Machtwechsel in Ost-Berlin. Der Sturz Walter Ulbrichts 1971
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REFORM, RESISTANCE and REVOLUTION in the OTHER GERMANY By
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Archive, E-theses Repository RETHINKING THE GDR OPPOSITION: REFORM, RESISTANCE AND REVOLUTION IN THE OTHER GERMANY by ALEXANDER D. BROWN A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Modern Languages School of Languages, Cultures, Art History and Music University of Birmingham January 2019 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract The following thesis looks at the subject of communist-oriented opposition in the GDR. More specifically, it considers how this phenomenon has been reconstructed in the state-mandated memory landscape of the Federal Republic of Germany since unification in 1990. It does so by presenting three case studies of particular representative value. The first looks at the former member of the Politbüro Paul Merker and how his entanglement in questions surrounding antifascism and antisemitism in the 1950s has become a significant trope in narratives of national (de-)legitimisation since 1990. The second delves into the phenomenon of the dissident through the aperture of prominent singer-songwriter, Wolf Biermann, who was famously exiled in 1976. -
The Layers of Memory at Sachsenhausen: from the GDR to Contemporary Germany
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga UTC Scholar Student Research, Creative Works, and Honors Theses Publications 8-2015 The layers of memory at Sachsenhausen: from the GDR to contemporary Germany Barry J. Bookheimer Jr. University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.utc.edu/honors-theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Bookheimer, Barry J. Jr., "The layers of memory at Sachsenhausen: from the GDR to contemporary Germany" (2015). Honors Theses. This Theses is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research, Creative Works, and Publications at UTC Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of UTC Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Bookheimer 2 Introduction Memory is never shaped in a vacuum; the motives of memory are never pure.1 James E. Young Identity without memory is empty, memory without identity is meaningless.2 Robert Eaglestone When I visited the former Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp near Berlin for the first time, I very quickly realized that I was not fully prepared for what I saw. I expected to see victim-centric exhibits that told the story of those that were persecuted in the camp as well as interplay between authentic relics of the Holocaust era and representative works that collaborated to narrate the history of the place. I was prepared for a great deal of sorrow and suffering to characterize the tone of memory at Sachsenhausen. I did not anticipate, however, that I would encounter a massive East German monument to communist victory standing in the center of the former Konzentrationslager Sachsenhausen (Sachsenhausen-KZ). -
Television and the Cold War in the German Democratic Republic
0/-*/&4637&: *ODPMMBCPSBUJPOXJUI6OHMVFJU XFIBWFTFUVQBTVSWFZ POMZUFORVFTUJPOT UP MFBSONPSFBCPVUIPXPQFOBDDFTTFCPPLTBSFEJTDPWFSFEBOEVTFE 8FSFBMMZWBMVFZPVSQBSUJDJQBUJPOQMFBTFUBLFQBSU $-*$,)&3& "OFMFDUSPOJDWFSTJPOPGUIJTCPPLJTGSFFMZBWBJMBCMF UIBOLTUP UIFTVQQPSUPGMJCSBSJFTXPSLJOHXJUI,OPXMFEHF6OMBUDIFE ,6JTBDPMMBCPSBUJWFJOJUJBUJWFEFTJHOFEUPNBLFIJHIRVBMJUZ CPPLT0QFO"DDFTTGPSUIFQVCMJDHPPE Revised Pages Envisioning Socialism Revised Pages Revised Pages Envisioning Socialism Television and the Cold War in the German Democratic Republic Heather L. Gumbert The University of Michigan Press Ann Arbor Revised Pages Copyright © by Heather L. Gumbert 2014 All rights reserved This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (be- yond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publisher. Published in the United States of America by The University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America c Printed on acid- free paper 2017 2016 2015 2014 5 4 3 2 A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978– 0- 472– 11919– 6 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978– 0- 472– 12002– 4 (e- book) Revised Pages For my parents Revised Pages Revised Pages Contents Acknowledgments ix Abbreviations xi Introduction 1 1 Cold War Signals: Television Technology in the GDR 14 2 Inventing Television Programming in the GDR 36 3 The Revolution Wasn’t Televised: Political Discipline Confronts Live Television in 1956 60 4 Mediating the Berlin Wall: Television in August 1961 81 5 Coercion and Consent in Television Broadcasting: The Consequences of August 1961 105 6 Reaching Consensus on Television 135 Conclusion 158 Notes 165 Bibliography 217 Index 231 Revised Pages Revised Pages Acknowledgments This work is the product of more years than I would like to admit. -
Twelfth Session of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany
INFORMATION SERVICE OF THE SOCIALIST UNITY PARTY OF GERMANY NO 1322 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from University of Alberta Libraries https://archive.org/details/twelfthsessionofOOsozi Twelfth Session of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany in Berlin on 12 and 13 December 1969 Printed in the German Democratic Republic by Grafischer Grossbetrieb Volkerfreundschaft Dresden 9270 - 2 Contents page From the Report of the Political Bureau to the 12th Session of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Ger¬ many given by Comrade Werner Jarowinsky, Candidate Member of the Political Bureau and Secretary of the Central Committee 5 I. Implementing the Economic System of Socialism During the 1969 Plan 7 On the Results of the 1969 Plan Fulfilment and the Social¬ ist Emulation 7 On a Few Questions of the Organization of Science and Complex Socialist Automation 8 On the Publication of the Book The Political Economy of Socialism and Its Application in the GDR 11 II. Further Development of the Integrated Socialist Educa¬ tional System 12 The Main Direction of Public Education up to 1980 12 On Carrying Out the Third Reform of Ffigher Education 14 On the Academy Reform 16 On the Systematic Training and Further Training of the Working People 17 III. Further Strengthening the International Positions of the GDR and its Authority in the World 18 GDR Progress in Foreign Policy 19 New Initiatives for Guaranteeing European Security 21 Activities to Strengthen and Further Consolidate the So¬ cialist Community of States 23 On the Ideological and Theoretical Work of the SED and Other Fraternal Parties in Evaluating and Implementing the Documents of the International Meeting 25 Exchange of Delegations and Experiences 26 IV. -
The Fall of the Wall: the Unintended Self-Dissolution of East Germany’S Ruling Regime
COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN, ISSUE 12 /13 131 The Fall of the Wall: The Unintended Self-Dissolution of East Germany’s Ruling Regime By Hans-Hermann Hertle ast Germany’s sudden collapse like a house of cards retrospect to have been inevitable.” He labeled this in fall 1989 caught both the political and academic thinking “whatever happened, had to have happened,” or, Eworlds by surprise.1 The decisive moment of the more ironically, “the marvelous advantage which historians collapse was undoubtedly the fall of the Berlin Wall during have over political scientists.”15 Resistance scholar Peter the night of 9 November 1989. After the initial political Steinbach commented that historians occasionally forget upheavals in Poland and Hungary, it served as the turning very quickly “that they are only able to offer insightful point for the revolutions in Central and Eastern Europe and interpretations of the changes because they know how accelerated the deterioration of the Soviet empire. Indeed, unpredictable circumstances have resolved themselves.”16 the Soviet Union collapsed within two years. Along with In the case of 9 November 1989, reconstruction of the the demolition of the “Iron Curtain” in May and the details graphically demonstrates that history is an open opening of the border between Hungary and Austria for process. In addition, it also leads to the paradoxical GDR citizens in September 1989, the fall of the Berlin Wall realization that the details of central historical events can stands as a symbol of the end of the Cold War,2 the end of only be understood when they are placed in their historical the division of Germany and of the continent of Europe.3 context, thereby losing their sense of predetermination.17 Political events of this magnitude have always been The mistaken conclusion of what Reinhard Bendix the preferred stuff of which legends and myths are made of. -
Die Konfessionelle Krankenpflegeausbildung War Eine
Katholische Krankenpflegeausbildung in der SBZ/DDR und im Transformationsprozess Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Doktorin der Philosophie (Dr. phil.) der Erziehungswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Erfurt vorgelegt von Cornelia Ropers Gutachter: 1. Prof. Dr. theol. Andrea Schulte (Universität Erfurt) 2. Prof. Dr. theol. Josef Pilvousek (Universität Erfurt) 3. Prof. Dr. med. Dr. med. dent. Hans Pistner (Universität Jena) Datum der Dispuation: 06. Juli 2009, Universität Erfurt, Erziehungswissenschaftliche Fakultät Datum der Promotion: 06. Juli 2009 urn:nbn:de:gbv:547-200900824 Zusammenfassung Die konfessionelle Krankenpflegeausbildung war die einzige christliche Berufsausbildung mit staatlicher Anerkennung in der DDR, somit drängt sich die Frage auf, wieso diese Ausbildung möglich war, obwohl der Staat das Erziehungs- und Bildungsmonopol beanspruchte. Ein Grund lag ganz sicher darin, dass die staatlichen Stellen sich immer des besonderen Potential der konfessionellen Häuser bei der Versorgung der Bevölkerung bewusst waren. In der SBZ wurden alle katholischen Krankenpflegeschulen wieder zugelassen. Die ersten Jahre der DDR waren durch Spannungen und Unsicherheiten gekennzeichnet. Die Recherchen und Interviews, die zu jedem der Ausbildungskrankenhäuser geführt wurden, lassen eine Verallgemeinerung zu. Wichtigster Ausbilder und Partner der Schülerinnen waren in dieser Zeit die Ordensschwestern. Ab 1973 führte der DCV/Zst. Berlin Verhandlungen mit dem Ministerium für Gesundheitswesen, um ein Fortbestehen der -
Andreas Malycha Die SED in Der Ära Honecker Quellen Und Darstellungen Zur Zeitgeschichte
Andreas Malycha Die SED in der Ära Honecker Quellen und Darstellungen zur Zeitgeschichte Herausgegeben vom Institut für Zeitgeschichte Band 102 Andreas Malycha Die SED in der Ära Honecker Machtstrukturen, Entscheidungsmechanismen und Konfliktfelder in der Staatspartei 1971 bis 1989 ISBN 978-3-486-74709-6 E-ISBN 978-3-11-034785-2 ISSN 0481-3545 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbiblio- grafie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.dnb.de abrufbar. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. © 2014 Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH Rosenheimer Straße 143, 81671 München, Deutschland www.degruyter.com Ein Unternehmen von De Gruyter Einbandgestaltung: hauser lacour Druck und Bindung: Hubert & Co, Göttingen Gedruckt in Deutschland Dieses Papier ist alterungsbeständig nach DIN/ISO 9706. Inhalt Danksagung ..................................................... VII Einführung ...................................................... 1 I. Von Ulbricht zu Honecker..................................... 11 1. Die Machtzentren der SED: Politbüro und Sekretariat des Zentralkomitees .......................................... 11 2. Die Waldsiedlung bei Wandlitz .............................. 20 3. Das Politbüro der späten Ulbricht-Ära ....................... 31 4. Der Abbruch der Wirtschaftsreformen und das Ende der Ära Ulbricht -
Journal Der DEFA-Stiftung | 3 2020 N Editorial: Leuchtkraft, Die Dritte!
Journal der DEFA-Stiftung | 3 2020 n Editorial: Leuchtkraft, die Dritte! Trotz Gegenwart in die Zukunft: Fragen an den neuen Vorstand Stefanie, seit Juli bist Du Vorstand der DEFA-Chefdramaturgen Rudolf Jürschik«. Auch die um- DEFA-Stiftung und an dieser Stelle würde ich fangreiche DVD-Box mit Filmen von Wolfgang Kohlhaase fragen, welche neuen Perspektiven und Schwer- wird pünktlich zu seinem 90. Geburtstag im Vertrieb von punkte Du für die zukünftige Stiftungsarbeit ICESTORM erscheinen. Zahlreiche Filme konnten 2020 setzt. Da wir aber ein Jahr erlebt haben, in dem dank der Unterstützung des Bundesarchivs digitalisiert Hans Müllers DEFA-Klassiker 1-2-3 Corona werden, etwa Spielfilme der Wende-Jugend. Gefreut (1948) unverhoffte Aufmerksamkeit bekam, habe ich mich über die Bearbeitung des Dokumentar- stelle ich die Frage eher als eine nach den filmsGrenzland – eine Reise von Andreas Voigt (1992), besonderen Herausforderungen. und über die Dresdner Trickfilme der 1980er-Jahre, denen 1-2-3 Corona ist kein uninteressanter Film, wenn ich an die Marion Rasche als künstlerische Leiterin des Studios den erste Einstellung und den langsamen Schwenk auf den Zet- Weg bahnte. Ein besonderes Erlebnis war zudem die tel denke, der an eine Mauer gekleistert ist: »Die Schulen Retrospektive zu Filmen von Konrad Wolf in Bologna. bleiben bis auf weiteres geschlossen« – und schon sind wir im Jahr 2020! Ein Jahr, in dem sich die DEFA-Stiftung vielen Auf welche bisher zu wenig beachteten unvorhersehbaren Herausforderungen zu stellen hatte. Vie- Bereiche wird sich Deine Aufmerksamkeit le unserer geplanten Veranstaltungen mussten verschoben in Zukunft richten? und abgesagt werden. Und auch wir leiden unter dem Ein- Ich sehe die DEFA-Stiftung noch stärker als bisher in der nahmeverlust durch die Schließung der Kinos, durch den Rolle der Beraterin und Wegbegleiterin von Projekten Einbruch des DVD- und generell des Finanzmarktes. -
Anti-Fascism, Anti-Communism, and Memorial Cultures: a Global
ANTI-FASCISM, ANTI-COMMUNISM, AND MEMORIAL CULTURES: A GLOBAL STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL BRIGADE VETERANS by Jacob Todd Bernhardt A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Boise State University May 2021 © 2021 Jacob Todd Bernhardt ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BOISE STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE COLLEGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE AND FINAL READING APPROVALS of the thesis submitted by Jacob Todd Bernhardt Thesis Title: Anti-Fascism, Anti-Communism, and Memorial Cultures: A Global Study of International Brigade Veterans Date of Final Oral Examination: 08 March 2021 The following individuals read and discussed the thesis submitted by student Jacob Todd Bernhardt, and they evaluated the student’s presentation and response to questions during the final oral examination. They found that the student passed the final oral examination. John P. Bieter, Ph.D. Chair, Supervisory Committee Shaun S. Nichols, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee Peter N. Carroll, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee The final reading approval of the thesis was granted by John P. Bieter, Ph.D., Chair of the Supervisory Committee. The thesis was approved by the Graduate College. DEDICATION For my dear Libby, who believed in me every step of the way. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Throughout the writing of this thesis, I have received a great deal of support and assistance. I would first like to thank my Committee Chair, Professor John Bieter, whose advice was invaluable in broadening the scope of my research. Your insightful feedback pushed me to sharpen my thinking and brought my work to a higher level. I would like to thank Professor Shaun Nichols, whose suggestions helped me improve the organization of my thesis and the power of my argument. -
Ulbricht Embattled: the Quest for Socialist Modernity in the Light of New Sources Author(S): Jeffrey Kopstein Source: Europe-Asia Studies, Vol
Ulbricht Embattled: The Quest for Socialist Modernity in the Light of New Sources Author(s): Jeffrey Kopstein Source: Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 46, No. 4, Soviet and East European History (1994), pp. 597- 615 Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/152929 Accessed: 22/03/2010 17:14 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=taylorfrancis. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Taylor & Francis, Ltd. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Europe-Asia Studies. http://www.jstor.org EUROPE-ASIASTUDIES, Vol. 46, No. -
Reginlc ( 'Ulhaps..' Ill • Lit' P..'Un'flll Eas' (;..'
')h GERMAN POLITICS year. In the case of unemployed people who are older than this the duration of this right Reginlc ( 'ulhaps..' ill • lit' P..'un'flll Eas' (;..'.. 111.1 .. to unemployment benefit increases in steps, and reaches a maximum period of payment of two and a half years for the unemployed over 55. Revolution: tilt.' I~ul .., uf Middlt'-I ,"'Vt'l ()ffkials 62. Cf. Hubert Heinelt and Anne Lohmann, Immigranten im Wohlfahrtsstaat - am Beispiel der Rechtspositionen und Lebensverhiiltnisse von Aussiedlern (Opladen: Leske & Budrich, 1992). DANIEt~ 63. Jellinek, op. cit., p. 143. V. t:RII',I)III'IM M. Ibid., pp. 163 ff. 65. Cf. ibid., pp. 268 ff. In addition, local communities are also corporate bodies under public law- and this is precisely the case in Jellinek's view. The right offoreigners to vote at local elections, which is at present the subject of political controversy, could therefore During the autumn of 1989, the CommUlli.I·1 /t'g/IIII' /11 /' 1/.11 also be derived from a longer period of stay in these local communities that are not Germany lost its will to continue using repressiolllo sl(/.\' ill/IIIII'I'/ directly state ones. On the right of foreigners to vote at different state levels in the EC Rather than in Berlin, peacejlll dialogue with street demollslralor.1 member countries d. Philip Nanton, 'National Frameworks', op. cit., pp. 194 ff. 66. Ibid, p. 194. came in the regional capitals. The reason is that alt/wuf!.11 111/' 67. Cf. Heinelt and Lohmann op. cit., pp. 45 ff. on the group of Aussiedler. -
The Fédération Internationale Des Résistants (FIR) Its Activities During the Breakdown of the Soviet Bloc1
S: I. M. O. N. SHOAH: I NTERVENTION. M ETHODS. DOCUMENTATION. Maximilian Becker The Fédération Internationale des Résistants (FIR) Its activities during the Breakdown of the Soviet Bloc1 Abstract This paper offers an analysis of the activities of the communist-dominated Fédération Inter- nationale des Résistants (International Federation of Resistance Movements, FIR), the inter- national umbrella organisation of associations of victims of Nazi persecution from both Eastern and Western Europe between the late 1980s and early 1990s. During this time, the collapse of the Soviet Bloc led to a deep crisis for the Eastern European organisations like the Polish Związek Bojowników o Wolność i Demokrację (Union of Fighters for Freedom and Democracy) representing the former anti-fascist resistance fighters and political prisoners of Nazi concentration camps, which had been part of the communist power apparatus, and therefore of FIR. The organisation, which had been mired in growing financial difficulties for at least two decades, then lost much of its influence and of its potential to spread its mes- sage among the public. Nevertheless, FIR tried to maintain its activities with a special focus on dealing with right-wing extremism, the preservation of the rights and pensions of former resistance fighters, a commitment to peace and disarmament, as well as to the politics of memory. In June 1991, the Fédération Internationale des Résistants (International Federa- tion of Resistance Movements, hereafter FIR) held its Eleventh Ordinary Congress Moscow.