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An Annotated Checklist of Wisconsin Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera)

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An Annotated Checklist of Wisconsin Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida March 2002 An annotated checklist of Wisconsin Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) Nadine A. Kriska University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI Daniel K. Young University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Entomology Commons Kriska, Nadine A. and Young, Daniel K., "An annotated checklist of Wisconsin Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera)" (2002). Insecta Mundi. 537. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/537 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 16, No. 1-3, March-September, 2002 3 1 An annotated checklist of Wisconsin Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) Nadine L. Kriska and Daniel K. Young Department of Entomology 445 Russell Labs University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI 53706 Abstract. A survey of Wisconsin Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) conducted from literature searches, collection inventories, and three years of field work (1997-1999), yielded 177 species representing nine families, two of which, Ochodaeidae and Ceratocanthidae, represent new state family records. Fifty-six species (32% of the Wisconsin fauna) represent new state species records, having not previously been recorded from the state. Literature and collection distributional records suggest the potential for at least 33 additional species to occur in Wisconsin. Introduction however, most of Wisconsin's scarabaeoid species diversity, life histories, and distributions were vir- The superfamily Scarabaeoidea is a large, di- tually unknown. verse group of beetles, comprising more than 30,000 species in 13families worldwide. Over 1,530 species Methods occur in the continental United States. Despite this superfamily's popularity among scientists and hob- To determine what species had been taken in byists, and its incredible diversity (or perhaps, Wisconsin, historical collection and literature because of it), few scarabaeoid surveys have been records, as well as data from private regional collec- conducted in the United States. Blatchley (1910) tions [e.g. University of Wisconsin-Madison Insect surveyed the Coleoptera of Indiana; Dawson (1922b) Research Collection (WIRC) (including the collec- catalogued the scarabs of Nebraska; Blatchley (1927 tion of Daniel K. Young), Milwaukee Public Muse- a,b, 1928 a-d, 1929 a-c, 1930 a,b) catalogued the um (MPMC), and Field Museum of Natural History scarabs of Florida; Rogers (unpublished M.S. the- (FMNH)] were compiled. Field sampling focused on sis, 1946) surveyed the scarabs of Washington State, regions of Wisconsin that had unique records or which served as the basis of Hatch's (1971) treat- were thought to be historically under-sampled. A ment of scarabs in his volumes on Coleoptera of the variety of collecting methods was employed, includ- Pacific Northwest; Helgesen and Post (1967) sur- ing blacklight, flight intercept traps (Malaise and veyed the saprophagous scarabs of North Dakota, window-pane), Lindgren funnel, unbaited and bait- which was followed by the phytophagous scarabs ed pitfall traps, leaf litter and sand sifting, and and trogids (Lago et al. 1979). Following Blatchley's hand collecting from flowers and foliage during works, Woodruff (1973) and Woodruff and Beck both daylight and evening hours. To expand geo- (1989) published more detailed surveys of Florida graphical and temporal species distributions, spe- laprostict scarabs and June beetles, respectively. cific sites were chosen for more in-depth examina- Expanding on Dawson's catalogue, Ratcliffe (1991 tions due to apparent species rarity or uniqueness a,b) published the most comprehensive (Nebras- of habitat types. Collecting efforts were modified kan) scarabaeoid surveys to date. Harpootlian (2001) for specific taxa, and natural history information surveyed the scarabaeoids of South Carolina. was gathered for each species. No comprehensive scarabaeoid surveys have Field samples from broader, ongoing surveys been conducted in Wisconsin, much less the Great [e.g. joint projects with the Wisconsin Department Lakes region. Rauterberg (1885-1889) recorded a of Natural Resources, Nature Conservancy surveys passalid and some stag beetles from Milwaukee (e.g. HemlockDraw), Fort McCoy inventory project, County; Snyder (1897) recorded 30 species from and inventory work at the Necedah National Wild- Dodge County; Dahl and Mahr (1991) conducted a life Refuge] also contributed significantly to this limited survey of June beetles (Phyllophaga spp.); study. Katovich (1995) and Katovich et al. (1998) surveyed the larvae of Wisconsin Phyllophaga. Until now, 32 Volume 16, No. 1-3, March-September, 2002, INSECTA MUNDI Results Oconto; WC: Monroe; C: Wood; SW: Richland; SC: Green. This survey yielded 177 Wisconsin scarabaeoid Family Passalidae species representing nine families. The familial phylogenetic arrangement of Scarabaeoidea adopt- Odontotaenius disjunctus (Illiger) - Schuster ed herein is based primarily on the works of Browne (1983)". Rauterberg (1889) reported this species to and Scholtz (1999). Subfamilial, tribal, and generic be widely encountered in Wisconsin, however, he arrangements are primarily based on Lawrence provided no further locality data, and no Wisconsin and Newton (1995) and Ratcliffe (1991b), respec- specimens have been found. It is possible that this tively. Vouchers of specimens taken during this species has been extirpated from Wisconsin due to survey are housed in the WIRC. A website has been the loss of mature, old growth forests with downed developed for Wisconsin scarabaeoids, and it in- timber of moderate to large diameter in the south- cludes information on their distributions in the ern half of Wisconsin. form of printable maps; it can be accessed at the following address: Family Lucanidae Subfamily Lucaninae Dorcus parallelus (Say) - Benesh (1960). Hand Additionally, a specimen-level database for all collected at night, on the trunlc of a standing Wisconsin records has been completed as part of a dead hackberry tree (Celtis sp.) and on the larger project for Wisconsin's Coleoptera fauna. trunk of Quercus rubra (Linnaeus) (red oak). The data reside with the authors and the WIRC June-July. NC: Lincoln, Taylor; SW: Grant, La under the BIOTA software (Colwell 1996). Crosse; SC: Dane, Sauk; SE: Milwaukee. In the following checklist of Wisconsin Scara- Lucanus capreolus (Linnaeus) - Benesh (1960). baeoidea, the 56 new state species records are Taken at UV light, hand collected at night from indicated in boldface. Species previously recorded porches, sidewalks, and sandy roads. May-Au- in the literature from Wisconsin are followed by the gust. WC: Monroe; SW: Crawford, Grant, Rich- pertinent literature reference. Those species with a land, Vernon; SC: Columbia, Dane, Iowa, Rock; literature record only (no specimens found and no SE: Jefferson, Kenosha, Milwaukee, Racine, locality data available) are marked with an asterisk Waukesha. (*) following the literature citation. To simplify Lucanus placidus Say - Benesh (1960). Shenefeldt county associations, Wisconsin has been divided and Simkover (1950) reported conifer damage into nine, 8-county regions (Map 1) after Hilsenhoff in tree nurseries in Wisconsin by the larvae (1995). Life history and phenological information feeding on the roots. On one occasion, an aggre- pertain solely to adult Wisconsin scarabaeoid records gation of about 15 males and females was found and has been taken directly from labels accompany- under Quercus velutina Lamarck (black oak) ing specimens. Thus, in reporting plant associa- shortly after dusk. May-August. NW: Burnett, tions, we report the data as indicated by specimen Rusk; NE: Marinette, Oconto; WC: Monroe, labels. However, we also commonly indicate an Pierce; C: Adams, Juneau, Portage, Waupaca, appropriate vernacular name when the specimen Wood; EC: Winnebago; SW: Grant, La Crosse, bears a latin binomial, and vice versa [e.g., on the Richland, Vernon; SC: Columbia, Dane, Lafay- trunk of a standing dead hackberry tree (Celtis sp.)] ette, Rock, Sauk; SE: Racine, Walworth. or [on the trunk of Quercus rubra (Linnaeus) (red Platycerus piceus (Kzrby) - Benesh (1960). Found oak)]. Many scarabaeoid species are long-lived as along the shore of Lake Superior. May-July. adults, and many phenologies are likely artifacts of NW: Bayfield, Douglas; NE: Marinette. human activity. We still lack sound natural history Platycerus virescens (Fabricius) - Benesh (1960). information for some species in Wisconsin. On the surface of rotting oak logs. April-Sep- tember. NW: Bayfield; NC: Oneida; NE: Door, Family Glaresidae Oconto; WC: Eau Claire; C: Waupaca, Waush- ara; SW: Grant; SC: Dane, Green, La Fayette, Glaresis inducta Horn - Gordon (1970). All speci- Saulc; SE: Ozaukee, Racine. mens taken at UV light. June-September. NE: INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 16, No. 1-3, March-September, 2002 3 3 Map 1. Regional divisions (nine, 8-county areas) of Wisconsin (after Hilsenhoff 1995) Subfamily Nicaginae Subfamily Syndesinae Nicagus obscurus (LeConte) - Katovich and Kriska Ceruchuspiceus (Weber) - Benesh (1960). Found in (2002). Dead and live specimens discovered oak logs in an advanced red-rot
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