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University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 69-49 97 WEBER, Wallace Rudolph, 1934- BIOSYSTEMATIC STUDIES IN THE GENUS SELPHIUM L. (COMPOSITAE): INVESTIGATIONS IN THE SELE'dTED INTRASPECIFIC TAXA OF SILPHIUM ASTERISCUS L. The Ohio State University, Ph,D,, 1968 Botany University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan _ W allace Rudolph Weber 1969 ( £ )____________________________ ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BIOSYSTEMATIC STUDIES IN THE GENUS SILPHIUM L. (COMPOSITAE): INVESTIGATIONS IN THE SELECTED INTRASPECIFIC TAXA OF SILPHIUM ASTERISCUS L. DISSERTATION Presented In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Wallace Rudolph Weber, B. A., M. S. The Ohio State University 1968 Approved by Advi ser Botany ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express appreciation to my adviser, Dr. I . R. Fisher, for suggesting this problem and for his help, suggestions, and criticisms during completion of this study. Appreciation is also extended to Drs. John A. Schmitt and Ronald L. Stuckey for their evaluation of this dissertation and for their helpful criticism and suggestions. Special recognition is given to the author's wife and many collègues for their encouragement and assistance while the study was in progress. The curators of the following herbaria are gratefully acknowledged for their kindness in loaning specimens and photographs: Brooklyn Botanic Garden (BKL) Chicago Natural History Museum (F) Florida State University (FSU) Gray Herbarium of Harvard University (GH) Indiana University (IND) Missouri Botanical Garden (MO) Naturhistorisches Museum of Wein, Austria (W) New York Botanical Garden (NY) Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (PH) United States National Museum (US) University of Tennessee (TENN) University of North Carolina (NCU) University of West Virginia (WVA) I I VITA August 1, 1934 .......................Born - Murphysboro, Illinois 1956 ..............................................B.A., Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, 111inois 1956-1959 ................................ Teaching Assistant, Department of Botany, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, 111 i noi s 1959 ..............................................M.S., Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 1959-1962 ................................ Instructor in Biology, Otterbein College, Westervilie, Ohio 1962-1967 ................................ Teaching Assistant and Teaching Associate, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1967-1968 ................................ Assistant Professor of Biology, Department of Life Science, Southwest Missouri State College, Springfield, Missouri PUBLICATION Weber, W. R. and R. H. Mohlenbrock. 1958. An unusual form of Asplénium Bradleyi. Amer. Fern Jour. 48 (4): 159-161. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Botany Studies in Plant Taxonomy. Professors T.R. Fisher, Clara G. Weishaupt, and Ronald L. Stuckey. Studies in Cytology. Professor E.F. Paddock. I I I CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS i i TABLES................................ V ILLUSTRATIONS.............................................. , ........................................................ îx INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................... 1 TAXONOMY, ECOLOGY, AND DISTRIBUTION ....................................................... 5 RESEARCH GARDEN HYBRIDIZATION STUDIES .................................................. 59 NATURAL HYBRIDIZATION STUDIES ..................................................................... 71 CYTOLOGY.............................................................................................................................95 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS..................................................................................127 APPENDIX....................................................... : .................................................................144 BIBLIOGRAPHY..................................................................................................................206 TABLES Table Page 1 Population analysis of Sllphium asteriscus subsp. lati fol Ium, subsp. asteriscus, and Silphium asperrimum .............................................. 90 2 Chromosomal end-arrangement and source of selected standard representatives .............................................................. 99 3 Chromosomal configuration in hybrids between Silphium asteriscus subsp. tri foli atum and subsp. latifolium and standard species representatives ....................................................................................... 101 4 Chromosomal configurations in hybrids of inter- and intrasubspecific crosses of Silphium asteriscus subsp. tri foli atum and subsp. lati fol i um.................................................................................................. 103 5 Chromosomal configurations and pollen stain- ability in individuals of Silphium asteriscus subsp. tri foli atum and subsp. latifolium growing in research garden .............................................................. 105 6 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus s ubs p. tri fol i atum x Silphium albi florum.......................... 145 7 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus — - subsp. trifoliatum x S. asperrimum........................................ 146 8 Intersubspecific crosses between SiIphium asteriscus subsp. tri fol i atum x S. asteriscus subsp. angustatum......................................................... 148 9 Intersubspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. tri fol i atum x S. asteriscus subsp. asteriscus................................................... 149 10 Intersubspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. tri fol i atum x S. asteriscus subsp. dentatum........................................................ 151 11 Intersubspecific crosses between SiIphium asteriscus subsp. tri fol i atum x ^ __ asteriscus subsp. lati fol i um.................................................... 153 TABLES (CONTINUED) Table Page 12 Intrasubspecific crosses between individuals of S. asteriscus subsp. tri fol i atum............................................ 156 13 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. trifoliatum x S. compositurn subsp. compos i tum.................................................................................................... 159 14 Interspecific crosses between Si-lphium asteriscus subsp. tri foli atum x ^ compos i tum subsp. mi chauxi i ................................................................................................. 160 15 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. tri foli atum x ^ compos i tum subsp. reni forme ....................................................................................................... lél 16 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. trifoliatum x S. connatum................................. I63 17 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. trifoliatum x S. gracile...................... 164 18 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. trifoliatum x S. integri folium........ I 65 19 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. tri fol i atum x ^ lad ni atum............................................ I67 20 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. tri fol i atum x S. mohril..................................................... I 69 21 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. trifoliatum x S. perfoliatum................................ 170 22 Interspecific crosses between SiIphi um asteriscus subsp. tri fol i atum x pi nnati fi dum........................ 171 23 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus s ubs p. tri fol i atum x reverchoni i ........................... 172 24 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. trifoliatum x S. scaberrimum.......................................... 173 25 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. trifoliatum x S. simpsonii................... 175 26 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus s ubs p. tri fol i atum x ^ sped os um....................... 176 vi TABLES (CONTINUED) Table Page 27 interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. trifoliatum x S. terebinthinaceum ......................... 177 28 Interspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. lati folium x ^ albi florum.......................................... 178 29 Interspecific crosses between SiIphi um asteriscus subsp. lati folium x S. asperrimum.......................................... 179 30 Intersubspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. iatifoli um x S. asteriscus subsp. angustatum................................................... IBO 31 Intersubspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. Iatifo li um x S. asteriscus subsp. asteriscus................................................... I8l 32 Intersubspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. iati foli um x S. asteriscus subsp. dentatum................................. ..................... 182 33 Intrasubspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. 1 ati foli um x S. asteriscus subsp. lati folium................................................. 184 34 Intersubspecific crosses between Silphium asteriscus subsp. lati foli um x S. asteriscus subsp. tri fol i atum................................................ I87 35 Interspecific crosses
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