold protection, Water during security) COVID- 19

Task 2.2: Improve Data and Information Management for Decision Making Sub-Task 2.2.1: Upgrade and modernize data monitoring and information management systems During FY20 WARIDI continued assisting the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu BWB (BWBs) to improve their abilities to collect, manage and use hydrology and meteorology (hydromet) data for more effective decision making. WARIDI supported both BWBs to upgrade and modernize surface water and hydroclimate monitoring (measuring rainfall, temperature, wind, humidity and evaporation) through supporting the installation of automatic low-cost citizen science weather stations4; installation of water-level recorders, as well as improving the rating curves5; improving hydromet information; management of IT infrastructure; and supporting data quality control, validation, and management.

WARIDI worked with Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji BWBs technical staff and achieved the following: • Installation of the low-cost hydroclimate monitoring stations at the Rufiji Basin and Wami/Ruvu Basin was completed in collaboration with the BWBs and the citizen-science partners that include commercial farmers, Government Offices, and Secondary and Primary Schools. As part of the institutionalization of low-cost hydroclimate monitoring, WARIDI worked with the BWBs hydrologists and the community partners to address operations and maintenance issues and build

4 These are weather stations (measuring rainfall, temperature, wind, humidity and evaporation) installed within private and public institution premises and monitored by local partners. The partners could include commercial farms, hotels, hospitals, government facilities, NGOs and interested individuals. They are referred to as low-cost because they do not need day-to-day monitoring visits by Basin Water Board personnel. 5 A Rating Curve is a mathematical formula used to estimate the quantity of water flowing through a section of a river using river water level measurements recorded by river gauges

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their capacity to effectively operate and sustain the low-cost hydroclimate stations. See additional details in the Q1 report. • A series of high-quality discharge measurements with hydro-acoustic instruments were conducted on river Kilombero at Ifwema (1KB4) and Ifakara (IKB2C) stations. The rating model for hydro station 1KB4 was reviewed and updated. Discharge time series were recalculated with the improved rating model; on-the-job training for BWBs staff in the above activities was conducted. • The institutionalization of the low-cost hydroclimate monitoring was launched with active and constructive participation of the partners and BWBs. Two workshops were organized, one with the Citizen-Science partners of Rufiji Basin and one with those of Wami/Ruvu Basin. Twenty-three partners, 10 from Rufiji Basin and 13 from Wami/Ruvu Basin, attended the workshops. • The workshops helped the Citizen-Science partners to gain a deeper understanding of the importance of the hydroclimate data provided by the ambient weather stations, in the projection of the weather extremes of flood and drought and how to contribute to the socio-economic development of their communities and the nation. • The partners have expressed their interest, motivation, and engagement in seeing this work succeed. The partners at Rufiji Basin formed a WhatsApp user group in collaboration with the BWBs to share data and ideas. School teachers are using the hydroclimate monitoring stations to educate and raise awareness among children on climate in their geography classes and school environmental clubs. The irrigation manager and farm management team at the Bagamoyo Sugar Farm are using the ambient weather data for irrigation scheduling and have asked for assistance on calculation of evapotranspiration.

The following seven functions of the low-cost hydroclimate monitoring have been identified in collaboration with the partners and BWBs: 1) Low-Cost Hydroclimate Monitoring System Installation of the hydroclimate station, 2) Station operation and security, 3) Station maintenance, 4) Data collection and sharing, 5) Data quality control, validation, and management, 6) Development of information products, and 7) Data dissemination and reporting. The partners and the BWBs staff have collectively identified the responsible partners for each function and agreed to their respective roles as shown in Table 8 below.

Table 8: Partner Roles and Responsibilities No Function Lead Entity Supporting Entities(s) 1 Installation of hydroclimate BWB Partners station 2 Station operations and security Partners BWB 3 Station maintenance BWB Partners 4 Data collection and sharing Partners BWB 5 Data quality control, validation, BWB Partners and management

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No Function Lead Entity Supporting Entities(s)

6 Development of information BWB products 7 Data dissemination and reporting BWB

The partners and the BWBs representatives have agreed to prepare a memorandum of understanding (MOU) as a mechanism to translate their commitment in execution of their respective functions. • Recommendations were made by WARIDI to also institute the functions within the BWBs for the effective implementation and sustainability of these activity beyond the life of WARIDI. The establishment of following two units at each of the BWB was recommended: • Monitoring Unit: focused on installation, operation and maintenance, data collection. • Data management and Analysis Unit: focused on data management and quality control, development of information products, dissemination and reporting. • A series of solutions were developed to address operational issues reported by the partners during the workshop and via a WhatsApp discussion group. These issues are mainly related to power and instrument calibration. • Conducted low-cost hydroclimate station training, including data quality control, equipment troubleshooting, site selection, instrument operation, troubleshooting, and repair. About five people attended at each basin office. • Initiated and completed installation of seven (7) SEBA Dataloggers in Rufiji BWB and five (5) in Wami Ruvu BWB. SEBA dataloggers provide the BWB with ability to collect Water level automatically and at preferred time intervals together with opportunity to verify data collected manually by gauge readers. Three staff from Wami/Ruvu BWB joined the installation of one datalogger in Rufiji Basin at Mtitu river in Kilolo District where they learnt and gained expertise which helped them to install their five procured dataloggers through WARIDI. All SEBA dataloggers were set to record water levels at interval of one hour and will provide adequate information to the basins, which is essential for the flood forecasting and general management of water resources. Seven Dataloggers in Rufiji BWB were installed at Mtitu river at Mtitu in Kilolo DC, Lutaki river at Ukami in Mufindi DC, Ndembela Rirver at Ilongo in Mufindi DC, Kidatu river at Kidatu, in Kilombero DC, Kimani river at GNR in Mbarali DC, Hagafilo river at Hagafilo in Njombe TC and Nambecha river at Nambecha in Namtumbo DC. Wami ruvu BWB installed their Dataloggers in Mvuha at Tulo and Mvuha at Mngazi in Morogoro DC, Diwale river at Mvomero DC, Lukigula river at Kilindi DC and Mzinga river at Morogoro MC. • The radar sensor equipment for river water level monitoring was tested and is ready for installation. Procedures were developed to include the radar water level data in Aquarius. A training program for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the water level radar sensors was prepared. The installation of the sensors on the selected bridges will be done in Q1 of FY21 under the supervision of representative from the Tanzania roads authority. • Supported BWBs staff in completing the tagging6 of surface-water metadata and the migration of surface water level data and flow measurements data in AQUARIUS. • Supported BWBs staff in tagging rainfall and evapotranspiration (ET) metadata and starting the migration of rainfall and ET data in AQUARIUS. • Developed a template for station report explaining rating curves development and status, based on US Geological Survey templates for the BWBs.

WARIDI continued supporting the BWBs in instituting low-cost hydroclimate monitoring, developed their capacity for implementation of QA/QC procedures for checking and validating hydrological data, and procured equipment/tools and services for proper data backup and sustainability. The following was achieved:

6 Tagging encodes the purpose of monitoring at each station, to enable better searching, discovery, and reporting.

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● Conducted training on QA/QC of surface water data for both Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu hydrologist. The training included: o Description and presentation of the QA/QC process and procedures supported by inbuilt Aquarius tools. The QA/QC procedures cover three approval levels. They are based on systematic peer review and subsequent approval by senior hydrologists building on the collective field knowledge available at the BWB Offices. o Hands-on training of QA/QC for checking and validation of water level data sets, river discharge measurements, and rating curves. ● Detailed station reports were prepared/updated for Mgeta at Mgeta, Ruvu at Kidunda, Lukigura at Kimamba, Lumemo at Kiburubutu and Little Ruaha at Ndiuka. These reports will support the rating curves and station data during the assessment for the Hydrological Yearbook. ● Detailed responses were prepared to the comments made by the Hydrological Yearbook team on the surface monitoring stations of Luipa at Mbingu, Mpanga at Mission, Mnyera at Tawete, and Lumemo at Kiburubutu. All four stations are now qualified for inclusion in the November 2020 version of the Hydrological Yearbook of 2010-2019 based on the criteria developed by the Ministry of Water (MoW). ● Data errors were observed in the stations that were quality controlled. This points out the need for the institutionalization of the QA/QC, validation, and management of hydrological data. WARIDI recommends this task should be led at the national level by the MoW for harmonization of the procedures for all BWBs in the country building on lessons learned in the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu BWBs. ● The migration of hydroclimate and groundwater data into AQUARIUS has been impacted due to the ban of international travel as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. A contingency plan for activities that can be done remotely by W4L consultants during next quarter is presented hereafter. ● The institutionalization of the low-cost hydroclimate monitoring has also been impacted by COVID19 pandemic. A contingency plan for activities that can be done remotely by W4L consultants during next quarter is presented hereafter. ● Detailed specifications for Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) for the Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji BWBs were prepared and purchased.

WARIDI continued to collaborate with the Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji Basin Water Boards (BWBs) by providing support towards improving their capacity in collecting, managing, and using reliable hydromet information for effective decision making on water resources management. For upgrading the data monitoring and information systems, WARIDI supported the BWBs in instituting low-cost hydroclimate monitoring, developed their capacity to implement QA/QC procedures for checking and validating hydrological data, and procured equipment/tools and services for proper data backup and sustainability. Activities under this sub-task supported by a US-based subcontractor (W4L) were conducted remotely due to the suspension of international travel as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The following home-base support activities were achieved: ● Developed educational material for operation and maintenance of the low-cost hydroclimate stations. This material presents detailed guidelines and instructions for the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu Basins hydrologists and the citizen science partners to properly operate and maintain the hydroclimate stations. It also includes instruction for data retrieval, checking and transfer to Aquarius database. ● Developed and documented evaporation calculations using the hydroclimate data. The documentation includes a concise description of the calculation of the evaporation using Penman equation to help the BWBs hydrologists to use the calculation for basins water balance and citizens partners, particularly farmers to improve irrigation scheduling and water use efficiency.

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● Provided remote support and instructions to partners for the operation and maintenance of the installed low-cost stations and address arising issues mainly through the WhatsApp Citizen Science Groups. ● Developed and delivered scripts to enable custom AQUARIUS-derived reports. Instructions were provided for installing the “R” programming language environment, and basic support scripts were provided for setting this environment up to access AQUARIUS in the BWBs. ● Developed and delivered custom report that mimics the Annual Hydrological Yearbook format. Based on email communications with BWBs, a script was developed to begin producing more automated information products from AQUARIUS. Because the script is in the “R” environment, more analysis and custom formatting of the data would be possible than the reports that are built-in to AQUARIUS.

Sustainability • The educational material for operation and maintenance of the low-cost hydroclimate stations is a major element for the institutionalization and sustainability of hydroclimate monitoring in the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu Basins. It will also pave the way for replicating citizen science community- based hydroclimate monitoring in other basins. • The production of the Hydrological Yearbook 2010-2019 by MoW has proved to be a very powerful catalyst to improve the quality of the water data at the Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji BWBs. Accordingly, the data QA/QC exercise initiated by WARIDI received a lot of support from BWB management; it is essential for developing reliable data products. The HYB can be accessed through the Ministry’s website at the link: https://www.maji.go.tz/uploads/publications/sw1589377248- Hydrological%20Year%20Book%20%202010%20-%202019.pdf • WARIDI supported quality assurance and quality control in data which was fully supported by the BWB management which is essential for developing reliable data products. • Institutionalizing the data QA/QC process is more advanced at the Rufiji BWB than at the Wami/Ruvu BWB. This is probably because of changes in the Aquarius team at the latter BWB. Hence it is advised to provide more support to the Wami/Ruvu BWB during the next mission.

SUB-TASK 2.2.1: Upgrade and modernize data monitoring and information management systems

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUART COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIV MECHANISM EXTERNAL ER ITIES ACTORS/ CATOR INSTITUTI ONS Completion of STTA/PARTNE BWB, W4L Sustainab Q1 (Nov Reschedule to installation of RSHIP ility - be implemented water level Dec) in Q1 of FY21 sensors due COVID-19 situation Rating curve STTA BWB Sustainab Q1 Done upgrading ility (Nov) Develop and STTA/PARTNE BWB, W4L Sustainab Q2 (Feb Done implement QA and RSHIP ility – March) QC procedures for data 2.9

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SUB-TASK 2.2.1: Upgrade and modernize data monitoring and information management systems

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUART COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIV MECHANISM EXTERNAL ER ITIES ACTORS/ CATOR INSTITUTI ONS acquisitions to sharing of products Complete STTA/PARTNE BWB, W4L Sustainab Q2 (Feb To be migration of RSHIP ility – March) completed/depe hydroclimate and nding on groundwater data international into AQUARIUS authorization due COVID-19 situation Institutionalization PARTNERSHIPS W4L, BWB, Sustainab Q1 Partially of low-cost LGAs, ility (Nov) - implemented hydroclimate RUWASA, Q4 (July) remotely due to monitoring RCMRD COVID-19 Formal and hands- PARTNERSHIP BWB, 2.8, 2.9 Q1–Q4 Postponed due on training on RCMRD, to COVID-19, above activities W4L, TMA expected in Q1 FY21 Procurement of Procurement, BWB, W4L Sustainab Q1–Q3 Completed equipment/ tools POs ility and services for proper data backup and sustainability of interventions

Sub-Task 2.2.2 Rufiji Basin Environmental Flow Assessment (EFA) WARIDI completed the following tasks related to the enhancement of the IRRIP2 Environmental Flow Assessment (EFA) in collaboration with the Rufiji BWB: • Completed ADCP measurements and improvement/development of rating curves at the five (5) EFA enhancement sites namely Kilombero at Ifakara, Kilombero at Ifwema, Luipa at Mbingu, Mnyera at Tawete, and Mpanga at Mission. Discharge time series were recalculated with the improved rating model; on-the-job training for BWBs staff in the above activities was conducted. See additional details in the Q1 report. • Prepared the methodology and workplan for updating the Environmental Flow Assessment (EFA) and initiated the implementation of the workplan. • Started hydrologic analysis for the 5 IRRIP2 stations. The improved discharge timeseries— calculated with the new rating models developed in Aquarius and based on the ADCP flow measurements conducted last year—were compared with the previous timeseries based on HYDATA. Significant changes in the hydrologic regime for some of the 5 rivers were observed. This clearly justifies the review and update of the environmental flow requirements.

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● Established enhanced EFA requirements for the five IRRIP2 stations for each category of the hydrological conditions by interpolating between high and low flow ecological requirements. ● Reviewed the enhanced hydrological time series that serves as input for the EFA. ● Started the update of the EFA by interpolating between high and low flow ecological requirements based on the existing hydraulic analysis and related ecological requirements.

WARIDI completed the enhancement of the IRRIP2 EFA-Activities during the reporting period. This included the complete update of the EFA by interpolating between high and low flow ecological requirements based on the existing hydraulic analysis and related ecological requirements. The EF requirements for high flows for the maintenance year and drought year, improved the understanding of the pulse flows, and highlighted shortfalls that are mainly related to missing high flow water level observations and field streamflow measurements as indicated by the EFA report. The EFA enhancement report is available in the Q3 report.

The EF recommendations in the Kilombero basin should be further enhanced and updated on a regular basis as more reliable data becomes available from the modernized hydromet system in the basin. It is recommended to update them, once every five years, to take stock of the historical data improvement and account for the impact of foreseeable climate change on the hydrological regime in the basin.

To benefit from the enhancement of the environmental flow requirements, it is recommended to integrate these requirements in water permitting for upstream water use for irrigation and flow regulation by new hydropower dams to support biodiversity conservation and sustainable development in the Kilombero Basin.

Sustainability The approach and methodology for the enhancement of Rufiji Basin EFA can be used to update EFAs in other river basins. BWB staff received hands-on training in all aspects of the hydrological data acquisition, processing, and analysis during the field and subsequent data analyses at the Iringa office.

SUB-TASK 2.2.2: Rufiji Basin Environmental Flow (EFA) MAJOR DELIVER KEY EXTERNAL INDI- QUART COMME INPUTS/ACTIV Y ACTORS/INSTITU ER NTS ITIES MECHAN TIONS CATOR ISM

Conduct a limited PARTNERS BWB Sustainabi Q2 Compl set of targeted HIP STTA lity eted discharge measurements with the Sontek ADCP in the Kilombero basin Enhancement of PARTNERS RBWB/STTA 2.4, Q1- Compl the IRRIP2 EFA HIP 2.9 Q2 eted

Task 2.3 Climate Change Studies and Analysis to Support Implementation of WARIDI Interventions SUB-TASK 2.3.1: Improvement of Wami Ruvu and Rufiji Basin Water Boards capacity in meteorological assessments and hydrological modeling through the integration of earth observations

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A training workshop on Hydrological Modelling with Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) Model to Support Streamflow Monitoring and Forecasting in the Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu Basins was conducted online using Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD)’s e-learning platform. This training was planned to be conducted in person but was suspended due to COVID-19. Participants from Rufiji, Wami/Ruvu BWB, TMA and others were given a password to access the prepared training materials in video, PDF and power point presentations. The training was self-paced with opportunities for remote interaction with the trainers. The RCMRD in Kenya and the NASA Science Coordination Office (SCO) under SERVIR Eastern and Southern Africa were leading this training with coordination support from WARIDI. The topics covered were i. Hydrological cycle and hydrological modelling overview; ii. VIC hydrological Model overview; iii. Earth Observation & Satellite data mining and processing for VIC Model pre-processing in Google Earth Engine, ArcGIS/QGIS; iv. Introduction to Google Earth Engine and java script; v. VIC data pre-processing in Google Earth Engine; vi. ERA5 and Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) data access and pre-processing; vii. Installation of VM; viii. Introduction to Linux command; ix. VIC setup, scripts and parameter files; x. VIC model set-up, simulation, calibration and validation; xi. Model results overview, interpretation, usability and application for water resources management decision within the basin.

During Q1 a joint workshop was supported by WARIDI in which RCMRD trained the BWBs on quality control of rainfall datasets using World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standards. This training was complemented by training on other procedures that are publicly available from published literature.

WARIDI and RCMRD merged the quality-controlled rainfall data with earth observation (EO) generated rainfall estimates from CHIRPS and validated the output data against stations. The EO blended outputs cover the period 1981-2018. This collaboration with the BWBs and MOW will continue to advance the development of high quality gridded and EO blended climatology for the two basins.

In Q2 RCMRD and WARIDI continued to process decadal (10-day) rainfall data from rainfall stations and hydromet stations in the two basins. Quality control for all rainfall stations was completed.

A journal article was submitted and published by Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) Sustainability journal in the Climate Risk and Vulnerability mapping special issue. The paper covers work done under climate vulnerability mapping for Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji Basins in phase two of the climate change adaptation study. Authors are from RCMRD and WARIDI with acknowledgements to the co-development team drawn from various government and non-government agencies.

The WARIDI team prepared and submitted three abstracts for presentation during the Maji Week scientific conference. All were accepted. As part of precautionary measures against Coronavirus infection, the Ministry of Water cancelled all events associated with Maji Week 2020. Sustainability The co-generation approach and collaboration with RCMRD has proven to be an excellent mode of technology and skills transfer. This approach was first used in the climate vulnerability hotspots mapping, by working with and regularly engaging a co-development team (CDT) of experts drawn from key technical areas (e.g., hydrology, environment, meteorology) in the BWBs. It is complemented by the use of open source tools for data management like GeoCLIM, VIC and data integration like QGIS and Remote Sensing. In combination, and with regular backstopping by the RCMRD team, the CDT is able to apply the skills outside of classes/training venues. Additionally, opportunities for fund raising are being explored to upscale the climate services that WARIDI and RCMRD are jointly providing to the BWBs beyond the funding from SERVIR and WARIDI.

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Subtask 2.3.1: Improvement of Wami Ruvu and Rufiji Basin Water Boards capacity in meteorological assessments and hydrological modeling through the integration of earth observations

MAJOR DELIVER KEY EXTERNAL INDICATO QUAR COMME INPUTS/ACTI Y ACTORS/INSTIT RS TER NTS VITIES MECHA UTIONS NISM

Improvement of STTA BWBs, RCMRD, 2.3 Q1 Complete hydrological data W4L, TMA (Oct), d Partnership 2.9 management and Q2 (Jan- inclusion of Earth 2.8 Feb) Observation in 2.7 BWB data stream

On-the-job BWBs, RCMRD, 2.3 Q1 Complete Stations-satellite W4L, TMA (Nov) d Partnership 2.9 data blending and Development of 2.8 thematic 2.7 products using GeoCLIM

Hydrological BWBs, RCMRD, 2.3 Q2 Implement assessments W4L, TMA ed in Q4 Partnership 2.9 (including historical water 2.8 availability 2.7 assessments and forecasts based on improved hydrometric data)

Integration of STTA RCMRD, BWB, W4L 2.3, Q2 Delayed. gridded data with 2.4 To be Partnership AQUARIUS completed Sustai in FY21 nabilit depending y on USAID approval due to COVID- 19

Development of STTA RCMRD, BWB, W4L 2.3 Q2 Implement products to ed trough Partnership communicate VIC model rainfall and online streamflow training trends

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Sub-Task 2.3.2: Promoting Community Climate Resilience through development and administration of Village Land Use Plans in three (3) CC hotspots in Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu basins as well as facilitating Adoption of Integrated Water and Land Management Planning Approaches During the reporting period WARIDI supported printing of the Nguyami – Gairo DC, Msufini – Mvomero DC and Magana – Kilolo DC Village Land Use Plans (LUP) and by-laws for submission to the District Councils for approval and signing. Kilolo and Mvomero District Councils approved and signed the LUPs while Gairo is still pending approval and signature. The signed documents were sent to the National Land Use Commission for gazettement.

Trainings for LUP Management Teams and para-surveyors on use of Mobile Application for Secure Tenure (MAST) was completed in Q1 with a total of 54 para-surveyors from respective villages participating. Each village had 18 para-surveyors (equal number of females and males). They were trained on land policies, roles and responsibilities of para-surveyors and how to use MAST program to collect important information for preparation of CCROs. Parcel demarcations for the three villages of Magana, Msufini and Nguyami were completed with the total number of land parcels demarcated being 1,969 (i.e. 946 Nguyami, 462 Msufini and 561 Magana).

Four (4) district officers (2 from Kilolo, 1 Gairo and 1 Mvomero) were trained on how to use MAST program when issuing CCROs. This session was organized to help the district officers broaden their understanding and capacity on the following: • Installing district specific maps and project data in the system • Testing and reviewing of data before actual land demarcation in the project villages • Proper data handling during and after field surveys • Data processing, public display and verification • Printing and filling of CCROs

WARIDI worked with the USAID Land Tenure Assistance Activity (LTA), the National Land Use Commission, and District Land Offices to train community Para surveyors to collect data using GPS- enhanced tablets integrated with the Mobile Application to Secure Tenure (MAST) system to map, record and document land and resource rights. 1,960 CCROs in the villages of Magana, Msufini and in Nguyami were issued to community members. Additional details on this activity are included in the Q2 report.

The work associated with development and administration of village land use plans in hotspots villages was largely completed during Q2. However, in Q3 communications continued with the selected LGAs and village officials as a way to follow up on the status of implementation, endorsement and approval of the Plans. All three LUPs were endorsed at Village and District levels and were submitted to the National Land Use Planning Commission for gazettement. Also, in Q3, a learning story titled “Land Use Planning Helps Protect Natural Resources and Prevent Land Conflicts in Communities” was prepared and published in the WARIDI’s Newsletter and on the USAID Website.

Sustainability Having land use plans and CCROs in place represents a critical step in addressing misuse of natural resources (i.e. land, forests and water resources) as well as addressing associated societal conflicts that are increasingly becoming the norm in these areas following population growth and climate change threats. Therefore, these adaptation measures will help to ensure sustainable use and protection of such scarce but crucial resources for village resilience. Additionally, development of these tools is being done collaboratively with the National Land Use Commission and Local Government Authorities including the village governments and individual community members in selected villages. By “leading from behind” with the Participatory Land Use Management (PLUM) team effectively initiating and leading land use planning activities, WARIDI is ensuring capacity is built and members from the LGAs can continue this work after WARIDI’s exit.

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Task 2.3.2: Promoting Community Climate Resilience through development and administration of Village Land Use Plans in 3 CC hotspots in Rufiji and Wami-Ruvu basins as well as facilitating Adoption of Integrated Water and Land Management Planning Approaches

MAJOR DELIVER KEY EXTERNAL INDICAT QUART COMEN INPUTS/ACTIV Y ACTORS/INSTITU ORS ER TS ITIES MECHAN TIONS ISM

Facilitate STTA, NLUC, BWB, LGAs, 2.3, 2.8, 2.9 Q1 Complet Implementation of WARIDI Local communities ed Village Land Administration

Hold hand- over STTA, USAID, NLUC, BWB, Q2 Complet ceremony for WARIDI LGAs, Local ed 2.3, 2.8, 2.9 VLUPs and communities CCROs for the hotspot villages

Task 2.4 Access to Sustainable MUS through COWSO Strengthening SUB-TASK 2.4.1 Sustainable Services through COWSO Strengthening In FY20 WARIDI continued to work in collaboration with RUWASA to provide technical support to COWSOs managing WARIDI supported water supply schemes, including the formation/transformation and training of 15 CBWSOs.

CBWSO Formation and Training WARIDI’s approach to rural water institutional support changed in FY20 due to the introduction of the new Water Act No. 05 of 2019 which directs RUWASA to transform existing COWSOs into CBWSOs. In FY20 WARIDI supported RUWASA to form and register 15 CBWSOs at its water construction sites, which involved clustering CBWSOs from several schemes in Kilosa, Gairo, Morogoro, Mvomero and Ulanga DC. Nine of the 15 certificates have been received, see Annex 10.

In Kilosa DC, four CBWSOs were formed: 1. DUKI covering Dumila, Kitete & Mfulu 2. BEMAMA covering Berega-Mgugu, Maguha & Magubike 3. KIMARU covering Kimamba A, Kimamba B, & Rudewa water projects, (as part of WARIDI’s partnership with Equity Bank) 4. MSOMVU covering Msowero and Mvumi (as part of WARIDI’s partnership with Equity Bank)

In Ulanga DC five new CBWSOs were formed: 1. Mwaya covering Mwaya, Chikwela, Nkongo and Libenanga schemes 2. Lukande covering Gombe and Lukande 3. Chikuti 4. Isyaga 5. Igumbilo

In Mvomero DC, one CBWSO was formed:

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1. MHESU covering BUMKI, Hembeti and Sungaji (as part of WARIDI’s partnership with Equity Bank)

In Morogoro DC, two CBWSOs were formed: 1. Duthumi 2. Ngerengere, covering Ngerengere and Sinyaluime schemes

In Gairo DC, three CBWSOs were formed: 1. CHAKI, covering Chakwale and Kimashale villages 2. MANGHOSA covering Madege, Ngholongo and Sanganjelu villages 3. Nguyami

Each newly formed CBWSO was trained by RUWASA with support from WARIDI on the new Water Act No. 05 of 2019, communications, roles and responsibilities, understanding stakeholders and their responsibilities, water service technologies, operations and maintenance, gender and youth inclusion in water services, climate change, and tariff setting and financial management.

WARIDI will also support the formation of a CBWSO covering Mbigiri and Magole schemes in Q1 of FY21.

Technical Support to COWSOs In FY20 WARIDI provided technical support to completed water projects with COWSOs (Lugalo, Nyanzwa, Maduma, Nyameni, Maharaka, Ilakala, Nguyami Sonjo, Lukicha and Miki) on setting sustainable water tariffs, financial management, meter reading, facility management planning, water safety planning including sanitary inspections, and operations and maintenance. WARIDI also trained them on Gender Integration and Youth Inclusion (GIYI) and climate change adaptation. WARIDI will continue to provide minimal support post commissioning of each scheme to ensure sustainability. Technical support was reduced in Q3 due to concerns around COVID-19. However, WARIDI resumed support in Q4 and continued following COVID-19 precautions, including keeping meetings small and outdoors where possible.

Rural Water Use Permitting The engagement team continued to support COWSOs/CBWSOs to process water use permits. The permits are authorized by Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji Basin Water Boards in order to allow communities to extract sustainable quantities from proposed sources. Table 9 below shows status on water use permits for each COWSO/CBWSO.

Table 9: Water Permit Status by Scheme Scheme LGA Drilling Water Use Permit Permit 1 Nyanzwa Kilolo N/A Yes 2 Lugalo Kilolo N/A Yes 3 Maduma Mufindi N/A Yes 4 Kibengu- Mufindi N/A Yes Usokami 5 Sonjo Kilombero N/A Yes 6 Miki Kilombero N/A Yes 7 Lukicha Kilombero N/A Yes 8 Mwaya- Ulanga Yes Yes Chikwela 9 Igumbilo Ulanga Yes Yes 10 Chikuti Ulanga N/A Yes 11 Isyaga Ulanga N/A Yes

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Scheme LGA Drilling Water Use Permit Permit 12 Gombe- Ulanga N/A Yes Lukande 13 Nguyami Gairo Yes Yes 14 Chakwale- Gairo Yes Yes Madege 15 Magole Kilosa N/A Yes 16 Mbigiri Kilosa Yes Yes 17 Mandela Kilosa N/A Yes 18 Nyameni Kilosa N/A Yes 19 Ilakala Kilosa Yes Yes 20 Berega- Kilosa N/A Yes Mgugu 21 Kitete Kilosa Yes Yes 22 Mfulu Kilosa Yes Yes 23 BUMKI Mvomero N/A Yes 24 Maharaka Mvomero Yes Yes 25 Duthumi Morogoro N/A Yes 26 Sinyaulime Morogoro N/A N/A 27 Ngerengere Morogoro N/A Yes

Challenges During the course of providing technical support to COWSOs/CBWSOs in managing completed water supply projects, WARIDI experienced political interference against the enforcement of water tariffs. For example, in Sonjo, the then Kilombero District Commissioner Hon. James Ihunyo ordered that no new water tariff will be enforced until Q1 of FY21. For MIKI gravity water scheme, the ruling party ward leaders refused to accept the newly set tariff and guided community members to not accept the new water tariff or meter reading. The WARIDI team in collaboration with RUWASA and the LGA worked closely with the COWSOs/CBWSOs to endorse the new water tariffs as per government guidelines. WARIDI has experienced on-going challenges on tariff setting and revenue collection due to COVID-19 which led to the waiver of water fees as well as due to elections scheduled for October this year. WARIDI will continue to provide guidance to RUWASA and COWSOs/CBWSOs on the importance of water tariffs. However, there will be fewer opportunities for success in the remaining months of the Activity.

Other challenges included the resignation of COWSO members triggered by the new Water Act due to the change in composition of the CBWSO water committee and the directive from RUWASA that all COWSOs should be reformed into CBWSOs. However, WARIDI has worked closely with RUWASA to ensure that existing COWSOs that were trained through WARIDI stay in place until RUWASA has clear plans for transformation into CBWSOs. WARIDI is supporting CBWSO formation at projects where the COWSO had not been previously trained by WARIDI.

During CBWSO formation, RUWASA offices prioritized clustering, which worked smoothly in Ulanga, Mvomero and Morogoro DCs. However, in Kilosa DC the office has encountered several challenges including some COWSOs rejecting clustering due to being clustered with underperforming COWSOs, fear of poor water service, and due to unequal representation between villages during elections. WARIDI held a “pause and reflect” meeting with Kilosa DC in September to review challenges to date and see how improvements can be made. The meeting identified several recommendations on the way forward including that RUWASA will work with the LGA to resolve intra-village conflicts, to hold regular CBWSO meetings, and that RUWASA should provide regular technical support to each CBWSO at least once a month. WARIDI will continue to advise RUWASA to spend additional time

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to work with the newly formed CBWSOs to ensure all villages have equal participation and that underperforming schemes are prioritized for support.

In-kind grants for COWSO Repairs WARIDI awarded an in-kind grant to RUWASA Njombe in Q3 and to RUWASA Wanging’ombe in Q4. The grants are supporting RUWASA to make improvements to five water supply schemes (four in Njombe and one in Wanging’ombe), which will serve approximately 9,033 people. These schemes were supported under WARIDI’s COWSO strengthening grant program but needed further hardware improvements to be fully functional. Supported schemes include, Ihang’ana, Isoliwaya, Ikondo, Igombola, and Isiigeide. The scope of work and current status of the in-kind grants supported water schemes in Njombe and Wanging’ombe is summarised on Table 10 below.

Table 10: Scope of Work and Current Status of In-kind grants Water Schemes

LGA Scheme SOW Progress as of Sept 2020 Njombe DC Isoliwaya ● Construction of intake ● Construction of intake ● Construction of 45m3 sump structure material well mobilization is on progress ● Installation of submersible ● Construction of 45m3 pump and training for sump well completed to scheme caretakers stage of top slab, only ● Electricity installation external wall plastering, ● Excavation, Pipe laying and skimming and painting backfilling remained ● Construction of pump ● Installation not yet started- house waiting for pump delivery from vendor before 15th October ● Electricity installation not yet started – vendor paid advance; installation will be completed by 15th October ● Trench excavation and pipe laying not started – waiting for pipes and fittings delivery to site before 10th October ● Construction of pump house – materials mobilization at site on progress Ikondo ● Construction of 30m3 sump ● Construction of 30m3 well sump well completed to ● Installation of submersible stage of top slab internal pump and training for plastered walls are curing scheme caretakers ● Installation of submersible ● Excavation, Pipe laying and pump not started waiting backfilling for pumps delivery before 15th October ● Trench excavation and pipe laying not started waiting for pipes delivery

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LGA Scheme SOW Progress as of Sept 2020 to site before 10th October Igombola ● Intake structure ● Intake works not started improvement ● Trench excavation and ● Installation of 10m3 plastic pipe laying and tank storage tank installation waiting for ● Excavation, Pipe laying and delivery of pipes to site backfilling before 10th October Ihang’ana ● Electricity connection to ● Electricity connection to Pump house pump house completed- ● Excavation, Pipe laying and waiting for testing of the backfilling pipeline when pipes repair will be completed ● Excavation and pipe laying waiting for pipes delivery to site before 10th October Wanging’ombe Isiigeide ● Construction of 6 new DPs ● Mobilization of DC ● Excavation, Pipe laying and construction materials backfilling ● Excavation and pipe laying are waiting for pipes and fittings delivery to site before 10th October

Various issues have slowed progress on site and should be taken as lessons learned for future programming: • The selected sites are distant from Njombe Town and RUWASA Njombe has several larger projects they are supporting, making the in-kind grant a low-priority. RUWASA Njombe has only been providing one mason to complete works, so the projects cannot be implemented concurrently as the mason moves from site to site. • RUWASA has limited capacity for staffing and transport which makes it difficult for them to support several small and scattered projects. • In Isiigeide, the flow rate to the storage tanks was insufficient. WARIDI supported RUWASA to assess the gravity main of the system to understand the issues preventing water flow to the storage tanks which required more WARIDI supervision and assistance than anticipated. The flow issues have been resolved in many cases except for some pipe cuts that exist along the gravity main and which are being followed up on by the proper authorities. • The sites were selected based on RUWASA’s recommendation, putting them in the “driver’s seat” of the process. However, it was found that additional design work would be required to ensure proper layout and confirm flow rates which was supported by WARIDI in limited cases. • WARIDI has found that the level of involvement from WARIDI on in-kind grants is similar to that of direct construction requiring frequent site visits with RUWASA to provide advisory, while the risks are much higher since RUWASA is not under the same obligation as a WARIDI subcontractor. RUWASA is responsible for all monitoring, oversight of construction activities including worker safety with WARIDI providing limited technical assistance, advisory on design and quality assurance of RUWASA-constructed water schemes.

Due to these schedule delays the grant period was extended from September 30th to November 15th, 2020 for Njombe and November 9th for Wanging’ombe.

Sustainability

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WARIDI is working directly with RUWASA to rehabilitate these schemes which will build their capacity. RUWASA will also be forming and training CBWSOs for each scheme and setting tariffs to ensure sustainability.

SUB-TASK 2.4.1 Sustainable Services through COWSO Strengthening

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA R S ES M L ACTORS CATO R Meet with LGA and Meetings RUWASA Q1 Completed Regional RUWASA managers to introduce WARIDI (if necessary) and establish working modalities in each LGA Design one to two Grant LGA, Q1 Completed small grants to support RUWASA COWSOs and RUWASA to make repairs in limited number of LGAs Implement one to two Grant LGA, 1.1 Q2-Q4 Grant small grants to support RUWASA awarded to COWSOs to make RUWASA repairs Njombe in June and to RUWASA Wanging’omb e in July Form seven new Institutional RUWASA 2.4 Q1 15 CBWSOs CBWSOs under Support and formed per WARIDI construction Engagement the projects Team requirements (Training) of RUWASA Train 7 new CBWSOs Institutional RUWASA 2.5, 2.7, Q1 15 CBWSOs and 1 existing CBWSO Support and 2.9 trained under WARIDI Engagement construction projects Team (Training) Provide technical Institutional RUWASA Q1-Q4 On-going support to 27 Support and technical COWSOs/CBWSOs Engagement support to 15 under WARIDI Team CBWSOs construction projects

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SUB-TASK 2.4.1 Sustainable Services through COWSO Strengthening

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA R S ES M L ACTORS CATO R Support 27 Institutional RUWASA, Q1-Q2 Completed, COWSOs/CBWSOs Support and Basin permits for 26 to obtain water Engagement schemes permits as required Team secured under WARIDI construction projects Provide technical Institutional RUWASA Q1-Q2 Technical support to five Support and support COWSOs/CBWSOs Engagement started in Q1 working with Equity Team and continued Bank throughout the year

2.3 Intermediate Result 3: Increased Livelihoods through Private Sector Investment Opportunities for Sustainable Water Services and Water Resource Management

Task 3.1 Strategic Partnerships

Sub Task 3.1.1 Strategic Partnership Implementation and Scaling In Q4 and FY20, the WARIDI partnership team accomplished the following:

eWaterPay Partnership: Finalized review of the eWaterPay Partnership evaluation report and conducted community and stakeholders’ evaluation feedback meetings with MSOMVU CBWSO (formerly the Mvumi and Msowero COWSOs, which have merged). To ensure the eWaterPay partnership with MSOMVU is sustained beyond the end of the Activity, WARIDI continued supporting stakeholders to take on partnership coordination activities. RUWASA and the MSOMVU CBWSO took on more of a leading role, with WARIDI providing backstopping through remote support during this transition period. Also, eWaterPay upgraded its online reporting system to include details of sales of each water point in its monthly revenue statement. This will help CBWSOs to monitor monthly sales of individual water points as compared to the previous report which only showed cumulative monthly sales.

WARIDI developed an impact story for eWaterPay “Pre-paid Meters Promise Increased Water Access for Rural Tanzanians.” which was approved by USAID and disseminated widely with stakeholders across different platforms, including the Tetra Tech and Resonance websites, LinkedIn and Twitter.

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Medentech Partnership: WARIDI conducted a close-out meeting with Medentech to reflect on the partnership. The meeting was informed by the final evaluation which was conducted in Q2. Key take-aways from the reflection meeting included:

• Overall 75% of the partnership objectives were met. The pilot provided an opportunity for testing Aquatabs Flo and Inline products in the context of a large community water distribution system, treatment cartridge usage rates were estimated and a chlorine residual of 0.2-0.5ppm was reached though not consistently. • The partnership provided Medentech valuable lessons on the real-world application of their treatment technology. These included the most effective positioning of the treatment component for optimum chlorine residuals (outlet pipe from the water storage tanks) and the need to lower the price of Medentech treatment cartridges to compete with other products in the market. These learnings will inform Medentech strategies as they plan to commercialize their products in Tanzania. • The partnership was unable to establish product supply chain to scale up following the pilot, as Medentech did not reach a satisfactory pricing agreement with any distributors located in Tanzania. Further plans to develop a distribution network were stalled by the COVD-19 pandemic. • Some challenges encountered during partnership included:  Unpredictable functionality of the water distribution system at Mvumi made water availability for testing unpredictable  The outbreak of COVID-19 hindered expansion of the partnership, especially selection of a distributor and development of a Medentech water treatment products supply chain.  Delays in setting up supply chain led to the de-installation of the system at Mvumi, as CBWSO officials decided to use a more readily available treatment product.

LIXIL Partnership: During Q4, 422 LIXIL improved latrine pan products were sold in WARIDI LGAs through both WARIDI supported B2B meetings (356 products) and LIXIL mason trainings (66 products), bringing the total to 4,932 sold since the beginning of the partnership. Based on SATO sales, an estimated 24,6607 people in WARIDI areas have gained access to improved sanitation. Other key achievements for the LIXIL partnership implementation for this reporting period includes:

• A total of 131 MEs (91 men and 40 women) participated in 8 LIXIL B2B meetings where 13 distribution contracts were entered into between LIXIL and SATO wholesalers to continue supplying SATO products in their areas. • Four mason training sessions were conducted in 10 WARIDI LGAs, where a total of 76 masons (70 men and 6 women) were trained on how to install SATO toilets and marketing SATO toilets in the community. LIXIL is planning to monitor the impact of the mason training after they have finished mason trainings in other regions.

ENGINE partnership: In Q4 WARIDI met with Aksvin Group Limited, the firm that is managing the BIZIFUNDI platform, after the close out of the USAID ENGINE project, to discuss their strategic vision for the platform. Aksvin will introduce training sessions through BIZIFUNDI to continue offering BDS (on credit readiness, business planning, record keeping, accounting, marketing) to WARIDI trained MEs. The platform will also be used as a marketing forum among the MEs whereby marketing information on WASH products can be displayed. Two WARIDI supported MEs used the platform in the reporting quarter to promote their businesses to attract more customers and increase their sales. WARIDI also shared a list of 400 MEs from 20 LGAs to Aksvin as the company is planning to meet with these MEs to strategize on how the platform can help the entrepreneurs in WASH business to expand their ventures.

7 Estimated based on the assumption that each latrine pan is used by at least one household and the average household size is about five persons.

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Water.org partnership: WARIDI has continued to build CBWSO financial management capacity and supported CBWSOs in developing loan applications with Water.org’s financial partner Equity Bank to expand water distribution systems. In Q4, and throughout the year, the team has continued to engage RUWASA to encourage their support and buy-in of this activity and understand barriers preventing their final approval of loan applications to date.

WARIDI arranged a workshop in Q4 to facilitate dialogue between RUWASA, Water.org and its financial institution partners to gauge interest in continuing a RUWASA-Water.org partnership following the end of WARDI support. Participants at the meeting involved Equity Bank official, Water.org, WARIDI staff and RUWASA Regional Managers for Morogoro and Pwani and District Managers for Kilosa, Bagamoyo and Mvomero. Apart from sharing lessons learned from this partnership, the participants suggested that only the RUWASA Director General has the mandate to decide on a formal partnership, since all agreements and MoU to work with CBWSOs must be initiated and entered at the RUWASA Headquarters level. WARIDI followed up and requested a meeting with the RUWASA leadership team in October 2020 (Q1FY21) to follow up on this.

In Q4 WARIDI connected Mataya and Zinga CBWSOs with Equity Bank and discussed the contract shared by the Bank for loan application decisions. During this meeting, the board members reviewed CBWSO business plans to ensure it matched loan terms and conditions. Mataya and Zinga CBWSOs agreed with the terms, prepared and submitted the loan application with all required financial documents to RUWASA District Manager for endorsement at district level before submitting to Equity Bank. This loan will also need the approval from RUWASA Head Quarters. If approved, the Zinga CBWSO would receive TZS 4,000,000 to extend water services from water sources to Zinga Mlingotini while Mataya CBWSO has requested TZS 4,000,000 for water extension to Baukani Hamlet. The loan will be paid back after a year, with 13% interest.

Sustainability . USAID ENGINE has connected WARIDI to Aksvin Group Limited, the firm that will implement the BIZIFUNDI platform before closeout of the project. WARIDI has shared this information with its trained MEs, providing a way to continue availability of support from BIZIFUNDI’s business development service providers to help the MEs grow their business and continue offering WASH products and services.

. WARIDI is facilitating strengthening relationships between RUWASA and the CBWSOs and private sector partners (Water.org, Medentech, eWaterPay and LIXIL) and providing backstopping to ensure RUWASA and other stakeholders are prepared to take full ownership over partnership activities once WARIDI has closed out.

SUB-TASK 3.1.1 Strategic Partnership Implementation and Scale MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDICAT TIMIN COMMENTS INPUTS/ MECHANIS EXTERNAL OR G ACTIVITIE M ACTORS/ S INSTITUTIO NS Strategic Management LIXIL, 3.3, Q1-Q4 Completed Partnership per Medentech, 1.1, Implementati partnership- Water.org, 1.4 on: specific activity eWATERpay, Implement scale up plans ENGINE, LGAs five active (meetings, and RUWASA partnerships surveys, pilots, to increase etc.)

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SUB-TASK 3.1.1 Strategic Partnership Implementation and Scale MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDICAT TIMIN COMMENTS INPUTS/ MECHANIS EXTERNAL OR G ACTIVITIE M ACTORS/ S INSTITUTIO NS access to WASH services and products

Partnership Meetings, LIXIL, 3.3, 1.1, 1.4 Q1-Q4 Completed monitoring: surveys, data Medentech, Develop pilot collection, Water.org, Evaluation report reports for reports eWATERpay, finalized, Medentech Medentech Output: pilot ENGINE, community feedback and reports; LGAs, meeting conducted eWATERpay quarterly RUWASA and close-out (2); quarterly partnership meeting conducted. monitoring monitoring • Remote for LIXIL, monitoring of ENGINE, and eWATERpay Water.org pilot was conducted, close-out meeting scheduled in Q1 • Remote follow up carried out with Aksvin Group, who will manage the USAID ENGINE project’s legacy BIZIFUNDI platform

Sub Task 3.1.2 Engage selected Companies for WASH Product Scaling In Q4 WARIDI finalized B2B meetings for Lixil, Kasole and Anuflo which were put on hold in Q3 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Thirteen B2B meetings (8 for Lixil, 3 for Anuflo and 2 for Kasole Secrets) were conducted in Q4. During these meetings, a total of 79 menstrual Hedhi cups, 422 pieces of SATO and 1,008 pieces of Glory pads were sold. In total, 4,932 SATO pans, 15,912 glory pads and 835 hedhi cups have been sold in WARIDI intervention areas to date.

In Q1 WARIDI conducted microenterprise support activities focused on close-out and lessons learned dissemination in Iringa, Mbeya, and Njombe with LGA officials. Lessons identified included: • There is demand to improve the SATO toilet pan to include features for people with physical disability • There is a need for mason training for SATO toilet installation as some masons remove the cup on the SATO pan which is key feature of the toilet to prevent smell and flies.

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• There is an opportunity to improve BCC, focusing on sanitation through use of sanitation sports activities, local celebrities (artists) and local traditional groups which will reduce road-show cost and improve effectiveness. • There is an opportunity to further involve government leaders including District Commissioners and ward officials for effective BCC.

WARIDI submitted an abstract titled “Advancing access to affordable menstrual hygiene products in Tanzania,” which was accepted for verbal presentation at the University of North Carolina (UNC) Water and Health Conference that will be delivered virtually in October 2020. The abstract focuses on the opportunities and challenges the private sector faces when expanding markets for menstrual hygiene management products into rural and peri-urban areas, based on experience from marketing Glory pads and Hedhi cups.

Two success stories for Kasole and Anuflo were approved by USAID and circulated through social media and the WARIDI newsletter.

SUB-TASK 3.1.2: Engage selected Companies for WASH Product Scaling and partnership closeout MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDIC TIMIN COMMENTS INPUTS/ MECHANI EXTERNAL ATOR G ACTIVITIES SM ACTORS/ INSTITUTI ONS Support Sale reports, 3-4 potential 3.3, 1.4 Q1-Q3 Handover of WASH RUWASA to final report partners, product sales activities monitor RUWASA were completed in Q1 WASH of FY21. product sales in WARIDI LGAs and prepare final report Document Success 3-4 potential 3.3,1.4 Q2-Q4 • Two success stories for lessons learned stories partners, Kasole and Anuflo with a focus on RUWASA developed in Q2 were linking partner approved for circulation. companies to RUWASA • Abstract on “Advancing access to affordable menstrual hygiene products in Tanzania” was submitted and accepted for verbal presentation at UNC Water and Health Conference

Task 3.2 WASH Microenterprise Capacity Building Program

The WARIDI microenterprise workstream aims to create sustainable commercial markets for WASH products and services in WARIDI-supported districts through supporting private enterprises (rural

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shops) and companies (WASH products suppliers) to create distribution channels that penetrate rural areas and small towns, ensuring that affordable, quality WASH products and services are available in communities in 20 LGAs. To date, WARIDI has provided training to 484 microenterprises in 20 LGAs. In addition, WARIDI has directly connected more than 160 MEs with WASH products suppliers, facilitating market growth of three WASH products companies including LIXIL, supplier of the SATO latrine pans, Kasole Secrets, supplier of Glory Pads, and Anuflo Industries, supplier of Hedhi (menstrual) cups.

Sub-Task 3.2.1 WASH Products Suppliers Support In FY20 WARIDI supported three WASH companies to strengthen their capacities to develop and manage sustainable supply chains for their products. Key activities included business planning support to Anuflo Industries and Kasole Secrets, where business plans were developed, finalised and presented to respective companies for adoption and use. To make the business plans actionable, WARIDI facilitated both Kasole and Anuflo to develop action/implementation plans which attached a timeline, budget, and responsible employee for all initial activities (e.g. marketing and sales campaigns) to take place over the following 30-90 days. This support has already shown an increase in both companies’ capacity to manage operations professionally, develop strong distribution networks, carry out effective marketing activities and access additional financial resources through grants and loans. For example, through WARIDI support, Kasole Secrets was able to develop and use brand style guide (for online, media and marketing material production/ promotion), develop and implement business plan with monthly action plans, and was able to secure two major grants and one consultancy contract worth over US $ 270,000 all received during the reporting period WARIDI activities supporting WASH companies included:

• Co-developed final business plan with Anuflo Industries and supported both Kasole Secrets and Anuflo Industries to develop action plans to start implementing their business plans. Action plans focused on service improvement, follow-up with retailers/wholesalers and marketing and sales promotions for 30-90 days. Both companies started implementing their action plans in Q4. • WARIDI planned half-day B2B events to identify and engage regional and local distributors and wholesalers that were not carried out in Q3 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In Q4 WARIDI completed the remaining B2B meetings for Lixil, Kasole and Anuflo which were put on hold in the previous quarter. Thirteen B2B meetings (8 for Lixil, 3 for Anuflo and 2 for Kasole Secrets) were conducted in Q4. During these meetings, a total of 82 distribution agreements were entered into between WASH companies and MEs/wholesalers (Kasole, 43; Anuflo, 26; and LIXIL, 13) for local distribution of Glory Pads, Hedhi cups and SATO latrine pans respectively, in 20 WARIDI LGAs. In addition, a total of 79 menstrual Hedhi cups, 422 pieces of SATO and 1,008 pieces of Glory pads were sold where in total, 4,932 SATO pans, 15,912 glory pads and 835 hedhi cups have been sold in WARIDI areas to date.

WARIDI carried out a needs assessment of three suppliers/partners and identified key needs to strengthen their capacities to develop and manage a sustainable supply chain of their products and then developed BDS products for WASH products suppliers and delivered BDS support to two partners – Anuflo Industries and Kasole Secrets. The support was mainly a leadership, organizational development, corporate entrepreneurship, and marketing management training for management and staff, and support to implement workshop learnings and outcomes, both on-site and off-site. In Q2 and Q3 WARIDI support focused on developing and managing sustainable supply chains for the companies supplying WASH products where WARIDI supported and carried-out a total of 11 B2B events for Kasole (glory pads, 6 events - 12 LGAs) and Anuflo (hedhi cups, 5 events-12 LGAs) that resulted in introduction of hedhi cups in 6 new LGAs and a significant increase in sales for both Kasole Secrets and Anuflo Industries.

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SUB-TASK 3.2.1 WASH Products Suppliers Support

MAJOR PROCESS/ KEY INDICA MONTH COMMENTS INPUTS/ DELIVERY EXTERNAL TOR QUARTER/ ACTIVITIES MECHANISM ACTORS MONTH Carry out needs Desk review, 3.2 Q1 (Oct) Completed: Needs assessment of visits to Assessments were selected companies, undertaken for 3 suppliers. consultations companies – Lixil, Focus areas incl.: with key Anuflo Industries and business stakeholders (e.g. Kasole Secrets. modelling, FIs, Regulators – staffing/ TBS, etc.) management Output: Report – capacity, Needs products Assessment of sourcing/ WASH marketing/ Companies distribution management capacity, etc.

Develop BDS Desk review, WASH 3.2 Q1 (Nov) Completed: BDS products for consultations products support program for WASH product (e.g. with suppliers, each of 2 companies suppliers – Using WARIDI team FIs/Water.org, (Anuflo & Kasole) needs and partners) ENGINE developed based on assessment Output: BDS results of needs develop BDS and products with assessment. LIXIL include delivery delivery was supported in methodology methodologies creating and targeting either strengthening SATO (i) individual latrines supply chain companies or (ii) all companies.

Deliver/provide On-site and off- WASH 3.2 Q1 (Dec), Q2 In Q1, completed - BDS to 3-4 site support, products (Feb, March), two training Partners workshops suppliers, Q3 (Apr, May) workshops for two Output: FIs/Water.org, companies - Anuflo Individual ENGINE Industries (4 company BDS management staff support report, participated) and consolidated Kasole Secrets (7 report for BDS staff participated); support to In Q2 and Q3 on-site partners and off-site support was provided for business modelling

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SUB-TASK 3.2.1 WASH Products Suppliers Support

MAJOR PROCESS/ KEY INDICA MONTH COMMENTS INPUTS/ DELIVERY EXTERNAL TOR QUARTER/ ACTIVITIES MECHANISM ACTORS MONTH and to develop business and customer acquisition plans for Kasole Secrets and Anuflo Industries. Final business plans were prepared and presented to Kasole Secrets in Q3 and in July 2020 (Q4) for Anuflo Industries was presented. This activity was delayed for about 2 months due to COVID-19 pandemic where visits by consultant and support team were halted and only remote support done.

Sub-Task 3.2.2 Microenterprises Mentorship Program & Follow Up Monitoring Microenterprise mentorship program activities in Q2, Q3 and Q4 focused on linking strategic MEs to Anuflo Industries, Kasole Secrets and Lixil and region/local wholesalers of their products to support supply chain development. Activities completed include:

Participation of MEs in building WASH products supply chain – 20 LGAs: The focus of this activity in Q2 and Q4 was to support and link MEs in mentorship program with WASH products suppliers for development of sustainable supply chains through B2B events. In Q2 this activity included linking the MEs with WASH companies through 11 B2B events for Anuflo Industries (12 LGAs) and Kasole Secrets (12 LGAs). During the period, a total of 128 MEs participated in Kasole Secrets Ltd. B2B meetings and 105 MEs participated in Anuflo Industries B2B meetings and substantial products sales were made.

These activities were limited in Q3 to remote follow-up support to both WASH companies and MEs who stock and sell hedhi cups, glory pads and SATO latrine pans due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In Q4 WARIDI finalized B2B meetings for Lixil, Kasole and Anuflo where thirteen B2B meetings (8 for Lixil, 3 for Anuflo and 2 for Kasole Secrets) were carried-out. Product sales in Q4 are shown in Table 11 below.

Monitoring of trained microenterprises: WARIDI made monitoring visits to 256 second-round trained MEs in 10 LGAs using a simple tool to monitor the performance of microenterprises following the training phase. This was a three-month check-in after the completion of training and was also used

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to select 105 MEs for the mentorship program in addition to 47 MEs selected from first-round of trained MEs.

WARIDI followed-up with trained MEs and provided MEs with limited additional BDS. This primarily took the form of follow-up phone calls to monitor MEs performance after trainings, progress in selling WARIDI promoted WASH products and challenges they have encountered. In addition, WARIDI offered support and advice on business development in general. This remote follow-up resulted in identification of additional BDS needs where one hundred and thirteen MEs showed need for more support to improve and expand their businesses. These included 49 MEs indicating need for financing or loans and 39 MEs looking for business planning support. In Q4, WARIDI designed and implemented a MEs remote BDS support program where three consultants were engaged and provided remote BDS support to a total of 51 MEs (26 Males and 25 Females). Services provided included business planning (34 MEs), WASH products Marketing and Sales Promotion (7 MEs) and Record keeping & Financial Reporting (10 MEs). Business plan development support resulted in 17 completed business plans and 1 microenterprise was applying for a loan from a financial institution. Table 12 below describes the remote BDS support provided in each of 19 WARIDI supported LGAs.

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Table 11: Sales of New WASH Products in Q4 FY20 LIXIL’s Kasole/ Lixil/ Anuflo/ Kasole’s Anuflo SATO Wholesalers Wholesalers Wholesalers LGA Glory Menstrual latrine Agreements Agreements Agreements Pads Cup pan Entered Entered Entered Bagamoyo DC 79 1 Gairo DC 73 2 Morogoro MC 480 46 2 1 Ifakara TC 528 21 3 2 Mafinga TC 42 34 2 2 Iringa DC 2 Njombe TC 40 15 3 1 2 Mbarali DC 92 30 2 1 Total 1,008 393 79 8 13 5

Table 12: MEs Remote BDS Support – Services Provided and Number of MEs Supported During Q4

BDS Support Provided WASH MEs Record No of No of LGA products Supported Business keeping & Males Females Marketing planning Financial and Sales Reporting Promotion Morogoro and Coast Regions Bagamoyo DC 4 3 0 1 0 4 Chalinze DC 3 1 0 2 1 2 Morogoro DC 1 0 0 1 1 0 Kilosa DC 1 1 0 0 1 0 Kilombero 1 0 1 0 1 0 Ulanga DC 2 2 0 0 1 1 Ifakara TC 3 0 2 1 0 3 Mvomero DC 3 2 0 1 3 0 Malinyi DC 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gairo DC 4 2 1 1 3 1 TOTAL 22 11 4 7 11 11 Iringa, Njombe & Mbeya Regions Iringa DC 0 0 0 0 0 0 Iringa MC 4 2 1 1 2 2 Kilolo DC 2 2 0 0 0 2 Mafinga TC 2 1 1 0 1 1 Mufindi DC 2 2 0 0 1 1 Wanging’ombe DC 6 6 0 0 3 3 Njombe TC 4 4 0 0 3 1 Njombe DC 4 4 0 0 3 1 Mbarali DC 5 2 1 2 2 3 TOTAL 29 23 3 3 15 14

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BDS Support Provided WASH MEs Record No of No of LGA products Supported Business keeping & Males Females Marketing planning Financial and Sales Reporting Promotion Grand Total 51 34 7 10 26 25

Sustainability

To ensure sustainability of this activity and its expected outcome of continued distribution of WASH products in rural and peri-urban communities beyond the life of the WARIDI project, the following actions are being taken: • WASH Companies supported by WARIDI are taking a leading role and committing significant resources towards B2B events and ME follow-up. LIXIL agreed to cover 68% of B2B event costs and 100% of mason training costs in Q4, Anuflo Industries covered 52% and Kasole Secrets covered 50% of event costs during the reporting period These cost contributions ensure companies take ownership and commit to continue sustaining the product distribution networks created and replicate the B2B events and similar activities. The remaining costs were covered by WARIDI. • WASH companies agreed to carry out periodic follow-up with wholesalers and retailers (MEs) on their products using their resources to ensure product availability and support. Anuflo Industries and Kasole Secrets have carried out significant marketing promotion and follow-up visits with supply chain partners and with WARIDI remote support during Q4 and Kasole has engaged eight sales interns based in four regions to ensure close monitoring and support to glory pads wholesalers and retailers. • WARIDI continues to follow-up and link MEs with Bizifundi platform (formerly of ENGINE) and affiliated BDS providers to ensure MEs receive additional BDS. This aspect was discussed with 127 MEs during remote follow-up activity and MEs were encouraged to develop relationships to ensure they continue to have access to BDS after WARIDI ends.

SUB-TASK 3.2.2 Microenterprise Mentorship Program MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDICATOR QUARTER COMMENTS INPUTS/ MECHANIS EXTERNA ACTIVITIES M L ACTORS Microenterprise Visits/ survey MEs 3.2 Q1 (Oct- Completed: a selection for Nov) total of 152 MEs Mentorship Output: a total were selected for Program – total of 80-125 MEs mentorship out of 20 LGAs selected for of 484 trained mentorship MEs. Provide Meetings, visits, MEs, WASH 1.4, 3.2, 3.1 Q1 (Dec) In Q2 - 8 MEs microenterprise on-site product – Q3 linked and used mentorship – 20 support, off- suppliers, FIs, (April) BDS from LGAs (50-80 site follow-ups, Water.org, ENGINE affiliated total) in STTA ENGINE, BDS providers. In collaboration RUWASA Q3 – 127 MEs with RUWASA were encouraged to use ENGINE affiliated BDSPs for additional BDS during

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SUB-TASK 3.2.2 Microenterprise Mentorship Program MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDICATOR QUARTER COMMENTS INPUTS/ MECHANIS EXTERNA ACTIVITIES M L ACTORS remote check-in. In Q4 a total of 51 MEs were provided with remote BDS support Monitoring of Visits, EAs, LGAs 3.2, 1.4 Oct – Nov In Q1 - 3-month trained STTA 2019; monitoring visit microenterprise Feb - for second round s (1-year visits March of trained MEs for first round 2020; was done and of trained MEs July- report was used in Q1(Oct’19); August to select MEs for 3-month visit 2020 the mentorship for second program. round of In Q3 - 127 MEs trained MEs in from 19 LGAs Q1(Oct- out of 149 Nov’19), 6- targeted MEs in month check in mentorship Q2 (Feb- program were Mar’20) and 1- reached through year check in remote follow- Q4(Jul-Aug’20) up. In Q4, the for second remote follow-up round trained outcomes were MEs) used to design and provide specific BDS support to 51 MEs with reasonable WASH impacts.

Overall, strategic partnerships and microenterprises activities contribute to three of five WARIDI Task order indicators as summarised on Table 14 below.

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Table 14. YEAR 5 PARTNERSHIP & ENTERPRISE INDICATORS TRACKING REPORT S/n WARIDI Data collection Achievements in FY20 Q4 (Total) Total achievement to date Comments indicator Status (Life of Project) 1. Number of # of SATO A total of 1,186 SATO toilets A total of 422 A total of 4,932 SATO improved Out of 4,932 people products sold in were sold in FY20 in WARIDI SATO improved latrine products have been sold to SATO products gaining WARIDI LGAs, areas. Out of this, 1,120 SATO latrine products date in WARIDI areas sold since access to a noting the type of were sold through B2B events have been sold in February 2018 basic product sold and WARIDI MEs and 66 sold WARIDI areas in in WARIDI sanitation through Lixil Mason training. Q4 through areas, 2,330 service as a WARIDI trained were sold result of MEs. Out of these through USG sales, 356 were WARIDI road assistance sold during B2B show, B2B events and 66 sold events and during Mason supported MEs trainings. and 2,602 were sold directly by LIXIL 2. Number of # of unique SATO • SATO #116 brand latrine • SATO #116 • Two SATO brands (116 and LIXIL started new or products introduced pan was successfully sold in brand latrine 206) have been introduced In production of improved in WARIDI LGAs, 20 LGAs in Morogoro, pan was WARIDI areas SATO #136 in commercial noting the type of Pwani, Njombe and Mbeya successfully • SATO’s #116 brand latrine Jan 2019, water or product regions in FY20 sold in 20 LGAs pan was successfully sold in 20 though sanitation • Two feminine hygiene in Morogoro, LGAs in Morogoro, Iringa, production products or # of unique WASH products (Menstrual Cups Pwani, Njombe Pwani, Njombe and Mbeya stopped on May services products introduced and glory pads) were sold in and Mbeya regions. 2019 due to available in through WARIDI 20 LGAs in FY20 regions. • One product (eWATERpay some challenges target LGAs road shows, • One feminine prepaid meter) was introduced with the microenterprise hygiene product in 1 LGA SilAfrica. capacity building (Menstrual • Two feminine hygiene program, and Cups) was sold products (Menstrual Cups and strategic in 3 LGAs partnerships

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S/n WARIDI Data collection Achievements in FY20 Q4 (Total) Total achievement to date Comments indicator Status (Life of Project) Glory pads) were sold in 20 LGAs in previous quarters • Three filters (TEMBO, NAZAVA and SON) were introduced in 3 LGAs (Ifakara, Malinyi and Ulanga) in previous quarters • Other products (Day one filter, Money Maker pump, Mtambo filter and Drip irrigation) promoted through road show had no direct sales during the show.

3. % of women Quarterly tracking No women or youth A total of 216 women and 212 and youth of women and participated in WARIDI WASH youth (15-35) from 20 LGAs were participating youth participation ME training in FY20 trained in microenterprise Module in USG in the WARIDI I. A total of 206 women and 191 assisted WASH youth (15-35 years) from 20 LGAs programs microenterprise participated in microenterprise designed to support program Module II trainings; and a total of increase 223 women and 204 youth (15-34 access to years) from 20 LGAs participated productive in microenterprise Module III economic trainings resources 4. Number of Quarterly tracking No additional Partnerships No additional Five strategic partnerships PPPs of partnerships were formed in FY20 Partnerships were established; ten expedited established established via formed in Q4 partnerships established with for water formal agreement WASH product companies for the provision, WARIDI WASH road shows water

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S/n WARIDI Data collection Achievements in FY20 Q4 (Total) Total achievement to date Comments indicator Status (Life of Project) resource management and/or stewardship (contributes to Standard) 5. Number of Quarterly tracking Delivered BDS support to two Delivered BDS • A total of 484, 443, and 438 WASH and of participation in partners – Anuflo Industries and support to two participants from 20 LGAs MUS service the WARIDI WASH Kasole Secrets partners – Anuflo attended microenterprise providers microenterprise Industries and Module I, II and III trainings assisted support program Kasole Secrets respectively with • Two partners Kasole Secretes technical, and AnuFlo were trained in business various aspects intended to capacity or improve their business access to # of Masons 76 Masons from 10 WARIDI 76 Masons from 10 82 Masons were trained to install Lixil is planning finance trained by LIXIL in LGAs were trained on how to WARIDI LGAs SATO pan to date to finish masons SATO installation install SATO toilets in FY20 were trained on training for all and maintenance how to install regions in under WARIDI SATO toilets. Tanzania support mainland # of • A total of 574, 4,630 hedhi • A total of 79 • A total of 835 menstrual hedhi microenterprises cups and glory pads were menstrual Hedhi cups, 4,932 SATO and 15,912 connected through sold in FY20 respectively cups, 422 pieces pieces of glory pads were sold. WARIDI activities • A total of 82 agreements of SATO and • A total of 24 B2B events were to WASH were entered between 1,008 pieces of carried out to-date where 178 distribution WASH companies and Glory pads were MEs participated in Kasole networks MEs/wholesalers for local sold by MEs in Secrets Ltd 6 B2B meetings, distribution of products Q4. 195 MEs participated in Anuflo (Kasole – 43 agreements, • A total of 23 Industries 5 B2B meetings and Anuflo 26 agreements and 13 contracts were 131 MEs participated in Lixil Lixil) in FY20 entered B2B events

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S/n WARIDI Data collection Achievements in FY20 Q4 (Total) Total achievement to date Comments indicator Status (Life of Project) between WASH • A total of 82 agreements were companies and entered between WASH MEs/wholesalers companies and for local MEs/wholesalers for local distribution of distribution of products SATO, Glory (Kasole – 43 agreements, pads and Hedhi Anuflo 26 agreements and 13 cups Lixil) to date # of • 51 MEs were registered into • 81 MEs were connected to

microenterprises or the Bizfundi platform in FY20 16 Engine BDSPs WASH companies • 8 MEs accessed BDS from • 51 MEs were registered into connected to ENGINE affiliated BDSPs the Bizfundi platform ENGINE BDS • 8 MEs accessed BDS from services • 8 MEs accessed BDS from ENGINE affiliated BDSPs ENGINE affiliated BDSPs and • 8 MEs accessed BDS from paid TZS 1.6 million for the ENGINE affiliated BDSPs and services in FY20 paid TZS 1.6 million for the services # of • WARIDI shared with Equity In Q3 WARIDI shared with Equity microenterprises Bank a list of potential 96 Bank a list of potential MEs for connected to MEs for financing financing. Water.org FIs for possible finance (noting loan application amounts, if known)

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S/n WARIDI Data collection Achievements in FY20 Q4 (Total) Total achievement to date Comments indicator Status (Life of Project) # of COWSOs connected to • WARIDI Supported WARIDI Supported Water.org FIs for transformation of 9 transformation of 9 COWSOs possible finance COWSOs into CBWSOs at into CBWSOs at Kilosa- 2, (noting loan Kilosa- 2, Bagamoyo-5 and Bagamoyo-5 and Mvomero-2 as a application amounts, Mvomero-2 as a prerequisite prerequisite for financing. if known) for financing.

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Task 3.3 Increase Alternative Livelihood Opportunities Sub-task 3.3.1 Promote Opportunities for Agricultural Livelihoods Activities

Follow up and collaboration with key stakeholders relevant to WARIDI interventions In FY20 the WARIDI Livelihoods Team enhanced communication and follow up with key stakeholders to establish or accelerate cooperation in implementing alternative livelihoods activities. This included facilitating farmers’ technologies adoption and ensuring sustainability of interventions in the final year of activity implementation. During this year, the team worked with the following key stakeholders:

Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) WARIDI collaborated with TARI to provide livelihoods training to WARIDI supported farmers TARI’s specialist in grain legumes and root crops trained farmers to use improved technologies as well as enhancing farmers’ abilities to adapt to the effects of climate change through diversification of crop production. WARIDI and TARI trained farmers in five water scheme locations (Lugalo and Nyanzwa -Kilolo DC), Nguyami -Gairo DC), Mbigiri and Magole -Kilosa DC) and Lukicha - Kilombero DC). TARI Uyole Center was also contacted and began supplying orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) vines to farmers at competitive prices. TARI facilitated distribution of seeds and planting materials such as cassava and OFSP in Mkangawalo, Kidete, Itongowa, Mchombe, Lukolongo and Mngeta. A total of 3,120 cassava cuttings were ordered and planted by 117 farmers. TARI specialists provided onsite technical support to farmers in Gairo (Nguyami), and Kilombero (Itongowa and Mkangawalo). WARIDI has worked with extension officers to track farmers’ adoption rates of these improved varieties of drought tolerant crops. WARIDI, in collaboration with TARI, has increased farmers’ technologies adoption and improved farming practices in crop diversification techniques through cultivation of cassava and green regimes. Due to this collaboration, local extension officers have recognized that farmers have increased demand for extension services to apply the trained technologies than it was before.

Collaboration with other USAID implementing partners (IPs) In FY20 the Livelihoods Team strengthened collaboration with other USAID implementing partners (Lishe Endelevu (LE), Mboga na Matunda (MnM), NAFAKA, Advanced Youth and ENGINE projects) in the implementation of various activities. WARIDI conducted a joint visit with LE and MnM to identify potential farmers who were trained on technologies and improved management practices by WARIDI and who later received additional technical support from LE and MnM. • Eight farmers at Nguyami village and six farmers at Hembeti were identified for joint support. LE agreed to provide these farmers with parent stock of a new breed of chicken called SASSO, introduced them to nutritious crops such as Vitamin A-rich orange fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) and provided technical training. LE is expecting to use them as model farmers to scale up home gardens and poultry interventions for household nutrition improvement, building on WARIDI’s work. • At Kilolo, WARIDI, MnM and a private company, Balton (T) Company Ltd, visited 20 lead farmers of OFSP, cassava and vegetables and provided technical backstopping on production techniques for improved seeds, environmental safety and application of agrochemicals and marketing strategies. WARIDI and MnM have linked farmers of OFSP with buyers. At Lulanzi, WARIDI and MnM provided technical backstopping on the use of plastic tubes and setting of avocado nursery seedlings at the farm of lead/TOT farmer, Mathew Kamwagila, whose farm has been used as demonstration site for other learning farmers. • The Livelihoods Team in collaboration with ENGINE, Mboga na Matunda, Lishe Endelevu, Advanced Youth and NAFAKA organized a B2B event for women and youth in Iringa, focusing on expanding businesses and networking opportunities for youth and women enterprises through matchmaking and engagement of diverse service providers and stakeholders. The B2B

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event brought financial institutions (FIs), Business Development Service Providers (BDSPs), agro-dealers, producer groups and youth savings groups to discuss the theme, “Take a Step: Broaden Your Network, Improve Your Business”. During this event 10 farmers and five farm inputs suppliers were supported by WARIDI to attend. • WARIDI organized livelihoods trainings and worked with Lishe Endelevu to provide nutritional training to 360 selected TOTs in Nguyami (Gairo), Nyameni and Ilakala (Kilosa) and MIKI - Mkangawalo, Kidete and Itongowa- (Kilombero)- schemes through LE grantee SEMDO. • WARIDI and MnM conducted a joint training for 18 farmers on avocado nursery establishment and management, harvesting, storage, transportation and marketing. • WARIDI linked bee keeping farmers with African Honey Solution (AFHS) in Mufindi (Usokami and Kibengu). In Q4 AFHS continued to provide technical support and farmers purchased honey harvesting protection equipment directly from the company. Farmers have been supported by AFHS to do quality testing of their produced honey. The company plans to continue providing technical support and mobilizing more farmers to register their membership for further technical backstopping.

WARIDI coordinated and held a Feed the Future (FtF) implementing partners’ meeting which involved MnM, LE, ENGINE and WARIDI. In the meeting, WARIDI shared its experience on how the Activity complies with environmental issues in livelihoods activities per USAID’s Environmental Procedures (22 CFR 216) and Government of the United Republic of Tanzania (GoT) environmental guidelines and regulations as stipulated in Section H.9 of the USAID-WARIDI Contract/Task Order.

WARIDI collaborated with LE and MnM to plan and organize a multi-sector nutrition joint field visit by USAID’s ACOR for WARIDI, the AOR for LE and COR for MnM. The field visit focused on integration of nutrition into horticulture and WASH activities, and to observe how USAID Feed the Future implementing partners complement and integrate their interventions to avoid duplication.

WARIDI was invited and participated in a horticulture stakeholders meeting organized by MnM to share successes, challenges and lessons learned in supporting horticulture value chains . WARIDI also participated in a virtual meeting on Awareness and Access to Economic Opportunities for Women and Youth in the horticulture Sector.

Collaboration with Local Government Authorities (LGAs) In FY20 WARIDI worked closely with LGAs through official communications with District Agricultural, Irrigation and Cooperative Officers (DAICOs), Community Development Officers (CDOs), Ward/Village extension staff and Village leaders. LGA officials at all levels provided significant support in mobilizing famers and organized farmers to participate effectively in WARIDI trainings. The extension officers have been reporting to WARIDI the technology adoption progress among the trainees. For example, during the critical challenge of COVID-19 where it was not possible to conduct physical field visits, the WARIDI Livelihoods Team provided technical guidance remotely to extension officers who developed a plan and conducted follow-up visits to TOT farmers in Kilombero (MIKI and LUKICHA), Kilosa (Magole and Mbigiri) and Kilolo (Nyanzwa and Magana) schemes. Field extension officers and village government leadership helped farmers to prepare seed orders to TARI, facilitated distribution and registered farmers’ groups. Also, extension officers supported follow up data verification on farmers’ technologies adoption or improved management practices, how to correctly fill in WARIDI’s data tracking tool for technology adoption and tracking the multiplier effects by recording and reporting those farmers indirectly trained by TOTs.

Deliver livelihoods trainings and other technical support to farmers In FY20 WARIDI delivered direct livelihoods training on horticultural (home garden/sack garden, fruit tree nurseries) beekeeping, indigenous chicken, rabbit husbandry and drought tolerant crops in 6 LGAs (Gairo, Kilosa, Mvomero, Kilombero, Kilolo and Mufindi). Training was held in three rounds and a total of 2,212 farmers participated, 585 men (26%), 916 women (41%) and youth 711 (32%).

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Women and youth represented approximately 74% of participants as shown in Table 15. The climate change training focused on crop diversification and drought tolerant crops which were also selected because they support food and nutritional security. These crops included cassava, OFSP and grain legumes (green gram, pigeon peas, cowpeas and chickpeas).

Table 15: Summary of participants during training of trainers Livelihoods Sex Age Total Male Female 15-34 Bee Keeping 252 79 97 76 Horticultural (home garden and fruit trees) 918 214 404 300 Poultry and rabbit 847 236 347 264 Drought tolerant crops and CCA 195 56 68 71

Total 2,212 585 916 711

, WARIDI facilitated learning visits for 160 farmers (83 males and 77 females) to the Nanenane agricultural exhibition in Morogoro and Mbeya. The farmers were from 43 villages and 32 WARIDI- supported water schemes. During the visits, supported farmers were exposed to technologies and farm inputs promoted by diverse stakeholders (Government Research Institutions, Training Agencies and private agro-dealers) which contributed to fast adoption of technologies in climate smart agriculture, use of improved seeds, livestock breeds and horticultural practices. Farmers also learned about seed multiplication technologies, agro-product value addition technologies and farmer-to-farmer approaches for extension services delivery. Reports and follow up visits to the supported farmers showed that several of them had improved their farming skills and practices based on what they learnt from Nane Nane. Below are a few examples: • Many farmers purchased seeds of high breed or drought resistant crops (including vegetables) and planted during the following planting season. This was mainly observed in Nyanzwa where supported farmers planted orange fleshed sweet potatoes and cassava. This ensured that farmers had sufficient food stocks despite the threat caused by low production levels due to COVID-19. • At the exhibitions, farmers learnt that chickens in their small-scale poultries were dying because of “New Castle” disease. To solve this problem, they purchased vaccines and vaccinated their chickens, which resulted in improved production. This was mainly reported in Maduma and Nyanzwa. In Nyanzwa it was reported that proceeds from improved poultry production helped farmers to pay for water house connections and so far, 122 private connections have been reported. • Supported farmers disseminated the “new” technologies to fellow farmers and brought valuable contribution to solve the challenge of shortage of extension officers in delivering extension services in the WARIDI supported areas as it was observed prior to the start of the WARIDI interventions. Ward/Village extension officers working in WARIDI supported water schemes reported that supported farmers have influenced at least three other farmers on average. • Some supported farmers have established market networks for selling their agricultural products such as orange fleshed sweet potatoes, cassava, legumes and poultry. This has resulted into income generation and livelihoods improvement for many of them.

Building on established collaboration among USAID implementing partners, WARIDI and LE provided- on site advice and technical backstopping in improving poultry and farming of OFSP to WARIDI

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supported youth and women groups at Lugalo, Irindi/Magana and Nyanzwa (Kilolo DC), and Ifunda and Mgama (Iringa DC). WARIDI and MnM supported 25 avocado growers in Kilolo DC. A WARIDI- trained youth farmer in Lulanzi, Mr. Mathew Kamwagila was facilitated by MnM to purchase standard plastic (8 inches) tubes and construct a bench nursery. Mathew continued to train fellow farmers in Lulanzi and nearby villages who are expected to draft seedlings in the rainy season. To sustain this activity WARIDI involved LGA Ward Agricultural Extension Officers in the trainings. To expand impact outside communities, it is expected that TOTs will disseminate knowledge and skills and support fellow farmers to apply improved appropriate technologies and practices.

Deliver sustainable life skills to youth for self-reliance and livelihoods sustainability In Q4 the WARIDI Livelihoods and GIYI Teams in collaboration with Sustainable Agriculture Tanzania (SAT) completed preparations and delivered youth life skills training to 35 youths (20 male, 15 female) on self-reliance and livelihoods sustainability from 7 WARIDI LGAs including Gairo, Mvomero, Kilombero, Kilosa, Kilolo, Iringa and Mufindi DCs. These youths demonstrated strong success in adoption and dissemination on technologies and management practices among their peers. The youth were introduced to WASH business opportunities, business ideas development and business planning, leadership and life skills, and cross cutting issues such as gender integration and youth inclusion in WASH and agriculture. The trained youths have diverse roles in their communities such as leaders of water user associations (WUAs), village councils, leaders and members of savings and loan associations, peer educators, and Village Natural Committees (VNRCs).

WARIDI established a mentorship program where the trained youth champions are linked with USAID implementing partners such as Advanced Youth (AY), Lishe Endelevu (LE), government institutions like LGA community development departments, and the Small Industrial Development Organization (SIDO). Those youths who showed high interest in WASH businesses were linked to WARIDI supported WASH companies.

Carry out quarterly field visits to monitor TFCG implementation and technical support. In FY20 WARIDI Livelihoods Team supported TFCG to complete the agreed milestones and deliverables through facilitated communication between TFCG and Kilolo and Kilombero DCs which included advisory services and collection of community- based forest management plans (CBFMs), village land use plans (VLUPs) and river basin management strategies (RBMS) for Ukwega, Uluti, Mhanga, Itonya, Idunda, Kimala (Kilolo DC) and Mngeta and Itongowa (Kilombero DC).

Training participants visit a group of female youth engaged in improved horticulture enterprises (left) and youth receive explanations from Food Technologist on the operations of food processing facilities at SAT main offices (right).

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The Livelihoods Team provided technical support to TFCG in the structuring of the Knowledge Attitudes and Practices (KAP) survey tools and participated in the orientation of TFCG staff on Open Data Kit (ODK) for surveying 17 villages in Mufindi, Kilolo and Kilombero. WARDI also provided guidance on writing the end of project report and participated in the project close-out stakeholders meeting in Kilolo and Kilombero DCs. In the two meetings, farmers’ and community leadership shared the following: • The TFCG grant reduced deforestation in the village lands by establishing six (6) participatory village land use plans and eight (8) village land forest reserves (VLFRs) covering 6,894.35 hectares. Through the establishment of VLUPs and VLFRs a total of 2,207 villagers (1,217 women and 990 men) were trained on natural resources management including Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM), forest management, and land management. Village forest reserves and Village Lands are now being managed by specific committees based on plans and bylaws developed by a specific community • The TFCG grant helped reduce poverty through the establishment of Village Savings and Loans (VSLAs) as a micro-finance model and through conservation agriculture. In 17 villages, about 510 households have benefited from VSLAs, 633 households have benefited from conservation agriculture, and 584 households were trained on improved cooking stoves. 680 people who participated in the Conservation Agriculture (CA) trainings have adopted the technologies. 220 farmers (104 men and 116 women) have taken loans of about TZS 39,184,000 to invest in Income Generating Activities (IGAs). 258 of the trained households have adopted use of improved cooking stoves. • Through supporting the introduction of environmental education to primary school children, TFCG built a good attitude on natural resources conservation among pupils which will support environmental conservation. • TFCG in collaboration with the Rufiji Basin Water Office (RBWO) has built the capacity of Water Users Associations (WUAs) to better understand their roles and responsibilities. Each association developed a constitution which was approved by the RBWO in 2019, and by-laws which were approved at the village and District level. A total of 41 water points were identified by the community in eight villages. These includes Ukwega (4), Kimala (3), Idunda (6), Mhanga (5), Itonya (3), Uluti (5), Itongowa (8), and Mngeta (7). Water points and riverbanks have been marked and planted with indigenous tree species. WUAs are recognized by the water policy and are directly linked to the RBWB.

The TFCG final grant report is included as Annex 11.

Build the capacity of selected lead farmers on basic extension and service delivery to enhance WARIDI intervention sustainability. During FY20 WARIDI collaborated with the ward and village extension staff to identify and confirm more farmers who have good leadership qualities and have readiness to learn and teach fellow farmers. Those who have shown significant achievements in technology adoption and/or improved practices on the trained intervention (kitchen gardening, beekeeping, indigenous chicken, rabbit husbandry and crop diversification through farming of drought tolerant crops) and shared these practices with other farmers were identified. A total of 90 famers have been confirmed to receive a capacity building training at MATI Uyole.

Document lessons, success stories and conduct learning events to share with key stakeholders In FY20 the Livelihoods team developed two abstracts for sharing with national and international stakeholders on how WARIDI livelihoods activities contributed to water resources conservation. The first abstract titled “Integrated ‘Livelihoods’ Contribute to Enhancing Water Resources Management in Rufiji and Wami/Ruvu Basins”. The abstract was submitted to the Maji Week 2020 scientific conference and was accepted for paper presentation. The second abstract titled “Adopting a

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Sustainable ‘Livelihoods’ Approach for Enhancing Water Security in Tanzania” was accepted for poster presentation to the University of North Caroline Water and Health Conference.

Assessment and follow-up to track adoption and improved management practices In FY20 the Livelihoods Team conducted follow up monitoring visits for data verification on technologies adoption, improved management practices and to provide technical backstopping in 6 LGAs of Kilolo, Kilosa, Gairo, Kilombero, Iringa, Mufindi and Mvomero DCs after delivering Training of Trainers (ToTs) on multiple use water services including home garden production, rabbit and poultry keeping, bee keeping and crop diversification. WARIDI recorded a total of 1,412 farmers who have adopted new technologies and improved agricultural management practices. WARIDI has provided updates to District Executive Directors (DEDs) regarding the progress on implemented livelihoods interventions and WARIDI expectations for LGAs to sustain the interventions.

Lessons Learned and Evidence-based Outcomes In FY20 conducted follow-up monitoring and data verification visits to WARIDI supported water schemes with livelihoods interventions. During these visits it was observed that communities who received training who received training have good access to nutritional foods and improved WASH services which are important factors to building resilience to climate change. Productivity in home gardens, beekeeping and small livestock husbandry (indigenous chickens and rabbits) is very strong and households are generating income, saving money and building assets. TOTs are continuing to train and reach more people on home gardening and indigenous poultry keeping. Among the people reached are people with disabilities. For example, in Kilolo DC (Nyanzwa scheme), 43 households have installed private water connections through the sale of OFSP, cassava and chicken. Among them 6 are women- headed households. In Iringa DC (Kidamali village of Magubike scheme) 6 households have managed to pay for private water connections through income earned from kitchen gardens, rabbit husbandry, and agriculture using improved seeds. In Nyanzwa 88 Farmers who produced and sold 54.9 tonnes of OFSP in July-September generated a revenue of TZS 17,165,000. Two TOTs farmers have diversified from farming of kitchen gardens and rabbit husbandry to liquid soap making and selling to their villages and dispensaries.

Gender awareness raising through livelihoods trainings has supported equal participation of men and women in household productive activities and sensitized communities on gender-based violence at the household level. The village government shared improvements in both women and men’s participation in farming of OFSP and cassava as a result of WARIDI livelihoods trainings focused on crop diversification which include gendered decision-making awareness sessions.

Sustainability ● In FY20 WARIDI reached more than 60% women and youth across all alternative livelihood interventions including TOT farmers’ trainings and in selection and capacity building of lead farmers. WARIDI is linking women and youth groups with potential opportunities such as the LGA women and youth development fund, other USAID IPs, and relevant stakeholders. ● WARIDI is building the capacity of local extension workers from its intervention LGAs (Gairo, Kilombero, Mvomero, Kilolo, Kilosa, Iringa and Mufindi DCs) on extension services so they can facilitate and promote private sector collaboration to improve engagement between farmers, private sector and other development actors on new technologies and management practices. ● WARIDI identified and trained committed TOT farmers who have applied new technologies and shared these improved technologies and practices with other farmers. The trained TOTs farmers and entrepreneurs are also sharing this information with representatives from their respective LGAs. ● WARIDI is working with private sector service providers (MFIs and inputs suppliers) and agricultural research institutions and agencies to develop supplier relationships for inputs especially seed and propagation materials. For example, WARIDI linked National agricultural

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research institutions (TARI) with farmers and LGAs extension officers. Farmers have bought seeds from TARI and utilize farming advisory services directly. WARIDI advised TARI and LGAs (Kilombero, Kilosa and Gairo) to prepare a strategic plan for more straight forward interaction between DAICOs to facilitate farmers to access certified seed based on the initiatives taken by the TOT farmers. In Mvomero DC (Hembeti) WARIDI introduced trained TOTs to NMB Bank to share the process of opening a group bank account and procedures for accessing credit. At Kilolo DC (Magana) two groups (Nidhamu and Ushuhuda) have already opened bank accounts at NMB. ● WARIDI and extension officers worked to register trained TOTs farmers’ groups of Mufindi, Kilombero, Kilolo and Mvomero DCs to be officially recognized by respective districts for further support. For example, trained farmers from Mufindi (Usokami and Kibengu) were facilitated to register as an “Environmental Conservation and Income Generating Group.” In Kilombero DC (LUKICHA) WARIDI and extension officers completed registration of a bee keeping group with 30-members for Environmental Conservation and Income generation and in Kilolo (Magana) two women farming groups (Ushuhuda and Nidhamu) were registered. SUB-TASK 3.3.1 Promote opportunities in Agricultural livelihoods

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDICA QUAR COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIVITIES MECHANISM EXTERNAL TOR TER ACTORS/ INSTITUTI ONS Follow up with key Meetings and STTA Completed. stakeholders, their Workshop LGAs WARIDI, LE and opportunities relevant to Follow-up visits USAID IPs MnM conducted WARIDI interventions, Agro input Q1 meetings and agree implementation suppliers (Oct- field visits in modalities to enhance MFIs Nov) Kilolo, Kilosa, technical linkages and Mvomero and collaboration to sustain Q2 (Jan- Gairo to WARIDI interventions. March) provide • Follow up backstopping to communication farmers with stakeholders’ (TARI, ASA, USAID IPs) Carry out Participatory Review of LGA Q2 Completed. Rapid Assessment in new existing WARIDI water schemes for WARIDI reviewed livelihoods opportunities reports, District existing follow in Morogoro DC, Ulanga, profile Q2 up reports, Kilosa and Mvomero. Field visits (Jan) designed • Designing WARIDI EA Q2 (Jan) assessment and assessment team conducted field • Field work to Q2 (Jan) visits and conduct prepared a trip assessment report to collect • Reporting additional information on prioritized livelihoods opportunities

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SUB-TASK 3.3.1 Promote opportunities in Agricultural livelihoods

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDICA QUAR COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIVITIES MECHANISM EXTERNAL TOR TER ACTORS/ INSTITUTI ONS

Deliver livelihoods WARIDI direct LGAs 2.8 Q1-Q4 Completed. trainings and other training, Grantee 3.1 WARIDI technical support to 2000 Grantee (TFCG) 3.4 delivered direct farmers. (TFCG) Q1 livelihoods backstopping (Oct) training on • Training for first Farmers horticultural round Learning visits: Q1 (home Nanenane, (Nov) garden/sack • Training for Institutional garden, fruit second round study tours Q1 tree nurseries) WARIDI EA (Dec) beekeeping, • Training for 3rd team indigenous round Q4 chicken, rabbit (June) husbandry and • Support for drought tolerant Nane study visits crops in 6 LGAs. Enhance LGA extension Training LGA Q1-Q3 WARIDI staff capacity from water workshops STTA continued to schemes communities on Communication USAID IPs involve LGA leadership skills and and technical extension staff extension services backstopping Q1 in tracking delivery. Support from (Oct- technology • Identification of WARIDI EAs Dec) adoption or extension improved officers Q3 management • Designing (April) practices. capacity building Q3 Extension • Deliver capacity (May) officers were building remotely guided on how to use the farmer tracking tool. Further technical training will be provided in QQ FY21 (November). Capacitate selected lead Training LGA Q1, Q2, Completed. farmers on basic Field excursions USAD IPs Q3 extension and advisory WARIDI EA Private sector service delivery, business team

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SUB-TASK 3.3.1 Promote opportunities in Agricultural livelihoods

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDICA QUAR COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIVITIES MECHANISM EXTERNAL TOR TER ACTORS/ INSTITUTI ONS development services, Support from good agricultural practice WARIDI EAs and environmental compliance to enhance WARIDI interventions sustainability. • Identification /confirmation of Lead farmers • Designing capacity building • Deliver capacity building Design and deliver Training (need- STTA 3.1 Q3 Completed in sustainable life skills to based) LGAs 3.4 Q4. 35 youth youth for self-reliance Learning visits USAID IP champions, and livelihoods Linkage with FIs, organized and sustainability. USAID IPs, Q3 received Collaborate (May) capacity building with GIYI Q3 on life skills and • Identification of Advisor (June) livelihoods ideal youth Support from Q3 sustainability in champions WARIDI EAs (June) collaboration • Organize the with Sustainable training Agriculture • Deliver capacity Tanzania (SAT) building Identify and select USAID IP ECHO, STTA 3.4 Q1, Q2 This activity was innovative farmers and consultation LGAs 2.8 delayed due to support demonstrations Collaboration COVID-19. of rainwater harvesting with LGA WARIDI solutions along with Q1 cancelled this kitchen gardens in (Nov- activity and selected dryer area Dec) COR has agreed water schemes. Q2 to drop this • Identification of (March- activity from the farmers. April) FY20 AWP. • Facilitate demonstration

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SUB-TASK 3.3.1 Promote opportunities in Agricultural livelihoods

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDICA QUAR COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIVITIES MECHANISM EXTERNAL TOR TER ACTORS/ INSTITUTI ONS Facilitate technical Technical advice LGAs 2.8 Q1, Q2 Completed. backstopping to TFCG Follow-up visits TARI, MATI, 3.1 WARIDI on implementation of Report review AWF 3.4 supported climate smart agriculture Meetings Q1(Nov planning for the (for CSA) in hotspot Support from ) completion of villages. WARIDI EAs Q2 the TFCG (Feb) activities. In Q4 • Carryout WARIDI guided quarterly field TFCG to write visits to monitor end of project TFCG report and implementation participated in and technical end of project support stakeholders meeting Document lessons, Review reports STTA Q1-Q4 WARIDI success stories and Documentary WARIDI and Q1 prepared two conduct learning events Learning FY21 abstracts and to share lessons with key workshop two success stakeholders. stories on private sector activities in Lulanzi and climate smart agriculture interventions to share lessons with stakeholders. Organize and disseminate LGA, TARI, MATI, Q1-Q4 Completed. training materials and Governmen ASA, SIDO, and Q1 WARIDI shared documented lessons to t Research VETA and FY21 success achieved beneficiary communities and training USAID IP in OFSP from in the water schemes. institutions; Nyanzwa with TARI, ASA, LUKICHA and SIDO. MIKI farmers Support which motivated from them to order WARIDI OFSP vines to EAs start cultivating OFSP in their communities.

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SUB-TASK 3.3.1 Promote opportunities in Agricultural livelihoods

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDICA QUAR COMMENTS INPUTS/ACTIVITIES MECHANISM EXTERNAL TOR TER ACTORS/ INSTITUTI ONS Conduct quarterly Field visits LGAs, 2.8 Completed. follow-up to track Verification calls USAID IPs 3.1 Q1 Monitored and technology adoption and Meetings with Grantee 3.4 (Nov), made follow-up improved management LGA Q2 and verify practices. departments (March), technology Support from Q3 adoption and WARIDI EAs (June), improved Q4 management (Sep) practices Q1 FY21 (Nov)

2.4 Cross-Cutting and Integration Activities

In Q4 and throughout FY20 WARIDI continued with implementation of its gender integration and youth inclusion (GIYI) strategy despite effects of COVID-19 in Q3 and Q4. Key tasks accomplished are summarized below.

Task 4.1 Gender Integration and Youth Inclusion

Sub-Task 4.1.1 Gender and Youth Capacity Building and Learning

National Water Board Training WARIDI, facilitated a GIYI training for 12 National Water Board members which focused on improving their understanding on how to integrate gender and youth into IWRM. Facilitators introduced the gender integration continuum and the NWB members identified opportunities to move towards gender-transformative approaches such as to promote the relative position of women and youth by transforming the underlying social structures, policies and broadly held social norms that perpetuate gender inequalities. The training also focussed on climate change and GIYI.

As a result of the training the Board members are expected to be able to influence decisions on how women and youth are involved in water resources management, ensuring GIYI is well integrated across the activities of all nine basin water boards of Tanzania. This will support the Ministry of Water and basin water boards to ensure water resources are benefiting men, women and youth equally. The ministry gave WARIDI a letter of appreciation for the training.

WARIDI’s GIYI capacity building activity aimed to increase skills on GIYI among LGAs as part of WARIDI’s sustainability strategy. To achieve this, the GIYI Team continued providing technical assistance and coaching to LGA actors including holding the second set of Bi-annual GIYI Progress Meetings. At the request of LGAs, the meetings included trainings on effective presentation of GIYI activities and GIYI-specific Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning. LGAs had identified these as gaps which hindered effective implementation in their day-to-day work and requested training on these topics. LGAs shared progress and results on GIYI activities implemented over the course of the past year. Two Bi-annual meetings were held during the reporting period; one held at Mikumi involving

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Morogoro Zone Districts and another held at Iringa involving and Iringa Zone Districts. . Notable progress from LGAs included: • Some districts have integrated gender across all departments such as Kilolo DC, Morogoro DC and Iringa DC, in comparison to very few doing so in the 1st Bi-annual Meeting. Ifakara TC presented on how they conducted GIYI training to Ward extension officers after WARIDI training and then decided it was important to mainstream it across all departments to ensure inclusive participation. • All the districts are ensuring allocation of funds for women, youth and the disabled. Districts such as Morogoro DC and Morogoro MC are collaborating with other partners by distributing sanitary pads to primary and secondary schools. Mbarali DC and Mafinga TC have allocated funds to support youth with small manufacturing industries such as soap and bricks. • All districts created awareness on the importance of inclusive participation and decision making during Local Government elections by providing trainings on leadership and mobilizing women to vie for different positions which increased the number of women leaders in Villages and Sub-villages. A number of LGAs have also trained COWSOs on GIYI issues. • During presentations the DCDO for Iringa DC emphasized that local leaders continue to be proactive on GIYI and during budgeting to consider GIYI activities and not only to depend on donors. • All the Districts have made observable progress on GIYI activities as compared to last year and they have improved in presentation of activities by having gender disaggregated data.

Ongoing challenges were noted including the documentation of gender equity-related events and the reporting of sex-disaggregated data; continuity in participation between first and second Bi-annual Meetings; insufficient budget allocated for gender activities which hinders GIYI to be well integrated across the LGAs; and understaffing with some Wards not having Community Development Officers.

Also in Q2 the Gender and Youth Specialist provided technical support during the formulation of training manuals including a GIYI module for training of 10 WUAs and 7 COWSOs. The 10 WUAs and 7 COWSOs were trained on how to ensure women and youth are given opportunities to actively participate in IWRM and water supply management.

COWSO verification for promotion of GIYI In Q1 the Gender and Youth Specialist provided technical support to the MEL Team by formulating tools to be used for COWSO verification on how COWSO leaders promote issues of gender empowerment and gender and youth inclusion in the organization and community. This verification exercise was designed to identify changes in the selection and participation of women and youth in COWSO leadership positions.

Sustainability The FY20 workplan sought to sustain early capacity building efforts through targeted technical assistance to LGA trainees, as well as through the Bi-annual meetings. All LGAs are demonstrating good progress by allocating dedicated women and youth funds from internal budgets with each fund receiving 4% and an additional 2% for the disabled.

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Sub-Task 4.1.1 Gender and Youth Capacity-Building and Learning

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA R S CATO ES M L ACTORS R

Provide follow-on Bi Annuals LGAs 2.5 Q1 and Q2 Completed technical support to first phase of

GIYI trainees bi-annuals in Q1 and second phase will be in Q1 of FY21

Conduct GIYI training Training BWB 2.5 Q2 The training for National Water was Board conducted successfully in Q4.

Provide technical Training LGAs, 2.5 Q1 & Q2 Done in Q1 support for training of COWSOs, by preparing

10 WUAs and 7 RUWASA training COWSOs modules

COWSOs verifications Meetings, COWSOs, 2.5 Q1 Done in Q1 for promotion of GIYI phone calls, RUWASA focus group discussions, key informant interviews

Sub-Task 4.1.2 Implement Gender Integration and Youth Inclusion Strategy Across WARIDI In Q4 the Gender and Youth Specialist facilitated a GIYI session during a training for sustainable life skills for youth to promote self-reliance in agriculture and WASH livelihoods. The life skills training aimed to help youth to better understand their potential to develop successful livelihoods in their communities, identify entrepreneurial opportunities in agriculture and WASH enterprises in their communities and how they can mobilize available local resources to develop businesses. 35 youth received skills training on integrating gender in their day-to-day activities and benefits that they will gain in in doing so.

In Q4 the Gender and Youth Specialist conducted an assessment of the impacts of its GIYI approaches to inform overall WARIDI Activity learning. The assessment sought to understand the impacts of WARIDI’s GIYI activities on women and youth participation in decision-making related to integrated water resources management (IWRM) and on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) outcomes for women and youth. The assessment looked at the following research questions:

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1) What were the most effective strategies/approaches used by WARIDI to engage women’s voices in decision-making related to WRM? Which did not work well? 2) What are the barriers to women’s participation in water-related decision-making? 3) What were the effects of WARIDI’s activities on a. Women’s access to and use of water? b. Women’s access to and use of sanitation services? 4) How did WARIDI’s livelihoods activities under IR3 address the challenges experienced by women and youth in identifying income generating activities relating to WASH?

The study was conducted in Mufindi and Kilolo (Iringa zone) and for Morogoro zone in Kilosa, Kilombero and Gairo. Preliminary findings suggest that:

• There was a greater integration of WARIDI’s activities from the beginning to the end. • Use of the Community Facilitation Team (CFT) approach in Lulanzi and Kanolo during UPWARD activity was very useful as they are from the same community, knowledge remained and caused a snowball effect. • WARIDI effectively supported women to participate in meetings about water which is a sensitive issue to them. This built their confidence overall and to vie for different positions in village government decision making bodies. For example, following the UPWARD intervention in Kanolo, the Village Chairperson is now a woman and in other areas the number of female sub-village chairpersons increased from zero to seven. In Lulanzi, out of WARIDI’s six trained CFTs, five vied for village government positions and are now leaders representing sub-villages. • Comparing the Iringa zone villages of Lulzanzi where UPWARD was implemented and Usokami where it was not, Lulanzi has actively supported women and youth to speak and attend meetings as compared to Usokami where youth were hesitant to speak and less frequently attend meetings. • In all three areas of Morogoro zone men said they are now supporting women in their traditionally-held roles such as fetching water as water is now close by. Before that, they were feeling shy to fetch in the rivers and local wells.

In Q2 the Gender and Youth Specialist worked with IR3 Livelihoods Team in Kibengu and Usokami in Mufindi for follow-up with trained farmers on adoption of technologies and to identify youth champions for an upcoming life skills training. In Usokami, the Advisor met with a bee-keeping group to address gender issues in their community such as women not participating/contributing in meetings and women failing to participate in income generating activities and depending on men. The Advisor also engaged with Mufindi DCDO to discuss the Women and Youth funds within the LGA and agreed on the ways which Kibengu and Usokami can access these funds. Challenges identified were understaffing of government positions at the Ward level such as the CDO, Agriculture Officer and Forestry Officer which reduces the flow of information to women and youth groups and unregistered groups on available opportunities such as Women and Youth Funds and trainings provided by the LGA.

GIYI results reporting, documentation and dissemination of best practices In Q1 the Gender and Youth Specialist facilitated two dissemination meetings on the UPWARD endline evaluation findings in Kilolo and Kilombero District Councils. Participants included DEDs, DCDOs, Gender Officers, members from the community level, CFTs, formal and informal leaders from Ward and Village levels, women’s groups who were trained during UPWARD implementation and COWSO Leaders. Presentations focused on UPWARD implementation, training modules, facilitation tools used and end-line evaluation findings. The Councils promised to include issues learned from UPWARD in their activity plans to ensure increased meaningful participation of women in water related decision making. WARIDI translated the UPWARD brief into Swahili which will be distributed to various stakeholders and during dissemination events to enable knowledge sharing. Sustainability

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GIZ Tanzania requested permission from WARIDI to use its UPWARD training manuals for the purpose of increasing meaningful participation of women in its project activities located in Kilimanjaro and Arusha. This sharing is part of WARIDI’s sustainability strategy, and the tools were branded according to USAID’s marking and branding guidelines. This will enable replication of UPWARD in other areas of the country to address social norms which hinder women’s participation in water resources decision making. WARIDI is continuing to share its experience with other organizations and implementing partners to ensure its scaling into other areas of the country.

Sub-Task 4.1.2 Implement Gender Integration and Youth Inclusion Across WARIDI

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA R S CATO ES M L ACTORS R

GIYI results reporting, Success LGAs, 2.5 Q1 - Q4 Shared documentation and stories, RUWASA, UPWARD

dissemination of best meetings, field Grantees results during practices visits DPG, prepared success stories, shared results during LGA meetings.

Support training of Training, LGAs, 3.1 Q1 & Q2 In youth on life skills and exchange Financial Collaboration livelihoods visits, linkages institutions, s with IR 3, BDS 35 Youth providers, IPs were trained on GIYI

Issue Gender Certificates LGAs, 2.5 Q1 - Q4 Gender Champion Award to COWSOs, Champions

external actors who RUWASA, for Q2 and advance gender WUAS, Q4 were equality within their SWASH sphere of influence awarded Provide technical Meetings, COWSOs, 2.5 Q1 - Q4 Worked with support to other IRs phone calls, RUWASA IR3 to design on as needed basis FGDs, KIIs youth training and exposure visit; worked with IR2 for NWB training, support;

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Sub-Task 4.1.2 Implement Gender Integration and Youth Inclusion Across WARIDI

MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA R S CATO ES M L ACTORS R

support IR1 on COWSO learning research

Sub-Task 4.1.3 Increase Women’s and Youth Decision-making

In Q4, UPWARD findings were shared to the National Water Board members during a joint GIYI and WRM Training. The participants were introduced to UPWARD activity final evaluation findings. This presentation included the activity’s geographic scope, methodology used such as formulation of CFTs, training modules for leaders and women and the use of vignettes in qualitative research. Participants learned about social norms which hinder women’s participation in water related decision making and results after the interventions. Overall, the presentation stimulated discussion among participants on the UPWARD activity.

The Gender Champion Award for Q4 went to Mr. Hussein Seif (WARIDI’s driver from Iringa) who has demonstrated strong leadership efforts and taken initiative for learning about GIYI, which is not in his normal line of duty, and for supporting the Livelihoods and Sanitation technical teams to train communities on gender equity.

Mr. Seif is supporting a community on sanitation awareness (Left). COP and Gender and Youth Specialist handing over the GIYI award to Mr. Seif (Right)

Disseminate UPWARD results at UNC Water & Health conference The Gender and Youth Specialist attended and presented during the International Conference on Water and Health at the University of North Carolina (UNC) in the USA. The meeting was attended by 648 practitioners, researchers and policy makers from all over the world. WARIDI presented on “Increasing women’s participation in water related decision making by transforming social norms” focusing on how UPWARD was implemented. WARIDI was also invited for a plenary session as one

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of the panellists together with World Bank, UNICEF, USAID and UNC on “What will it take to close the gender gap in WASH” sharing WARIDI’s experience and solutions that support gender parity.

USAID invited WARIDI to attend and present its GIYI work during the Development Partners Group meeting on Gender Equality (DPG-GE) held in Q2. The presentation focused on WARIDI’s support for increasing women’s participation in water related decision making through social norms change. Participants included 34 men and 31 women from Embassies and UN organizations. WARIDI presented an overview of the Activity, GIYI activities, and UPWARD and end-line evaluation findings. The DPG-GE congratulated WARIDI on its implementation of UPWARD and urged WARIDI to continue sharing the experience so it can be scaled up and replicated in other areas.

In Q2 WARIDI participated in the International Women’s Day activities at Morogoro which was commemorated at Mkuyuni Village, Morogoro DC with the theme “Equal generation for current Tanzania’s Development and Sustainability.” The guest of honour was the District Commissioner (DC), Regina Chonjo. The event was also attended by the District Executive Director- Rehema Bwasi, Heads of Departments, LGA’s staff from ward to village levels, NGOs and the community. The DC encouraged gender integration across areas of development. She expressed appreciation for the good work WARIDI is doing on GIYI related to providing trainings to LGA officials and the continuation of follow-up progress meetings. WARIDI awarded Morogoro LGA with a Gender Champion Award due to their commitment towards integration of GIYI. The LGA has ensured GIYI is part of their plans, budgets and activities as compared to other LGAs.

WARIDI Gender and Youth Specialist handing over Gender Champion Award to the Morogoro DC District Commissioner, Regina Chonjo. Looking on is the DED Rehema Bwasi and DCDO Florence Mwambene.

In Q2 the Gender Team submitted two abstracts titled, “Increasing Women and Youth Meaningful Participation in Water Resources Management” and “Uplifting Women's Participation in Water- related Decision-making by Transforming Social Norms” to the Maji Week scientific conference. Both

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abstracts were accepted: one for oral presentation and the other for poster presentation, but unfortunately the conference was cancelled due to the threat of COVID-19.

Sub-Task 4.1.3 Increase Women’s and Youth’s Decision-Making MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNA R S CATO ES M L ACTORS R

Disseminate UPWARD Deskwork, Q1 Completed. results at UNC Water Poster Participated in & Health conference presentation UNC Conference

Package UPWARD Facilitation MOW, Q1 & Q2 UPWARD tools and guides for guides RUWASA brief report handover to WARIDI was stakeholders translated from English to Swahili. Manual shared with GIZ.

Task 4.2 Communications

Sub-Task: 4.2.1 Promote USAID/WARIDI Brand Among Key Stakeholders In FY20 USAID/WARIDI increased its visibility through strategic outreach using both print and electronic media communication channels. A WARIDI Communications and Outreach Plan was prepared to identify communications priorities in FY20. News on WARIDI works were published in various outlets including: USAID and partner websites, blogs, Twitter pages, and Facebook pages to commemorate events of Tanzanian and international significance such as Saba Saba, Maji Week, World Environment Day, Earth Day, Menstrual Hygiene Day, World Water Monitoring Day and others. The Activity received extensive media coverage at local, national and global levels. 11 success stories were approved and used in four issues of the WARIDI Newsletter which were produced and disseminated to a distribution list greater than 500 during FY20. A 2020 calendar showing WARIDI interventions was produced and distributed to 20 LGAs and other partners. Major media outlets covered USAID/WARIDI Activity including the Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation (TBC), Independent Television (ITV), Guardian (IPP Media) and Mwananchi Communication Limited (the Citizen and Mwananchi Newspapers).

In Q4 the WARIDI Newsletter was shared to the readers through mailing list and it was also uploaded to the IPP Media website reaching 1.3 million people who viewed the page. 207,924 users of IPP Media saw the WARIDI’s August newsletter and the average time they spent reading the newsletter was 02:52 minutes. Additionally, 71,980 people on Twitter saw WARIDI’s article in the Guardian newspaper which discusses how WARIDI is supporting the private sector to deliver WASH products and services. Social media content and a success story on “Citizen Science” were prepared for Global Water Monitoring Day and posted on the USAID/Tanzania website, Twitter and Facebook pages. Four WARIDI abstracts were submitted and accepted for presentation at the University of North Carolina (UNC) International Conference on Water and Health to be held in October 2020. Social media

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contents focusing on WARIDI livelihood interventions were prepared and shared with the DOC for use on their social media platforms.

During Q1 the Communications Specialist worked with stakeholders to promote the USAID/WARIDI brand by advising, developing and reviewing branding materials for Water Users Associations (WUAs) and ensure branding compliance for 33 new water schemes. Updates to the project fact sheet in both English and Swahili were completed. The Newsletter was uploaded on the IPP Media website, one of the leading media houses in Tanzania. Production of six WARIDI documentaries on water resources management, water supply, sanitation and livelihoods were also finalized. Videos showing Activity works were featured in the US Embassy, 'Ubalozini Leo' live show and in the Citizen newspapers.

In Q2 a leading television station in Tanzania, ITV, covered the handover of 1,960 Certificates of Customary Rights of Occupancy (CCROs) in three villages of Magana (Kilolo District), Msufini (Mvomero District) and Nguyami (Gairo District). IPP Media reported that at the time of these broadcasts, approximately 20 million people were watching. During Tanzania’s Water Week Scientific Conference leading up to World Water Day, seven abstracts for presentation were submitted and accepted out of a total of 90 received by the review committee. Although the conference was not held due to COVID-19, the abstracts have been published in the Book of Abstracts and shared broadly by the Ministry of Water.

In Q3 the Communications Specialist continued to implement WARIDI’s Outreach and Communications Plan which led to significant media coverage. Three news stories featuring WARIDI activities were published in both print (Guardian Newspaper) and uploaded on the online version of the newspaper reaching an estimated 45,000 readers. The WARIDI Newsletter was prepared and disseminated to over 500 readers including the list of journalists interested in water resources management and then uploaded by IPP media where it reached over 1.3 million people. The WARIDI exposure story, Harnessing the Digital Cloud was uploaded by Tetra Tech social media platforms and was promoted by USAID Tanzania social media. Globalwaters.org also published a WARIDI blog and video Improvements to Water Supply in Tanzania Through Enabling Local Management.

For a summary of outreach and communications results in FY20 see Annex 12.

Sub-Task: 4.2.1 Promote USAID/WARIDI Brand Among Key Stakeholders During FY20 the Communications Specialist implemented activities which promoted USAID/WARIDI’s brand, increased visibility, promoted the work the Activity is doing and supported development and review of branded products. Key activities included: • Developed WARIDI communications materials such as success stories and shared these with local media after collaborating with the DOC and COR on required approvals. • Provided branding support for printing of posters with key COVID-19 messages on handwashing for each community where WARIDI is working. Posters were developed by the Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children and printed and distributed with support from WARIDI. Also, support was provided on branding of SWASH latrines. • Organized and facilitated a media interview between WARIDI COP and Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation (TBC1) journalists. • Held a meeting with Shahidi wa Maji to discuss support for WRM journalism recognition awards. Unfortunately, this activity did not move forward in FY20 due to COVID-19.

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SUB-TASK: 4.2.1 Promote USAID/WARIDI Brand Among Key Stakeholders MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMEN INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNAL CATO R TS ES M ACTORS/ R INSTITUTIO NS Ensure - Advise Partners Q1-Q4 Ongoing USAID/WARIDI - Get 10 WUAs branding approval LGAs marks/stickers are - Monitor Printing placed in WUAs’ compliance Company equipment purchased by WARIDI Support IR1 in Obtain USAID 1.1 Q1 – Q4 Completed. branding of signposts branding Water in all new water approval schemes, schemes and all SWASH activities in effective latrines, and branding other branding. Support partners in -Advise -Partners All Q1- Q4 Completed preparing their -Obtain -USAID throughout communications approval -IRUWASA FY20 branding materials that include USAID logos

Update WARIDI -Get new Printing All Q1 – Q4 Updated in branding materials pictures Company Q1 and Q4 (Factsheets, etc.) with -Design & and new contents & printing submitted to photos + results USAID achieved

Support WRM USAID, Media Q2 Conducted a journalism Council of virtual recognition activities Tanzania, BWBs, meeting with through awards e.g., Water Witness Shahidi wa Water Witness Maji. Due to COVID-19 the activity was suspended.

Sub-Task: 4.2.2 Raise Public Awareness about USAID/WARIDI Activity, Interventions and Successes

The Communications Specialists continued to implement WARIDI’s Outreach and Communications Plan which led to significant public awareness during Q4 and throughout FY20. Key achievements included: More than 10 news posts on WARIDI works were published in various social media outlets during the quarter including USAID and partner websites, blogs, and Twitter and Facebook pages to commemorate various events of international significance. Highlighted examples include in commemoration of World Youth Skills Day:

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• https://twitter.com/USAIDTanzania/status/1283309174626156544 • https://twitter.com/USAIDTanzania/status/1283309830237827072 • https://twitter.com/USAIDTanzania/status/1293437692072669184?s=20 • https://twitter.com/USAIDTanzania/status/1293453165174587394?s=20

The WARIDI Newsletter for October, February, June and August 2020 were shared with readers and was uploaded on IPP Media website. A total 1.3 million people viewed the page as uploaded per each issue. • https://www.ippmedia.com/en/features/tanzania%20water%20resources-integration- development-initiative • https://www.ippmedia.com/en/features/usaidwaridi-supports-cowso-capacity-improved- water-supplies • https://www.ippmedia.com/en/features/supporting%20improved-sanitation-hygiene-and- health-rural-communitie • https://www.ippmedia.com/en/features/private-sector%20helps-ensure-sustainable- availability-sanitation The WARIDI Activity was featured in the Water & Wastewater Digest and USAID East Africa Twitter page. • https://www.wwdmag.com/data-acquisition-systems/going-beyond-data-effective-water-data-management • https://twitter.com/USAIDEastAfrica/status/1301079203174125568?s=19

A success story on “Citizen Science” was prepared for global Water Monitoring Day and posted on the USAID/Tanzania website and Twitter and Facebook pages. • https://www.usaid.gov/tanzania/news/using-citizen-science-hydroclimate-monitoring- sustainable-water-resources • https://twitter.com/USAIDTanzania/status/1306840436183642113 • https://twitter.com/USAIDTanzania/status/1306849430537211908 https://twitter.com/USAIDTanzania/status/1306838823872102409 Commemorations of global events including World Environment Day and Earth Day were observed with more than 10 social media posts and USAID website content developed. Likewise, several WARIDI abstracts were submitted and accepted for presentation at the University of North Carolina (UNC) International Conference on Water and Health to be held in October 2020.

SUB-TASK: 4.2.2 Raise Public Awareness about USAID/WARIDI Activity, Interventions and Successes MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTER COMMENT INPUTS/AC MECHANIS EXTERNAL CATOR S TIVITIES M ACTORS/ INSTITUTI ONS Support Advise, edit IRUWASA 1.1-3.4 Q1- Q4 and Produced, stakeholder’s information BWB Q1 of FY21 Disseminated awareness products Media house WARIDI and LGAs, newsletter sensitization RUWASA and news on IWRM articles. through Multiple WARIDI television Newsletter, segments on Success WARIDI stories, activity aired. Documentarie

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SUB-TASK: 4.2.2 Raise Public Awareness about USAID/WARIDI Activity, Interventions and Successes MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTER COMMENT INPUTS/AC MECHANIS EXTERNAL CATOR S TIVITIES M ACTORS/ INSTITUTI ONS s, and other strategic communicatio ns activities Produce and collect USAID 1.1 – 3.4 Q1- Q4 and Developed, disseminate contents Designer Q1 of FY21 disseminated Bi-Monthly -Design WARIDI WARIDI -Obtain newsletter on Newsletter Approvals Quarterly and 4 Success basis. Also 11 stories (3 per approved quarter) success stories were used for multiple purposes. Design, print -Content Printing 1.1-3.4 Q1 Done in Q1 and preparation company disseminate -Contract Communicati with printer ons Materials such as booklets, 2020 calendar (Shared to best performing COWSO, villages, RUWASA offices, LGA, MoW) Prepare and -Preparation -LGAs Q1 Both English, disseminate of content -COWSOs Swahili Factsheet for -distribute to versions of WARIDI LGAs Factsheet intervention were in each LGA developed in in Swahili and Q1; shared to English technical staff and partners as applicable Share results -Content USAID 1.1-3.4 Q1- Q4 and Documentarie of learning preparation & Q1 of FY21 s depicting and WARIDI approval WARIDI impacts works were through aired by

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SUB-TASK: 4.2.2 Raise Public Awareness about USAID/WARIDI Activity, Interventions and Successes MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTER COMMENT INPUTS/AC MECHANIS EXTERNAL CATOR S TIVITIES M ACTORS/ INSTITUTI ONS various USAID social communicatio media. Local ns channels in media also communities, used WARIDI the two documentarie basins, in East s. Africa and globally Support and -Preparation USAID, Q4 Completed facilitate of partners, with first close-out communicatio GoT, others event learning event n materials expected in for USAID, and Q1 FY21. GoT and presentations development on activity partners lessons learned, results, and outcomes

Sub-Task: 4.2.3 Build WARIDI Institutional Communication Capacity to Implement and Manage Activities During Q4 the Communications Specialist supported technical staff (IR1, IR2, GIYI teams) and Engagement Agents to produce eight success stories. Support was also provided on how to capture good photos. The Communications Specialist also continued to update WARIDI Google Drive where USAID, WARIDI technical staff, and partners can access Activity information.

SUB-TASK: 4.2.3 Build WARIDI Institutional Communication Capacity to Implement and Manage Activities MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMEN INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNAL CATO R TS ES M ACTORS/ R INSTITUTIO NS Support, guide Advising, USAID 1.1 Q1, Q2, Provided WARIDI Staff to take guiding, Q3 technical pictures throughout Archiving, support to construction of water updating a teams on schemes and during share point how to implementation of all on Google capture good activities Drive photos Support staff and Advising and LGA 1.1-3.4 Q1 – Q4 Supported Engagement Agents Editing their BWB EAs and to produce success work PO-LARG technical stories on monthly teams in basis developing

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SUB-TASK: 4.2.3 Build WARIDI Institutional Communication Capacity to Implement and Manage Activities MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUARTE COMMEN INPUTS/ACTIVITI MECHANIS EXTERNAL CATO R TS ES M ACTORS/ R INSTITUTIO NS eight stories from their respective areas of work. Facilitate staff to Advising and LGA 1.1-3.4 Q1- Q4 Supported document important Editing their BWB and Q1 of teams in lessons learned and work PO-LARG, FY21 documentati share these with key MOW on works audiences COWSOs, including RUWASA ODF Grant Close-out Report and Grant and UPWARD disseminatio n Sub-Task 4.2.4: Strengthen Capacity, Linkages and Collaborative Partnerships with Stakeholders The Communications Specialist provided branding support for printing posters with key COVID- 19 messages on handwashing in collaboration with the Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender Elderly and Children. Developed posters were distributed to WARIDI supported communities. The Communication Specialist engaged with journalists from TBC, IPP Media, Channel 10 and Mwananchi Communications Limited to air WARIDI documentaries, publish developed news articles and to analyze statistics on number of people reached.

SUB-TASK: 4.2.4 Strengthen Capacity, Linkages and Collaborative Partnerships with Stakeholders MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUART COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVIT MECHANIS EXTERNAL CATO ER S IES M ACTORS/ R INSTITUTIO NS Support Advise, edit WAMI/RUVU & 2.7 Q3-Q4 There were WAMI/RUVU and and design BWBs discussions on RUFIJI BWBs to contents the mode of implement their implementatio communications n and needed Strategies support. The task is scheduled for Q1 FY 21 Conduct Advise, edit LGAs, 1.1 -3.4 Q1-Q4 Engaged and Communications and and design IRUWASA, shared outreach activities contents, MoW, communicatio share Communities n products

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SUB-TASK: 4.2.4 Strengthen Capacity, Linkages and Collaborative Partnerships with Stakeholders MAJOR DELIVERY KEY INDI- QUART COMMENT INPUTS/ACTIVIT MECHANIS EXTERNAL CATO ER S IES M ACTORS/ R INSTITUTIO NS WARIDI Media with communicatio organizations, journalists ns guide Printing from TBC, companies Mwananchi Communicati ons and IPP Media houses Share WARIDI and Engage -TOT farmers, Q1-Q4 Developed partners tools and WARIDI LGAs presentation resources during trained -New Partners and abstracts MAJI Week, farmers to for Sanitation Sabasaba, Nane participate Week and exhibitions, World Water Week Toilet Day and Scientific Sanitation Week to Conferences. showcase WARIDI Seven work abstracts were selected for presentation during Water Week and four for the UNC Water and Health Conference. Engage media in Facilitate Journalists 1.1 Q1-Q4 Large commissioning of the Journalists commissioning Water schemes ceremonies for water schemes were postponed due to COVID-19 Support Content LGA’s, TGNP, 2.5 Q1 Done in Q1 dissemination of preparation MOW, UPWARD results -Contract MoHCDGEC, and other program with printer USAID TZ and results WASH local and International fora

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SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND INNOVATION

Throughout FY20 WARIDI leveraged the power of science, technology and innovation in collaboration with Tanzanian partners. The areas of sanitation data management, water data management, solar technology, and training on innovative technical solutions for water resources management offered new and proven approaches to supporting sustainable development. Areas where WARIDI made significant contributions in FY20 are highlighted below.

AQUARIUS Time Series Hydrological Data Management The hydrometric networks in Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji basins are made up of more than 100 hydrometric stations. An assessment by WARIDI in 2016-17, showed that more than half of these stations had no water flow rating curves, while the rating curves for the remaining stations were inaccurate for low and high discharge values. Rating curves are critical for water resources management and permitting decisions. The assessment also found that no routine surface water quality monitoring activities were taking place in the Basins.

To address these deficiencies, WARIDI purchased equipment under in-kind grants to the BWBs which included weather stations, fiberglass and inflatable rubber boats, water quality testing kits, land surveying equipment, water-level gauges, rangefinders and other specialized equipment for field and office operations. WARIDI supported basin staff to install and operationalize new river flow measurement equipment including the Sontek M9 ADCP with RTK GPS. Nine (9) hydrographers from the Rufiji BWB and eight (8) hydrographers from Wami/Ruvu BWB were trained on the operations and maintenance of this new equipment. The hydrographers then conducted medium and high-flow river measurements in several rivers in each basin. The Rufiji BWB was able to conduct a measurement of a significantly high flow of over 1,460 m3/s in Kilombero River at Swero, which was the first flood measurement conducted at this site in over 40 years.

WARIDI successfully revised recommendations of the environmental flow requirements at the Kilombero Valley using improved historical hydrological time-series generated through the AQUARIUS robust rating curve tool. WARIDI supported both basins to install AQUARIUS Time- Series Software, trained the hydrographers and produced sets of guidelines and procedures on how to use it to redevelop rating curves for priority stations. “The introduction of the Aquarius software for water data management made it possible to redevelop rating curves using a robust conceptual model that requires far less field data,” according to Dr. Valimba, one of the water experts who worked for WARIDI on Updating the IRRIP2 Environmental Flow Requirements in Kilombero River Basin. “Comparison of the rating curves developed in the past by other tools and the ones developed using Aquarius in Kilombero Basin, confirms that Aquarius is the best tool”, says Paschal Qutaw, Head of Hydrology Department in Wami/Ruvu Basin Water Board.

The improved data and analysis have enabled the production of the 5th Hydrological Yearbook (HYB) which covers the calendar years 2010 – 2019. This is the first Hydrological Yearbook since the time period 1971 – 1980. The data and analysis in this 5th Yearbook would not have been possible without the use of this new equipment and software, specifically the water flow monitoring, ADC, Q-Liner, ADCP, HYDATA, AQUARIUS and training provided by WARIDI. The rating curves developed for different stations were developed by selected and approved tools of HYDATA, AQUARIUS and using Microsoft Excel. These tools were tested and checked using performance criteria such as confidence of determination, visual inspection and other statistical parameters. Out of 45 river gauging stations for which data qualified and was selected for publishing in the Hydrological Yearbook, 18 stations are from Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji Basins. The online publication Water & Wastes Digest published a story on this work called “Going Beyond the Data: Effective Water Data Management.”

Citizen Science for Monitoring the Weather WARIDI’s citizen science initiative has matched and deployed 34 low-cost automatic weather stations with identified government and private sector partners. These 34 automatic weather

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stations have supported the Basin Water Boards and Ministry of water to improve their climatological monitoring network. Partners have been oriented on the proper handling of installed stations for sustainability purposes and sharing of data with the BWBs. The installed automatic weather stations are set to record climatic information at 15-minute intervals which will support the availability of sufficient data for the BWBs and partners to make informed decisions and plans on management of water resources, farming and related activities. USAID/Tanzania published a success story on “Using Citizen-Science in Hydroclimate Monitoring for Sustainable Water Resources Management.”

Mapping Climate Vulnerability of River Basin Communities in Tanzania to Inform Resilience Interventions The Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji basins in Tanzania provide water to three large urban centers of Dar es Salaam, Dodoma and Morogoro. As described in a recent journal article collaboratively published with the RCMRD during Q4, “increased demand for ecosystem services from the available surface water resources and a decreasing supply of clean and safe water are exacerbating the vulnerability of communities in these basins.” WARIDI mapped the vulnerability of communities in the two basins using biophysical and socioeconomic indicators of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. The vulnerability “hotspots” showed where communities are at greatest risk from climate variability and change and served as basis for WARIDI to identify priority sites for resilience building interventions. See “Mapping Climate Vulnerability of the River Basin Communities in Tanzania to Inform Resilience Interventions.”

National Sanitation Management Information System (NSMIS) WARIDI significantly contributed to the development and utilization of the NSMIS. WARIDI is proud to have supported its practical utilization across 14 LGAs. The NSMIS allows LGAs to keep track of sanitation and hygiene status, creating accountability and improving decision-making around sanitation programming. This has improved reporting from 44.9 percent on-time to 85 percent on-time since WARIDI began working with the Morogoro, Iringa, Njombe, Mbeya and Pwani regions. WARIDI has also supported local government authorities to make sanitation registers available in every sub-village where the Activity is working, provided data aggregation forms, (Household Registers-Form A-1 & Form A-2 respectively) and supported local government to lead behaviour change by facilitating travel, printing T-shirts, and making quarterly results possible. WARIDI support has increased timely, realistic and reliable sanitation and hygiene data submitted to the Ministry of Health each quarter.

Table 16: Improvements in On-time Reporting Region 2017 (Oct-Dec) 2019 (Oct-Dec) Mbeya 27.9 66.7 Morogoro 19 92.7 Njombe 12.8 67.5 Pwani 78.9 98.1 Iringa 86.1 100 Average 45% 85% Source: NSMIS

Solar Water Pumping WARIDI is using solar water pumping technology in its Nyameni, Maharaka, and Ilakala water schemes to address inadequate electrical access in these communities. These three communities have limited or no available electricity due to their remote locations. Diesel-powered generators or investments in electrification would be required to provide electricity which would incur high operating costs. While solar has a high capital investment cost, it can have a very low operating and maintenance cost as compared to diesel generators, having zero fuel costs. These environmentally

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friendly systems are easy to maintain and operate. Low operating costs in solar pumping systems means the communities can save on operating expenses and invest in service expansions delivery in the future as well as offering lower water tariffs to consumers. For example: WARIDI estimates annual electricity costs per beneficiary of USD 0.52, 0.59, 0.67 and 1.31 for Mandela, Ulonge/ Lundamatwe, Magole and Mbigiri pumped schemes, which would be available for re-investment. The solar water pumping systems are supplying basic drinking water to approximately 8,078 people.

Enhancement of hydroclimate data quality and coverage using GeoCLIM and Early Warning Explorer (EWX) In FY20 WARIDI continued working with Regional Centre for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD) through their SERVIR East and Southern Africa project and Citizen Science stakeholders to improve the BWBs capacity to provide meteorological and climatological data and analyses through the integration of Earth Observation. BWB technicians were given training on the use of Early Warning Explorer and GeoCLIM. The Early Warning eXplorer (EWX) software is an interactive web-based mapping tool that allows users to visualize continental-scale rainfall estimate (RFE), land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data and anomalies at varied time steps and conduct time series analyses. GeoCLIM is a spatial analysis tool designed for climatological analysis of historical rainfall and temperature data. GeoCLIM provides non-scientists with an array of accessible analysis tools for climate-smart agricultural development. These user friendly tools can be used to obtain and analyse climate data, blend station data with satellite data to create more accurate datasets, analyse seasonal trends and/or historical climate data, create visual representations of climate data, create scripts (batch files) to quickly and efficiently analyse similar “batches” of climate data, view and/or edit shapefiles and raster files, and extract statistics from raster datasets to create time series. Rainfall Data from 20+ stations in both Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji went through data quality checks and later merging/blending the stations data with satellite estimates (CHIRPS) to enhance rainfall temporal and spatial distribution. These tools have enabled the BWBs to better analyse, visualize and integrate available datasets into their own water allocation and planning needs.

Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP) WARIDI supported the upgrading and modernization of data management systems through training and support to the Basin Water Boards on hydrological monitoring equipment. The Rufiji BWB was supported to conduct high-water level monitoring at the Little Ruaha river in order to capture a high- flow discharge measurement with a SONTEK M9 ADCP provided by USAID/WARIDI. It was the first high flow measurement at the new bridge, and the BWB’s rating curve and station report were updated accordingly. The measurement files were stored in Aquarius, also supported by USAID/WARIDI. The recorded discharge was the highest recorded level since 1966. The ADCP profiles reveal how water currents vary with depth and across the river channel. By repeating the same section measurements at later times, the BWB can see how current distributions are changing across the river and through time. Advantages of the ADCP technology are that it is accurate, safer for staff than other measurement techniques, samples rapidly, and displays discharge results as soon as the river transect is completed.

MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES

COVID-19 and Impact on Program Implementation The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported in 2019 and the first cases were reported in Tanzania in Q2. At the end of Q2, the number of COVID-19 cases confirmed in the country had reached 284. Following this outbreak, the government of Tanzania (GoT) prohibited large gatherings, suspended all international flights and was sharing regular updates on the growing number of COVID- 19 cases. During Q3 confirmed COVID-19 cases continued rising and on 29th April 2020 the Prime Minister of Tanzania confirmed 480 positive cases, 37 recoveries and sixteen (16) deaths for mainland Tanzania. On 7th May 2020, Tanzania's semi-autonomous island of Zanzibar reported 29 new cases

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and 32 deaths. These were the last official reports on the pandemic. Based on these events and guidance from USAID, Tetra Tech provided a contingency plan that incorporated actions to be taken to maintain implementation and operations as feasible while protecting staff, partners and the public. This plan was shared and discussed with USAID weekly and continued being regularly updated as the situation evolved in Q2 and Q3.

Many technical activities continued to be implemented with the Activity adapting to the Government and USAID’s recommendations for preventative measures to reduce risk to staff, the public, and program implementation. The suspension of public gatherings, suspension of all international travel, including support from outside the country, and necessity to limit all but essential travel inside the country had an adverse impact on several activities throughout the remainder of the reporting period. These included: • For IR1, most construction activities continued but with limited community engagement and on-site construction activities implementing additional safety measures. For example, community participation activities such as community meetings were limited to only a few essential participants and social distancing of at least one meter was maintained. This adversely impacted trench digging and other community participation. Training activities to CBWSOs were postponed. WARIDI stopped carrying out bid openings for RFQs and RFPs at public meetings and instead did this through video recordings to ensure transparency. The videos were then sent to all vendors who submitted bids. • For IR2, activities postponed and therefore delayed included the abstraction survey in Wami/Ruvu, migration of hydroclimate and groundwater data into and integration of gridded data with AQUARIUS, enhancement of stakeholders awareness through media engagement, WUAs constitutions reviews, installation of radar sensors, WUAs end-line survey, and the Performance Assessment Framework (PAF) assessment for the two BWBs. Most of the activities were re-scheduled for implementation between Q4 FY20 and Q2 FY21. WARIDI proposed cancellation of one activity: re-sensitization activities to communities within the 10 WUAs jurisdiction areas on WRM issues and this has been reflected in the revised FY20-21 AWP. • For IR3, postponed activities included B2B events with partners organized for several LGAs to identify and engage regional and local distributors and wholesalers for WASH products and mason trainings by LIXIL. The delayed activities were rescheduled to be carried out and finalized in Q4 as the COVID-19 situation improved and with additional safety measures. Similarly, livelihoods interventions such as training for youth champions exposure visits and lead farmers training on basic extension services delivery were not possible to conduct according to the schedule and completed during Q4. WARIDI proposed and USAID approved cancellation of one activity: Identify and select innovative farmers and support demonstrations of rainwater harvesting solutions along with kitchen gardens in selected dryer area water schemes Most technical staff worked remotely throughout Q3 when some staff were able to return to office. Teleworking was mandatory during much of the quarter with all technical, administrative and operations staff either teleworking with limited access to the office following required protocols. Meetings took place via Microsoft Teams and Skype as well as regular communications by phone and email. Normal in-person events such as weekly staff meetings and bid openings were shifted to take place virtually.

Although the GoT has provided no new updates on COVID-19 cases since Q3, reports from other East African countries and elsewhere globally showed that in neighbouring Kenya and Rwanda the cases have continued to rise. Despite this fact, the Tanzanian Prime Minister, through a speech released to Parliament on 15 June 2020, declared that there were only 66 COVID-19 cases under hospital care in 10 Regions. This was echoed by the President’s announcement of 16 June 2020 instructing all schools across the country to be reopened on 29 June 2020. Together with other considerations, this triggered WARIDI’s decision to return to office with several measures to mitigate the spread of COVID-19.

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These included protocols put in place for workplace health and hygiene, personal protective measures in the office, office cleaning, cleaning computers and electronics, and vehicle usage and cleaning, handwashing stations at the entrances of each office, and COVID-19 prevention plans for all in-person group activities. Meetings With Government Officials In Q4 and throughout the year WARIDI met with more 20 local government officials in the course of implementing program activities. In Q4, the Gender and Youth Specialist made a courtesy call to and held discussions with the District Executive Directors (DEDs) for Mufindi DC (Mr. Netho Ndilito) and Kilolo DC (Mr. Lainir Kamendu). The two Directors expressed appreciation for USAID/WARIDI’s activities in their respective LGAs. The WARIDI team was conducting an end-line assessment following GIYI activities implemented by WARIDI in the two districts. During a similar exercise conducted in Gairo district and Ifakara Town, the Gender and Youth Specialist accompanied by the Livelihoods staff paid a courtesy call to Gairo District Commissioner, Siriel Mchembe and Ifakara District Executive Director (DED), Kanyala Mahinda. Both the DED and the DC thanked WARIDI for the support and appreciated activities implemented in their areas. The RUWASA Njombe Regional Manager (Frobert Onesmo Andrea) attended discussions in Q4 between RUWASA District Managers for Njombe (Engineer Elikalia Malisa) and Wanging’ombe (Charles Mengo) with the WARIDI team represented by Water Engineer (Joseph Bujaga) Water Services Lead (Muganyizi Ndyamukama) and COP (Bigambo Nandiga) where they discussed the progress of water projects supported by WARIDI through In-kind Grants to RUWASA Njombe and Wanging’ombe DCs. The Regional Manager expressed his appreciation for the support and his commitment to ensuring successful implementation of supported water projects in the two districts. WARIDI participated at a low-profile local commissioning ceremony of completed IRUWASA water projects in Iringa Municipality in Q4. The ceremony was officiated by IRUWASA Board Chairman, Pascal Muhongole. The Chairman thanked USAID/WARIDI for the support which, according to him, has contributed tremendously to improvement of water supply services in Iringa Urban. The commissioning ,which was held in IRUWASA offices, was followed by a brief field visit to Mawelewe and Kalenga villages. During the field visit the small IRUWASA and WARIDI team visited several newly installed digital meters in Kalenga village and paid a courtesy call to the newly appointed DED for Iringa Rural – Bashir Paul Muhoja. In Q4 the DCOP made courtesy calls to Kilombero District Commissioner, Ismail Mlawa, RUWASA Manager in Ulanga, Eng. David Kaijage, Ulanga District Executive Director, Jonas Mallosa, and Ulanga District Administrative Secretary, Abraham Mwaikwila during planned construction site visits. All expressed appreciation for USAID/WARIDI support. All would like to see USAID continue supporting water and sanitation projects in their districts. The Ulanga District Commissioner, Ms. Ngollo Malenya (Right) being Ulanga RUWASA Manager briefed on WARIDI supported activities at Isyaga water scheme in Q3. intends to replicate the community contribution approach to ensure sustainability and commends WARIDI’s approach of separating construction subcontractors from major purchases of pipes and fittings and bulk purchases of cement and reinforcement bars, which supports timely delivery and quality control.

Value Added Tax (VAT)

WARIDI Annual Report FY20 113 In Q1 the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) suspended Value Added Tax (VAT) Exemptions historically granted to WARIDI. WARIDI held meetings with the TRA Morogoro Regional Manager which were also attended by the Legal Counsel and the COR from USAID and the Morogoro RUWASA Regional Manager. After three months of discussions and with USAID Legal Counsel submitting various legal documents to TRA, the suspension was lifted and WARIDI continued to receive tax relief for ongoing and new purchases upon request. This suspension primarily adversely affected the construction activities scheduled for Q1-Q3. Approvals for exemptions are now often received within a few days of submission of applications. However, in Q4 two suppliers rejected duly approved VAT exemption forms on grounds that the application forms were using the incorrect form. USAID was notified of this and TRA consulted to seek clarification on validity of VAT exemptions. As this report was being prepared, WARIDI received notification from the TRA Regional Manager in Morogoro that WARIDI is using the correct form.

WARIDI submitted the first batch of VAT reimbursement requests to USAID and TRA during Q3 which were mostly comprised of payments made by Winrock to sub-contractors who constructed the first 16 water supply schemes and a few other supplies and services for which VAT was incurred during the suspension of relief in Q1. WARIDI has continued to follow up on two batches of reimbursement requests, one with TRA Regional Manager in Morogoro after clearance from Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) and another still with USAID on its way to the MoFA. Staffing Several staffing changes occurred in FY20. Staff departures included the Sanitation Lead for Morogoro, MEL Specialist for Iringa, Institutional Support Coordinator for Morogoro, Sanitation and Behaviour Change Coordinator, MEL Coordinator, Junior Engineer, and Livelihoods Specialist. The majority of these staff left to accept higher positions in new organizations while others were released due to planned retrenchment as WARIDI completes technical activities. WARIDI experienced the death of a staff member during Q3 as well. Hires and promotions included the Institutional Support Coordinator being filled through an internal promotion, internal promotion of a Sanitation Technical Lead, and the hire of an external MEL Coordinator. Other internal promotions and title changes included the promotion of a MEL Specialist and Fleet Coordinator and Driver. With the Activity slowly coming to its end, WARIDI started implementing a staggered retrenchment process within the reporting period with the first group of six staff released in Q3. These included a Grants Specialist, an Administrative Officer and three Engagement Agents, and Sanitation Assistant. Nine more staff were released in Q4 including an Institutional Support Coordinator, Engagement Coordinator, four Engagement Agents, one MEL Officer, one Office Attendant and one Driver. The Ifakara office was formerly closed on 30th September 2020. Four staff whose operational base was Ifakara were relocated to the Morogoro office including the Engagement and Institutional Support Coordinator (Baraka Mwago), two water engineers (Godfrey Kashasha and Grace Mujuni) and a driver (Frank Assenga). WARIDI worked with 31 intern engineers (5 women and 26 men) at various construction sites in FY20. The interns provided critical daily monitoring at water supply and institutional SWASH project sites. Four interns completed their one-year internships during the quarter. These young engineers gained vital experience in construction monitoring and management by working with WARIDI, and in FY20, they went on to accept jobs with MORUWASA, construction companies, DAWASA, and consulting companies. Reporting and Administration During the reporting period, WARIDI submitted all its mandatory reports on or before schedule. The FY19 Annual and the Q1FY20 were submitted as scheduled on October 31st and on January 30th. WARIDI submitted its Q2 FY20 and Q3 FY20 progress reports early. The COR provided comments for all reports and depending on when comments were received, WARIDI resubmitted the revised versions incorporating the COR’s comments within two to three weeks and the COR approved all reports. Overall, WARIDI reporting continued improving over time, with COR’s comments reducing in both number and strength with each subsequent submission.

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In Q1 WARIDI Field Office received support through a visit by Gwen Caggiano, Home Office Deputy Project Manager (30 October – 24 November 2019). The main purpose for her visit was to cover for the DCOP while he was away on leave. In Q2, Tetra Tech Home Office’s Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist, Scheller Hinkle, visited the field office to support the transition of the MEL Coordinator and conduct data quality assurance. Her trip was cut short by the recommended departure of visitors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Three staff alleged to have been involved in asking for illegal payments from vendors were terminated in Q2 following extensive interviews conducted by a special investigative team with subcontractors and staff. Tetra Tech’s Internal Compliance Committee (ICC) immediately notified USAID of the allegations. Due to the strength of the evidence supporting the allegations, all three staff members were terminated on March 12, 2020. A comprehensive report of findings and recommendations was sent to the COR and CO on April 8, 2020 for review. To manage for these staff terminations, several staffing changes were made to the technical team assignments.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND COMPLIANCE

WARIDI implemented the revised Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) that was approved by USAID in FY19. WARIDI updated its Water Quality Assurance Plan (WQAP) following the changes in National Standards on Drinking Water Quality. This was submitted and approved by USAID in Q3 FY20.

Water Quality and Flows In Q4, WARIDI conducted full water quality testing and flow measurements at in-kind grants sites in Njombe and Wanging’ombe. All schemes are compliant with WARIDI’s WQAP except for e. coli at Isoliwaya and Ihang’ana. WARIDI has recommended that RUWASA Njombe install drip chlorination units at all supported schemes. See Annex 13.

In FY20 water quality testing was conducted for 16 schemes. Flow measurements were also conducted for all gravity schemes, results for water quality testing and flow measurements are attached in the EMMR.

*Arsenic testing using the digital arsenator testing kit

In FY20 water quality treatment units were installed at Nyanzwa, Lugalo, Maduma, Kibengu-Usokami, Sonjo, Lukicha, MIKI, Nyameni, Ilakala, Maharaka, Mandela, Magole sites. In Q2 and Q3 WARIDI experienced a shortage of calcium hypochlorite due to COVID-19 supply chain disruptions. The project has been able to start purchasing calcium hypochlorite for its remaining schemes as of early October.

Construction Rural and Urban Water Supply WARIDI continued to monitor environmental compliance at all construction sites through daily reports from WARIDI interns. No major issues were reported throughout the year except in the

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case of BUMKI for which the community has failed to effectively work with the Tanzania Forest Service to secure the required permit. WARIDI continues to work with TANROAD/TARURA for road crossing permits as required and has worked with village governments to obtain land use agreements with individuals for every civil structure built on privately owned land.

In Q1 five new boreholes were successfully drilled, and pump testing was completed at five schemes for 10 existing boreholes. Borehole drilling at Sinyaulime village was not successful due to poor water quality and low yield (1st attempt had a yield of 14m3/hr. but high salinity, and 2nd and 3rd tests had yields of 3m3/hr. and 2.5m3/hr. respectively). WARIDI worked with the RUWASA Manager for Morogoro DC to facilitate negotiation with Ngerengere and Sinyaulime communities to share the Ngerengere boreholes for both water schemes.

In Q1 WARIDI and USAID staff conducted field visits January 13-17th, 2020. The team8 visited new and ongoing water supply schemes and SWASH activities in Malinyi, Ulanga and Kilombero Districts in Morogoro region. The USAID participants were generally happy with the way WARIDI handled most environmental and safety issues on construction sites. Suggested corrective measures were agreed to including development of sign boards, and zero tolerance for non-use of PPE on-site. These measures were acted on in Q2 including strengthening on-site safety and warning signs at all construction sites and have been reported on in weekly and quarterly progress reports. Table 17: Borehole Yield and Depth for Rural Water Schemes Scheme Yield Depth Type Comments (m3/hour) (m) Kitete 18 79 Existing Will be used for Kitete Scheme Borehole Mgugu 33 10 Existing Will be used for Mgugu for Berega- Borehole Mgugu Scheme Berega 6 8.10 Existing Will be used for Berega for Berega- Borehole Mgugu Scheme Madege new 10 79 New borehole Will be developed for Chakwale-Madege (Chakwale-Madege) Scheme Madege (Chakwale- 24.9 70 Existing Will be developed for Chakwale-Madege Madege) Borehole Scheme Mwaya-chikwela 7.6 110 New borehole Will be used for the Mwaya-Chkiwela scheme Igumbilo new 9 100 New borehole Will be used for Igumbilo scheme Ngerengere existing 8 115 Existing Will be used for Ngerengere/Sinyaulime 1 Borehole Schemes Ngerengere existing 20 70 Existing Will be used for Ngerengere/Sinyaulime 2 Borehole Schemes Duthumi 1 34.5 55 Existing Will be used for Duthumi Scheme Borehole Mfulu 16 92 New borehole Will be used for Mfulu Scheme

In-Kind Grants WARIDI continued to monitor construction progress at the Njombe RUWASA sites (Igombola, Ikondo, Isoliwaya, and Ihang’ana). To date, no issues have been reported. At Ikondo, the flow rate from the intake is insufficient per the design and RUWASA is making further improvements to the intake to ensure the pump and sump well function properly. In early Q4, WARIDI awarded an in- kind grant to RUWASA Wanging’ombe to rehabilitate Isiigeide scheme. A site selection form was

8 The USAID Team comprised of Eng. Boniphace Marwa (Irrigation and Infrastructure Specialist) and Dosteus Lopa (Environmental Management Specialist), while the WARIDI team comprised of Engs. Muganyizi Ndyamukama (WASH Technical Services Lead) and Bigambo Nandiga (COP).

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completed and approved by USAID and a monitoring and mitigation report was developed. WARIDI supported the Rufiji Basin BWO to conduct environmental flow testing, which showed a flow discharge of 0.001m3/sec, though, it was found that practically, the flow rate was much higher. However, water was not reaching storage tanks due pipeline leakages and cuts. The COWSO and RUWASA Wanging’ombe continue to work on these issues including fixing leakages and working with villages in Mufindi who are damaging pipes during their farming and livestock rearing activities.

SWASH WARIDI continued to monitor construction for compliance with the EMMP at Kilolo and Iringa SWASH sites where construction was still on-going in Q4. Schools were supported to develop Operations Maintenance and Sustainability plans as a mitigation measure to ensure longevity of the services. These plans support SWASH committees to raise funds for O&M, in addition to providing clear roles and responsibilities.

Water Resources Management Emphasis on ensuring water sources are protected as stipulated in WRM Act, 2009 was included during the review of 10 constitutions for WUAs during Q4. For example, the 60 meter buffer zone from water sources is now clearly indicated in the revised constitutions as compared to the existing constitutions which did not account for this.

Livelihoods In Q4 the WARIDI Livelihoods Team and extension officers continued to provide guidance to TOT Farmers on the application of organic farming practices. For example, training was provided on the use of biodegradable materials instead of plastic materials in preparing tree nurseries and composting of farm yard manures for use in kitchen gardens. Farmers were also sensitized to observe a buffer zone of 60 meters from waterways. The Livelihoods Team in collaboration with Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) Ilonga provided remote advice to the farmers to maintain practices of crop diversification as an agronomic method to restore soil fertility to reduce overdependence on industrial fertilizers and for control of some weeds.

Additional details on environmental compliance are included in the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Report (EMMR), Annex 14.

GRANTS MANAGEMENT

The grants program launched in May 2017 with an award to TFCG (see Sub-Task 2.3.2). Ten grants were then awarded to seven NGOs for a district-wide COWSO capacity-building and ODF campaigns in September and October 2017 for the first five WARIDI selected districts (i.e. Kilolo, Iringa, Kilombero, Kilosa and Mvomero). Six more grants were awarded to six NGOs for a district-wide ODF campaigns in Chalinze, Bagamoyo, Mufindi, Wanging’ombe, Malinyi and Ulanga districts. WARIDI also awarded two In-kind grants to the two Basins of Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji for strengthening Hydrometeorological observation capacity which were then followed by awards of eight grants for a district-wide COWSO capacity-building in Bagamoyo, Gairo, Mufindi, Wanging’ombe, Malinyi, Morogoro, Njombe and Ulanga districts and three more grants for a district-wide ODF campaigns in Gairo, Morogoro and Mbarali districts. Extension of nine grants for a district wide ODF campaigns in new districts of Chalinze, Bagamoyo, Mufindi, Wanging’ombe, Malinyi, Ulanga, Gairo, Morogoro and Mbarali and five SWASH grants in Kilosa, Kilombero, Mvomero, Kilolo and Iringa districts were the last grants to be awarded.

During Q3 and Q4 of FY20, WARIDI awarded two in-kind grants to RUWASA Njombe and Wanging’ombe for provision of minor rehabilitation of five selected water schemes. In total WARIDI has awarded $5,189,262 to 19 NGOs, two Basin water Boards and two RUWASA offices spending a total of $5,125,985.98 (equivalent to 99% of the revised grant budget) at the end of FY20. The TFCG grant for forest conservation; two in-kind grants for strengthening hydrometeorological observation

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capacity at Wami/Ruvu and Rufiji basins; nine grants for a district wide ODF campaigns in Chalinze, Bagamoyo, Mufindi, Wanging’ombe, Malinyi, Ulanga, Gairo, Morogoro and Mbarali districts; and five SWASH grants in Kilosa, Kilombero, Mvomero, Kilolo and Iringa districts were completed and closed in FY20.

Key activities performed by the grants program during FY20 included: • Improve sanitation and hygiene behaviors in the LGAs through ODF and SWASH grants • Increase access to water services, through provision of minor rehabilitation of water schemes • Strengthen data and information management for decision making to BWBs through provision of technical support and installation of equipment • Improve water, forests and livelihoods activities through provision of capacity building trainings and formation of village saving and loans associations (VSLAs) An overall summary of grants awarded up to September 2020 is included as Annex 15.

Grants Performance for all Ongoing Grants during the year:

1. Tanzania Forest Conservation Group (TFCG – Forest Conservation and PES in Kilolo and Kilombero): On May 01, 2017, WARIDI signed a three-year standard grant agreement with TFCG worth $628,632.81 to improve water, forests and livelihoods activities through integrated water, forest and land resources management and climate change resilience in the Udzungwa Mountains. During Q3 and Q4 of FY20, WARIDI modified the TFCG grant to reduce the approved budget ceiling to reflect the actual costs incurred during the implementation of the project and to extend the period of performance to 31 August 2020 to allow for the completion of activities which were delayed due to outbreak of COVID 19. WARIDI managed to close the grant and the following activities were done during this year; train Village Natural Resources Committees (VNRC) in 17 villages on the Forest Policy and Act, Participatory Forest Management (PFM), roles and responsibilities of VNRC, trained 8 villages on Land Scape Restoration, promoted the establishment of village saving and loans associations in 10 villages, and trained Farmer Field Schools (FFS) members on post harvesting handling, crop diversification, business planning, and marketing, support two villages adjacent to USNR to verify village forest boundaries and review of the VLU maps, support USNR in boundary clearing and joint forest patrol, and train communities on efficient cook stoves, follow up on adoption of fuel-efficient stoves, support WUA to demarcate water and riverbank buffer zone along Mngeta sub Catchment, and facilitate the approval of CBFM and LUP at district level.

Grantee Project Title and WARIDI WARIDI Grant # Comments Name Location Funding (TZS) Funding (USD) (Old ceiling (Old Ceiling 40-month grant Forest Conservation 1,373,562,694.44) 628,632.81) WARIDI001 TFCG completed - Iringa New ceiling New ceiling August 2020 1,228,385,951.64 541,139.19

2. SWASH Grants and District-Wide ODF campaigns in first five WARIDI selected districts (i.e. Kilolo, Iringa, Kilombero, Kilosa and Mvomero): During Q2 of FY19, WARIDI signed a ten-month Fixed Amount Award grant extension with HAPA, SEMA and SAWA and two small grants with MAMADO and IECA Contribute to Improvement of Sanitation and Hygiene Behaviors in Kilombero, Mvomero, Kilosa, Kilolo and Iringa respectively as per a summary table below. During Q1 and Q2 of FY20, all five grantees completed implementation and submitted both technical and monitoring and evaluation reports for milestones three and four deliverables which included: a quarterly report showing updated sanitation and hygiene information in the district; a report on sanitation and hygiene promotional events; copies of signed and stamped

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village summary forms; a report on advocacy made on sanitation and hygiene interventions in full council/WDC meetings; a report on field monitoring visits and technical support by grantee and WARIDI team; a report on inter-school WASH competitions made to speed up behavioral change on good hygiene and sanitation practices; a report on sanitation and hygiene status for ODF potential villages and list of villages that have been verified as ODF (Universal); a report on a Reflection Meeting with the LGA; and a list of success stories.

WARIDI Project Title WARIDI Grant # Grantee Name Funding Comments and Location Funding (TZS) (USD) (Old ceiling (Old ceiling Health Actions SWASH and 10-month grant 240,097,150.00) 105,769.67) WARIDI028 Promotion ODF Campaign completed on 31st New ceiling New ceiling Association (HAPA) - Kilombero December 2019 227,976,000.00 100,429.96 (Old ceiling (Old ceiling Ileje Environmental SWASH and 10-month grant 272,105,937.50) 119,870.46) WARIDI029 Conservation ODF Campaign completed on 31st New ceiling New ceiling Association (IECA) - Iringa December 2019 260,821,277.50 114,899.24 (Old ceiling (Old ceiling Maji na Maendeleo 10-month grant ODF Campaign 282,187,125.00) 124,311.51) WARIDI030 Dodoma completed on 31st - Kilolo New ceiling New ceiling (MAMADO) December 2019 273,742,585.00 120,591.45 Sanitation and Water (Old ceiling (Old ceiling SWASH and 10-month grant Action (SAWA) - 334,032,992.90) 147,151.10) WARIDI031 ODF Campaign completed on 31st ODF Extension in New ceiling New ceiling - Kilosa December 2019 Kilosa 323,364,692.90 142,451.41 Sustainable (Old ceiling (Old ceiling SWASH and 10-month grant Environment 276,723,906.25) 121,904.80) WARIDI032 ODF Campaign completed on 31st Management Action New ceiling New ceiling - Mvomero December 2019 (SEMA) 263,820,106.27 116,220.31

Total for SWASH Grants 1,349,724,661.67 594,592.36

3. Strengthening Hydromet Observation Capacity for Wami/Ruvu Basin Water Board (WRBWB) and Rufiji Basin Water Board (RBWB): On April 15, 2018, WARIDI signed eighteen-month in-kind grant agreements with WRBWB and RBWB worth a combined total of $1,069,529.31 ($633,797.39 to RBWB and $435,731.92 to the WRBWB). The grants aim to strengthen hydrometeorological (Hydromet) observation capacity and sustainability, through improved Hydromet monitoring in the Basins. During Q1 and Q3 of FY20, modifications to both grants were completed which reduced the approved budget ceiling to reflect the actual costs incurred during the procurement of equipment; and extend the period of performance of the in-kind grants to 31 August 2020 to allow for the completion of activities which were delayed due to outbreak of COVID-19. WARIDI managed to close both grants. The following procurements were completed: purchased and delivered various equipment including radar/water level sensor, river bedload samplers, serial cables for data loggers, staff gauges, weather station spare parts, power backup unit for computers, OTT Q-liner modems, suspended sediment samplers, and data backup system w/3 drives.

WARIDI Grantee Project Title WARIDI Grant # Funding Comments Name and Location Funding (TZS) (USD) Rufiji Basin Strengthening (Old ceiling (Old ceiling 28.5-month Water Board Hydromet 1,394,354,253.97) 633,797.39) WARIDI009 grant (RBWB) - Rufiji Observation New ceiling New ceiling completed on Basin Capacity 970,160,862.50 423,651.03

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WARIDI Grantee Project Title WARIDI Grant # Funding Comments Name and Location Funding (TZS) (USD) 31st August 2020 Wami/Ruvu 28.5-month Basin Water Strengthening (Old ceiling (Old ceiling grant Board Hydromet 958,610,219) 435,731.92) WARIDI010 completed on (WRBWB) - Observation New ceiling New ceiling 31st August Wami/Ruvu Capacity 843,312,310.35 368,258.65 2020 Basin Total for 1,813,473,172.85 791.909.68 BWBs

4. District-wide ODF campaigns in nine WARIDI selected districts (i.e. Bagamoyo, Chalinze, Gairo, Morogoro, Malinyi, Ulanga, Mufindi, Mbarali and Wanging’ombe): On April 11, 2019, WARIDI extended the 9 ODF grants by six months to ensure the project targets were reached. During Q1, grants for WEPMO, PDF, SAWA, SEMA, HAPA, EEPCO, IECA, CODERT and MAMADO came to an end and all nine grantees submitted both technical and monitoring and evaluation reports for milestone seven deliverables. The deliverables submitted by these 9 grantees throughout their implementation period included: reports on quarterly data collection, verification, validation and reporting in all sub villages, reports on sanitation and hygiene status for ODF potential villages; reports on sensitization on National Sanitation BCC Campaign through local media; quarterly reports showing percentage of households with improved latrines; reports on external verification and certification conducted in select villages; lists of ODF self-assessed communities; and success stories.

WARIDI Grantee Project Title WARIDI Grant # Funding Comments Name and Location Funding (TZS) (USD) (Old 18-month grant (Old ceiling Sanitation and ceiling completed on ODF Campaign 344,285,023.38) WARIDI011 Water Action 156,493.19) 24th - Gairo New ceiling (SAWA) New ceiling November 335,677,694.39 152,580.77 2019 Water and Environmental (Old (Old ceiling 18-month grant sanitation ceiling ODF Campaign 296,684,000.00) completed on WARIDI012 Projects 134,856.36) - Bagamoyo New ceiling 10th October Maintenance New ceiling 288,158,441.11 2019 Organization 130,981.11 (WEPMO) Environmental (Old Engineering and (Old ceiling 18-month grant ceiling Pollution ODF Campaign 309,793,000.00) completed on WARIDI013 140,815.00) Control - Ulanga New ceiling 10th October New ceiling Organization 302,796,131.11 2019 137,634.61 (EEPCO) Peoples’ (Old ODF Campaign (Old ceiling 18-month grant WARIDI014 Development ceiling - Chalinze 367,011,900.00) completed on Forum (PDF) 166,823.59)

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WARIDI Grantee Project Title WARIDI Grant # Funding Comments Name and Location Funding (TZS) (USD) New ceiling New ceiling 10th October 357,961,491.11 162,709.77 2019 (Old Sustainable (Old ceiling 18-month grant ceiling Environment ODF Campaign 401,090,250.00) completed on WARIDI015 182,313.75) Management - Morogoro New ceiling 10th October New ceiling Action (SEMA) 388,834,121.11 2019 176,742.78 (Old Health Actions (Old ceiling 18-month grant ceiling Promotion ODF Campaign 275,131,940.00) completed on WARIDI016 125,059.97) Association - Malinyi New ceiling 10th October New ceiling (HAPA) 270,141,031.11 2019 122,791.38 (Old Maji na (Old ceiling 18-month grant ODF Campaign ceiling Maendeleo 375,498,875.00) completed on WARIDI017 - 170,681.31) Dodoma New ceiling 10th October Wanging'ombe New ceiling (MAMADO) 368,657,216.11 2019 167,571.46 Ileje (Old (Old ceiling 18-month grant Environmental ceiling ODF Campaign 328,523,000.00) completed on WARIDI018 Conservation 149,328.64) - Mufindi New ceiling 10th October Association New ceiling 318,696,911.11 2019 (IECA) 144,862.23 Community (Old ceiling (Old 18-month grant Development ODF Campaign 397,683,400.00) ceiling completed on WARIDI027 180,765.18) and Relief Trust - Mbarali DC New ceiling New ceiling 10th October (CODERT) 391,352,571.11 177,887.53 2019

Total for 9 ODF Grants 3,022,275,608.27 1,373,761.64

5. Supporting increase access to water services for selected water schemes of RUWASA Njombe and Wanging’ombe: On June 01, 2020 and July 10, 2020, WARIDI signed four-month In-kind grant agreements with RUWASA Njombe and RUWASA Wanging’ombe respectively worth a combined total of $63,823.36 ($57,184.93 to RUWASA Njombe and $6,638.43 to RUWASA Wanging’ombe). These grants aim to increase access to water services, through minor rehabilitation of water schemes. During FY20, modifications to both grants were completed which increased the period of performance up to mid- November 2020 due to delays by RUWASA on construction and delays in procurement of pipes and pumps. Additionally, a modification was completed to increase the approved budget ceiling of RUWASA Njombe to reflect additional costs for procurement of submersible water pumps at Isoliwaya and Ikondo water schemes. The following activities were completed during Q4: environmental flow measurements, water quality testing, procurement of pipes, water pumps and electrical installation, construction of sump well, storage tank and intake improvement, construction of pump house, and procurement of local materials including cement, sand, aggregates and reinforcements.

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WARIDI Grantee Project Title WARIDI Grant # Funding Comments Name and Location Funding (TZS) (USD) Minor Rural Water rehabilitation of 5.5-month Supply and Isoliwaya, (Old ceiling (Old ceiling grant to be Sanitation 130,953,500.00) 57,184.93) WARIDI033 Igombola, completed on Agency New ceiling New ceiling Ihang’ana and 15th October (RUWASA 154,053,500.00 67,272.27 Ikonda water 2020 Njombe) schemes Rural Water 4-month grant Supply and Minor to be Sanitation rehabilitation of WARIDI034 15,202,000.00 6,638.43 completed on Agency Isiigeide water 9th October (RUWASA scheme 2020 Wanging’ombe) Total for 169,255,500.00 73,910.70 RUWASA

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MONITORING, EVALUATION AND LEARNING

Capacity Building to Grantees, Technical Staff and Partners

Capacity Building on use of Implementing Partner Reporting System (IPRS): In Q2 WARIDI MEL staff attended an IPRS training in Dar es salaam organized by USAID/D4D . The goal of the training was to provide IPs with an in-depth understanding of the IPRS and how USAID utilizes them as a tool for Performance Monitoring and Results Reporting. As a result, WARIDI MEL staff has a better understanding of how to use of IPRS, and can enter, review or edit data, validate the information entered in the system and generate different analytics in the form of graphs or tables by using the system dashboard.

MEL staff internal capacity Building: In FY20 the WARIDI MEL Team focused on internal capacity building on data management issues in order to improve WARIDI’s Monitoring and Evaluation system. This training took place in the Morogoro office and was led by the WARIDI M&E Coordinator. The main topics covered were data validation at office level, organization of physical copies and softcopies of data collection tools, data cleaning processes, data analysis, and visualization. As a result, the MEL Team organized physical copies and softcopies in chronological order using unique identification numbers; cleaned and organized indicator datasets and created automated dashboards using pivot tables and Microsoft Excel syntax. Indicators worked on include, number of people gaining access to basic drinking water service as a result of USG assistance (HL.8.1-1); number of people gaining access to a basic sanitation service as a result of USG assistance (HL8.2.2); number of new or improved commercial water or sanitation products or services available in target LGAs; number of villages and population verified for universal sanitation coverage of any latrine type and no open defecation; number of people educated on tools, approaches, and /or methods for water security, integrated water resource management, and /or water source protection (HL8.3.1); and number of farmers and others who have applied new technologies or management practices as a result of USG assistance (EG3.2-17).

Scholarship by Tetra-Tech on Monitoring and Evaluation: The MEL Data Entry Officer John Wella was awarded a financial short course scholarship in Q3 on Project Monitoring and Evaluation by the TetraTech Home Office. This eight-week training course began on 27th May and was completed on 21st July. The aim of this training was to provide capacity building to WARIDI MEL staff on issues related to Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability and Learning (MEAL) by providing tools and techniques needed to effective implement MEAL systems in projects. The course was paid on Tetra Tech overhead, at no cost to USAID.

Data Systems Strengthening and Management Review and Approval of the MELP: WARIDI MEL staff revised the MELP, Performance Indicator Reference Sheets, and overall data collection, analysis and management. After, compiling all inputs, the DCOP shared the final MELP to the Mission for review and approval. The COR approved the MELP in June and this MELP is expected to be the final revision through close-out of the Activity. Additionally, the verification methodologies for HL8.1-1 new construction, rehabilitation and COWSO verification were reviewed and approved by the COR and USAID M&E Specialist.

Organizing physical copies and softcopies into chronological order: In Q4 the MEL Team organized and re-filed most indicator physical copies using unique identification numbers which improved the traceability of M&E data by linking the indicator, file, and data collection forms in a systematic manner. The Google Drive datasets were updated with these unique identifying numbers in order to make it easier to trace any data in the system to the physical data collection forms. Currently, the physical data collection forms are organized the way datasets are organized in the Google Drive database and it is easier to trace all information. Folders are now labelled with file

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number and indicator number for all project indicators. As a result, all indicators physical copies and softcopies are traceable using the unique identification numbers.

Creation of Indicators Dashboard: In Q4 the MEL Team created multiple dashboards for different indicators using Google sheet pivot tables and syntax including IF, IFS, IMPORTRANGE, QUERY, SUMIFS, COUNTIF, COUNTIFS, IFERROR, &, CONCAT, DATE, MONTH, YEAR and VLOOKUP. Different tables and graphs were developed which display quarterly, annual and life of activity versus target results, and other disaggregation required in the PIRS. These dashboards will help management and other technical staff to visualize data entered into the system. Any staff member can view the datasets and dashboards, but they cannot make any changes for security purposes.

Minimization of data entry errors in the Google drive database: During Q2-Q4 the MEL team created validation rules in the datasets to restrict unrequired entries in order to increase the quality of data. These validation rules include a drop-down menu, ranging rule, skip logic, logic of numbers, and mandatory rules. These rules were added in our Google forms and Google sheets.

Routine Data Quality Assurance Data Quality Assessment (DQA): In Q4 WARIDI carried out a Data Quality Assessment for three indicators including EG.3.2-17: Number of farmers and others who have applied improved technologies or management practices with USG assistance; EG.11-2: Number of institutions with improved capacity to assess or address climate change risks supported by U.S. government assistance and GNDR-2-NEW: Percentage of female participants in USG -assisted programs designed to increase access to productive economic resources (assets, credit, income or employment). This DQA was going to be implemented directly by the USAID but due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the mission delegated the DQA to the WARIDI M&E Team. The purpose of this DQA was to assure that the MEL systems and approaches are in place and are being followed by WARIDI in accordance with USAID’s policies on data quality and Performance Indicators Reference Sheet (PIRS). The DQA found that WARIDI has a strong data collection system for its indicators reported to USAID/Tanzania; the performance Monitoring Evaluation and Learning Plan (MELP) clearly defines each indicator and how it is measured; and WARIDI has a strong data storage system (Google drive database) where all indicator datasets are stored, cleaned and analysed.

The DQA also found some weaknesses including the need for better documented roles and responsibilities of technical staff on data management processes in the data flow chart; insufficient capacity building on data management processes and roles and responsibilities for technical staff; inconsistencies of data collection tools between partners and WARIDI staff; inadequate filing system for physical copies for indicator GNDR-2-NEW; and absence of validation rules in Google Forms including mandatory rule, drop down menu, ranging rules and logic of numbers in order to minimize data entry errors. WARIDI has taken initiatives to address the mentioned weaknesses and is expecting to complete this exercise in November 2020.

Water Scheme Data Verification and Validation for indicator 1.1: WARIDI conducted data verification and validation for indicator HL.8.1-1 to assess if the reported beneficiaries meet the required criteria as per the Performance Indicator Reference Sheet (PIRS). WARIDI verified criteria number one (total collection time which must be 30 minutes or less for a round trip including wait time) through the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) visual analysis showing that each public water point and built structures are located within 800m radius of water points. The maps for this criterion are available in the MEL Google Drive database. WARIDI verified criteria number two (the service must be able to produce 20 liters per day for each person counted as “gaining access”) through a review of water scheme design documentation to ensure the minimum capacity requirements are met and the flow rate of the system is at least 20 liters per person per

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day. The verification team found that all WARIDI schemes have a design requirement of 30 liters per person per day which takes into consideration projected population growth for 15 years; the water schemes meet and surpass the 20 liter requirement in all cases and meet the 30 liters in most cases. For criteria number three (the service is either newly established or was rehabilitated from a non- functional state within the reporting fiscal year as a result of USG assistance), WARIDI reviewed the scheme completion reports, which showed that all verified systems met the criteria. For criteria number four (persons counting toward the indicator must not have previously had similar “access” to basic drinking water services, prior to the establishment or rehabilitation of the USG-supported basic service), WARIDI verified baseline conditions through review of the scoping reports and design reports prepared by the engineering team at the time each water scheme was identified and the M&E team found that most verified water schemes fully meet the criteria. The M&E Team has been able to confirm that most beneficiaries we have in our database qualify to be counted as people gaining access to basic drinking water because they meet the four PIRS criteria. Verification will be completed in Q1 and Q2 FY21.

COWSO and Grantee Data Verification and Validation for indicator 1.1: In Q2 WARIDI and USAID conducted a COWSO pilot verification exercise of 6 COWSOs (4 from Morogoro DC and 2 from Gairo DC). The main purpose for conducting COWSO pilot verification was to verify the number of beneficiaries who are benefiting from each water point and confirm any variance between what was reported by the grantee and the situation on the ground. The pilot was implemented in collaboration with TT home office, field office M&E staff and USAID staff. The Mission approved the verification methodology and WARIDI conducted further COWSO data verification in Mufindi and Njombe in Q4. The verification found that numbers reported by grantees are generally similar with what COWSOs have recorded in their beneficiary registration forms with some notable exceptions. Some numbers do not match with what grantees reported because the COWSOs do not have accurate records but were recalling populations during verification for each water point. Some of the COWSOs reported that they submitted all numbers to grantees, but they don’t remember which number they submitted because they did not remain with a copy of the information. The Verification Team decided to count the numbers seen in each COWSO’s physical documents and discount the numbers recalled by COWSOs. Additionally, the WARIDI MEL Team conducted a comprehensive review of the M&E dataset and physical copies that contain the COWSO’s data submitted by grantees to WARIDI. These datasets were fully reconciled with hard- copy numbers to ensure accuracy. It was found that some of data available in the database does not match physical forms or does not have sufficient supporting documentation to be counted. All grantee-reported data that does not have sufficient supporting documentation has been discounted and a revised population to be counted will be reported to USAID in Q1 FY21. The pilot verification report is included as Annex 16.

Data Validation and Reconciliation: The MEL Team conducted a Life of Activity validation and reconciliation of all reported data for seven standard indicators and two custom indicators. The process involved review and reconciliation of physical copies with what has been entered into the Google spreadsheet. Data entry errors were identified and cleaned, and the final numbers will be shared with USAID after finalization of the whole exercise. All validated forms were scanned and stored into Google Drive folders chronologically as supporting documents for the indicators. The scanned copies are linked to the indicator tables where raw data are stored. This is an ongoing exercise and the MEL team is expecting to finalize it in November 2020. WARIDI will request special permission from the Mission to make some changes to the numbers we have reviewed on the IPRS database.

Spot Checking: In Q3 the MEL team conducted a spot-check exercise in Kilombero District to verify the data submitted by the IR3 Livelihoods Team. The farmers visited were randomly selected from the data collection forms submitted. The MEL Coordinator managed to visit 7 poultry, 5 home garden farmers in Mkangawalo, Kidete, Itongowa, Mchombe, Lukolongo and Mngeta villages, and one beekeeping group in Mchombe Village. All visited farmers reported that they received different

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services from WARIDI including home gardening, poultry, crop diversification and bee keeping. The MEL Coordinator found that all farmers applied at least one or more practices that were part of WARIDI capacity building. Technologies adopted as a result of WARIDI/Livelihood training included home gardening technologies such as mulching, use of organic animal/manure, sack gardens, hanging gardens, Orange Flesh Sweet Potatoes; poultry keeping (breed selection (SASO)), Vaccination, improved feeding and improved chicken pen; use of improved drought tolerant and high yield seeds and use of improved beehives. One group in Mngeta (KIKUNDI CHA WAFUGA NYUKI MNGETA) manufactured 11 improved beehives and has already written a letter to Kilombero LGA seeking permission to use the village forest for beekeeping. The report for this exercise will be included in official MEL records as a supporting document for indicator EG3.2-17, EG.11-6 and 4.1.

Learning Activities Lessons learned on technical activities are included throughout the technical sections of this report. Lessons include learning that communities are facing different challenges which can’t be addressed by a single project. Integrated approaches to enhance sustainable livelihoods and foster farmers’ technologies adoption are needed. To address this, WARIDI has worked closely with other USAID implementing partners (Lishe Endelevu and NAFAKA), LGAs and Tanzania Agriculture Research Institute (TARI), who are building on WARIDI’s achievements in farmers adopting technologies and improved management practices and enhancing nutrition status of household members. WARIDI has also worked closely with LGA district officials and ward/village extension officers. LGAs take the lead in organizing trainings and sensitizing farmers on how to utilize training and apply technologies. Lishe Endelevu provides nutritional education to participants and TARI delivered trainings and facilitated access to affordable improved seeds and propagation materials for farmers. Together, we are supporting transformative change in communities.

Business to Business (B2B) meetings: B2B meetings have proven to be an effective approach to creating sustainable WASH product supply chains and increase sales of sanitation and hygiene products. Through B2B meetings facilitated by WARIDI, Tanzania WASH companies have managed to increase their sales between 200-300% with 72 long-term sales contracts signed between WASH companies (Kasole Secretes an AnuFlo) and microenterprises. There is an increased demand for hygienic products like soaps, sanitizers and buckets due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which is an opportunity for the private sector.

Land Use Planning: WARIDI’s land use planning technical support was completed during Q3. Led by the District Land Offices and communities, WARIDI supported the process of preparing VLUPs in Magana, Msufini and Nguyami villages. These villages cover almost 21,000 hectares which has now been clearly demarcated to show various land uses such as crop farming, livestock routes, pastoral grazing lands, forest reserves, residential areas, and other uses to improve land use management and protect water resources. Effective land use planning enables communities to protect important water sources that are tapped for community water supplies and improve water quality and availability in downstream communities.

As is the case across Tanzania, District Land Offices often lack the staffing and financial resources to develop land use plans for communities and conduct regular monitoring in villages to ensure the developed plans are followed. However, there are assurances that the structures implemented by WARIDI will be sustained and expanded. “We have included preparation of VLUPs in our district work plan, the District has recently received support from the Tanzania Forest Service to develop VLUPs in four more villages found adjacent to the forest reserve. Furthermore, the Land Institute in Morogoro is supporting us to develop a VLUP in another village,” says Salivius B. Sarapion, Land Officer for Gairo DC.

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MEL Considerations and Lessons Learned for Future Quarters Routine Data Quality Assessments are critically important to ensure quality data and information are reported to USAID and inform WARDI management in decision making. The M&E team is implementing internal Routine Data Quality Assessments to make improvements in WARIDI’s data storage and management system.

SPECIAL EVENTS FOR NEXT QUARTER

• WARIDI expects to hold an end-of-project learning event during the MoHCDEC’s National Sanitation Week expected to take place during late November or early December. This event will showcase the progress, results and lessons learned from WARIDI over the course of the Activity.

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FINANCIAL SUMMARY

This has been removed and shared with USAID only

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ANNEXES – ANNEXES ARE NOT UPLOADED TO DEC

Annex 1: Construction Completion Reports

Annex 2: Status of Community Cash Contributions as of September 2020

Annex 3: WARIDI Sanitation Learning Assessment

Annex 4: Scope of Work and Current Status of SWASH

Annex 5: ODF Verification Summary Results for 25 Villages

Annex 6: Ndengisivili OMS Plan

Annex 7: Training Report for NWB on Climate Change and GIYI

Annex 8: Rufiji Report on Abstraction Survey to Improve Water Users Inventory

Annex 9: Wami-Ruvu Report on Abstraction Survey

Annex 10: CBWSOs Certificates

Annex 11: TFCG Grant Completion Report

Annex 12: Summary of Outreach and Communications Results in FY20

Annex 13: Q4 Water Quality Reports

Annex 14: WARIDI EMMR for Q4 FY20

Annex 15: Summary of Grants Awarded up to September 2020

Annex 16: COWSO Capacity Building Pilot Verification Report

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U.S. Agency for International Development 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20523 Tel: (202) 712-0000 Fax: (202) 216-3524 www.usaid.gov

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