COMPANIES USAGE TYPE DESCRIPTION WEBSITE A.C. Nielsen Company (COM) Commercial global marketing research firm http://www.nielsen.com/us/en.html ADForm A/S (COMP) Company/T1 global digital media advertising technology company. Based in http://site.adform.com/ American multinational computer software company. The company is Adobe Systems Inc. (COM) Commercial headquartered in San Jose, California, United States. http://www.adobe.com/about-adobe.html CLOUD/ leading content delivery network (CDN) services provider for media Akamai Technologies Inc. (CDN) Content Delivery Network and software delivery, and cloud security solutions. https://www.akamai.com/ Amazon Technologies, Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Amazon.com Inc. Amazon Technologies Inc. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit Engaged in the provision of services for engineering projects, and environmental feasibility and techno-economic studies. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_(company) Amazon.com, Inc., doing business as Amazon, is an American electronic Amazon.com Inc. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit commerce and cloud computing company based in Seattle, Washington that was founded by Jeff Bezos on July 5, 1994. https://www.amazon.com/p/feature/rzekmvyjojcp6uc AOL is a web portal and online service provider based in New York. It is a AOL Inc. (ISP) Fixed Line ISP brand marketed by Oath, a subsidiary of Verizon Communications. https://www.aol.com/ American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, Apple Inc. (COM) Commercial California that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services. https://www.apple.com/sitemap/ internet technology company that powers the real-time sale and purchase of Appnexus Inc (COM) Commercial digital advertising https://www.appnexus.com/en Content delivery network, DDoS mitigation, Internet security services and CloudFlare Inc. (CDN) Content Delivery Network distributed domain name server services, sitting between the visitor and the Cloudflare user's hosting provider, acting as a reverse proxy for websites. https://www.cloudflare.com/ Comcast Cable Communications LLC (ISP) Fixed Line ISP Provides cable television services. https://www.xfinity.com/ Compuserve Inc. (ISP) Fixed Line ISP Major commercial online service provider http://webcenters.netscape.compuserve.com/menu/ Criteo Corp. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit Internet marketing service in , New York https://www.criteo.com/ Demos Telecom LLC (COM) Commercial *SKETCHY / no website / "Internet service provider" in St Petersburg, Russia no website DigitalOcean LLC (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit Cloud computing platform, designed for developers. https://www.digitalocean.com/ DoD Network Information Center (MIL) Military Department of Defense - Monitoring File sharing host that offers cloud storage, file synchronization, personal cloud, Dropbox Inc. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit and client software. https://www.dropbox.com/?landing=dbv2 Verizon Digital Media Services is a , CA, based content delivery EdgeCast NetBlk (CDN) Content Delivery Network network (CDN) owned by Verizon Communications https://www.verizondigitalmedia.com/platform/edgecast-cdn/ Telecommunications, ICT and online service company and a market leader in Elisa Oyj (ISP) Fixed Line ISP, (MOB) Mobile ISP Finland http://corporate.elisa.com/ Provides computer related services and consulting. The Company offers its Facebook Ireland Ltd (COM) Commercial services in software development and network design to customers throughout https://www.reuters.com/article/us-facebook-tax/u-s-tax-agency- Ireland. investigates-facebooks-ireland-asset-transfer-idUSKCN0ZN1IU CLOUD PLATFORM / Content delivery & image optimization, video & Fastly (CDN) Content Delivery Network streaming, cloud security, load balancing https://www.fastly.com/ Get AS (ISP) Fixed Line ISP Norwegian cable-TV operator and internet service provider https://www.get.no/ American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet- Google Inc. (SES) Search Engine Spider related services and products. These include online advertising technologies, search, cloud computing, software, and hardware. https://www.google.com/intl/en/about/ Google Wallet is a fast, free way to send money through the app, in Gmail, gWallet (COM) Commercial or on the web at wallet.google.com. https://www.google.com/wallet/ IP services including CDN, cloud storage, IP transit, transport and colocation in Highwinds Network Group Inc. (CDN) Content Delivery Network Winter Park, Florida, United States/ https://www.highwinds.com/ California-based company that provided software for Internet service Inktomi Corporation (SES) Search Engine Spider providers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inktomi Privately held technology company that analyzes the value of digital Integral Ad Science Inc. (COM) Commercial advertising placements. https://integralads.com/ Interstate Telecommunications (ITC) is a coop, providing telephone, TV, and Internet services to small (ISP) Fixed Line ISP Cooperative Inc. communities in South Dakota and Minnesota for almost 60 years http://itc-web.com/ Web hosting company in -Zuidoost, : Dedicated LeaseWeb Netherlands B.V. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit servers, Cloud, CDN, Cypersecurity Services https://www.leaseweb.com/ American multinational telecommunications and Internet service provider Level 3 Communications Inc. (ISP) Fixed Line ISP company headquartered in Broomfield, Colorado. Focus on managed security, network, voice and data services. http://www.level3.com/en/ American privately owned virtual private server provider company based in Linode LLC (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit Galloway, New Jersey. High performance SSD Linux servers for all of your infrastructure needs. https://www.linode.com/ COMPANIES USAGE TYPE DESCRIPTION WEBSITE Website hosting and cloud hosting provider, which focuses on web Media Temple Inc. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit designers, developers and creative agencies https://mediatemple.net/ American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Microsoft Corporation (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit Washington. It develops, manufactures, licenses, supports and sells computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and services https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/ In computer networking, multicast is group communication where data Multicast (RSV) Reserved transmission is addressed to a group of destination computers simultaneously. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast In computer networking, multicast is group communication where data Multicast (MIL) Military transmission is addressed to a group of destination computers simultaneously. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast Programmatic advertising technology company. The company has developed an integrated technology platform that combines ad server and a real-time OpenX Technologies Inc. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit bidding (RTB) exchange with a standard supply-side platform (SSP) ensuring the highest real-time value for any trade. https://www.openx.com/company/ formerly France Télécom S.A., is a French multinational telecommunications Orange S.A. (ISP) Fixed Line ISP, (MOB) Mobile ISP corporation. https://www.orange.com/en/home Presence on 4 continents, we provide digital, innovative and secure OVH SAS (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit infrastructures, adapted to professionals, startups, small and large companies and large accounts. https://www.ovh.com/us/about-us/ Peer 1 Hosting Toronto (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit Computer support and services in Toronto, Ontario https://www.cogecopeer1.com/ Private Customer / in-addr.arpa (ISP) Fixed Line ISP Private Layer Inc (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit Based in Northern Virginia, was one of the first commercial Internet service providers (ISPs) and was involved in the commercialization of the Internet until PSINet Inc. (ISP) Fixed Line ISP the company's bankruptcy in 2001 during the dot-com bubble and acquisition by Cogent Communications in 2002. http://www.psi-net.com/ Company which develops and implements online advertising software and strategies for the publishing industry. PubMatic's advertising software puts publishers of websites, videos and mobile apps into contact with ad buyers by using automated systems,[3] while allowing users to opt-out of having their personal information collected on internet searches. PubMatic has a number of Pubmatic Inc. (COM) Commercial offices in countries around the world. [4] PubMatic, for a fee, participates in online auctions to buy and sell media and advertising spots between various advertising companies.[5] [6] The company also produces quarterly reports about advertising prices.[7][8][9] / https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pubmatic https://pubmatic.com/ *SKETCHY / https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/forums/t/621298/can- someone-find-out-what-this-is/ ; Saferoute Incorporated (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit https://www.reddit.com/r/KotakuInAction/comments/2ndm36/gawker_media_mi ght_be_running_spywaremalware_on/ no public website Commonly known as SaskTel, is a full service communications provider in Saskatchewan. offers a wide range of communications products and services including competitive voice, data, internet, entertainment, security monitoring, Saskatchewan Telecommunications (ISP) Fixed Line ISP messaging, cellular, wireless data and directory services. In addition, SaskTel International offers software solutions and project consulting in countries around the world. https://www.sasktel.com/store/browse/Personal/_/N-26v0 *SKETCHY / "private email service provider" - no wikipedia page and not a lot Servastic (COM) Commercial written about this company. http://www.servastic.com/ Internet marketing service in New York City, New York: modern ad serving and programmatic infrastructure, and other monetization tools, like solutions for SpotXchange Inc (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit OTT and outstream video ad units, to give media owners complete control and actionable insights to maximize revenue. https://www.spotx.tv/ Venture-funded startup company that develops and markets software and Tapad Inc. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit services for cross-device advertising and content delivery. Private software company in New York City, New York https://www.tapad.com/ Provides on-demand solutions for companies to improve audience targeting, customer experience, and conversion rates, based Mclean, Virginia, United States. Acquired by Neustar in 2011: Controlling message TARGUSinfo (COM) Commercial exposure, optimizing media efficiency, balancing the customer journey—none of this is possible without a single lens on the consumer across all channels. The Neustar Identity Data Management Platform (IDMP) provides that unified view on a single platform. https://www.neustar.biz/marketing/identity COMPANIES USAGE TYPE DESCRIPTION WEBSITE technische & kommerzielle *SKETCHY / ?? No website for the company. Technical & Commercial (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit computerloesungen GmbH Computer Solutions in Germany that is stated on a website as being inactive ?? Panama-based VPN service owned and operated by Tefincom S.A. According Tefincom S.A. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit to NordVPN’s official website, the service is over ten years old, and offers “military-grade protection online.” https://torrentfreak.com/review/nordvpn-reviews/ Australian telecommunications and media company which builds and Telstra (ISP) Fixed Line ISP, (MOB) Mobile ISP operates telecommunications networks and markets voice, mobile, internet access, pay television and other entertainment products and services. https://www.telstra.com.au/ The Rubicon Project Inc. (COM) Commercial An online advertising technology firm based in Los Angeles, California. http://rubiconproject.com/ Provides internet broadband services. The company was incorporated in 1998 and is based in Herndon, Virginia. Spectrum is a brand of Charter Time Warner Cable Internet LLC (ISP) Fixed Line ISP Communications used to market consumer cable television, internet, and telephone provided by the company, and formerly provided by Time Warner Cable, which Charter Communications acquired in May 2016. https://www.spectrum.com/packages?cmp=TWC Provides fully managed servers, data center space, server management Total Server Solutions L.L.C. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit services and custom solutions to individuals and businesses. https://www.totalserversolutions.com/ An advertising platform enabling advertisers to craft highly-targeted marketing messages to consumers on-the-fly. Founded in 2004 with the vision to re-imagine the online advertising experience, Tumri has developed an Tumri (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit advertising platform that creates an interactive advertising experience. The Tumri solution—the AdPod—enables advertisers to craft highly targeted marketing messages to consumers on-the-fly. Tumri was acquired by Collective in July 2011. https://www.collective.com/ Develops and provides an advertising technology platform for marketers, brands, and agencies. / Turn Inc. has agreed to settle Federal Trade Commission charges that it deceived consumers by tracking them online and through their mobile applications, even after consumers took steps to opt out of Turn Inc. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit such tracking. As of April 10, 2017, Turn Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Amobee, Inc. https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=2 7044065 https://www.amobee.com/ Turnkey Internet Inc. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit Web hosting company in Latham, New York https://turnkeyinternet.net/ Twenga SA operates a shopping search engine for price comparison and a Twenga SA (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit shopping guide. http://www.twenga.com/ An online news and social networking service where users post and interact Twitter Inc. (COM) Commercial with messages, "tweets", restricted to 140 characters. https://about.twitter.com/en_us.html Unknown (RSV) Reserved 4g & 5g wireless networks, broadband & fiber optics, video & advertising Verizon Communications Inc. (ISP) Fixed Line ISP, (MOB) Mobile ISP platforms, internet of things https://www.verizon.com/about/homepage British company which provides fixed and mobile telephone, television and Virgin Media Limited (ISP) Fixed Line ISP, (MOB) Mobile ISP broadband internet services to businesses and consumers in the United Kingdom. http://www.virginmedia.com/ American multinational retailing corporation that operates as a chain of Wal-Mart Stores Inc. (COM) Commercial hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores https://www.walmart.com/ A programmatic marketing hub that enables brands to engage in X Plus One Solutions Inc. (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit conversations with consumers across a range of paid and owned online media. http://www.plusonesolutions.net/ Provides Cloud hosting, Cloud Servers, Dedicated Servers and Managed Xfernet (DCH) Data Center/Web Hosting/Transit Hosting in Los Angeles. http://www.xfernet.com/ Web services provider, wholly owned by Verizon Communications through Yahoo! Inc. (SES) Search Engine Spider Oath Inc. and headquartered in Sunnyvale, California. https://www.yahoo.com/