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Burke from Home: Plant Edition BURKE FROM HOME PLANT EDITION GRADES: ALL AGES! BEST FOR GRADES 2 –8 WHAT’S INCLUDED: • Learn how plants have adapted to survive in many different environments. • Meet plants with amazing adaptations and solve puzzles about them. • Get to know the plants in your neighborhood and start your own research collection! Can you think of a plant you’ve seen before? How are plants PLANTS ARE LIVING different from other living things? Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Regardless of size, most plants have leaves, a stem, and roots. Plants produce their own energy. Leaves Plants use their leaves to collect energy from the sun to produce their own food. This process is called photosynthesis. Stem PLANTS ARE EVERYWHERE Roots Over 400,000 plant species grow on Earth. Plants can grow in almost every kind of environment you can imagine! Dry desert areas Tall mountain tops Cold ocean waters HOW DO PLANTS DO IT? Like all living things, plants have to do three things to survive: FIND PROTECT REPRODUCE NUTRIENTS THEMSELVES Each plant species has unique traits and characteristics that help them to accomplish these three survival goals. These special qualities are called adaptations. Adaptations help plants to grow and survive in many different types of environments. #BURKEFROMHOME - PLANT EDITION 1 | #BURKEFROMHOME – PLANT EDITION AMAZING ADAPTATIONS What similarities and differences do you notice in the adaptation photos below? Have you ever seen a plant near your home that uses a similar strategy for survival? FIND NUTRIENTS AND ENERGY A thimbleberry’s large Mosses grow on other A broadleaf stonecrop has Some plants have more leaves have more surface plants to access sunlight. thick waxy leaves, which unusual strategies: Pitcher area for collecting help it to conserve water plants attract and then sunlight. in hot, dry areas. digest insects that crawl inside. PROTECT THEMSELVES The leaves and stems A Douglas-fir has thick Hawthorn plants have When attacked by insects, of the stinging nettle bark to protect it from thorns that discourage sagebrush releases are covered with acid- wildfires. predators. a chemical to warn filled hairs, discouraging neighboring plants of the grazing animals. danger. REPRODUCE AND DISPERSE Cattails produce fluffy Pine cones protect Blackberry plants produce The flower of the giant seeds which float in wind hundreds of seeds until fruit to attract animals. Dutchman’s pipe smells or on water. the right time comes to Animals eat the fruit then like rotting meat to attract release the seeds. spread the seeds through flies as pollinators! their poop! #BURKEFROMHOME - PLANT EDITION 2 | #BURKEFROMHOME – PLANT EDITION PLANT SENSES Even though plants have no ears, eyes or brain, they can still sense their environment and respond to it. Botanists who study plants have labeled 15 different tropisms, or plant senses! WHAT DOES IT MEAN? The names of these tropisms are based on Greek words. “helio” = sun “hydro” = water Heliotropism: Hydrotropism: Thermotropism: “thermo” = heat Sunflowers rotate to These mangrove roots Rhododendrons curl face the changing sense and grow toward and droop their leaves position of the sun. a water source. to protect them from freezing temperatures. ENVIRONMENT MATTERS A species’ adaptations help it to survive in a specific environment. What traits help a cactus to survive in a desert? What traits help a fern to survive in a rainforest? What challenges would these plants face if you swapped their environments? #BURKEFROMHOME - PLANT EDITION 3 | #BURKEFROMHOME – PLANT EDITION GET CREATIVE! Now that you’ve learned of the adaptations that plants can use to survive (and thrive!) in their environments, it’s your turn! Design a plant that would survive and thrive. FIRST, CHOOSE AN ENVIRONMENT: Adaptations help a plant to thrive in its specific environment. Where will your plant grow? • DESERT (DRY & HOT) CHALLENGE • TEMPERATE (DARK, WET, & COOL) YOURSELF • TROPICAL (WARM, WET, & SUNNY) Make sure to draw or describe how your plant will... NEXT, DRAW YOUR PLANT! • Find nutrients and energy Use the box below to sketch your plant. Make sure your plant has... • Protect itself • Roots • Reproduce and disperse • Stem • Leaves PLANT NAME: #BURKEFROMHOME - PLANT EDITION 4 | #BURKEFROMHOME – PLANT EDITION PLANT INFO CARDS Great work imagining a new plant! Now it’s time to take a closer look at more plants with amazing adaptations. THINGS TO THINK ABOUT WHILE YOU’RE READING: • How does each plant species survive in its environment? WASHINGTON • What other plants or living things could you find in that LOCALS environment? Many of these plants are native to Washington state! • Could you survive in that environment? What would you Look for the map icon on need in order to survive? the cards below. LODGEPOLE PINE BIG-LEAF MAPLE Pinus contorta var. latifolia Acer macrophyllum ENVIRONMENT: ENVIRONMENT: Dry, mountainous areas Wet, shady forests at low and middle elevations ADAPTATIONS: • Cones sealed with pitch ADAPTATIONS: protect seeds stored • Huge leaves capture inside for years. sunlight in dense forests. • Wildfires release • Drops its leaves in winter the seeds. High to conserve energy temperatures from fires • Winged seeds travel melt the pitch so cones long distances in the open and release seeds. wind. CALIFORINA FUCHSIA PONDEROSA PINE Zauschneria californica Pinus ponderosa ENVIRONMENT: Dry mountain slopes and ENVIRONMENT: shrublands Dry, warm forests at low to middle elevations ADAPTATIONS: • Tiny silvery leaves ADAPTATIONS: reduce water loss, • Thick bark protects the allowing better growth in tree from wildfires. hot, dry areas. • Sheds its lower • Bright red tube- branches as it grows shaped flowers attract to protect itself from hummingbirds to drink fires on the forest floor. nectar and pollinate other fuchsia flowers. #BURKEFROMHOME - PLANT EDITION 5 | COCONUT PALM PRICKLY PEAR CACTUS Cocos nucifera Opuntia columbiana ENVIRONMENT: ENVIRONMENT: Tropical shorelines with lots of Dry desert areas humidity, sun, and sandy soil ADAPTATIONS: ADAPTATIONS: • Wide flat stems (or • The coconut’s thick pads)store water. protects external husk • Sharp spines protect the seed inside from from thirsty animals predatdors and seeking the water saltwater. stored in its stems. to new • Coconuts float • Pads can break off, shores, where the seeds develop roots and grow into trees. grow into a new plant. WESTERN RED CEDAR PACIFIC WILLOW Thuja plicata Salix lasiandra ENVIRONMENT: ENVIRONMENT: Wet or swampy areas Wetlands like riverbanks and floodplains ADAPTATIONS: • Many small leaves ADAPTATIONS: capture sunlight, even in • Light, cotton-like seeds shady places. spread in the wind or on • A natural fungicide water. protects the bark and • Quick-growing roots can wood from rotting. detect moisture and • Seed cones hold vibrations and grow winged seeds that can toward potential travel in the wind. water sources like streams or pipes. DRACULA ORCHID VINE MAPLE Dracula bella Acer circinatum ENVIRONMENT: ENVIRONMENT: Wet, shaded areas in forests Shady tropical rainforests at high elevations ADAPTATIONS: • Winged seeds fly up to ADAPTATIONS: 330 feet in wind. • Grows on other plants, • Flexible branches like trees, to reach the protect the trees from right amount of sunlight. avalanches in mountains. to • Mimics a mushroom • Plants spread when attract pollinator flies. branches bend down The flower’s petals to the ground and look and smell make new roots and like fungi. stems. #BURKEFROMHOME - PLANT EDITION 6 | #BURKEFROMHOME – PLANT EDITION SO YOU THINK YOU CAN MATCH... Draw a line between the plant and the adaptation that each plant uses to help it survive! Stores water inside its 1. wide, flat stems DRACULA ORCHID PONDEROSA PINE Grows on the trunk or 2. branches of a tree to collect sunlight WESTERN RED CEDAR LODGEPOLE PINE Flexible branches to 3.withstand windstorms and snow VINE MAPLE PRICKLY PEAR CACTUS Strong external husk 4. protects the seeds CALIFORNIA FUSCHIA PACIFIC WILLOW Seeds spread by 5. wind or water BIG LEAF MAPLE COCONUT PALM PLANT EXPERT CHALLENGE How does each adaptation help the plant to survive? Next to each clue, draw these shapes to indicate whether the adaptation helps with... FINDING NUTRIENTS PROTECTION ANSWERwillow Pacific KEY5. palm orchid 3. Vine maple 4. Coconut Coconut 4. maple Vine 3. orchid REPRODUCTION 1. Prickly pear cactus 2. Dracula Dracula 2. cactus pear Prickly 1. #BURKEFROMHOME - PLANT EDITION 7 | #BURKEFROMHOME – PLANT EDITION I KNOW YOU ARE, BUT WHO AM I? Three mystery plants from our info cards have left you some clues. Can you solve these plant riddles and figure out which plant is which? Solve the riddles yourself, or quiz someone else in your home! MYSTERY PLANT 1 MYSTERY PLANT 3 Clue 1 I live in wet, shady forests. Clue 1 I live in a dry, hot environment. My tiny silver leaves help me retain Clue 2 water in the bright sun. I have huge green leaves that I use to capture as much sunlight (energy) as possible. Clue 2 MYSTERY PLANT 2 To help me reproduce, I grow many bright red tube-shaped Clue 3 Clue 1 flowers with nectar to attract Every fall, I shed my leaves. I I grow in dry forests where there hummingbirds. grow new ones in the spring. are often wildfires. Who am I? Who am I? Clue 2 I protect myself from the fires in two ways: I surround my trunk with thick bark, and I shed my lower branches to stay safe from fires on the forest floor. Who am I? BRANCH OUT MYSTERY PLANT 4 BONUS! Write your own set of clues about Clue 1: another plant and read it to a friend or family member. Can they guess which plant you are? Clue 2: Clue 3: ANSWERfuschia KEYCaliforina 3. pine 1. Big leaf maple 2. Ponderosa Ponderosa 2. maple leaf Big 1. Who am I? #BURKEFROMHOME - PLANT EDITION 8 | #BURKEFROMHOME – PLANT EDITION A WALK IN THE PARK Can you find plants with these adaptations in your own neighborhood? Take this page outside on a scavenger hunt.
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