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Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae: Anomalini) from Mexico and Costa Rica with Remarkable Modifications on the Pronotum Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad, Vol

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Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae: Anomalini) from Mexico and Costa Rica with Remarkable Modifications on the Pronotum Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad, Vol Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Ramírez-Ponce, Andrés; Bitar, Alberto; Curoe, Daniel Two new species of Paranomala (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae: Anomalini) from Mexico and Costa Rica with remarkable modifications on the pronotum Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 85, núm. 4, 2014, pp. 1054-1060 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42532670006 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 1054-1060, 2014 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.45731 Two new species of Paranomala (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae: Anomalini) from Mexico and Costa Rica with remarkable modifications on the pronotum Dos especies nuevas de Paranomala (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae: Anomalini) de México y Costa Rica con modificaciones notables en el pronoto Andrés Ramírez-Ponce1 , Alberto Bitar2 and Daniel Curoe3 1Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Zoología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México D.F., Mexico. 2Noche de Paz 38 int. N-7, Navidad, Cuajimalpa, 05210 México, D.F., Mexico. 3Schiller 524, 11580 México, D.F., Mexico. [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract. Two new species of the genus Paranomala Casey that exhibit notable and unusual pronotal surface configurations are described. Distinctive characters of these species are discussed and illustrated and comments on their resemblance and kinship with other Paranomala species that also exhibit an irregular pronotal surface are included. Key words: Coleoptera, scarab beetles, pronotal shape, morphology, new species. Resumen. Se describen 2 especies nuevas del género Paranomala que presentan notables e inusuales configuraciones de la superficie del pronoto. Se discuten e ilustran los caracteres distintivos de estas especies y se comentan las similitudes y afinidades con otras especies de Paranomala que también presentan una superficie pronotal irregular. Palabras clave: Coleoptera, escarabajos, forma pronotal, morfología, nuevas especies. Introduction characters within the described subgenera and species groups as well as the lack of comparative studies of the The New World genus Paranomala comprises nearly genitalia (Ramírez-Ponce and Morón, 2009). 200 species (Machatschke, 1972) widely distributed The objective of the present work is to describe 2 from southern Canada to northern Argentina, reaching new Paranomala species that are distinctive among the its greatest diversity in Mexico and Central America described Anomalini species because of their prominent (Bates, 1888; Blackwelder, 1944; Jameson et al., 2003; pronotal bulges. Morón et al., 1997). Although recently some research has been done on New World Anomalini (Morón and Materials and methods Nogueira, 1998, 2002; Jameson et al., 2003; Micó et al., 2003; Paucar-Cabrera, 2003; Ramírez-Ponce and Morón, We place both species in Paranomala because 2009; Ramírez-Ponce, 2010), the genus Paranomala they exhibit, according to the definition of the genus remains problematic and in serious need of taxonomic by Ramírez-Ponce and Morón (2009), the following and phylogenetic study (Jameson et al., 2003). Since the diagnostic combination of characters: mesometasternal great nineteenth century works on American beetle fauna, process absent, sexual dimorphism slight, pronotal shape the species level studies of this genus have been scant in subtrapezoidal or subhexagonal, frontoclypeal suture contrast to other Melolonthidae genera in which the study complete, mesepimera covered by elytral humerus, and of regional faunas and comparative morphology of genitals last sternite with beaded apical margin. As these species led to the discovery of many new species. One of the most do not resemble any other we are familiar with, a detailed crucial aspects that complicates the taxonomic study of this revision of the original descriptions of valid species of genus is the prevalence of many uniform morphological Paranomala distributed within the geographical areas where these where collected was made in order to find evidence of the existence of these strange pronotal forms Recibido: 27 marzo 2014; aceptado: 09 junio 2014 (sensu Machatschke, 1974; Morón et al., 1997). Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 1054-1060, 2014 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.45731 1055 Dissection of type specimens was made using forceps bilobed; surface glabrous, deeply concave. Mentum and entomological hooks for the extraction of genitalia and/ surface impunctuate, with 6 long, thick setae on lateral or mouthparts. These were glued on cards and associated and basal margins. Labrum with apical margin widely with their respective exemplars. The taxonomic characters, emarginate, fringed with long, thick setae. Epipharynx terms, and criteria used are those proposed by Ramírez- subtriangular with a strongly curved projection on each Ponce and Morón (2009) and Ramírez-Ponce (2010). side. Maxilla with lacinia well developed, armed with 6 The observations and measurements were made using long, acute teeth; terminal palpus thick, about 1.5× longer an Olympus SZH10 (8-50×) microscope with an ocular than basal segments combined. Mandibles with external micrometer. Photographs were taken with a multifocal border curved; surface moderately setose; scissorial area Leica Z16AP0A microscope and a Leica camera DFC wide, bidentate, preceded by preapical constriction. 490 using the Leica Application Suites software in the Pronotum. Shape subhexagonal. Length to width ratio 1:1.5; Laboratory of Biodiversity II, Institute of Biology, UNAM, pronotal elytral length ratio 1:3.2. Width of base slightly Mexico. narrower than at middle and distinctly wider than anterior Specimens are deposited in the Colección Nacional margin. Anterior margin entirely lined by membranous de Insectos (CNI; UNAM, México City) and Instituto border; posterior margin weakly sinuate. Lateral margins Nacional de la Biodiversidad (INBIO, Costa Rica), and in angulate with 4 long, curved setae on each side. Anterior the personal collections of Miguel Ángel Morón (MXAL; angles acute and pronounced; posterior angles obtuse, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico), Andrés Ramírez Ponce rounded. Disc surface strongly irregular with deep, (ARMX; México City), Alberto Bitar (CABS; México narrow furrow on midline and wide, transversely sinuate City), and Daniel Curoe (DJCC; México City). groove separating 2 large, transversely elongate bulges on each side. Punctuation uniformly dense; punctures large, Description deep. Scutellum. Slightly wider than long (length to width ratio Paranomala corcovada Ramírez-Ponce, Bitar and Curoe, 1:1.25); shape subparabolic; punctuation as on pronotum. sp. nov. Elytra. Shape slender, length to width ratio 3.14:1), with (Figs. 1-5) 12 weak, mostly irregularly punctuate striae; punctures Holotype. Male. Total body length 8.15 mm. Maximum deep, moderate in size, separated by 1-3 diameters. Sutural humeral width 3.42 mm. Length to width ratio 1:0.41 margin slightly raised on apical 2/3; stria I confusedly (Figs. 1a, 1b). punctuate on basal 2/3; stria IV irregularly punctuate, Coloration: head: posterior part of frons and clypeal free striae X and XI extending from humeral umbone and margins dark reddish-brown, surface otherwise yellowish- not reaching apical callus. Lateral margin beaded and ochre; antennae light yellow. Pronotum: posterior and fringed with long setae to apical curve. Humeral umbone lateral margins edged with yellowish-ochre; disc and a large prominent; apical umbone discrete. lateral spot on each side dark reddish-brown. Scutellum: Sternum. Mesosternum with narrow intercoxal space; dark reddish-brown. Elytra: disc light yellowish-ochre; mesosternal process not projected; mesometasternal margins dark reddish-brown. Pygidium: base and disc suture strongly carinate. Metasternal surface sparcely, dark reddish-brown; surface otherwise yellowish-ochre. setigerously punctuate; punctures shallow, small; setae Sternum and abdomen: light yellowish ochre. Legs: mostly long, fine, yellowish. yellowish-ochre; protibial teeth dark reddish-brown (Figs. Abdomen. Punctuation on sternites moderately dense; 1a, 2, 3). puntures shallow, minute; sternites I-V with submarginal Head: pronotum (at middle) head width ratio 1: 0.65. row of small punctures bearing long, yellowish setae. Clypeus subrectangular, anterior angles broadly rounded; Metanotum slender, length to width ratio 3.67:1. Last anterior margin weakly rounded; free margins reflexed; sternite with broad, beaded emargination. Pygidium disc surface weakly tumid, densely and deeply punctuate. broadly convex in lateral view, with a broad, transverse Frontoclypeal suture complete, weakly sinuate. Frons groove along basal margin; surface densely punctuate; surface flat; punctuation uniformly dense; punctures punctures large, shallow; apex with scattered, long setae. deeper than on clypeus; interocular width equals 2.85 Legs. Protibia tridentate; apical tooth oblique, strongly ocular diameters. Eyes prominent; portion of eye anterior curved, acute; medial tooth smaller; basal tooth weak. to canthus visible in dorsal view. Antenna with club Length of protarsomeres I-IV
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