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Thesis Reference Thesis Mahzor Vitry : étude d'un corpus de manuscrits hébreux ashkénazes de type liturgico-légal du XIIe au XIVe siècle ISSERLES, Justine Abstract Rédigé à la fin du XIe siècle, le Mahzor Vitry est considéré comme la source majeure de la liturgie juive de la France du Nord. Dix manuscrits du Mahzor Vitry identifiés à ce jour ont fait l'objet d'une analyse de leur structure et de leur transmission textuelle, ainsi que la mise en évidence de leur double nature; en tant que livres de prière et comme manuels d'étude. Une évolution du contenu dans ces manuscrits est visible à partir de la première moitié du XIIIe siècle, où des textes de genre variés ont été intégrés comme addenda littéraires au noyau liturgico-légal de ces manuscrits. En outre, une comparaison avec six autres manuscrits ashkénazes du même type, démontre que l'organisation livresque de ces livres n'est pas limitée aux manuscrits du Mahzor Vitry. Reference ISSERLES, Justine. Mahzor Vitry : étude d'un corpus de manuscrits hébreux ashkénazes de type liturgico-légal du XIIe au XIVe siècle. Thèse de doctorat : Univ. Genève, 2012, no. L. 740 URN : urn:nbn:ch:unige-230033 DOI : 10.13097/archive-ouverte/unige:23003 Available at: http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:23003 Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version. 1 / 1 ECOLE PRATIQUE DES HAUTES ETUDES SCIENCES HISTORIQUES ET PHILOLOGIQUES (IVe section) Mention « Histoire, textes et documents » Discipline « Langues, littérature et civilisations juive » en cotutelle avec L’UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE FACULTE DES LETTRES Département des langues et littératures françaises et latines médiévales Ma ḥzor Vitry : étude d’un corpus de manuscrits hébreux ashkénazes de type liturgico-légal du XIIe au XIVe siècle VOL.I Thèse de doctorat présentée par Mme Justine ISSERLES Sous la codirection de Madame Judith OLSZOWY-SCHLANGER Directeur d’études à l’EPHE (IVe section) et Monsieur Jean-Yves TILLIETTE Professeur à l’Université de Genève Date de soutenance : 18 janvier 2012 Rapporteurs: M. Ephraïm KANARFOGEL (Yeshiva University, New York) M. Sacha STERN (University College London, Londres) Président du jury: M. Jean WIRTH (Université de Genève, Genève) Membres du jury : Mme Colette SIRAT (Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris) M. Ephraïm KANARFOGEL (Yeshiva University, New York) Mme Esther STAROBINSKI-SAFRAN (Université de Genève, Genève) M. Sacha STERN (University College London, Londres) TABLE DES MATIERES Remerciements ......................................................................................................................... i Système de translittération hébreu-français ............................................................................ iii Sigles des manuscrits du Ma ḥzor Vitry .................................................................................... iv Carte des régions géoculturelles de la production des manuscrits hébreux ........................... v Carte de l’aire géographique d’Ashkenaz ............................................................................... v I. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1 II. Le Ma ḥzor Vitry et son origine .......................................................................................... 6 1. Genèse de l’œuvre ................................................................................................................ 6 2. Sources du Ma ḥzor Vitry ..................................................................................................... 14 3. Auteur et datation de l’œuvre .............................................................................................. 21 4. Etat de la recherche .............................................................................................................. 28 III. Le Ma ḥzor Vitry: description, dates et transmission manuscrite .................................... 33 1. Description et datation des manuscrits du corpus des Ma ḥzor Vitry ................................... 34 2. La transmission textuelle du Ma ḥzor Vitry .......................................................................... 59 IV. Le Ma ḥzor Vitry: un rituel de prière ................................................................................ 78 1. Les rites germano- et franco-ashkénazes ............................................................................ 78 2. Contenu et structure liturgique des manuscrits du corpus .................................................. 90 a) les prières obligatoires annuelles publiques et privées ................................................ 93 b) les poèmes liturgiques .................................................................................................. 100 c) les prières au statut particulier et de dévotion personnelle .......................................... 108 d) les cérémonies relatives à la vie juive .......................................................................... 114 V. Le Ma ḥzor Vitry: un livre d’étude ..................................................................................... 119 1. Le modèle d’organisation livresque des manuscrits du Ma ḥzor Vitry ................................ 119 2. Description de six manuscrits de type liturgico-légal du XIII e au XV e siècle .................... 125 3. Les textes d’étude dans les manuscrits du Ma ḥzor Vitry et les manuscrits comparatifs ............................................................................................................................... 139 a) description des textes d’étude ....................................................................................... 141 b) classement des manuscrits ............................................................................................ 175 c) Ashkenaz et sa culture littéraire vus à travers les manuscrits étudiés ........................... 181 VI. Le Ma ḥzor Vitry et la mystique juive ............................................................................... 188 1. Le contexte historique du Torat ha-Sod en Ashkenaz ......................................................... 188 2. La mezuzah -amulette .......................................................................................................... 193 3. L’influence du courant des Ḥasidei Ashkenaz dans les manuscrits du Ma ḥzor Vitry ........ 210 VII. Les manuscrits du Ma ḥzor Vitry et les manuscrits latins et vernaculaires de l’époque scolastique ................................................................................................................ 217 1. Les contacts judéo-chrétiens en Ashkenaz .......................................................................... 218 2. Les parallèles esthétiques entre les manuscrits hébreux et les manuscrits latins et vernaculaires de l’époque scolastique ...................................................................................... 224 a) la mise en page ............................................................................................................. 231 b) la mise en texte ............................................................................................................. 233 c) deux éléments propres à la mise en page et la mise en texte des manuscrits hébreux .............................................................................................................................. 237 VIII. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 242 IX. Bibliographie ..................................................................................................................... 248 X. Annexes (volume II) ........................................................................................................... 293 1. Notices codicologiques et paléographiques des dix manuscrits du Ma ḥzor Vitry ............... 293 a) Paris, collection particulière, Ms ex-Sassoon 535 ........................................................ 293 b) Parme, Biblioteca Palatina, Ms 2574 (De Rossi 159) .................................................. 299 c) Moscou, Russian State Library, Collection Guenzburg, Ms 481 ................................. 306 d) Oxford, Bodleian Library, Ms Opp. 59 ........................................................................ 313 e) New York, Jewish Theological Seminary, Ms 8092 .................................................... 320 f) Cambridge, Cambridge University Library, Ms Add. 667.1 ........................................ 328 g) Londres, British Library, Mss Add. 27200 et 27201 .................................................... 334 h) Paris, Alliance Israélite Universelle, Ms 133H ............................................................ 345 i) Oxford, Bodleian Library, Ms Opp. Add. 14 ................................................................ 351 j) Oxford, Bodleian Library, Ms Opp. 649 ....................................................................... 356 2. Tableau de synthèse des caractéristiques codicologiques et paléographiques des manuscrits du Ma ḥzor Vitry ..................................................................................................... 364 3. Edition critique d’une partie de texte tirée des Hilkhot ʾevel (lois sur le deuil) dans sept manuscrits du Ma ḥzor Vitry et l’édition imprimée du Siddur Rashi ................................ 365 4. Tableau comparatif du contenu liturgique des dix manuscrits
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