Crossroads of Enlightenment 1685-1850: Exploring Education, Science, and Industry Across the Delessert Network

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Crossroads of Enlightenment 1685-1850: Exploring Education, Science, and Industry Across the Delessert Network CROSSROADS OF ENLIGHTENMENT 1685-1850: EXPLORING EDUCATION, SCIENCE, AND INDUSTRY ACROSS THE DELESSERT NETWORK A Dissertation Submitted to the College of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon By J. Marc MacDonald © Copyright J. Marc MacDonald, March 2015. All rights reserved PERMISSION TO USE I agree, in presenting this dissertation in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Postgraduate degree from the University of Saskatchewan, that this University’s Libraries may make the dissertation freely available for consultation. Furthermore, I agree that permission for copying material from this dissertation in any form, in part or in its entirety, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professors who supervised my dissertation work or, in their absence, by the Head of the History Department or the Dean of the College of Arts, in which I completed this dissertation. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this dissertation or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any scholarly use that may be made of any material in my dissertation. Request for permission to copy or to make other uses of materials in this dissertation in whole or part should be addressed to: Head of the Department of History University of Saskatchewan 9 Campus Drive, Room 522 Arts Building Saskatoon, SK S7N 5N5 Canada OR Dean College of Graduate Studies and Research University of Saskatchewan, Room C180 105 Administration Place Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A2 Canada i ABSTRACT The Enlightenment did not end with the French Revolution but extended into the nineteenth century, effecting a transformation to modernity. By 1850, science became increasingly institutionalized and technology hastened transmission of cultural exchange. Restricting Enlightenment to solitary movements, philosophic text, or national contexts ultimately creates insular interpretations. The Enlightenment was instead a transnational phenomenon, of interconnected communities, from diverse geographical and cultural spaces. A revealing example is the Delessert family. Their British-Franco-Swiss network demonstrates the uniqueness, extent, and duration of the Enlightenment. This network’s origins lie in the 1680s. French and British desires for stability resulted in contrasting policies. Toleration, through partial rights, let British Dissenters become leading educators, manufacturers, and natural philosophers by 1760. Conversely, Huguenots were stripped of rights. Thousands fled persecution, and France’s rivals profited by welcoming waves of industrious Huguenots. French refugee communities became vital printing centres, specializing in Enlightenment attacks on the Ancien régime, and facilitated the expansion of the Delessert network. The Delessert banking family made a generational progression from Geneva to Lyon to Paris, linking them to Jean-Jacques Rousseau. His friendship fostered passions for botany and education. The Delesserts parlayed this into participation in Enlightenment science and industry, connecting them to the Lunar Society, Genevan radicals, and British reformers. By 1780, a transition toward modernity began. Grand Tours shifted from places of erudition to practical sites of production. Lunar men sent sons to the Continent for ii practical education, as Franco-Swiss visited English manufactories and Scottish universities to expand knowledge. Moderates greeted the French Revolution with enthusiasm. In the early 1790s this changed significantly. Royalist mobs threatened Lunar men, destroying property, in Birmingham. In France, moderates tried to defend the monarchy from republican mobs. Even so, the network, fragmented both by revolution and war, continued espousing reform and assisting members who were jailed, endangered, or escaping to America. The Delessert network reconnected in 1801. Franco-Swiss toured Britain as Britons visited Paris, gathering at the hôtel Delessert, a crossroads of the Enlightenment. New societies encouraged science, industry, and philanthropy. Enlightenment exchange continued, despite warfare, into the nineteenth century. Industrial partnerships and scientific collaborations, formed during the peace, circumvented trade barriers. Over three generations (1760-1850) cosmopolitanism helped usher in a transition to modernity. Ultimately, the Delessert network’s endurance challenges traditional interpretations of the Enlightenment, and the Industrial Revolution. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Foremost, I would like to acknowledge the guidance and patience of my Supervisor, Dr Larry Stewart. He was, despite many obligations, instrumental in supporting my research and work, as well as in the writing and editing process. I would also like to acknowledge the support and advice of my Advisory Committee: Dr Frank Klaassen, Dr Mark Meyers, and Dr Alison Muri, as well as Dr Matthew Neufeld. Finally, I would like to thank my External Examiner, Dr Joel Mokyr, for his insightful suggestions and constructive criticism. I must also acknowledge research advice and kindness of Dr Peter Jones, Dr Philip Rieder, Dr Thierry Hoquet, Dr Trevor Levere, and Dr Margaret Jacob. Throughout this journey I relied on the love and support my wife Nana, my son Samuel, my parents (proof-readers and research assistants) James and Janet MacDonald and my family. I must also acknowledge hospitality from the Puiia, Buttinger, and Hogan families in PEI and Saskatoon. My officemates, friends, and professors at the University of Saskatchewan were also essential, especially Dr Robert Morley, Dr Mark McCulloch, Marie-Christine Dugald for assistance with French translations; Dr Camilla Augustus, Dr. Ron Cooley and Liv Marken for editing help, and guidance from Linda Dietz, Nadine Penner, Dr Erika Dyck, and Dr Lisa Smith, Dr Liz Scott, Dr Leslie Baker, and Dr Amy Samson. I am grateful to the Department of History and Situating Science for funding. I am thankful for invaluable assistance with my research from archivists, staff, and volunteers in Europe and America. Specifically, the kindness of the staff and Mireille Pastoureau, Conservateur général, directeur at the Bibliothèque de l’Institut de France, the staff and Vincent Tuchais chef du département des services aux usagers and Agnès Masson, Directeur des Archives de Paris, the staff and Noëlle Chiron-Dorey Fonds iv privés et figurés at the Archives municipales de Lyon, the staff of Ferri, (vente aux enchères), Thierry Bodin and the staff of Les Autographes, and especially the hospitality of Christian Elcock and his family in Montceaux. In America, I relied on assistance of Jamie Kingman-Rice, Public Services Librarian at Maine Historical Society, Tom Bresenham, President of the Friends of Joseph Priestley House, Nancy Lyon, Archivist at Manuscripts and Archives Yale University Library, Gayle Grunwald and the Century House Historical Society at Rosendale New York, John McCoy and Catherine Minck for material on the Delesserts’ American activities, Helen Weltin Manuscripts and Special Collections at New York State Library, and Andi Bartelstein, Reading Room Supervisor at Rauner Special Collections Library Dartmouth College. Finally, I must acknowledge the Grant-in-Aid, and the hospitality of the Hagley Museum & Library: Marjorie McNinch, Reference Archivist (Happy retirement), Carol Lockman, Kevin Martin, Curator of Digital Collections, Jon M. Williams Curator of Prints and Photographs, Debra Hughes Curator of Collections and Exhibits, Amy Beisel Registrar, and Terry Snyder, Library Director. In Britain I relied on Alison Smith, Searchroom Supervisor and Robert Ryland, Senior Librarian, Archives & Heritage Services, and the staff at the Birmingham Library, Rupert Baker, Library Manager, at the Royal Society, as well as the British Library. In Geneva, my research was supported by the kindness of Dr Barbara Roth conseratrice des manuscrits et des archives privees and E. Ducry Archiviste de Genève at the Bibliothèque de Genève, Dr Patrick Bungener and the staff of the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève in the library and herbarium, and Christelle Mougin, Bibliothécaire resonsable, at the Musée d’histoire des sciences. Thank you all. v DEDICATION I dedicate this dissertation to by wife Nana and son Samuel, as it could not have been written without their love, patience, and support. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS PERMISSION TO USE……………………………………………………………….. i ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………… ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS…………………………………………………………....... iv DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………......... vi TABLES OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………...... vii ABBREVIATIONS…………………………………………………………………..... xi NOTE ON THE TEXT……………………………………………………………........ xii PREFACE…………………………………………………………………………........ xiii Introduction: Mapping the Enlightenment Beyond a National Context……………….. 1 PART I: EARLY ENLIGHTENMENT TRAFFIC AND NETWORK CONNECTIONS (1685-1775)…………………………………………………………………... 21 1. Tide Change: Dispersing Huguenots, Tolerating Dissenters, and Harbouring Jean- Jacques Rousseau.…………………………………………………………………… 22 1.1. The Huguenot Diaspora and the Delessert Family……………………………. 23 1.2. Toleration of British Dissenters and Burgeoning Bourgeois Industrialism…… 26 1.3. The Fertile Crescent Bears Fruit………………………………………………. 29 1.4. Rousseau’s Formative Friendships, Ruptures,
Recommended publications
  • F:\RSS\Me\Society's Mathemarica
    School of Social Sciences Economics Division University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK Discussion Papers in Economics and Econometrics Mathematics in the Statistical Society 1883-1933 John Aldrich No. 0919 This paper is available on our website http://www.southampton.ac.uk/socsci/economics/research/papers ISSN 0966-4246 Mathematics in the Statistical Society 1883-1933* John Aldrich Economics Division School of Social Sciences University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK e-mail: [email protected] Abstract This paper considers the place of mathematical methods based on probability in the work of the London (later Royal) Statistical Society in the half-century 1883-1933. The end-points are chosen because mathematical work started to appear regularly in 1883 and 1933 saw the formation of the Industrial and Agricultural Research Section– to promote these particular applications was to encourage mathematical methods. In the period three movements are distinguished, associated with major figures in the history of mathematical statistics–F. Y. Edgeworth, Karl Pearson and R. A. Fisher. The first two movements were based on the conviction that the use of mathematical methods could transform the way the Society did its traditional work in economic/social statistics while the third movement was associated with an enlargement in the scope of statistics. The study tries to synthesise research based on the Society’s archives with research on the wider history of statistics. Key names : Arthur Bowley, F. Y. Edgeworth, R. A. Fisher, Egon Pearson, Karl Pearson, Ernest Snow, John Wishart, G. Udny Yule. Keywords : History of Statistics, Royal Statistical Society, mathematical methods.
    [Show full text]
  • William Withering and the Introduction of Digitalis Into Medical Practice
    [From Schenckius: Observationum Medicarum, Francofurti, 1609.] ANNALS OF MEDICAL HISTORY New Series , Volume VIII May , 1936 Numbe r 3 WILLIAM WITHERING AND THE INTRODUCTION OF DIGITALIS INTO MEDICAL PRACTICE By LOUIS H. RODDIS, COMMANDER, M.C., U.S.N. WASHINGTON, D. C. Part II* N interesting fea- as Dr. Fulton points out, there is no ture regarding the question that Darwin received his first early use of digi- acquaintancewithdigitalis from Wither- talis and the ques- ing. The evidence is indisputable as tion of the priority Withering himself cites the case (No. of Withering in its iv, M iss Hill) and says that Darwin was discovery, has been his consultant. Darwin mentions the brought out by case in his commonplace book but Professor John F. Fulton of Yale Uni- neither there nor in his published ac- versity School of Medicine. He has counts does he mention Withering’s shown that Erasmus Darwin, in an ap- name. His relations with Withering are pendix to the graduation thesis of his shown by some of his letters to have son Charles, which he published in been very unfriendly, at least after 1780, two years after Charles’ death. 1788, and he was probably jealous of gave some account of the use of fox- him. By our present standards Darwin’s glove with several case histories. March conduct in not mentioning Withering 16. 1785, Erasmus Darwin read a paper in either of his papers was distinctly which was dated January 14, 1785, and uncthical. which was published in the medical As he became more prosperous With- transactions, containing a reference to ering purchased a valuable piece of foxglove.
    [Show full text]
  • MODES for Windows Print
    Marshall Library of Economics Marshall Papers Section 9 Autobiography and personal honours Identity code Marshall 9 Description level 3 Content Summary This diverse section contains the few remaining biographical notes by Alfred, longer notes on Alfred by Mary Marshall, lists of recipients of complimentary copies of Marshall's books and subscribers to his portrait fund, his academic honours, a large scrapbook of newspaper cuttings about Alfred's career kept by Mary and her album of watercolour paintings of places visited on European travels Identity code Marshall 9/1 Previous number Marshall LBB 34 (part) [uncertain attribution] Description level 4 Record creation Person Role writer Name Marshall, Alfred Date undated Document form Record type notes Specific type autobiographical Acquisition Summary Possibly a late accession as formerly in Large Brown Box Content Summary Single page annotated 'Reminiscences' down left side by Marshall. Recounts how when at school was told not to take account of accents in pronouncing Greek words and therefore decided to save time by not learning them or using them in written work. The result was he received the only very heavy punishment of his life. 'This suggested to me that classical studies do not induce an appreciation of the value of time; and I turned away from them as far as I could towards mathematics'. Summary In later years he has observed that fine students of science are greedy of time, whereas many classical men value it lightly. Is most grateful to his headmaster [Revd James Augustus Hessey] for making him think out essays in Latin. Person Name Hessey, James Augustus, Revd Subject keywords Physical descript Summary 1 p.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards a Poetics of Becoming: Samuel Taylor Coleridge's and John Keats's Aesthetics Between Idealism and Deconstruction
    Towards a Poetics of Becoming: Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s and John Keats’s Aesthetics Between Idealism and Deconstruction Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät IV (Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaften) der Universität Regensburg eingereicht von Charles NGIEWIH TEKE Alfons-Auer-Str. 4 93053 Regensburg Februar 2004 Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Rainer EMIG Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Dieter A. BERGER 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE DEDICATION .............................................................................................................. I ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................... II ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... VI English........................................................................................................................ VI German...................................................................................................................... VII French...................................................................................................................... VIII INTRODUCTION Aims of the Study......................................................................................................... 1 On the Relationship Between S. T. Coleridge and J. Keats.......................................... 5 Certain Critical Terms................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Lunar Society of Birmingham and the Practice of Science in 18Th Century Great Britain
    Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 6-2011 The unL ar Society of Birmingham and the Practice of Science in 18th Century Great Britain Scott H. Zurawel Union College - Schenectady, NY Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine Commons Recommended Citation Zurawel, Scott H., "The unL ar Society of Birmingham and the Practice of Science in 18th Century Great Britain" (2011). Honors Theses. 1092. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/1092 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. i THE LUNAR SOCIETY OF BIRMINGHAM AND THE PRACTICE OF SCIENCE IN 18TH CENTURY GREAT BRITAIN: A STUDY OF JOSPEH PRIESTLEY, JAMES WATT AND WILLIAM WITHERING By Scott Henry Zurawel ******* Submitted in partial fulfillment Of the requirements for Honors in the Department of History UNION COLLEGE March, 2011 ii ABSTRACT Zurawel, Scott The Lunar Society of Birmingham and the Practice of Science in Eighteenth-Century Great Britain: A Study of Joseph Priestley, James Watt, and William Withering This thesis examines the scientific and technological advancements facilitated by members of the Lunar Society of Birmingham in eighteenth-century Britain. The study relies on a number of primary sources, which range from the regular correspondence of its members to their various published scientific works. The secondary sources used for this project range from comprehensive books about the society as a whole to sources concentrating on particular members.
    [Show full text]
  • BULLETIN for the HISTORY of CHEMISTRY Division of the History of Chemistry of the American Chemical Society
    BULLETIN FOR THE HISTORY OF CHEMISTRY Division of the History of Chemistry of the American Chemical Society VOLUME 29, Number 1 2004 BULLETIN FOR THE HISTORY OF CHEMISTRY VOLUME 29, CONTENTS NUMBER 1 THE 2003 EDELSTEIN AWARD ADDRESS* MAKING CHEMISTRY POPULAR David Knight, University of Durham, England 1 THE DISCOVERY OF LECITHIN, THE FIRST PHOSPHOLIPID Theodore L. Sourkes, McGill University 9 GABRIEL LIPPMANN AND THE CAPILLARY ELECTROMETER John T. Stock, University of Connecticut 16 KHEMYE: CHEMICAL LITERATURE IN YIDDISH Stephen M. Cohen 21 AN EARLY HISTORY OF CHEMISTRY AT TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY, 1925-1970* Henry J. Shine, Texas Tech University 30 NOYES LABORATORY, AN ACS NATIONAL CHEMICAL LANDMARK: 100 YEARS OF CHEMISTRY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS Sharon Bertsch McGrayne 45 BOOK REVIEWS 52 The Cover…….See page 24. Bull. Hist. Chem., VOLUME 29, Number 1 (2004) 1 THE 2003 EDELSTEIN AWARD ADDRESS* MAKING CHEMISTRY POPULAR David Knight, University of Durham, England “Chemistry is wonderful,” wrote evenings, and a bright dawn Linus Pauling (1), “I feel sorry for gleamed over a chemically-based people who don’t know anything society. Intellectually, the science about chemistry. They are miss- did not demand the mathematics re- ing an important source of happi- quired for serious pursuit of the sub- ness.” That is not how the science lime science of astronomy. Chem- has universally been seen in our ists like Joseph Priestley thought it time. We would not expect to see the ideal Baconian science in which lecture-rooms crowded out, chem- everyone might join, for its theoreti- ists as stars to be invited to fash- cal structure was still unformed.
    [Show full text]
  • Making Amusement the Vehicle of Instruction’: Key Developments in the Nursery Reading Market 1783-1900
    1 ‘Making amusement the vehicle of instruction’: Key Developments in the Nursery Reading Market 1783-1900 PhD Thesis submitted by Lesley Jane Delaney UCL Department of English Literature and Language 2012 SIGNED DECLARATION 2 I, Lesley Jane Delaney confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– ABSTRACT 3 ABSTRACT During the course of the nineteenth century children’s early reading experience was radically transformed; late eighteenth-century children were expected to cut their teeth on morally improving texts, while Victorian children learned to read more playfully through colourful picturebooks. This thesis explores the reasons for this paradigm change through a study of the key developments in children’s publishing from 1783 to 1900. Successively examining an amateur author, a commercial publisher, an innovative editor, and a brilliant illustrator with a strong interest in progressive theories of education, the thesis is alive to the multiplicity of influences on children’s reading over the century. Chapter One outlines the scope of the study. Chapter Two focuses on Ellenor Fenn’s graded dialogues, Cobwebs to catch flies (1783), initially marketed as part of a reading scheme, which remained in print for more than 120 years. Fenn’s highly original method of teaching reading through real stories, with its emphasis on simple words, large type, and high-quality pictures, laid the foundations for modern nursery books. Chapter Three examines John Harris, who issued a ground- breaking series of colour-illustrated rhyming stories and educational books in the 1810s, marketed as ‘Harris’s Cabinet of Amusement and Instruction’.
    [Show full text]
  • Adopting a Chinese Mantle: Designing and Appropriating Chineseness 1750-1820
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Adopting a Chinese Mantle Designing and Appropriating Chineseness 1750-1820 Newport, Emma Helen Henke Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 24. Sep. 2021 Adopting a Chinese Mantle: Designing and Appropriating Chineseness 1750-1820 Emma Helen Henke Newport King’s College London Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English Research 1 Abstract The thesis examines methods of imagining and appropriating China in Britain in the period 1750 to 1820.
    [Show full text]
  • France À Fric: the CFA Zone in Africa and Neocolonialism
    France à fric: the CFA zone in Africa and neocolonialism Ian Taylor Date of deposit 18 04 2019 Document version Author’s accepted manuscript Access rights Copyright © Global South Ltd. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. Citation for Taylor, I. C. (2019). France à fric: the CFA Zone in Africa and published version neocolonialism. Third World Quarterly, Latest Articles. Link to published https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2019.1585183 version Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ FRANCE À FRIC: THE CFA ZONE IN AFRICA AND NEOCOLONIALISM Over fifty years after 1960’s “Year of Africa,” most of Francophone Africa continues to be embedded in a set of associations that fit very well with Kwame Nkrumah’s description of neocolonialism, where postcolonial states are de jure independent but in reality constrained through their economic systems so that policy is directed from outside. This article scrutinizes the functioning of the CFA, considering the role the currency has in persistent underdevelopment in most of Francophone Africa. In doing so, the article identifies the CFA as the most blatant example of functioning neocolonialism in Africa today and a critical device that promotes dependency in large parts of the continent. Mainstream analyses of the technical aspects of the CFA have generally focused on the exchange rate and other related matters. However, while important, the real importance of the CFA franc should not be seen as purely economic, but also political.
    [Show full text]
  • Religion, Politics, and Sugar: the Mormon Church, the Federal Government, and the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company, 1907 to 1921
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All USU Press Publications USU Press 2007 Religion, Politics, and Sugar: The Mormon Church, the Federal Government, and the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company, 1907 to 1921 Matthew C. Godfrey Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/usupress_pubs Part of the American Politics Commons, and the History of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Godfrey, M. C. (2007). Religion, politics, and sugar: The Mormon Church, the federal government, and the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company, 1907-1921. Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press. This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the USU Press at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All USU Press Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Religion, Politics, and Sugar The Mormon Church, the Federal Government, and the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company, 1907–1921 Matthew C. Godfrey Religion, Politics, and Sugar The Mormon Church, the Federal Government, and the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company 1907–1921 Religion, Politics, and Sugar The Mormon Church, the Federal Government, and the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company 1907–1921 Matthew C. Godfrey Utah State University Press Logan, Utah Copyright © 2007 Utah State University Press All rights reserved. An earlier version of chapter 5 was fi rst published as “The Utah-Idaho Sugar Company: Political and Legal Troubles in the Aftermath of the First World War,” Agricultural History 75 (Spring 2001). Portions of chapter 6 were fi rst published as “The Shadow of Mormon Cooperation, The Businesss Policies of Charles Nibley, Western Sugar Magnate in the Early 1900s,” Pacifi c Northwest Quarterly 94 (Summer 2003).
    [Show full text]
  • Soho Depicted: Prints, Drawings and Watercolours of Matthew Boulton, His Manufactory and Estate, 1760-1809
    SOHO DEPICTED: PRINTS, DRAWINGS AND WATERCOLOURS OF MATTHEW BOULTON, HIS MANUFACTORY AND ESTATE, 1760-1809 by VALERIE ANN LOGGIE A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History of Art College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham January 2011 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis explores the ways in which the industrialist Matthew Boulton (1728-1809) used images of his manufactory and of himself to help develop what would now be considered a ‘brand’. The argument draws heavily on archival research into the commissioning process, authorship and reception of these depictions. Such information is rarely available when studying prints and allows consideration of these images in a new light but also contributes to a wider debate on British eighteenth-century print culture. The first chapter argues that Boulton used images to convey messages about the output of his businesses, to draw together a diverse range of products and associate them with one site. Chapter two explores the setting of the manufactory and the surrounding estate, outlining Boulton’s motivation for creating the parkland and considering the ways in which it was depicted.
    [Show full text]
  • The Proffered Pen: Saint-Simonianism and the Public Sphere
    THE PROFFERED PEN: SAINT-SIMONIANISM AND THE PUBLIC SPHERE IN 19TH CENTURY FRANCE by MICHAEL BRICK A THESIS Presented to the Department of History and the Graduate School at the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts March 2011 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Michael Brick Title: The Proffered Pen: Saint-Simonianism and the Public Sphere in 19th Century France This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts degree in the Department of History by: Dr. George Sheridan Chair Dr. David Luebke Member Dr. Daniel Pope Member and Richard Linton Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies/Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School Degree awarded March 2011 ii © 2011 Michael Brick iii THESIS ABSTRACT Michael Brick Master of Arts Department of History March 2011 Title: The Proffered Pen: Saint-Simonianism and the Public Sphere in 19th Century France Approved: ________________________________________________ Dr. David Luebke The French ―utopian socialist‖ movement known as Saint-Simonianism has long been recognized for its influence among 19th century engineers. An examination of the early Saint-Simonian journal, Le Producteur, however, reveals the articulation of an appeal to contemporary men of letters. A survey of the life and career of Hippolyte Carnot, a prominent Saint-Simonian man of letters, confirms and illustrates the nature of this appeal as it developed alongside Saint-Simonian ideology. Central to this appeal was the Saint-Simonians‘ attributing to the ―artist‖ the role of moral educator.
    [Show full text]